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Liao J, Xu J, Feng K, Lai W, Wen X. MiR-623 links lncRNA RP11-89 and cyclin D1 to regulate the proliferation of glioblastoma cells. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:207-213. [PMID: 36066507 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2098734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The tumorigenesis of bladder cancer has been proven to be related to the increased expression of lncRNA RP11-89, the participation of which in glioblastoma (GBM) is unknown. We predicted that RP11-89 could be targeted by miR-623, which targets cyclin D1. We then analyzed the role of RP11-89 in GBM. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples of both GBM and paired non-tumor tissue were obtained from 58 GBM patients to analyze the expression of RP11-89 and miR-623 through RT-qPCR. The direct binding of miR-623 to RP11-89 was analyzed with RNA-RNA pull down. The role of RP11-89 and miR-623 in regulating each other's expression was analyzed with overexpression assay. The role of RP11-89 and miR-623 in regulating the expression of cyclin D1 and GBM cell proliferation was analyzed by Western blot and BrdU assay, respectively. RESULTS RP11-89 was expressed in high amounts in GBM, while miR-623 was expressed in low amounts in GBM. RP11-89 and miR-623 were not closely correlated, while miR-623 directly bound to RP11-89. RP11-89 and miR-623 showed no direct role in each other's expression. RP11-89 suppressed the role of miR-623 in downregulating cyclin D1 and GBM cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, miR-623 may link lncRNA RP11-89 and cyclin D1 to regulate the proliferation of GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Jinxian Xu
- School of Nursing, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Kaiming Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Wentao Lai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, PR China
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Martinez-Morga M, Garrigos D, Rodriguez-Montero E, Pombero A, Garcia-Lopez R, Martinez S. Pericytes Are Immunoregulatory Cells in Glioma Genesis and Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5072. [PMID: 38791110 PMCID: PMC11120873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular co-option is a consequence of the direct interaction between perivascular cells, known as pericytes (PCs), and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells (GBMcs). This process is essential for inducing changes in the pericytes' anti-tumoral and immunoreactive phenotypes. Starting from the initial stages of carcinogenesis in GBM, PCs conditioned by GBMcs undergo proliferation, acquire a pro-tumoral and immunosuppressive phenotype by expressing and secreting immunosuppressive molecules, and significantly hinder the activation of T cells, thereby facilitating tumor growth. Inhibiting the pericyte (PC) conditioning mechanisms in the GBM tumor microenvironment (TME) results in immunological activation and tumor disappearance. This underscores the pivotal role of PCs as a key cell in the TME, responsible for tumor-induced immunosuppression and enabling GBM cells to evade the immune system. Other cells within the TME, such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and microglia, have also been identified as contributors to this immunomodulation. In this paper, we will review the role of these three cell types in the immunosuppressive properties of the TME. Our conclusion is that the cellular heterogeneity of immunocompetent cells within the TME may lead to the misinterpretation of cellular lineage identification due to different reactive stages and the identification of PCs as TAMs. Consequently, novel therapies could be developed to disrupt GBM-PC interactions and/or PC conditioning through vascular co-option, thereby exposing GBMcs to the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martinez-Morga
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández–CSIC, Excellence Center Severo Ochoa, Campus de San Juan, Avda. Ramón y Cajal sn, 03550 Alicante, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (D.G.); (E.R.-M.); (A.P.); (R.G.-L.)
| | - Daniel Garrigos
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández–CSIC, Excellence Center Severo Ochoa, Campus de San Juan, Avda. Ramón y Cajal sn, 03550 Alicante, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (D.G.); (E.R.-M.); (A.P.); (R.G.-L.)
| | - Elena Rodriguez-Montero
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández–CSIC, Excellence Center Severo Ochoa, Campus de San Juan, Avda. Ramón y Cajal sn, 03550 Alicante, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (D.G.); (E.R.-M.); (A.P.); (R.G.-L.)
| | - Ana Pombero
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández–CSIC, Excellence Center Severo Ochoa, Campus de San Juan, Avda. Ramón y Cajal sn, 03550 Alicante, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (D.G.); (E.R.-M.); (A.P.); (R.G.-L.)
| | - Raquel Garcia-Lopez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández–CSIC, Excellence Center Severo Ochoa, Campus de San Juan, Avda. Ramón y Cajal sn, 03550 Alicante, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (D.G.); (E.R.-M.); (A.P.); (R.G.-L.)
| | - Salvador Martinez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández–CSIC, Excellence Center Severo Ochoa, Campus de San Juan, Avda. Ramón y Cajal sn, 03550 Alicante, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (D.G.); (E.R.-M.); (A.P.); (R.G.-L.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental, CIBERSAM-ISCIII, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Nguyen AV, Soto JM, Digbeu BD, Nguyen CY, Wu E, Huang JH, Kuo YF. Factors associated with longer survival among older medicare patients after diagnosis of supratentorial primary brain malignancies: a retrospective cohort study. Neurol Res 2024; 46:379-390. [PMID: 38415699 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2024.2323335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite recent advances, the prognosis for primary malignant brain tumors (PMBTs) remains poor. Some commonly prescribed medications may exhibit anti-tumor properties in various cancers, and neurodegenerative diseases may activate pathways that counteract gliomagenesis. Our study is focused on determining if there is a correlation between the use of metformin, beta-blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), or the presence of Parkinson's disease (PD), and the survival rates following a diagnosis of a PMBT. METHODS This analysis of the 100% Texas Medicare Database identified patients aged 66+ years diagnosed with a supratentorial PMBT from 2014-2017. Cox proportional hazards regression was employed to analyze survival following diagnosis and associations of survival with surgical intervention, radiation, PD diagnosis, and prescription of metformin, beta-blockers, ACEIs, or ARBs. RESULTS There were 1,943 patients who met study criteria, and the median age was 74 years. When medication utilization was stratified by none, pre-diagnosis only, post-diagnosis only, or both pre- and post-diagnosis (continuous), continuous utilization of metformin, beta-blockers, ACEIs, or ARBs was associated with prolonged survival compared to no utilization (hazard ratio [HR]:0.45, 95% CI:0.33-0.62; HR:0.71. 95% CI:0.59-0.86; HR:0.59, 95% CI:0.48-0.72; and HR:0.45, 95% CI:0.35-0.58 respectively). PD was also associated with longer survival (HR:0.59-0.63 across the four models). DISCUSSION Our study suggests that metformin, beta-blockers, ACEIs, ARBs, and comorbid PD are associated with a survival benefit among geriatric Medicare patients with supratentorial PMBTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony V Nguyen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Jose M Soto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Biai D Digbeu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Office of Biostatistics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Christine Y Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor Scott & White Health, Scott and White Medical Center, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Erxi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Temple, TX, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Temple, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Pharmacy, College Station, TX, USA
- LIVESTRONG Cancer Institutes and Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jason H Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Temple, TX, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Yong-Fang Kuo
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Office of Biostatistics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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Dmukauskas M, Cioffi G, Waite KA, Sloan AE, Neff C, Price M, Ostrom QT, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. Sex differences in adverse events in Medicare individuals ≥ 66 years of age post glioblastoma treatment. J Neurooncol 2024; 168:111-123. [PMID: 38563855 PMCID: PMC11093825 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-024-04652-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with the highest incidence occurring in older adults with a median age at diagnosis of 64 years old. While treatment often improves survival it brings toxicities and adverse events (AE). Here we identify sex differences in treatment patterns and AE in individuals ≥ 66 years at diagnosis with GB. METHODS Using the SEER-Medicare dataset sex differences in adverse events were assessed using multivariable logistic regression performed to calculate the male/female odds ratio (M/F OR) and 95% confidence intervals [95% CI] of experiencing an AE adjusted for demographic variables and Elixhauser comorbidity score. RESULTS Males with GB were more likely to receive standard of care (SOC; Surgery with concurrent radio-chemotherapy) [20%] compared to females [17%], whereas females were more likely to receive no treatment [26%] compared to males [21%]. Females with GB receiving SOC were more likely to develop gastrointestinal disorders (M/F OR = 0.76; 95% CI,0.64-0.91, p = 0.002) or blood and lymphatic system disorders (M/F OR = 0.79; 95% CI,0.66-0.95, p = 0.012). Males with GB receiving SOC were more likely to develop cardiac disorders (M/F OR = 1.21; 95% CI,1.02-1.44, p = 0.029) and renal disorders (M/F OR = 1.65; 95% CI,1.37-2.01, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Sex differences for individuals, 66 years and older, diagnosed with GB exist in treatment received and adverse events developed across different treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantas Dmukauskas
- Trans Divisional Research Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gino Cioffi
- Trans Divisional Research Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kristin A Waite
- Trans Divisional Research Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew E Sloan
- Neuroscience Service Line and Piedmont Brain Tumor Center, Piedmont Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Corey Neff
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mackenzie Price
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Quinn T Ostrom
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Trans Divisional Research Program, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, National Cancer Institute, Shady Grove Campus 9609 Medical Center Dr, 20850, Rockville, MD, USA.
