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Li Z, Han B, Qi M, Li Y, Duan Y, Yao Y. Modulating macrophage-mediated programmed cell removal: An attractive strategy for cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189172. [PMID: 39151808 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Macrophage-mediated programmed cell removal (PrCR) is crucial for the identification and elimination of needless cells that maintain tissue homeostasis. The efficacy of PrCR depends on the balance between pro-phagocytic "eat me" signals and anti-phagocytic "don't eat me" signals. Recently, a growing number of studies have shown that tumourigenesis and progression are closely associated with PrCR. In the tumour microenvironment, PrCR activated by the "eat me" signal is counterbalanced by the "don't eat me" signal of CD47/SIRPα, resulting in tumour immune escape. Therefore, targeting exciting "eat me" signalling while simultaneously suppressing "don't eat me" signalling and eventually inducing macrophages to produce effective PrCR will be a very attractive antitumour strategy. Here, we comprehensively review the functions of PrCR-activating signal molecules (CRT, PS, Annexin1, SLAMF7) and PrCR-inhibiting signal molecules (CD47/SIRPα, MHC-I/LILRB1, CD24/Siglec-10, SLAMF3, SLAMF4, PD-1/PD-L1, CD31, GD2, VCAM1), the interactions between these molecules, and Warburg effect. In addition, we highlight the molecular regulatory mechanisms that affect immune system function by exciting or suppressing PrCR. Finally, we review the research advances in tumour therapy by activating PrCR and discuss the challenges and potential solutions to smooth the way for tumour treatment strategies that target PrCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Bingqian Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Menghui Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yinchao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yongtao Duan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China; Henan Neurodevelopment Engineering Research Center for Children, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China.
| | - Yongfang Yao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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2
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Khalaji A, Yancheshmeh FB, Farham F, Khorram A, Sheshbolouki S, Zokaei M, Vatankhah F, Soleymani-Goloujeh M. Don't eat me/eat me signals as a novel strategy in cancer immunotherapy. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20507. [PMID: 37822610 PMCID: PMC10562801 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stands as one of the prominent global causes of death, with its incidence burden continuously increasing, leading to a substantial rise in mortality rates. Cancer treatment has seen the development of various strategies, each carrying its drawbacks that can negatively impact the quality of life for cancer patients. The challenge remains significant within the medical field to establish a definitive cancer treatment that minimizes complications and limitations. In the forthcoming years, exploring new strategies to surmount the failures in cancer treatment appears to be an unavoidable pursuit. Among these strategies, immunology-based ones hold substantial promise in combatting cancer and immune-related disorders. A particular subset of this approach identifies "eat me" and "Don't eat me" signals in cancer cells, contrasting them with their counterparts in non-cancerous cells. This distinction could potentially mark a significant breakthrough in treating diverse cancers. By delving into signal transduction and engineering novel technologies that utilize distinct "eat me" and "Don't eat me" signals, a valuable avenue may emerge for advancing cancer treatment methodologies. Macrophages, functioning as vital components of the immune system, regulate metabolic equilibrium, manage inflammatory disorders, oversee fibrosis, and aid in the repair of injuries. However, in the context of tumor cells, the overexpression of "Don't eat me" signals like CD47, PD-L1, and beta-2 microglobulin (B2M), an anti-phagocytic subunit of the primary histocompatibility complex class I, enables these cells to evade macrophages and proliferate uncontrollably. Conversely, the presentation of an "eat me" signal, such as Phosphatidylserine (PS), along with alterations in charge and glycosylation patterns on the cellular surface, modifications in intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) epitopes, and the exposure of Calreticulin and PS on the outer layer of the plasma membrane represent universally observed changes on the surface of apoptotic cells, preventing phagocytosis from causing harm to adjacent non-tumoral cells. The current review provides insight into how signaling pathways and immune cells either stimulate or obstruct these signals, aiming to address challenges that may arise in future immunotherapy research. A potential solution lies in combination therapies targeting the "eat me" and "Don't eat me" signals in conjunction with other targeted therapeutic approaches. This innovative strategy holds promise as a novel avenue for the future treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirreza Khalaji
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatereh Baharlouei Yancheshmeh
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Farham
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arya Khorram
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Shiva Sheshbolouki
- Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Maryam Zokaei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Science, Food Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Beyza Branch, Islamic Azad University, Beyza, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Vatankhah
