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Zolotareva M, Cascalheira F, Caneiras C, Bárbara C, Caetano DM, Teixeira MC. In the flow of molecular miniaturized fungal diagnosis. Trends Biotechnol 2024:S0167-7799(24)00157-4. [PMID: 38987118 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The diagnosis of fungal infections presents several challenges and limitations, stemming from the similarities in symptomatology, diversity of underlying pathogenic species, complexity of fungal biology, and scarcity of rapid, affordable, and point-of-care approaches. In this review, we assess technological advances enabling the conversion of cutting-edge laboratory molecular diagnostic methods to cost-effective microfluidic devices. The most promising strategies toward the design of DNA sequence-based fungal diagnostic systems, capable of capturing and deciphering the highly informative DNA of the pathogen and adapted for resource-limited settings, are discussed, bridging fungal biology, molecular genetics, microfluidics, and biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zolotareva
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias, INESC-, MN, 1000-029 Lisboa, Portugal; iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy - i4HB, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Francisco Cascalheira
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias, INESC-, MN, 1000-029 Lisboa, Portugal; iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy - i4HB, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cátia Caneiras
- Environmental Health Institute (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory TERRA, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal; Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Egas Moniz School of Health and Science, 2829-511 Almada, Portugal; Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina Bárbara
- Environmental Health Institute (ISAMB), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory TERRA, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal; Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600-190, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Diogo Miguel Caetano
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias, INESC-, MN, 1000-029 Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Miguel Cacho Teixeira
- iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy - i4HB, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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2
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Hussen BM, Najmadden ZB, Abdullah SR, Rasul MF, Mustafa SA, Ghafouri-Fard S, Taheri M. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing: a novel strategy for fighting drug resistance in respiratory disorders. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:329. [PMID: 38877530 PMCID: PMC11179281 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01713-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory disorders are among the conditions that affect the respiratory system. The healthcare sector faces challenges due to the emergence of drug resistance to prescribed medications for these illnesses. However, there is a technology called CRISPR/Cas9, which uses RNA to guide DNA targeting. This technology has revolutionized our ability to manipulate and visualize the genome, leading to advancements in research and treatment development. It can effectively reverse epigenetic alterations that contribute to drug resistance. Some studies focused on health have shown that targeting genes using CRISPR/Cas9 can be challenging when it comes to reducing drug resistance in patients with respiratory disorders. Nevertheless, it is important to acknowledge the limitations of this technology, such as off-target effects, immune system reactions to Cas9, and challenges associated with delivery methods. Despite these limitations, this review aims to provide knowledge about CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing tools and explore how they can help overcome resistance in patients with respiratory disorders. Additionally, this study discusses concerns related to applications of CRISPR and provides an overview of successful clinical trial studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Zana Baqi Najmadden
- Research Center, University of Halabja, Halabja, 46018, Kurdistan region, Iraq
| | - Snur Rasool Abdullah
- Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Lebanese French University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Fatih Rasul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Basic Science, Tishk International University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Suhad A Mustafa
- General Directorate of Scientific Research Center, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
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Gudisa R, Harchand R, Rudramurthy SM. Nucleic-Acid-Based Molecular Fungal Diagnostics: A Way to a Better Future. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:520. [PMID: 38472992 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14050520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The world has seen a tremendous increase in the number of fungal infections during the past two decades. Recently, the World Health Organisation released the pathogen priority list for fungal infections, signifying the importance of these infections in the fields of research and public health. Microbiology laboratories demand an upgrade in the diagnostic system to keep up with the increased burden of these infections. Diagnosis of fungal infections using conventional techniques has always faced limitations in terms of specificity, sensitivity, and turnaround time. Although these methods are the core pillars of the diagnosis, there is an increased need for molecular approaches. Molecular techniques have revolutionised the field of fungal diagnostics. The diverse array of molecular techniques, including techniques like Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), have emerged as a cornerstone in fungal diagnostics. Molecular techniques have transformed fungal diagnostics, providing powerful tools for the rapid and accurate identification of pathogens. As these technologies continue to evolve, their integration into routine clinical practice holds the promise of improving patient outcomes through timely and targeted antifungal interventions. This review will cover the molecular approaches involved in fungal diagnostics, moving from the basic techniques to the advanced-level nucleic-acid-based molecular approaches providing a high throughput and decreased turnaround time for the diagnosis of serious fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Gudisa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Ritika Harchand
