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Liang W, Zhou C, Zhang H, Bai J, Long H, Jiang B, Liu L, Xia L, Jiang C, Zhang H, Zhao J. Pioneering nanomedicine in orthopedic treatment care: a review of current research and practices. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1389071. [PMID: 38860139 PMCID: PMC11163052 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1389071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A developing use of nanotechnology in medicine involves using nanoparticles to administer drugs, genes, biologicals, or other materials to targeted cell types, such as cancer cells. In healthcare, nanotechnology has brought about revolutionary changes in the treatment of various medical and surgical conditions, including in orthopedic. Its clinical applications in surgery range from developing surgical instruments and suture materials to enhancing imaging techniques, targeted drug delivery, visualization methods, and wound healing procedures. Notably, nanotechnology plays a significant role in preventing, diagnosing, and treating orthopedic disorders, which is crucial for patients' functional rehabilitation. The integration of nanotechnology improves standards of patient care, fuels research endeavors, facilitates clinical trials, and eventually improves the patient's quality of life. Looking ahead, nanotechnology holds promise for achieving sustained success in numerous surgical disciplines, including orthopedic surgery, in the years to come. This review aims to focus on the application of nanotechnology in orthopedic surgery, highlighting the recent development and future perspective to bridge the bridge for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhoushan Guanghua Hospital, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Juqin Bai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Hengguo Long
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Rehabilitation Department, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Medical Research Center, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Linying Xia
- Medical Research Center, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Chanyi Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hengjian Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Jiayi Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
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Steinacker VC, Renner T, Holzmeister I, Gubik S, Müller-Richter U, Breitenbücher N, Fuchs A, Straub A, Scheurer M, Kübler AC, Gbureck U. Biological and Mechanical Performance of Dual-Setting Brushite-Silica Gel Cements. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:108. [PMID: 38667565 PMCID: PMC11051121 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15040108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone defects resulting from trauma, diseases, or surgical procedures pose significant challenges in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The development of effective bone substitute materials that promote bone healing and regeneration is crucial for successful clinical outcomes. Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have emerged as promising candidates for bone replacement due to their biocompatibility, bioactivity, and ability to integrate with host tissues. However, there is a continuous demand for further improvements in the mechanical properties, biodegradability, and bioactivity of these materials. Dual setting of cements is one way to improve the performance of CPCs. Therefore, silicate matrices can be incorporated in these cements. Silicate-based materials have shown great potential in various biomedical applications, including tissue engineering and drug delivery systems. In the context of bone regeneration, silicate matrices offer unique advantages such as improved mechanical stability, controlled release of bioactive ions, and enhanced cellular responses. Comprehensive assessments of both the material properties and biological responses of our samples were conducted. Cytocompatibility was assessed through in vitro testing using osteoblastic (MG-63) and osteoclastic (RAW 264.7) cell lines. Cell activity on the surfaces was quantified, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to capture images of the RAW cells. In our study, incorporation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in dual-curing cements significantly enhanced physical properties, attributed to increased crosslinking density and reduced pore size. Higher alkoxysilyl group concentration improved biocompatibility by facilitating greater crosslinking. Additionally, our findings suggest citrate's potential as an alternative retarder due to its positive interaction with the silicate matrix, offering insights for future dental material research. This paper aims to provide an overview of the importance of silicate matrices as modifiers for calcium phosphate cements, focusing on their impact on the mechanical properties, setting behaviour, and biocompatibility of the resulting composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin C. Steinacker
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Renner
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ib Holzmeister
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Gubik
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Urs Müller-Richter
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Niko Breitenbücher
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Fuchs
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anton Straub
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Mario Scheurer
- Department of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial-Surgery, German Armed Forces Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexander C. Kübler
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Gbureck
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
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Gelli R, Ridi F. An Overview of Magnesium-Phosphate-Based Cements as Bone Repair Materials. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:424. [PMID: 37623668 PMCID: PMC10455751 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14080424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In the search for effective biomaterials for bone repair, magnesium phosphate cements (MPCs) are nowadays gaining importance as bone void fillers thanks to their many attractive features that overcome some of the limitations of the well-investigated calcium-phosphate-based cements. The goal of this review was to highlight the main properties and applications of MPCs in the orthopedic field, focusing on the different types of formulations that have been described in the literature, their main features, and the in vivo and in vitro response towards them. The presented results will be useful to showcase the potential of MPCs in the orthopedic field and will suggest novel strategies to further boost their clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Ridi
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI Consortium, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
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Inkret S, Erceg I, Ćurlin M, Kalčec N, Peranić N, Vinković Vrček I, Domazet Jurašin D, Dutour Sikirić M. Comparison of bovine serum albumin and chitosan effects on calcium phosphate formation in the presence of silver nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2023; 13:17384-17397. [PMID: 37304776 PMCID: PMC10251191 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02115g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The precipitation of calcium phosphates (CaPs) in the presence of more than one type of additive is of interest both from a fundamental point of view and as a possible biomimetic route for the preparation of multicomponent composites in which the activity of the components is preserved. In this study, the effect of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and chitosan (Chi) on the precipitation of CaPs in the presence of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) stabilized with sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT-AgNPs), poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP-AgNPs), and citrate (cit-AgNPs) was investigated. In the control system, the precipitation of CaPs occurred in two steps. Amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) was the first precipitated solid, which transformed into a mixture of calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CaDHA) and a smaller amount of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) after 60 min of ageing. Both biomacromolecules inhibited ACP transformation, with Chi being a stronger inhibitor due to its flexible molecular structure. As the concentration of the biomacromolecules increased, the amount of OCP decreased both in the absence and presence of AgNPs. In the presence of cit-AgNPs and two highest BSA concentrations, a change in the composition of the crystalline phase was observed. Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate was formed in the mixture with CaDHA. An effect on the morphology of both the amorphous and crystalline phases was observed. The effect depended on the specific combination of biomacromolecules and differently stabilized AgNP. The results obtained suggest a simple method for fine-tuning the properties of precipitates using different classes of additives. This could be of interest for the biomimetic preparation of multifunctional composites for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Inkret
- Laboratory for Biocolloids and Surface Chemistry, Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute Bijenička Cesta 54 10000 Zagreb Croatia + 385 1 456 0941
| | - Ina Erceg
- Laboratory for Biocolloids and Surface Chemistry, Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute Bijenička Cesta 54 10000 Zagreb Croatia + 385 1 456 0941
| | - Marija Ćurlin
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia 10000 Zagreb Croatia
| | - Nikolina Kalčec
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health Ksaverska Cesta 2 Zagreb 10000 Croatia
| | - Nikolina Peranić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health Ksaverska Cesta 2 Zagreb 10000 Croatia
| | - Ivana Vinković Vrček
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health Ksaverska Cesta 2 Zagreb 10000 Croatia
| | - Darija Domazet Jurašin
- Laboratory for Biocolloids and Surface Chemistry, Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute Bijenička Cesta 54 10000 Zagreb Croatia + 385 1 456 0941
| | - Maja Dutour Sikirić
- Laboratory for Biocolloids and Surface Chemistry, Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute Bijenička Cesta 54 10000 Zagreb Croatia + 385 1 456 0941
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Reinforcement of Calcium Phosphate Cement with Hybrid Silk Fibroin/Kappa-Carrageenan Nanofibers. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030850. [PMID: 36979830 PMCID: PMC10045238 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) offer a promising solution for treating bone defects due to their osteoconductive, injectable, biocompatible, and bone replacement properties. However, their brittle nature restricts their utilization to non-load-bearing applications. In this study, the impact of hybrid silk fibroin (SF) and kappa-carrageenan (k-CG) nanofibers as reinforcements in CPC was investigated. The CPC composite was fabricated by incorporating electrospun nanofibers in 1, 3, and 5% volume fractions. The morphology, mineralization, mechanical properties, setting time, injectability, cell adhesion, and mineralization of the CPC composites were analyzed. The results demonstrated that the addition of the nanofibers improved the CPC mixture, leading to an increase in compressive strength (14.8 ± 0.3 MPa compared to 8.1 ± 0.4 MPa of the unreinforced CPC). Similar improvements were seen in the bending strength and work fracture (WOF). The MC3T3-E1 cell culture experiments indicated that cells attached well to the surfaces of all cement samples and tended to join their adjacent cells. Additionally, the CPC composites showed higher cell mineralization after a culture period of 14 days, indicating that the SF/k-CG combination has potential for applications as a CPC reinforcement and bone cell regeneration promoter.
