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Grant MP, Alatassi R, Diab MO, Abushal M, Epure LM, Huk OL, Bergeron SG, Im Sampen HJ, Antoniou J, Mwale F. Cobalt ions induce a cellular senescence secretory phenotype in human synovial fibroblast-like cells that may be an early event in the development of adverse local tissue reactions to hip implants. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2024; 6:100490. [PMID: 38828014 PMCID: PMC11141261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2024.100490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Total hip arthroplasty is a successful procedure for treating advanced osteoarthritis (OA). Metal bearing surfaces remain one of the most widely implanted prosthesis, however approximately 10% of patients develop adverse local tissue reactions (ALTRs), namely lymphocytic predominant soft tissue reaction with or without necrosis and osteolysis resulting in high revision rates. The mechanism(s) for these reactions remains unclear although T lymphocyte mediated type IV hypersensitivity to cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) ions have been described. The purpose of this study was to determine the prolonged effects of Co and Cr metal ions on synovial fibroblasts to better understand the impact of the synovial membrane in the development of ALTRs. Methods Human synovial fibroblast-like cells were isolated from donors undergoing arthroplasty. DNA content and Alamar blue assay were used to determine cellular viability against exposure to Co and Cr. A beta-galactosidase assay was used to determine the development of cellular senescence. Western blotting and RT-qPCR were employed to determine changes in senescent associated secretory factors, signaling and anti-oxidant enzyme expression. A fluorescent assay was used to measure accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. Results We demonstrate that prolonged cobalt exposure results in a downregulation of the enzyme catalase resulting in cytosolic accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, decreased Akt activity and cellular senescence. Senescent fibroblasts demonstrated upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNFα in addition to the neurotrophic factor NGF. Conclusion Our results provide evidence that metal ions induce a senescent associated secretory phenotype in synovial fibroblasts that could contribute to the development of adverse local tissue reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Grant
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine Road, Room F-602, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Laura M. Epure
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Olga L. Huk
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine Road, Room F-602, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Stephane G. Bergeron
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine Road, Room F-602, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Hee-Jeong Im Sampen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John Antoniou
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine Road, Room F-602, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Fackson Mwale
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- SMBD-Jewish General Hospital, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine Road, Room F-602, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada
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Muthu S, Ramanathan K, Alagar Yadav S, Jha SK, Ranjan R. Effect of Cellular Dosage of Bone Marrow Aspiration Concentrate on the Radiological Outcomes in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Phase I Dose-Escalation Study. Indian J Orthop 2024; 58:1035-1042. [PMID: 39087044 PMCID: PMC11286885 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-024-01201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Knee osteoarthritis(KOA), a chronic degenerative disease, significantly impairs quality of life due to pain and mobility limitations. Traditional treatments focus on symptom management without addressing the underlying disease progression, leading to a growing interest in regenerative medicine approaches. Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), rich in mesenchymal stem cells and growth factors, has shown potential for cartilage repair and symptom relief in KOA. Despite promising outcomes, the optimal BMAC dosage for knee OA treatment remains undetermined. This study aims to evaluate the radiological outcomes of varying BMAC dosages in knee OA treatment. Methods This prospective controlled dose-escalation study involved 75 patients with early-stage knee OA, categorized into three groups based on BMAC dosage administered 10x106 cells (low-dose group), 50 × 106 cells (medium-dose group), or 100x106 cells (high-dose group). All the patients underwent a single intra-articular injection of BMAC and were monitored over a year. The primary outcomes include magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART 2.0) score to assess the cartilage. Results We noted significant improvement in the overall MOCART score (p = 0.027) and subchondral change sub-score (p = 0.048) and defect filling sub-score (p = 0.025) in the medium- and high-dose cohorts compared to the low-dose cohort at 1 year follow-up. Although we noted positive correlation between the clinical and radiological outcome (r = 0.43), we did not find any significant different in the clinical outcome between the treatment groups. Conclusion BMAC for OA knee resulted in significant improvement in the radiological scores compared to the baseline. Medium and high doses of BMAC result in significantly higher radiological scores compared to low-dose BMAC at 1 year. However, the radiological improvement did not translate into functional improvement, irrespective of the dosage administered at 1 year. Further research is necessary on the long-term outcomes to understand and optimize the dosing strategy based on clinico-radiological results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Muthu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Uttar Pradesh, Greater Noida, 201310 India
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu 624001 India
| | - Karthikraja Ramanathan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu 624001 India
| | - Sangilimuthu Alagar Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641021 India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Uttar Pradesh, Greater Noida, 201310 India
- Department of Zoology, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110008 India
| | - Rajni Ranjan
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310 India
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Muthu S, Ramanathan K, Alagar Yadav S, Jha SK, Ranjan R. Increased Cellular Dosage of Bone Marrow Aspiration Concentrate Does Not Translate to Increased Clinical Effectiveness in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Phase I Dose Escalation Study. Indian J Orthop 2024; 58:1001-1008. [PMID: 39087042 PMCID: PMC11286881 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-024-01197-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Knee osteoarthritis (KOA), a chronic degenerative disease, significantly impairs quality of life due to pain and mobility limitations. Traditional treatments focus on symptom management without addressing the underlying disease progression, leading to a growing interest in regenerative medicine approaches. Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), rich in mesenchymal stem cells and growth factors, has shown potential for cartilage repair and symptom relief in KOA. Despite promising outcomes, the optimal BMAC dosage for knee OA treatment remains undetermined. This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of varying BMAC dosages in knee OA treatment. Methods This prospective controlled dose-escalation study involved 75 patients with early-stage knee OA, categorized into three groups based on BMAC dosage administered 10 × 106 cells (low-dose group), 50 × 106 cells (medium-dose group), or 100 × 106 cells (high-dose group). All the patients underwent a single intra-articular injection of BMAC and were monitored over a year. The primary outcomes include Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain and the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) for joint function recorded at baseline, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-intervention. Adverse events were also documented. Results Significant clinical improvements in VAS and KOOS scores were noted across all groups at all time points compared to the baseline. However, these improvements did not significantly differ between dosage groups throughout the follow-up period. Adverse effects were minimal and primarily consisted of transient post-injection pain and effusion, with no dose-dependent increase in complications. Conclusion BMAC treatment for knee OA is safe and demonstrates potential for significant pain relief and functional improvement, irrespective of the dosage administered within the tested range. The lack of significant differences among varying dosages suggests a plateau in therapeutic efficacy beyond a certain threshold. Further research is necessary on the long-term outcomes to optimize the dosing strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Muthu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310 India
