1
|
Tang J, Luo Y, Wang Q, Wu J, Wei Y. Stimuli-Responsive Delivery Systems for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:4735-4757. [PMID: 38813390 PMCID: PMC11135562 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s463939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
As a major cause of low back pain, intervertebral disc degeneration is an increasingly prevalent chronic disease worldwide that leads to huge annual financial losses. The intervertebral disc consists of the inner nucleus pulposus, outer annulus fibrosus, and sandwiched cartilage endplates. All these factors collectively participate in maintaining the structure and physiological functions of the disc. During the unavoidable degeneration stage, the degenerated discs are surrounded by a harsh microenvironment characterized by acidic, oxidative, inflammatory, and chaotic cytokine expression. Loss of stem cell markers, imbalance of the extracellular matrix, increase in inflammation, sensory hyperinnervation, and vascularization have been considered as the reasons for the progression of intervertebral disc degeneration. The current treatment approaches include conservative therapy and surgery, both of which have drawbacks. Novel stimuli-responsive delivery systems are more promising future therapeutic options than traditional treatments. By combining bioactive agents with specially designed hydrogels, scaffolds, microspheres, and nanoparticles, novel stimuli-responsive delivery systems can realize the targeted and sustained release of drugs, which can both reduce systematic adverse effects and maximize therapeutic efficacy. Trigger factors are categorized into internal (pH, reactive oxygen species, enzymes, etc.) and external stimuli (photo, ultrasound, magnetic, etc.) based on their intrinsic properties. This review systematically summarizes novel stimuli-responsive delivery systems for intervertebral disc degeneration, shedding new light on intervertebral disc therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinic School, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuexin Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinic School, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qirui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinic School, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juntao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
- First Clinic School, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulong Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang H, Zhang W, Cai Y, Guo Q, Pan L, Chu G, Chen J, Yuan Z, Li B. Moderate mechanical stimulation antagonizes inflammation of annulus fibrosus cells through YAP-mediated suppression of NF-κB signaling. J Orthop Res 2023; 41:2667-2684. [PMID: 37132373 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a leading cause of low back pain. The inflammatory responses caused by aberrant mechanical loading are one of the major factors leading to annulus fibrosus (AF) degeneration and IDD. Previous studies have suggested that moderate cyclic tensile strain (CTS) can regulate anti-inflammatory activities of AF cells (AFCs), and Yes-associated protein (YAP) as a mechanosensitive coactivator senses diverse types of biomechanical stimuli and translates them into biochemical signals controlling cell behaviors. However, it remains poorly understood whether and how YAP mediates the effect of mechanical stimuli on AFCs. In this study, we aimed to investigate the exact effects of different CTS on AFCs as well as the role of YAP signaling involving in it. Our results found that 5% CTS inhibited the inflammatory response and promoted cell growth through inhibiting the phosphorylation of YAP and nuclear localization of NF-κB, while 12% CTS had a significant proinflammatory effect with the inactivation of YAP activity and the activation of NF-κB signaling in AFCs. Furthermore, moderate mechanical stimulation may alleviate the inflammatory reaction of intervertebral discs through YAP-mediated suppression of NF-κB signaling in vivo. Therefore, moderate mechanical stimulation may serve as a promising therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of IDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, Nantong, China
| | - Yan Cai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
| | - Qianping Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
| | - Liangbin Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
| | - Genglei Chu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianquan Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhangqin Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Y, Liu C, Li Y, Xu H. Mechanism of the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway in the Process of Cartilage Endplate Stem Cell Degeneration Induced by Tension Load. Global Spine J 2023; 13:2396-2408. [PMID: 35400210 PMCID: PMC10538332 DOI: 10.1177/21925682221085226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Basic Research. OBJECTIVE Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is caused by the cartilage endplate (CEP). Cartilage endplate stem cell (CESC) is involved in the recovery of CEP degeneration. Tension load (TL) contributes a lot to the initiation and progression of IVDD. This study aims to investigate the regulatory mechanism of the Mitogen-activated protein kinases/Mammalian target of rapamycin (MAPK/mTOR) pathway during TL-induced CESC degeneration. METHODS CESCs were isolated from New Zealand big-eared white female rabbits (6 months old). FX-4000T cell stress loading system was applied to establish a TL-induced degeneration model of CESCs. Western blotting was used to detect the level of mTOR pathway-related proteins and autophagy markers LC3-Ⅱ, Beclin-1, and p62 in degenerative CESCs. The expression of MAPK pathway-related proteins JNK and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) in degenerated CESCs was inhibited by cell transfection to explore whether JNK and ERK play a regulatory role in TL-induced autophagy in CESCs. RESULTS In the CESC degeneration model, the mTOR pathway was activated. After inhibition of mTOR, the autophagy level of CESCs was increased, and the degeneration of CESCs was alleviated. The MAPK pathway was also activated in the CESC degeneration model. Inhibition of JNK expression may alleviate TL-induced CEP degeneration by inhibiting Raptor phosphorylation and activating autophagy. Inhibition of ERK expression may alleviate TL-induced CEP degeneration by inhibiting mTOR phosphorylation and activating autophagy. CONCLUSION Inhibition of JNK and ERK in the MAPK signaling family alleviated TL-induced CESC degeneration by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Raptor and mTOR in the mTOR pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Department of Spine Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, P.R. China
| | - Chen Liu
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Department of Spine Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, P.R. China
| | - Yu Li
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Department of Spine Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, P.R. China
| | - Hongguang Xu
- Spine Research Center of Wannan Medical College, Department of Spine Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tekari A, Marazza A, Crump K, Bermudez‐Lekerika P, Gantenbein B. Inhibition of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway reduces the inflammatory component in nucleus pulposus cells. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:2362-2371. [PMID: 35106811 PMCID: PMC9788225 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a spinal disorder that triggers an inflammatory response and subsequent development of spinal pseudoarthrosis. The aim of the present study is to elucidate the role of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway in inflammation-induced IVD cells. Inflammatory human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells (NPCs) were induced using tumor necrosis factor-α and the ERK pathway was blocked using a selective molecule-based inhibitor U0126. Gene expression of catabolic and anabolic markers, proinflammatory, and NPCs markers was investigated. The enzymatic activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)2/MMP9 was determined by gelatin zymography and nitrite production was assessed by Griess reaction. The NPC metabolic activity and viability were assessed using resazurin sodium-salt and live/dead assays, and subsequently, the specificity of U0126 on ERK1/2 signaling was determined. The catabolic enzyme MMP3 (p = 0.0001) and proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (p = 0.036) were downregulated by U0126 in NPCs under inflammatory conditions. A significant increase of the cytokeratin 19 (p = 0.0031) was observed, suggesting a partial and possible recovery of the NP phenotype. U0126 does not seem to have an effect on prostaglandin production, aggrecanases, or other anabolic genes. We confirmed that U0126 selectively blocks the ERK phosphorylation and only affects the cell metabolic activity without the reduction of viable cells. Inhibition of ERK signaling downregulates important metalloproteinases and proinflammatory cytokines, and upregulates some NP markers, suggesting its potential to treat IVD degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adel Tekari