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Johnson M, Bell A, Lauing KL, Ladomersky E, Zhai L, Penco-Campillo M, Shah Y, Mauer E, Xiu J, Nicolaides T, Drumm M, McCortney K, Elemento O, Kim M, Bommi P, Low JT, Memon R, Wu J, Zhao J, Mi X, Glantz MJ, Sengupta S, Castro B, Yamini B, Horbinski C, Baker DJ, Walunas TL, Schiltz GE, Lukas RV, Wainwright DA. Advanced Age in Humans and Mouse Models of Glioblastoma Show Decreased Survival from Extratumoral Influence. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:4973-4989. [PMID: 37725593 PMCID: PMC10690140 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common aggressive primary malignant brain tumor in adults with a median age of onset of 68 to 70 years old. Although advanced age is often associated with poorer GBM patient survival, the predominant source(s) of maladaptive aging effects remains to be established. Here, we studied intratumoral and extratumoral relationships between adult patients with GBM and mice with brain tumors across the lifespan. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Electronic health records at Northwestern Medicine and the NCI SEER databases were evaluated for GBM patient age and overall survival. The commercial Tempus and Caris databases, as well as The Cancer Genome Atlas were profiled for gene expression, DNA methylation, and mutational changes with varying GBM patient age. In addition, gene expression analysis was performed on the extratumoral brain of younger and older adult mice with or without a brain tumor. The survival of young and old wild-type or transgenic (INK-ATTAC) mice with a brain tumor was evaluated after treatment with or without senolytics and/or immunotherapy. RESULTS Human patients with GBM ≥65 years of age had a significantly decreased survival compared with their younger counterparts. While the intra-GBM molecular profiles were similar between younger and older patients with GBM, non-tumor brain tissue had a significantly different gene expression profile between young and old mice with a brain tumor and the eradication of senescent cells improved immunotherapy-dependent survival of old but not young mice. CONCLUSIONS This work suggests a potential benefit for combining senolytics with immunotherapy in older patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Johnson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - April Bell
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Kristen L. Lauing
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
- Department of Neurological Surgery at Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois
| | | | - Lijie Zhai
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
- Department of Neurological Surgery at Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Manon Penco-Campillo
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
- Department of Neurological Surgery at Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Yajas Shah
- Institute of Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | - Michael Drumm
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kathleen McCortney
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Institute of Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Miri Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery at Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Prashant Bommi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
- Department of Neurological Surgery at Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Justin T. Low
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ruba Memon
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Jennifer Wu
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Junfei Zhao
- Department of Systems Biology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Xinlei Mi
- Department of Preventive Medicine-Division of Biostatistics at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael J. Glantz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Soma Sengupta
- Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and the Lineberger Cancer Center, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Brandyn Castro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Bakhtiar Yamini
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Darren J. Baker
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Theresa L. Walunas
- Department of Medicine-Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gary E. Schiltz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Rimas V. Lukas
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Derek A. Wainwright
- Department of Cancer Biology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
- Department of Neurological Surgery at Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois
- Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois
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Rozumenko A, Kliuchka V, Rozumenko V, Daschakovskiy A, Fedorenko Z. Glioblastoma management in a lower middle-income country: Nationwide study of compliance with standard care protocols and survival outcomes in Ukraine. Neurooncol Pract 2023; 10:352-359. [PMID: 37457220 PMCID: PMC10346393 DOI: 10.1093/nop/npac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The effective treatment of high-grade gliomas is a complex problem that requires ubiquitous implementation of sophisticated therapy protocols. The present study aimed to perform population-based analysis of glioblastoma management in lower-middle-income countries. Methods The National Cancer Registry of Ukraine was screened for the records of adult patients with primary glioblastomas diagnosed in 2015-2019. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier method and a multivariable Cox model. Results A total of 2973 adult patients with histologically confirmed glioblastoma were included in the study. Mean age of patients was 55.6 ± 11.4 years, males slightly prevailed-1541 (51.8%) cases. The completed clinical protocol including surgery followed by chemoradiotherapy was applied only in 658 (19.0%) patients. The minority of patients 743 (25.0%) were treated at the academic medical centers, where patients were more likely to receive combined treatment 70.1% compared with 57.9% (P = .0001) at the community hospitals. The overall median survival was 10.6 ± 0.2 months, and the 2-year survival rate was 17%. The number of utilized treatment modalities contributed to better survival rates and was associated with lower hazard ratio: Protocol with 2 modalities - 0.62 (P = .0001), 3 modalities - 0.48 (P = .0001). Conclusions The management of glioblastoma in lower-middle-income countries is characterized by insufficient availability of treatment in academic medical centers and low rates of advanced therapy application. Survival analysis showed similar prognostic risk factors and outcomes compared with high-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Rozumenko
- Department of Neuro-Oncology and Paediatric Neurosurgery, Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute, 32, Platona Maiborody Street, Kyiv 04050, Ukraine
| | - Valentyn Kliuchka
- Department of Neuro-Oncology and Paediatric Neurosurgery, Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute, 32, Platona Maiborody Street, Kyiv 04050, Ukraine
| | - Volodymir Rozumenko
- Department of Neuro-Oncology and Paediatric Neurosurgery, Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute, 32, Platona Maiborody Street, Kyiv 04050, Ukraine
| | - Andriy Daschakovskiy
- Department of Neuro-Oncology and Paediatric Neurosurgery, Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute, 32, Platona Maiborody Street, Kyiv 04050, Ukraine
| | - Zoja Fedorenko
- National Cancer Registry of Ukraine, National Cancer Institute, 33/43, Lomonosova Street, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine
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Howell AE, Relton C, Martin RM, Zheng J, Kurian KM. Role of DNA methylation in the relationship between glioma risk factors and glioma incidence: a two-step Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6590. [PMID: 37085538 PMCID: PMC10121678 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33621-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic evidence suggests glioma risk is altered by leukocyte telomere length, allergic disease (asthma, hay fever or eczema), alcohol consumption, childhood obesity, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) and triglyceride levels. DNA methylation (DNAm) variation influences many of these glioma-related traits and is an established feature of glioma. Yet the causal relationship between DNAm variation with both glioma incidence and glioma risk factors is unknown. We applied a two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) approach and several sensitivity analyses (including colocalization and Steiger filtering) to assess the association of DNAm with glioma risk factors and glioma incidence. We used data from a recently published catalogue of germline genetic variants robustly associated with DNAm variation in blood (32,851 participants) and data from a genome-wide association study of glioma risk (12,488 cases and 18,169 controls, sub-divided into 6191 glioblastoma cases and 6305 non-glioblastoma cases). MR evidence indicated that DNAm at 3 CpG sites (cg01561092, cg05926943, cg01584448) in one genomic region (HEATR3) had a putative association with glioma and glioblastoma risk (False discovery rate [FDR] < 0.05). Steiger filtering provided evidence against reverse causation. Colocalization presented evidence against genetic confounding and suggested that differential DNAm at the 3 CpG sites and glioma were driven by the same genetic variant. MR provided little evidence to suggest that DNAm acts as a mediator on the causal pathway between risk factors previously examined and glioma onset. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use MR to appraise the causal link of DNAm with glioma risk factors and glioma onset. Subsequent analyses are required to improve the robustness of our results and rule out horizontal pleiotropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Howell
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline Relton
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Richard M Martin
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jie Zheng
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK.
