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Cabezuelo MT, Torres L, Ortiz-Zapater E, López-Rodas G, Marín MP, Timoneda J, Viña JR, Zaragozá R, Barber T. Vitamin A Status Modulates Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition in the Lung: The Role of Furin. Nutrients 2024; 16:1177. [PMID: 38674868 PMCID: PMC11053499 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) induced TGF-β hyperactivation and reduced expression of cell adhesion proteins in the lung, suggesting that the disruption of retinoic acid (RA) signaling leads to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). To elucidate the role of lung vitamin A status in EMT, several EMT markers and the expression of the proprotein convertase furin, which activates TGF-β, were analyzed in two experimental models. Our in vivo model included control rats, VAD rats, and both control rats and VAD rats, treated with RA. For the in vitro studies, human bronchoalveolar epithelial cells treated with RA were used. Our data show that EMT and furin are induced in VAD rats. Furthermore, furin expression continues to increase much more markedly after treatment of VAD rats with RA. In control rats and cell lines, an acute RA treatment induced a significant increase in furin expression, concomitant with changes in EMT markers. A ChIP assay demonstrated that RA directly regulates furin transcription. These results emphasize the importance of maintaining vitamin A levels within the physiological range since both levels below and above this range can cause adverse effects that, paradoxically, could be similar. The role of furin in EMT is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Teresa Cabezuelo
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
- Centro Salud Safranar, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Torres
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-IIS INCLIVA, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.T.); (E.O.-Z.); (G.L.-R.); (J.T.); (J.R.V.); (T.B.)
| | - Elena Ortiz-Zapater
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-IIS INCLIVA, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.T.); (E.O.-Z.); (G.L.-R.); (J.T.); (J.R.V.); (T.B.)
| | - Gerardo López-Rodas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-IIS INCLIVA, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.T.); (E.O.-Z.); (G.L.-R.); (J.T.); (J.R.V.); (T.B.)
| | - M. Pilar Marín
- Microscopy Unit IIS La Fe Valencia, 46009 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Joaquín Timoneda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-IIS INCLIVA, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.T.); (E.O.-Z.); (G.L.-R.); (J.T.); (J.R.V.); (T.B.)
| | - Juan R. Viña
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-IIS INCLIVA, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.T.); (E.O.-Z.); (G.L.-R.); (J.T.); (J.R.V.); (T.B.)
| | - Rosa Zaragozá
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology-IIS INCLIVA, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Barber
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-IIS INCLIVA, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (L.T.); (E.O.-Z.); (G.L.-R.); (J.T.); (J.R.V.); (T.B.)
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Tang J, Yuan J, Sun J, Yan M, Li M, Liu Y, Xu S, Li J, Fu H, Li W, Hu Z. Integration of multiomics analysis to reveal the major pathways of vitamin A deficiency aggravates acute respiratory distress syndrome in neonatal rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22643. [PMID: 38114510 PMCID: PMC10730519 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47664-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a major disease that threatens the life and health of neonates. Vitamin A (VA) can participate in early fetal lung development and affect lung immune function. Researches revealed that the serum VA level in premature infants with ARDS was lower than that in premature infants without ARDS of the same gestational age, and premature infants with VA deficiency (VAD) were more likely to develop ARDS. Moreover, the VA levels can be used as a predictor of the development and severity of neonatal ARDS. However, the critical question here is; Does ARDS develop due to VAD in these systemic diseases? Or does ARDS develop because these diseases cause VAD? We hypothesize that VAD may aggravate neonatal ARDS by affecting immunity, metabolism, barriers and other pathways. In this article, we used multiomics analysis to find that VAD may aggravate ARDS mainly through the Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, the HIF-1 signaling pathway, glutathione metabolism, and valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation signaling pathways, which may provide the molecular pathogenic mechanism behind the pathology of VAD-aggravated ARDS and can also provide potential molecular targets for subsequent research on ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jiaqin Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, 644000, China
| | - Jinghao Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Mi Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Mengchun Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Shaohua Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis and Program of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Hong Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, Chongqing, 402260, China.