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Inkret S, Ćurlin M, Smokrović K, Kalčec N, Peranić N, Maltar-Strmečki N, Domazet Jurašin D, Dutour Sikirić M. Can Differently Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles Modify Calcium Phosphate Precipitation? MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16051764. [PMID: 36902880 PMCID: PMC10003846 DOI: 10.3390/ma16051764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphates (CaPs) composites with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) attract attention as a possible alternative to conventional approaches to combating orthopedic implant-associated infections. Although precipitation of calcium phosphates at room temperatures was pointed out as an advantageous method for the preparation of various CaP-based biomaterials, to the best of our knowledge, no such study exists for the preparation of CaPs/AgNP composites. Motivated by this lack of data in this study we investigated the influence of AgNPs stabilized with citrate (cit-AgNPs), poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP-AgNPs), and sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT-AgNPs) in the concentration range 5-25 mg dm-3 on the precipitation of CaPs. The first solid phase to precipitate in the investigated precipitation system was amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP). The effect of AgNPs on ACP stability was significant only in the presence of the highest concentration of AOT-AgNPs. However, in all precipitation systems containing AgNPs, the morphology of ACP was affected, as gel-like precipitates formed in addition to the typical chain-like aggregates of spherical particles. The exact effect depended on the type of AgNPs. After 60 min of reaction time, a mixture of calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CaDHA) and a smaller amount of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) formed. PXRD and EPR data point out that the amount of formed OCP decreases with increasing AgNPs concentration. The obtained results showed that AgNPs can modify the precipitation of CaPs and that CaPs properties can be fine-tuned by the choice of stabilizing agent. Furthermore, it was shown that precipitation can be used as a simple and fast method for CaP/AgNPs composites preparation which is of special interest for biomaterials preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Inkret
- Laboratory for Biocolloids and Surface Chemistry, Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Ćurlin
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Smokrović
- Laboratory for Electron Spin Spectroscopy, Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Kalčec
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Peranić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska cesta 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nadica Maltar-Strmečki
- Laboratory for Electron Spin Spectroscopy, Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darija Domazet Jurašin
- Laboratory for Biocolloids and Surface Chemistry, Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Dutour Sikirić
- Laboratory for Biocolloids and Surface Chemistry, Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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7
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Li XD, Yan DW, Ren HH, Zhang QY, Yan YG. Fabricating biodegradable calcium phosphate/calcium sulfate cement reinforced with cellulose: in vitro and in vivo studies. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:303-315. [PMID: 36440610 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02191a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a growing public health concern worldwide. To avoid extra surgeries, developing biodegradable bone cement is critical for the treatment of osteoporosis. Herein, we designed calcium phosphate/calcium sulfate cement reinforced with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC/OPC). It presents an appropriate physicochemical performance for clinical handling. Meanwhile, CMC/OPC bone cement promotes osteogenic differentiation in vitro. Results of the immune response in vitro and in vivo confirmed that increasing the cellulose content triggered macrophage switching into the M2 phenotype and CMC/OPC exhibited significant anti-inflammation. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo degradation demonstrated that cellulose tailors the degradation rate of composite bone cement, which achieved a linear degradation process and could degrade by more than 90% for 12 weeks. In summary, the composite bone cement CMC/OPC is a promising candidate for bone repair applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dan Li
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China.
| | - Da-Wei Yan
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China.
| | - Hao-Hao Ren
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China.
| | - Qi-Yi Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China.
| | - Yong-Gang Yan
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China.
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Lavagnini IR, Campos JV, Osiro D, Ferreira JA, Colnago LA, Pallone EMJA. Influence of alumina substrates open porosity on calcium phosphates formation produced by the biomimetic method. Prog Biomater 2022; 11:263-271. [PMID: 35739413 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-022-00193-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the influence of the open porosity of alumina (Al2O3) substrates on the phase formation of calcium phosphates deposited onto it surface. The Al2O3 substrates were prepared with different porosities by the foam-gelcasting method associated with different amounts of polyethylene beads. The substrates were coated biomimetically for 14 and 21 days of incubation in a simulated body fluid (SBF). Scanning electron microscopy characterisation and X-ray computed microtomography showed that the increase in the number of beads provided an increase in the open porosity. The X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy showed that the biomimetic method was able to form different phases of calcium phosphates. It was observed that the increase in the porosity favoured the formation of β-tricalcium phosphate for both incubation periods. The incubation period and the porosity of the substrates can influence the phases and the amount of calcium phosphates formed. Thus, it is possible to target the best application for the biomaterial produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela R Lavagnini
- Postgraduate Programme in Materials Science and Engineering, University of São Paulo, USP/FZEA, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil.
| | - João V Campos
- Postgraduate Programme in Materials Science and Engineering, University of São Paulo, USP/FZEA, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Denise Osiro
- Postgraduate Programme in Materials Science and Engineering, University of São Paulo, USP/FZEA, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Julieta A Ferreira
- Postgraduate Programme in Materials Science and Engineering, University of São Paulo, USP/FZEA, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz A Colnago
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, EMBRAPA Instrumentation, Rua Quinze de novembro, 1500/1501, São Carlos, SP, 13561-206, Brazil
| | - Eliria M J A Pallone
- Postgraduate Programme in Materials Science and Engineering, University of São Paulo, USP/FZEA, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil.,Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil
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Petre DG, Leeuwenburgh SCG. The Use of Fibers in Bone Tissue Engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2022; 28:141-159. [PMID: 33375900 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering aims to restore and maintain the function of bone by means of biomaterial-based scaffolds. This review specifically focuses on the use of fibers in biomaterials used for bone tissue engineering as suitable environment for bone tissue repair and regeneration. We present a bioinspired rationale behind the use of fibers in bone tissue engineering and provide an overview of the most common fiber fabrication methods, including solution, melt, and microfluidic spinning. Subsequently, we provide a brief overview of the composition of fibers that are used in bone tissue engineering, including fibers composed of (i) natural polymers (e.g., cellulose, collagen, gelatin, alginate, chitosan, and silk, (ii) synthetic polymers (e.g., polylactic acid [PLA], polycaprolactone, polyglycolic acid [PGA], polyethylene glycol, and polymer blends of PLA and PGA), (iii) ceramic fibers (e.g., aluminium oxide, titanium oxide, and zinc oxide), (iv) metallic fibers (e.g., titanium and its alloys, copper and magnesium), and (v) composite fibers. In addition, we review the most relevant fiber modification strategies that are used to enhance the (bio)functionality of these fibers. Finally, we provide an overview of the applicability of fibers in biomaterials for bone tissue engineering, with a specific focus on mechanical, pharmaceutical, and biological properties of fiber-functionalized biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. Impact statement Natural bone is a complex composite material composed of an extracellular matrix of mineralized fibers containing living cells and bioactive molecules. Consequently, the use of fibers in biomaterial-based scaffolds offers a wide variety of opportunities to replicate the functional performance of bone. This review provides an overview of the use of fibers in biomaterials for bone tissue engineering, thereby contributing to the design of novel fiber-functionalized bone-substituting biomaterials of improved functionality regarding their mechanical, pharmaceutical, and biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Geta Petre
- Department of Dentistry-Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander C G Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Dentistry-Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Liu Q, Lu WF, Zhai W. Toward stronger robocast calcium phosphate scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: A mini-review and meta-analysis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 134:112578. [PMID: 35525758 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Among different treatments of critical-sized bone defects, bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a fast-developing strategy centering around the fabrication of scaffolds that can stimulate tissue regeneration and provide mechanical support at the same time. This area has seen an extensive application of bioceramics, such as calcium phosphate, for their bioactivity and resemblance to the composition of natural bones. Moreover, recent advances in additive manufacturing (AM) have unleashed enormous potential in the fabrication of BTE scaffolds with tailored porous structures as well as desired biological and mechanical properties. Robocasting is an AM technique that has been widely applied to fabricate calcium phosphate scaffolds, but most of these scaffolds do not meet the mechanical requirements for load-bearing BTE scaffolds. In light of this challenge, various approaches have been utilized to mechanically strengthen the scaffolds. In this review, the current state of knowledge and existing research on robocasting of calcium phosphate scaffolds are presented. Applying the Gibson-Ashby model, this review provides a meta-analysis from the published literature of the compressive strength of robocast calcium phosphate scaffolds. Furthermore, this review evaluates different approaches to the mechanical strengthening of robocast calcium phosphate scaffolds. The aim of this review is to provide insightful data and analysis for future research on mechanical strengthening of robocast calcium phosphate scaffolds and ultimately for their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quyang Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Wen Feng Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore; The NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117581, Singapore
| | - Wei Zhai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore; The NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117581, Singapore.
