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Gonsalves N, Sun MK, Chopra P, Latchoumane CF, Bajwa S, Tang R, Patel B, Boons GJ, Karumbaiah L. Neuritogenic glycosaminoglycan hydrogels promote functional recovery after severe traumatic brain injury. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:036058. [PMID: 38806019 PMCID: PMC11209949 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad5108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Objective.Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) induced neuronal loss and brain atrophy contribute significantly to long-term disabilities. Brain extracellular matrix (ECM) associated chondroitin sulfate (CS) glycosaminoglycans promote neural stem cell (NSC) maintenance, and CS hydrogel implants have demonstrated the ability to enhance neuroprotection, in preclinical sTBI studies. However, the ability of neuritogenic chimeric peptide (CP) functionalized CS hydrogels in promoting functional recovery, after controlled cortical impact (CCI) and suction ablation (SA) induced sTBI, has not been previously demonstrated. We hypothesized that neuritogenic (CS)CP hydrogels will promote neuritogenesis of human NSCs, and accelerate brain tissue repair and functional recovery in sTBI rats.Approach.We synthesized chondroitin 4-Osulfate (CS-A)CP, and 4,6-O-sulfate (CS-E)CP hydrogels, using strain promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC), to promote cell adhesion and neuritogenesis of human NSCs,in vitro; and assessed the ability of (CS-A)CP hydrogels in promoting tissue and functional repair, in a novel CCI-SA sTBI model,in vivo. Main results.Results indicated that (CS-E)CP hydrogels significantly enhanced human NSC aggregation and migration via focal adhesion kinase complexes, when compared to NSCs in (CS-A)CP hydrogels,in vitro. In contrast, NSCs encapsulated in (CS-A)CP hydrogels differentiated into neurons bearing longer neurites and showed greater spontaneous activity, when compared to those in (CS-E)CP hydrogels. The intracavitary implantation of (CS-A)CP hydrogels, acutely after CCI-SA-sTBI, prevented neuronal and axonal loss, as determined by immunohistochemical analyses. (CS-A)CP hydrogel implanted animals also demonstrated the significantly accelerated recovery of 'reach-to-grasp' function when compared to sTBI controls, over a period of 5-weeks.Significance.These findings demonstrate the neuritogenic and neuroprotective attributes of (CS)CP 'click' hydrogels, and open new avenues for the development of multifunctional glycomaterials that are functionalized with biorthogonal handles for sTBI repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Gonsalves
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
- Division of Neuroscience, Biomedical and Translational Sciences Institute, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Min Kyoung Sun
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
- Division of Neuroscience, Biomedical and Translational Sciences Institute, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Pradeep Chopra
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Charles-Francois Latchoumane
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
- Edgar L. Rhodes Center for Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Simar Bajwa
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Ruiping Tang
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
- Edgar L. Rhodes Center for Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Bianca Patel
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Geert-Jan Boons
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lohitash Karumbaiah
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
- Division of Neuroscience, Biomedical and Translational Sciences Institute, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
- Edgar L. Rhodes Center for Animal and Dairy Science, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
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Urban III ET, Hudson HM, Li Y, Nishibe M, Barbay S, Guggenmos DJ, Nudo RJ. Corticocortical connections of the rostral forelimb area in rats: a quantitative tract-tracing study. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad530. [PMID: 38265300 PMCID: PMC10839842 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The rostral forelimb area (RFA) in the rat is a premotor cortical region based on its dense efferent projections to primary motor cortex. This study describes corticocortical connections of RFA and the relative strength of connections with other cortical areas. The goal was to provide a better understanding of the cortical network in which RFA participates, and thus, determine its function in sensorimotor behavior. The RFA of adult male Long-Evans rats (n = 6) was identified using intracortical microstimulation techniques and injected with the tract-tracer, biotinylated dextran amine (BDA). In post-mortem tissue, locations of BDA-labeled terminal boutons and neuronal somata were plotted and superimposed on cortical field boundaries. Quantitative estimates of terminal boutons in each region of interest were based on unbiased stereological methods. The results demonstrate that RFA has dense connections with primary motor cortex and frontal cortex medial and lateral to RFA. Moderate connections were found with insular cortex, primary somatosensory cortex (S1), the M1/S1 overlap zone, and lateral somatosensory areas. Cortical connections of RFA in rat are strikingly similar to cortical connections of the ventral premotor cortex in non-human primates, suggesting that these areas share similar functions and allow greater translation of rodent premotor cortex studies to primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward T Urban III
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Landon Center on Aging, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Heather M Hudson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Yanming Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, United States
| | - Mariko Nishibe
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Scott Barbay
- Landon Center on Aging, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - David J Guggenmos
- Landon Center on Aging, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Randolph J Nudo
- Landon Center on Aging, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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