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu 624001 India
| | - Karthikraja Ramanathan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu 624001 India
| | - Sangilimuthu Alagar Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641021 India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310 India
- Department of Zoology, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110008 India
| | - Rajni Ranjan
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310 India
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Blank K, Ekanayake D, Cooke M, Bragdon B, Hussein A, Gerstenfeld L. Relationships between matrix mineralization, oxidative metabolism, and mitochondrial structure during ATDC5 murine chondroprogenitor cell line differentiation. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31285. [PMID: 38860464 PMCID: PMC11324414 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The mechanistic relationships between the progression of growth chondrocyte differentiation, matrix mineralization, oxidative metabolism, and mitochondria content and structure were examined in the ATDC5 murine chondroprogenitor cell line. The progression of chondrocyte differentiation was associated with a statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) ~2-fold increase in oxidative phosphorylation. However, as matrix mineralization progressed, oxidative metabolism decreased. In the absence of mineralization, cartilage extracellular matrix mRNA expression for Col2a1, Aggrecan, and Col10a1 were statistically (p ≤ 0.05) ~2-3-fold greater than observed in mineralizing cultures. In contrast, BSP and Phex that are associated with promoting matrix mineralization showed statistically (p ≤ 0.05) higher ~2-4 expression, while FGF23 phosphate regulatory factor was significantly lower (~50%) in mineralizing cultures. Cultures induced to differentiate under both nonmineralizing and mineralizing media conditions showed statistically greater basal oxidative metabolism and ATP production. Maximal respiration and spare oxidative capacity were significantly elevated (p ≤ 0.05) in differentiated nonmineralizing cultures compared to those that mineralized. Increased oxidative metabolism was associated with both an increase in mitochondria volume per cell and mitochondria fusion, while mineralization diminished mitochondrial volume and appeared to be associated with fission. Undifferentiated and mineralized cells showed increased mitochondrial co-localization with the actin cytoskeletal. Examination of proteins associated with mitochondria fission and apoptosis and mitophagy, respectively, showed levels of immunological expression consistent with the increasing fission and apoptosis in mineralizing cultures. These results suggest that chondrocyte differentiation is associated with intracellular structural reorganization, promoting increased mitochondria content and fusion that enables increased oxidative metabolism. Mineralization, however, does not need energy derived from oxidative metabolism; rather, during mineralization, mitochondria appear to undergo fission and mitophagy. In summary, these studies show that as chondrocytes underwent hypertrophic differentiation, they increased oxidative metabolism, but as mineralization proceeds, metabolism decreased. Mitochondria structure also underwent a structural reorganization that was further supportive of their oxidative capacity as the chondrocytes progressed through their differentiation. Thus, the mitochondria first underwent fusion to support increased oxidative metabolism, then underwent fission during mineralization, facilitating their programed death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Blank
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Derrick Ekanayake
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Margaret Cooke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Redwood City, California
| | - Beth Bragdon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amira Hussein
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Louis Gerstenfeld
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Zhang Y, Li Z, Chen C, Wei W, Li Z, Zhou H, He W, Xia J, Li B, Yang Y. SRGN promotes macrophage recruitment through CCL3 in osteoarthritis. Connect Tissue Res 2024:1-13. [PMID: 39067006 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2024.2380313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that affects synovial joints and leads to significant pain and disability, particularly in older adults. Infiltration of macrophages plays a key role in the progression of OA. However, the mechanisms underlying macrophage recruitment in OA are not fully understood. METHODS The Serglycin (SRGN) expression pattern was analyzed, along with its association with macrophage infiltration in OA, using bioinformatic methods. SRGN expression in chondrocytes was altered by small interfering RNA (siRNA) and plasmids. Conditioned media (CM) was obtained from transfected chondrocytes to establish a co-culture model of chondrocytes and THP-1 derived macrophages. The impact of SRGN on macrophage recruitment was evaluated using a transwell assay. Furthermore, the regulatory effect of SRGN on CCL3 was validated through qPCR, WB, and ELISA experiments. RESULTS In OA patients, the upregulation of SRGN positively correlated with K-L grade and macrophage infiltration. It was found that SRGN expression and secretion were up-regulated in OA and that it can promote macrophage migration in vitro. Further investigation showed that SRGN affects macrophage migration by regulating the expression of CCL3. CONCLUSION SRGN in chondrocytes plays a role in promoting the recruitment of THP-1 derived macrophages in vitro by regulating production of CCL3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihua Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang Wei
- The First Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhendong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haichao Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbao He
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunfeng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ye X, Li X, Qiu J, Kuang Y, Hua B, Liu X. Alpha-ketoglutarate ameliorates age-related and surgery induced temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis via regulating IKK/NF-κB signaling. Aging Cell 2024:e14269. [PMID: 38992995 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shed light on the important role of aging in the pathogenesis of joint degenerative diseases and the anti-aging effect of alpha-ketoglutarate (αKG). However, whether αKG has any effect on temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that αKG administration improves condylar cartilage health of middle-aged/aged mice, and ameliorates pathological changes in a rat model of partial discectomy (PDE) induced TMJOA. In vitro, αKG reverses IL-1β-induced/H2O2-induced decrease of chondrogenic markers (Col2, Acan and Sox9), and inhibited IL-1β-induced/ H2O2-induced elevation of cartilage catabolic markers (ADAMTS5 and MMP13) in condylar chondrocytes. In addition, αKG downregulates senescence-associated (SA) hallmarks of aged chondrocytes, including the mRNA/protein level of SA genes (p16 and p53), markers of nuclear disorders (Lamin A/C) and SA-β-gal activities. Mechanically, αKG decreases the expressions of p-IKK and p-NF-κB, protecting TMJ from inflammation and senescence-related damage by regulating the NF-κB signaling. Collectively, our findings illuminate that αKG can ameliorate age-related TMJOA and PDE-induced TMJOA, maintain the homeostasis of cartilage matrix, and exert anti-aging effects in chondrocytes, with a promising therapeutic potential in TMJOA, especially age-related TMJOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Ye
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinping Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Kuang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingqiang Hua
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianwen Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Katal S, Patel P, Lee J, Taubman K, Gholamrezanezhad A. Total Body PET/CT: A Role in Musculoskeletal Diseases. Semin Nucl Med 2024:S0001-2998(24)00049-7. [PMID: 38944556 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Recent advancements in PET technology have culminated in the development of total-body PET (TB-PET) systems, which overcome many limitations of traditional scanners. These TB-PET scanners, while still becoming widely available, represent the forefront of clinical imaging across numerous medical institutions worldwide. Early clinical applications have demonstrated their enhanced image quality, precise lesion quantification, and overall superior performance relative to conventional scanners. The capabilities of TB-PET technology, including extended scan range, ultrahigh sensitivity, exceptional temporal resolution, and dynamic imaging, offer significant potential to tackle unresolved clinical challenges in medical imaging. In this discussion, we aim to explore the emerging applications, opportunities, and future perspectives of TB-PET/CT in musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Clinical applications for both oncologic and non-oncologic musculoskeletal diseases are discussed, including inflammatory arthritis, infections, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and skeletal muscle disorders. From the ability to visualize small musculoskeletal structures and the entire axial and appendicular skeleton, TB-PET shows significant potential in the diagnosis and management of MSD conditions as it becomes more widely available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Katal
