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Zhu X, Ding G, Ren S, Xi J, Liu K. The bioavailability, absorption, metabolism, and regulation of glucolipid metabolism disorders by quercetin and its important glycosides: A review. Food Chem 2024; 458:140262. [PMID: 38944925 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Quercetin and its glycosides (QG), vitally natural flavonoid, have been popular for health benefits. However, the absorption and metabolism affect their bioavailability, and the metabolic transformation alters their biological activities. This review systematically summarizes the bioavailability and pathways for the absorption and metabolism of quercetin/QG in vivo and in vitro, the biological activities and mechanism of quercetin/QG and their metabolites in treating glucolipid metabolism are discussed. After oral administration, quercetin/QG are mainly absorbed by the intestine, undergo phase II metabolism in the small intestine and liver to form conjugates and are metabolized into small phenolic acids by intestinal microbiota. Quercetin/QG and their metabolites exert beneficial effects on regulating glucolipid metabolism disorders, including improving insulin resistance, inhibiting lipogenesis, enhancing thermogenesis, modulating intestinal microbiota, relieving oxidative stress, and attenuating inflammation. This review enhances understanding of the mechanism of quercetin/QG regulate glucolipid metabolism and provides scientific support for the development of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoai Zhu
- Food Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Pigment Preparation, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Guiyuan Ding
- Food Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Pigment Preparation, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Shuncheng Ren
- Food Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Pigment Preparation, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Jun Xi
- Food Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Pigment Preparation, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Kunlun Liu
- Food Engineering Technology Research Center/Key Laboratory of Henan Province, Henan Key Laboratory of Natural Pigment Preparation, College of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
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2
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Ayipo YO, Chong CF, Abdulameed HT, Mordi MN. Bioactive alkaloidal and phenolic phytochemicals as promising epidrugs for diabetes mellitus 2: A review of recent development. Fitoterapia 2024; 175:105922. [PMID: 38552806 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains a major chronic metabolic disorder affecting hundreds of millions of the global population, mostly among adults, engendering high rates of morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by complex aetiologies including insulin deficiency and resistance, and hyperglycemia, and these significantly constitute therapeutic challenges. Several pathways have been implicated in its pathophysiology and treatment including the epigenetic regulatory mechanism, notably, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation/demethylation, histone modification, non-coding ribonucleic acid (ncRNA) modulation and other relevant pathways. Many studies have recently documented the implications of phytochemicals on the aforementioned biomarkers in the pathogenesis and treatment of T2D. In this review, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the epigenetic effects of some bioactive alkaloidal and phenolic phytochemicals as potential therapeutic alternatives for T2D have been overviewed from the recent literature (2019-2024). From the survey, the natural product-based compounds, C1-C32 were curated as potent epigenetic modulators for T2D. Their cellular and molecular mechanisms of anti-T2D activities with relevant epigenetic biomarkers were revealed. Although, more comprehensive experimental analyses are observably required for validating their activity and toxicological indices. Thus, perspectives and challenges were enumerated for such demanding future translational studies. The review reveals advances in scientific efforts towards reversing the global trend of T2D through epigenetic phytotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Oloruntoyin Ayipo
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Kwara State University, P. M. B., 1530, Malete, Ilorin, Nigeria; Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
| | - Chien Fung Chong
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Hassan Taiye Abdulameed
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; Department of Biochemistry, Kwara State University, P. M. B., 1530, Malete, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Mohd Nizam Mordi
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Sivri D, Gezmen-Karadağ M. Effects of Phytochemicals on Type 2 Diabetes via MicroRNAs. Curr Nutr Rep 2024:10.1007/s13668-024-00549-5. [PMID: 38805166 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-024-00549-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Type 2 diabetes, characterized by inadequate insulin secretion and resistance, is increasingly prevalent. To effectively manage type 2 diabetes, identifying new therapeutic targets is crucial. MicroRNAs, short noncoding RNA molecules, play a pivotal role in regulating β-cell function, insulin production, and resistance, and show promise as biomarkers for predicting type 2 diabetes onset. Phytochemicals, known for their antioxidant activities, may influence microRNA expression, potentially improving insulin sensitivity and mitigating associated complications. This review aims to explore the significance of microRNA in type 2 diabetes, their potential as biomarkers, and how certain phytochemicals may modulate microRNA expressions to reduce or prevent diabetes and its complications. RECENT FINDINGS Current research suggests that microRNAs show promise as novel therapeutic biomarkers for diagnosing type 2 diabetes and monitoring diabetic complications. Additionally, phytochemicals may regulate microRNAs to control type 2 diabetes, presenting a potential therapeutic strategy. The multifactorial effects of phytochemicals on type 2 diabetes and its complications through microRNAs warrant further research to elucidate their mechanisms. Comprehensive clinical trials are needed to assess the safety and efficacy of phytochemicals and their combinations. Given their ability to modulate microRNAs expression, incorporating phytochemical-rich foods into the diet may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Sivri
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetic, Faculty of Health Science, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey.