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Soleymani-Goloujeh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Kuroki K, Fukuhara H, Tadokoro T, Maenaka K. Low-Cost Cell-Surface-Mimic Analysis of Ligand Interactions of Biotinylated Immune Receptors Using Surface Plasmon Resonance. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2421:21-35. [PMID: 34870809 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1944-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
On the immune cell surface, many immune receptors are expressed and modulate the inhibitory or activating signals to control the immune responses. Recently, some of these receptors have been categorized as immune checkpoint receptors and targeted for cancer immunity or autoimmune diseases. To analyze the weak and fast binding typical for immune receptor-ligand interactions, a real-time surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique is useful. However, it sometimes becomes difficult to optimize the immobilization conditions and appropriate controls. Considering that receptor orientation is relevant for achieving function on the cell surface, it is important to immobilize ligand proteins using specific tags at the membrane proximal end to avoid steric hindrance and structural changes in specific binding regions. Here we introduce a sensor chip, Sensor Chip CAP (Cytiva), which enables reversible and orientation-controlled immobilization of biotinylated ligands, resulting in a significant cost-effective method. We further show preparation methods of several biotinylated immune receptor proteins for SPR analysis, which are also useful for structural and other functional analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Kuroki
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Hideo Fukuhara
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Tadokoro
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Katsumi Maenaka
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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4
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Deng M, Chen H, Liu X, Huang R, He Y, Yoo B, Xie J, John S, Zhang N, An Z, Zhang CC. Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B: therapeutic targets in cancer. Antib Ther 2021; 4:16-33. [PMID: 33928233 PMCID: PMC7944505 DOI: 10.1093/abt/tbab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors (LILRBs 1–5) transduce signals via intracellular immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs that recruit phosphatases to negatively regulate immune activation. The activation of LILRB signaling in immune cells may contribute to immune evasion. In addition, the expression and signaling of LILRBs in cancer cells especially in certain hematologic malignant cells directly support cancer development. Certain LILRBs thus have dual roles in cancer biology—as immune checkpoint molecules and tumor-supporting factors. Here, we review the expression, ligands, signaling, and functions of LILRBs, as well as therapeutic development targeting them. LILRBs may represent attractive targets for cancer treatment, and antagonizing LILRB signaling may prove to be effective anti-cancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Deng
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Heyu Chen
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Xiaoye Liu
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ryan Huang
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yubo He
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Byounggyu Yoo
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jingjing Xie
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Samuel John
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ningyan Zhang
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Houston Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Houston Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Cheng Cheng Zhang
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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5
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Yamazaki R, Furukawa A, Hirayasu K, Yumoto K, Fukuhara H, Arase H, Maenaka K. Molecular mechanism of the recognition of bacterially cleaved immunoglobulin by the immune regulatory receptor LILRA2. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:9531-9541. [PMID: 32424043 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors (LILRs) typically regulate immune activation by binding to the human leukocyte antigen class I molecules. LILRA2, a member of the LILR family, was recently reported to bind to other unique ligands, the bacterially degraded Igs (N-truncated Igs), for the activation of immune cells. Therefore, LILRA2 is currently attracting significant attention as a novel innate immune receptor. However, the detailed recognition mechanisms required for this interaction remain unclear. In this study, using several biophysical techniques, we uncovered the molecular mechanism of N-truncated Ig recognition by LILRA2. Surface plasmon resonance analysis disclosed that LILRA2 specifically binds to N-truncated Ig with weak affinity (Kd = 4.8 μm) and fast kinetics. However, immobilized LILRA2 exhibited a significantly enhanced interaction with N-truncated Ig due to avidity effects. This suggests that cell surface-bound LILRA2 rapidly monitors and identifies bi- or multivalent abnormal N-truncated Igs through specific cross-linking to induce immune activation. Van't Hoff analysis revealed that this interaction is enthalpy-driven, with a small entropy loss, and results from differential scanning calorimetry indicated the instability of the putative LILRA2-binding site, the Fab region of the N-truncated Ig. Atomic force microscopy revealed that N truncation does not cause significant structural changes in Ig. Furthermore, mutagenesis analysis identified the hydrophobic region of LILRA2 domain 2 as the N-truncated Ig-binding site, representing a novel ligand-binding site for the LILR family. These results provide detailed insights into the molecular regulation of LILR-mediated immune responses targeting ligands that have been modified by bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rika Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Furukawa