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Shivaprakash M Rudramurthy
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
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Zhu XX, Wang YS, Li SJ, Peng RQ, Wen X, Peng H, Shi QS, Zhou G, Xie XB, Wang J. Rapid detection of mexX in Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on CRISPR-Cas13a coupled with recombinase polymerase amplification. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1341179. [PMID: 38357344 PMCID: PMC10864651 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1341179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The principal pathogen responsible for chronic urinary tract infections, immunocompromised hosts, and cystic fibrosis patients is Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is difficult to eradicate. Due to the extensive use of antibiotics, multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa has evolved, complicating clinical therapy. Therefore, a rapid and efficient approach for detecting P. aeruginosa strains and their resistance genes is necessary for early clinical diagnosis and appropriate treatment. This study combines recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-association protein 13a (CRISPR-Cas13a) to establish a one-tube and two-step reaction systems for detecting the mexX gene in P. aeruginosa. The test times for one-tube and two-step RPA-Cas13a methods were 5 and 40 min (including a 30 min RPA amplification reaction), respectively. Both methods outperform Quantitative Real-time Polymerase Chain Reactions (qRT-PCR) and traditional PCR. The limit of detection (LoD) of P. aeruginosa genome in one-tube and two-step RPA-Cas13a is 10 aM and 1 aM, respectively. Meanwhile, the designed primers have a high specificity for P. aeruginosa mexX gene. These two methods were also verified with actual samples isolated from industrial settings and demonstrated great accuracy. Furthermore, the results of the two-step RPA-Cas13a assay could also be visualized using a commercial lateral flow dipstick with a LoD of 10 fM, which is a useful adjunt to the gold-standard qRT-PCR assay in field detection. Taken together, the procedure developed in this study using RPA and CRISPR-Cas13a provides a simple and fast way for detecting resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xuan Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying-Si Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Su-Juan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ru-Qun Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing-Shan Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Bao Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Calderón IL, Barros MJ, Fernández-Navarro N, Acuña LG. Detection of Nucleic Acids of the Fish Pathogen Yersinia ruckeri from Planktonic and Biofilm Samples with a CRISPR/Cas13a-Based Assay. Microorganisms 2024; 12:283. [PMID: 38399687 PMCID: PMC10892712 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Yersinia ruckeri is the cause of hemorrhagic septicemia, known as enteric redmouth disease, in salmonid fish species. This bacterial pathogen can form biofilms on abiotic surfaces of aquaculture settings or even on the surfaces of the fish themselves, contributing to their persistence in the aquatic environment. Detection methods for this and other fish pathogens can be time-consuming and lack specificity and sensitivity, limiting timely monitoring, the treatment of microbial infections, and effective control of their transmission in aquaculture settings. Rapid and sensitive detection methods for nucleic acids can be crucial for an appropriate surveillance of bacterial pathogens, and the CRISPR/Cas-based assays have emerged as a good alternative since it has been proven to be a useful tool for the rapid, specific, and sensitive detection of viruses and some bacteria. In this study, we explored the capability of the CRISPR/Cas13a system (SHERLOCK) to specifically detect both DNA and RNA (gene transcripts) from planktonic and biofilm samples of the bacterial fish pathogen Y. ruckeri. The assay was designed to detect the gyrA gene and the small noncoding RNAs (sRNAs) MicA and RprA from planktonic cultures and biofilm samples prepared in marine broth. The specific crRNA designed for these gene targets included a 28 nt specific gene sequence, and a scaffold sequence necessary for Cas13-binding. For all the assays, the nucleic acids obtained from samples were previously subjected to isothermal amplification with the recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) method and the subsequent T7 transcription of the RPA amplicons. Finally, the detection of nucleic acids of Y. ruckeri was by means of a reporter signal released by the Cas13a collateral RNA cleavage triggered upon target recognition, measured by fluorescence- or lateral-flow-based readouts. This CRISPR/Cas13a-based assay was able to specifically detect both DNA and sRNAs from the Y. ruckeri samples, and the sensitivity was comparable to that obtained with qPCR analysis, highlighting the potential applicability of this CRISPR/Cas13a-based assay for fish pathogen surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván L. Calderón
- Laboratorio de RNAs Bacterianos, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; (M.J.B.); (N.F.-N.)