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kathreena M Kurian
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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Prajapati HP, Singh DK. Recurrent glioblastoma in elderly: Options and decision for the treatment. Surg Neurol Int 2022; 13:397. [PMID: 36128156 PMCID: PMC9479573 DOI: 10.25259/sni_552_2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adult. Its incidence increases with age and nearly half of the all newly diagnosed GBM cases are older than 65 years. Management of GBM in elderly is challenging and recurrence poses further challenge. This article aims to review the literature, evaluate the various options, and to decide the treatment plan in elderly cases with GBM recurrence. Methods: A systemic search was performed with the phrase “recurrent GBM (rGBM) in elderly and management” as a search term in PubMed central, Medline, and Embase databases to identify all the articles published on the subject till February 2022. The review included peer-reviewed original articles, review articles, clinical trials, and keywords in title and abstract. Results: Out of 473 articles searched, 15 studies followed our inclusion criteria and were included in this review. In 15 studies, ten were original and five were review articles. The minimum age group included in these studies was ≥65 years. Out of 15 studies, eight studies had described the role of resurgery, four chemotherapy, three resurgery and/or chemotherapy, and only one study on role of reradiotherapy in patients with rGBM. Out of eight studies described the role of resurgery, six have mentioned improved survival and two have no survival advantage of resurgery in cases of rGBM. Conclusion: Resurgery is the main treatment option in selected elderly rGBM cases in good performance status. In patients with poor performance status, chemotherapy has better post progression survival than best supportive care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepak Kumar Singh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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9
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Palliative care of older glioblastoma patients in neurosurgery. J Neurooncol 2022; 157:297-305. [PMID: 35332410 PMCID: PMC9021091 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-022-03985-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The care of older neurosurgical patients at the end life is a particularly demanding challenge. Especially, the specific needs of very old patients with glioblastoma at the end of life are at risk of being deprived of adequate care. Methods Based on a narrative literature review, this article aims to explore key issues of the thematic intersection of geriatric glioblastoma patients, palliative care and neurosurgery. Results and discussion Four key issues were identified: patient-centeredness (need orientation and decision making), early palliative care, advance care planning, and multi-professionalism. Possible benefits and barriers are highlighted with regard to integrating these concepts into neurosurgery. Conclusions Palliative care complements neurosurgical care of geriatric glioblastoma multiforme patients to optimise care for this highly vulnerable category of patients.
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Zhao R, Zeng J, DeVries K, Proulx R, Krauze AV. Optimizing management of the elderly patient with glioblastoma: Survival prediction online tool based on BC Cancer Registry real-world data. Neurooncol Adv 2022; 4:vdac052. [PMID: 35733517 PMCID: PMC9209750 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdac052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is associated with fatal outcomes and devastating neurological presentations especially impacting the elderly. Management remains controversial and representation in clinical trials poor. We generated 2 nomograms and a clinical decision making web tool using real-world data. METHODS Patients ≥60 years of age with histologically confirmed GBM (ICD-O-3 histology codes 9440/3, 9441/3, and 9442/3) diagnosed 2005-2015 were identified from the BC Cancer Registry (n = 822). Seven hundred and twenty-nine patients for which performance status was captured were included in the analysis. Age, performance and resection status, administration of radiation therapy (RT), and chemotherapy were reviewed. Nomograms predicting 6- and 12-month overall survival (OS) probability were developed using Cox proportional hazards regression internally validated by c-index. A web tool powered by JavaScript was developed to calculate the survival probability. RESULTS Median OS was 6.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 6-7.2 months). Management involved concurrent chemoradiation (34%), RT alone (42%), and chemo alone (2.3%). Twenty-one percent of patients did not receive treatment beyond surgical intervention. Age, performance status, extent of resection, chemotherapy, and RT administration were all significant independent predictors of OS. Patients <80 years old who received RT had a significant survival advantage, regardless of extent of resection (hazard ratio range from 0.22 to 0.60, CI 0.15-0.95). A nomogram was constructed from all 729 patients (Harrell's Concordance Index = 0.78 [CI 0.71-0.84]) with a second nomogram based on subgroup analysis of the 452 patients who underwent RT (Harrell's Concordance Index = 0.81 [CI 0.70-0.90]). An online calculator based on both nomograms was generated for clinical use. CONCLUSIONS Two nomograms and accompanying web tool incorporating commonly captured clinical features were generated based on real-world data to optimize decision making in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Zhao
- University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jonathan Zeng
- University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kimberly DeVries
- Cancer Surveillance & Outcomes, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ryan Proulx
- Safe Software, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andra Valentina Krauze
- University of British Columbia, Faculty of Medicine, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Krauze AV, Camphausen K. Molecular Biology in Treatment Decision Processes-Neuro-Oncology Edition. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13278. [PMID: 34948075 PMCID: PMC8703419 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Computational approaches including machine learning, deep learning, and artificial intelligence are growing in importance in all medical specialties as large data repositories are increasingly being optimised. Radiation oncology as a discipline is at the forefront of large-scale data acquisition and well positioned towards both the production and analysis of large-scale oncologic data with the potential for clinically driven endpoints and advancement of patient outcomes. Neuro-oncology is comprised of malignancies that often carry poor prognosis and significant neurological sequelae. The analysis of radiation therapy mediated treatment and the potential for computationally mediated analyses may lead to more precise therapy by employing large scale data. We analysed the state of the literature pertaining to large scale data, computational analysis, and the advancement of molecular biomarkers in neuro-oncology with emphasis on radiation oncology. We aimed to connect existing and evolving approaches to realistic avenues for clinical implementation focusing on low grade gliomas (LGG), high grade gliomas (HGG), management of the elderly patient with HGG, rare central nervous system tumors, craniospinal irradiation, and re-irradiation to examine how computational analysis and molecular science may synergistically drive advances in personalised radiation therapy (RT) and optimise patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andra V. Krauze
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 10, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
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Lu J, Lou G, Jiang L, Liu X, Jiang J, Wang X. CircNUP98 Suppresses the Maturation of miR-519a-3p in Glioblastoma. Front Neurol 2021; 12:679745. [PMID: 34867700 PMCID: PMC8636316 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.679745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNA (circNUP98) has been reported to promote renal cancer; however, its role in other cancers is unknown. The function of circNUP98 in glioblastoma (GB) cancer was explored in this study. A total of 58 GB tissue samples were collected to study the expression of circNUP98 and miR-519a-3p [both the mature and pre-mature microRNA (miRNA)] by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and heatmap analysis. The subcellular location that expresses circNUP98 was analyzed by nuclear fractionation assay. RNA pull-down assay was performed to evaluate the interaction between circNUP98 and pre-mature miR-519a-3p. Overexpression assays were performed to investigate the role of circNUP98 in the regulation of both the mature and pre-mature miR-519a-3p. The role of circNUP98 and miR-519a-3p in GB cell proliferation was explored by 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay and was assessed in mouse xenograft model. Heatmap analysis showed that circNUP98 and pre-mature miR-519a-3p were upregulated in GB, while mature miR-519a-3p was downregulated in GB. Across the cancer tissues, circNUP98 was inversely correlated with mature miR-519a-3p, but positively correlated with pre-mature miR-519a-3p. In GB cells, circNUP98 was localized to both the nucleus and cytoplasm and it interacted with pre-mature miR-519a-3p. In GB cells, circNUP98 increased the expression levels of pre-mature miR-519a-3p and decreased the expression levels of mature miR-519a-3p. BrdU and cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) assays illustrated that overexpression of circNUP98 reduced the inhibitory effects of miR-519a-3p on cell proliferation. CircNUP98 contributed to larger tumors, which resulted in significantly reduced mice survival. CircNUP98 suppresses the maturation of miR-519a-3p to promote GB cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Gaojie Lou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Xiaoxing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
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13
