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Wagenhäuser I, Almanzar G, Förg FB, Stein A, Eiter I, Reusch J, Mees J, Herzog A, Vogel U, Frey A, Lâm TT, Schubert-Unkmeir A, Dölken L, Kurzai O, Frantz S, Gabel A, Petri N, Prelog M, Krone M. Heterologous and homologous COVID-19 mRNA vaccination schemes for induction of basic immunity show similar immunogenicity regarding long-term spike-specific cellular immunity in healthcare workers. Vaccine 2024:126132. [PMID: 39034219 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are recommended to receive at least three spike-antigen exposures to generate basic immunity and to mediate herd protection of vulnerable patients. So far, less attention has been put on the cellular immune response induced by homologous (three BTN162b2mRNA doses) or heterologous (mRNA-1273 as third dose building on two BTN162bmRNA doses) and the immunological impact of breakthrough infections (BTIs). Therefore, in 356 vaccinated HCWs with or without BTIs the Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike-IgG concentrations and avidities and B- and T-cell-reactivity against SARS-CoV-2-Spike-S1- and Nucleocapsid-antigens were assessed with Interferon-gamma-ELISpot and by flow-cytometry. HCWs who had hybrid immunity due to BTIs exhibited strong T-cell-reactivity against the Spike-S1-antigen. A lasso regression model revealed a significant reduction in T-cell immune responses among smokers (p < 0.0001), with less significant impact observed for age, sex, heterologous vaccination, body-mass-index, Anti-Nucleocapsid T-cell reactivity, days since last COVID-19-immunization, and Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike-IgG. Although subgroup analysis revealed higher Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike-IgG after heterologous vaccination, similar cellular reactivity and percentages of Spike-reactive T- and B-cells were found between homologous and heterologous vaccination. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike-IgG concentrations and avidity significantly correlated with activated T-cells. CD4 + and CD8 + responses correlated with each other. A strong long-term cellular immune response should be considered as baseline for recommendations of booster doses in HCWs with prioritization of smokers. HCWs presented significant T-cellular reactivity towards Spike-S1-antigen with particularly strong responses in hybrid immunized HCWs who had BTIs. HCWs without BTI presented similar percentages of Spike-specific B- and T-cells between homologous or heterologous vaccination indicating similar immunogenicity for both mRNA vaccines, BNT162b2mRNA and mRNA-1273.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabell Wagenhäuser
- Infection Control and Antimicrobial Stewardship Unit, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Giovanni Almanzar
- Pediatric Rheumatology/Special Immunology / Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Franziska Bernhardine Förg
- Pediatric Rheumatology/Special Immunology / Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Astrid Stein
- Pediatric Rheumatology/Special Immunology / Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Isabella Eiter
- Infection Control and Antimicrobial Stewardship Unit, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Julia Reusch
- Infection Control and Antimicrobial Stewardship Unit, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Juliane Mees
- Infection Control and Antimicrobial Stewardship Unit, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Anna Herzog
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Ulrich Vogel
- Infection Control and Antimicrobial Stewardship Unit, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany; Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Anna Frey
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Thiên-Trí Lâm
- Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Alexandra Schubert-Unkmeir
- Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Lars Dölken
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Oliver Kurzai
- Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology - Hans-Knoell-Institute, Jena, 07745, Germany
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Alexander Gabel
- Infection Control and Antimicrobial Stewardship Unit, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Nils Petri
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Martina Prelog
- Pediatric Rheumatology/Special Immunology / Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany.