| | - Makbule Gezmen-Karadağ
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetic, Faculty of Health Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Bouyahya A, Balahbib A, Khalid A, Makeen HA, Alhazmi HA, Albratty M, Hermansyah A, Ming LC, Goh KW, El Omari N. Clinical applications and mechanism insights of natural flavonoids against type 2 diabetes mellitus. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29718. [PMID: 38694079 PMCID: PMC11061711 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a complex disease that affects a large percentage of the world's population, and it is associated with several risk factors. Self-management poses a significant challenge, but natural sources have shown great potential in providing effective glucose reducing solutions. Flavonoids, a class of bioactive substances found in different natural sources including medicinal plants, have emerged as promising candidates in this regard. Indeed, several flavonoids, including apigenin, arbutin, catechins, and cyanidin, have demonstrated remarkable anti-diabetic properties. The clinical effectiveness of these flavonoids is linked to their potential to decrease blood glucose concentration and increase insulin concentration. Thus, the regulation of certain metabolic pathways such as glycolysis and neoglycogenesis has also been demonstrated. In vitro and in vivo investigations revealed different mechanisms of action related to flavonoid compounds at subcellular, cellular, and molecular levels. The main actions reside in the activation of glycolytic signaling pathways and the inhibition of signaling that promotes glucose synthesis and storage. In this review, we highlight the clinical efficiency of natural flavonoids as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying this effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, Morocco
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, 60115 Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Abdelaali Balahbib
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Errachidia, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box: 2424, Khartoum-11111, Sudan
| | - Hafiz A. Makeen
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A. Alhazmi
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Postal Code 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Albratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, Postal Code 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andi Hermansyah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, 60115 Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, 60115 Surabaya, Indonesia
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City 47500, Malaysia
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- High Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques of Tetouan, Tetouan, Morocco
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Zhang L, Kang Q, Kang M, Jiang S, Yang F, Gong J, Ou G, Wang S. Regulation of main ncRNAs by polyphenols: A novel anticancer therapeutic approach. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155072. [PMID: 37714063 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant polyphenols have shown promising applications in oncotherapy. Increasing evidence reveals that polyphenols possess the antitumor potential for multiple cancers. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly including small ncRNAs (microRNA) and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), play critical roles in cancer initiation and progression. PURPOSE To establish the modulation of ncRNAs by polyphenols as a novel and promising approach in anticancer treatment. STUDY DESIGN The present research employed ncRNA, miRNA, lncRNA, and regulatory mechanism as keywords to retrieve the literature from PubMed, Web of Science, Science direct, and Google Scholar, in a 20-year period from 2003 to 2023. This study critically reviewed the current literature and presented the regulation of prominent ncRNAs by polyphenols. A comprehensive total of 169 papers were retrieved on polyphenols and their related ncRNAs in cancers. RESULTS NcRNAs, mainly including miRNA and lncRNA, play critical roles in cancer initiation and progression, which are potential modulatory targets of bioactive polyphenols, such as resveratrol, genistein, curcumin, EGCG, quercetin, in cancer management. The mechanism involved in polyphenol-mediated ncRNA regulation includes epigenetic and transcriptional modification, and post-transcriptional processing. CONCLUSION Regulatory ncRNAs are potential therapeutic targets of bioactive polyphenols, and these phytochemicals could modulate the level of these ncRNAs directly and indirectly. A better comprehension of the ncRNA regulation by polyphenols in cancers, their functional outcomes on tumor pathophysiology and regulatory molecular mechanisms, may be helpful to develop effective strategies to fight the devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Hubei Superior Discipline Group of Exercise and Brain Science from Hubei Provincial, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qingzheng Kang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China
| | | | - Suwei Jiang
- School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Feng Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518103, China
| | - Jun Gong
- Central Laboratory, Yunfu People's Hospital, Yunfu 527399, China
| | - Gaozhi Ou
- School of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Song Wang
- Hubei Superior Discipline Group of Exercise and Brain Science from Hubei Provincial, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China.