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Ram Z, Kim CY, Hottinger AF, Idbaih A, Nicholas G, Zhu JJ. Efficacy and Safety of Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) in Elderly Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma: Subgroup Analysis of the Phase 3 EF-14 Clinical Trial. Front Oncol 2021; 11:671972. [PMID: 34692470 PMCID: PMC8526342 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.671972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Understudied elderly patients comprise a large segment of high-risk patients with glioblastoma (GBM) that are challenging to treat. Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) is a locoregional, noninvasive, antimitotic therapy delivering low-intensity, intermediate-frequency alternating electric fields to the tumor. In the phase 3 EF-14 clinical trial, TTFields (200 kHz) improved median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) in patients with newly diagnosed GBM (ndGBM) when added concomitantly to maintenance temozolomide (TMZ). This EF-14 subgroup analysis evaluated the safety and efficacy of TTFields in elderly patients. Methods All 134 patients who are ≥65 years of age were included (TTFields/TMZ combination, n=89; TMZ monotherapy, n=45; 2:1 ratio of randomization). PFS and OS were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier methodology (α=0.05). Health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) was assessed using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) quality-of-life questionnaire QLQ-C30 supplemented with the brain tumor module (QLQ-BN20). Adverse events (AEs) were evaluated using Common Terminology Criteria for AEs (CTCAE) v4.0. Results The PFS was 6.5 months in patients randomized to the treatment group with TTFields/TMZ combination versus 3.9 months in patients treated with TMZ monotherapy (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.30-0.74; P=0.0236). The OS was 17.4 months in patients treated with TTFields/TMZ combination versus 13.7 months in patients treated with TMZ monotherapy (HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.33-0.77; P=0.0204). Annual survival rates with TTFields/TMZ versus TMZ monotherapy were 39% (95% CI, 29-50%) versus 27% (95% CI, 15-41%; P=0.072) at 2 years, 19% (95% CI, 11-29%) versus 11% (95% CI, 4-23%; P=0.135) at 3 years, and 15% (95% CI, 7-25%) versus 0% at 5 years, respectively. There were no significant differences between groups in the preselected items of HRQoL assessment. Grade ≥3 systemic AEs were 46% in the TTFields/TMZ group versus 40% in the TMZ monotherapy group, without statistically significant difference between the two groups. The only TTFields-related AEs were reversible scalp skin reactions, with grades 1-2 and grade 3 skin reactions reported by 51% and 2% of patients, respectively. Conclusions Combining TTFields with maintenance TMZ significantly improved PFS and OS in elderly patients with ndGBM in the phase 3 EF-14 clinical trial, without significant increases in systemic toxicity or negatively affecting patient HRQoL. TTFields-related skin AEs were low-grade and manageable. Clinical Trial Registration https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00916409, identifier: NCT00916409.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zvi Ram
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tel Aviv Medical Center and Tel Aviv University School of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Chae-Yong Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Andreas F Hottinger
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, CHUV Lausanne University Hospital & University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ahmed Idbaih
- Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau, ICM, AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Paris, France
| | - Garth Nicholas
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jay-Jiguang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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14
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Norton ES, Da Mesquita S, Guerrero-Cazares H. SERPINA3 in glioblastoma and Alzheimer's disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:21812-21813. [PMID: 34587119 PMCID: PMC8507276 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Norton
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.,Regenerative Sciences Training Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - Hugo Guerrero-Cazares
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.,Regenerative Sciences Training Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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15
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Barbagallo GMV, Altieri R, Garozzo M, Maione M, Di Gregorio S, Visocchi M, Peschillo S, Dolce P, Certo F. High Grade Glioma Treatment in Elderly People: Is It Different Than in Younger Patients? Analysis of Surgical Management Guided by an Intraoperative Multimodal Approach and Its Impact on Clinical Outcome. Front Oncol 2021; 10:631255. [PMID: 33718122 PMCID: PMC7943843 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.631255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Age is considered a negative prognostic factor for High Grade Gliomas (HGGs) and many neurosurgeons remain skeptical about the benefits of aggressive treatment. New surgical and technological improvements may allow extended safe resection, with lower level of post-operative complications. This opportunity opens the unsolved question about the most appropriate HGG treatment in elderly patients. The aim of this study is to analyze if HGG maximal safe resection guided by an intraoperative multimodal imaging protocol coupled with neuromonitoring is associated with differences in outcome in elderly patients versus younger ones. METHODS We reviewed 100 patients, 53 (53%) males and 47 (47%) females, with median (IQR) age of 64 (57; 72) years. Eight patients were diagnosed with Anaplastic Astrocytoma (AA), 92 with Glioblastoma (GBM). Surgery was aimed to achieve safe maximal resection. An intraoperative multimodal imaging protocol, including neuronavigation, neurophysiological monitoring, 5-ALA fluorescence, 11C MET-PET, navigated i-US system and i-CT, was used, and its impact on EOTR and clinical outcome in elderly patients was analyzed. We divided patients in two groups according to their age: <65 and >65 years, and surgical and clinical results (EOTR, post-operative KPS, OS and PFS) were compared. Yet, to better understand age-related differences, the same patient cohort was also divided into <70 and >70 years and all the above data reanalyzed. RESULTS In the first cohort division, we did not found KPS difference over time and survival analysis did not show significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.36 for OS and p = 0.49 for PFS). Same results were obtained increasing the age cut-off for age up to 70 years (p = 0.52 for OS and p = 0.92 for PFS). CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate that there is not statistically significant difference in post-operative EOTR, KPS, OS, and PFS between younger and elderly patients treated with extensive tumor resection aided by a intraoperative multimodal protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Maria Vincenzo Barbagallo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Policlinico "G. Rodolico" University Hospital, Catania, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Brain Tumors Diagnosis and Treatment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Roberto Altieri
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Policlinico "G. Rodolico" University Hospital, Catania, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Brain Tumors Diagnosis and Treatment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Garozzo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Policlinico "G. Rodolico" University Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Maione
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Policlinico "G. Rodolico" University Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefania Di Gregorio
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Policlinico "G. Rodolico" University Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Simone Peschillo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Policlinico "G. Rodolico" University Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Pasquale Dolce
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Certo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Policlinico "G. Rodolico" University Hospital, Catania, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Brain Tumors Diagnosis and Treatment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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16
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Nunna RS, Khalid SI, Patel S, Sethi A, Behbahani M, Mehta AI, Adogwa O, Byrne RW. Outcomes and Patterns of Care in Elderly Patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme. World Neurosurg 2021; 149:e1026-e1037. [PMID: 33482415 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, with an increased incidence among the elderly. However, the optimal treatment strategy in elderly patients remains unclear. This study seeks to investigate the effect of patient selection and treatment strategies on survival trends in these patients. METHODS Patients with diagnosis codes specific for GBM were queried from the National Cancer Database during 2004-2016. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to investigate outcomes. Survival curves and 5-year survival were also generated based on patient-specific factors. RESULTS Among 104,456 patients with GBM identified, elderly patients were less likely to receive radiotherapy (61.3% vs. 77.8%; P < 0.001) or chemotherapy (47.2% vs. 62.9%; P < 0.001) or to undergo surgical resection (68.3% vs. 81.8; P < 0.001). Mean overall survival was 9.1 months (standard deviation, 10.0) and 5-year survival was 5.3%. Multivariate analysis showed age 75-84 years (hazard ratio [HR], 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-1.73; P = 0.003) and lower Karnofsky Performance Status (50-70: HR, 1.68, 95% CI, 1.35-2.08, P < 0.001; ≤40: HR, 1.79, 95% CI 1.18-2.72, P = 0.006) were associated with decreased overall survival, whereas surgical resection (subtotal resection: HR, 0.52, 95% CI, 0.38-0.71, P < 0.001; gross total resection: HR, 0.29, 95% CI, 0.21-0.41, P < 0.001), radiotherapy (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.47-0.91; P = 0.012), and chemotherapy (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.48-0.88; P = 0.006) were associated with increased overall survival in elderly patients. CONCLUSIONS In an analysis of 104,456 patients with GBM, all treatment modalities were found to be used less frequently in elderly patients. Increasing age and poor performance status were associated with worsened survival. Gross total resection was associated with the greatest survival benefit, and chemotherapy and radiotherapy also improved survival outcomes. These treatment options improved outcomes regardless of performance status. Although maximal treatment strategies may improve survival in elderly patients with GBM, these treatment strategies must be balanced against patient-specific factors and quality-of-life concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi S Nunna
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
| | - Syed I Khalid
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Saavan Patel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Abhishek Sethi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mandana Behbahani
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ankit I Mehta