| | - Wanwei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Zhangxue Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
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Xing Y, Sheng K, Xiao X, Li J, Wei H, Liu L, Zhou W, Tong X. Vitamin A deficiency is associated with severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:120. [PMID: 32175413 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Children with vitamin A, D, and E deficiency are susceptible to respiratory infections. However, the correlations between the levels with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) and patient MPP occurrence is still unclear. This study aims to measure and compare the serum levels in severe (sMPP) and non-severe MPP (nsMPP) and to investigate the correlations between their levels and the occurrence of MPP. Methods A total of 122 children were enrolled, including 52 sMPP and 70 nsMPP aged 0-15 years old in 2015-2018. The serum levels of vitamins A, D, and E were measured and compared, and two-category logistic regression was used for correlation analysis of vitamins A, D, and E levels with nsMPP and sMPP. Results The age was older (7.12 vs. 4.01 y, P=0.002) in the sMPP samples than that in the nsMPP samples. Vitamin A deficiency was present in both the nsMPP and sMPP samples; its level was significantly lower (0.15±0.06 vs. 0.19±0.07, P=0.0193) in the sMPP serum than that in the nsMPP serum. Vitamins E and D in the sMPP samples were significantly lower (vitamin E 7.43±1.55 vs. 8.22±2.22, P=0.0104; vitamin D 23.08±11.0 vs. 32.07±19.2, P=0.0007) than that in the nsMPP group; both sMPP and nsMPP did not show a deficiency of vitamins E and D. Logistic regression analysis revealed that vitamin A deficiency was significantly (OR 0.001, 95% CI: 0.001-0.334, P=0.009) associated with sMPP, and vitamin A supplementation could reduce the incidence of sMPP. In ≥6 y sMPP, the incidence of vitamin A deficiency was 62.5%, while <6 y, 85%, showing a significant difference. Vitamin A level in <6 y sMPP was significantly lower than that in ≥6 y sMPP. Conclusions Vitamin A deficiency is associated with sMPP and more likely present in the younger sMPP samples. Therefore, it is important to watch and supplement vitamin A in M. pneumoniae infection patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xing
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kai Sheng
- Department of Emergency, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Xiumei Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongling Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaomei Tong
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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Vitamin A Deficiency and the Lung. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091132. [PMID: 30134568 PMCID: PMC6164133 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) is a fat-soluble micronutrient which together with its natural derivatives and synthetic analogues constitutes the group of retinoids. They are involved in a wide range of physiological processes such as embryonic development, vision, immunity and cellular differentiation and proliferation. Retinoic acid (RA) is the main active form of vitamin A and multiple genes respond to RA signalling through transcriptional and non-transcriptional mechanisms. Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is a remarkable public health problem. An adequate vitamin A intake is required in early lung development, alveolar formation, tissue maintenance and regeneration. In fact, chronic VAD has been associated with histopathological changes in the pulmonary epithelial lining that disrupt the normal lung physiology predisposing to severe tissue dysfunction and respiratory diseases. In addition, there are important alterations of the structure and composition of extracellular matrix with thickening of the alveolar basement membrane and ectopic deposition of collagen I. In this review, we show our recent findings on the modification of cell-junction proteins in VAD lungs, summarize up-to-date information related to the effects of chronic VAD in the impairment of lung physiology and pulmonary disease which represent a major global health problem and provide an overview of possible pathways involved.
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Sena LM, Zappelli C, Apone F, Barbulova A, Tito A, Leone A, Oliviero T, Ferracane R, Fogliano V, Colucci G. Brassica rapa hairy root extracts promote skin depigmentation by modulating melanin production and distribution. J Cosmet Dermatol 2018; 17:246-257. [PMID: 28670794 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin whitening products, used for ages by Asian people for cultural and esthetic purposes, are very popular nowadays in Western countries as well, where the need to inhibit skin spots after sun exposure has become not only a cosmetic but also a health-related issue. Thus, the development of effective and safe depigmenting agents derived from natural products gets continuous attention by cosmetic brands and consumers. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the effects of two preparations, obtained from the hairy root cultures of the species Brassica rapa, on melanogenesis and the expression of the extracellular matrix proteins involved in a correct pigment distribution. METHODS The two preparations, obtained by water-ethanol extraction and by digestion of cell-wall glycoproteins of the root cells, were chemically characterized and tested on skin cell cultures and on human skin explants to investigate on their dermatological activities. RESULTS Both the extracts were able to decrease melanin synthesis pathway in melanocytes and modulate the expression of genes involved in melanin distribution. One of the extracts was also effective in inducing the expression of laminin-5 and collagen IV, involved into the maintenance of tissue integrity. The two extracts, when tested together on human skin explants, demonstrated a good synergic hypopigmenting activity. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the results indicate that the extracts from B. rapa root cultures can be employed as cosmetic active ingredients in skin whitening products and as potential therapeutic agents for treating pigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fabio Apone
- Arterra Bioscience srl, Napoli, Italy
- Vitalab srl, Napoli, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonella Leone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Teresa Oliviero
- Food Quality & Design Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalia Ferracane
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fogliano
- Food Quality & Design Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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An overview of dermatological and cosmeceutical benefits of Diospyros kaki and its phytoconstituents. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Barber T, Esteban-Pretel G, Marín MP, Timoneda J. Vitamin a deficiency and alterations in the extracellular matrix. Nutrients 2014; 6:4984-5017. [PMID: 25389900 PMCID: PMC4245576 DOI: 10.3390/nu6114984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A or retinol which is the natural precursor of several biologically active metabolites can be considered the most multifunctional vitamin in mammals. Its deficiency is currently, along with protein malnutrition, the most serious and common nutritional disorder worldwide. It is necessary for normal embryonic development and postnatal tissue homeostasis, and exerts important effects on cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. These actions are produced mainly by regulating the expression of a variety of proteins through transcriptional and non-transcriptional mechanisms. Extracellular matrix proteins are among those whose synthesis is known to be modulated by vitamin A. Retinoic acid, the main biologically active form of vitamin A, influences the expression of collagens, laminins, entactin, fibronectin, elastin and proteoglycans, which are the major components of the extracellular matrix. Consequently, the structure and macromolecular composition of this extracellular compartment is profoundly altered as a result of vitamin A deficiency. As cell behavior, differentiation and apoptosis, and tissue mechanics are influenced by the extracellular matrix, its modifications potentially compromise organ function and may lead to disease. This review focuses on the effects of lack of vitamin A in the extracellular matrix of several organs and discusses possible molecular mechanisms and pathologic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Barber
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, Avda V. Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100-Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Esteban-Pretel
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, Avda V. Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100-Burjassot, Spain.