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Han S, Luo Y, Liu B, Guo T, Qin D, Luo F. Dietary flavonoids prevent diabetes through epigenetic regulation: advance and challenge. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:11925-11941. [PMID: 35816298 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2097637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of diabetes has been studied extensively in various countries, but effective prevention and treatment methods are still insufficient. In recent years, epigenetics has received increasing attention from researchers in exploring the etiology and treatment of diabetes. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs play critical roles in the occurrence, maintenance, and progression of diabetes and its complications. Therefore, preventing or reversing the epigenetic alterations that occur during the development of diabetes may reduce the individual and societal burden of the disease. Dietary flavonoids serve as natural epigenetic modulators for the discovery of biomarkers for diabetes prevention and the development of alternative therapies. However, there is limited knowledge about the potential beneficial effects of flavonoids on the epigenetics of diabetes. In this review, the multidimensional epigenetic effects of different flavonoid subtypes in diabetes were summarized. Furthermore, it was discussed that parental flavonoid diets might reduce diabetes incidence in offspring, which represent a promising opportunity to prevent diabetes in the future. Future work will depend on exploring anti-diabetic effects of different flavonoids with different epigenetic regulation mechanisms and clinical trials.Highlights• "Epigenetic therapy" could reduce the burden of diabetic patients• "Epigenetic diet" ameliorates diabetes• Targeting epigenetic regulations by dietary flavonoids in the diabetes prevention• Dietary flavonoids prevent diabetes via transgenerational epigenetic inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Han
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, National Research Center of Rice Deep Processing and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Clinic Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Central South Food Science Institute of Grain and Oil Co., Ltd., Hunan Grain Group Co., Ltd, Changsha, China
| | - Tianyi Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, National Research Center of Rice Deep Processing and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Dandan Qin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, National Research Center of Rice Deep Processing and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, National Research Center of Rice Deep Processing and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
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Afsharmanesh MR, Mohammadi Z, Mansourian AR, Jafari SM. A Review of micro RNAs changes in T2DM in animals and humans. J Diabetes 2023; 15:649-664. [PMID: 37329278 PMCID: PMC10415875 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its associated complications have become a crucial public health concern in the world. According to the literature, chronic inflammation and the progression of T2DM have a close relationship. Accumulated evidence suggests that inflammation enhances the insulin secretion lost by islets of Langerhans and the resistance of target tissues to insulin action, which are two critical features in T2DM development. Based on recently highlighted research that plasma concentration of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 are elevated in insulin-resistant and T2DM, and it raises novel question marks about the processes causing inflammation in both situations. Over the past few decades, microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of short, noncoding RNA molecules, have been discovered to be involved in the regulation of inflammation, insulin resistance, and T2DM pathology. These noncoding RNAs are specifically comprised of RNA-induced silencing complexes and regulate the expression of specific protein-coding genes through various mechanisms. There is extending evidence that describes the expression profile of a special class of miRNA molecules altered during T2DM development. These modifications can be observed as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of T2DM and related diseases. In this review study, after reviewing the possible mechanisms involved in T2DM pathophysiology, we update recent information on the miRNA roles in T2DM, inflammation, and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Afsharmanesh
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Zeinab Mohammadi
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Azad Reza Mansourian
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Seyyed Mehdi Jafari
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
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James A, Wang K, Wang Y. Therapeutic Activity of Green Tea Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate on Metabolic Diseases and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases: The Current Updates. Nutrients 2023; 15:3022. [PMID: 37447347 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Green tea polyphenols have numerous functions including antioxidation and modulation of various cellular proteins and are thus beneficial against metabolic diseases including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, and their comorbidities. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant polyphenol in green tea and is attributed to antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities, and the likelihood of targeting multiple metabolic pathways. It has been shown to exhibit anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-arteriosclerotic, and weight-reducing effects in humans. Worldwide, the incidences of metabolic diseases have been escalating across all age groups in modern society. Therefore, EGCG is being increasingly investigated to address the problems. This review presents the current updates on the effects of EGCG on metabolic diseases, and highlights evidence related to its safety. Collectively, this review brings more evidence for therapeutic application and further studies on EGCG and its derivatives to alleviate metabolic diseases and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armachius James
