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Huang K, Wen XQ, Zhang W, Wang JX, Liang Y, Li WQ, Wang YH, Liang MM, Jing AR, Ma J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Gao J. Predictive Value of 5-Methoxytryptophan on Long-Term Clinical Outcome after PCI in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction-a Prospective Cohort Study. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-024-10518-6. [PMID: 38683422 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-024-10518-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, 5-Methoxytryptophan (5-MTP) has been identified as an endothelial factor with vaso-protective and anti-inflammatory properties. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, a total of 407 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) successfully were enrolled. A 1-year follow-up Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used for evaluating the correlation between 5-MTP and major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) while Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to identify predictive values of 5-MTP on MACE after AMI. RESULTS Increased 5-MTP level led to a significant downtrend in the incidence of MACE (All Log-rank p < 0.05). Thus, a high baseline 5-MTP could reduce the 1-year incidence of MACE (HR = 0.33, 95%Cl 0.17-0.64, p = 0.001) and heart failure (HF) (HR = 0.28, 95% Cl 0.13-0.62, p = 0.002). Subgroup analysis indicated the predictive value of 5-MTP was more significant in patients aged ≤ 65 years and those with higher baseline NT-proBNP, T2DM, STEMI, and baseline HF with preserved LVEF (HFpEF) characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Plasma 5-MTP is an independent and protective early biomarker for 1-year MACE and HF events in patients with AMI, especially in younger patients and those with T2DM, STEMI, and baseline HFpEF characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Huang
- Thoracic Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qi Xiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, No.261 Tai Erzhuang Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300222, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qin Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, No.261 Tai Erzhuang Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300222, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Xian Wang
- Thoracic Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qi Xiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Liang
- Thoracic Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qi Xiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Qing Li
- Thoracic Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qi Xiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hang Wang
- Thoracic Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qi Xiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao-Miao Liang
- Thoracic Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qi Xiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - An-Ran Jing
- Thoracic Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qi Xiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ma
- Cardiovascular Institute, Tianjin Chest Hospital, No.261 Tai Erzhuang Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300222, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Cardiovascular Institute, Tianjin Chest Hospital, No.261 Tai Erzhuang Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300222, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, No.261 Tai Erzhuang Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300222, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Gao
- Thoracic Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, No.22 Qi Xiangtai Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300070, People's Republic of China.
- Cardiovascular Institute, Tianjin Chest Hospital, No.261 Tai Erzhuang Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300222, People's Republic of China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Emergency and Critical Care, Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Bureau, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
- Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, No.92 Weijin Road Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, People's Republic of China.
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Rather MA, Gupta K, Mandal M. Microbial biofilm: formation, architecture, antibiotic resistance, and control strategies. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1701-1718. [PMID: 34558029 PMCID: PMC8578483 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00624-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The assembly of microorganisms over a surface and their ability to develop resistance against available antibiotics are major concerns of interest. To survive against harsh environmental conditions including known antibiotics, the microorganisms form a unique structure, referred to as biofilm. The mechanism of biofilm formation is triggered and regulated by quorum sensing, hostile environmental conditions, nutrient availability, hydrodynamic conditions, cell-to-cell communication, signaling cascades, and secondary messengers. Antibiotic resistance, escape of microbes from the body's immune system, recalcitrant infections, biofilm-associated deaths, and food spoilage are some of the problems associated with microbial biofilms which pose a threat to humans, veterinary, and food processing sectors. In this review, we focus in detail on biofilm formation, its architecture, composition, genes and signaling cascades involved, and multifold antibiotic resistance exhibited by microorganisms dwelling within biofilms. We also highlight different physical, chemical, and biological biofilm control strategies including those based on plant products. So, this review aims at providing researchers the knowledge regarding recent advances on the mechanisms involved in biofilm formation at the molecular level as well as the emergent method used to get rid of antibiotic-resistant and life-threatening biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Ahmad Rather
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University (A Central University), Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Kuldeep Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University (A Central University), Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Manabendra Mandal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University (A Central University), Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India.
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