| | - María Pilar Marín
- Unidad de Microscopía IIS La Fe Valencia, Avda Campanar, 21, 46009-Valencia, Spain.
| | - Joaquín Timoneda
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de Valencia, Avda V. Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100-Burjassot, Spain.
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Study of the correlations among some parameters of the oxidative status, gelatinases, and their inhibitors in a group of subjects with metabolic syndrome. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:510619. [PMID: 25114377 PMCID: PMC4121250 DOI: 10.1155/2014/510619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Our aim was to examine some parameters of oxidative status, gelatinases, and their inhibitors and to evaluate their interrelationships in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MS). We enrolled 65 MS subjects, subdivided according to the presence or not of diabetes mellitus. We examined lipid peroxidation (expressed as thiobarbituric acid reacting substances, TBARS), protein oxidation (expressed as carbonyl groups), nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), total antioxidant status (TAS), MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2. We found that MS subjects, diabetics and nondiabetics, showed an increase in TBARS, PC, and NOx. A significant decrease in TAS was observed only in nondiabetic MS subjects in comparison with diabetic MS subjects. We observed increased concentrations of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2, higher in diabetic subjects. Our data showed a positive correlation between TAS and MMP-2, TAS and MMP-9, and TAS and MMP-9/TIMP-1 and a negative correlation between TBARS and MMP-2 in diabetic MS subjects in the entire group. In MS subjects a prooxidant status and increased levels of gelatinases and their inhibitors are evident although the correlations between oxidative stress and MMPs or TIMPs are controversial and need further investigation.
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Stocks J, Hislop A, Sonnappa S. Early lung development: lifelong effect on respiratory health and disease. THE LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2013; 1:728-42. [PMID: 24429276 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(13)70118-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Interest in the contribution of changes in lung development during early life to subsequent respiratory morbidity is increasing. Most evidence of an association between adverse intrauterine factors and structural effects on the developing lung is from animal studies. Such evidence has been augmented by epidemiological studies showing associations between insults to the developing lung during prenatal and early postnatal life and adult respiratory morbidity or reduced lung function, and by physiological studies that have elucidated mechanisms underlying these associations. The true effect of early insults on subsequent respiratory morbidity can be understood only if the many prenatal and postnatal factors that can affect lung development are taken into account. Adverse factors affecting lung development during fetal life and early childhood reduce the attainment of maximum lung function and accelerate lung function decline in adulthood, initiating or worsening morbidity in susceptible individuals. In this Review, we focus on factors that adversely affect lung development in utero and during the first 5 years after birth, thereby predisposing individuals to reduced lung function and increased respiratory morbidity throughout life. We focus particularly on asthma and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Stocks
- University College London, Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
| | - Alison Hislop
- University College London, Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Samatha Sonnappa
- University College London, Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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Stocks J, Sonnappa S. Early life influences on the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2013; 7:161-73. [PMID: 23439689 PMCID: PMC4107852 DOI: 10.1177/1753465813479428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not simply a disease of old age that is largely restricted to heavy smokers, but may be associated with insults to the developing lung during foetal life and the first few years of postnatal life, when lung growth and development are rapid. A better understanding of the long-term effects of early life factors, such as intrauterine growth restriction, prenatal and postnatal exposure to tobacco smoke and other pollutants, preterm delivery and childhood respiratory illnesses, on the subsequent development of chronic respiratory disease is imperative if appropriate preventive and management strategies to reduce the burden of COPD are to be developed. The extent to which insults to the developing lung are associated with increased risk of COPD in later life depends on the underlying cause, timing and severity of such derangements. Suboptimal conditions in utero result in aberrations of lung development such that affected individuals are born with reduced lung function, which tends to remain diminished throughout life, thereby increasing the risk both of wheezing disorders during childhood and subsequent COPD in genetically susceptible individuals. If the current trend towards the ever-increasing incidence of COPD is to be reversed, it is essential to minimize risks to the developing lung by improvements in antenatal and neonatal care, and to reduce prenatal and postnatal exposures to environmental pollutants, including passive tobacco smoke. Furthermore, adult physicians need to recognize that lung disease is potentially associated with early life insults and provide better education regarding diet, exercise and avoidance of smoking to preserve precious reserves of lung function in susceptible adults. This review focuses on factors that adversely influence lung development in utero and during the first 5 years of life, thereby predisposing to subsequent COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Stocks
- Portex Unit, University College London Institute of Child Health, 30, Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
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