- Department of Medical Imaging, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Melborune Theranostic Innovation Centre (MTIC), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Parth Patel
- Department of Radiology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
| | - Jonathan Lee
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kim Taubman
- Department of Medical Imaging, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Yang T, Cao T, Yang X, Wang G, Li Y. Elucidation of the key therapeutic targets and potential mechanisms of Andrographolide multi-targets against osteoarthritis via network pharmacological analysis and experimental validation. Gene 2024; 911:148351. [PMID: 38462021 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our purpose is to unveil Andrographolide's potential multi-target and multi-mechanism therapeutic effects in treating OA via systematic network pharmacological analysis and cell experimental validation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Initially, we gathered data from Andrographolide and OA-related databases to obtain information on Andrographolide's biological properties and the targets linked with OA. We developed a bioinformatic network about Andrographolide and OA, whereby we analyzed the network to identify potential therapeutic targets and mechanisms of action of Andrographolide. Subsequently, we used molecular docking to analyze the binding sites of Andrographolide to the target proteins. At the same time, SDF-1 was used to construct an OA cell model to verify the therapeutic effect of Andrographolide on OA and its effect on target proteins. RESULTS Our experimental results show that Andrographolide has excellent pharmaceutical properties, by Lipinski's rules for drugs, suggesting that this compound can be considered to have a high therapeutic potential in drug development. 233 targets were preliminarily investigated, the mechanisms through which Andrographolide targets OA primarily involve the TNF signaling pathway, PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, and TLR signaling pathway. These mechanisms target OA by influencing immune and inflammatory responses in the joints, regulating apoptosis to prevent chondrocyte death. Finally, TNF-α, STAT3, TP53, IL-6, JUN, IL-1β, HIF-1α, TGF-β1, and AKT1 were identified as 9 key targets of Andrographolide anti-OA. In addition, our molecular docking analyzes with cell experimental validation further confirm the network pharmacology results. According to our molecular docking results, Andrographolide can bind to all the hub target proteins and has a good binding ability (binding energy < -5 kcal/mol), with the strongest binding affinity to AKT1 of -9.2 kcal/ mol. The results of cell experiments showed that Andrographolide treatment significantly increased the cell viability and the expression of COL2A1 and ACAN proteins. Moreover, 30 μM Andrographolide significantly reversed SDF-1-induced increases in the protein expression of TNF-α, STAT3, TP53, IL-6, JUN, IL-1β, HIF-1α, and TGF-β1, and decreases in the protein expression of AKT1. CONCLUSION This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the potential therapeutic targets and mechanisms of action of Andrographolide in OA treatment. Our findings suggest that Andrographolide is a promising candidate for drug development in the management of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyun Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Tingting Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xianguang Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanlin Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.
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Huang H, Zheng S, Wu J, Liang X, Li S, Mao P, He Z, Chen Y, Sun L, Zhao X, Cai A, Wang L, Sheng H, Yao Q, Chen R, Zhao Y, Kou L. Opsonization Inveigles Macrophages Engulfing Carrier-Free Bilirubin/JPH203 Nanoparticles to Suppress Inflammation for Osteoarthritis Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400713. [PMID: 38593402 PMCID: PMC11165524 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by cartilage destruction, synovitis, and osteophyte formation. Disease-modifying treatments for OA are currently lacking. Because inflammation mediated by an imbalance of M1/M2 macrophages in the synovial cavities contributes to OA progression, regulating the M1 to M2 polarization of macrophages can be a potential therapeutic strategy. Basing on the inherent immune mechanism and pathological environment of OA, an immunoglobulin G-conjugated bilirubin/JPH203 self-assembled nanoparticle (IgG/BRJ) is developed, and its therapeutic potential for OA is evaluated. After intra-articular administration, IgG conjugation facilitates the recognition and engulfment of nanoparticles by the M1 macrophages. The internalized nanoparticles disassemble in response to the increased oxidative stress, and the released bilirubin (BR) and JPH203 scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), inhibit the nuclear factor kappa-B pathway, and suppress the activated mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, result in the repolarization of macrophages and enhance M2/M1 ratios. Suppression of the inflammatory environment by IgG/BRJ promotes cartilage protection and repair in an OA rat model, thereby improving therapeutic outcomes. This strategy of opsonization involving M1 macrophages to engulf carrier-free BR/JPH203 nanoparticles to suppress inflammation for OA therapy holds great potential for OA intervention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huirong Huang
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325027China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou325027China
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325035China
| | - Shimin Zheng
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325027China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou325027China
| | - Jianing Wu
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325027China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou325027China
| | - Xindan Liang
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325027China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou325027China
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325035China
| | - Shengjie Li
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325027China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou325027China
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325035China
| | - Pengfei Mao
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325027China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou325027China
| | - Zhinan He
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325027China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou325027China
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325035China
| | - Yahui Chen
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325027China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou325027China
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325035China
| | - Lining Sun
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325027China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou325027China
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325035China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325027China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou325027China
| | - Aimin Cai
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325027China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou325027China
| | - Luhui Wang
- Department of UltrasonographyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325015China
| | - Huixiang Sheng
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325027China
| | - Qing Yao
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325027China
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325035China
| | - Ruijie Chen
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325027China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou325027China
| | - Ying‐Zheng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325035China
| | - Longfa Kou
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Pediatric Pharmacy, Department of PharmacyThe Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou325027China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang ProvinceWenzhou325027China
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10