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kouyuki Hirayasu
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kohei Yumoto
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hideo Fukuhara
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Arase
- WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Katsumi Maenaka
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan .,Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.,Center for Life Innovation, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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6
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Bioinformatics analyses on the immune status of renal transplant patients, a systemic research of renal transplantation. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:24. [PMID: 32046717 PMCID: PMC7014750 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-0673-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation is the most effective treatment for end-stage renal disease. Allograft rejections severely affect survivals of allograft kidneys and recipients. METHODS Using bioinformatics approaches, the present study was designed to investigate immune status in renal transplant recipients. Fifteen datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were collected and analysed. Analysis of gene enrichment and protein-protein interactions were also used. RESULTS There were 40 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in chronic rejection group when compared with stable recipients, which were enriched in allograft rejection module. There were 135 DEGs identified in acute rejection patients, compared with stable recipients, in which most genes were enriched in allograft rejection and immune deficiency. There were 288 DEGs identified in stable recipients when compared to healthy subjects. Most genes were related to chemokine signalling pathway. In integrated comparisons, expressions of MHC molecules and immunoglobulins were increased in both acute and chronic rejection; expressions of LILRB and MAP 4 K1 were increased in acute rejection patients, but not in stable recipients. There were no overlapping DEGs in blood samples of transplant recipients. CONCLUSION By performing bioinformatics analysis on the immune status of kidney transplant patients, the present study reports several DEGs in the renal biopsy of transplant recipients, which are requested to be validated in clinical practice.
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7
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Furukawa A, Meguro M, Yamazaki R, Watanabe H, Takahashi A, Kuroki K, Maenaka K. Evaluation of the Reactivity and Receptor Competition of HLA-G Isoforms toward Available Antibodies: Implications of Structural Characteristics of HLA-G Isoforms. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235947. [PMID: 31779209 PMCID: PMC6928721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-G, which consists of seven splice variants, is a tolerogenic immune checkpoint molecule. It plays an important role in the protection of the fetus from the maternal immune response by binding to inhibitory receptors, including leukocyte Ig-like receptors (LILRs). Recent studies have also revealed that HLA-G is involved in the progression of cancer cells and the protection from autoimmune diseases. In contrast to its well characterized isoform, HLA-G1, the binding activities of other major HLA-G isoforms, such as HLA-G2, toward available anti-HLA-G antibodies are only partially understood. Here, we investigate the binding specificities of anti-HLA-G antibodies by using surface plasmon resonance. MEM-G9 and G233 showed strong affinities to HLA-G1, with a nM range for their dissociation constants, but did not show affinities to HLA-G2. The disulfide-linker HLA-G1 dimer further exhibited significant avidity effects. On the other hand, 4H84 and MEM-G1, which can be used for the Western blotting of HLA-G isoforms, can bind to native HLA-G2, while MEM-G9 and G233 cannot. These results reveal that HLA-G2 has a partially intrinsically disordered structure. Furthermore, MEM-G1, but not 4H84, competes with the LILRB2 binding of HLA-G2. These results provide novel insight into the functional characterization of HLA-G isoforms and their detection systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Furukawa
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (A.F.); (M.M.); (R.Y.); (H.W.); (A.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Manami Meguro
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (A.F.); (M.M.); (R.Y.); (H.W.); (A.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Rika Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (A.F.); (M.M.); (R.Y.); (H.W.); (A.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (A.F.); (M.M.); (R.Y.); (H.W.); (A.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Ami Takahashi
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (A.F.); (M.M.); (R.Y.); (H.W.); (A.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Kimiko Kuroki
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (A.F.); (M.M.); (R.Y.); (H.W.); (A.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Katsumi Maenaka
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; (A.F.); (M.M.); (R.Y.); (H.W.); (A.T.); (K.K.)
