1
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Wang J, Ran Y, Li Z, Zhao T, Zhang F, Wang J, Liu Z, Chen X. Salsolinol as an RNA m6A methylation inducer mediates dopaminergic neuronal death by regulating YAP1 and autophagy. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:887-899. [PMID: 38886960 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202503000-00032/figure1/v/2024-06-17T092413Z/r/image-tiff Salsolinol (1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, Sal) is a catechol isoquinoline that causes neurotoxicity and shares structural similarity with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, an environmental toxin that causes Parkinson's disease. However, the mechanism by which Sal mediates dopaminergic neuronal death remains unclear. In this study, we found that Sal significantly enhanced the global level of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation in PC12 cells, mainly by inducing the downregulation of the expression of m6A demethylases fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) and alkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5). RNA sequencing analysis showed that Sal downregulated the Hippo signaling pathway. The m6A reader YTH domain-containing family protein 2 (YTHDF2) promoted the degradation of m6A-containing Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) mRNA, which is a downstream key effector in the Hippo signaling pathway. Additionally, downregulation of YAP1 promoted autophagy, indicating that the mutual regulation between YAP1 and autophagy can lead to neurotoxicity. These findings reveal the role of Sal on m6A RNA methylation and suggest that Sal may act as an RNA methylation inducer mediating dopaminergic neuronal death through YAP1 and autophagy. Our results provide greater insights into the neurotoxic effects of catechol isoquinolines compared with other studies and may be a reference for assessing the involvement of RNA methylation in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Wang
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ran
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zihan Li
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhao
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zongjian Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuechai Chen
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Antiviral Drugs, College of Chemistry and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
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2
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Hao M, Chu J, Zhang T, Yin T, Gu Y, Liang W, Ji W, Zhuang J, Liu Y, Gao J, Yin Y. Nanomaterials-mediated lysosomal regulation: a robust protein-clearance approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:424-439. [PMID: 38819046 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a debilitating, progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive accumulation of abnormal proteins, including amyloid plaques and intracellular tau tangles, primarily within the brain. Lysosomes, crucial intracellular organelles responsible for protein degradation, play a key role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Some studies have suggested a link between the dysregulation of the lysosomal system and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Restoring the normal physiological function of lysosomes hold the potential to reduce the pathological burden and improve the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Currently, the efficacy of drugs in treating Alzheimer's disease is limited, with major challenges in drug delivery efficiency and targeting. Recently, nanomaterials have gained widespread use in Alzheimer's disease drug research owing to their favorable physical and chemical properties. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in using nanomaterials (polymeric nanomaterials, nanoemulsions, and carbon-based nanomaterials) to enhance lysosomal function in treating Alzheimer's disease. This review also explores new concepts and potential therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease through the integration of nanomaterials and modulation of lysosomal function. In conclusion, this review emphasizes the potential of nanomaterials in modulating lysosomal function to improve the pathological features of Alzheimer's disease. The application of nanotechnology to the development of Alzheimer's disease drugs brings new ideas and approaches for future treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Hao
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjian Chu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), Shanghai, China
| | - Tinglin Zhang
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Yin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), Shanghai, China
| | - Yuankai Gu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), Shanghai, China
| | - Wendanqi Liang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbo Ji
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Zhuang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - You Yin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital), Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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3
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Volta M. Roles of neuronal lysosomes in the etiology of Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1981-1983. [PMID: 38227525 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic progress in neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson's disease has been hampered by a lack of detailed knowledge of its molecular etiology. The advancements in genetics and genomics have provided fundamental insights into specific protein players and the cellular processes involved in the onset of disease. In this respect, the autophagy-lysosome system has emerged in recent years as a strong point of convergence for genetics, genomics, and pathologic indications, spanning both familial and idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Most, if not all, genes linked to familial disease are involved, in a regulatory capacity, in lysosome function (e.g., LRRK2, alpha-synuclein, VPS35, Parkin, and PINK1). Moreover, the majority of genomic loci associated with increased risk of idiopathic Parkinson's cluster in lysosome biology and regulation (GBA as the prime example). Lastly, neuropathologic evidence showed alterations in lysosome markers in autoptic material that, coupled to the alpha-synuclein proteinopathy that defines the disease, strongly indicate an alteration in functionality. In this Brief Review article, I present a personal perspective on the molecular and cellular involvement of lysosome biology in Parkinson's pathogenesis, aiming at a larger vision on the events underlying the onset of the disease. The attempts at targeting autophagy for therapeutic purposes in Parkinson's have been mostly aimed at "indiscriminately" enhancing its activity to promote the degradation and elimination of aggregate protein accumulations, such as alpha-synuclein Lewy bodies. However, this approach is based on the assumption that protein pathology is the root cause of disease, while pre-pathology and pre-degeneration dysfunctions have been largely observed in clinical and pre-clinical settings. In addition, it has been reported that unspecific boosting of autophagy can be detrimental. Thus, it is important to understand the mechanisms of specific autophagy forms and, even more, the adjustment of specific lysosome functionalities. Indeed, lysosomes exert fine signaling capacities in addition to their catabolic roles and might participate in the regulation of neuronal and glial cell functions. Here, I discuss hypotheses on these possible mechanisms, their links with etiologic and risk factors for Parkinson's disease, and how they could be targeted for disease-modifying purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Volta
- Institute for Biomedicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
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4
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Sophronea T, Agrawal S, Kumari N, Mishra J, Walecha V, Luthra PM. A 2AR antagonists triggered the AMPK/m-TOR autophagic pathway to reverse the calcium-dependent cell damage in 6-OHDA induced model of PD. Neurochem Int 2024; 178:105793. [PMID: 38880232 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Calcium dyshomeostasis, oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis are the pathogenesis of selective dopaminergic neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease (PD). Earlier, we reported that A2A R modulates IP3-dependent intracellular Ca2+ signalling via PKA. Moreover, A2A R antagonist has been reported to reduce oxidative stress and apoptosis in PD models, however intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) dependent autophagy regulation in the 6-OHDA model of PD has not been explored. In the present study, we investigated the A2A R antagonists mediated neuroprotective effects in 6-OHDA-induced primary midbrain neuronal (PMN) cells and unilateral lesioned rat model of PD. 6-OHDA-induced oxidative stress (ROS and superoxide) and [Ca2+]i was measured using Fluo4AM, DCFDA and DHE dye respectively. Furthermore, autophagy was assessed by Western blot of p-m-TOR/mTOR, p-AMPK/AMPK, LC3I/II, Beclin and β-actin. Apoptosis was measured by Annexin V-APC-PI detection and Western blot of Bcl2, Bax, caspase3 and β-actin. Dopamine levels were measured by Dopamine ELISA kit and Western blot of tyrosine hydroxylase. Our results suggest that 6-OHDA-induced PMN cell death occurred due to the interruption of [Ca2+]i homeostasis, accompanied by activation of autophagy and apoptosis. A2A R antagonists prevented 6-OHDA-induced neuronal cell death by decreasing [Ca2+]i overload and oxidative stress. In addition, we found that A2A R antagonists upregulated mTOR phosphorylation and downregulated AMPK phosphorylation thereby reducing autophagy and apoptosis both in 6-OHDA induced PMN cells and 6-OHDA unilateral lesioned rat model. In conclusion, A2A R antagonists alleviated 6-OHDA toxicity by modulating [Ca2+]i signalling to inhibit autophagy mediated by the AMPK/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuithung Sophronea
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, North Campus, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Saurabh Agrawal
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, North Campus, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Namrata Kumari
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, North Campus, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Jyoti Mishra
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, North Campus, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Vaishali Walecha
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, North Campus, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Pratibha Mehta Luthra
- Neuropharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, North Campus, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
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5
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Connelly EM, Rintala-Dempsey AC, Gundogdu M, Freeman EA, Koszela J, Aguirre JD, Zhu G, Kämäräinen O, Tadayon R, Walden H, Shaw GS. Capturing the catalytic intermediates of parkin ubiquitination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2403114121. [PMID: 39078678 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2403114121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkin is an E3 ubiquitin ligase implicated in early-onset forms of Parkinson's disease. It catalyzes a transthiolation reaction by accepting ubiquitin (Ub) from an E2 conjugating enzyme, forming a short-lived thioester intermediate, and transfers Ub to mitochondrial membrane substrates to signal mitophagy. A major impediment to the development of Parkinsonism therapeutics is the lack of structural and mechanistic detail for the essential, short-lived transthiolation intermediate. It is not known how Ub is recognized by the catalytic Rcat domain in parkin that enables Ub transfer from an E2~Ub conjugate to the catalytic site and the structure of the transthiolation complex is undetermined. Here, we capture the catalytic intermediate for the Rcat domain of parkin in complex with ubiquitin (Rcat-Ub) and determine its structure using NMR-based chemical shift perturbation experiments. We show that a previously unidentified α-helical region near the Rcat domain is unmasked as a recognition motif for Ub and guides the C-terminus of Ub toward the parkin catalytic site. Further, we apply a combination of guided AlphaFold modeling, chemical cross-linking, and single turnover assays to establish and validate a model of full-length parkin in complex with UbcH7, its donor Ub, and phosphoubiquitin, trapped in the process of transthiolation. Identification of this catalytic intermediate and orientation of Ub with respect to the Rcat domain provides important structural insights into Ub transfer by this E3 ligase and explains how the previously enigmatic Parkinson's pathogenic mutation T415N alters parkin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Connelly
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Anne C Rintala-Dempsey
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Mehmet Gundogdu
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - E Aisha Freeman
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Joanna Koszela
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Jacob D Aguirre
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Grace Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Outi Kämäräinen
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Roya Tadayon
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Helen Walden
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Gary S Shaw
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
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6
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Hafiz AA. The neuroprotective effect of vitamin D in Parkinson's disease: association or causation. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:870-886. [PMID: 37731327 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2259680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease (NDD) due to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DNs) in the substantia nigra (SN). PD is characterized by diverse motor symptoms such as rigidity, resting tremors, and bradykinesia, and non-motor symptoms such as cognitive dysfunction and sleep disturbances. Vitamin D (VD), VD receptor (VDR), and VD metabolites are present in the brain and play a role in maintaining the development, differentiation, and functions of the DNs. VDRs exert protective effects against PD neuropathology by modulating functional capacity and DNs neurotransmission in the SN. In virtue of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, VD could be effective in the prevention and treatment of PD. VD exerts a neuroprotective effect by reducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, and by increasing autophagy and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Low VD serum level is connected with cognitive dysfunction and the development of dementia in PD. The VD-mediated cognitive augmenting effect is interrelated to the safeguarding of synaptic plasticity and modulation of neurotransmitter release. VD deficiency is linked with the severity of olfactory dysfunction which precedes the progression of symptomatic PD. However, the precise role of VD in PD remains unidentified, and there is a conflict about whether treatment with VD can ameliorate PD or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin A Hafiz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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7