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Owoicho Adogwa
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Richard W Byrne
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Duggan MR, Weaver M, Khalili K. PAM (PIK3/AKT/mTOR) signaling in glia: potential contributions to brain tumors in aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:1510-1527. [PMID: 33472174 PMCID: PMC7835031 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite a growing proportion of aged individuals at risk for developing cancer in the brain, the prognosis for these conditions remains abnormally poor due to limited knowledge of underlying mechanisms and minimal treatment options. While cancer metabolism in other organs is commonly associated with upregulated glycolysis (i.e. Warburg effect) and hyperactivation of PIK3/AKT/mTOR (PAM) pathways, the unique bioenergetic demands of the central nervous system may interact with these oncogenic processes to promote tumor progression in aging. Specifically, constitutive glycolysis and PIK3/AKT/mTOR signaling in glia may be dysregulated by age-dependent alterations in neurometabolic demands, ultimately contributing to pathological processes otherwise associated with PIK3/AKT/mTOR induction (e.g. cell cycle entry, impaired autophagy, dysregulated inflammation). Although several limitations to this theoretical model exist, the consideration of aberrant PIK3/AKT/mTOR signaling in glia during aging elucidates several therapeutic opportunities for brain tumors, including non-pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Duggan
- Department of Neuroscience Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Michael Weaver
- Department of Neurosurgery Temple University Hospital Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Kamel Khalili
- Department of Neuroscience Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Czernicki T. Surgical Management of Intracranial Meningiomas in the Elderly: Early and Long-term Outcomes. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:2439-2451. [PMID: 33408468 PMCID: PMC7779800 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s283678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In view of the risk associated with the surgical treatment of intracranial meningiomas in the elderly population due to the physiology of aging and multiple comorbidities, an attempt was made to identify factors influencing outcomes and to define the subgroup of patients who should not be operated on due to poor results. Patients and Methods A retrospective analysis of 58 patients over 70 years old with assessment of short-term and long-term outcomes. Scores by previously described CRGS, SKALE, and GSS grading systems were also calculated for our patients. Results Neurological morbidity was only associated with a critical location according to the SKALE grading system (P=0.02). Six patients (10.3%) died. Mortality was associated with the Karnofsky Performance Scale score (KPS ≤60 vs KPS ≥70; P=0.0162), the American Society of Anesthesiologists scale status (ASA 1 or 2 vs ASA 3; P=0.0022) and the WHO grade of meningiomas (P=0.012). Risk factors for tumor recurrence (six patients) were WHO grade (P=0.00048) and Simpson grade of resection (P=0.0437). At follow-up, excluding patients who died due to surgery or recurrence (15.5%), most patients improved (50%) or remained unchanged (25.9%) in relation to the preoperative KPS status. Conclusion Postoperative neurological deterioration was only associated with a critical tumor location (skull base, eloquent area, large vessels involvement by the tumor). Due to a significantly higher risk of death, careful consideration should be taken for surgery in patients in a poor functional condition (KPS ≤60) or in a poor physical condition (ASA 3 status). An improvement or at least nonworsening of the neurological status in relation to the preoperative condition was observed in the majority of patients during follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Czernicki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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19
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Chandra A, Lopez-Rivera V, Dono A, Brandel MG, Lewis C, O'Connor KP, Sheth SA, Ballester LY, Aghi MK, Esquenazi Y. Comparative Analysis of Survival Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of Supratentorial versus Cerebellar Glioblastoma in the Elderly: Does Location Really Matter? World Neurosurg 2020; 146:e755-e767. [PMID: 33171326 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebellar glioblastomas (cGBMs) are rare tumors that are uncommon in the elderly. In this study, we compare survival outcomes and identify prognostic factors of cGBM compared with the supratentorial (stGBM) counterpart in the elderly. METHODS Data from the SEER 18 registries were used to identify patients with a glioblastoma (GBM) diagnosis between 2000 and 2016. The log-rank method and a multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model were used for analysis. RESULTS Among 110 elderly patients with cGBM, the median age was 74 years (interquartile range [IQR], 69-79 years), 39% were female and 83% were white. Of these patients, 32% underwent gross total resection, 73% radiotherapy, and 39% chemotherapy. Multivariable analysis of the unmatched and matched cohort showed that tumor location was not associated with survival; in the unmatched cohort, insurance status (hazard ratio [HR], 0.11; IQR, 0.02-0.49; P = 0.004), gross total resection (HR, 0.53; IQR, 0.30-0.91; P = 0.022), and radiotherapy (HR, 0.33; IQR, 0.18-0.61; P < 0.0001) were associated with better survival. Patients with cGBM and stGBM undergoing radiotherapy (7 months vs. 2 months; P < 0.001) and chemotherapy (10 months vs. 3 months; P < 0.0001) had improved survival. Long-term mortality was lower for cGBM in the elderly at 24 months compared with the stGBM cohort (P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS In our study, elderly patients with cGBM and stGBM have similar outcomes in overall survival, and those undergoing maximal resection with adjuvant therapies, independent of tumor location, have improved outcomes. Thus, aggressive treatment should be encouraged for cGBM in geriatric patients to confer the same survival benefits seen in stGBM. Single-institutional and multi-institutional studies to identify patient-level prognostic factors are warranted to triage the best surgical candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Chandra
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Hermann Hospital-TMC, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Victor Lopez-Rivera
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Antonio Dono
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael G Brandel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Cole Lewis
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Hermann Hospital-TMC, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kyle P O'Connor
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Hermann Hospital-TMC, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sunil A Sheth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Hermann Hospital-TMC, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Leomar Y Ballester
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Hermann Hospital-TMC, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Manish K Aghi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yoshua Esquenazi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Memorial Hermann Hospital-TMC, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA; Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Jacobs KA, Maghe C, Gavard J. Lysosomes in glioblastoma: pump up the volume. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:2094-2104. [PMID: 32723137 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1796016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are acidic, dynamic organelles that supervise catabolism, integrate signaling cascades, and tune cellular trafficking. Moreover, the loss of their integrity may jeopardize cell viability. In cancer cells, lysosomes are qualitatively and quantitatively modified for the tumor's own benefit. For all these reasons, these organelles emerge as appealing intracellular targets to manipulate non-oncogene addiction. This is of particular interest for brain diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders and cancer, in which stem cells are exhausted and transformed, respectively. Recent publications had demonstrated that stem cells displayed disarmed lysosomes in terms of number and functions during aging and oncogenic progression. Likewise, our laboratory identified that the arginine protease MALT1, normally dedicated to the assembly of proper NF-kB activation and processing a number of substrates, arbitrates lysosome biogenesis and mTOR signaling in glioblastoma stem-like cells. Indeed, blocking either the expression or the activity of this enzyme leads to an aberrant increase of lysosomes, alongside of the down-regulation of the mTOR signaling. This surge of lysosomes eradicates glioblastoma stem-like cells. Targeting lysosomes might thus inspire the design of new strategies to face this devastating human cancer. Here, we provide an overview of the functions of the lysosome as well as its role as a cell death initiator, to highlight the potential of lysosomal drugs for glioblastoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Jacobs
- Team SOAP, CRCINA, Inserm, CNRS, Université De Nantes, Université d'Angers , Nantes, France
| | - Clément Maghe
- Team SOAP, CRCINA, Inserm, CNRS, Université De Nantes, Université d'Angers , Nantes, France
| | - Julie Gavard
- Team SOAP, CRCINA, Inserm, CNRS, Université De Nantes, Université d'Angers , Nantes, France.,Integrated Center for Oncology, ICO , St. Herblain, France
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21
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Zhou X, Niu X, Mao Q, Liu Y. Clinical Significance of Various Classification Standards of Age Groups in Predicting Survival of Patients with Glioblastoma. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e920627. [PMID: 32471970 PMCID: PMC7282532 DOI: 10.12659/msm.920627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The present study aimed to assess the association of various age groups with survival in patients with glioblastoma. Material/Methods The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to extracted data on new diagnoses of glioblastoma between 2005 and 2015. Four age models were constructed according to the age at diagnosis. Results A total of 28 734 patients with glioblastoma (16 823 men and 11 911 women) were enrolled in the study. In multivariate analysis, variables including sex, race, tumor, and clinical information were identified as confounding factors to adjust 4 age models. In model 1, ages 39–58, 59–78, and 79+ years were risk factors of survival compared with age 0–18 years. In model 2, ages 18–65, 66–79, and 80+ years were prognostic factors of shorter survival compared with ages 0–17 years. In model 3, ages 45–59, 60–74, and 75+ years were associated with poor prognosis, while ages 18–44 years was associated with favorable clinical outcomes compared with ages 0–17 years. In model 4, ages 18–53, 54–64, and 65+ years were associated with poor prognosis. Conclusions The differences in prognoses in different age groups of glioblastoma patients suggest that clinicians should incorporate age into routine clinical assessments and develop appropriate treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingwang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaodong Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Qing Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (mainland)