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Tanzania Agricultural Research Institute (TARI), Makutupora Center, Dodoma P.O. Box 1676, Tanzania
| | - Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Rizhao Huawei Institute of Comprehensive Health Industries, Shandong Keepfit Biotech. Co., Ltd., Rizhao 276800, China
| | - Yousheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
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Chen H, Han X, Fu Y, Dai H, Wang H, Ma L, Zhang Y. Compartmentalized chitooligosaccharide/ferritin particles for controlled co-encapsulation of curcumin and rutin. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 290:119484. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Chen J, Yang S, Li P, Wu A, Nepovimova E, Long M, Wu W, Kuca K. MicroRNA regulates the toxicological mechanism of four mycotoxins in vivo and in vitro. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:37. [PMID: 35197116 PMCID: PMC8867758 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00653-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins can cause body poisoning and induce carcinogenesis, often with a high mortality rate. Therefore, it is of great significance to seek new targets that indicate mycotoxin activity and to diagnose and intervene in mycotoxin-induced diseases in their early stages. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are physiological regulators whose dysregulation is closely related to the development of diseases. They are thus important markers for the occurrence and development of diseases. In this review, consideration is given to the toxicological mechanisms associated with four major mycotoxins (ochratoxin A, aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone). The roles that miRNAs play in these mechanisms and the interactions between them and their target genes are explained, and summarize the important role of histone modifications in their toxicity. As a result, the ways that miRNAs are regulated in the pathogenicity signaling pathways are revealed which highlights the roles played by miRNAs in preventing and controlling the harmful effects of the mycotoxins. It is hoped that this review will provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of the damage caused by these mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Aibo Wu
- SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Miao Long
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Wenda Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic. .,MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic. .,Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic.
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García-Díez E, López-Oliva ME, Caro-Vadillo A, Pérez-Vizcaíno F, Pérez-Jiménez J, Ramos S, Martín MÁ. Supplementation with a Cocoa-Carob Blend, Alone or in Combination with Metformin, Attenuates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy, Cardiac Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Zucker Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020432. [PMID: 35204314 PMCID: PMC8869324 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the main causes of mortality among diabetic patients, with oxidative stress and inflammation major contributors to its development. Dietary flavonoids show strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, although their potential additive outcomes in combination with antidiabetic drugs have been scarcely explored. The present study investigates the cardioprotective effects of a cocoa–carob blend (CCB) diet, rich in flavonoids, alone or in combination with metformin, in the development of DCM. Zucker diabetic fatty rats (ZDF) were fed with a CCB rich-diet or a control diet, with or without metformin for 12 weeks. Glucose homeostasis, cardiac structure and function, and oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers were analysed. CCB improved glucose homeostasis, and mitigated cardiac dysfunction, hypertrophy, and fibrosis in ZDF rats. Mechanistically, CCB counteracted oxidative stress in diabetic hearts by down-regulating NADPH oxidases, reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and modulating the sirtuin-1 (SIRT1)/ nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway, overall improving antioxidant defence. Moreover, CCB suppressed inflammatory and fibrotic reactions by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) and pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines. Noteworthy, several of these effects were further improved in combination with metformin. Our results demonstrate that CCB strongly prevents the cardiac remodelling and dysfunction observed in diabetic animals, highlighting its potential, alone or in adjuvant therapy, for treating DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther García-Díez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-D.); (J.P.-J.); (S.R.)
| | - María Elvira López-Oliva
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alicia Caro-Vadillo
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Francisco Pérez-Vizcaíno
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), 28007 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jara Pérez-Jiménez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-D.); (J.P.-J.); (S.R.)