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Badae NM, Abdelmonsif DA, Aly RG, Omar AM, Shoela MS, Omar EM. Effect of spermidine on long non-coding RNAs MALAT1 in a rotenone induced-rat model of Parkinson's disease. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2024; 38:718-729. [PMID: 38279557 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spermidine is a natural biologically active substance that has widespread influences on the body. OBJECTIVE This study aims to enhance our understanding of the potential effect of spermidine on long non-coding RNA MALAT1 and explore the underlying mechanism in the rotenone-induced rat model of Parkinson's disease. METHODS Rats were sacrificed after locomotor behavioral testing. Striatal tissues were used to assess the expression of MALAT1, oxidative stress markers, and autophagy markers. RESULTS Our study found that treatment with spermidine for 2 weeks during the induction of the model significantly improved behavioral assessment, dopamine levels, and attenuated the histopathological changes that occurred in PD in comparison to the non-treated group. CONCLUSION Our preliminary study supports the protective effect of spermidine on the activation of autophagy and its antioxidant properties. Part of the antioxidant activity is due to the inhibition of MALAT1. However, MALAT1 does not correlate with the spermidine-induced autophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Mohamed Badae
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Abdelmonsif
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rania Gaber Aly
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amira M Omar
- Department of Histology & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mai S Shoela
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman M Omar
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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8
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Pramanik S, Harini Devi M, Chakrabarty S, Paylar B, Pradhan A, Thaker M, Ayyadhury S, Manavalan A, Olsson PE, Pramanik G, Heese K. Microglia Signaling in Health and Disease - Implications in Sex-Specific Brain Development and Plasticity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024:105834. [PMID: 39084583 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Microglia, the intrinsic neuroimmune cells residing in the central nervous system (CNS), exert a pivotal influence on brain development, homeostasis, and functionality, encompassing critical roles during both aging and pathological states. Recent advancements in comprehending brain plasticity and functions have spotlighted conspicuous variances between male and female brains, notably in neurogenesis, neuronal myelination, axon fasciculation, and synaptogenesis. Nevertheless, the precise impact of microglia on sex-specific brain cell plasticity, sculpting diverse neural network architectures and circuits, remains largely unexplored. This article seeks to unravel the present understanding of microglial involvement in brain development, plasticity, and function, with a specific emphasis on microglial signaling in brain sex polymorphism. Commencing with an overview of microglia in the CNS and their associated signaling cascades, we subsequently probe recent revelations regarding molecular signaling by microglia in sex-dependent brain developmental plasticity, functions, and diseases. Notably, C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1), triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), calcium (Ca2+), and apolipoprotein E (APOE) emerge as molecular candidates significantly contributing to sex-dependent brain development and plasticity. In conclusion, we address burgeoning inquiries surrounding microglia's pivotal role in the functional diversity of developing and aging brains, contemplating their potential implications for gender-tailored therapeutic strategies in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Pramanik
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
| | - M Harini Devi
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Saswata Chakrabarty
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Berkay Paylar
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro 70182, Sweden
| | - Ajay Pradhan
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro 70182, Sweden
| | - Manisha Thaker
- Eurofins Lancaster Laboratories, Inc., 2425 New Holland Pike, Lancaster 17601, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shamini Ayyadhury
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Arulmani Manavalan
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Per-Erik Olsson
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro 70182, Sweden
| | - Gopal Pramanik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India.
| | - Klaus Heese
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133791, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Kim S, Chun H, Kim Y, Kim Y, Park U, Chu J, Bhalla M, Choi SH, Yousefian-Jazi A, Kim S, Hyeon SJ, Kim S, Kim Y, Ju YH, Lee SE, Lee H, Lee K, Oh SJ, Hwang EM, Lee J, Lee CJ, Ryu H. Astrocytic autophagy plasticity modulates Aβ clearance and cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2024; 19:55. [PMID: 39044253 PMCID: PMC11267931 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-024-00740-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astrocytes, one of the most resilient cells in the brain, transform into reactive astrocytes in response to toxic proteins such as amyloid beta (Aβ) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, reactive astrocyte-mediated non-cell autonomous neuropathological mechanism is not fully understood yet. We aimed our study to find out whether Aβ-induced proteotoxic stress affects the expression of autophagy genes and the modulation of autophagic flux in astrocytes, and if yes, how Aβ-induced autophagy-associated genes are involved Aβ clearance in astrocytes of animal model of AD. METHODS Whole RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to detect gene expression patterns in Aβ-treated human astrocytes in a time-dependent manner. To verify the role of astrocytic autophagy in an AD mouse model, we developed AAVs expressing shRNAs for MAP1LC3B/LC3B (LC3B) and Sequestosome1 (SQSTM1) based on AAV-R-CREon vector, which is a Cre recombinase-dependent gene-silencing system. Also, the effect of astrocyte-specific overexpression of LC3B on the neuropathology in AD (APP/PS1) mice was determined. Neuropathological alterations of AD mice with astrocytic autophagy dysfunction were observed by confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Behavioral changes of mice were examined through novel object recognition test (NOR) and novel object place recognition test (NOPR). RESULTS Here, we show that astrocytes, unlike neurons, undergo plastic changes in autophagic processes to remove Aβ. Aβ transiently induces expression of LC3B gene and turns on a prolonged transcription of SQSTM1 gene. The Aβ-induced astrocytic autophagy accelerates urea cycle and putrescine degradation pathway. Pharmacological inhibition of autophagy exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in astrocytes. Astrocyte-specific knockdown of LC3B and SQSTM1 significantly increases Aβ plaque formation and GFAP-positive astrocytes in APP/PS1 mice, along with a significant reduction of neuronal marker and cognitive function. In contrast, astrocyte-specific overexpression of LC3B reduced Aβ aggregates in the brain of APP/PS1 mice. An increase of LC3B and SQSTM1 protein is found in astrocytes of the hippocampus in AD patients. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data indicates that Aβ-induced astrocytic autophagic plasticity is an important cellular event to modulate Aβ clearance and maintain cognitive function in AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhyun Kim
- K-Laboratory, Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejung Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei-SL Bigen Institute (YSLI), Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunha Kim
- K-Laboratory, Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeyun Kim
- K-Laboratory, Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Uiyeol Park
- K-Laboratory, Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Deaprtment of Medicine, Hanyang University Medical School, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Chu
- K-Laboratory, Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Mridula Bhalla
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hye Choi
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali Yousefian-Jazi
- K-Laboratory, Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojung Kim
- K-Laboratory, Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jae Hyeon
- K-Laboratory, Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungchan Kim
- K-Laboratory, Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonseo Kim
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Ha Ju
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Lee
- Research Animal Resource Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbeom Lee
- Center for Advanced Biomolecular Recognition, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungeun Lee
- Advanced Analysis and Data Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Oh
- K-Laboratory, Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Hwang
- Center for Brain Function, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghee Lee
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA.
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, 02130, USA.
| | - C Justin Lee
- Center for Cognition and Sociality, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34126, Republic of Korea.
- IBS School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hoon Ryu
- K-Laboratory, Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Converging Science and Technology, KHU-KIST, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Qiu Z, Deng X, Fu Y, Jiang M, Cui X. Exploring the triad: VPS35, neurogenesis, and neurodegenerative diseases. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 39022884 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Vacuolar protein sorting 35 (VPS35), a critical component of the retromer complex, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). It is involved in protein transmembrane sorting, facilitating the transport from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and plasma membrane. Recent investigations have compellingly associated mutations in the VPS35 gene with neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. These genetic alterations are implicated in protein misfolding, disrupted autophagic processes, mitochondrial dysregulation, and synaptic impairment. Furthermore, VPS35 exerts a notable impact on neurogenesis by influencing neuronal functionality, protein conveyance, and synaptic performance. Dysregulation or mutation of VPS35 may escalate the progression of neurodegenerative conditions, underscoring its pivotal role in safeguarding neuronal integrity. This review comprehensively discusses the role of VPS35 and its functional impairments in NDs. Furthermore, we provide an overview of the impact of VPS35 on neurogenesis and further explore the intricate relationship between neurogenesis and NDs. These research advancements offer novel perspectives and valuable insights for identifying potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixiong Qiu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xu Deng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yuan Fu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Mei Jiang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xiaojun Cui
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Tissue Engineering, Department of Human Anatomy, Dongguan Campus, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- School of Medicine, Kashi University, Xinjiang, China
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11
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Głowacka P, Oszajca K, Pudlarz A, Szemraj J, Witusik-Perkowska M. Postbiotics as Molecules Targeting Cellular Events of Aging Brain-The Role in Pathogenesis, Prophylaxis and Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Nutrients 2024; 16:2244. [PMID: 39064687 PMCID: PMC11279795 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is the most prominent risk factor for neurodegeneration occurrence. The most common neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases, are characterized by the incidence of proteinopathy, abnormal activation of glial cells, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, impaired autophagy and cellular senescence excessive for the patient's age. Moreover, mitochondrial disfunction, epigenetic alterations and neurogenesis inhibition, together with increased blood-brain barrier permeability and gut dysbiosis, have been linked to ND pathogenesis. Since NDs still lack curative treatment, recent research has sought therapeutic options in restoring gut microbiota and supplementing probiotic bacteria-derived metabolites with beneficial action to the host-so called postbiotics. The current review focuses on literature explaining cellular mechanisms involved in ND pathogenesis and research addressing the impact that postbiotics as a whole mixture and particular metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), lactate, polyamines, polyphenols, tryptophan metabolites, exopolysaccharides and bacterial extracellular vesicles, have on the ageing-associated processes underlying ND occurrence. The review also discusses the issue of implementing postbiotics into ND prophylaxis and therapy, depicting them as compounds addressing senescence-triggered dysfunctions that are worth translating from bench to pharmaceutical market in response to "silver consumers" demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pola Głowacka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Str., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.O.); (A.P.); (J.S.)
- International Doctoral School, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Oszajca
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Str., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.O.); (A.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Pudlarz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Str., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.O.); (A.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Janusz Szemraj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Str., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.O.); (A.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Monika Witusik-Perkowska
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 6/8 Mazowiecka Str., 92-215 Lodz, Poland; (P.G.); (K.O.); (A.P.); (J.S.)