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Bioactive Calcium Phosphate-Based Composites for Bone Regeneration. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs5090227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphates (CaPs) are widely accepted biomaterials able to promote the regeneration of bone tissue. However, the regeneration of critical-sized bone defects has been considered challenging, and the development of bioceramics exhibiting enhanced bioactivity, bioresorbability and mechanical performance is highly demanded. In this respect, the tuning of their chemical composition, crystal size and morphology have been the matter of intense research in the last decades, including the preparation of composites. The development of effective bioceramic composite scaffolds relies on effective manufacturing techniques able to control the final multi-scale porosity of the devices, relevant to ensure osteointegration and bio-competent mechanical performance. In this context, the present work provides an overview about the reported strategies to develop and optimize bioceramics, while also highlighting future perspectives in the development of bioactive ceramic composites for bone tissue regeneration.
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Precipitation at Room Temperature as a Fast and Versatile Method for Calcium Phosphate/TiO 2 Nanocomposites Synthesis. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061523. [PMID: 34207588 PMCID: PMC8230063 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The constantly growing need for advanced bone regeneration materials has motivated the development of calcium phosphates (CaPs) composites with a different metal or metal-oxide nanomaterials and their economical and environmentally friendly production. Here, two procedures for the synthesis of CaPs composites with TiO2 nanoplates (TiNPl) and nanowires (TiNWs) were tested, with the immersion of TiO2 nanomaterials (TiNMs) in corrected simulated body fluid (c-SBF) and precipitation of CaP in the presence of TiNMs. The materials obtained were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction, spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering, and their hemocompatibility and ability to induce reactive oxygen species were evaluated. After 28 days of immersion in c-SBF, no significant CaP coating was formed on TiNMs. However, the composites with calcium-deficient apatite (CaDHA) were obtained after one hour in the spontaneous precipitation system. In the absence of TiNMs, CaDHA was also formed, indicating that control of the CaP phase formed can be accomplished by fine-tuning conditions in the precipitation system. Although the morphology and size of crystalline domains of CaDHA obtained on the different nanomaterials differed, no significant difference was detected in their local structure. Composites showed low reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and did not induce hemolysis. The results obtained indicate that precipitation is a suitable and fast method for the preparation of CaPs/TiNMs nanocomposites which shows great potential for biomedical applications.
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Moussa H, El Hadad A, Sarrigiannidis S, Saad A, Wang M, Taqi D, Al-Hamed FS, Salmerón-Sánchez M, Cerruti M, Tamimi F. High toughness resorbable brushite-gypsum fiber-reinforced cements. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 127:112205. [PMID: 34225857 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The ideal bone substitute material should be mechanically strong, biocompatible with a resorption rate matching the rate of new bone formation. Brushite (dicalcium phosphate dihydrate) cement is a promising bone substitute material but with limited resorbability and mechanical properties. To improve the resorbability and mechanical performance of brushite cements, we incorporated gypsum (calcium sulfate dihydrate) and diazonium-treated polyglactin fibers which are well-known for their biocompatibility and bioresorbability. Here we show that by combining brushite and gypsum, we were able to fabricate biocompatible composite cements with high fracture toughness (0.47 MPa·m1/2) and a resorption rate that matched the rate of new bone formation. Adding functionalized polyglactin fibers to this composite cement further improved the fracture toughness up to 1.00 MPa·m1/2. XPS and SEM revealed that the improvement in fracture toughness is due to the strong interfacial bonding between the functionalized fibers and the cement matrix. This study shows that adding gypsum and functionalized polyglactin fibers to brushite cements results in composite biomaterials that combine high fracture toughness, resorbability, and biocompatibility, and have great potential for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Moussa
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, Benghazi University, Benghazi 9504, Libya
| | - Amir El Hadad
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Saad
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Min Wang
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Doaa Taqi
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | | | | | - Marta Cerruti
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Faleh Tamimi
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada; College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
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Tian Y, Liu H, He L, Zhang R, Lu Q, Liu C, Dang N, Hu H, Ma X, Chen D, Sun H, Zhou H, Yang L, Bai Y, Yang H. Calcium phosphate-based composite cement: Impact of starch type and starch pregelatinization on its physicochemical properties and performance in the vertebral fracture surgical models in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2021; 109:2068-2078. [PMID: 34028188 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) modified with native and pregelatinized normal corn and waxy maize starches was studied. Effects of starch pregelatinization and starch type on the physicochemical properties of CPC were investigated. CPC modified with pregelatinized normal corn starch (CPB-PNC) or pregelatinized waxy maize starch (CPB-PW) was evaluated by two vertebral fracture surgical models in vitro. Both granular and pregelatinized starches significantly improved the setting times and injectability of CPC, but only the pregelatinized starches improved the anti-collapsibility and compressive strength of CPC significantly. CPB-PW, whose micro-structure was compact and uniform, showed the best physicochemical properties. Addition of starch did not inhibit the hydro-reaction of CPC. Unmodified CPC had very poor dispersibility and could not apply in the tests of the surgical models. Pregelatinized starch especially waxy maize starch improved the dispersibility of CPC and showed good dispersion area, volume, improved pull-out force and maximum torque in the Sawbones sponge model. Similarly, in the minimally invasive kyphoplasty model, CPB-PNC and CPB-PW could disperse in the osteoporotic sheep vertebrae and improve the compressive strength of the sheep vertebral body. In conclusion, starch pregelatinization and starch botanical source affect the physicochemical properties of CPC significantly. Bone cements modified by different starches also performed differently in surgical models for osteoporotic vertebral fracture. Pregelatinized waxy maize starch may be a better candidate for CPC modification comparing to the pregelatinized normal corn starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixing Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huiling Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Linwei He
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qifeng Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ningqi Dang
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hui Hu
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuan Ma
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Division of Medical Devices, National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Haolin Sun
- Department of Orthopedic, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Zhou
- Center for Health Sciences and Engineering, Tianjin, China.,School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Center for Health Sciences and Engineering, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanjie Bai
- School of Public Health, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Nanostructured Strontium-Doped Calcium Phosphate Cements: A Multifactorial Design. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11052075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been extensively studied in last decades as nanostructured biomaterials for the regeneration of bone defects, both for dental and orthopedic applications. However, the precise control of their handling properties (setting time, viscosity, and injectability) still represents a remarkable challenge because a complicated adjustment of multiple correlated processing parameters is requested, including powder particle size and the chemical composition of solid and liquid components. This study proposes, for the first time, a multifactorial investigation about the effects of powder and liquid variation on the final performance of Sr-doped apatitic CPCs, based on the Design of Experiment approach. In addition, the effects of two mixing techniques, hand spatula (low-energy) and planetary shear mixing (high-energy), on viscosity and extrusion force were compared. This work aims to shed light on the various steps involved in the processing of CPCs, thus enabling a more precise and tailored design of the device, based on the clinical need.