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Fu B, Shen J, Zou X, Sun N, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Zeng C, Liu H, Huang W. Matrix stiffening promotes chondrocyte senescence and the osteoarthritis development through downregulating HDAC3. Bone Res 2024; 12:32. [PMID: 38789434 PMCID: PMC11126418 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-024-00333-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffening is a typical characteristic of cartilage aging, which is a quintessential feature of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). However, little is known about how ECM stiffening affects chondrocytes and other molecules downstream. This study mimicked the physiological and pathological stiffness of human cartilage using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates. It demonstrated that epigenetic Parkin regulation by histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) represents a new mechanosensitive mechanism by which the stiffness matrix affected chondrocyte physiology. We found that ECM stiffening accelerated cultured chondrocyte senescence in vitro, while the stiffness ECM downregulated HDAC3, prompting Parkin acetylation to activate excessive mitophagy and accelerating chondrocyte senescence and osteoarthritis (OA) in mice. Contrarily, intra-articular injection with an HDAC3-expressing adeno-associated virus restored the young phenotype of the aged chondrocytes stimulated by ECM stiffening and alleviated OA in mice. The findings indicated that changes in the mechanical ECM properties initiated pathogenic mechanotransduction signals, promoted the Parkin acetylation and hyperactivated mitophagy, and damaged chondrocyte health. These results may provide new insights into chondrocyte regulation by the mechanical properties of ECM, suggesting that the modification of the physical ECM properties may be a potential OA treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Fu
- Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510145, Guangdong, China
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianlin Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, 351100, Fujian, China
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, 351100, Fujian, China
| | - Xuenong Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Nian Sun
- Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510145, Guangdong, China
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, 510095, Guangdong, China
| | - Zengping Liu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, 510095, Guangdong, China
| | - Canjun Zeng
- Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510145, Guangdong, China
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Wenhua Huang
- Guangdong Medical Innovation Platform for Translation of 3D Printing Application, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510145, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Center for Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
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11
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Matas J, García C, Poblete D, Vernal R, Ortloff A, Luque-Campos N, Hidalgo Y, Cuenca J, Infante C, Cadiz MI, Khoury M, Luz-Crawford P, Espinoza F. A Phase I Dose-Escalation Clinical Trial to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Knee Osteoarthritis. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024; 13:193-203. [PMID: 38366909 PMCID: PMC10940813 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szad088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are promising cell-based therapy for OA. However, there is still a need for additional randomized, dose-dependent studies to determine the optimal dose and tissue source of MSC for improved clinical outcomes. Here, we performed a dose-dependant evaluation of umbilical cord (UC)-derived MSC (Celllistem) in a murine model and in knee OA patients. For the preclinical study, a classical dose (200.000 cells) and a lower dose (50.000 cells) of Cellistem were intra-articularly injected into the mice knee joints. The results showed a dose efficacy response effect of Cellistem associated with a decreased inflammatory and degenerative response according to the Pritzker OARSI score. Following the same approach, the dose-escalation phase I clinical trial design included 3 sequential cohorts: low-dose group (2 × 106 cells), medium-dose group (20 × 106), and high-dose group (80 × 106). All the doses were safe, and no serious adverse events were reported. Nonetheless, 100% of the patients injected with the high-dose experienced injection-related swelling in the knee joint. According to WOMAC total outcomes, patients treated with all doses reported significant improvements in pain and function compared with baseline after 3 and 6 months. However, the improvements were higher in patients treated with both medium and low dose as compared to high dose. Therefore, our data demonstrate that the intra-articular injection of different doses of Cellistem is both safe and efficient, making it an interesting therapeutic alternative to treat mild and symptomatic knee OA patients. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03810521.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Matas
- Centro de Terapia Celular, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cynthia García
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Poblete
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexander Ortloff
- Departamento de Ciencias Veterinarias y Salud Pública, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Noymar Luque-Campos
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yessia Hidalgo
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Cells for Cells and Regenero The Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jimena Cuenca
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Cells for Cells and Regenero The Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina Infante
- Centro de Terapia Celular, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Cells for Cells and Regenero The Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maria Ignacia Cadiz
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Cells for Cells and Regenero The Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maroun Khoury
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Cells for Cells and Regenero The Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia Luz-Crawford
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Espinoza
- Centro de Terapia Celular, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- IMPACT, Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago, Chile
- Cells for Cells and Regenero The Chilean Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, Santiago, Chile
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12
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Yi G, Zhang R, Li M, Song X, Li S. Atractylenolide-III attenuates osteoarthritis by repolarizing macrophages through inactivating TLR4/NF-κB signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111629. [PMID: 38346377 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a common chronic musculoskeletal condition, osteoarthritis (OA) presently lacks particular treatment strategies. The aim of this study was to examine how AT-III therapies affected macrophage repolarity in order to slow down the advancement of OA. METHODS RAW264.7 macrophages were polarized to M1 subtypes then administered with different concentrations of AT-III. Immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR and flow cytometry were used to assess the polarization of the macrophages. The mechanism of AT-III repolarize macrophages was evaluated by western blot. Furthermore, the effects of macrophage conditioned media (CM) on the migration, proliferation, and chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were investigated using CCK-8 assays, the scratch test, and alcian blue staining. The effects of macrophage CM on chondrocyte proliferation and degeneration were investigated using CCK-8 and qRT-PCR. In vivo micro-CT and histological observations were performed on rats with anterior cruciate ligament transection and partial medial meniscectomy, either with or without AT-III treatment. RESULTS AT-III repolarized M1 macrophages to M2 phenotype. Mechanistically, AT-III reduced the expression of Toll-like receptor(TLR) 4 induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 and lowered nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling molecules p-p65 and p-IκBα. The TLR4 agonist RS09 reversed the effects of AT-III on macrophage repolarization. AT-III-induced macrophages CM stimulated BMSCs migration, proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation. AT-III-treated macrophage CM promoted chondrocyte proliferation while inhibiting chondrocyte degeneration. In vivo, AT-III treatment alleviated the degree of synovitis, inhibited subchondral bone remodeling and reduced cartilage destruction in the rat OA model. CONCLUSIONS AT-III attenuates OA by repolarizing macrophages through inactivating TLR4/NF-κB signaling. These data suggest that AT-III may be an effective therapeutic candidate for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Yi
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Runmin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xizheng Song
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Siming Li
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China; Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, China.