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22
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Shen E, Johnson MO, Lee JW, Lipp ES, Randazzo DM, Desjardins A, McLendon RE, Friedman HS, Ashley DM, Kirkpatrick JP, Peters KB, Walsh KM. Performance of a nomogram for IDH-wild-type glioblastoma patient survival in an elderly cohort. Neurooncol Adv 2019; 1:vdz036. [PMID: 32642665 PMCID: PMC7212897 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdz036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erica Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Margaret O Johnson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jessica W Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Eric S Lipp
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Dina M Randazzo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Annick Desjardins
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Roger E McLendon
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Henry S Friedman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - David M Ashley
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - John P Kirkpatrick
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Katherine B Peters
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kyle M Walsh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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23
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Lukas RV, Taylor JW, Kurz SC, Mohile NA. Clinical neuro-oncology for the neurologist. Neurol Clin Pract 2019; 10:458-465. [PMID: 33299675 DOI: 10.1212/cpj.0000000000000765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of review Neuro-oncologic patients are routinely encountered in clinical practice. Neuro-oncology is a rapidly evolving field, so understanding the most classic paradigms and contemporary advances will optimize patient care. Recent findings We discuss the recent reclassification of tumors via molecular characteristics as it applies to direct clinical practice and review the contemporary standard of care for infiltrating gliomas, meningiomas, brain metastases, and CNS lymphoma. Summary We provide a straightforward primer on neuro-oncology with a focus on the brain tumors most commonly encountered by the adult neurologist and a clear emphasis on clinically relevant points including those which have recently become incorporated into our standard management. We cite key reviews to allow interested readers an opportunity to gain a more comprehensive understanding of specific topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimas V Lukas
- Department of Neurology (RVL), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; The Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center (RVL), Chicago, IL; Departments of Neurology and Neurological Surgery (JWT), University of California-San Francisco; Department of Neurology (SCK), New York University, New York; Brain and Spine Tumor Center at the Perlmutter Cancer Center (SCK), New York, NY; and Department of Neurology (NAM), University of Rochester, NY
| | - Jennie W Taylor
- Department of Neurology (RVL), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; The Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center (RVL), Chicago, IL; Departments of Neurology and Neurological Surgery (JWT), University of California-San Francisco; Department of Neurology (SCK), New York University, New York; Brain and Spine Tumor Center at the Perlmutter Cancer Center (SCK), New York, NY; and Department of Neurology (NAM), University of Rochester, NY
| | - Sylvia C Kurz
- Department of Neurology (RVL), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; The Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center (RVL), Chicago, IL; Departments of Neurology and Neurological Surgery (JWT), University of California-San Francisco; Department of Neurology (SCK), New York University, New York; Brain and Spine Tumor Center at the Perlmutter Cancer Center (SCK), New York, NY; and Department of Neurology (NAM), University of Rochester, NY
| | - Nimish A Mohile
- Department of Neurology (RVL), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; The Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute of the Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center (RVL), Chicago, IL; Departments of Neurology and Neurological Surgery (JWT), University of California-San Francisco; Department of Neurology (SCK), New York University, New York; Brain and Spine Tumor Center at the Perlmutter Cancer Center (SCK), New York, NY; and Department of Neurology (NAM), University of Rochester, NY
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24
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Cohen-Inbar O. Geriatric brain tumor management part II: Glioblastoma multiforme. J Clin Neurosci 2019; 67:1-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Manikandan C, Kaushik A, Sen D. Viral vector: potential therapeutic for glioblastoma multiforme. Cancer Gene Ther 2019; 27:270-279. [PMID: 31316136 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-019-0124-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is a highly malignant primary brain tumour found in adults and is highlighted as the most devastating among all the other grades of glioma. Well-established standard treatment methods, such as chemotherapy, radiation and surgery, have resulted in modest improvement in the survival of patients. Hence, the arduous search for novel treatments backed by advancements in molecular biology still persists. Glioblastoma has many distinctive characteristics, which makes it a potential candidate for gene therapy. Gene therapy involves the delivery of genetic material of therapeutic use into tumour cells, which produces a specific antitumour response. Moreover, viruses stimulate a vigorous cytotoxic effect, they are easily modifiable and the inherent property of horizontal transfer of genetic material makes them valuable tools for genetic engineering. In this review, we have enlisted the various viral vectors employed in gene therapy for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceera Manikandan
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Akshita Kaushik
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Dwaipayan Sen
- Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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26
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Addeo R, Lamberti G, Simonetti G, Iodice P, Marinelli A, Montella L, Cappabianca S, Gaviani P, Caraglia M, Prete SD, Silvani A. Biweekly fotemustine schedule for recurrent glioblastoma in the elderly: activity and toxicity assessment of a multicenter study. CNS Oncol 2019; 8:CNS32. [PMID: 31290692 PMCID: PMC6713024 DOI: 10.2217/cns-2019-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of alternative fotemustine administration schedule in elderly patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Patients & methods: Patients aged >65 years with recurrent glioblastoma received fotemustine (80 mg/m2; days 1, 15, 30, 45 and 60, and subsequently every 4 weeks). Primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 6 months. Main secondary end point was safety. Results: 58 patients were enrolled at two centers. PFS at 6 months was 47% (27 patients) and overall response rate was 29%. Median PFS and survival were 6 and 7 months, respectively, and longer in responders versus nonresponders. No grade 3-4 hematological toxicities occurred. Conclusion: The alternative fotemustine administration schedule was an effective and safe treatment for recurrent glioblastoma in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Addeo
- Medical Oncology Unit, ‘San Giovanni di Dio’ Hospital, A.S.L. Napoli 2 Nord, Frattamaggiore (Naples), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lamberti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic & Specialty Medicine, S.Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Iodice
- Medical Oncology Unit, ‘San Giovanni di Dio’ Hospital, A.S.L. Napoli 2 Nord, Frattamaggiore (Naples), Italy
| | - Alfredo Marinelli
- Department of Clinical Medicine & Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Liliana Montella
- Medical Oncology Unit, ‘San Giovanni di Dio’ Hospital, A.S.L. Napoli 2 Nord, Frattamaggiore (Naples), Italy
| | - Salvatore Cappabianca
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania ‘L. Vanvitelli’, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Gaviani
- Neuro Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCSS ‘Carlo Besta’, Milano, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania ‘L. Vanvitelli’, Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Del Prete
- Medical Oncology Unit, ‘San Giovanni di Dio’ Hospital, A.S.L. Napoli 2 Nord, Frattamaggiore (Naples), Italy
| | - Antonio Silvani
- Neuro Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCSS ‘Carlo Besta’, Milano, Italy
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27
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Kucheryavykh LY, Ortiz-Rivera J, Kucheryavykh YV, Zayas-Santiago A, Diaz-Garcia A, Inyushin MY. Accumulation of Innate Amyloid Beta Peptide in Glioblastoma Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102482. [PMID: 31137462 PMCID: PMC6567111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunostaining with specific antibodies has shown that innate amyloid beta (Aβ) is accumulated naturally in glioma tumors and nearby blood vessels in a mouse model of glioma. In immunofluorescence images, Aβ peptide coincides with glioma cells, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) have shown that Aβ peptide is enriched in the membrane protein fraction of tumor cells. ELISAs have also confirmed that the Aβ(1–40) peptide is enriched in glioma tumor areas relative to healthy brain areas. Thioflavin staining revealed that at least some amyloid is present in glioma tumors in aggregated forms. We may suggest that the presence of aggregated amyloid in glioma tumors together with the presence of Aβ immunofluorescence coinciding with glioma cells and the nearby vasculature imply that the source of Aβ peptides in glioma can be systemic Aβ from blood vessels, but this question remains unresolved and needs additional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Y Kucheryavykh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, PO Box 60327, Bayamon, PR 00960-6032, USA.