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-011-706-3970
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8
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Kuroki K, Matsubara H, Kanda R, Miyashita N, Shiroishi M, Fukunaga Y, Kamishikiryo J, Fukunaga A, Fukuhara H, Hirose K, Hunt JS, Sugita Y, Kita S, Ose T, Maenaka K. Structural and Functional Basis for LILRB Immune Checkpoint Receptor Recognition of HLA-G Isoforms. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:3386-3394. [PMID: 31694909 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Human leukocyte Ig-like receptors (LILR) LILRB1 and LILRB2 are immune checkpoint receptors that regulate a wide range of physiological responses by binding to diverse ligands, including HLA-G. HLA-G is exclusively expressed in the placenta, some immunoregulatory cells, and tumors and has several unique isoforms. However, the recognition of HLA-G isoforms by LILRs is poorly understood. In this study, we characterized LILR binding to the β2-microglobulin (β2m)-free HLA-G1 isoform, which is synthesized by placental trophoblast cells and tends to dimerize and multimerize. The multimerized β2m-free HLA-G1 dimer lacked detectable affinity for LILRB1, but bound strongly to LILRB2. We also determined the crystal structure of the LILRB1 and HLA-G1 complex, which adopted the typical structure of a classical HLA class I complex. LILRB1 exhibits flexible binding modes with the α3 domain, but maintains tight contacts with β2m, thus accounting for β2m-dependent binding. Notably, both LILRB1 and B2 are oriented at suitable angles to permit efficient signaling upon complex formation with HLA-G1 dimers. These structural and functional features of ligand recognition by LILRs provide novel insights into their important roles in the biological regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Kuroki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Haruki Matsubara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Ryo Kanda
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Miyashita
- RIKEN, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.,Department of Computational Systems Biology, Kindai University, Kinokawa 649-6493, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Shiroishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuko Fukunaga
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jun Kamishikiryo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Fukuyama 729-0292, Japan; and
| | - Atsushi Fukunaga
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideo Fukuhara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Kaoru Hirose
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Joan S Hunt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | | | - Shunsuke Kita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Toyoyuki Ose
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Katsumi Maenaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan;
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9
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Zhao J, Zhong S, Niu X, Jiang J, Zhang R, Li Q. The MHC class I-LILRB1 signalling axis as a promising target in cancer therapy. Scand J Immunol 2019; 90:e12804. [PMID: 31267559 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are among the newest, cutting-edge methods for the treatment of cancer. Currently, they primarily influence T cell adaptive immunotherapy targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4/B7 signalling pathways. These inhibitors fight cancer by reactivating the patient's own adaptive immune system, with good results in many cancers. With the discovery of the "Don't Eat Me" molecule, CD47, antibody-based drugs that target the macrophage-related innate immunosuppressive signalling pathway, CD47-SIRPα, have been developed and have achieved stunning results in the laboratory and the clinic, but there remain unexplained instances of tumour immune escape. While investigating the immunological tolerance of cancer to anti-CD47 antibodies, a second "Don't Eat Me" molecule on tumour cells, beta 2 microglobulin (β2m), a component of MHC class I, was described. Some tumour cells reduce their surface expression of MHC class I to escape T cell recognition. However, other tumour cells highly express β2m complexed with the MHC class I heavy chain to send a "Don't Eat Me" signal by binding to leucocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor family B, member 1 (LILRB1) on macrophages, leading to a loss of immune surveillance. Investigating the mechanisms underlying this immunosuppressive MHC class I-LILRB1 signalling axis in tumour-associated macrophages will be useful in developing therapies to restore macrophage function and control MHC class I signalling in patient tumours. The goal is to promote adaptive immunity while suppressing the innate immune response to tumours. This work will identify new therapeutic targets for the development of pharmaceutical-based tumour immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Zhao
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shanshan Zhong
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xing Niu
- Second Clinical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiwei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ruochen Zhang
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Qingchang Li
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.,Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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10