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12
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Scholz K, Pattanayak R, Roschonporn E, Pair FS, Nobles A, Yacoubian TA. Rab27b promotes lysosomal function and alpha-synuclein clearance in neurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.20.599785. [PMID: 38979346 PMCID: PMC11230153 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.20.599785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (αsyn) is the key pathogenic protein implicated in synucleinopathies including Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB). In these diseases, αsyn is thought to spread between cells where it accumulates and induces pathology; however, mechanisms that drive its propagation or aggregation are poorly understood. We have previously reported that the small GTPase Rab27b is elevated in human PD and DLB and that it can mediate the autophagic clearance and toxicity of αsyn in a paracrine αsyn cell culture neuronal model. Here, we expanded our previous work and further characterized a role for Rab27b in neuronal lysosomal processing and αsyn clearance. We found that Rab27b KD in this αsyn inducible neuronal model resulted in lysosomal dysfunction and increased αsyn levels in lysosomes. Similar lysosomal proteolytic defects and enzymatic dysfunction were observed in both primary neuronal cultures and brain lysates from Rab27b knockout (KO) mice. αSyn aggregation was exacerbated in Rab27b KO neurons upon treatment with αsyn preformed fibrils. We found no changes in lysosomal counts or lysosomal pH in either model, but we did identify defects in acidic vesicle trafficking in Rab27b KO primary neurons which may drive lysosomal dysfunction and promote αsyn aggregation. Rab27b OE enhanced lysosomal activity and reduced insoluble αsyn accumulation. Finally we found elevated Rab27b levels in human postmortem incidental Lewy Body Disease (iLBD) subjects relative to healthy controls. These data suggest a role for Rab27b in neuronal lysosomal activity and identify it as a potential therapeutic target in synucleinopathies.
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Chiu CC, Chen YL, Weng YH, Liu SY, Li HL, Yeh TH, Wang HL. Downregulation of Protease Cathepsin D and Upregulation of Pathologic α-Synuclein Mediate Paucity of DNAJC6-Induced Degeneration of Dopaminergic Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6711. [PMID: 38928416 PMCID: PMC11204255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A homozygous mutation of the DNAJC6 gene causes autosomal recessive familial type 19 of Parkinson's disease (PARK19). To test the hypothesis that PARK19 DNAJC6 mutations induce the neurodegeneration of dopaminergic cells by reducing the protein expression of functional DNAJC6 and causing DNAJC6 paucity, an in vitro PARK19 model was constructed by using shRNA-mediated gene silencing of endogenous DANJC6 in differentiated human SH-SY5Y dopaminergic neurons. shRNA targeting DNAJC6 induced the neurodegeneration of dopaminergic cells. DNAJC6 paucity reduced the level of cytosolic clathrin heavy chain and the number of lysosomes in dopaminergic neurons. A DNAJC6 paucity-induced reduction in the lysosomal number downregulated the protein level of lysosomal protease cathepsin D and impaired macroautophagy, resulting in the upregulation of pathologic α-synuclein or phospho-α-synucleinSer129 in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. The expression of α-synuclein shRNA or cathepsin D blocked the DNAJC6 deficiency-evoked degeneration of dopaminergic cells. An increase in ER α-synuclein or phospho-α-synucleinSer129 caused by DNAJC6 paucity activated ER stress, the unfolded protein response and ER stress-triggered apoptotic signaling. The lack of DNAJC6-induced upregulation of mitochondrial α-synuclein depolarized the mitochondrial membrane potential and elevated the mitochondrial level of superoxide. The DNAJC6 paucity-evoked ER stress-related apoptotic cascade, mitochondrial malfunction and oxidative stress induced the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons via activating mitochondrial pro-apoptotic signaling. In contrast with the neuroprotective function of WT DNAJC6, the PARK19 DNAJC6 mutants (Q789X or R927G) failed to attenuate the tunicamycin- or rotenone-induced upregulation of pathologic α-synuclein and stimulation of apoptotic signaling. Our data suggest that PARK19 mutation-induced DNAJC6 paucity causes the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons via downregulating protease cathepsin D and upregulating neurotoxic α-synuclein. Our results also indicate that PARK19 mutation (Q789X or R927G) impairs the DNAJC6-mediated neuroprotective function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chi Chiu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Healthy Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ling Chen
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Hsin Weng
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kweishan, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Hon-Lun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Tu-Hsueh Yeh
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Li Wang
- Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Healthy Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kweishan, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
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14
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Li M, Wang H, Bai Y, Xiong F, Wu S, Bi Q, Qiao Y, Zhang Y, Li X, Feng L, Guo DA. Pharmacodynamical research of extracts and compounds in traditional Chinese medicines for Parkinson's disease. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106086. [PMID: 38897243 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease (AD). Currently, there is no cure for PD, and medications can only control the progression of the disease. Various experimental studies have shown the significant efficacy of TCM in treating PD, and combination with western medicine can enhance the effects and reduce toxicity. Thus, exploring effective anti-PD compounds from TCM has become a popular research fields. This review summarizes commonly used TCM extracts and natural products for the treatment of PD, both domestically and internationally. Furthermore, it delves into various mechanisms of TCM in treating PD, such as anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, improve mitochondrial dysfunction, inhibits α-synuclein (α-Syn) misfolding and aggregation, regulating neurotransmitters, regulates intestinal flora, enhances immunity, and so on. The results reveal that most TCMs exert their neuroprotective effects through anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress actions, thereby slowing down the progression of the disease. These TCM may hold the key to improving PD therapy and have tremendous potential to be developed as novel anti-PD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hanze Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuxin Bai
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fuyu Xiong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shifei Wu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qirui Bi
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yajun Qiao
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lin Feng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - De-An Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
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15
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Siddiqui T, Bhatt LK. Emerging autophagic endo-lysosomal targets in the management of Parkinson's disease. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2024; 180:477-485. [PMID: 37586941 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Synucleopathies, specifically Parkinson's disease, are still incurable and available therapeutic options are scarce and symptomatic. The autophagy-lysosomal-endosomal system is an indigenous mechanism to manage the proteome. Excess/misfolded protein accumulation activates this system, which degrades the undesired proteins via lysosomes. Cells also eliminate these proteins by releasing them into the extracellular space via exosomes. However, the sutophagy-lysosomal-endosomal system becomes unfunctional in Parkinson's disease and there is accumulation and spread of pathogenic alpha-synuclein. Neuronal degeneration results Owing to pathogenic alpha-synuclein. Thus, the autophagy-lysosomal-endosomal system could be a promising target for neuroprotection. In the present review, we discuss the autophagy-lysosomal-endosomal system as an emerging target for the management of Parkinson's disease. Modulation of these targets associated with the autophagy-lysosomal-endosomal system can aid in clearing pathogenic alpha-synuclein and prevent the degeneration of neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Doctor Bhanuben-Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India
| | - L K Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Doctor Bhanuben-Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India.
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16
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Kurepa J, Bruce KA, Gerhardt GA, Smalle JA. A Plant Model of α-Synucleinopathy: Expression of α-Synuclein A53T Variant in Hairy Root Cultures Leads to Proteostatic Stress and Dysregulation of Iron Metabolism. APPLIED BIOSCIENCES 2024; 3:233-249. [PMID: 38835931 PMCID: PMC11149894 DOI: 10.3390/applbiosci3020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Synucleinopathies, typified by Parkinson's disease (PD), entail the accumulation of α-synuclein (αSyn) aggregates in nerve cells. Various αSyn mutants, including the αSyn A53T variant linked to early-onset PD, increase the propensity for αSyn aggregate formation. In addition to disrupting protein homeostasis and inducing proteostatic stress, the aggregation of αSyn in PD is associated with an imbalance in iron metabolism, which increases the generation of reactive oxygen species and causes oxidative stress. This study explored the impact of αSyn A53T expression in transgenic hairy roots of four medicinal plants (Lobelia cardinalis, Artemisia annua, Salvia miltiorrhiza, and Polygonum multiflorum). In all tested plants, αSyn A53T expression triggered proteotoxic stress and perturbed iron homeostasis, mirroring the molecular profile observed in human and animal nerve cells. In addition to the common eukaryotic defense mechanisms against proteostatic and oxidative stresses, a plant stress response generally includes the biosynthesis of a diverse set of protective secondary metabolites. Therefore, the hairy root cultures expressing αSyn A53T offer a platform for identifying secondary metabolites that can ameliorate the effects of αSyn, thereby aiding in the development of possible PD treatments and/or treatments of synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Kurepa
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Martin-Gatton College of Agriculture Food and Environment, Kentucky Tobacco Research & Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Kristen A. Bruce
- Naprogenix, Inc., UK-AsTeCC, 145 Graham Avenue, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Greg A. Gerhardt
- Brain Restoration Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Jan A. Smalle
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Martin-Gatton College of Agriculture Food and Environment, Kentucky Tobacco Research & Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
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17
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Bao X, He Y, Huang L, Li H, Li Q, Huang Y. Sinomenine exerts a neuroprotective effect on PD mouse model through inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to enhance autophagy. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:301-309. [PMID: 35815397 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2100780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD), as a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease, is associated with autophagy. This study focused on the regulation of sinomenine (SN) on autophagy in PD and its related mechanism. METHODS The PD mouse model was constructed by MPTP inducement, and the mouse motor function after modeling and SN treatment was examined by rotarod, grip strength, and foot printing tests. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)/LC3B-positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of mouse brains were detected by immunofluorescence. The expressions of proteins related to autophagy (Beclin1, p62, LC3-I and LC3-II) and phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) signaling pathway were measured by western blot. Rescue experiments were performed to determine the effects of MHY1485 (mTOR activator) on SN-treated PD mice. RESULTS SN potentiated the motor ability in PD mice, promoted the survival of dopaminergic neurons, increased the protein expression level of Beclin1, LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and LC3B-positive neurons, lowered the protein expression level of p62 and inactivated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the substantia nigra tissue of mouse brains. Moreover, MHY1485 reversed the above effects of SN on PD mice via reactivating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSION SN augments the autophagy of dopaminergic neurons via inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and exerts a neuroprotective effect on PD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Bao
- Department of Geriatrics, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingchun He
- Department of Geriatrics, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haichang Li
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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18