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology, Bone and Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Medical FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Screening Processes, Centre of Biotechnology of SfaxUniversity of SfaxSfaxTunisia
| | - Alessandro Marazza
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology, Bone and Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Medical FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland,Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of MedicineTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Katherine Crump
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology, Bone and Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Medical FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University HospitalUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Paola Bermudez‐Lekerika
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology, Bone and Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Medical FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University HospitalUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Benjamin Gantenbein
- Tissue Engineering for Orthopaedics and Mechanobiology, Bone and Joint Program, Department for BioMedical Research (DBMR), Medical FacultyUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Inselspital, Bern University HospitalUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
McKinley JP, Montes AR, Wang MN, Kamath AR, Jimenez G, Lim J, Marathe SA, Mofrad MRK, O’Connell GD. Design of a flexing organ-chip to model in situ loading of the intervertebral disc. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2022; 16:054111. [PMID: 36330201 PMCID: PMC9625834 DOI: 10.1063/5.0103141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The leading cause of disability of all ages worldwide is severe lower back pain. To address this untreated epidemic, further investigation is needed into the leading cause of back pain, intervertebral disc degeneration. In particular, microphysiological systems modeling critical tissues in a degenerative disc, like the annulus fibrosus (AF), are needed to investigate the effects of complex multiaxial strains on AF cells. By replicating these mechanobiological effects unique to the AF that are not yet understood, we can advance therapies for early-stage degeneration at the cellular level. To this end, we designed, fabricated, and collected proof-of-concept data for a novel microphysiological device called the flexing annulus-on-a-chip (AoC). We used computational models and experimental measurements to characterize the device's ability to mimic complex physiologically relevant strains. As a result, these strains proved to be controllable, multi-directional, and uniformly distributed with magnitudes ranging from - 10 % to 12% in the axial, radial, and circumferential directions, which differ greatly from applied strains possible in uniaxial devices. Furthermore, after withstanding accelerated life testing (66 K cycles of 10% strain) and maintaining 2000 bovine AF cells without loading for more than three weeks the AoC proved capable of long-term cell culture. Additionally, after strain (3.5% strain for 75 cycles at 0.5 Hz) was applied to a monolayer of AF cells in the AoC, a population remained adhered to the channel with spread morphology. The AoC can also be tailored for other annular structures in the body such as cardiovascular vessels, lymphatic vessels, and the cervix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P. McKinley
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Andre R. Montes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Maple N. Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Anuya R. Kamath
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Gissell Jimenez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Jianhua Lim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Siddharth A. Marathe
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Mohammad R. K. Mofrad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Grace D. O’Connell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen CN, Chang HI, Yen CK, Liu WL, Huang KY. Mechanical Stretch Induced Osteogenesis on Human Annulus Fibrosus Cells through Upregulation of BMP-2/6 Heterodimer and Activation of P38 and SMAD1/5/8 Signaling Pathways. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162600. [PMID: 36010676 PMCID: PMC9406707 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is an important cause of low back pain. Repetitive tensile stress from the daily motion of the spine predisposes it to injury of the annulus fibrosus (AF) which causes IVD degeneration. This study aims to determine the causal relationship between mechanical stretch and osteogenesis in the AF cells of IVD as affected by bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), specifically BMP-2/6 heterodimers. Our results found that 15% tensile stress (high cyclic stretching, HCS) may induce the expression of osteogenesis-related markers (Runx2, osterix) by upregulating BMP-2/6 heterodimeric ligands and their receptors on the human AF cell line. HCS also induced transient phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and SMAD1/5/8. Neutralizing antibodies to the BMP-2/6 receptor (ALK3) blocked the expression of Runx2 and osterix, as well as the phosphorylation of p38 and SMAD1/5/8. In addition, treatment with a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) or siRNA to neutralize the effects of SMAD1/5/8 suppressed tensile stress-induced Runx2 and osterix expression. Mechanical stretching induces activation of p38 MAP kinase and SMAD1/5/8 signaling pathways, followed by the upregulation of BMP-2/6 heterodimer expression, thereby stimulating osteogenic Runx2 and osterix expression on AF cells. HCS may accelerate the progression of IVD degeneration by promoting an osteogenic response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Nan Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-I Chang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Kung Yen
- Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lung Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yuan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-6-235-3535 (ext. 5237); Fax: +886-6-2766189
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chang HI, Chen CN, Huang KY. Mechanical Stretch-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Expression on Human Annulus Fibrosus Cells Modulated by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147951. [PMID: 35887297 PMCID: PMC9323355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive mechanical loading is a major cause of spinal degeneration, typically originating from a tear in the annulus fibrosus (AF). Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome have been implicated in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. However, the causal relationship between the mechanical stretching of AF cells and the NLRP3 inflammasome response associated with ER stress remains scarce. To elucidate the pathogenesis and regulatory mechanisms of mechanical stretch-induced IVD degeneration, human AF cell lines were subjected to different degrees of cyclic stretching to simulate daily spinal movements. Our results indicated that 15% high cyclic stretch (HCS) induced the expression of NLRP3 and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and was also responsible for the increased expression of NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase 2 (NOX2) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human AF cells. In addition, HCS increased the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), an ER stress chaperone, which was neutralized with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), an ER stress inhibitor. In addition, HCS was found to induce thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which can be suppressed by si-NOX2 or the NOX2 inhibitor GSK2795039. Consequently, HCS upregulated ER stress and ROS production, leading to increased NLRP3 and IL-1β expression in human AF cells, and may further accelerate IVD degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-I Chang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan; (H.-I.C.); (C.-N.C.)