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Tadokoro T, Jahan ML, Ito Y, Tahara M, Chen S, Imai A, Sugimura N, Yoshida K, Saito M, Ose T, Hashiguchi T, Takeda M, Fukuhara H, Maenaka K. Biophysical characterization and single-chain Fv construction of a neutralizing antibody to measles virus. FEBS J 2019; 287:145-159. [PMID: 31287622 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The measles virus (MV) is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. We previously established a mouse monoclonal antibody, 2F4, which shows high neutralizing titers against eight different genotypes of MV. However, the molecular basis for the neutralizing activity of the 2F4 antibody remains incompletely understood. Here, we have evaluated the binding characteristics of a Fab fragment of the 2F4 antibody. Using the MV infectious assay, we demonstrated that 2F4 Fab inhibits viral entry via either of two cellular receptors, SLAM and Nectin4. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis of recombinant proteins indicated that 2F4 Fab interacts with MV hemagglutinin (MV-H) with a KD value at the nm level. Furthermore, we designed a single-chain Fv fragment of 2F4 antibody as another potential biopharmaceutical to target measles. The stable 2F4 scFv was successfully prepared by the refolding method and shown to interact with MV-H at the μm level. Like 2F4 Fab, scFv inhibited receptor binding and viral entry. This indicates that 2F4 mAb uses the receptor-binding site and/or a neighboring region as an epitope with high affinity. These results provide insight into the neutralizing activity and potential therapeutic use of antibody fragments for MV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Tadokoro
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mst Lubna Jahan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuri Ito
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Maino Tahara
- Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Surui Chen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsutoshi Imai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Natsumi Sugimura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koki Yoshida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mizuki Saito
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toyoyuki Ose
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takao Hashiguchi
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Takeda
- Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Fukuhara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Katsumi Maenaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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11
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Porto IO, Mendes-Junior CT, Felício LP, Georg RC, Moreau P, Donadi EA, Chies JAB, Castelli EC. microRNAs targeting the immunomodulatory HLA-G gene: A new survey searching for microRNAs with potential to regulate HLA-G. Mol Immunol 2015; 65:230-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Izumi H, Wakisaka A, Nafie LA, Dukor RK. Data mining of supersecondary structure homology between light chains of immunogloblins and MHC molecules: absence of the common conformational fragment in the human IgM rheumatoid factor. J Chem Inf Model 2013; 53:584-91. [PMID: 23394723 DOI: 10.1021/ci300420d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It is shown that fuzzy search and data mining techniques of supersecondary structure homology for subunits of proteins using conformational code patterns of α-helix-type (3β5α4β) and β-sheet-type (6α4β4β) fragments can be used to extract correlations between fragments of MHC class I molecules and the light chain of immunoglobulins. The new method of conformational pattern analysis with fuzzy search of structural code homology reflects well the shape of main chain rather than secondary structure in comparison with the DSSP method. Further, the data mining technique using the combination of h- and s-fragment patterns can quantify the supersecondary structure homology between any subunits of proteins with different amino acid sequences. Characteristic fragment patterns (string "shhshss"), which were sandwiched between two identical amino acid sequences His and Pro, were found in light chains of various types of immunogloblins, α-chain and β-2 microglobulin of MHC class I and α-chain and β-chain of MHC class II, but not in heavy chains of Fab immunoglobulin fragments and T cell receptors (TCR). Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors (LILR) are related by the conformational fragment (string "shhshss") to β-2 microglobulins as a type of pair forms (string "sohsss"). Further, human IgM rheumatoid factor, one of the immunogloblins, did not strongly exhibit the conformational fragment pattern. Nonclassic MHC class I molecules CD1D, MIC-A, and MIC-B, which have functions to activate NKT, NK, and T cells, did not also clearly show the patterns. These code-driven mining techniques can be utilized as a metadata-generating tool for systems biology to elucidate the biological function of such conformational fragments of MHC I and II molecules, which come in contact with various signal ligands on the surface of T cells and natural killer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Izumi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , AIST Tsukuba West, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
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13
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Cilião Alves DC, de Oliveira Crispim JC, Castelli EC, Mendes-Junior CT, Deghaide NHS, Barros Silva GE, Costa RS, Saber LT, Moreau P, Donadi EA. Human leukocyte antigen–G 3′ untranslated region polymorphisms are associated with better kidney allograft acceptance. Hum Immunol 2012; 73:52-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2011.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Abstract
Many immunological responses are often regulated by cell surface receptors in cell-cell recognition events. Such immune receptors on the cell surface typically exhibit low-affinity and fast-kinetic ligand interactions (e.g., K (d) in the μM range, k (off) = 10(-2) to 20 s(-1)). Real-time surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection systems are generally useful for determining these binding parameters. However, several technical points should be considered because the determination of low-affinity binding and fast kinetics is often rather difficult. Here, we introduce a general procedure for SPR experiments and, moreover, show typical examples for ligand binding of immune cell surface receptors, including experimentally useful tips. We also show how to determine the thermodynamic characteristics using the nonlinear van't Hoff and Arrhenius analyses. These affinity, kinetic, and thermodynamic parameters of immune-receptor binding are important for understanding immunological events as well as developing drugs and vaccines.