| | - Manuel Krone
- Infection Control and Antimicrobial Stewardship Unit, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany; Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
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Mak WA, Visser W, Koeleman JGM, Ong DSY. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses: a comparative analysis between QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2, T-SPOT.COVID, and an in-house Omicron ELISpot. J Virol Methods 2024; 327:114949. [PMID: 38710307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2024.114949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T cell immunity plays a pivotal role in mitigating the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, reliable functional T cell assays are required to evaluate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific T cell immunity in specific patient populations. METHODS We recruited a cohort of 23 healthcare workers who received their bivalent Omicron BA.1 / ancestral mRNA booster vaccination or were infected with the Omicron variant at a median of 144 days and 227 days before blood collection, respectively. In this cohort, we compared the performances of two widely utilized commercial SARS-CoV-2 interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs), i.e., QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 and T-SPOT.COVID, and an in-house designed Omicron enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot). RESULTS The QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2 and T-SPOT.COVID assays detected SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific T cells in 34.8 % and 21.7 % of participants, respectively. Moreover, our in-house designed ELISpot that included Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 full-spike peptides detected T cell responses in 47.8 % of participants and was strongly associated with the T-SPOT.COVID. CONCLUSION The evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 T cell immunity using commercially accessible assays may yield disparate outcomes as results from different assays are not directly comparable. A specific Omicron ELISpot should be considered to assess Omicron-specific T cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willem A Mak
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Wendy Visser
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes G M Koeleman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - David S Y Ong
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Stambouli N, Bahrini K, Romdhani C, Rebai A, Boughariou S, Zakraoui M, Arfaoui B, Seyli S, Boukhalfa Y, Battikh R, Moussa MB, Labbene I, Ferjani M, Gharssallah H. Humoral and cellular response of two different vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in a group of healthcare workers: An observational study. J Immunol Methods 2024; 528:113665. [PMID: 38490578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2024.113665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
On March 13, 2021, Tunisia started a widespread immunization program against SARS-CoV-2 utilizing different vaccinations that had been given emergency approval. Herein, we followed prospectively a cohort of participant who received COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer BioNTech and Sputnik-Gameleya V). The goal of this follow-up was to define the humoral and cellular immunological profile after immunization by assessing neutralizing antibodies and IFN- γ release. 26 vaccinated health care workers by Pfizer BioNTech (n=12) and Sputnik-Gameleya V (n=14) were enrolled from June to December 2021 in Military hospital of Tunis. All consenting participants were sampled for peripheral blood after three weeks of vaccination. The humoral response was investigated by the titer of anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to S1 protein. The CD4 and CD8 T cell responses were evaluated by the QuantiFERON® SARS-CoV-2 (Qiagen® Basel, Switzerland). Regardless the type of vaccine, the assessment of humoral and cellular response following vaccination showed a strong involvement of the later with expression of IFN-γ as compared to antibodies secretion. Moreover, we showed that people with past SARS-CoV-2 infection developed high levels of antibodies than those who are not previously infected. However, no significant difference was detected concerning interferon gamma (IFN-γ) expression by CD4 and CD8 T cells in health care worker (HCW) previously infection or not with COVID-19 infection. Analysis of immune response according to the type of vaccine, we found that Pfizer BioNTech induced high level of humoral response (91.66%) followed by Sputnik-Gameleya V (64.28%). However, adenovirus vaccine gave a better cellular response (57.14%) than mRNA vaccine (41.66%). Regarding the immune response following vaccine doses, we revealed a significant increase of neutralizing antibodies and IFN-γ release by T cells in patients fully vaccinated as compared to those who have received just one vaccine. Collectively, our data revealed a similar immune response between Pfizer BioNTech and Sputnik-Gameleya V vaccine with a slight increase of humoral response by mRNA vaccine and cellular response by adenovirus vaccine. It's evident that past SARS-CoV-2 infection was a factor that contributed to the vaccination's increased immunogenicity. However, the administration of full doses of vaccines (Pfizer BioNTech or Sputnik-Gameleya V) induces better humoral and cellular responses detectable even more than three months following vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nejla Stambouli
- Research Unit UR17DN05, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Khadija Bahrini
- Research Unit UR17DN05, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia; University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Chihebeddine Romdhani
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Aicha Rebai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sana Boughariou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Zakraoui
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Bilel Arfaoui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sameh Seyli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yasmine Boukhalfa
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Riadh Battikh
- Department of Infectious Disease, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ben Moussa
- Laboratory of Virology, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Iheb Labbene
- University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mustpha Ferjani
- University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hedi Gharssallah
- Research Unit UR17DN05, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia; University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Military Hospital of Tunis, 1008 Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia