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13
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Jiang D, Guo J, Liu Y, Li W, Lu D. Glycolysis: an emerging regulator of osteoarthritis. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1327852. [PMID: 38264652 PMCID: PMC10803532 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1327852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) has been a leading cause of disability in the elderly and there remains a lack of effective therapeutic approaches as the mechanisms of pathogenesis and progression have yet to be elucidated. As OA progresses, cellular metabolic profiles and energy production are altered, and emerging metabolic reprogramming highlights the importance of specific metabolic pathways in disease progression. As a crucial part of glucose metabolism, glycolysis bridges metabolic and inflammatory dysfunctions. Moreover, the glycolytic pathway is involved in different areas of metabolism and inflammation, and is associated with a variety of transcription factors. To date, it has not been fully elucidated whether the changes in the glycolytic pathway and its associated key enzymes are associated with the onset or progression of OA. This review summarizes the important role of glycolysis in mediating cellular metabolic reprogramming in OA and its role in inducing tissue inflammation and injury, with the aim of providing further insights into its pathological functions and proposing new targets for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingming Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianan Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingquan Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Hangzhou Linping District Nanyuan Street Community Health Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dezhao Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Chen S, Xu H, He Y, Meng C, Fan Y, Qu Y, Wang Y, Zhou W, Huang X, You H. Carveol alleviates osteoarthritis progression by acting on synovial macrophage polarization transformation: An in vitro and in vivo study. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110781. [PMID: 37967808 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a heterogeneous disease that affects the entire joint. Its pathogenesis involves hypertrophy and hyperplasia of synovial cells and polarization infiltration of macrophages, in which macrophages, as a potential target, can delay the progression of the disease by improving the immune microenvironment in OA. To investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of Carveol in cartilage and synovial macrophage reprogramming and crosstalk during the development of OA. RAW264.7 mouse macrophage cell line was mainly used to stimulate macrophages to polarization towards M1 and M2 by LPS, IL4+IL13, respectively. Different concentrations of Carveol were given to intervene, and macrophage culture medium was collected to intervene mouse C57BL6J chondrocytes. ROS assay kit, western blotting, cellular immunofluorescence, scanning microscope and section histology were used to evaluate the effect of Carveol on anti-M1-polarization, M2-polarization promotion and cartilage protection. The mouse destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM) model was observed by micro-CT scan and histology. We found that CA could inhibit the increase of macrophage inflammation level under the intervention of LPS and promote the production of M2 anti-inflammatory substances under the intervention of IL-4+IL13. In addition, Carveol activated NRF2/HO-1/NQO1 pathway and enhanced ROS clearance in chondrocytes under the intervention of macrophage culture medium. The phosphorylation of I-κBα is inhibited, which further reduces the phosphorylation of P65 downstream of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway. In addition, Carveol inhibits mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling molecules P-JNK, P-ERK and P-P38, and inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators. In vivo, Carveol can reduce osteophytes and bone spurs induced by DMM, reduce hypertrophy of synovial cells, reduce infiltration of macrophages, inhibit subchondral bone destruction, and reduce articular cartilage erosion. Our study suggests that synovial macrophages are potential targets for OA treatment, and Carveol is an effective candidate for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hanqing Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chen Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yunhui Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yunkun Qu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yingguang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Xiaojian Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Hongbo You
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.
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15
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Ma J, Li J, Wei S, Ge Q, Wu J, Xue L, Qi Y, Xu S, Jin H, Gao C, Lin J. Delivery of dental pulp stem cells by an injectable ROS-responsive hydrogel promotes temporomandibular joint cartilage repair via enhancing anti-apoptosis and regulating microenvironment. J Tissue Eng 2024; 15:20417314241260436. [PMID: 38911101 PMCID: PMC11193934 DOI: 10.1177/20417314241260436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cartilage repair poses a considerable clinical challenge, and tissue engineering has emerged as a promising solution. In this study, we developed an injectable reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive multifunctional hydrogel (RDGel) to encapsulate dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs/RDGel in short) for the targeted repair of condylar cartilage defect. The DPSCs/RDGel composite exhibited a synergistic effect in the elimination of TMJ OA (osteoarthritis) inflammation via the interaction between the hydrogel component and the DPSCs. We first demonstrated the applicability and biocompatibility of RDGel. RDGel encapsulation could enhance the anti-apoptotic ability of DPSCs by inhibiting P38/P53 mitochondrial apoptotic signal in vitro. We also proved that the utilization of DPSCs/RDGel composite effectively enhanced the expression of TMJOA cartilage matrix and promoted subchondral bone structure in vivo. Subsequently, we observed the synergistic improvement of DPSCs/RDGel composite on the oxidative stress microenvironment of TMJOA and its regulation and promotion of M2 polarization, thereby confirmed that M2 macrophages further promoted the condylar cartilage repair of DPSCs. This is the first time application of DPSCs/RDGel composite for the targeted repair of TMJOA condylar cartilage defects, presenting a novel and promising avenue for cell-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Ma
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shibo Wei
- Innovation Center for Smart Medical Technologies & Devices, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinwen Ge
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Wu
- School of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leilei Xue
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yezi Qi
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siyi Xu
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongting Jin
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Changyou Gao
- Innovation Center for Smart Medical Technologies & Devices, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Ummarino A, Pensado-López A, Migliore R, Alcaide-Ruggiero L, Calà N, Caputo M, Gambaro FM, Anfray C, Ronzoni FL, Kon E, Allavena P, Torres Andón F. An in vitro model for osteoarthritis using long-cultured inflammatory human macrophages repeatedly stimulated with TLR agonists. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2350507. [PMID: 37713238 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by an abundance of inflammatory M1-like macrophages damaging local tissues. The search for new potential drugs for OA suffers from the lack of appropriate methods of long-lasting inflammation. Here we developed and characterized an in vitro protocol of long-lasting culture of primary human monocyte-derived macrophages differentiated with a combination of M-CSF+GM-CSF that optimally supported long-cultured macrophages (LC-Mϕs) for up to 15 days, unlike their single use. Macrophages repeatedly stimulated for 15 days with the TLR2 ligand Pam3CSK4 (LCS-Mϕs), showed sustained levels over time of IL-6, CCL2, and CXCL8, inflammatory mediators that were also detected in the synovial fluids of OA patients. Furthermore, macrophages isolated from the synovia of two OA patients showed an expression profile of inflammation-related genes similar to that of LCS-Mϕs, validating our protocol as a model of chronically activated inflammatory macrophages. Next, to confirm that these LCS-Mϕs could be modulated by anti-inflammatory compounds, we employed dexamethasone and/or celecoxib, two drugs widely used in OA treatment, that significantly inhibited the production of inflammatory mediators. This easy-to-use in vitro protocol of long-lasting inflammation with primary human macrophages could be useful for the screening of new compounds to improve the therapy of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Ummarino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Nicholas Calà