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Şahin E, Çiftçioğlu M. Compositional, microstructural and mechanical effects of NaCl porogens in brushite cement scaffolds. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 116:104363. [PMID: 33550144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Modification of the setting process of brushite cements by varying the concentration of ions that alter calcium phosphate crystallization kinetics, is known to enable control on the monetite conversion extent and the accompanying microporosity. This is useful because monetite serves as a suitable matrix in macroporous scaffolds due to its higher phase stability and finer crystal morphology compared to its hydrous counterpart brushite. In this study the synergistic effect of NaCl and citric acid on the microstructural evolution of brushite cement was demonstrated and microporosity of macroporous monetite-rich cement blocks was minimized by a variable NaCl porogen size distribution approach. Initially, maximum packing ratio of various combinations of NaCl size groups in PEG were determined by their rheological analysis in a range between 57% and 69%. Statistical analysis revealed a positive correlation between the amounts of NaCl particles under 38μm and 212μm and the maximum packing ratio. Further broadening the size distributions of NaCl porogens with fine cement precursors was effective in increasing the solids packing ratio of cement blocks more than the maximum packing ratio for the porogens. This improvement in packing was accompanied by a reduction in microporosity despite the increase in micropore volume with ion induced monetite formation. The detrimental effect of the microporosity introduced to the structure during monetite formation was balanced for some size distributions and not so much for others, thereby resulting in a wide range of porosities and mechanical properties. Thus, the exponential dependence of mechanical properties on porosity and the mechanical properties of monetite-rich macroporous blocks at the theoretical zero-porosity were determined according to Rice's model. Zero-porosity extrapolations were much higher than those predicted for brushite cement, contrary to the common assumption that brushite is mechanically stronger than monetite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdem Şahin
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey.
| | - Muhsin Çiftçioğlu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, Turkey.
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CNT and rGO reinforced PMMA based bone cement for fixation of load bearing implants: Mechanical property and biological response. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 116:104320. [PMID: 33571842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cements (BCs) have some drawbacks, including limited bioactivity and bone formation, as well as inferior mechanical properties, which may result in failure of the BC. To deal with the mentioned issues, novel bioactive polymethyl methacrylate-hardystonite (PMMA-HT) bone cement (BC) reinforced with 0.25 and 0.5 wt% of carbon nanotube (CNT) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was synthesized. In this context, the obtained bone cements were evaluated in terms of their mechanical and biological characteristics. The rGO reinforced bone cement exhibited better mechanical properties to the extent that the addition of 0.5 wt% of rGO where its compressive and tensile strength of bioactive PMMA-HT/rGO cement escalated from 92.07 ± 0.72 MPa, and 40.02 ± 0.71 MPa to 187.48 ± 5.79 MPa and 64.92 ± 0.75 MPa, respectively. Besides, the mechanisms of toughening, apatite formation, and cell interaction in CNT and rGO encapsulated PMMA have been studied. Results showed that the existence of CNT and rGO in BCs led to increase of MG63 osteoblast viability, and proliferation. However, rGO reinforced bone cement was more successful in supporting MG63 cell attachment compared to the CNT counterpart due to its wrinkled surface, which made a suitable substrate for cell adhesion. Based on the results, PMMA-HT/rGO can be a proper bone cement for the fixation of load-bearing implants.
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Kirillova A, Nillissen O, Liu S, Kelly C, Gall K. Reinforcement and Fatigue of a Bioinspired Mineral-Organic Bioresorbable Bone Adhesive. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001058. [PMID: 33111508 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bioresorbable bone adhesives may provide remarkable clinical solutions in areas ranging from fixation and osseointegration of permanent implants to the direct healing and fusion of bones without permanent fixation hardware. Mechanical properties of bone adhesives are critical for their successful application in vivo. Reinforcement of a tetracalcium phosphate-phosphoserine bone adhesive is investigated using three degradable reinforcement strategies: poly(lactic-co-glycolic) (PLGA) fibers, PLGA sutures, and chitosan lactate. All three approaches lead to higher compressive strengths of the material and better fatigue performance. Reinforcement with PLGA fibers and chitosan lactate results in a 100% probability of survival of samples at 20 MPa maximum compressive stress level, which is almost ten times higher compared to compressive loads observed in the intervertebral discs of the spine in vivo. High adhesive shear strength of 5.1 MPa is achieved for fiber-reinforced bone adhesive by tuning the surface architecture of titanium samples. Finally, biological and biomechanical performance of the fiber-reinforced adhesive is evaluated in a rabbit distal femur osteotomy model, showing the potential of the bone adhesive for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kirillova
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Pratt School of Engineering Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Olivia Nillissen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Pratt School of Engineering Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Samuel Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Pratt School of Engineering Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Cambre Kelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Pratt School of Engineering Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Ken Gall
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Pratt School of Engineering Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Pratt School of Engineering Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
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Paknahad A, Goudarzi M, Kucko NW, Leeuwenburgh SC, Sluys LJ. Calcium phosphate cement reinforced with poly (vinyl alcohol) fibers: An experimental and numerical failure analysis. Acta Biomater 2021; 119:458-471. [PMID: 33164819 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been widely used during the past decades as biocompatible bone substitution in maxillofacial, oral and orthopedic surgery. CPCs are injectable and are chemically resemblant to the mineral phase of native bone. Nevertheless, their low fracture toughness and high brittleness reduce their clinical applicability to weakly loaded bones. Reinforcement of CPC matrix with polymeric fibers can overcome these mechanical drawbacks and significantly enhance their toughness and strength. Such fiber-reinforced calcium phosphate cements (FRCPCs) have the potential to act as advanced bone substitute in load-bearing anatomical sites. This work achieves integrated experimental and numerical characterization of the mechanical properties of FRCPCs under bending and tensile loading. To this end, a 3-D numerical gradient enhanced damage model combined with a dimensionally-reduced fiber model are employed to develop a computational model for material characterization and to simulate the failure process of fiber-reinforced CPC matrix based on experimental data. In addition, an advanced interfacial constitutive law, derived from micromechanical pull-out tests, is used to represent the interaction between the polymeric fiber and CPC matrix. The presented computational model is successfully validated with the experimental results and offers a firm basis for further investigations on the development of numerical and experimental analysis of fiber-reinforced bone cements.
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Biopolymer surface modification of PLGA fibers enhances interfacial shear strength and supports immobilization of rhGDF-5 in fiber-reinforced brushite cement. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 115:104285. [PMID: 33360485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Incorporation of biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid; PLGA) fibers into calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) has proven beneficial for their mechanical properties and the targeted delivery of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). However, the deficiency of functional groups on the PLGA surface results in poor fiber-matrix interfacial strength (ISS), limiting the mechanical improvement, and insufficient surface charge to immobilize therapeutic amounts of BMPs. The present study therefore focused on the: i) functionalization of PLGA fibers using polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) of biopolymers; ii) analysis of their impact on the mechanical properties of the CPC in multifilament fiber pull-out tests; and iii) testing of their applicability as carriers for BMPs using chemical-free adsorption of biotinylated recombinant human growth factor (rhGDF-5) and colorimetric assays. The PEMs were created from chitosan (Chi), hyaluronic acid (HA), and gelatin (Gel) via layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition. Four PEM nanocoatings consisting of alternating Chi/Gel and Chi/HA bilayers with a terminating layer of Chi, Gel or HA were tested. Nanocoating of the PLGA fibers with PEMs significantly enhanced the ISS with the CPC matrix to max. 3.55 ± 1.05 MPa (2.2-fold). The increase in ISS, ascribed to enhanced electrostatic interactions between PLGA and calcium phosphate, was reflected in significant improvement of the composites' flexural strength compared to CPC containing untreated fibers. However, only minor effects on the composites' work of fracture were observed. The adsorption of rhGDF-5 on the PLGA surface was supported by PEMs terminating with either positive or negative charges, without significant differences among the nanocoatings. This proof-of-principle rhGDF-5 immobilization study, together with the augmented ISS of the composites, demonstrates that surface modification of PLGA fibers with biopolymers is a promising approach for targeted delivery of BMPs and improved mechanical properties of the fiber-reinforced CPC.