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Kuo YM, Kang CM, Lai ZY, Huang TY, Tzeng SJ, Hsu CC, Chen SY, Hsieh SC, Chia JS, Jung CJ, Hsueh PR. Temporal changes in biomarkers of neutrophil extracellular traps and NET-promoting autoantibodies following adenovirus-vectored, mRNA, and recombinant protein COVID-19 vaccination. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29556. [PMID: 38511554 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a role in innate pathogen defense and also trigger B-cell response by providing antigens. NETs have been linked to vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia. We postulated a potential link between NET biomarkers, NET-promoting autoantibodies, and adverse events (AEs) after COVID-19 vaccine boosters. Healthy donors (HDs) who received ChAdOx1-S (A), mRNA-1273 (M), or recombinant protein (MVC-COV1901) vaccines at the National Taiwan University Hospital between 2021 and 2022 were recruited. We measured serial NET-associated biomarkers, citrullinated-histone3 (citH3), and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA. Serum citH3 and MPO-DNA were significantly or numerically higher in HDs who reported AEs (n = 100, booster Day 0/Day 30, p = 0.01/p = 0.03 and p = 0.30/p = 0.35, respectively). We also observed a positive correlation between rash occurrence in online diaries and elevated citH3. A linear mixed model also revealed significantly higher citH3 levels in mRNA-1273/ChAdOx1-S recipients than MVC-COV1901 recipients. Significant positive correlations were observed between the ratios of anti-heparin platelet factor 4 and citH3 levels on Booster Day 0 and naïve and between the ratios of anti-NET IgM and citH3 on Booster Day 30/Day 0 in the AA-M and MM-M group, respectively. The increased levels of citH3/MPO-DNA accompanied by NET-promoting autoantibodies suggest a potential connection between mRNA-1273/ChAdOx1-S vaccines and cardiovascular complications. These findings provide insights for risk assessments of future vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Min Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Min Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Yun Lai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infection, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Jong Tzeng
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infection, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shey-Ying Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Song-Chou Hsieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jean-San Chia
- Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiau-Jing Jung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ren Hsueh
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Thomas Κ, Grigoropoulos I, Alexopoulou P, Karofylakis E, Galani I, Papadopoulou KK, Tsiavou A, Ntourou A, Mavrou E, Qevani I, Katsimbri P, Koutsianas C, Mavrea E, Vassilopoulos D, Pournaras S, Tsiodras S, Boumpas D, Antoniadou A. Sustained cell-mediated but not humoral responses in rituximab-treated rheumatic patients after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:534-541. [PMID: 37228039 PMCID: PMC10836975 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES B-cell depleting monoclonal antibodies are associated with increased COVID-19 severity and impaired immune response to vaccination. We aimed to assess the humoral and cell mediated (CMI) immune response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in rituximab (RTX)-treated rheumatic patients. METHODS Serum and whole blood samples were collected from RTX-treated rheumatic patients 3-6 months after last vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Serum was tested by ELISA for quantitative detection of anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 IgG. Cell-mediated variant-specific SARS-CoV-2 immunity (CMI) was assessed by interferon-γ release assay Covi-FERON FIA. Patients were interviewed for breakthrough COVID-19 infection (BTI) 3 months post sampling. RESULTS Sixty patients were studied after a median (IQR) of 179 (117-221.5) days from last vaccine to sampling. Forty (66.7%) patients had positive Covi-FERON and 23 (38.3%) had detectable anti-spike IgG. Covi-FERON positive patients had lower median RTX cumulative dose [6 (4-10.75) vs 11 (6.75-14.75) grams, (P = 0.019)]. Patients with positive anti-spike IgG had received fewer RTX cycles [2 (2-4) vs 6 (4-8), P = 0.002] and cumulative dose [4 (3-7) vs 10 (6.25-13) grams, P = 0.002] and had shorter time from last vaccination to sampling [140 (76-199) vs 192 (128-230) days, P = 0.047]. Thirty-seven percent were positive only for Covi-FERON and 7% only for anti-spike IgG. Twenty (33.3%) BTI occurred post sampling, exclusively during Omicron variant predominance. The proportion of patients with CMI response against Delta variant was lower in patients who experienced BTI (25% vs 55%, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Four out of ten RTX-treated vaccinated patients show lasting cell-mediated immune response despite undetectable anti-spike antibodies. Cumulative RTX dose affects both humoral and cell-mediated responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Cell-mediated immune responses call for attention as a vaccine efficacy marker against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Κonstantinos Thomas
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Ioannis Grigoropoulos
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Panagiota Alexopoulou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Karofylakis
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Irene Galani
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Korina Papadopoulou
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Anastasia Tsiavou
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Aliki Ntourou
- Clinical Immunology-Rheumatology Unit, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Mavrou
- Clinical Immunology-Rheumatology Unit, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Irina Qevani
- Clinical Immunology-Rheumatology Unit, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Pelagia Katsimbri
- Clinical Immunology-Rheumatology Unit, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Christos Koutsianas
- Clinical Immunology-Rheumatology Unit, 2nd Department of Medicine and Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Evgenia Mavrea
- Clinical Immunology-Rheumatology Unit, 2nd Department of Medicine and Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Vassilopoulos
- Clinical Immunology-Rheumatology Unit, 2nd Department of Medicine and Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyros Pournaras
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Sotirios Tsiodras
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Boumpas
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
- Clinical Immunology-Rheumatology Unit, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Anastasia Antoniadou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Attikon University General Hospital, Chaidari, Greece
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Liu TH, Huang PY, Wu JY, Chung KM, Lai CC, Tang HJ. Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination against multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2023; 56:1299-1300. [PMID: 37673732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Hui Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Yu Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
| | - Jheng-Yan Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
| | - Kun-Ming Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Cheng Lai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Jen Tang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan.