| | - Cheng-Nan Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan; (H.-I.C.); (C.-N.C.)
| | - Kuo-Yuan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-6-235-3535 (ext. 5237); Fax: +886-6-276-6189
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gonçalves RM, Saggese T, Yong Z, Ferreira JR, Ignatius A, Wilke HJ, Neidlinger-Wilke C, Teixeira GQ. Interleukin-1β More Than Mechanical Loading Induces a Degenerative Phenotype in Human Annulus Fibrosus Cells, Partially Impaired by Anti-Proteolytic Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:802789. [PMID: 35155408 PMCID: PMC8831733 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.802789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC)–based therapies for low back pain and intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration have been emerging, despite the poor knowledge of their full mechanism of action. As failure of the annulus fibrosus (AF) is often associated with IVD herniation and inflammation, the objective of the present study was to investigate the impact of the MSC secretome on human AF cells exposed to mechanical loading and a pro-inflammatory environment. Human AF cells isolated from IVD biopsies from patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) or disc degeneration (DD) were exposed to physiological cyclic tensile strain (CTS) for 72 h in a custom-made device, with or without interleukin (IL)-1β medium supplementation. AF cells stimulated with CTS + IL-1β were then treated with secretome from IL-1β–preconditioned MSCs for 48 h. AF cell metabolic activity, gene expression, protein secretion, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, and tissue inhibitor of MMPs (TIMP) concentration were evaluated. Expanded AF cells from AIS and DD patients revealed similar metabolic activity and gene expression profiles. CTS stimulation upregulated collagen type I (COL1A1) expression, while IL-1β significantly stimulated IL-6, IL-8, MMP-1, and MMP-3 gene expression and prostaglandin E2 production by AF cells but downregulated COL1A1. The combination of CTS + IL-1β had a similar outcome as IL-1β alone, accompanied by a significant upregulation of elastin. The MSC secretome did not show any immunomodulatory effect on CTS + IL-1β–stimulated AF cells but significantly decreased MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9, while increasing the production of TIMP-1. The obtained results demonstrate a stronger impact of the inflammatory milieu on human AF cells than upper physiologic mechanical stress. In addition, a new MSC mechanism of action in degenerated IVD consisting of the modulation of AF MMP activity was also evidenced, contributing to the advancement of knowledge in AF tissue metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel M. Gonçalves
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Trauma Research Centre, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação Em Saúde (i3S), Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Taryn Saggese
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Trauma Research Centre, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Zhiyao Yong
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Trauma Research Centre, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Joana R. Ferreira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação Em Saúde (i3S), Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB), Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Anita Ignatius
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Trauma Research Centre, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Wilke
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Trauma Research Centre, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Cornelia Neidlinger-Wilke
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Trauma Research Centre, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Graciosa Q. Teixeira
- Institute of Orthopaedic Research and Biomechanics, Trauma Research Centre, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- *Correspondence: Graciosa Q. Teixeira,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mainardi A, Cambria E, Occhetta P, Martin I, Barbero A, Schären S, Mehrkens A, Krupkova O. Intervertebral Disc-on-a-Chip as Advanced In Vitro Model for Mechanobiology Research and Drug Testing: A Review and Perspective. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:826867. [PMID: 35155416 PMCID: PMC8832503 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.826867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Discogenic back pain is one of the most diffused musculoskeletal pathologies and a hurdle to a good quality of life for millions of people. Existing therapeutic options are exclusively directed at reducing symptoms, not at targeting the underlying, still poorly understood, degenerative processes. Common intervertebral disc (IVD) disease models still do not fully replicate the course of degenerative IVD disease. Advanced disease models that incorporate mechanical loading are needed to investigate pathological causes and processes, as well as to identify therapeutic targets. Organs-on-chip (OoC) are microfluidic-based devices that aim at recapitulating tissue functions in vitro by introducing key features of the tissue microenvironment (e.g., 3D architecture, soluble signals and mechanical conditioning). In this review we analyze and depict existing OoC platforms used to investigate pathological alterations of IVD cells/tissues and discuss their benefits and limitations. Starting from the consideration that mechanobiology plays a pivotal role in both IVD homeostasis and degeneration, we then focus on OoC settings enabling to recapitulate physiological or aberrant mechanical loading, in conjunction with other relevant features (such as inflammation). Finally, we propose our view on design criteria for IVD-on-a-chip systems, offering a future perspective to model IVD mechanobiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mainardi
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Elena Cambria
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Paola Occhetta
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivan Martin
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Barbero
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Schären
- Spine Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arne Mehrkens
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Spine Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olga Krupkova