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Al‐Qahtani Z, Al‐kuraishy HM, Al‐Gareeb AI, Albuhadily AK, Ali NH, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Saad HM, Batiha GE. The potential role of brain renin-angiotensin system in the neuropathology of Parkinson disease: Friend, foe or turncoat? J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18495. [PMID: 38899551 PMCID: PMC11187740 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases of the brain. Of note, brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is intricate in the PD neuropathology through modulation of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation. Therefore, modulation of brain RAS by angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) may be effective in reducing the risk and PD neuropathology. It has been shown that all components including the peptides and enzymes of the RAS are present in the different brain areas. Brain RAS plays a critical role in the regulation of memory and cognitive function, and in the controlling of central blood pressure. However, exaggerated brain RAS is implicated in the pathogenesis of different neurodegenerative diseases including PD. Two well-known pathways of brain RAS are recognized including; the classical pathway which is mainly mediated by AngII/AT1R has detrimental effects. Conversely, the non-classical pathway which is mostly mediated by ACE2/Ang1-7/MASR and AngII/AT2R has beneficial effects against PD neuropathology. Exaggerated brain RAS affects the viability of dopaminergic neurons. However, the fundamental mechanism of brain RAS in PD neuropathology was not fully elucidated. Consequently, the purpose of this review is to disclose the mechanistic role of RAS in in the pathogenesis of PD. In addition, we try to revise how the ACEIs and ARBs can be developed for therapeutics in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainah Al‐Qahtani
- Neurology Section, Internal Medicine Department, College of MedicineKing khaled universityAbhaSaudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M. Al‐kuraishy
- Clinical pharmacology and medicine, college of medicineMustansiriyah UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ali I. Al‐Gareeb
- Clinical pharmacology and medicine, college of medicineMustansiriyah UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Ali K. Albuhadily
- Clinical pharmacology and medicine, college of medicineMustansiriyah UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | - Naif H. Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical CollegeNajran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research & DevelopmentChandigarh UniversityMohaliIndia
- Department of Science and EngineeringNovel Global Community Educational FoundationHebershamNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of Research & Development, FunogenAthensGreece
- Department of Research & DevelopmentAFNP MedWienAustria
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery IIUniversity Hospital Witten‐HerdeckeWuppertalGermany
| | - Hebatallah M. Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMatrouh UniversityMatrouhEgypt
| | - Gaber El‐Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineDamanhour UniversityDamanhourAlBeheiraEgypt
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19
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Abou-Hany HO, El-Sherbiny M, Elshaer S, Said E, Moustafa T. Neuro-modulatory impact of felodipine against experimentally-induced Parkinson's disease: Possible contribution of PINK1-Parkin mitophagy pathway. Neuropharmacology 2024; 250:109909. [PMID: 38494124 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by motor and psychological dysfunction. Palliative treatment and dopamine replenishment therapy are the only available therapeutic options. Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) have been reported to protect against several neurodegenerative disorders. The current study was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective impact of Felodipine (10 mg/kg, orally) as a CCB on motor and biochemical dysfunction associated with experimentally induced PD using rotenone (2.5 mg/kg, IP) and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Rotenone induced deleterious neuromotor outcomes, typical of those associated with PD. The striatum revealed increased oxidative burden and NO levels with decreased antioxidant capacity. Nrf2 content significantly decreased with the accumulation of α-synuclein and tau proteins in both the substantia nigra and striatum. These observations significantly improved with felodipine treatment. Of note, felodipine increased dopamine levels in the substantia nigra and striatum as confirmed by the suppression of inflammation and the significant reduction in striatal NF-κB and TNF-α contents. Moreover, felodipine enhanced mitophagy, as confirmed by a significant increase in mitochondrial Parkin and suppression of LC3a/b and SQSTM1/p62. In conclusion, felodipine restored dopamine synthesis, attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, and improved the mitophagy process resulting in improved PD-associated motor impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer O Abou-Hany
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Sciences and Technology, Gamasa, 7730103, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, P.O. Box 71666, Riyadh, 11597, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sally Elshaer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Oncology Department, Memphis, TN, USA, 38105
| | - Eman Said
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, New Mansoura University, New Manoura, Egypt
| | - Tarek Moustafa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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20
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Lumpkin CJ, Patel H, Potts GK, Chaurasia S, Gibilisco L, Srivastava GP, Lee JY, Brown NJ, Amarante P, Williams JD, Karran E, Townsend M, Woods D, Ravikumar B. Broad proteomics analysis of seeding-induced aggregation of α-synuclein in M83 neurons reveals remodeling of proteostasis mechanisms that might contribute to Parkinson's disease pathogenesis. Mol Brain 2024; 17:26. [PMID: 38778381 PMCID: PMC11110445 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-024-01099-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aggregation of misfolded α-synuclein (α-syn) is a key characteristic feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) and related synucleinopathies. The nature of these aggregates and their contribution to cellular dysfunction is still not clearly elucidated. We employed mass spectrometry-based total and phospho-proteomics to characterize the underlying molecular and biological changes due to α-syn aggregation using the M83 mouse primary neuronal model of PD. We identified gross changes in the proteome that coincided with the formation of large Lewy body-like α-syn aggregates in these neurons. We used protein-protein interaction (PPI)-based network analysis to identify key protein clusters modulating specific biological pathways that may be dysregulated and identified several mechanisms that regulate protein homeostasis (proteostasis). The observed changes in the proteome may include both homeostatic compensation and dysregulation due to α-syn aggregation and a greater understanding of both processes and their role in α-syn-related proteostasis may lead to improved therapeutic options for patients with PD and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey J Lumpkin
- AbbVie, Cambridge Research Center, 200 Sidney Street Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Laboratory of Aging and Infertility Research, Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hiral Patel
- AbbVie, Cambridge Research Center, 200 Sidney Street Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Gregory K Potts
- Discovery Research, AbbVie Inc, 1 North Waukegan Rd, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Shilpi Chaurasia
- Excelra Knowledge Solutions Pvt Ltd, Uppal, Hyderabad, India, 500039
| | - Lauren Gibilisco
- Genomics Research Center, Computational Biology Neuroscience, AbbVie, Cambridge Research Center, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Gyan P Srivastava
- Data & Statistical Sciences, AbbVie, Cambridge Research Center, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Janice Y Lee
- Discovery Research, AbbVie Inc, 1 North Waukegan Rd, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Nathan J Brown
- Biotherapeutics, AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Drive, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Patricia Amarante
- AbbVie, Cambridge Research Center, 200 Sidney Street Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jon D Williams
- Discovery Research, AbbVie Inc, 1 North Waukegan Rd, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Eric Karran
- AbbVie, Cambridge Research Center, 200 Sidney Street Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Matthew Townsend
- AbbVie, Cambridge Research Center, 200 Sidney Street Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Dori Woods
- Laboratory of Aging and Infertility Research, Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Brinda Ravikumar
- AbbVie, Cambridge Research Center, 200 Sidney Street Cambridge, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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21
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Ali NH, Al‐Kuraishy HM, Al‐Gareeb AI, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, AlAseeri AA, Alruwaili M, Saad HM, Batiha GE. BDNF/TrkB activators in Parkinson's disease: A new therapeutic strategy. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18368. [PMID: 38752280 PMCID: PMC11096816 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of the brain and is manifested by motor and non-motor symptoms because of degenerative changes in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. PD neuropathology is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative damage and apoptosis. Thus, the modulation of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative damage and apoptosis by growth factors could be a novel boulevard in the management of PD. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase type B (TrkB) are chiefly involved in PD neuropathology. BDNF promotes the survival of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and enhances the functional activity of striatal neurons. Deficiency of the TrkB receptor triggers degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and accumulation of α-Syn in the substantia nigra. As well, BDNF/TrkB signalling is reduced in the early phase of PD neuropathology. Targeting of BDNF/TrkB signalling by specific activators may attenuate PD neuropathology. Thus, this review aimed to discuss the potential role of BDNF/TrkB activators against PD. In conclusion, BDNF/TrkB signalling is decreased in PD and linked with disease severity and long-term complications. Activation of BDNF/TrkB by specific activators may attenuate PD neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif H. Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical CollegeNajran UniversityNajranSaudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M. Al‐Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of MedicineMustansiriyah UniversityBaghdadIraq
| | | | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh UniversityMohaliPunjabIndia
- Department of Research and DevelopmentFunogenAthensGreece
- Department of Research and DevelopmentAFNP MedWienAustria
- Department of Science and EngineeringNovel Global Community Educational FoundationHebershamNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery IIUniversity Hospital Witten‐Herdecke, University of Witten‐HerdeckeWuppertalGermany
| | - Ali Abdullah AlAseeri
- Department of Internal MedicineCollege of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl‐KharjSaudi Arabia
| | - Mubarak Alruwaili
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of MedicineJouf UniversitySakakaSaudi Arabia
| | - Hebatallah M. Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineMatrouh UniversityMatrouhEgypt
| | - Gaber El‐Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineDamanhour UniversityDamanhourEgypt
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22
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Xu D, Dai J, Tang L, Pan J, Zhang H. Nontargeted metabolomics reveals sequential changes in amino acid and ferroptosis-related metabolism in Parkinson's disease. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5834. [PMID: 38308389 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is inseparable from metabolic disorders but lacks assessment of specific metabolite alteration. To explore the sequential metabolic changes in PD progression, we evenly divided 78 C57BL/6 mice (10 weeks) into six groups (one control group and five experimental groups) and collected the hippocampus tissue of mice after treating with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, and probenecid (twice a week) at five periods (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 weeks) for metabolome analysis. Our study identified 567 differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs) (total 4348 metabolites). Compared with controls, 145, 146, 171, 208, and 213 DAMs were obtained from the five experimental groups, respectively. Notably, 40 shared DAMs were present in five experimental groups, of which 22 shared DAMs formed a new metabolic network based on amino acid metabolism. Compared with group W3, 84 DAMs were identified in group W5, including 12 unique DAMs. DAMs in different stages of PD were significantly enriched in amino acid metabolism pathway, lipid metabolism pathway, and ferroptosis pathway. l-Glutamine, spermidine, and l-tryptophan were the key hubs in the whole metabolic process of PD. N-Formyl-l-methionine gradually increased in abundance with PD progression, whereas 5-methylcytosine gradually decreased. The study emphasized the sequential changes in DAMs in PD progression, stimulating subsequent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delai Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liuxing Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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23