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15
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Kamishikiryo J, Fukuhara H, Okabe Y, Kuroki K, Maenaka K. Molecular basis for LLT1 protein recognition by human CD161 protein (NKRP1A/KLRB1). J Biol Chem 2011; 286:23823-30. [PMID: 21572041 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.214254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Th17 cells express high levels of CD161, a member of the killer cell lectin-like receptor (KLR) family (also referred to as NK receptor-P1A (NKRP1A) or KLRB1), as a representative marker. CD161 is also expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and NKT cells. Lectin-like transcript 1 (LLT1), another KLR family member, was recently identified as a ligand for CD161. This interaction may play pivotal roles in the immunomodulatory functions of Th17 cells as well as those of NK and NKT cells. However, the molecular basis for the interaction is poorly understood. Here we show that the extracellular domain of CD161 bound directly to LLT1 with a K(d) of 48 μM and with the fast kinetics typical of cell-cell recognition receptors. Mutagenesis revealed that the similar membrane-distal β-sheet and loop regions of both CD161 and LLT1 were utilized for the binding, and notably, these regions correspond to the ligand-binding sites for major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-recognizing KLRs. Furthermore, we found a pair of detrimental mutations for both molecules that restored the binding. These results reveal a new template model for the recognition mode between the KLR family members and provide insights into the molecular mechanism underlying Th17/NK/NKT-mediated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kamishikiryo
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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16
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Verloes A, Van de Velde H, LeMaoult J, Mateizel I, Cauffman G, Horn PA, Carosella ED, Devroey P, De Waele M, Rebmann V, Vercammen M. HLA-G expression in human embryonic stem cells and preimplantation embryos. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 186:2663-71. [PMID: 21248264 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Human leukocyte Ag-G, a tolerogenic molecule that acts on cells of both innate and adaptive immunity, plays an important role in tumor progression, transplantation, placentation, as well as the protection of the allogeneic fetus from the maternal immune system. We investigated HLA-G mRNA and protein expression in human embryonic stem cells (hESC) derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of blastocysts. hESC self-renew indefinitely in culture while maintaining pluripotency, providing an unlimited source of cells for therapy. HLA-G mRNA was present in early and late passage hESC, as assessed by real time RT-PCR. Protein expression was demonstrated by flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, and ELISA on an hESC extract. Binding of HLA-G with its ILT2 receptor demonstrated the functional active status. To verify this finding in a physiologically relevant setting, HLA-G protein expression was investigated during preimplantation development. We demonstrated HLA-G protein expression in oocytes, cleavage stage embryos, and blastocysts, where we find it in trophectoderms but also in ICM cells. During blastocyst development, a downregulation of HLA-G in the ICM cells was present. This data might be important for cell therapy and transplantation because undifferentiated hESC can contaminate the transplant of differentiated stem cells and develop into malignant cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Verloes
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Brussels, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
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17
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Chui CS, Li D. Role of immunolglobulin-like transcript family receptors and their ligands in suppressor T-cell–induced dendritic cell tolerization. Hum Immunol 2009; 70:686-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2009.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2009] [Revised: 06/02/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Hantgan RR, Stahle MC, Horita DA. Entropy Drives Integrin αIIbβ3:Echistatin Binding—Evidence from Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy. Biochemistry 2008; 47:2884-92. [DOI: 10.1021/bi701877a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roy R. Hantgan
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1016
| | - Mary C. Stahle
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1016
| | - David A. Horita
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1016
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19
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Okhrimenko O, Jelesarov I. A survey of the year 2006 literature on applications of isothermal titration calorimetry. J Mol Recognit 2008; 21:1-19. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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20