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Schröter L, Kaiser F, Stein S, Gbureck U, Ignatius A. Biological and mechanical performance and degradation characteristics of calcium phosphate cements in large animals and humans. Acta Biomater 2020; 117:1-20. [PMID: 32979583 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been used to treat bone defects and support bone regeneration because of their good biocompatibility and osteointegrative behavior. Since their introduction in the 1980s, remarkable clinical success has been achieved with these biomaterials, because they offer the unique feature of being moldable and even injectable into implant sites, where they harden through a low-temperature setting reaction. However, despite decades of research efforts, two major limitations concerning their biological and mechanical performance hamper a broader clinical use. Firstly, achieving a degradation rate that is well adjusted to the dynamics of bone formation remains a challenging issue. While apatite-forming CPCs frequently remain for years at the implant site without major signs of degradation, brushite-forming CPCs are considered to degrade to a greater extent. However, the latter tend to convert into lower soluble phases under physiological conditions, which makes their degradation behavior rather unpredictable. Secondly, CPCs exhibit insufficient mechanical properties for load bearing applications because of their inherent brittleness. This review places an emphasis on these limitations and provides an overview of studies that have investigated the biological and biomechanical performance as well as the degradation characteristics of different CPCs after implantation into trabecular bone. We reviewed studies performed in large animals, because they mimic human bone physiology more closely in terms of bone metabolism and mechanical loading conditions compared with small laboratory animals. We compared the results of these studies with clinical trials that have dealt with the degradation behavior of CPCs after vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Schröter
- Institute for Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Helmholtzstrasse 14, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Friederike Kaiser
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Svenja Stein
- Institute for Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Helmholtzstrasse 14, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Uwe Gbureck
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Anita Ignatius
- Institute for Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Helmholtzstrasse 14, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
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Enhancing effects of radiopaque agent BaSO4 on mechanical and biocompatibility properties of injectable calcium phosphate composite cement. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 116:110904. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Antibacterial calcium phosphate composite cements reinforced with silver-doped magnesium phosphate (newberyite) micro-platelets. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 110:103934. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kucko NW, Petre DG, de Ruiter M, Herber RP, Leeuwenburgh SC. Micro- and macromechanical characterization of the influence of surface-modification of poly(vinyl alcohol) fibers on the reinforcement of calcium phosphate cements. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 109:103776. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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de Lacerda Schickert S, Pinto JC, Jansen J, Leeuwenburgh SCG, van den Beucken JJJP. Tough and injectable fiber reinforced calcium phosphate cement as an alternative to polymethylmethacrylate cement for vertebral augmentation: a biomechanical study. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:4239-4250. [PMID: 32579633 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00413h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are a very common problem among the elderly, which ultimately result in severe pain and a drastically reduced quality of life. An effective treatment for VCFs is the minimally invasive augmentation of the damaged vertebrae through vertebroplasty and/or kyphoplasty. These surgical procedures treat the affected vertebrae by injection of poly(methyl methacrylate) cement (PMMA) into the vertebral body. However, clinical use of PMMA cement is associated with major drawbacks. Bioceramic cements such as injectable calcium phosphate cements (CPC) exhibit a superior osteocompatibility over PMMA cements, but are too brittle for load-bearing applications. Here, we evaluated the handling and mechanical properties of a recently developed CPC formulation containing both poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) fibers and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as an alternative to PMMA cement for vertebro- and kyphoplasty. Our results demonstrate that the addition of CMC rendered fiber-reinforced CPC injectable without negatively affecting its mechanical properties. Further, an ex vivo mechanical analysis clearly showed that extravasation of PVA fiber-reinforced CPC with CMC into trabecular bone was limited as compared to PMMA. Finally, we observed that the ex vivo biomechanical performance of vertebrae treated with CMC and PVA fibers was similar to PMMA-treated vertebrae. The obtained data suggests that PVA fiber-reinforced CPCs with CMC possesses adequate handling, mechanical and structural characteristics for vertebro- and kyphoplasty procedures. These data pave the way for future preclinical studies on the feasibility of treating vertebral compression fractures using PVA fiber-reinforced CPC with CMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia de Lacerda Schickert
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Department of Dentistry - Regenerative Biomaterials, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - João Castro Pinto
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Department of Dentistry - Regenerative Biomaterials, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - John Jansen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Department of Dentistry - Regenerative Biomaterials, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sander C G Leeuwenburgh
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Department of Dentistry - Regenerative Biomaterials, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jeroen J J P van den Beucken
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Department of Dentistry - Regenerative Biomaterials, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Boehm AV, Meininger S, Gbureck U, Müller FA. Self-healing capacity of fiber-reinforced calcium phosphate cements. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9430. [PMID: 32523063 PMCID: PMC7287135 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66207-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A major problem concerning the mechanical properties of calcium phosphate cements (CPC) is related to their inherent brittleness, which limits their applicability to non-load bearing bone defects. In this work the preparation of a damage tolerant CPC is presented, where the incorporation of functionalized carbon fibers facilitates steady state flat crack propagation with crack openings below 10 µm. A subsequent self-healing process in simulated body fluid, that mimics the in vivo mineralization of bioactive surfaces, closes the cracks and completely restores the mechanical properties. Hereby, two pathways of self-healing are presented: i) intrinsic healing that bases on the inherent bioactive properties of the cement matrix and chemically treated fibers, and ii) capsule based extrinsic healing, where H2PO4- is released as an initiator for the apatite formation. Such damage tolerant CPCs with self-healing capacity are of particular interest to increase the lifetime of implants as well as in the field of load-bearing bioceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne V Boehm
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Susanne Meininger
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry (FMZ), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Gbureck
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry (FMZ), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank A Müller
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743, Jena, Germany.
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Kilian D, Ahlfeld T, Akkineni AR, Bernhardt A, Gelinsky M, Lode A. 3D Bioprinting of osteochondral tissue substitutes - in vitro-chondrogenesis in multi-layered mineralized constructs. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8277. [PMID: 32427838 PMCID: PMC7237416 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65050-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For the generation of multi-layered full thickness osteochondral tissue substitutes with an individual geometry based on clinical imaging data, combined extrusion-based 3D printing (3D plotting) of a bioink laden with primary chondrocytes and a mineralized biomaterial phase was introduced. A pasty calcium phosphate cement (CPC) and a bioink based on alginate-methylcellulose (algMC) - both are biocompatible and allow 3D plotting with high shape fidelity - were applied in monophasic and combinatory design to recreate osteochondral tissue layers. The capability of cells reacting to chondrogenic biochemical stimuli inside the algMC-based 3D hydrogel matrix was assessed. Towards combined osteochondral constructs, the chondrogenic fate in the presence of CPC in co-fabricated and biphasic mineralized pattern was evaluated. Majority of expanded and algMC-encapsulated cells survived the plotting process and the cultivation period, and were able to undergo redifferentiation in the provided environment to produce their respective extracellular matrix (ECM) components (i.e. sulphated glycosaminoglycans, collagen type II), examined after 3 weeks. The presence of a mineralized zone as located in the physiological calcified cartilage region suspected to interfere with chondrogenesis, was found to support chondrogenic ECM production by altering the ionic concentrations of calcium and phosphorus in in vitro culture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Kilian
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tilman Ahlfeld
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ashwini Rahul Akkineni
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Bernhardt
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Lode
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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28