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Ali NH, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Alnaaim SA, Saad HM, Batiha GES. The Molecular Pathway of p75 Neurotrophin Receptor (p75NTR) in Parkinson's Disease: The Way of New Inroads. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:2469-2480. [PMID: 37897634 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03727-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease of the brain. PD is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. The p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) is a functional receptor for different growth factors including pro-brain derived neurotrophic factor (pro-BDNF), neurotrophin 3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin 4 (NT-4). Consequently, this review aimed to illustrate the detrimental and beneficial role of p75NTR in PD. Diverse studies showed that p75NTR and its downstream signaling are intricate in the pathogenesis of PD. Nevertheless, pro-apoptotic and pro-survival pathways mediated by p75NTR in PD were not fully clarified. Of note, p75NTR plays a critical role in the regulation of dopaminergic neuronal survival and apoptosis in the CNS. Particularly, p75NTR can induce selective apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons and progression of PD. In addition, p75NTR signaling inhibits the expression of transcription factors which are essential for the survival of dopaminergic neurons. Also, p75NTR expression is connected with the severity of dopaminergic neuronal injury. These verdicts implicate p75NTR signaling in the pathogenesis of PD, though the underlying mechanistic pathways remain not elucidated. Collectively, the p75NTR signaling pathway induces a double-sword effect either detrimental or beneficial depending on the ligands and status of PD neuropathology. Therefore, p75NTR signaling seems to be protective via phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT and Bcl-2 and harmful via activation of JNK, caspase 3, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and RhoA pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif H Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical College, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Saud A Alnaaim
- Clinical Neurosciences Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, 51744, Matrouh, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
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24
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Ribarič S. The Contribution of Type 2 Diabetes to Parkinson's Disease Aetiology. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4358. [PMID: 38673943 PMCID: PMC11050090 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are chronic disorders that have a significant health impact on a global scale. Epidemiological, preclinical, and clinical research underpins the assumption that insulin resistance and chronic inflammation contribute to the overlapping aetiologies of T2D and PD. This narrative review summarises the recent evidence on the contribution of T2D to the initiation and progression of PD brain pathology. It also briefly discusses the rationale and potential of alternative pharmacological interventions for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samo Ribarič
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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25
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Cheslow L, Byrne M, Kopenhaver JS, Iacovitti L, Smeyne RJ, Snook AE, Waldman SA. GUCY2C signaling limits dopaminergic neuron vulnerability to toxic insults. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2024; 10:83. [PMID: 38615030 PMCID: PMC11016112 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-024-00697-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation within the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) are central drivers of dopaminergic (DA) neuron death in Parkinson's disease (PD). Guanylyl cyclases and their second messenger cyclic (c)GMP support mitochondrial function, protecting against ROS and promoting cell survival in several tissues. However, the role of the guanylyl cyclase-cGMP axis in defining the vulnerability of DA neurons in the SNpc in PD remains unclear, in part due to the challenge of manipulating cGMP levels selectively in midbrain DA neurons. In that context, guanylyl cyclase C (GUCY2C), a receptor primarily expressed by intestinal epithelial cells, was discovered recently in midbrain DA neurons. Here, we demonstrate that GUCY2C promotes mitochondrial function, reducing oxidative stress and protecting DA neurons from degeneration in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl- 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model. GUCY2C is overexpressed in the SNpc in PD patients and in mice treated with MPTP, possibly reflecting a protective response to oxidative stress. Moreover, cGMP signaling protects against oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairment, and cell death in cultured DA neurons. These observations reveal a previously unexpected role for the GUCY2C-cGMP signaling axis in controlling mitochondrial dysfunction and toxicity in SNpc DA neurons, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting DA neuron GUCY2C to prevent neurodegeneration in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Cheslow
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew Byrne
- Department of Neurosciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jessica S Kopenhaver
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lorraine Iacovitti
- Department of Neurosciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard J Smeyne
- Department of Neurosciences, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam E Snook
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Scott A Waldman
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, & Cancer Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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26
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Singh MK, Shin Y, Ju S, Han S, Choe W, Yoon KS, Kim SS, Kang I. Heat Shock Response and Heat Shock Proteins: Current Understanding and Future Opportunities in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4209. [PMID: 38673794 PMCID: PMC11050489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The heat shock response is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that protects cells or organisms from the harmful effects of various stressors such as heat, chemicals toxins, UV radiation, and oxidizing agents. The heat shock response triggers the expression of a specific set of genes and proteins known as heat shock genes/proteins or molecular chaperones, including HSP100, HSP90, HSP70, HSP60, and small HSPs. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a crucial role in thermotolerance and aiding in protecting cells from harmful insults of stressors. HSPs are involved in essential cellular functions such as protein folding, eliminating misfolded proteins, apoptosis, and modulating cell signaling. The stress response to various environmental insults has been extensively studied in organisms from prokaryotes to higher organisms. The responses of organisms to various environmental stressors rely on the intensity and threshold of the stress stimuli, which vary among organisms and cellular contexts. Studies on heat shock proteins have primarily focused on HSP70, HSP90, HSP60, small HSPs, and ubiquitin, along with their applications in human biology. The current review highlighted a comprehensive mechanism of heat shock response and explores the function of heat shock proteins in stress management, as well as their potential as therapeutic agents and diagnostic markers for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonhwa Shin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Songhyun Ju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhee Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonchae Choe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sik Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Insug Kang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (M.K.S.); (Y.S.); (S.J.); (S.H.); (W.C.); (K.-S.Y.)
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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27
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Shen YX, Lee PS, Teng MC, Huang JH, Wang CC, Fan HF. Influence of Cigarette Aerosol in Alpha-Synuclein Oligomerization and Cell Viability in SH-SY5Y: Implications for Parkinson's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1484-1500. [PMID: 38483468 PMCID: PMC10995954 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Although cigarette aerosol exposure is associated with various adverse health issues, its impact on Parkinson's disease (PD) remains elusive. Here, we investigated the effect of cigarette aerosol extract (CAE) on SH-SY5Y cells for the first time, both with and without α-synuclein (α-Syn) overexpression. We found that α-Syn aggravates CAE-induced cell death, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCCS) revealed a dual distribution of α-Syn within the cells, with homogeneous regions indicative of monomeric α-Syn and punctated regions, suggesting the formation of oligomers. Moreover, we observed colocalization of α-Syn oligomers with lysosomes along with a reduction in autophagy activity. These findings suggest that α-Syn overexpression exacerbates CAE-induced intracellular cytotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and autophagy dysregulation, leading to elevated cell mortality. Our findings provide new insights into the pathogenic mechanisms linking exposure to cigarette aerosols with neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xin Shen
- Institute
of Medical Science and Technology, National
Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Aerosol
Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen
University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Pe-Shuen Lee
- Institute
of Medical Science and Technology, National
Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Aerosol
Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen
University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chu Teng
- Institute
of Medical Science and Technology, National
Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Aerosol
Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen
University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Hong Huang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Aerosol
Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen
University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Chia C. Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Aerosol
Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen
University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Fang Fan
- Institute
of Medical Science and Technology, National
Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department
of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Aerosol
Science Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen
University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
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28
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Cao G, Kang T, Li N, Li P. Programmed cell death 4 blocks autophagy and promotes dopaminergic neuronal injury in Parkinson's disease. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:135. [PMID: 38476886 PMCID: PMC10928848 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of autophagy has previously been associated with the formation of toxic proteins, such as α-synuclein, in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In addition, it has been indicated that programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) can inhibit autophagy in certain conditions, such as diabetic nephropathy, atherosclerosis and cardiac hypertrophy. Therefore, the hypothesis that PDCD4 can promote dopaminergic neuron damage through autophagy was proposed. To explore this hypothesis, the present study treated human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) to establish an in vitro model of PD. The potential effects of PDCD4 knockdown on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, cell apoptosis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress and autophagy were then evaluated in this model of PD using an LDH assay kit, flow cytometry, western blotting, ELISA and immunofluorescence. The autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) was also applied to treat these cells, and its effects on these aforementioned parameters following PDCD4 knockdown were assessed. MPP+ was shown to increase the expression levels of PDCD4 in SK-N-SH cells. PDCD4 knockdown was revealed to suppress LDH release, cell apoptosis, secretion of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress. In addition, PDCD4 knockdown was demonstrated to enhance autophagy in cells treated with MPP+. By contrast, 3-MA treatment reversed the aforementioned effects of PDCD4 knockdown on cells, suggesting autophagy to be among the processes regulated by PDCD4 in SK-N-SH cells. The results of the present study suggested the existence of regulatory effects mediated by PDCD4 on autophagy in MPP+-induced SK-N-SH cells, offering potential future targets for PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiling Cao
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Tao Kang
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Nini Li
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Neurology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, P.R. China
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29
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Fahad EH, Al-Windy S, El-Sherbeni SA, Negm WA, Batiha GES. The effects of cholesterol and statins on Parkinson's neuropathology: a narrative review. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:917-925. [PMID: 38499742 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01400-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease of the brain characterized by motor symptoms including tremors, rigidity, postural instability, and bradykinesia. PD neuropathology is due to the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and accumulation of Lewy bodies in the survival neurons. The brain contains a largest amount of cholesterol which is mainly synthesized from astrocytes and glial cells. Cholesterol is intricate in the pathogenesis of PD and may be beneficial or deleterious. Therefore, there are controversial points concerning the role of cholesterol in PD neuropathology. In addition, cholesterol-lowering agents' statins can affect brain cholesterol. Different studies highlighted that statins, via inhibition of brain HMG-CoA, can affect neuronal integrity through suppression of neuronal cholesterol, which regulates synaptic plasticity and neurotransmitter release. Furthermore, statins affect the development and progression of different neurodegenerative diseases in bidirectional ways that could be beneficial or detrimental. Therefore, the objective of the present review was to clarify the double-sward effects of cholesterol and statins on PD neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 14132, Iraq
| | - Esraa H Fahad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, 14132, Iraq
| | - Salah Al-Windy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Suzy A El-Sherbeni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Walaa A Negm
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt.