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Spine Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Lepage Research Institute, University of Prešov, Prešov, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wei Q, Wang S, Han F, Wang H, Zhang W, Yu Q, Liu C, Ding L, Wang J, Yu L, Zhu C, Li B, Bl, Cz, Cz, Cz, Qw, Sw, Fh, Hw, Wz, Qy, Cl, Ld, Jw, Ly, Cz, Qw. Cellular modulation by the mechanical cues from biomaterials for tissue engineering. BIOMATERIALS TRANSLATIONAL 2021; 2:323-342. [PMID: 35837415 PMCID: PMC9255801 DOI: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical cues from the extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment are known to be significant in modulating the fate of stem cells to guide developmental processes and maintain bodily homeostasis. Tissue engineering has provided a promising approach to the repair or regeneration of damaged tissues. Scaffolds are fundamental in cell-based regenerative therapies. Developing artificial ECM that mimics the mechanical properties of native ECM would greatly help to guide cell functions and thus promote tissue regeneration. In this review, we introduce various mechanical cues provided by the ECM including elasticity, viscoelasticity, topography, and external stimuli, and their effects on cell behaviours. Meanwhile, we discuss the underlying principles and strategies to develop natural or synthetic biomaterials with different mechanical properties for cellular modulation, and explore the mechanism by which the mechanical cues from biomaterials regulate cell function toward tissue regeneration. We also discuss the challenges in multimodal mechanical modulation of cell behaviours and the interplay between mechanical cues and other microenvironmental factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shenghao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qifan Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Changjiang Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Luguang Ding
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiayuan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lili Yu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Caihong Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China,Corresponding authors: Caihong Zhu, ; Bin Li,
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China,College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China,China Orthopaedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China,Corresponding authors: Caihong Zhu, ; Bin Li,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ding SL, Zhang TW, Zhang QC, Ding W, Li ZF, Han GJ, Bai JS, Li XL, Dong J, Wang HR, Jiang LB. Excessive mechanical strain accelerates intervertebral disc degeneration by disrupting intrinsic circadian rhythm. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1911-1923. [PMID: 34934193 PMCID: PMC8741925 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Night shift workers with disordered rhythmic mechanical loading are more prone to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Our results showed that circadian rhythm (CR) was dampened in degenerated and aged NP cells. Long-term environmental CR disruption promoted IDD in rats. Excessive mechanical strain disrupted the CR and inhibited the expression of core clock proteins. The inhibitory effect of mechanical loading on the expression of extracellular matrix genes could be reversed by BMAL1 overexpression in NP cells. The Rho/ROCK pathway was demonstrated to mediate the effect of mechanical stimulation on CR. Prolonged mechanical loading for 12 months affected intrinsic CR genes and induced IDD in a model of upright posture in a normal environment. Unexpectedly, mechanical loading further accelerated the IDD in an Light-Dark (LD) cycle-disrupted environment. These results indicated that intrinsic CR disruption might be a mechanism involved in overloading-induced IDD and a potential drug target for night shift workers. Working long shifts at times when the body should be at rest can have lasting effects on the intervertebral discs in the back, leading to chronic pain. Night shift workers are susceptible to developing certain health conditions because of chronic disruption to their circadian rhythms. Now, Li-Bo Jiang at Zhongshan Hospitial, Fudan University in Shanghai and co-workers across China have uncovered a link between circadian rhythm disruption and intervertebral disc degeneration. In experiments on human tissue samples and rat models, the team found that oscillation of the expression of clock-related genes and proteins was reduced in severely degenerated disc cells. Cellular clock mechanisms were disrupted in disc cells that had been repeatedly placed under mechanical strain at night. This disruption appears to influence degradation of the extracellular matrix, which the team believe may in turn accelerate disc degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Long Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Tai-Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi-Chen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 201100, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze-Fang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Qianjiang Central Hospital of Chongqing, 409000, Chongqing, China
| | - Guan-Jie Han
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Song Bai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Lei Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hui-Ren Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - Li-Bo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
He R, Wang Z, Cui M, Liu S, Wu W, Chen M, Wu Y, Qu Y, Lin H, Chen S, Wang B, Shao Z. HIF1A Alleviates compression-induced apoptosis of nucleus pulposus derived stem cells via upregulating autophagy. Autophagy 2021; 17:3338-3360. [PMID: 33455530 PMCID: PMC8632345 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1872227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is the primary pathological mechanism that underlies low back pain. Overloading-induced cell death, especially endogenous stem cell death, is the leading factor that undermines intrinsic repair and aggravates IDD. Previous research has separately studied the effect of oxygen concentration and mechanical loading in IDD. However, how these two factors synergistically influence endogenous repair remains unclear. Therefore, we established in vitro and in vivo models to study the mechanisms by which hypoxia interacted with overloading-induced cell death of the nucleus pulposus derived stem cells (NPSCs). We found the content of HIF1A (hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha) and the number of NPSCs decreased with disc degeneration in both rats and human discs. Hence, we isolated this subpopulation from rat discs and treated them simultaneously with hypoxia and excessive mechanical stress. Our results demonstrated that hypoxia exerted protective effect on NPSCs under compression, partially through elevating macroautophagy/autophagy. Proteomics and knockdown experiments further revealed HIF1A-BNIP3-ATG7 axis mediated the increase in autophagy flux, in which HMOX1 and SLC2A1 were also involved. Moreover, HIF1A-overexpressing NPSCs exhibited stronger resistance to over-loading induced apoptosis in vitro. They also showed higher survival rates, along with elevated autophagy after being intra-disc transplanted into over-loaded discs. Jointly, both in vivo and in vitro experiments proved the anti-apoptotic effect of HIF1A on NPSCs under the excessive mechanical loading, suggesting that restoring hypoxia and manipulating autophagy is crucial to maintain the intrinsic repair and to retard disc degeneration.Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; ACAN: aggrecan; ATG7: autophagy related 7; BafA1: bafilomycin A1; BAX: BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator; BECN1: beclin 1; BNIP3: BCL2 interacting protein 3; BNIP3L: BCL2 interacting protein 3 like; CASP3: caspase 3; CCK8: cell counting kit-8; CHT: chetomin; CMP: compression; CoCl2: cobalt chloride; COL2A1: collagen type II alpha 1 chain; Ctrl: control; DAPI: 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DEP: differentially expressed protein; DiR: 1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethyl indotricarbocyanine; ECM: extracellular matrix; FCM: flow cytometry; GD2: disialoganglioside GD 2; GFP: green fluorescent protein; GO: gene ontology; GSEA: gene set enrichment analysis; H&E: hematoxylin-eosin; HIF1A: hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha; HK2: hexokinase 2; HMOX1: heme oxygenase 1; HX: hypoxia mimicry; IDD: intervertebral disc degeneration; IF: immunofluorescence; IHC: immunohistochemistry; IVD: intervertebral disc; KEGG: kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes; LBP: low back pain; Lv: lentivirus; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MMP: mitochondrial membrane potential; NC: negative control; NIR: near-infrared; NP: nucleus pulposus; NPC: nucleus pulposus cell; NPSC: nucleus pulposus derived stem cell; NX: normoxia; PPI: protein-protein interactions; RFP: red fluorescent protein; SLC2A1/GLUT1: solute carrier family 2 member 1; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TEK/TIE2: TEK receptor tyrosine kinase; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TUBB: tubulin beta class I.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of Health Management, School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongchao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanji Qu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Baichuan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cambria E, Heusser S, Scheuren AC, Tam WK, Karol AA, Hitzl W, Leung VY, Müller R, Ferguson SJ, Wuertz‐Kozak K. TRPV4 mediates cell damage induced by hyperphysiological compression and regulates COX2/PGE2 in intervertebral discs. JOR Spine 2021; 4:e1149. [PMID: 34611585 PMCID: PMC8479521 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant mechanical loading of the spine causes intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and low back pain. Current therapies do not target the mediators of the underlying mechanosensing and mechanotransduction pathways, as these are poorly understood. This study investigated the role of the mechanosensitive transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) ion channel in dynamic compression of bovine nucleus pulposus (NP) cells in vitro and mouse IVDs in vivo. METHODS Degenerative changes and the expression of the inflammatory mediator cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) were examined histologically in the IVDs of mouse tails that were dynamically compressed at a short repetitive hyperphysiological regime (vs sham). Bovine NP cells embedded in an agarose-collagen hydrogel were dynamically compressed at a hyperphysiological regime in the presence or absence of the selective TRPV4 antagonist GSK2193874. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release, as well as phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), were analyzed. Degenerative changes and COX2 expression were further evaluated in the IVDs of trpv4-deficient mice (vs wild-type; WT). RESULTS Dynamic compression caused IVD degeneration in vivo as previously shown but did not affect COX2 expression. Dynamic compression significantly augmented LDH and PGE2 releases in vitro, which were significantly reduced by TRPV4 inhibition. Moreover, TRPV4 inhibition during dynamic compression increased the activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK) MAPK pathway by 3.13-fold compared to non-compressed samples. Trpv4-deficient mice displayed mild IVD degeneration and decreased COX2 expression compared to WT mice. CONCLUSIONS TRPV4 therefore regulates COX2/PGE2 and mediates cell damage induced by hyperphysiological dynamic compression, possibly via ERK. Targeted TRPV4 inhibition or knockdown might thus constitute promising therapeutic approaches to treat patients suffering from IVD pathologies caused by aberrant mechanical stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cambria
- Institute for BiomechanicsETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Sally Heusser
- Institute for BiomechanicsETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | | | - Wai Kit Tam
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
| | - Agnieszka A. Karol
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit (MSRU), Department of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease (DMMD), Vetsuisse FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Wolfgang Hitzl
- Research Office (Biostatistics)Paracelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Department of Ophthalmology and OptometryParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
- Research Program Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma ResearchParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburgAustria
| | - Victor Y. Leung
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong
| | - Ralph Müller
- Institute for BiomechanicsETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | | | - Karin Wuertz‐Kozak
- Institute for BiomechanicsETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringRochester Institute of TechnologyRochesterNew YorkUSA
- Spine Center, Schön Klinik München HarlachingAcademic Teaching Hospital and Spine Research Institute of the Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg (Austria)MunichGermany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Page MI, Linde PE, Puttlitz CM. High throughput computational evaluation of how scaffold architecture, material selection, and loading modality influence the cellular micromechanical environment in tissue engineering strategies. JOR Spine 2021; 4:e1152. [PMID: 34611587 PMCID: PMC8479525 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In tissue engineering (TE) strategies, cell processes are regulated by mechanical stimuli. Although TE scaffolds have been developed to replicate tissue-level mechanical properties, it is intractable to experimentally measure and prescribe the cellular micromechanical environment (CME) generated within these constructs. Accordingly, this study aimed to fill this lack of understanding by modeling the CME in TE scaffolds using the finite element method. METHODS A repeating unit of composite fiber scaffold for annulus fibrosus (AF) repair with a fibrin hydrogel matrix was prescribed a series of loading, material, and architectural parameters. The distribution of CME in the scaffold was predicted and compared to proposed target mechanics based on anabolic responses of AF cells. RESULTS The multi-axial loading modality predicted the greatest percentage of cell volumes falling within the CME target envelope (%PTE) in the study (65 %PTE for 5.0% equibiaxial tensile strain with 50 kPa radial-direction compression; 7.6 %PTE without radial pressure). Additionally, the architectural scale had a moderate influence on the CME (maximum of 17 %PTE), with minimal change in the tissue-level properties of the scaffold. Scaffold materials and architectures had secondary influences on the predicted regeneration by modifying the tissue-level scaffold mechanics. CONCLUSIONS Scaffold loading modality was identified as the critical factor for TE the AF. Scaffold materials and architecture were also predicted to modulate the scaffold loading and, therefore, control the CME indirectly. This study facilitated an improved understanding of the relationship between tissue-level and cell-level mechanics to drive anabolic cell responses for tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell I. Page