| | | | | | - Lillian G. Acuña
- Laboratorio de RNAs Bacterianos, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile; (M.J.B.); (N.F.-N.)
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Xu R, Li D, Zhao J, Zhong H, Chen H, Jia Y, Chen F, Han L. Rapid detection of Mucorales based on recombinase polymerase amplification and real-time PCR. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1273073. [PMID: 37954252 PMCID: PMC10635347 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1273073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucormycosis, an invasive fungal disease with severe consequences, poses a significant threat to immunocompromised individuals. However, the timely and accurate identification of Mucorales infection continues to present difficulties. In this study, novel detection techniques utilizing recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were developed, specifically targeting the mitochondrial rnl gene, in order to address this challenge. The specificity of the RPA and qPCR assay was assessed by adding genomic DNAs extracted from 14 non-targeted strains, as well as human and mouse blood. No false-positive results were observed. Additionally, genomic DNAs from 13 species in five genera of order Mucorales were tested and yielded positive results in both methods. To further evaluate the sensitivity of the assays, DNAs from Rhizopus oryzae, Mucor racemosus, Absidia glauca, Rhizomucor miehei, and Cunninghamella bertholletiae were utilized, with concentrations ranging from 1 ng/μL to 1 fg/μL. The limit of detection (LoD) for the RPA assay was determined to be 1 pg., with the exception of Rhizomucor miehei which had a LoD of 1 ng. The LoD for the qPCR assay varied between 10 fg and 1 pg., depending on the specific species being tested. Sensitivity analysis conducted on simulated clinical samples revealed that the LoD for RPA and qPCR assays were capable of detecting DNA extracted from 103 and 101 colony forming units (CFU) conidia in 200 μL of blood and serum, respectively. Consequently, the real-time RPA and qPCR assays developed in this study exhibited favorable sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of mucormycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xu
- Department for Disinfection and Infection Control, Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Dingchen Li
- Department for Disinfection and Infection Control, Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jingya Zhao
- Department for Disinfection and Infection Control, Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Hanying Zhong
- Department for Disinfection and Infection Control, Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department for Disinfection and Infection Control, Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yajing Jia
- Department for Disinfection and Infection Control, Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fangyan Chen
- Department for Disinfection and Infection Control, Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Li Han
- Department for Disinfection and Infection Control, Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Qiao J, Zhao Z, Li Y, Lu M, Man S, Ye S, Zhang Q, Ma L. Recent advances of food safety detection by nucleic acid isothermal amplification integrated with CRISPR/Cas. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37691410 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2246558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Food safety problems have become one of the most important public health issues worldwide. Therefore, the development of rapid, effective and robust detection is of great importance. Amongst a range of methods, nucleic acid isothermal amplification (NAIA) plays a great role in food safety detection. However, the widespread application remains limited due to a few shortcomings. CRISPR/Cas system has emerged as a powerful tool in nucleic acid detection, which could be readily integrated with NAIA to improve the detection sensitivity, specificity, adaptability versatility and dependability. However, currently there was a lack of a comprehensive summary regarding the integration of NAIA and CRISPR/Cas in the field of food safety detection. In this review, the recent advances in food safety detection based on CRISPR/Cas-integrated NAIA were comprehensively reviewed. To begin with, the development of NAIA was summarized. Then, the types and working principles of CRISPR/Cas were introduced. The applications of the integration of NAIA and CRISPR/Cas for food safety were mainly introduced and objectively discussed. Lastly, current challenges and future opportunities were proposed. In summary, this technology is expected to become an important approach for food safety detection, leading to a safer and more reliable food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Minghui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengying Ye
- Pharmacy Department, The 983th Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the, Chinese People's Liberation Army, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Branch of Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