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Faizan M, Sachan N, Verma O, Sarkar A, Rawat N, Pratap Singh M. Cerebrospinal fluid protein biomarkers in Parkinson's disease. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 556:117848. [PMID: 38417781 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Proteomic profiling is an effective way to identify biomarkers for Parkinson's disease (PD). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has direct connectivity with the brain and could be a source of finding biomarkers and their clinical implications. Comparative proteomic profiling has shown that a group of differentially displayed proteins exist. The studies performed using conventional and classical tools also supported the occurrence of these proteins. Many studies have highlighted the potential of CSF proteomic profiling for biomarker identification and their clinical applications. Some of these proteins are useful for disease diagnosis and prediction. Proteomic profiling of CSF also has immense potential to distinguish PD from similar neurodegenerative disorders. A few protein biomarkers help in fundamental knowledge generation and clinical interpretation. However, the specific biomarker of PD is not yet known. The use of proteomic approaches in clinical settings is also rare. A large-scale, multi-centric, multi-population and multi-continental study using multiple proteomic tools is warranted. Such a study can provide valuable, comprehensive and reliable information for a better understanding of PD and the development of specific biomarkers. The current article sheds light on the role of CSF proteomic profiling in identifying biomarkers of PD and their clinical implications. The article also explains the achievements, obstacles and hopes for future directions of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Faizan
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Sachan
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Oyashvi Verma
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alika Sarkar
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neeraj Rawat
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahendra Pratap Singh
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India; Capacity Building and Knowledge Services, ASSIST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Kandel R, Jung J, Neal S. Proteotoxic stress and the ubiquitin proteasome system. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 156:107-120. [PMID: 37734998 PMCID: PMC10807858 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system maintains protein homeostasis by regulating the breakdown of misfolded proteins, thereby preventing misfolded protein aggregates. The efficient elimination is vital for preventing damage to the cell by misfolded proteins, known as proteotoxic stress. Proteotoxic stress can lead to the collapse of protein homeostasis and can alter the function of the ubiquitin proteasome system. Conversely, impairment of the ubiquitin proteasome system can also cause proteotoxic stress and disrupt protein homeostasis. This review examines two impacts of proteotoxic stress, 1) disruptions to ubiquitin homeostasis (ubiquitin stress) and 2) disruptions to proteasome homeostasis (proteasome stress). Here, we provide a mechanistic description of the relationship between proteotoxic stress and the ubiquitin proteasome system. This relationship is illustrated by findings from several protein misfolding diseases, mainly neurodegenerative diseases, as well as from basic biology discoveries from yeast to mammals. In addition, we explore the importance of the ubiquitin proteasome system in endoplasmic reticulum quality control, and how proteotoxic stress at this organelle is alleviated. Finally, we highlight how cells utilize the ubiquitin proteasome system to adapt to proteotoxic stress and how the ubiquitin proteasome system can be genetically and pharmacologically manipulated to maintain protein homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Kandel
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Jasmine Jung
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Sonya Neal
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
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Ren YL, Jiang Z, Wang JY, He Q, Li SX, Gu XJ, Qi YR, Zhang M, Yang WJ, Cao B, Li JY, Wang Y, Chen YP. Loss of CHCHD2 Stability Coordinates with C1QBP/CHCHD2/CHCHD10 Complex Impairment to Mediate PD-Linked Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04090-y. [PMID: 38453793 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04090-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Novel CHCHD2 mutations causing C-terminal truncation and interrupted CHCHD2 protein stability in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients were previously found. However, there is limited understanding of the underlying mechanism and impact of subsequent CHCHD2 loss-of-function on PD pathogenesis. The current study further identified the crucial motif (aa125-133) responsible for diminished CHCHD2 expression and the molecular interplay within the C1QBP/CHCHD2/CHCHD10 complex to regulate mitochondrial functions. Specifically, CHCHD2 deficiency led to decreased neural cell viability and mitochondrial structural and functional impairments, paralleling the upregulation of autophagy under cellular stresses. Meanwhile, as a binding partner of CHCHD2, C1QBP was found to regulate the stability of CHCHD2 and CHCHD10 proteins to maintain the integrity of the C1QBP/CHCHD2/CHCHD10 complex. Moreover, C1QBP-silenced neural cells displayed severe cell death phenotype along with mitochondrial damage that initiated a significant mitophagy process. Taken together, the evidence obtained from our in vitro and in vivo studies emphasized the critical role of CHCHD2 in regulating mitochondria functions via coordination among CHCHD2, CHCHD10, and C1QBP, suggesting the potential mechanism by which CHCHD2 function loss takes part in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Lin Ren
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia-Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No.37. Guoxue AlleySichuan Province, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Si-Xu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Gu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang-Ran Qi
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen-Jie Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing-Yu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Ullah I, Uddin S, Zhao L, Wang X, Li H. Autophagy and UPS pathway contribute to nicotine-induced protection effect in Parkinson's disease. Exp Brain Res 2024:10.1007/s00221-023-06765-9. [PMID: 38430248 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06765-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The gradual nature of age-related neurodegeneration causes Parkinson's disease (PD) and impairs movement, memory, intellectual ability, and social interaction. One of the most prevalent neurodegenerative conditions affecting the central nervous system (CNS) among the elderly is PD. PD affects both motor and cognitive functions. Degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons and buildup of the protein α-synuclein (α-Syn) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) are two major causes of this disorder. Both UPS and ALS systems serve to eliminate α-Syn. Autophagy and UPS deficits, shortened life duration, and lipofuscin buildup accelerate PD. This sickness has no cure. Innovative therapies are halting PD progression. Bioactive phytochemicals may provide older individuals with a natural substitute to help delay the onset of neurodegenerative illnesses. This study examines whether nicotine helps transgenic C. elegans PD models. According to numerous studies, nicotine enhances synaptic plasticity and dopaminergic neuronal survival. Upgrades UPS pathways, increases autophagy, and decreases oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. At 100, 150, and 200 µM nicotine levels, worms showed reduced α-Syn aggregation, repaired DA neurotoxicity after 6-OHDA intoxication, increased lifetime, and reduced lipofuscin accumulation. Furthermore, nicotine triggered autophagy and UPS. We revealed nicotine's potential as a UPS and autophagy activator to prevent PD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inam Ullah
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shahab Uddin
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Longhe Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Hongyu Li
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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Wang Q, Bu C, Wang H, Zhang B, Chen Q, Shi D, Chi L. Distinct mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of low-molecular-weight heparin and chondroitin sulfate on Parkinson's disease. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129846. [PMID: 38296150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder influenced by various factors, including age, genetics, and the environment. Current treatments provide symptomatic relief without impeding disease progression. Previous studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of exogenous heparin and chondroitin sulfate in PD. However, their therapeutic mechanisms and structure-activity relationships remain poorly understood. In this study, low-molecular-weight heparin (L-HP) and chondroitin sulfate (L-CS) exhibited favorable therapeutic effects in a mouse model of PD. Proteomics revealed that L-HP attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction through its antioxidant properties, whereas L-CS suppressed neuroinflammation by inhibiting platelet activation. Two glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-binding proteins, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD2) and fibrinogen beta chain (FGB), were identified as potential targets of L-HP and L-CS, and we investigated their structure-activity relationships. The IdoA2S-GlcNS6S/GlcNAc6S unit in HP bound to SOD2, whereas the GlcA-GalNAc4S and GlcA-GalNAc4S6S units in CS preferred FGB. Furthermore, N-S and 2-O-S in L-HP, and 4-O-S, 6-O-S, and -COOH in L-CS contributed significantly to the binding process. These findings provide new insights and evidence for the development and use of glycosaminoglycan-based therapeutics for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchi Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao 266200, China; Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou 311231, China
| | - Changkai Bu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao 266200, China
| | - Haoran Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao 266200, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao 266200, China
| | - Qingqing Chen
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao 266200, China
| | - Deling Shi
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao 266200, China
| | - Lianli Chi
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao 266200, China.
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Gu R, Bai L, Yan F, Zhang S, Zhang X, Deng R, Zeng X, Sun B, Hu X, Li Y, Bai J. Thioredoxin-1 decreases alpha-synuclein induced by MPTP through promoting autophagy-lysosome pathway. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:93. [PMID: 38388451 PMCID: PMC10884002 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01848-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the formation of Lewy body in dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is a major component of Lewy body. Autophagy eliminates damaged organelles and abnormal aggregated proteins. Thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) is a redox regulating protein and plays roles in protecting dopaminergic neurons against neurotoxicity induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). However, the relationship between Trx-1 and α-syn in PD is still unknown. In the present study, the movement disorder and dopaminergic neurotoxicity in MPTP-treated mice were improved by Trx-1 overexpression and were aggravated by Trx-1 knockdown in the SNpc in mice. The expression of α-syn was increased in the SNpc of MPTP-treated mice, which was inhibited by Trx-1 overexpression and was exacerbated in Trx-1 knockdown mice. Autophagosomes was increased under electron microscope after MPTP treatment, which were recovered in Trx-1 overexpressing mice and were further increased in Trx-1 knockdown in the SNpc in mice. The expressions of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN)-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin, LC3 II and p62 were increased by MPTP, which were blocked in Trx-1 overexpressing mice and were further increased in Trx-1 knockdown mice. Cathepsin D was decreased by MPTP, which was restored in Trx-1 overexpressing mice and was further decreased in Trx-1 knockdown mice. The mRFP-GFP-LC3 green fluorescent dots were increased by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and further increased in Trx-1 siRNA transfected PC12 cells, while mRFP-GFP-LC3 red fluorescent dots were increased in Trx-1 overexpressing cells. These results indicate that Trx-1 may eliminate α-syn in PD mice through potentiating autophagy-lysosome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Gu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Liping Bai
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Fang Yan
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Se Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xianwen Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Ruhua Deng
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xiansi Zeng
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaomei Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Ye Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Jie Bai
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
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Pinjala P, Tryphena KP, Kulkarni A, Goswami PG, Khatri DK. Dimethyl Fumarate Exerts a Neuroprotective Effect by Enhancing Mitophagy via the NRF2/BNIP3/PINK1 Axis in the MPP + Iodide-Induced Parkinson's Disease Mice Model. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2024; 8:329-344. [PMID: 38405353 PMCID: PMC10894611 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder linked to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Mitophagy, mitochondrial selective autophagy, is critical in maintaining mitochondrial and subsequently neuronal homeostasis. Its impairment is strongly implicated in PD and is associated with accelerated neurodegeneration. Objective To study the positive effect of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) on mitophagy via the NRF2/BNIP3/PINK1 axis activation in PD disease models. Methods The neuroprotective effect of DMF was explored in in vitro and in vivo PD models. MTT assay was performed to determine the DMF dose followed by JC-1 assay to study its mitoprotective effect in MPP+ exposed SHSY5Y cells. For the in vivo study, C57BL/6 mice were divided into six groups: Normal Control (NC), Disease Control (DC), Sham (Saline i.c.v.), Low Dose (MPP+ iodide+DMF 15 mg/kg), Mid Dose (MPP+ iodide+DMF 30 mg/kg), and High Dose (MPP+ iodide+DMF 60 mg/kg). The neuroprotective effect of DMF was assessed by performing rotarod, open field test, and pole test, and biochemical parameter analysis using immunofluorescence, western blot, and RT-PCR. Results DMF treatment significantly alleviated the loss of TH positive dopaminergic neurons and enhanced mitophagy by increasing PINK1, Parkin, BNIP3, and LC3 levels in the MPP+ iodide-induced PD mice model. DMF treatment groups showed good locomotor activity and rearing time when compared to the DC group. Conclusions DMF confers neuroprotection by activating the BNIP3/PINK1/Parkin pathway, enhancing the autophagosome formation via LC3, and improving mitophagy in PD models, and could be a potential therapeutic option in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poojitha Pinjala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Amrita Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Prince Giri Goswami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Lab, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) Deemed-to-be-University, Mumbai, India