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Gruda R, Achdout H, Stern-Ginossar N, Gazit R, Betser-Cohen G, Manaster I, Katz G, Gonen-Gross T, Tirosh B, Mandelboim O. Intracellular cysteine residues in the tail of MHC class I proteins are crucial for extracellular recognition by leukocyte Ig-like receptor 1. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 179:3655-61. [PMID: 17785801 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.6.3655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The activity of NK cells is regulated by activating receptors that recognize mainly stress-induced ligands and by inhibitory receptors that recognize mostly MHC class I proteins on target cells. Comparing the cytoplasmic tail sequences of various MHC class I proteins revealed the presence of unique cysteine residues in some of the MHC class I molecules which are absent in others. To study the role of these unique cysteines, we performed site specific mutagenesis, generating MHC class I molecules lacking these cysteines, and demonstrated that their expression on the cell surface was impaired. Surprisingly, we demonstrated that these cysteines are crucial for the surface binding of the leukocyte Ig-like receptor 1 inhibitory receptor to the MHC class I proteins, but not for the binding of the KIR2DL1 inhibitory receptor. In addition, we demonstrated that the cysteine residues in the cytoplasmic tail of MHC class I proteins are crucial for their egress from the endoplasmic reticulum and for their palmitoylation, thus probably affecting their expression on the cell surface. Finally, we show that the cysteine residues are important for proper extracellular conformation. Thus, although the interaction between leukocyte Ig-like receptor 1 and MHC class I proteins is formed between two extracellular surfaces, the intracellular components of MHC class I proteins play a crucial role in this recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raizy Gruda
- Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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21
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Chen Y, Chu F, Gao F, Zhou B, Gao GF. Stability engineering, biophysical, and biological characterization of the myeloid activating receptor immunoglobulin-like transcript 1 (ILT1/LIR-7/LILRA2). Protein Expr Purif 2007; 56:253-60. [PMID: 17920929 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2007.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2007] [Revised: 07/27/2007] [Accepted: 08/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin-like transcript 1 (ILT1/LIR-7/LILRA2/CD85h) is one of the activating receptors in the ILT family whose members have been reported to regulate a broad range of cells involved in the immune response. Although inhibitory ILT receptors have been extensively studied, however, functions and structures of ILT activating receptors have yet to be elucidated. Obtaining of sufficient amount of recombinant proteins is a requisite for the functional and structural studies of a given protein. As a technical bottleneck of the study, extracellular domains of the ILT1 form aggregation during recombinant production in the past efforts. Here, we report the large-scale stable production of ILT1 D1D2 domains through engineering of site-directed mutagenesis (R142C) that introduces a cysteine at amino acid position 142 to form a disulfide bond with the spare cys132 without topological influences of the native protein based on the known structures of the homologous ILT 2/4/11. The recombinant ILT1 D1D2 domains behave as an equilibrium of both stable dimer and monomer in solution and yield ideal crystals for structural determination. The availability of quantities of soluble ILT1 D1D2 domains provides useful reagent for further studies of its detailed structure and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- China-Japan Joint Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Molecular Microbiology, Center for Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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22
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Kuroki K, Kobayashi S, Shiroishi M, Kajikawa M, Okamoto N, Kohda D, Maenaka K. Detection of weak ligand interactions of leukocyte Ig-like receptor B1 by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. J Immunol Methods 2007; 320:172-6. [PMID: 17217953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2006.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2006] [Revised: 10/27/2006] [Accepted: 11/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) can directly and quickly detect the translational diffusion of individual fluorescence-labeled molecules in solutions. Although FCS analyses for protein-protein interactions have been performed, the very weak interactions generally observed in cell-cell recognition of the immune system have not been examined in detail. Here, we report the FCS analysis for low-affinity and fast-kinetic binding (K(d) greater than muM range) of the human inhibitory immune cell surface receptor, leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B1 (LILRB1), to its ligands, MHC (major histocompatibility complex) class I molecules (MHCIs) by using the single-molecule FCS detection system which requires only a small amount of sample. Since the random labeling technique for LILRB1 disturbed the MHCI binding, we performed site-specific labeling of LILRB1 