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Yousefi AM. A review of calcium phosphate cements and acrylic bone cements as injectable materials for bone repair and implant fixation. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2020; 17:2280800019872594. [PMID: 31718388 DOI: 10.1177/2280800019872594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of bone defects caused by trauma or disease is a major burden on human healthcare systems. Although autologous bone grafts are considered as the gold standard, they are limited in availability and are associated with post-operative complications. Minimally invasive alternatives using injectable bone cements are currently used in certain clinical procedures, such as vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty. Nevertheless, given the high incidence of fractures and pathologies that result in bone voids, there is an unmet need for injectable materials with desired properties for minimally invasive procedures. This paper provides an overview of the most common injectable bone cement materials for clinical use. The emphasis has been placed on calcium phosphate cements and acrylic bone cements, while enabling the readers to compare the opportunities and challenges for these two classes of bone cements. This paper also briefly reviews antibiotic-loaded bone cements used in bone repair and implant fixation, including their efficacy and cost for healthcare systems. A summary of the current challenges and recommendations for future directions has been brought in the concluding section of this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizeh-Mitra Yousefi
- Department of Chemical, Paper and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
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29
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Calcium phosphate formation on TiO2 nanomaterials of different dimensionality. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhang
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yihua Feng
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yanbin Shi
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
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Kunisch E, Gunnella F, Wagner S, Dees F, Maenz S, Bossert J, Jandt KD, Kinne RW. The poly (l-lactid-co-glycolide; PLGA) fiber component of brushite-forming calcium phosphate cement induces the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 14:055012. [PMID: 31465298 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab3544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A brushite-forming calcium phosphate cement (CPC) was mechanically stabilized by addition of poly (l-lactid-co-glycolide; PLGA) fibers (≤10% w/w). It proved highly biocompatible and its fiber component enhanced bone formation in a sheep lumbar vertebroplasty model. However, possible effects on the osteogenic differentiation of resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remained unexplored. The present study used a novel approach, simultaneously analyzing the influence of a solid CPC scaffold and its relatively low PLGA proportion (a mimicry of natural bone) on osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation, as well as the pluripotency of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs). hASCs were cultured on CPC discs with/without PLGA fibers (5% and 10%) in the absence of osteogenic medium for 3, 7, and 14 d. Gene expression of osteogenic markers (Runx2, osterix, alkaline phosphatase, collagen I, osteonectin, osteopontin, osteocalcin), chondrogenic markers (collagen II, Sox9, aggrecan), adipogenic markers (PPARG, Leptin, and FABP4), and pluripotency markers (Nanog, Tert, Rex) was analyzed by RT-PCR. The ability of hASCs to synthesize alkaline phosphatase was also evaluated. Cell number and viability were determined by fluorescein diacetate/propidium iodide staining. Compared to pure CPC, cultivation of hASCs on fiber-reinforced CPC transiently induced the gene expression of Runx2 and osterix (day 3), and long-lastingly augmented the expression of alkaline phosphatase (and its enzyme activity), collagen I, and osteonectin (until day 14). In contrast, augmented expression of all chondrogenic, adipogenic, and pluripotency markers was limited to day 3, followed by significant downregulation. Cultivation of hASCs on fiber-reinforced CPC reduced the cell number, but not the proportion of viable cells (viability > 95%). The PLGA component of fiber-reinforced, brushite-forming CPC supports long-lasting osteogenic differentiation of hASCs, whereas chondrogenesis, adipogenesis, and pluripotency are initially augmented, but subsequently suppressed. In view of parallel animal results, PLGA fibers may represent an interesting clinical target for future improvement of CPC- based bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Kunisch
- Experimental Rheumatology Unit, Department of Orthopedics, Jena University Hospital, Waldkliniken Eisenberg GmbH, Eisenberg, Germany
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Mariappan N. Current trends in Nanotechnology applications in surgical specialties and orthopedic surgery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.13005/bpj/1739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is manipulation of matter on atomic, molecular and supramolecular scale. It has extensive range of applications in various branches of science including molecular biology, Health and medicine, materials, electronics, transportation, drugs and drug delivery, chemical sensing, space exploration, energy, environment, sensors, diagnostics, microfabrication, organic chemistry and biomaterials. Nanotechnology involves innovations in drug delivery,fabric design, reactivity and strength of material and molecular manufacturing. Nanotechnology applications are spread over almost all surgical specialties and have revolutionized treatment of various medical and surgical conditions. Clinically relevant applications of nanotechnology in surgical specialties include development of surgical instruments, suture materials, imaging, targeted drug therapy, visualization methods and wound healing techniques. Management of burn wounds and scar is an important application of nanotechnology.Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various orthopedic conditions are crucial aspects of technology for functional recovery of patients. Improvement in standard of patient care,clinical trials, research, and development of medical equipments for safe use are improved with nanotechnology. They have a potential for long-term good results in a variety of surgical specialties including orthopedic surgery in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Mariappan
- Department of Hand Surgery, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University (deemed), Porur, Chennai, India
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García-Guel YY, Múzquiz-Ramos EM, Ríos-Hurtado JC. Telas de carbón activado: generalidades y aplicaciones. TIP REVISTA ESPECIALIZADA EN CIENCIAS QUÍMICO-BIOLÓGICAS 2019. [DOI: 10.22201/fesz.23958723e.2019.0.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Los carbones activados (CA) son de gran interés debido a las excepcionales propiedades físicas y químicas que poseen, estos materiales se presentan en forma de gránulos o polvos, pero recientemente se ha comercializado una nueva forma de CA conocida como Fibra de Carbón Activado (FCA), que se puede fabricar en dos presentaciones, como tela y como fieltro. Las Telas de carbón activado (TCA) son materiales que poseen excelentes propiedades que las hacen superiores en comparación con las formas tradicionales y se producen a partir de precursores, mediante diversos procesos que incluyen activación física o química, entre los agentes impregnantes más utilizados se encuentran el KOH, H3PO4, ZnCl2, AlCl3, NH4Cl, Na2CO3 y K2CO3, cuya función principal es servir como deshidratantes impidiendo al mismo tiempo la producción de alquitranes. Las características y propiedades que adquieren las TCA dependen de la naturaleza del material que se utilizó para producirlas, estas características han sido aprovechadas en una gran cantidad de aplicaciones, como: medicina, sistemas de soporte de catalizadores, en la industria para la adsorción de contaminantes, purificación de aguas y tratamiento de aguas residuales, entre otras. Esta revisión muestra las generalidades y aplicaciones en estudios recientes y resume las aplicaciones de las TCA de las diferentes investigaciones realizadas, así como su proceso de obtención.
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Wang S, Xu C, Yu S, Wu X, Jie Z, Dai H. Citric acid enhances the physical properties, cytocompatibility and osteogenesis of magnesium calcium phosphate cement. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 94:42-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Luo J, Faivre J, Engqvist H, Persson C. The Addition of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Fibers to Apatitic Calcium Phosphate Cement Can Improve Its Toughness. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12091531. [PMID: 31083315 PMCID: PMC6540246 DOI: 10.3390/ma12091531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements, and in particular hydroxyapatite cements, have been widely investigated for use as bone void fillers due to their chemical similarity to bone and related osteoconductivity. However, they are brittle, which limits their use to non-load-bearing applications. The aim of the current study was to improve the toughness of hydroxyapatite cements through fiber reinforcement. The effect of the addition of hydrophilic, poly(vinyl-alcohol) (PVA) fibers to hydroxyapatite cement was evaluated in terms of mechanical properties, including compressive strength, diametral tensile strength and toughness (work of fracture), as well as setting time, phase composition and cement morphology. The fiber reinforcement enhanced the fracture resistance of the hydroxyapatite cement, but also simultaneously reduced the compressive strength and setting time of the cements. However, cement with 5 wt % of fibers (of the powder component) could be considered a good compromise, with a compressive strength of 46.5 ± 4.6 MPa (compared to 62.3 ± 12.8 MPa of that without fibers), i.e., still much greater than that of human trabecular bone (0.1–14 MPa). A significantly higher diametral tensile strength (9.2 ± 0.4 MPa) was found for this cement compared to that without fibers (7.4 ± 1.5 MPa). The work of fracture increased four times to 9.1 ± 1.5 kJ/m2 in comparison to the pristine apatite. In summary, the hydroxyapatite cements could be reinforced by suitable amounts of PVA fibers, which resulted in enhancing the material’s structural integrity and ductility, and increased the material’s resistance to cracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Luo
- Division of Applied Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Box 534, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Julien Faivre
- Division of Applied Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Box 534, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Håkan Engqvist
- Division of Applied Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Box 534, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Cecilia Persson
- Division of Applied Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Box 534, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden.