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Yoon SW, Widyasari K, Jang J, Lee S, Kang T, Kim S. Kinetics of adaptive immune responses after administering mRNA-Based COVID-19 vaccination in individuals with and without prior SARS-CoV-2 infections. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:732. [PMID: 37891503 PMCID: PMC10604405 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08728-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to compare the adaptive immune response in individuals with or without prior SARS-CoV-2 infections following the administration of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines. METHODS A total of 54 participants with ages ranging from 37 to 56 years old, consisting of 23 individuals without a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection (uninfected group) and 31 individuals with prior infection of SARS-CoV-2 (infected group) who have received two doses of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were enrolled in this study. We measured the IFN-γ level upon administration of BNT162b2 (PF) or mRNA-1273 (MO) by QuantiFERON SARS-CoV-2. The production of neutralizing antibodies was evaluated by a surrogate virus neutralization assay, and the neutralizing capacity was assessed by a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT50). The immune response was compared between the two groups. RESULTS A significantly higher level of IFN-γ (p < 0.001) and neutralization antibodies (p < 0.001) were observed in the infected group than those in the uninfected group following the first administration of vaccines. The infected group demonstrated a significantly higher PRNT50 titer than the uninfected group against the Wuhan strain (p < 0.0001). Still, the two groups were not significantly different against Delta (p = 0.07) and Omicron (p = 0.14) variants. Following the second vaccine dose, T- and B-cell levels were not significantly increased in the infected group. CONCLUSION A single dose of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines would boost immune responses in individuals who had previously contracted SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Woo Yoon
- Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Andong National University, Andong, 36729, Korea
| | - Kristin Widyasari
- Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Korea
| | - Jieun Jang
- Gyeongnam Center for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Changwon, 51154, Korea
| | - Seungjun Lee
- Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, 51472, Korea
| | - Taejoon Kang
- Bionanotechnology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Sunjoo Kim
- Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, Korea.
- Gyeongnam Center for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Changwon, 51154, Korea.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, 51472, Korea.
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Jang J, Widyasari K, Kim S. Comparative analysis between STANDARD-E Covi-FERON ELISA with pre-existing IFN-γ release assays and determination of the optimum cutoff value for assessment of T-Cell response to SARS-CoV-2. J Clin Lab Anal 2023; 37:e24882. [PMID: 37032413 PMCID: PMC10156097 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release assays (IGRAs) are useful for the assessment of the T-cell response to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). We aimed to assess the performance of the newly developed IGRA ELISA test compared to the pre-existing assays and to validate the cutoff value in real-world conditions. METHODS We enrolled 219 participants and assessed agreement between STANDARD-E Covi-FERON ELISA with Quanti-FERON SARS-CoV-2 (QFN SARS-CoV-2), as well as with T SPOT Discovery SARS-CoV-2 based on Cohen's kappa-index. We further determined the optimal cutoff value for the Covi-FERON ELISA according to the immune response to vaccinations or infections. RESULTS We found a moderate agreement between Covi-FERON ELISA and QFN SARS-CoV-2 before vaccination (kappa-index = 0.71), whereas a weak agreement after the first (kappa-index = 0.40) and second vaccinations (kappa-index = 0.46). However, the analysis between Covi-FERON ELISA and T SPOT assay demonstrated a strong agreement (kappa-index >0.7). The cut-off value of the OS (original spike) marker was 0.759 IU/mL with a sensitivity of 96.3% and specificity of 78.7%, and that of the variant spike (VS) marker was 0.663 IU/mL with a sensitivity and specificity of 77.8% and 80.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION The newly determined cut-off value may provide an optimum value to minimize and prevent the occurrence of false-negative or false-positive during the assessment of T-cell immune response using Covi-FERON ELISA under real-world conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Jang
- Gyeongnam Center for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Changwon, 51154, South Korea
| | - Kristin Widyasari
- Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, South Korea
| | - Sunjoo Kim
- Gyeongnam Center for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Changwon, 51154, South Korea
- Gyeongsang Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52727, South Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, 51472, South Korea
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