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Julian V, Costa D, O'Malley G, Metz L, Fillon A, Miguet M, Cardenoux C, Dutheil F, Boirie Y, Duclos M, Courteix D, Pereira B, Thivel D. Bone Response to High-Intensity Interval Training versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training in Adolescents with Obesity. Obes Facts 2022; 15:46-54. [PMID: 34864737 PMCID: PMC8820153 DOI: 10.1159/000519271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since adolescents with obesity are prone to bone fragility during weight loss, the aim was to compare the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on bone density, geometry, and strength. METHODS Sixty-one adolescents were randomly assigned to 2 cycling trainings (HIIT and MICT) and a control (CTR, without training) group. Anthropometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry with hip structural analysis and the trabecular bone score (TBS) were assessed before and after the 16-week intervention. RESULTS Body mass index (BMI) and fat mass (FM) percentage decreased at T1 versus T0 in both training groups (p < 0.001 for HIIT, p = 0.01 for MICT), though to a larger extent in HIIT (p < 0.05). Total body bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) increased in both training groups (p < 0.001), but to a greater extent in HIIT for BMC (p < 0.05). Lumbar spine BMD and BMC increased in both training groups (p < 0.001 for HIIT, p < 0.01 for MICT), with a time × group interaction between HIIT and CTR (p < 0.05) only. TBS increased in both training groups (p < 0.01 for HIIT, p < 0.05 for MICT). Hip BMD and BMC increased in both HIIT (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01) and MICT (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). At the narrow neck (NN), endocortical diameter, width (p < 0.01), cross-sectional moment of inertia, and section modulus (Z) (p < 0.05) increased only in the HIIT group, such as BMD and Z (p < 0.05) at the intertrochanteric region (IT) and average cortical thickness (p < 0.001) and width (p < 0.05) at the femoral shaft. At the NN and IT, the buckling ratio decreased only in the HIIT group (p < 0.05), predicting higher resistance to fracture. CONCLUSIONS In addition to inducing greater BMI and FM percentage decreases in comparison to MICT, HIIT improves multisite bone density, geometry, and strength, which heighten the justification for HIIT as part of weight loss interventions in adolescents with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Julian
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- *Valérie Julian,
| | - Daniela Costa
- University of Coimbra, FCDEF, CIDAF, Coimbra, Portugal
- Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BD/136193/2018), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Grace O'Malley
- School of Physiotherapy, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, W82GO Child and Adolescent Weight Management Service, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lore Metz
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alicia Fillon
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Maud Miguet
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Frédéric Dutheil
- Department of Occupational Medicine, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, LAPSCO − Laboratory of Social and Cognitive Psychology, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yves Boirie
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Daniel Courteix
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Department of Biostatistics, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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