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36
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Liu J, Liao J, Li Y, Yang Z, Ying Q, Xie Y, Zhou A. Bioactive tetracalcium phosphate/magnesium phosphate composite bone cement for bone repair. J Biomater Appl 2019; 34:239-249. [PMID: 31042122 DOI: 10.1177/0885328219845597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Liu
- 1 School Hospital, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Jianguo Liao
- 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Yanqun Li
- 3 Henan TUORen Medical Group Co. LTD, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhengpeng Yang
- 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Qiwei Ying
- 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Yufen Xie
- 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
| | - Aiguo Zhou
- 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, China
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37
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Kucko NW, de Lacerda Schickert S, Sobral Marques T, Herber RP, van den Beuken JJJP, Zuo Y, Leeuwenburgh SCG. Tough and Osteocompatible Calcium Phosphate Cements Reinforced with Poly(vinyl alcohol) Fibers. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2491-2505. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan W. Kucko
- Department of Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- CAM Bioceramics B.V., Zernikedreef 6 2333 CL, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sónia de Lacerda Schickert
- Department of Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tomás Sobral Marques
- Department of Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ralf-Peter Herber
- CAM Bioceramics B.V., Zernikedreef 6 2333 CL, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J. J. P. van den Beuken
- Department of Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yi Zuo
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University 610064 Chengdu, China
| | - Sander C. G. Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Center, Philips van Leydenlaan 25 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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38
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Xu C, Ma B, Peng J, Gao L, Xu Y, Huan Z, Chang J. Tricalcium silicate/graphene oxide bone cement with photothermal properties for tumor ablation. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:2808-2818. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00246d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Illustration of the Tricalcium silicate/graphene oxide bone cement for bone tumor ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jinliang Peng
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiaotong University
- Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
| | - Long Gao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Xu
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiaotong University
- Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguang Huan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- People's Republic of China
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39
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Lee HJ, Kim B, Padalhin AR, Lee BT. Incorporation of chitosan-alginate complex into injectable calcium phosphate cement system as a bone graft material. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 94:385-392. [PMID: 30423721 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate brushite type of cements have been used to replace bone graft materials because of their biocompatibility and other attractive features. Especially, injectability of cement allows easy handling of minimally invasive surgical techniques. New calcium phosphate cement (CPC) system, brushite based cement incorporated into polyelectrolyte complex, was developed in this study. Chitosan-alginate complex produced by an interaction between a cationic polymer (chitosan) and an anionic polymer (alginate) was loaded in the cement. This improved the functional properties and biocompatibility of the final cement. We optimized the liquid/solid (L/S) ratio of the cement components and investigated the compressive strength, setting time, pH change of CPC0 (with only citric acid) and CPC0.5, 1, and 1.5 (0.5, 1, and 1.5 v/v % chitosan-alginate complex in citric acid solution, respectively). The L/S ratio did not affect structural formation, while the addition of polymer complex showed new formation of macro-pores within CPC. However, a lower L/S ratio and higher amount of added polymer complex shortened the setting time and improved the compressive strength. The appropriate conditions for the injectable bone substitute were CPC1 with an L/S ratio of 0.45. To investigate the effect of the chitosan-alginate complex on CPC system in physiological conditions, CPC0 and CPC1 were implanted in a rabbit femoral head defect model for 1 and 3 months. Micro-computed tomography revealed improved bone formation in CPC1 compared to CPC0 3 months after implantation. Histological analysis revealed newly formed bone tissues around the peripheral sides of CPC0 and CPC1. The results indicate the potential value of the CPC system containing polymer complex as an injectable bone substitute. The study of the CPC-polymer complex system incorporating drugs or cells can be further developed into a controlled release system for faster bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jung Lee
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, South Korea
| | - Boram Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, South Korea
| | - Andrew R Padalhin
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, South Korea
| | - Byong-Taek Lee
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, South Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, South Korea.
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40
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Oesterle A, Boehm AV, Müller FA. Photoluminescent Eu 3+-Doped Calcium Phosphate Bone Cement and Its Mechanical Properties. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11091610. [PMID: 30181495 PMCID: PMC6163723 DOI: 10.3390/ma11091610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPC) are well-established bone replacement materials that have been used in dentistry and orthopedics for more than 25 years. The monitoring of bone cements and the associated healing processes in the human body is difficult and so far has often been achieved using cytotoxic X-ray contrast agent additives. These additives have a negative effect on the mechanical properties and setting time of the bone cement. In this paper, we present a novel approach to prepare contrastive CPC by the incorporation of luminescent Eu3+-doped hydroxyapatite (Eu:HAp) nanoparticles. Eu-doped CPC (Eu:CPC) exhibited enhanced mechanical properties compared to pure CPC. Furthermore, the red photoluminescence of Eu:CPC may allow the observation of CPC-related healing processes without the use of harmful ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Oesterle
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Anne V Boehm
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Frank A Müller
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Löbdergraben 32, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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Kirillova A, Kelly C, Windheim N, Gall K. Bioinspired Mineral-Organic Bioresorbable Bone Adhesive. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800467. [PMID: 29938916 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bioresorbable bone adhesives have potential to revolutionize the clinical treatment of the human skeletal system, ranging from the fixation and osteointegration of permanent implants to the direct healing and fusion of bones without permanent fixation hardware. Despite an unmet need, there are currently no bone adhesives in clinical use that provide a strong enough bond to wet bone while possessing good osteointegration and bioresorbability. Inspired by the sandcastle worm that creates a protective tubular shell around its body using a proteinaceous adhesive, a novel bone adhesive is introduced, based on tetracalcium phosphate and phosphoserine, that cures in minutes in an aqueous environment and provides high bone-to-bone adhesive strength. The new material is measured to be 10 times more adhesive than bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement and 7.5 times more adhesive than non-resorbable poly(methyl methacrylate) bone cement, both of which are standard of care in the clinic today. The bone adhesive also demonstrates chemical adhesion to titanium approximately twice that of its adhesion to bone, unlocking the potential for adherence to metallic implants during surrounding bony incorporation. Finally, the bone adhesive is shown to demonstrate osteointegration and bioresorbability over a 52-week period in a critically sized distal femur defect in rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kirillova
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Edmund T. Pratt Jr., School of Engineering Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Cambre Kelly
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Edmund T. Pratt Jr., School of Engineering Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Natalia Windheim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Edmund T. Pratt Jr., School of Engineering Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - Ken Gall
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Edmund T. Pratt Jr., School of Engineering Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA
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42
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Ortega Z, Alemán ME, Donate R. Nanofibers and Microfibers for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1058:97-123. [PMID: 29691819 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-76711-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The use of fibers into scaffolds is a way to mimic natural tissues, in which fibrils are embedded in a matrix. The use of fibers can improve the mechanical properties of the scaffolds and may act as structural support for cell growth. Also, as the morphology of fibrous scaffolds is similar to the natural extracellular matrix, cells cultured on these scaffolds tend to maintain their phenotypic shape. Different materials and techniques can be used to produce micrfibers- and nanofibers for scaffolds manufacturing; cells, in general, adhere and proliferate very well on PCL, chitosan, silk fibroin, and other nanofibers. One of the most important techniques to produce microfibers/nanofibers is electrospinning. Nanofibrous scaffolds are receiving increasing attention in bone tissue engineering, because they are able to offer a favorable microenvironment for cell attachment and growth. Different polymers can be electrospun, i.e., polyester, polyurethane, PLA, PCL, collagen, and silk. Other materials such as bioglass fibers, nanocellulose, and even carbon fiber and fabrics have been used to help increase bioactivity, mechanical properties of the scaffold, and cell proliferation. A compilation of mechanical properties and most common biological tests performed on fibrous scaffolds is included in this chapter. HIGHLIGHTS The use of microfibers and nanofibers allows for tailoring the scaffold properties. Electrospinning is one of the most important techniques nowadays to produce fibrous scaffolds. Microfibers and nanofibers use in scaffolds is a promising field to improve the behavior of scaffolds in osteochondral applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaida Ortega
- Grupo de investigación en Fabricación Integrada y Avanzada, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain.