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Turkistani A, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Albuhadily AK, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Elfiky MM, Saad HM, Batiha GES. Therapeutic Potential Effect of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta (GSK-3β) Inhibitors in Parkinson Disease: Exploring an Overlooked Avenue. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04003-z. [PMID: 38367137 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04003-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the brain due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) is implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. Therefore, the purpose of the present review was to revise the mechanistic role of GSK-3β in PD neuropathology, and how GSK-3β inhibitors affect PD neuropathology. GSK-3 is a conserved threonine/serine kinase protein that is intricate in the regulation of cellular anabolic and catabolic pathways by modulating glycogen synthase. Over-expression of GSK-3β is also interconnected with the development of different neurodegenerative diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of GSK-3β in PD neuropathology is not fully clarified. Over-expression of GSK-3β induces the development of PD by triggering mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the dopaminergic neurons of the SN. NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome are activated in response to dysregulated GSK-3β in PD leading to progressive neuronal injury. Higher expression of GSK-3β in the early stages of PD neuropathology might contribute to the reduction of neuroprotective brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Thus, GSK-3β inhibitors may be effective in PD by reducing inflammatory and oxidative stress disorders which are associated with degeneration of dopaminergic in the SN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areej Turkistani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Taif University, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali K Albuhadily
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box 14132, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Research & Development, Funogen, Athens, Greece
- Department of Research & Development, AFNP Med, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, University of Witten-Herdecke, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Mohamed M Elfiky
- Anatomy Department, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Al Minufya, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, 51744, Egypt
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
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Vicente M, Addo-Osafo K, Vossel K. Latest advances in mechanisms of epileptic activity in Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy Bodies. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1277613. [PMID: 38390593 PMCID: PMC10882721 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1277613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) stand as the prevailing sources of neurodegenerative dementia, impacting over 55 million individuals across the globe. Patients with AD and DLB exhibit a higher prevalence of epileptic activity compared to those with other forms of dementia. Seizures can accompany AD and DLB in early stages, and the associated epileptic activity can contribute to cognitive symptoms and exacerbate cognitive decline. Aberrant neuronal activity in AD and DLB may be caused by several mechanisms that are not yet understood. Hyperexcitability could be a biomarker for early detection of AD or DLB before the onset of dementia. In this review, we compare and contrast mechanisms of network hyperexcitability in AD and DLB. We examine the contributions of genetic risk factors, Ca2+ dysregulation, glutamate, AMPA and NMDA receptors, mTOR, pathological amyloid beta, tau and α-synuclein, altered microglial and astrocytic activity, and impaired inhibitory interneuron function. By gaining a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms that cause neuronal hyperexcitability, we might uncover therapeutic approaches to effectively ease symptoms and slow down the advancement of AD and DLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Vicente
- Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Research and Care, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kwaku Addo-Osafo
- Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Research and Care, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Keith Vossel
- Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Research and Care, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Carreras Mascaro A, Grochowska MM, Boumeester V, Dits NFJ, Bilgiҫ EN, Breedveld GJ, Vergouw L, de Jong FJ, van Royen ME, Bonifati V, Mandemakers W. LRP10 and α-synuclein transmission in Lewy body diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:75. [PMID: 38315424 PMCID: PMC10844361 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05135-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant variants in LRP10 have been identified in patients with Lewy body diseases (LBDs), including Parkinson's disease (PD), Parkinson's disease-dementia (PDD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Nevertheless, there is little mechanistic insight into the role of LRP10 in disease pathogenesis. In the brains of control individuals, LRP10 is typically expressed in non-neuronal cells like astrocytes and neurovasculature, but in idiopathic and genetic cases of PD, PDD, and DLB, it is also present in α-synuclein-positive neuronal Lewy bodies. These observations raise the questions of what leads to the accumulation of LRP10 in Lewy bodies and whether a possible interaction between LRP10 and α-synuclein plays a role in disease pathogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that wild-type LRP10 is secreted via extracellular vesicles (EVs) and can be internalised via clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Additionally, we show that LRP10 secretion is highly sensitive to autophagy inhibition, which induces the formation of atypical LRP10 vesicular structures in neurons in human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-derived brain organoids. Furthermore, we show that LRP10 overexpression leads to a strong induction of monomeric α-synuclein secretion, together with time-dependent, stress-sensitive changes in intracellular α-synuclein levels. Interestingly, patient-derived astrocytes carrying the c.1424 + 5G > A LRP10 variant secrete aberrant high-molecular-weight species of LRP10 in EV-free media fractions. Finally, we show that this truncated patient-derived LRP10 protein species (LRP10splice) binds to wild-type LRP10, reduces LRP10 wild-type levels, and antagonises the effect of LRP10 on α-synuclein levels and distribution. Together, this work provides initial evidence for a possible functional role of LRP10 in LBDs by modulating intra- and extracellular α-synuclein levels, and pathogenic mechanisms linked to the disease-associated c.1424 + 5G > A LRP10 variant, pointing towards potentially important disease mechanisms in LBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carreras Mascaro
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martyna M Grochowska
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Valerie Boumeester
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Natasja F J Dits
- Department of Urology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ece Naz Bilgiҫ
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guido J Breedveld
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leonie Vergouw
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Jan de Jong
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin E van Royen
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Bonifati
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Mandemakers
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Hamash SM, Jabir MS, Al-Gareeb AI, Albuhadily AK, Albukhaty S, Sulaiman GM. The classical and non-classical axes of renin-angiotensin system in Parkinson disease: The bright and dark side of the moon. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 94:102200. [PMID: 38237699 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a common brain neurodegenerative disease due to progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Of note, the cardio-metabolic disorders such as hypertension are adversely affect PD neuropathology through exaggeration of renin-angiotensin system (RAS). The RAS affects the stability of dopaminergic neurons in the SNpc, and exaggeration of angiotensin II (AngII) is implicated in the development and progression of PD. RAS has two axes classical including angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)/AngII/AT1R, and the non-classical axis which include ACE2/Ang1-7/Mas receptor, AngIII, AngIV, AT2R, and AT4R. It has been shown that brain RAS is differs from that of systemic RAS that produce specific neuronal effects. As well, there is an association between brain RAS and PD. Therefore, this review aims to revise from published articles the role of brain RAS in the pathogenesis of PD focusing on the non-classical pathway, and how targeting of this axis can modulate PD neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sadiq M Al-Hamash
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Majid S Jabir
- Department of Applied science, University of technology, Iraq.
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali K Albuhadily
- Department of Clinical pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Salim Albukhaty
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Misan, Maysan 62001, Iraq
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Casciano F, Zauli E, Celeghini C, Caruso L, Gonelli A, Zauli G, Pignatelli A. Retinal Alterations Predict Early Prodromal Signs of Neurodegenerative Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1689. [PMID: 38338966 PMCID: PMC10855697 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are an increasingly common group of diseases that occur late in life with a significant impact on personal, family, and economic life. Among these, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the major disorders that lead to mild to severe cognitive and physical impairment and dementia. Interestingly, those diseases may show onset of prodromal symptoms early after middle age. Commonly, the evaluation of these neurodegenerative diseases is based on the detection of biomarkers, where functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have shown a central role in revealing early or prodromal phases, although it can be expensive, time-consuming, and not always available. The aforementioned diseases have a common impact on the visual system due to the pathophysiological mechanisms shared between the eye and the brain. In Parkinson's disease, α-synuclein deposition in the retinal cells, as well as in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra, alters the visual cortex and retinal function, resulting in modifications to the visual field. Similarly, the visual cortex is modified by the neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic amyloid β plaques typically seen in the Alzheimer's disease brain, and this may reflect the accumulation of these biomarkers in the retina during the early stages of the disease, as seen in postmortem retinas of AD patients. In this light, the ophthalmic evaluation of retinal neurodegeneration could become a cost-effective method for the early diagnosis of those diseases, overcoming the limitations of functional and structural imaging of the deep brain. This analysis is commonly used in ophthalmic practice, and interest in it has risen in recent years. This review will discuss the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease with retinal degeneration, highlighting how retinal analysis may represent a noninvasive and straightforward method for the early diagnosis of these neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Casciano
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Enrico Zauli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Claudio Celeghini
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Caruso
- Department of Environment and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Arianna Gonelli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialistic Hospital, Riyadh 12329, Saudi Arabia
| | - Angela Pignatelli
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
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Rajan S, Sood A, Jain R, Kamatham PT, Khatri DK. Fingolimod exerts neuroprotection by regulating S1PR1 mediated BNIP3-PINK1-Parkin dependent mitophagy in rotenone induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Neurosci Lett 2024; 820:137596. [PMID: 38101611 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The motor impairments brought on by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra are the most well-known symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is believed that dopaminergic neurons are especially vulnerable to mitochondrial malfunction. For the maintenance of mitochondrial integrity, selective autophagic removal of dysfunctional mitochondria via mitophagy primarily regulated by PINK1/Parkin pathway is essential. Moreover, newer studies also implicate the role of phospholipid metabolism, such as that of Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) as a contributor to PD. S1P receptors have been reported to influence mitochondrial function in neurodegenerative diseases. Fingolimod (FTY720), an S1P receptor-1 modulator has been proven effective in PD but its regulation of mitophagy in PD is still elusive. In this study, the neuroprotective effect of FTY720 by modulating mitophagy, has been explored against rotenone (ROT) induced neurotoxicity in in-vivo. The animals were randomly divided into 5 groups namely, Normal Control (NC); Disease control (DC): ROT (1.5 mg/kg); Low dose (LD): ROT + FTY720 (0.5 mg/kg); High dose (HD): ROT + FTY720 (1 mg/kg) and Vehicle control (VC): 1 % DMSO. ROT was administered through i.p. and FTY720 through p.o. for 21 days. At the end of the study, various neurobehavioral studies (rotarod test and actimeter), western blot techniques, and immunofluorescence studies were performed. FTY720 restored the neurobehavioural functions and protein expression of PINK1, Parkin and BNIP3 in ROT-induced PD mice. The results obtained in our study suggest that FTY720 has a neuroprotective effect in ROT-induced mice model of PD via PINK1-Parkin mediated mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Rajan
- Molecular & Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Anika Sood
- Molecular & Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Rachit Jain
- Molecular & Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Pushpa Tryphena Kamatham
- Molecular & Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Molecular & Cellular Neuroscience Lab, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hyderabad, Telangana 500037, India.