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Etromapmacs Pole, Agorà Biomedical Sciences, Foggia, Italy
| | - Michele Caputo
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Etromapmacs Pole, Agorà Biomedical Sciences, Foggia, Italy
| | | | | | - Flavio L Ronzoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Elizaveta Kon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Fernando Torres Andón
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complexo Hospitalario de A Coruña (CHUAC), A Coruña, Spain
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17
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Liu S, Cheng S, Chen B, Xiao P, Zhan J, Liu J, Chen Z, Liu J, Zhang T, Lei Y, Huang W. Microvesicles-hydrogel breaks the cycle of cellular senescence by improving mitochondrial function to treat osteoarthritis. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:429. [PMID: 37968657 PMCID: PMC10652587 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02211-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related disease characterised by the accumulation of senescent chondrocytes, which drives its pathogenesis and progression. Senescent cells exhibit distinct features, including mitochondrial dysfunction and the excessive accumulation and release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are highly correlated and lead to a vicious cycle of increasing senescent cells. Stem cell therapy has proven effective in addressing cellular senescence, however, it still has issues such as immune rejection and ethical concerns. Microvesicles (MVs) constitute the primary mechanism through which stem cell therapy exerts its effects, offering a cell-free approach that circumvents these risks and has excellent anti-ageing potential. Nonetheless, MVs have a short in vivo half-life, and their secretion composition varies considerably under diverse conditions. This study aims to address these issues by constructing a ROS-responsive hydrogel loaded with pre-stimulant MVs. Through responding to ROS levels this hydrogel intelligently releases MVs, and enhancing mitochondrial function in chondrocytes to improving cellular senescence. RESULT We employed Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) as a stem cell-specific stimulus to generate IFN-γ-microvesicles (iMVs) with enhanced anti-ageing effects. Simultaneously, we developed a ROS-responsive carrier utilising 3-aminophenylboronic acid (APBA)-modified silk fibroin (SF) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). This carrier served to protect MVs, prolong longevity, and facilitate intelligent release. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the Hydrogel@iMVs effectively mitigated cell senescence, improved mitochondrial function, and enhanced cellular antioxidant capacity. In vivo experiments further substantiated the anti-ageing capabilities of the Hydrogel@iMVs. CONCLUSION The effect of MVs can be significantly enhanced by appropriate pre-stimulation and constructing a suitable carrier. Therefore, we have developed a ROS-responsive hydrogel containing IFN-γ pre-stimulated iMVs to target the characteristics of ageing chondrocytes in OA for therapeutic purposes. Overall, this novel approach effectively improving mitochondrial dysfunction by regulating the balance between mitochondrial fission and fusion, and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species was reduced, finally, alleviates cellular senescence, offering a promising therapeutic strategy for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senrui Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengwen Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingdi Zhan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacheng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuolin Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiting Lei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Z, Ding S, Zhang C, Zhan H, Li Y, Yan J, Jia Y, Wang X, Wang Y. Revealing the impact of TOX3 on osteoarthritis: insights from bioinformatics. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1256654. [PMID: 38020130 PMCID: PMC10663247 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1256654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis, a prevalent long-term condition of the joints, primarily impacts older individuals, resulting in discomfort, restrictions in mobility, and a decrease in overall well-being. Although Osteoarthritis is widely spread, there is a lack of successful interventions to stop the advancement of the condition. Numerous signaling pathways have been emphasized in recent research on Osteoarthritis, yet the diagnostic significance of numerous genes has not been investigated. To identify genes that were expressed differently in osteoarthritis, we utilized the Gene Expression Omnibus database. To identify marker genes, we built machine learning models including Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator and Random Forest. We categorized Osteoarthritis samples and performed immune cell infiltration analysis based on the expression patterns of these characteristic genes. Both the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator and Random Forest models selected six marker genes (TOX3, ARG1, CST7, RERGL, COL11A1, NCRNA00185) out of a total of 17 differentially expressed genes. The osteoarthritis samples were categorized into two groups, namely a high expression group and a low expression group, based on the median levels of TOX3 expression. Comparative analysis of these groups identified 85 differentially expressed genes, showing notable enrichment in pathways related to lipid metabolism in the group with high expression. Analysis of immune cell infiltration revealed noticeable differences in immune profiles among the two groups. The group with high expression of TOX3 showed a notable increase in Mast cells and Type II IFN Response, whereas B cells, Cytolytic activity, Inflammation-promoting cells, NK cells, pDCs, T cell co-inhibition, Th1 cells, and Th2 cells were significantly decreased. We constructed a ceRNA network for TOX3, revealing 57 lncRNAs and 18 miRNAs involved in 57 lncRNA-miRNA interactions, and 18 miRNA-mRNA interactions with TOX3. Validation of TOX3 expression was confirmed using an external dataset (GSE29746), revealing a notable increase in Osteoarthritis samples. In conclusion, our study presents a comprehensive analysis identifying TOX3 as a potential feature gene in Osteoarthritis. The distinct immune profiles and involvement in fat metabolism pathways associated with TOX3 expression suggest its significance in Osteoarthritis pathogenesis. The study establishes a basis for comprehending the intricate correlation between characteristic genes and Osteoarthritis, as well as for the formulation of individualized therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | | | - Hongsheng Zhan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Yan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yuyan Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xukai Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Zhang H, Yang S, Zhu W, Niu T, Wang J, Yang M, Liu E, Wang J, Li S, Zhang H. Exosomal miR-let-7c-5p is involved in the cognitive function of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients by interleukin 10: A cross-sectional study. J Diabetes 2023; 15:978-986. [PMID: 37532673 PMCID: PMC10667643 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-10 plays a notable role in the inflammatory-associated mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We aimed to investigate whether IL-10 and its upstream factors exert an impact on MCI in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS A total of 117 T2DM patients were recruited and divided into Control group and MCI group based on the presence or absence of MCI. Clinical parameters were collected. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was conducted for global cognitive function. Digit Span Test (DST), Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), and Trail Making Test-B (TMTB) were used to evaluate the executive functions of the diabetic patients. Trail Making Test-A (TMTA) was performed to examine the information processing speed function. Patients' scene memory was examined by Logical Memory Test (LMT). After the baseline data were compared, correlation and regression analyses were performed to explore the relationship among IL-10, miR-let-7c-5p and cognitive function. RESULTS Compared to 80 patients in the control group, 37 patients in the MCI group exhibited lower IL-10 in plasma and higher miR-let-7c-5p levels in exosomes from plasma. The IL-10 level was negatively associated with MoCA. Likewise, miR-let-7c-5p levels were negatively correlated with IL-10 levels and MoCA. Elevated miR-let-7c-5p levels and decreased IL-10 levels are risk factors for MCI in T2DM patients. Increased miR-let-7c-5p and downregulated IL-10 may influence VFT and TMTB, respectively, associated with executive function. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that IL-10 is correlated to the executive function of T2DM patients. Decreased IL-10 may result from the regulation of miR-let-7c-5p in exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism CenterThe First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyangChina
| | - Shufang Yang
- Department of EndocrinologyTaizhou People's HospitalTaizhouChina
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Wenwen Zhu
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Tong Niu
- Department of EndocrinologyAffiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jue Wang
- Department of EndocrinologyTaizhou People's HospitalTaizhouChina
- Medical SchoolDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Mingyue Yang
- Department of EndocrinologyTaizhou People's HospitalTaizhouChina
- Medical SchoolDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Enlin Liu
- Department of EndocrinologyTaizhou People's HospitalTaizhouChina
- Medical SchoolNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Jumei Wang
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Sumei Li
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Haoqiang Zhang
- Department of EndocrinologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
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Ni W, Zhang H, Mei Z, Hongyi Z, Wu Y, Xu W, Ma Y, Yang W, Liang Y, Gu T, Su Y, Fan S, Shen S, Hu Z. An inducible long noncoding RNA, LncZFHX2, facilitates DNA repair to mediate osteoarthritis pathology. Redox Biol 2023; 66:102858. [PMID: 37633048 PMCID: PMC10472307 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage homeostasis is essential for chondrocytes to maintain proper phenotype and metabolism. Because adult articular cartilage is avascular, chondrocytes must survive in low oxygen conditions, and changing oxygen tension can significantly affect metabolism and proteoglycan synthesis in these cells. However, whether long noncoding RNA participate in cartilage homeostasis under hypoxia has not been reported yet. Here, we first identified LncZFHX2 as a lncRNA upregulated under physiological hypoxia in cartilage, specifically by HIF-1α. LncZFHX2 knockdown simultaneously accelerated cellular senescence, targeted multiple components of extracellular matrix metabolism, and increased DNA damage in chondrocytes. Through a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments, we identified that LncZFHX2 performed a novel function that regulated RIF1 expression through forming a transcription complex with KLF4 and promoting chondrocyte DNA repair. Moreover, chondrocyte-conditional knockout of LncZFHX2 accelerated injury-induced cartilage degeneration in vivo. In conclusion, we identified a hypoxia-activated DNA repair pathway that maintains matrix homeostasis in osteoarthritis cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Ni
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zixuan Mei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhou Hongyi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yizheng Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenbin Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wentao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi Liang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tianyuan Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yingfeng Su
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shunwu Fan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Shuying Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Ziang Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
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Zhang K, Xu T, Xie H, Li J, Fu W. Donor-Matched Peripheral Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined With Platelet-Rich Plasma Synergistically Ameliorate Surgery-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rabbits: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Am J Sports Med 2023; 51:3008-3024. [PMID: 37528751 DOI: 10.1177/03635465231187042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease that causes joint pain and disability. Stem cell therapy is emerging as a promising treatment for OA. PURPOSE To evaluate the ability of peripheral blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PBMSCs) combined with donor-matched platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to treat OA in a rabbit model. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS PBMSCs and donor-matched PRP were isolated and prepared from the same rabbit. PBMSCs were treated with serum-free medium, fetal bovine serum, and PRP; a series of PBMSC behaviors, including proliferation, migration, and adhesion, were compared among groups. The ability of PBMSCs or PRP alone and PBMSCs+PRP to protect chondrocytes against proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin 1β [IL-1β]) treatment was compared by analyzing reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging ability and apoptosis. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence were used to investigate the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism genes and proteins, and Western blotting was used to explore the potential mechanism of the corresponding signaling pathway. In vivo, the effect of PBMSCs+PRP on cartilage and inflammation of the synovium was observed in a surgery-induced OA rabbit model via gross observation, histological and immunohistochemical staining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Proliferation, migration, and adhesion ability were enhanced in PBMSCs treated with PRP. Moreover, compared with either PBMSCs or PRP alone, PBMSCs+PRP enhanced ROS-scavenging ability and inhibited apoptosis in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes. PBMSCs+PRP also reversed the IL-1β-induced degradation of collagen type 2 and aggrecan and increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase 13, and this effect was related to increased expression of ECM synthesis and decreased expression of degradation and inflammatory genes and proteins. Mechanistically, PBMSCs+PRP reduced the phosphorylation of inhibitor of nuclear factor-κBα (IκBα), which further inhibited the phosphorylation of downstream nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the NF-κB signaling pathway. In vivo, compared with PBMSCs or PRP alone, intra-articular (IA) injection of PBMSCs+PRP enhanced cartilage regeneration and attenuated synovial inflammation in OA-induced rabbits. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that PRP could enhance biological activities, including viability, migration, and adhesion, in PBMSCs. PBMSCs+PRP could rescue ECM degeneration by inhibiting inflammatory signaling in IL-1β-treated OA chondrocytes. In addition, IA injection of PBMSCs+PRP effectively attenuated OA progression in a surgery-induced OA rabbit model. CLINICAL RELEVANCE PBMSCs+PRP may provide a promising treatment for knee OA, and this study can advance the related basic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaibo Zhang
- Sports Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianhao Xu
- Sports Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huiqi Xie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Li
- Sports Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weili Fu
- Sports Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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22