| | - María Elena Alemán
- Grupo de investigación en Fabricación Integrada y Avanzada, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Ricardo Donate
- Grupo de investigación en Fabricación Integrada y Avanzada, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
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Abstract
Calcium phosphates have long been used as synthetic bone grafts. Recent studies have shown that the modulation of composition and textural properties, such as nano-, micro- and macro-porosity, is a powerful strategy to control and synchronize material resorption and bone formation.Biomimetic calcium phosphates, which closely mimic the composition and structure of bone mineral, can be produced using low-temperature processing routes, and offer the possibility to modulate the material properties to a larger extent than conventional high temperature sintering processes.Advanced technologies open up new possibilities in the design of bioceramics for bone regeneration; 3D-printing technologies, in combination with the development of hybrid materials with enhanced mechanical properties, supported by finite element modelling tools, are expected to enable the design and fabrication of mechanically competent patient-specific bone grafts.The association of ions, drugs and cells allows leveraging of the osteogenic potential of bioceramic scaffolds in compromised clinical situations, where the intrinsic bone regeneration potential is impaired. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170056.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Spain
| | - Montserrat Espanol
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Spain
| | - Yassine Maazouz
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Spain
- Mimetis Biomaterials, Spain
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Pountos I, Giannoudis PV. Drug-eluting implants for the suppression of metastatic bone disease: current insights. Expert Rev Med Devices 2018; 15:301-311. [PMID: 29561689 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2018.1456336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The fixation of impending or pathologic fractures is challenging and their successful management can have a favourable impact on the quality of life of the patient. The progression of the metastatic bone disease can cause significant pain and disability but also could result in the loosening and subsequent failure of the implants. To prevent the additional local growth, postoperative radiotherapy is often recommended, and many patients receive endocrine or chemotherapy. AREAS COVERED Several reports support the antineoplastic drugs to bone cement as an adjuvant to improve implant stability as well as to prevent local cancer progression and failure of reconstructive devices used to treat patients with pathologic fractures. The aim of the present review is to present our current understanding on the effect of local delivery of antineoplastic drugs at the bone site. EXPERT COMMENTARY Encouraging evidence support the application of bone cement loaded with antineoplastic drugs to fill defects and strengthen the fixation of orthopaedic implants. This is an inexpensive and safe method that can improve implant stability, prevent local cancer progression and failure of reconstructive devices. To fully evaluate its clinical effectiveness randomized clinical studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippokratis Pountos
- a Academic Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine , University of Leeds , Leeds , UK
| | - Peter V Giannoudis
- a Academic Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine , University of Leeds , Leeds , UK
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The Mechanical Properties of Biocompatible Apatite Bone Cement Reinforced with Chemically Activated Carbon Fibers. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11020192. [PMID: 29373487 PMCID: PMC5848889 DOI: 10.3390/ma11020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is a well-established bone replacement material in dentistry and orthopedics. CPC mimics the physicochemical properties of natural bone and therefore shows excellent in vivo behavior. However, due to their brittleness, the application of CPC implants is limited to non-load bearing areas. Generally, the fiber-reinforcement of ceramic materials enhances fracture resistance, but simultaneously reduces the strength of the composite. Combining strong C-fiber reinforcement with a hydroxyapatite to form a CPC with a chemical modification of the fiber surface allowed us to adjust the fiber-matrix interface and consequently the fracture behavior. Thus, we could demonstrate enhanced mechanical properties of CPC in terms of bending strength and work of fracture to a strain of 5% (WOF5). Hereby, the strength increased by a factor of four from 9.2 ± 1.7 to 38.4 ± 1.7 MPa. Simultaneously, the WOF5 increased from 0.02 ± 0.004 to 2.0 ± 0.6 kJ∙m-2, when utilizing an aqua regia/CaCl₂ pretreatment. The cell proliferation and activity of MG63 osteoblast-like cells as biocompatibility markers were not affected by fiber addition nor by fiber treatment. CPC reinforced with chemically activated C-fibers is a promising bone replacement material for load-bearing applications.
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Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate (CaPO4) Formulations. SPRINGER SERIES IN BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-5975-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Xu HHK, Wang P, Wang L, Bao C, Chen Q, Weir MD, Chow LC, Zhao L, Zhou X, Reynolds MA. Calcium phosphate cements for bone engineering and their biological properties. Bone Res 2017; 5:17056. [PMID: 29354304 PMCID: PMC5764120 DOI: 10.1038/boneres.2017.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are frequently used to repair bone defects. Since their discovery in the 1980s, extensive research has been conducted to improve their properties, and emerging evidence supports their increased application in bone tissue engineering. Much effort has been made to enhance the biological performance of CPCs, including their biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, biodegradability, bioactivity, and interactions with cells. This review article focuses on the major recent developments in CPCs, including 3D printing, injectability, stem cell delivery, growth factor and drug delivery, and pre-vascularization of CPC scaffolds via co-culture and tri-culture techniques to enhance angiogenesis and osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hockin HK Xu
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and
Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry,
Baltimore, MD
21201, USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative
Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore,
MD
21201, USA
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart
Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine,
Baltimore, MD
21201, USA
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University
of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD
21250, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and
Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry,
Baltimore, MD
21201, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West
China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
Sichuan
610041, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and
Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry,
Baltimore, MD
21201, USA
- VIP Integrated Department, Stomatological
Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin
130011, China
| | - Chongyun Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West
China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
Sichuan
610041, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West
China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
Sichuan
610041, China
| | - Michael D Weir
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and
Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry,
Baltimore, MD
21201, USA
| | - Laurence C Chow
- Volpe Research Center, American Dental
Association Foundation, National Institute of Standards & Technology,
Gaithersburg, MD
20899, USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and
Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry,
Baltimore, MD
21201, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanfang
Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou,
Guangdong
510515, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West
China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu,
Sichuan
610041, China
| | - Mark A Reynolds
- Department of Endodontics, Periodontics and
Prosthodontics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry,
Baltimore, MD
21201, USA
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A novel strategy to enhance interfacial adhesion in fiber-reinforced calcium phosphate cement. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 75:495-503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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49
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Xie H, Ji Y, Tian Q, Wang X, Zhang N, Zhang Y, Xu J, Wang N, Yan J. Autogenous bone particle/titanium fiber composites for bone regeneration in a rabbit radius critical-size defect model. Connect Tissue Res 2017; 58:553-561. [PMID: 28095112 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2017.1281259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the effects of autogenous bone particle/titanium fiber composites on repairing segmental bone defects in rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS A model of bilateral radial bone defect was established in 36 New Zealand white rabbits which were randomly divided into 3 groups according to filling materials used for bilaterally defect treatment: in group C, 9 animal bone defect areas were prepared into simple bilateral radius bone defect (empty sham) as the control group; 27 rabbits were used in groups ABP and ABP-Ti. In group ABP, left defects were simply implanted with autogenous bone particles; meanwhile, group ABP-Ti animals had right defects implanted with autogenous bone particle/titanium fiber composites. Animals were sacrificed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively, after operation. RESULTS Micro-CT showed that group C could not complete bone regeneration. Bone volume to tissue volume values in group ABP-Ti were better than group ABP. From histology and histomorphometry Groups ABP and ABP-Ti achieved bone repair, the bone formation of group ABP-Ti was better. The mechanical strength of group ABP-Ti was superior to that of other groups. CONCLUSIONS These results confirmed the effectiveness of autologous bone particle/titanium fiber composites for promoting bone regeneration and mechanical strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanxin Xie
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , China
| | - Ye Ji
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , China
| | - Qi Tian
- b Department of Stomatology, Zhaochunyu Dental Clinic , Harbin , China
| | - Xintao Wang
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , China
| | - Nan Zhang
- c Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College , Qiqihar , China
| | - Yicai Zhang
- d Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harbin the First Hospital , Harbin , China
| | - Jun Xu
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , China
| | - Nanxiang Wang
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , China
| | - Jinglong Yan
- a Department of Orthopaedic Surgery , the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University , Harbin , China
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Schamel M, Barralet JE, Gelinsky M, Groll J, Gbureck U. Intrinsic 3D Prestressing: A New Route for Increasing Strength and Improving Toughness of Hybrid Inorganic Biocements. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1701035. [PMID: 28714141 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201701035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cement is the most consumed resource and is the most widely used material globally. The ability to extrinsically prestress cementitious materials with tendons usually made from steel allows the creation of high-strength bridges and floors from this otherwise brittle material. Here, a dual setting cement system based on the combination of hydraulic cement powder with an aqueous silk fibroin solution that intrinsically generates a 3D prestressing during setting, dramatically toughening the cement to the point it can be cut with scissors, is reported. Changes of both ionic concentration and pH during cement setting are shown to create an interpenetrating silk fibroin inorganic composite with the combined properties of the elastic polymer and the rigid cement. These hybrid cements are self-densifying and show typical ductile fracture behavior when dry and a high elasticity under wet conditions with mechanical properties (bending and compressive strength) nearly an order of magnitude higher than the fibroin-free cement reference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Schamel
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| | - Jake E Barralet
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, 1650 Cedar Ave., Montréal, Québec, H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, Dresden, 01307, Germany
| | - Jürgen Groll
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
| | - Uwe Gbureck
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, Würzburg, 97070, Germany
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