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Radulovic M, Stenmark H. Lysophagy prevents neurotoxic aggregate transmission. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2321181121. [PMID: 38190545 PMCID: PMC10801843 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321181121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Radulovic
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Montebello, OsloN-0379, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, OsloN-0379, Norway
| | - Harald Stenmark
- Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Montebello, OsloN-0379, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Montebello, OsloN-0379, Norway
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44
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Kakuda K, Ikenaka K, Kuma A, Doi J, Aguirre C, Wang N, Ajiki T, Choong CJ, Kimura Y, Badawy SMM, Shima T, Nakamura S, Baba K, Nagano S, Nagai Y, Yoshimori T, Mochizuki H. Lysophagy protects against propagation of α-synuclein aggregation through ruptured lysosomal vesicles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2312306120. [PMID: 38147546 PMCID: PMC10769825 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312306120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuron-to-neuron propagation of misfolded α-synuclein (αSyn) aggregates is thought to be key to the pathogenesis of synucleinopathies. Recent studies have shown that extracellular αSyn aggregates taken up by the endosomal-lysosomal system can rupture the lysosomal vesicular membrane; however, it remains unclear whether lysosomal rupture leads to the transmission of αSyn aggregation. Here, we applied cell-based αSyn propagation models to show that ruptured lysosomes are the pathway through which exogenous αSyn aggregates transmit aggregation, and furthermore, this process was prevented by lysophagy, i.e., selective autophagy of damaged lysosomes. αSyn aggregates accumulated predominantly in lysosomes, causing their rupture, and seeded the aggregation of endogenous αSyn, initially around damaged lysosomes. Exogenous αSyn aggregates induced the accumulation of LC3 on lysosomes. This LC3 accumulation was not observed in cells in which a key regulator of autophagy, RB1CC1/FIP200, was knocked out and was confirmed as lysophagy by transmission electron microscopy. Importantly, RB1CC1/FIP200-deficient cells treated with αSyn aggregates had increased numbers of ruptured lysosomes and enhanced propagation of αSyn aggregation. Furthermore, various types of lysosomal damage induced using lysosomotropic reagents, depletion of lysosomal enzymes, or more toxic species of αSyn fibrils also exacerbated the propagation of αSyn aggregation, and impaired lysophagy and lysosomal membrane damage synergistically enhanced propagation. These results indicate that lysophagy prevents exogenous αSyn aggregates from escaping the endosomal-lysosomal system and transmitting aggregation to endogenous cytosolic αSyn via ruptured lysosomal vesicles. Our findings suggest that the progression and severity of synucleinopathies are associated with damage to lysosomal membranes and impaired lysophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Kakuda
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Kensuke Ikenaka
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Akiko Kuma
- Department of Genetics, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Junko Doi
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - César Aguirre
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ajiki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Chi-Jing Choong
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Kimura
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Shaymaa Mohamed Mohamed Badawy
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig44519, Egypt
| | - Takayuki Shima
- Department of Genetics, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Shuhei Nakamura
- Department of Biochemistry, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara634-8521, Japan
| | - Kousuke Baba
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Seiichi Nagano
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Department of Neurotherapeutics, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nagai
- Department of Neurology, Kindai University, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-sayama, Osaka589-8511, Japan
| | - Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Department of Genetics, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University, Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
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Srivastav S, van der Graaf K, Jonnalagadda PC, Thawani M, McNew JA, Stern M. Motor neuron activity enhances the proteomic stress caused by autophagy defects in the target muscle. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0291477. [PMID: 38166124 PMCID: PMC10760831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Several lines of evidence demonstrate that increased neuronal excitability can enhance proteomic stress. For example, epilepsy can enhance the proteomic stress caused by the expression of certain aggregation-prone proteins implicated in neurodegeneration. However, unanswered questions remain concerning the mechanisms by which increased neuronal excitability accomplishes this enhancement. Here we test whether increasing neuronal excitability at a particular identified glutamatergic synapse, the Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction, can enhance the proteomic stress caused by mutations in the ER fusion/GTPase gene atlastin (atl). It was previously shown that larval muscle from the atl2 null mutant is defective in autophagy and accumulates protein aggregates containing ubiquitin (poly-UB aggregates). To determine if increased neuronal excitability might enhance the increased proteomic stress caused by atl2, we activated the TrpA1-encoded excitability channel within neurons. We found that TrpA1 activation had no effect on poly-UB aggregate accumulation in wildtype muscle, but significantly increased poly-UB aggregate number in atl2 muscle. Previous work has shown that atl loss from either neuron or muscle increases muscle poly-UB aggregate number. We found that neuronal TrpA1 activation enhanced poly-UB aggregate number when atl was removed from muscle, but not from neuron. Neuronal TrpA1 activation enhanced other phenotypes conferred by muscle atl loss, such as decreased pupal size and decreased viability. Taken together, these results indicate that the proteomic stress caused by muscle atl loss is enhanced by increasing neuronal excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Srivastav
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Kevin van der Graaf
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | | | - Maanvi Thawani
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - James A. McNew
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Michael Stern
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United States of America
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Srivastav S, van der Graaf K, Singh P, Utama AB, Meyer MD, McNew JA, Stern M. Atl (atlastin) regulates mTor signaling and autophagy in Drosophila muscle through alteration of the lysosomal network. Autophagy 2024; 20:131-150. [PMID: 37649246 PMCID: PMC10761077 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2249794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
ABBREVIATIONS atl atlastin; ALR autophagic lysosome reformation; ER endoplasmic reticulum; GFP green fluorescent protein; HSP hereditary spastic paraplegia; Lamp1 lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 PolyUB polyubiquitin; RFP red fluorescent protein; spin spinster; mTor mechanistic Target of rapamycin; VCP valosin containing protein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pratibha Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Matthew D. Meyer
- Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - James A. McNew
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Stern
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
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Kapil L, Kumar V, Kaur S, Sharma D, Singh C, Singh A. Role of Autophagy and Mitophagy in Neurodegenerative Disorders. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:367-383. [PMID: 36974405 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230327092855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-destructive cellular process that removes essential metabolites and waste from inside the cell to maintain cellular health. Mitophagy is the process by which autophagy causes disruption inside mitochondria and the total removal of damaged or stressed mitochondria, hence enhancing cellular health. The mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, performing essential functions such as ATP (adenosine triphosphate) generation, metabolism, Ca2+ buffering, and signal transduction. Many different mechanisms, including endosomal and autophagosomal transport, bring these substrates to lysosomes for processing. Autophagy and endocytic processes each have distinct compartments, and they interact dynamically with one another to complete digestion. Since mitophagy is essential for maintaining cellular health and using genetics, cell biology, and proteomics techniques, it is necessary to understand its beginning, particularly in ubiquitin and receptor-dependent signalling in injured mitochondria. Despite their similar symptoms and emerging genetic foundations, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have all been linked to abnormalities in autophagy and endolysosomal pathways associated with neuronal dysfunction. Mitophagy is responsible for normal mitochondrial turnover and, under certain physiological or pathological situations, may drive the elimination of faulty mitochondria. Due to their high energy requirements and post-mitotic origin, neurons are especially susceptible to autophagic and mitochondrial malfunction. This article focused on the importance of autophagy and mitophagy in neurodegenerative illnesses and how they might be used to create novel therapeutic approaches for treating a wide range of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshay Kapil
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Simranjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Deepali Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Charan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics (School of Pharmacy), H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar - 246174, Garhwal (Uttarakhand), India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
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48
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Radwan N, Khan E, Ardah MT, Kitada T, Haque ME. Ellagic Acid Prevents α-Synuclein Spread and Mitigates Toxicity by Enhancing Autophagic Flux in an Animal Model of Parkinson's Disease. Nutrients 2023; 16:85. [PMID: 38201915 PMCID: PMC10780534 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurological disorder, pathologically characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) as well as the formation of Lewy bodies composed mainly of α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates. It has been documented that abnormal aggregation of α-syn is one of the major causes of developing PD. In the current study, administration of ellagic acid (EA), a polyphenolic compound (10 mg/kg bodyweight), significantly decreased α-syn spreading and preserved dopaminergic neurons in a male C57BL/6 mouse model of PD. Moreover, EA altered the autophagic flux, suggesting the involvement of a restorative mechanism meditated by EA treatment. Our data support that EA could play a major role in the clearing of toxic α-syn from spreading, in addition to the canonical antioxidative role, and thus preventing dopaminergic neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Radwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (N.R.); (E.K.); (M.T.A.)
| | - Engila Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (N.R.); (E.K.); (M.T.A.)
| | - Mustafa T. Ardah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (N.R.); (E.K.); (M.T.A.)
| | - Tohru Kitada
- Otawa-Kagaku, Parkinson Clinic and Research, Kamakura 247-0061, Japan;
| | - M. Emdadul Haque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (N.R.); (E.K.); (M.T.A.)
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49
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Gammaldi N, Pezzini F, Michelucci E, Di Giorgi N, Simonati A, Rocchiccioli S, Santorelli FM, Doccini S. Integrative human and murine multi-omics: Highlighting shared biomarkers in the neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 189:106349. [PMID: 37952681 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a group of neurodegenerative disorders whose molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Omics approaches are among the methods that generate new information on modifying factors and molecular signatures. Moreover, omics data integration can address the need to progressively expand knowledge around the disease and pinpoint specific proteins to promote as candidate biomarkers. In this work, we integrated a total of 62 proteomic and transcriptomic datasets originating from humans and mice, employing a new approach able to define dysregulated processes across species, stages and NCL forms. Moreover, we selected a pool of differentially expressed proteins and genes as species- and form-related biomarkers of disease status/progression and evaluated local and spatial differences in most affected brain regions. Our results offer promising targets for potential new therapeutic strategies and reinforce the hypothesis of a connection between NCLs and other forms of dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gammaldi
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation - Pisa, Italy
| | - F Pezzini
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - E Michelucci
- Clinical Physiology-National Research Council (IFC-CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - N Di Giorgi
- Clinical Physiology-National Research Council (IFC-CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - A Simonati
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Rocchiccioli
- Clinical Physiology-National Research Council (IFC-CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - F M Santorelli
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation - Pisa, Italy
| | - S Doccini
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation - Pisa, Italy.
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50
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Silvestro S, Raffaele I, Mazzon E. Modulating Stress Proteins in Response to Therapeutic Interventions for Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16233. [PMID: 38003423 PMCID: PMC10671288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative illness characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, resulting in motor symptoms and without debilitating motors. A hallmark of this condition is the accumulation of misfolded proteins, a phenomenon that drives disease progression. In this regard, heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a central role in the cellular response to stress, shielding cells from damage induced by protein aggregates and oxidative stress. As a result, researchers have become increasingly interested in modulating these proteins through pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapeutic interventions. This review aims to provide an overview of the preclinical experiments performed over the last decade in this research field. Specifically, it focuses on preclinical studies that center on the modulation of stress proteins for the treatment potential of PD. The findings display promise in targeting HSPs to ameliorate PD outcomes. Despite the complexity of HSPs and their co-chaperones, proteins such as HSP70, HSP27, HSP90, and glucose-regulated protein-78 (GRP78) may be efficacious in slowing or preventing disease progression. Nevertheless, clinical validation is essential to confirm the safety and effectiveness of these preclinical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (S.S.); (I.R.)
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