| | - Jescelica Ortiz-Rivera
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, PO Box 60327, Bayamon, PR 00960-6032, USA.
| | - Yuriy V Kucheryavykh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, PO Box 60327, Bayamon, PR 00960-6032, USA.
| | - Astrid Zayas-Santiago
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, PO Box 60327, Bayamon, PR 00960-6032, USA.
| | - Amanda Diaz-Garcia
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, PO Box 60327, Bayamon, PR 00960-6032, USA.
| | - Mikhail Y Inyushin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Universidad Central del Caribe, PO Box 60327, Bayamon, PR 00960-6032, USA.
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28
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Sherrod BA, Gamboa NT, Wilkerson C, Wilde H, Azab MA, Karsy M, Jensen RL, Menacho ST. Effect of patient age on glioblastoma perioperative treatment costs: a value driven outcome database analysis. J Neurooncol 2019; 143:465-473. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-019-03178-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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29
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Ladomersky E, Scholtens DM, Kocherginsky M, Hibler EA, Bartom ET, Otto-Meyer S, Zhai L, Lauing KL, Choi J, Sosman JA, Wu JD, Zhang B, Lukas RV, Wainwright DA. The Coincidence Between Increasing Age, Immunosuppression, and the Incidence of Patients With Glioblastoma. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:200. [PMID: 30971917 PMCID: PMC6446059 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor in adults and is associated with a median overall survival (mOS) of 16-21 months. Our previous work found a negative association between advanced aging and the survival benefit after treatment with immunotherapy in an experimental brain tumor model. Given the recent phase III clinical success of immunotherapy in patients with many types of cancer, but not for patients with GBM, we hypothesize that aging enhances immunosuppression in the brain and contributes to the lack of efficacy for immunotherapy to improve mOS in patients with malignant glioma. Herein, we compare epidemiological data for the incidence and mortality of patients with central nervous system (CNS) cancers, in addition to immune-related gene expression in the normal human brain, as well as peripheral blood immunological changes across the adult lifespan. Methods: Data were extracted from the National Cancer Institute's surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER)-, the Broad Institute's Genotype Tissue Expression project (GTEx)-, and the University of California San Francisco's 10k Immunomes-databases and analyzed for associations with aging. Results: The proportion of elderly individuals, defined as ≥65 years of age, has predominantly increased for more than 100 years in the United States. Over time, the rise in elderly United States citizens has correlated with an increased incidence and mortality rate associated with primary brain and other CNS cancer. With advanced aging, human mRNA expression for factors associated with immunoregulation including immunosuppressive indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1 (IDO) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), as well as the dendritic cell surface marker, CD11c, increase in the brain of normal human subjects, coincident with increased circulating immunosuppressive Tregs and decreased cytolytic CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood. Strikingly, these changes are maximally pronounced in the 60-69 year old group; consistent with the median age of a diagnosis for GBM. Conclusion: These data demonstrate a significant association between normal human aging and increased immunosuppression in the circulation and CNS; particularly late in life. Our data raise several hypotheses including that, aging: (i) progressively suppresses normal immunosurveillance and thereby contributes to GBM cell initiation and/or outgrowth; (ii) decreases immunotherapeutic efficacy against malignant glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Ladomersky
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Denise M Scholtens
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Masha Kocherginsky
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Hibler
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Elizabeth T Bartom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sebastian Otto-Meyer
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lijie Zhai
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kristen L Lauing
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jaehyuk Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Sosman
- Department of Medicine-Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jennifer D Wu
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Medicine-Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Rimas V Lukas
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Derek A Wainwright
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Medicine-Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
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30
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Lukas RV, Wainwright DA, Ladomersky E, Sachdev S, Sonabend AM, Stupp R. Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma: A Review on Clinical Management. ONCOLOGY (WILLISTON PARK, N.Y.) 2019; 33:91-100. [PMID: 30866031 PMCID: PMC7278092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive primary tumor of the central nervous system. This review will focus on clinical developments and management of newly diagnosed disease, including a discussion about the incorporation of molecular features into the classification of glioblastoma. Such advances will continue to shape our thinking about the disease and how to best manage it. With regards to treatment, the role of surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and tumor-treating fields will be presented. Pivotal studies defining our current standard of care will be highlighted, as will key ongoing trials that may influence our management of glioblastoma in the near future.
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31
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Yang X, Zhu H, Yang X, Li N, Huang H, Liu T, Guo X, Xu X, Xia L, Deng C, Tian X, Yang Z. Targeting CAIX with [ 64Cu]XYIMSR-06 Small Molecular Radiotracer Enables Noninvasive PET Imaging of Malignant Glioma in U87 MG Tumor Cell Xenograft Mice. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:1532-1540. [PMID: 30803240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) plays an important role in glioma cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. An effective and noninvasive PET molecular imaging agent targeting CAIX would help its diagnosis and treatment but is not currently available. Recently, a low-molecular-weight (LMW) CAIX targeting agent, [64Cu]XYIMSR-06, was reported to have significantly improved properties for targeting clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). We are encouraged to investigate the feasibility of adapting this agent for the diagnosis and treatment of CAIX-overexpressing malignant glioma. In vitro cell uptake and binding affinity assays were used to verify the binding capacity of [64Cu]XYIMSR-06 to U87 MG tumor cells in which CAIX overexpression was confirmed. The U87 MG tumor-bearing mouse (in situ and subcutaneous) model was built, and mice were injected with the radiotracer and/or coinjected with acetazolamide (0.2 g/kg) as a blocking agent for noninvasive micro-PET imaging. Micro-PET imaging was performed at 2, 4, and 8 h postinjection. ROI (region of interest)-based semiquantification was performed in an orthotopic glioma tumor model. Biodistribution throughout each organ was performed at 2, 4, 4 h block, 8, and 24 h postinjection. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunofluorescence or immunohistochemistry (IF/IHC) staining were implemented postimaging to assess the expression of CAIX in tumor organs. In vitro, [64Cu]XYIMSR-06 exhibits greater uptake in glioma cells (high CAIX expression) than in HCT116 cells (low CAIX expression). The binding affinity of [64Cu]XYIMSR-06 to U87 MG cell lines reaches up to 4.22 nM. Both orthotopic and subcutaneous tumors were clearly visualized at 2-8 h postinjection. Biodistribution studies demonstrated a maximum tumor uptake of 3.13% ID/g at 4 h postinjection, and the tumor to brain ratio (T/brain) was 6.51 at 8 h postinjection. The ROI-based T/brain values were 7.03 and 5.46 at 2 and 8 h postinjection, respectively. Histopathological analysis confirmed the overexpression of CAIX in gliomas, and the area of CAIX-positive IF staining is extremely consistent with the morphology on micro-PET imaging. In this study, [64Cu]XYIMSR-06 demonstrated specific accumulation in CAIX-expressing U87 MG glioma tumors, indicating that the radiotracer has the potential for noninvasively monitoring and guiding personalized treatment of malignant glioma and other tumors overexpressing CAIX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianteng Yang
- Guizhou University School of Medicine , Guiyang , Guizhou 550025 , China.,Department of Orthopaedics , People's Hospital of Guizhou Province , Guiyang , Guizhou 550002 , China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine , Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute , Beijing 100142 , China
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine , Peking University First Hospital , Beijing 100034 , China
| | - Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine , Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute , Beijing 100142 , China
| | - Haifeng Huang
- Guizhou University School of Medicine , Guiyang , Guizhou 550025 , China.,Department of Orthopaedics , People's Hospital of Guizhou Province , Guiyang , Guizhou 550002 , China
| | - Teli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine , Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute , Beijing 100142 , China
| | - Xiaoyi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine , Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute , Beijing 100142 , China
| | - Xiaoxia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine , Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute , Beijing 100142 , China