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Gong P, Shi R, Tang J, Wang J, Luo Q, Zhang J, Ruan X, Wang C, Chen W. Effect of Exogenous and Endogenous Ectoine on Monascus Development, Metabolism, and Pigment Stability. Foods 2023; 12:3217. [PMID: 37685150 PMCID: PMC10486468 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Monascus, a key player in fermented food production, is known for generating Monascus pigments (MPs) and monacolin K (MK), possessing bioactive properties. However, the limited stability of MPs and mycotoxin citrinin (CTN) constrain the Monascus industry. Extremolytes like ectoine, derived from bacteria, exhibit cytoprotective potential. Here, we investigated the impact of ectoine on Monascus purpureus ATCC 16365, emphasizing development and secondary metabolism. Exogenous 5 mM ectoine supplementation substantially increased the yields of MPs and MK (105%-150%) and reduced CTN production. Ectoine influenced mycelial growth, spore development, and gene expression in Monascus. Remarkably, ectoine biosynthesis was achieved in Monascus, showing comparable effects to exogenous addition. Notably, endogenous ectoine effectively enhanced the stability of MPs under diverse stress conditions. Our findings propose an innovative strategy for augmenting the production and stability of bioactive compounds while reducing CTN levels, advancing the Monascus industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Gong
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (P.G.); (R.S.); (J.T.); (J.W.); (Q.L.); (J.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Ruoyu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (P.G.); (R.S.); (J.T.); (J.W.); (Q.L.); (J.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Jiali Tang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (P.G.); (R.S.); (J.T.); (J.W.); (Q.L.); (J.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Jiaying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (P.G.); (R.S.); (J.T.); (J.W.); (Q.L.); (J.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Qiaoqiao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (P.G.); (R.S.); (J.T.); (J.W.); (Q.L.); (J.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Jia’ao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (P.G.); (R.S.); (J.T.); (J.W.); (Q.L.); (J.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Xiaochun Ruan
- Yanjin Biotechnology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102300, China;
| | - Chengtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (P.G.); (R.S.); (J.T.); (J.W.); (Q.L.); (J.Z.); (C.W.)
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China; (P.G.); (R.S.); (J.T.); (J.W.); (Q.L.); (J.Z.); (C.W.)
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9
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Zhao L, Qiu M, Li X, Yang J, Li J. CRISPR-Cas13a system: A novel tool for molecular diagnostics. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1060947. [PMID: 36569102 PMCID: PMC9772028 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1060947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system is a natural adaptive immune system of prokaryotes. The CRISPR-Cas system is currently divided into two classes and six types: types I, III, and IV in class 1 systems and types II, V, and VI in class 2 systems. Among the CRISPR-Cas type VI systems, the CRISPR/Cas13a system has been the most widely characterized for its application in molecular diagnostics, gene therapy, gene editing, and RNA imaging. Moreover, because of the trans-cleavage activity of Cas13a and the high specificity of its CRISPR RNA, the CRISPR/Cas13a system has enormous potential in the field of molecular diagnostics. Herein, we summarize the applications of the CRISPR/Cas13a system in the detection of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, parasites, chlamydia, and fungus; biomarkers, such as microRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs; and some non-nucleic acid targets, including proteins, ions, and methyl groups. Meanwhile, we highlight the working principles of some novel Cas13a-based detection methods, including the Specific High-Sensitivity Enzymatic Reporter UnLOCKing (SHERLOCK) and its improved versions, Cas13a-based nucleic acid amplification-free biosensors, and Cas13a-based biosensors for non-nucleic acid target detection. Finally, we focus on some issues that need to be solved and the development prospects of the CRISPR/Cas13a system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Zhao
- Department of Biosafety, School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Immunology, PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Minyue Qiu
- Department of Biosafety, School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Immunology, PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaojia Li
- Department of Biosafety, School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juanzhen Yang
- Department of Biosafety, School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jintao Li
- Department of Biosafety, School of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China,Institute of Immunology, PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Jintao Li,
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