| | - Sonia Ramos
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-D.); (J.P.-J.); (S.R.)
| | - María Ángeles Martín
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-D.); (J.P.-J.); (S.R.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Juchnicka I, Kuźmicki M, Niemira M, Bielska A, Sidorkiewicz I, Zbucka-Krętowska M, Krętowski AJ, Szamatowicz J. miRNAs as Predictive Factors in Early Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:839344. [PMID: 35340328 PMCID: PMC8948421 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.839344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Circulating miRNAs are important mediators in epigenetic changes. These non-coding molecules regulate post-transcriptional gene expression by binding to mRNA. As a result, they influence the development of many diseases, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Therefore, this study investigates the changes in the miRNA profile in GDM patients before hyperglycemia appears. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study group consisted of 24 patients with GDM, and the control group was 24 normoglycemic pregnant women who were matched for body mass index (BMI), age, and gestational age. GDM was diagnosed with an oral glucose tolerance test between the 24th and 26th weeks of pregnancy. The study had a prospective design, and serum for analysis was obtained in the first trimester of pregnancy. Circulating miRNAs were measured using the NanoString quantitative assay platform. Validation with real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed on the same group of patients. Mann-Whitney U-test and Spearman correlation were done to assess the significance of the results. RESULTS Among the 800 miRNAs, 221 miRNAs were not detected, and 439 were close to background noise. The remaining miRNAs were carefully investigated for their average counts, fold changes, p-values, and false discovery rate (FDR) scores. We selected four miRNAs for further validation: miR-16-5p, miR-142-3p, miR-144-3p, and miR-320e, which showed the most prominent changes between the studied groups. The validation showed up-regulation of miR-16-5p (p<0.0001), miR-142-3p (p=0.001), and miR-144-3p (p=0.003). CONCLUSION We present changes in miRNA profile in the serum of GDM women, which may indicate significance in the pathophysiology of GDM. These findings emphasize the role of miRNAs as a predictive factor that could potentially be useful in early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Juchnicka
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kuźmicki
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
- *Correspondence: Mariusz Kuźmicki,
| | - Magdalena Niemira
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bielska
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Iwona Sidorkiewicz
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Zbucka-Krętowska
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Adolescent Gynecology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Jacek Szamatowicz
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Mahmoud MF, Abdelaal S, Mohammed HO, El-Shazly AM, Daoud R, Abdelfattah MAO, Sobeh M. Syzygium aqueum (Burm.f.) Alston Prevents Streptozotocin-Induced Pancreatic Beta Cells Damage via the TLR-4 Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:769244. [PMID: 34912223 PMCID: PMC8667316 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.769244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although several treatments are available for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, adverse effects and cost burden impose the search for safe, efficient, and cost-effective alternative herbal remedies. Syzygium aqueum (Burm.f.) Alston, a natural anti-inflammatory, antioxidant herb, may suppress diabetes-associated inflammation and pancreatic beta-cell death. Here, we tested the ability of the bioactive leaf extract (SA) to prevent streptozotocin (STZ)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in pancreatic beta cells in rats and the involvement of the TLR-4 signaling pathway. Non-fasted rats pretreated with 100 or 200 mg kg-1 SA 2 days prior to the STZ challenge and for 14 days later had up to 52 and 39% reduction in the glucose levels, respectively, while glibenclamide, the reference standard drug (0.5 mg kg-1), results in 70% reduction. Treatment with SA extract was accompanied by increased insulin secretion, restoration of Langerhans islets morphology, and decreased collagen deposition as demonstrated from ELISA measurement, H and E, and Mallory staining. Both glibenclamide and SA extract significantly decreased levels of TLR-4, MYD88, pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, and TRAF-6 in pancreatic tissue homogenates, which correlated well with minimal pancreatic inflammatory cell infiltration. Pre-treatment with SA or glibenclamide decreased malondialdehyde, a sensitive biomarker of ROS-induced lipid peroxidation, and restored depleted reduced glutathione in the pancreas. Altogether, these data indicate that S. aqueum is effective in improving STZ-induced pancreatic damage, which could be beneficial in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona F. Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Abdelaal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Heba Osama Mohammed
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Assem M. El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rachid Daoud
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | | | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco
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