- Orthopaedic Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering and School of Biomedical EngineeringColorado State UniversityFt CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Peter E. Linde
- Orthopaedic Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering and School of Biomedical EngineeringColorado State UniversityFt CollinsColoradoUSA
| | - Christian M. Puttlitz
- Orthopaedic Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering and School of Biomedical EngineeringColorado State UniversityFt CollinsColoradoUSA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang W, Wang H, Yuan Z, Chu G, Sun H, Yu Z, Liang H, Liu T, Zhou F, Li B. Moderate mechanical stimulation rescues degenerative annulus fibrosus by suppressing caveolin-1 mediated pro-inflammatory signaling pathway. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:1395-1412. [PMID: 33867854 PMCID: PMC8040478 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.57774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical loading can induce or antagonize the extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, proliferation, migration, and inflammatory responses of annulus fibrosus cells (AFCs), depending on the loading mode and level. Caveolin-1 (Cav1), the core protein of caveolae, plays an important role in cellular mechanotransduction and inflammatory responses. In the present study, we presented that AFCs demonstrated different behaviors when subjected to cyclic tensile strain (CTS) for 24 h at a magnitude of 0%, 2%, 5% and 12%, respectively. It was found that 5% CTS had positive effects on cell proliferation, migration and anabolism, while 12% CTS had the opposite effects. Besides, cells exposed to interleukin-1β stimulus exhibited an increase expression in inflammatory genes, and the expression of these genes decreased after exposure to moderate mechanical loading with 5% CTS. In addition, 5% CTS decreased the level of Cav1 and integrin β1 and exhibited anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, the expression of integrin β1 and p-p65 increased in AFCs transfected with Cav1 plasmids. In vivo results revealed that moderate mechanical stimulation could recover the water content and morphology of the discs. In conclusion, moderate mechanical stimulation restrained Cav1-mediated signaling pathway and exhibited anti-inflammatory effects on AFCs. Together with in vivo results, this study expounds the underlying molecular mechanisms on the effect of moderate mechanical stimulation on intervertebral discs (IVDs) and may provide a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of IVD degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhangqin Yuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Genglei Chu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Heng Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zilin Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huan Liang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,China Orthopaedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kim MKM, Burns MJ, Serjeant ME, Séguin CA. The mechano-response of murine annulus fibrosus cells to cyclic tensile strain is frequency dependent. JOR Spine 2020; 3:e21114. [PMID: 33392464 PMCID: PMC7770207 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The intervertebral disk (IVD) is a composite structure essential for spine stabilization, load bearing, and movement. Biomechanical factors are important contributors to the IVD microenvironment regulating joint homeostasis; however, the cell type-specific effectors of mechanotransduction in the IVD are not fully understood. The current study aimed to determine the effects of cyclic tensile strain (CTS) on annulus fibrosus (AF) cells and identify mechano-sensitive pathways. Using a cell-type specific reporter mouse to differentiation NP and AF cells from the murine IVD, we characterized AF cells in dynamic culture exposed to CTS (6% strain) at specific frequencies (0.1 Hz, 1.0 Hz, or 2.0 Hz). We demonstrate that our culture model maintains the phenotype of primary AF cells and that the bioreactor system delivers uniform biaxial strain across the cell culture surface. We show that exposure of AF cells to CTS induces cytoskeleton reorganization resulting in stress fiber formation, with acute exposure to CTS at 2.0 Hz inducing a significant yet transient increase ERK1/2 pathway activation. Using SYBPR-based qPCR to assess the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) genes, ECM-remodeling genes, candidate mechano-sensitive genes, inflammatory cytokines and cell surface receptors, we demonstrated that exposure of AF cells to CTS at 0.1 Hz increased Acan, Prg4, Col1a1 and Mmp3 expression. AF cells exposed to CTS at 1.0 Hz showed a significant increase in the expression of Acan, Myc, and Tnfα. Exposure of AF cells to CTS at 2.0 Hz induced a significant increase in Acan, Prg4, Cox2, Myc, Fos, and Tnfα expression. Among the cell surface receptors assessed, AF cells exposed to CTS at 2.0 Hz showed a significant increase in Itgβ1, Itgα5, and Trpv4 expression. Our findings demonstrate that the response of AF cells to CTS is frequency dependent and suggest that mechanical loading may directly contribute to matrix remodeling and the onset of local tissue inflammation in the murine IVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyu M. Kim
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologySchulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Marissa J. Burns
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologySchulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Meaghan E. Serjeant
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologySchulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| | - Cheryle A. Séguin
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologySchulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
- Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cambria E, Arlt MJE, Wandel S, Krupkova O, Hitzl W, Passini FS, Hausmann ON, Snedeker JG, Ferguson SJ, Wuertz-Kozak K. TRPV4 Inhibition and CRISPR-Cas9 Knockout Reduce Inflammation Induced by Hyperphysiological Stretching in Human Annulus Fibrosus Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071736. [PMID: 32708074 PMCID: PMC7407144 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical loading and inflammation interact to cause degenerative disc disease and low back pain (LBP). However, the underlying mechanosensing and mechanotransductive pathways are poorly understood. This results in untargeted pharmacological treatments that do not take the mechanical aspect of LBP into account. We investigated the role of the mechanosensitive ion channel TRPV4 in stretch-induced inflammation in human annulus fibrosus (AF) cells. The cells were cyclically stretched to 20% hyperphysiological strain. TRPV4 was either inhibited with the selective TRPV4 antagonist GSK2193874 or knocked out (KO) via CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. The gene expression, inflammatory mediator release and MAPK pathway activation were analyzed. Hyperphysiological cyclic stretching significantly increased the IL6, IL8, and COX2 mRNA, PGE2 release, and activated p38 MAPK. The TRPV4 pharmacological inhibition significantly attenuated these effects. TRPV4 KO further prevented the stretch-induced upregulation of IL8 mRNA and reduced IL6 and IL8 release, thus supporting the inhibition data. We provide novel evidence that TRPV4 transduces hyperphysiological mechanical signals into inflammatory responses in human AF cells, possibly via p38. Additionally, we show for the first time the successful gene editing of human AF cells via CRISPR-Cas9. The pharmacological inhibition or CRISPR-based targeting of TRPV4 may constitute a potential therapeutic strategy to tackle discogenic LBP in patients with AF injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Cambria
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.J.E.A.); (S.W.); (O.K.); (F.S.P.); (J.G.S.); (S.J.F.); (K.W.-K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-446332901
| | - Matthias J. E. Arlt
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.J.E.A.); (S.W.); (O.K.); (F.S.P.); (J.G.S.); (S.J.F.); (K.W.-K.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Wandel
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.J.E.A.); (S.W.); (O.K.); (F.S.P.); (J.G.S.); (S.J.F.); (K.W.-K.)
| | - Olga Krupkova
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.J.E.A.); (S.W.); (O.K.); (F.S.P.); (J.G.S.); (S.J.F.); (K.W.-K.)
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Spine Surgery, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Hitzl
- Research Office (Biostatistics), Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Research Program Experimental Ophthalmology and Glaucoma Research, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Fabian S. Passini
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.J.E.A.); (S.W.); (O.K.); (F.S.P.); (J.G.S.); (S.J.F.); (K.W.-K.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver N. Hausmann
- Neuro- and Spine Center, Hirslanden Klinik St. Anna, 6006 Lucerne, Switzerland;
- Medical Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jess G. Snedeker
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.J.E.A.); (S.W.); (O.K.); (F.S.P.); (J.G.S.); (S.J.F.); (K.W.-K.)
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephen J. Ferguson
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.J.E.A.); (S.W.); (O.K.); (F.S.P.); (J.G.S.); (S.J.F.); (K.W.-K.)
| | - Karin Wuertz-Kozak
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland; (M.J.E.A.); (S.W.); (O.K.); (F.S.P.); (J.G.S.); (S.J.F.); (K.W.-K.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
- Spine Center, Schön Klinik München Harlaching, Academic Teaching Hospital and Spine Research Institute of the Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg (Austria), 81547 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ha SH, Kwak CH, Park JY, Abekura F, Lee YC, Kim JS, Chung TW, Kim CH. 3'-sialyllactose targets cell surface protein, SIGLEC-3, and induces megakaryocyte differentiation and apoptosis by lipid raft-dependent endocytosis. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:187-200. [PMID: 31900723 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09902-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
3'-sialyllactose is one of the abundant components in human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) that protect infants from various viral infections in early stages of immune system development. 3SL is a combination of lactose and sialic acid. Most sialic acids are widely expressed in animal cells and they bind to siglec proteins. In this study, we demonstrate that 3SL specifically binds to CD33. It induces megakaryocyte differentiation and subsequent apoptosis by targeting cell surface protein siglec-3 (CD33) in human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells. The 3SL-bound CD33 was internalized to the cytosol via caveolae-dependent endocytosis. At the molecular level, 3SL-bound CD33 recruits the suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) and SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP1). SOCS3 is degraded with CD33 by proteasome degradation, while SHP-1 activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) to induce megakaryocytic differentiation and subsequent apoptosis. The present study, therefore, suggests that 3SL is a potential anti-leukemia agent affecting differentiation and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Hyung Ha
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SungKyunKwan University, 300 Chunchun-Dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon City, Kyunggi-Do, 440-746, South Korea
| | - Choong-Hwan Kwak
- School of Korean Medicine, Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Park
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SungKyunKwan University, 300 Chunchun-Dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon City, Kyunggi-Do, 440-746, South Korea
| | - Fukushi Abekura
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SungKyunKwan University, 300 Chunchun-Dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon City, Kyunggi-Do, 440-746, South Korea
| | - Young-Choon Lee
- Faculty of Medicinal Biotechnology, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Suk Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea
| | - Tae-Wook Chung
- School of Korean Medicine, Healthy Aging Korean Medical Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do, 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheorl-Ho Kim