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Zhao F, Bai Y, Xiang X, Pang X. The role of fibromodulin in inflammatory responses and diseases associated with inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1191787. [PMID: 37483637 PMCID: PMC10360182 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1191787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an immune response that the host organism eliminates threats from foreign objects or endogenous signals. It plays a key role in the progression, prognosis as well as therapy of diseases. Chronic inflammatory diseases have been regarded as the main cause of death worldwide at present, which greatly affect a vast number of individuals, producing economic and social burdens. Thus, developing drugs targeting inflammation has become necessary and attractive in the world. Currently, accumulating evidence suggests that small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) exhibit essential roles in various inflammatory responses by acting as an anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory role in different scenarios of diseases. Of particular interest was a well-studied member, termed fibromodulin (FMOD), which has been largely explored in the role of inflammatory responses in inflammatory-related diseases. In this review, particular focus is given to the role of FMOD in inflammatory response including the relationship of FMOD with the complement system and immune cells, as well as the role of FMOD in the diseases associated with inflammation, such as skin wounding healing, osteoarthritis (OA), tendinopathy, atherosclerosis, and heart failure (HF). By conducting this review, we intend to gain insight into the role of FMOD in inflammation, which may open the way for the development of new anti-inflammation drugs in the scenarios of different inflammatory-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuerong Xiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Pang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Roggio F, Petrigna L, Trovato B, Di Rosa M, Musumeci G. The Role of Lubricin, Irisin and Exercise in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065126. [PMID: 36982198 PMCID: PMC10049370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative musculoskeletal disease that worsens with age and is defined by pathological alterations in joint components. All clinical treatment recommendations for osteoarthritis promote exercise, although precise molecular pathways are unclear. The purpose of this study was to critically analyze the research on lubricin and irisin and how they relate to healthy and diseased joint tissue. Our research focused specifically on exercise strategies and offered new perspectives for future potential osteoarthritis treatment plans. Although lubricin and irisin have only recently been discovered, there is evidence that they have an impact on cartilage homeostasis. A crucial component of cartilage lubrication and integrity, lubricin is a surface-active mucinous glycoprotein released by the synovial joint. Its expression increases with joint movement. In healthy joints, lubricin molecules cover the cartilage surface to lubricate the boundary of the joint and inhibit protein and cell attachment. Patients with joint trauma, inflammatory arthritis, or genetically mediated lubricin deficiency, who do not produce enough lubricin to protect the articular cartilage, develop arthropathy. Irisin, sometimes known as the "sports hormone", is a myokine secreted primarily by skeletal muscle. It is a physiologically active protein that can enter the circulation as an endocrine factor, and its synthesis and secretion are primarily triggered by exercise-induced muscle contraction. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus using the appropriate keywords to identify the most recent research. The studies considered advance our knowledge of the role that exercise plays in the fight against osteoarthritis, serve as a valuable resource, and support the advancement of osteoarthritis prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Roggio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Petrigna
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Bruno Trovato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Research Center on Motor Activities (CRAM), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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You B, Zhou C, Yang Y. MSC-EVs alleviate osteoarthritis by regulating microenvironmental cells in the articular cavity and maintaining cartilage matrix homeostasis. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 85:101864. [PMID: 36707035 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a common cause of chronic articular cartilage degeneration, is the main cause of disability in older adults and severely affects quality of life. Multiple factors are involved in the pathogenesis of OA, resulting in imbalance in the homeostasis of the joint cavity microenvironment, which exacerbates the disease. Because of the deficiency of blood vessels and nerves in cartilage, existing therapies to promote cartilage healing are relatively ineffective. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-related therapies have achieved positive outcomes for the treatment of OA, and these beneficial effects have been confirmed to be largely mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs). MSC-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) have been demonstrated to participate in the regulation of chondrocyte function, to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, and to alleviate metabolic disorders of the extracellular matrix, thereby slowing the progression of OA. In addition, engineered MSC-EVs can enrich therapeutic molecules and optimize administration to enhance their therapeutic effects on OA. A thorough understanding of the endogenous properties of EVs and related engineering strategies could help researchers develop more precise control therapy for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benshuai You
- Clinical Laboratory Center, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenglin Zhou
- Clinical Laboratory Center, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China.
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Gong Y, Li S, Wu J, Zhang T, Fang S, Feng D, Luo X, Yuan J, Wu Y, Yan X, Zhang Y, Zhu J, Wu J, Lian J, Xiang W, Ni Z. Autophagy in the pathogenesis and therapeutic potential of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. BURNS & TRAUMA 2023; 11:tkac060. [PMID: 36733467 PMCID: PMC9887948 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy, as a fundamental mechanism for cellular homeostasis, is generally involved in the occurrence and progression of various diseases. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common musculoskeletal disease that often leads to pain, disability and economic loss in patients. Post-traumatic OA (PTOA) is a subtype of OA, accounting for >12% of the overall burden of OA. PTOA is often caused by joint injuries including anterior cruciate ligament rupture, meniscus tear and intra-articular fracture. Although a variety of methods have been developed to treat acute joint injury, the current measures have limited success in effectively reducing the incidence and delaying the progression of PTOA. Therefore, the pathogenesis and intervention strategy of PTOA need further study. In the past decade, the roles and mechanisms of autophagy in PTOA have aroused great interest in the field. It was revealed that autophagy could maintain the homeostasis of chondrocytes, reduce joint inflammatory level, prevent chondrocyte death and matrix degradation, which accordingly improved joint symptoms and delayed the progression of PTOA. Moreover, many strategies that target PTOA have been revealed to promote autophagy. In this review, we summarize the roles and mechanisms of autophagy in PTOA and the current strategies for PTOA treatment that depend on autophagy regulation, which may be beneficial for PTOA patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tongyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Changjiang Street, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China,Department of General practice, Chinese PLA General Hospital of the Central Theater Command, Wuluo Street, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Shunzheng Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Changjiang Street, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Daibo Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Changjiang Street, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xiaoqing Luo
- Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, Laboratory for Prevention and Rehabilitation of Training Injuries, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Changjiang Street, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Gantaoyan Street, Shapinba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yaran Wu
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, Gantaoyan Street, Shapinba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaojing Yan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Laboratory Medicine, Army Medical University, Gantaoyan Street, Shapinba District, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Guoben Street, Wanzhou district, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Hospital, Shanghai Street, Wanzhou District, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Jiangyi Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Hospital, Peking University, Lianhua Street, Futian District, Shenzhen 518034, China
| | - Jiqin Lian
- Correspondence. Zhenghong Ni, ; Wei Xiang, ; Jiqin Lian,
| | - Wei Xiang
- Correspondence. Zhenghong Ni, ; Wei Xiang, ; Jiqin Lian,
| | - Zhenhong Ni
- Correspondence. Zhenghong Ni, ; Wei Xiang, ; Jiqin Lian,
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