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Hao1 Is Not a Pathogenic Factor for Ectopic Ossifications but Functions to Regulate the TCA Cycle In Vivo. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12010082. [PMID: 35050204 PMCID: PMC8780519 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), a disease characterized by the ectopic ossification of a spinal ligament, promotes neurological disorders associated with spinal canal stenosis. While blocking ectopic ossification is mandatory to prevent OPLL development and progression, the mechanisms underlying the condition remain unknown. Here we show that expression of hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (Hao1), a gene identified in a previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) as an OPLL-associated candidate gene, specifically and significantly decreased in fibroblasts during osteoblast differentiation. We then newly established Hao1-deficient mice by generating Hao1-flox mice and crossing them with CAG-Cre mice to yield global Hao1-knockout (CAG-Cre/Hao1flox/flox; Hao1 KO) animals. Hao1 KO mice were born normally and exhibited no obvious phenotypes, including growth retardation. Moreover, Hao1 KO mice did not exhibit ectopic ossification or calcification. However, urinary levels of some metabolites of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle were significantly lower in Hao1 KO compared to control mice based on comprehensive metabolomic analysis. Our data indicate that Hao1 loss does not promote ectopic ossification, but rather that Hao1 functions to regulate the TCA cycle in vivo.
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Yokoyama A, Hasegawa T, Hiraga T, Yamada T, Hongo H, Yamamoto T, Abe M, Yoshida T, Imanishi Y, Kuroshima S, Sasaki M, de Fraitas PHL, Li M, Amizuka N, Yamazaki Y. Altered immunolocalization of FGF23 in murine femora metastasized with human breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells. J Bone Miner Metab 2021; 39:810-823. [PMID: 33834310 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-021-01220-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION After the onset of bone metastasis, tumor cells appear to modify surrounding microenvironments for their benefit, and particularly, the levels of circulating fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 23 in patients with tumors have been highlighted. MATERIALS AND METHODS We have attempted to verify if human breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells metastasized in the long bone of nu/nu mice would synthesize FGF23. Serum concentrations of calcium, phosphate (Pi) and FGF23 were measured in control nu/nu mice, bone-metastasized mice, and mice with mammary gland injected with MDA-MB-231 cells mimicking primary mammary tumors. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS MDA-MB-231 cells revealed intense FGF23 reactivity in metastasized lesions, whereas MDA-MB-231 cells cultured in vitro or when injected into the mammary glands (without bone metastasis) showed weak FGF23 immunoreactivity. Although the bone-metastasized MDA-MB-231 cells abundantly synthesized FGF23, osteocytes adjacent to the FGF23-immunopositive tumors, unlike intact osteocytes, showed no FGF23. Despite significantly elevated serum FGF23 levels in bone-metastasized mice, there was no significant decrease in the serum Pi concentration when compared with the intact mice and mice with a mass of MDA-MB-231 cells in mammary glands. The metastasized femora showed increased expression and FGFR1 immunoreactivity in fibroblastic stromal cells, whereas femora of control mice showed no obvious FGFR1 immunoreactivity. Taken together, it seems likely that MDA-MB-231 cells synthesize FGF23 when metastasized to a bone, and thus affect FGFR1-positive stromal cells in the metastasized tumor nest in a paracrine manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Yokoyama
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine and Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-13, Nishi-7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Japan
- Gerodontology, Graduate School of Dental Medicine and Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoka Hasegawa
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine and Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-13, Nishi-7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Toru Hiraga
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Tamaki Yamada
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School of Dental Medicine and Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Hongo
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine and Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-13, Nishi-7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomomaya Yamamoto
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine and Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-13, Nishi-7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Japan
- Northern Army Medical Unit, Camp Makomanai, Japan Ground Self-Defense Forces,, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Miki Abe
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine and Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-13, Nishi-7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Taiji Yoshida
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine and Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-13, Nishi-7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Imanishi
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kuroshima
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Unit of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Muneteru Sasaki
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Unit of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Minqi Li
- Division of Basic Science of Stomatology, The School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Norio Amizuka
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Dental Medicine and Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-13, Nishi-7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamazaki
- Gerodontology, Graduate School of Dental Medicine and Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Hongo H, Hasegawa T, Saito M, Tsuboi K, Yamamoto T, Sasaki M, Abe M, Henrique Luiz de Freitas P, Yurimoto H, Udagawa N, Li M, Amizuka N. Osteocytic Osteolysis in PTH-treated Wild-type and Rankl-/- Mice Examined by Transmission Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, and Isotope Microscopy. J Histochem Cytochem 2020; 68:651-668. [PMID: 32942927 DOI: 10.1369/0022155420961375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To demonstrate the ultrastructure of osteocytic osteolysis and clarify whether osteocytic osteolysis occurs independently of osteoclastic activities, we examined osteocytes and their lacunae in the femora and tibiae of 11-week-old male wild-type and Rankl-/- mice after injection of human parathyroid hormone (PTH) [1-34] (80 µg/kg/dose). Serum calcium concentration rose temporarily 1 hr after PTH administration in wild-type and Rankl-/- mice, when renal arteries and veins were ligated. After 6 hr, enlargement of osteocytic lacunae was evident in the cortical bones of wild-type and Rankl-/- mice, but not so in their metaphyses. Von Kossa staining and transmission electron microscopy showed broadly demineralized bone matrix peripheral to enlarged osteocytic lacunae, which contained fragmented collagen fibrils and islets of mineralized matrices. Nano-indentation by atomic force microscopy revealed the reduced elastic modulus of the PTH-treated osteocytic perilacunar matrix, despite the microscopic verification of mineralized matrix in that region. In addition, 44Ca deposition was detected by isotope microscopy and calcein labeling in the eroded osteocytic lacunae of wild-type and Rankl-/- mice. Taken together, our findings suggest that osteocytes can erode the bone matrix around them and deposit minerals on their lacunar walls independently of osteoclastic activity, at least in the murine cortical bone. (J Histochem Cytochem 68: -XXX, 2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Hongo
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoka Hasegawa
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masami Saito
- Bruker Japan K.K., Nano Surfaces & Metrology Division, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanako Tsuboi
- Dental Surgery, Haibara General Hospital, Makinohara, Japan
| | - Tomomaya Yamamoto
- Department of Dentistry, Japan Ground Self Defense Force Camp Asaka, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Muneteru Sasaki
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Medical and Dental Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Miki Abe
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Hisayoshi Yurimoto
- Isotope Imaging Laboratory, Creative Research Institution, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Udagawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan
| | - Minqi Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Norio Amizuka
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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KHADIZA N, HASEGAWA T, NAGAI T, YAMAMOTO T, MIYAMOTO- TAKASAKI Y, HONGO H, ABE M, HARAGUCHI M, YAMAMOTO T, YIMIN, QIU Z, SASAKI M, KUROSHIMA S, OHSHIMA H, FREITAS PHLD, LI M, YAWAKA Y, AMIZUKA N. Immunolocalization of podoplanin/E11/gp38, CD44, and endomucin in the odontoblastic cell layer of murine tooth germs. Biomed Res 2019; 40:133-143. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.40.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naznin KHADIZA
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue
- Dentistry for Children and Disabled Person
| | | | - Tomoya NAGAI
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue
- Oral Functional Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Dental Medicine and Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | | | | | | | - Miki ABE
- Developmental Biology of Hard Tissue
- Oral Functional Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Dental Medicine and Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | | | | | - YIMIN
- Central Research Institute, Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | | | - Muneteru SASAKI
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Unit of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Shinichiro KUROSHIMA
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Unit of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Hayato OHSHIMA
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of Hard Tissue, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University
| | | | - Minqi LI
- Division of Basic Science of Stomatology, The School of Stomatology, Shandong University
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Mencke R, Hillebrands JL. The role of the anti-ageing protein Klotho in vascular physiology and pathophysiology. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 35:124-146. [PMID: 27693241 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Klotho is an anti-ageing protein that functions in many pathways that govern ageing, like regulation of phosphate homeostasis, insulin signaling, and Wnt signaling. Klotho expression levels and levels in blood decline during ageing. The vascular phenotype of Klotho deficiency features medial calcification, intima hyperplasia, endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffening, hypertension, and impaired angiogenesis and vasculogenesis, with characteristics similar to aged human arteries. Klotho-deficient phenotypes can be prevented and rescued by Klotho gene expression or protein supplementation. High phosphate levels are likely to be directly pathogenic and are a prerequisite for medial calcification, but more important determinants are pathways that regulate cellular senescence, suggesting that deficiency of Klotho renders cells susceptible to phosphate toxicity. Overexpression of Klotho is shown to ameliorate medial calcification, endothelial dysfunction, and hypertension. Endogenous vascular Klotho expression is a controversial subject and, currently, no compelling evidence exists that supports the existence of vascular membrane-bound Klotho expression, as expressed in kidney. In vitro, Klotho has been shown to decrease oxidative stress and apoptosis in both SMCs and ECs, to reduce SMC calcification, to maintain the contractile SMC phenotype, and to prevent μ-calpain overactivation in ECs. Klotho has many protective effects with regard to the vasculature and constitutes a very promising therapeutic target. The purpose of this review is to explore the etiology of the vascular phenotype of Klotho deficiency and the therapeutic potential of Klotho in vascular disease.
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