| | - Lei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine , Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute , Beijing 100142 , China
| | - Chaoyong Deng
- Guizhou University School of Medicine , Guiyang , Guizhou 550025 , China
| | - Xiaobin Tian
- Guizhou Medical University , Guiyang , Guizhou 550004 , China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine , Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute , Beijing 100142 , China
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Tian Y, Zheng Y, Dong X. AGAP2‐AS1 serves as an oncogenic lncRNA and prognostic biomarker in glioblastoma multiforme. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:9056-9062. [PMID: 30525219 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Tian
- Department of Pathology No. 215 Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry Xianyang Shaanxi China
| | - Yong Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery Shenzhen Baoan People's Hospital Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Xin Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery Xianyang Hospital of Yan’an University Xianyang Shaanxi China
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Heiland DH, Haaker G, Watzlawick R, Delev D, Masalha W, Franco P, Machein M, Staszewski O, Oelhke O, Nicolay NH, Schnell O. One decade of glioblastoma multiforme surgery in 342 elderly patients: what have we learned? J Neurooncol 2018; 140:385-391. [PMID: 30076585 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-2964-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults with peak incidence in patients older than 65 years. These patients are mostly underrepresented in clinical trials and often undertreated due to concomitant diseases. Recently, different therapeutic approaches for elderly patients with GBM were discussed. To date, there is no defined standard treatment. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the functional and oncological outcome in surgical treatment of elderly patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 342 elderly patients aged ≥ 65 years were retrospectively analyzed in our neurosurgical center. Surgical therapy, adjuvant treatment, overall survival (OS) and functional outcome using Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) and Neurological assessment of neuro-oncology-score were analyzed. RESULTS The median age at GBM diagnosis was 73.4 (IQR 9.28) years. Median overall survival was 7.5 (CI 95% 6.0-9.1) months and median preoperative or postoperative KPS was 80 (IQR 20). Surgical resection was performed in 216 (63.2%) patients, in 125 patients (36.5%) patients a stereotactic biopsy was performed. The median OS was significantly higher in patients with gross total resection (GTR) compared to partial resection and biopsy (10.8 months; CI 95% 9.5-12.3). Patients with combined radio- and chemo-therapy (RCT) showed significant longer OS, particularly MGMT-negative GBM. Higher preoperative KPS was found to be associated with improved overall survival. CONCLUSION GTR and adjuvant combined RCT provides benefits for overall survival in elderly patients. Therapy decision should be made in regard to preoperative functional status instead of biological age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Henrik Heiland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Gerrit Haaker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Watzlawick
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Delev
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Waseem Masalha
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pamela Franco
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marcia Machein
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ori Staszewski
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Oelhke
- Radiation Clinic, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nils Henrik Nicolay
- Radiation Clinic, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Schnell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 64, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Deluche E, Leobon S, Lamarche F, Tubiana-Mathieu N. First validation of the G-8 geriatric screening tool in older patients with glioblastoma. J Geriatr Oncol 2018; 10:159-163. [PMID: 30037767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Management of glioblastoma, with a very poor prognosis, remains a challenge in older patients because of coexisting comorbidities and the increased risk of toxic treatment effects. The use of screening tools to identify vulnerable patients is essential. This study was performed to establish whether the G8 scale can be used for screening older patients with glioblastoma. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the files of patients assessed by the G8 scale and diagnosed with glioblastoma at a single center from January 2010 to July 2017. Patients aged 65 years or older were classified into three groups (more efficiently than two groups) according to their G8 score to identify those with a poor prognosis: high score group, G8 score 14.5-17; intermediate score group, G8 score 10.5-14; and low score group, G8 score < 10.5. RESULTS Of 89 patients, 19% were classified into the high score group, 43% into the intermediate score group, and 38% into the low score group. Median overall survival was four months in the low score group, 15 months in the intermediate score group, and 42 months in the high score group (p < .0001). On multivariate analysis, G8 score was a significant independent predictor of overall survival (hazard ratio: 55.46; 99.5% confidence interval: 13.42-229.13; p < .0001). CONCLUSIONS Here, we highlighted the possibility of using the G8 score, with possibly three cut-offs, in the management of older patients with glioblastoma and determined the prognostic role of this quick and easy screening tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Deluche
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital, Limoges 87042, France.
| | - Sophie Leobon
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital, Limoges 87042, France
| | - Francois Lamarche
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital, Limoges 87042, France
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Ladomersky E, Zhai L, Lenzen A, Lauing KL, Qian J, Scholtens DM, Gritsina G, Sun X, Liu Y, Yu F, Gong W, Liu Y, Jiang B, Tang T, Patel R, Platanias LC, James CD, Stupp R, Lukas RV, Binder DC, Wainwright DA. IDO1 Inhibition Synergizes with Radiation and PD-1 Blockade to Durably Increase Survival Against Advanced Glioblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:2559-2573. [PMID: 29500275 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-3573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Glioblastoma is the most aggressive primary brain tumor in adults with a median survival of 15-20 months. Numerous approaches and novel therapeutics for treating glioblastoma have been investigated in the setting of phase III clinical trials, including a recent analysis of the immune checkpoint inhibitor, nivolumab (anti-PD-1), which failed to improve recurrent glioblastoma patient survival. However, rather than abandoning immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment for glioblastoma, which has shown promise in other types of cancer, ongoing studies are currently evaluating this therapeutic class when combined with other agents.Experimental Design: Here, we investigated immunocompetent orthotopic mouse models of glioblastoma treated with the potent CNS-penetrating IDO1 enzyme inhibitor, BGB-5777, combined with anti-PD1 mAb, as well as radiotherapy, based on our recent observation that tumor-infiltrating T cells directly increase immunosuppressive IDO1 levels in human glioblastoma, the previously described reinvigoration of immune cell functions after PD-1 blockade, as well as the proinflammatory effects of radiation.Results: Our results demonstrate a durable survival benefit from this novel three-agent treatment, but not for any single- or dual-agent combination. Unexpectedly, treatment efficacy required IDO1 enzyme inhibition in non-glioblastoma cells, rather than tumor cells. Timing of effector T-cell infiltration, animal subject age, and usage of systemic chemotherapy, all directly impacted therapy-mediated survival benefit.Conclusions: These data highlight a novel and clinically relevant immunotherapeutic approach with associated mechanistic considerations that have formed the basis of a newly initiated phase I/II trial for glioblastoma patients. Clin Cancer Res; 24(11); 2559-73. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Ladomersky
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lijie Zhai
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alicia Lenzen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kristen L Lauing
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Denise M Scholtens
- Department of Preventive Medicine-Biostatistics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Galina Gritsina
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xuebing Sun
- BeiGene, Zhong-Guan-Cun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Liu
- BeiGene, Zhong-Guan-Cun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Fenglong Yu
- BeiGene, Zhong-Guan-Cun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Wenfeng Gong
- BeiGene, Zhong-Guan-Cun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Liu
- BeiGene, Zhong-Guan-Cun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Beibei Jiang
- BeiGene, Zhong-Guan-Cun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Tristin Tang
- BeiGene, Zhong-Guan-Cun Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing, China
| | - Ricky Patel
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois
| | - Leonidas C Platanias
- Department of Medicine-Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - C David James
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Roger Stupp
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Medicine-Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rimas V Lukas
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David C Binder
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Derek A Wainwright
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. .,Department of Medicine-Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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