- Molecular and Cellular Glycobiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, SungKyunKwan University, 300 Chunchun-Dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon City, Kyunggi-Do, 440-746, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu W, Hou C, Li J, Ma X, Zhang Y, Hu M, Huang Y. Discovery of talmapimod analogues as polypharmacological anti-inflammatory agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 35:187-198. [PMID: 31752552 PMCID: PMC6882468 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1693703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Twenty novel talmapimod analogues were designed, synthesised and evaluated for the in vivo anti-inflammatory activities. Among them, compound 6n, the most potent one, was selected for exploring the mechanisms underlying its anti-inflammatory efficacy. In RAW264.7 cells, it effectively suppressed lipopolysaccharides-induced (LPS-induced) expressions of iNOS and COX-2. As illustrated by the western blot analysis, 6n downregulated both the NF-κB signalling and p38 MAPK phosphorylation. Further enzymatic assay identified 6n as a potent inhibitor against both p38α MAPK (IC50=1.95 µM) and COX-2 (IC50=0.036 µM). By virtue of the concomitant inhibition of p38α MAPK, its upstream effector, and COX-2, along with its capability to downregulate NF-κB and MAPK-signalling pathways, 6n, a polypharmacological anti-inflammatory agent, deserves further development as a novel anti-inflammatory drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wandong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Caiyun Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yanchun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Mengqi Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanzheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Photobiomodulation of extracellular matrix enzymes in human nucleus pulposus cells as a potential treatment for intervertebral disk degeneration. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11654. [PMID: 30076336 PMCID: PMC6076240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30185-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is associated with imbalances between catabolic and anabolic responses, regulated by extracellular matrix (ECM)-modifying enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their endogenous tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Potential contributing factors, such as interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, derived from infiltrated, activated macrophages within IVD tissues, can trigger abnormal production of ECM-modifying enzymes and progression of IVD degeneration. Novel therapies for regulating ECM-modifying enzymes can prevent or ameliorate IVD degeneration. Photobiomodulation (PBM), known to regulate wound repair, exhibits regenerative potential by modulating biological molecules. This study examined the effects of PBM, administered at various wavelengths (630, 525, and 465 nm) and energy densities (16, 32, and 64 J/cm2), on the production of ECM-modifying enzymes in replicated degenerative IVD. Our results showed that PBM selectively inhibited the production of ECM-modifying enzymes in a dose- and wavelength-dependent manner, suggesting that it could be a novel tool for treating symptomatic IVD degeneration.
Collapse
|
21
|
Ruan Z, Ma H, Li J, Liu H, Jia H, Li F. The long non-coding RNA NEAT1 contributes to extracellular matrix degradation in degenerative human nucleus pulposus cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2018; 243:595-600. [PMID: 29534600 PMCID: PMC6582394 DOI: 10.1177/1535370218760774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration is a complex disease involving genetic and environmental factors and multiple cellular processes. The role and expression of the lncRNA NEAT1 were assessed in intervertebral disc degeneration. NEAT1 expression was assessed in degenerative and control nucleus pulposus using RT-PCR. Western blotting and RT-PCR were also used to investigate p53 and p21 levels in nucleus pulposus tissues. NEAT1 function in degenerative nucleus pulposus cells was assessed with gain- and loss-of-function experiments. ERK/MAPK signaling was also examined. NEAT1, p53, and p21 were dramatically upregulated in intervertebral disc degeneration. Furthermore, catabolic MMP13 and ADAMTS5 were dysregulated and collagen II and aggrecan were downregulated after NEAT1 overexpression. This effect was reversed by transfection with si-NEAT1 in degenerative nucleus pulposus cells. In addition, NEAT1 was found to affect the activation of the ERK/MAPK pathway. The NEAT1-induced ECM degradation may involve ERK1/2/MAPK signaling. LncRNA NEAT1 may represent a novel molecular target for intervertebral disc degeneration treatment by preventing nucleus pulposus ECM degradation. Impact statement For the first time, our study demonstrates that lncRNA NEAT1 plays a role in the occurrence and development of IDD by participating in extracellular matrix remodeling. This lncRNA regulates catabolic MMP13 and ADAMTS5 and anabolic collagen II and aggrecan by affecting the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway in degenerative human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Our research provides a scientific basis for targeting of NEAT1 for the IDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ruan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Orthopaedic, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, ShiHeZi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, ShiHeZi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Orthopaedic, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, ShiHeZi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Huiyong Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Haoruo Jia
- Department of Orthopaedic, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, ShiHeZi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Elsaadany M, Winters K, Adams S, Stasuk A, Ayan H, Yildirim-Ayan E. Equiaxial Strain Modulates Adipose-derived Stem Cell Differentiation within 3D Biphasic Scaffolds towards Annulus Fibrosus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12868. [PMID: 28993681 PMCID: PMC5634474 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13240-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrence of intervertebral disc (IVD) herniation is the most important factor leading to chronic low back pain and subsequent disability after discectomy. Efficacious annulus fibrosus (AF) repair strategy that delivers cells and biologics to IVD injury site is needed to limit the progression of disc degeneration and promote disc self-regeneration capacities after discectomy procedures. In this study, a biphasic mechanically-conditioned scaffold encapsulated with human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) is studied as a potential treatment strategy for AF defects. Equiaxial strains and frequencies were applied to ASCs-encapsulated scaffolds to identify the optimal loading modality to induce AF differentiation. Equiaxial loading resulted in 2–4 folds increase in secretion of extracellular matrix proteins and the reorganization of the matrix fibers and elongations of the cells along the load direction. Further, the equiaxial load induced region-specific differentiation of ASCs within the inner and outer regions of the biphasic scaffolds. Gene expression of AF markers was upregulated with 5–30 folds within the equiaxially loaded biphasic scaffolds compared to unstrained samples. The results suggest that there is a specific value of equiaxial strain favorable to differentiate ASCs towards AF lineage and that ASCs-embedded biphasic scaffold can potentially be utilized to repair the AF defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kayla Winters
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Sarah Adams
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Alexander Stasuk
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Halim Ayan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Eda Yildirim-Ayan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|