by introducing a cysteine residue at the C-terminus, which could be covalently attached with the fluorescence reagent, Alexa647. This technique can be applied to other type I membrane receptors. The low-affinity binding of LILRB1-Alexa647 to MHCIs (HLA-Cw4, and -G1) was detected by FCS, even though non-labeled MHCIs were only twice as big as the labeled LILRB1. Their dissociation constants (7.5 muM (HLA-Cw4) and 5.7 muM (HLA-G1)) could be determined and were consistent with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) data. These results indicate that the single-molecule FCS detection system is capable of analyzing the binding characteristics of immune cell surface receptors even in difficult cases such as (1) small amount of protein samples, (2) small difference in molecular weight and (3) weak affinity. Therefore, it is a powerful tool for characterization and high throughput inhibitor screening of a wide variety of cell-cell recognition receptors involved in immunologically relevant events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Kuroki
- Division of Structural Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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23
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Rich RL, Myszka DG. Survey of the year 2006 commercial optical biosensor literature. J Mol Recognit 2007; 20:300-66. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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24
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Shiroishi M, Kuroki K, Rasubala L, Tsumoto K, Kumagai I, Kurimoto E, Kato K, Kohda D, Maenaka K. Structural basis for recognition of the nonclassical MHC molecule HLA-G by the leukocyte Ig-like receptor B2 (LILRB2/LIR2/ILT4/CD85d). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:16412-7. [PMID: 17056715 PMCID: PMC1637596 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0605228103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
HLA-G is a nonclassical MHC class I (MHCI) molecule that can suppress a wide range of immune responses in the maternal-fetal interface. The human inhibitory immune receptors leukocyte Ig-like receptor (LILR) B1 [also called LIR1, Ig-like transcript 2 (ILT2), or CD85j] and LILRB2 (LIR2/ILT4/CD85d) preferentially recognize HLA-G. HLA-G inherently exhibits various forms, including beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)m)-free and disulfide-linked dimer forms. Notably, LILRB1 cannot recognize the beta(2)m-free form of HLA-G or HLA-B27, but LILRB2 can recognize the beta(2)m-free form of HLA-B27. To date, the structural basis for HLA-G/LILR recognition remains to be examined. Here, we report the 2.5-A resolution crystal structure of the LILRB2/HLA-G complex. LILRB2 exhibits an overlapping but distinct MHCI recognition mode compared with LILRB1 and dominantly recognizes the hydrophobic site of the HLA-G alpha3 domain. NMR binding studies also confirmed these LILR recognition differences on both conformed (heavy chain/peptide/beta(2)m) and free forms of beta(2)m. Binding studies using beta(2)m-free MHCIs revealed differential beta(2)m-dependent LILR-binding specificities. These results suggest that subtle structural differences between LILRB family members cause the distinct binding specificities to various forms of HLA-G and other MHCIs, which may in turn regulate immune suppression.
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD/chemistry
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- HLA Antigens/chemistry
- HLA Antigens/classification
- HLA Antigens/genetics
- HLA Antigens/immunology
- HLA-A2 Antigen/chemistry
- HLA-A2 Antigen/immunology
- HLA-G Antigens
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/chemistry
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/classification
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/genetics
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology
- Humans
- Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor B1
- Membrane Glycoproteins/chemistry
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology
- Models, Molecular
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
- Protein Binding
- Protein Structure, Quaternary
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Receptors, Immunologic/chemistry
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
- Structural Homology, Protein
- Surface Plasmon Resonance
- beta 2-Microglobulin/chemistry
- beta 2-Microglobulin/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsunori Shiroishi
- *Division of Structural Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kimiko Kuroki
- *Division of Structural Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Linda Rasubala
- *Division of Structural Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan
| | - Izumi Kumagai
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba-yama 6-6-11-606, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; and
| | - Eiji Kurimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Koichi Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kohda
- *Division of Structural Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Katsumi Maenaka
- *Division of Structural Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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