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Nasir H, Dutheil F, Ramos I, Guirado T, de Saint-Vincent S, Thivel D, Metz L, Duclos M. Effects of portable pedal machines at work on lipoprotein subfraction profile in sedentary workers - the REMOVE study. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:105. [PMID: 38616275 PMCID: PMC11016206 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02098-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behaviour at work is a major cause of atherosclerosis, particularly in tertiary workers. However, no studies have ever assessed the effect of active workstation on lipoprotein subfraction profile. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 12-week portable pedal machines (PPMs) on lipoprotein subfraction profile among healthy sedentary workers. METHODS Healthy administrative workers were randomized into an intervention group using PPMs for 12 weeks or a control group using normal-desk. Lipoprotein subfractions were assessed using Lipoprint® electrophoresis. Main outcomes were explored using mixed models with sensitivity analyses (four models). RESULTS We included 40 participants (43.7 ± 8.6 years old, 100% women, BMI 23.8 ± 3.4 kg/m2; sedentary time at work 7.7 ± 1.8 h/day). Groups did not differ at baseline in any outcomes. 32 participants finished the trial. Changes in lipoprotein subfractions were especially marked for LDL profile. There was an interaction time x group for all parameters related to LDL and their subfractions: total LDL-cholesterol (p = 0.012), LDL particle size (p = 0.027), large LDL subfractions 1 and 2 (p = 0.001), and small dense LDL subfractions 3 to 7 (p = 0.046), using the crude model. The interaction reflects difference in the direction of changes between groups. The LDL particle size significantly increased in the intervention group (from 271.9 ± 2.5 at t0 to 272.8 ± 1.9 Ångström at t1, p = 0.037) while it did not change in the control group (272.5 ± 1.7 at t0 to 271.8 ± 1.5Å at t1, p = 0.52). All interactions were constantly significant whatever the models. Influencing variables were mainly stress at work that was associated with an increase in total LDL-cholesterol (coefficient 3.15, 95CI 0.20 to 6.11 mg/dl, p = 0.038), and BMI that was associated with Large-LDL, Large-HDL, IDL-C and triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS Lipoprotein profile was improved after a 12-week PPMs intervention at work in healthy administrative workers. Changes were mainly showed for LDL and LDL subfractions. Lipoprotein profile was worsened by stress at work, BMI and age. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04153214.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hijrah Nasir
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Frederic Dutheil
- CNRS, LaPSCo, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ines Ramos
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, DRCI, Biostatistics, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Terry Guirado
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lore Metz
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- INRAE, UNH, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Exploration, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Chambonnière C, Metz L, Fillon A, Demonteix P, Fearnbach N, Bailly M, Boscaro A, Pereira B, Thivel D, Duclos M. The Effects of Using a Cycling Desk at School on Executive Function, Physical Fitness, and Body Composition in Primary School Children: Impact of Socioeconomic Status. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2023:1-9. [PMID: 38134891 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2023-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors are associated with adverse health outcomes in both adults and children. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 9-week program using a Cycle Desk during school time in French primary school children from high or low socioeconomic status (SES) on body composition, physical fitness (PF), and executive function. METHODS Seventy-five (n = 75) children completed a test battery before and after 9 weeks of use of Cycle Desk to evaluate anthropometric characteristics, body composition, PF, and executive function. RESULTS Body mass index increased significantly (P = .0095), while body fat decreased after the use of Cycle Desks (P < .0001). Specifically, lean mass increased in the high-SES group while it decreased in the low-SES group (P < .0001). After 9 weeks, there was an improvement in motor skills (P < .0001), upper and lower limbs' strength (P < .0001), and executive function performance (P < .0001). More specifically, the low-SES group had a greater improvement in motor skills and maximal aerobic speed between T0 and T1, compared to the high-SES group (P = .001, P = .023, respectively). In contrast, the high-SES group had a greater improvement in executive function at 9 weeks of use of Cycle Desk compared with the low-SES group (P = .0084). CONCLUSIONS The promotion of low-intensity physical activity with the use of a Cycle Desk at school may help offset some adverse effects of excess sedentary behavior among children. Moreover, this strategy appears to be particularly effective in children from low-SES backgrounds. What's New: The use of a Cycle Desk during school time has no deleterious effects on PF as well as cognitive executive functions in primary children. Modifications are more beneficial in children from low SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Chambonnière
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand,France
- Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), Clermont-Ferrand,France
| | - Lore Metz
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand,France
- Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), Clermont-Ferrand,France
| | - Alicia Fillon
- National Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors, Clermont-Ferrand,France
| | - Pauline Demonteix
- National Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors, Clermont-Ferrand,France
| | - Nicole Fearnbach
- Office of Research, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL,USA
| | - Mélina Bailly
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand,France
| | - Audrey Boscaro
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand,France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistics Unit, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand,France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand,France
- National Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors, Clermont-Ferrand,France
| | - Martine Duclos
- Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), Clermont-Ferrand,France
- National Observatory for Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors, Clermont-Ferrand,France
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand,France
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Miguet M, Pereira B, Beaulieu K, Finlayson G, Matłosz P, Cardenoux C, Boirie Y, Duclos M, Thivel D, Metz L. Effects of aquatic exercise on appetitive responses in adolescents with obesity: An exploratory study. Appetite 2023; 185:106540. [PMID: 36933834 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic exercise has been suggested as a beneficial modality to improve weight loss, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life in adolescents with obesity; however, its impact on appetite control in youth remains unknown. The aim of this preliminary study was to examine the effect of an acute aquatic exercise session on energy intake (EI), appetite feelings and food reward in adolescents with obesity. Twelve adolescents with obesity (12-16 years, Tanner stage 3-5, 9 males) randomly completed two conditions: i) control (CON); ii) aquatic exercise session (AQUA). One hour before lunch, the adolescents stayed at rest outside the water in a quiet room for 45 min on CON while they performed a 45-min aquatic exercise session on AQUA. Ad libitum EI and macronutrients were assessed at lunch and dinner, subjective appetite feelings taken at regular intervals, and food reward measured before and after lunch. Paired T-test showed that EI was not different between CON and AQUA at lunch (1333 ± 484 kcal vs 1409 ± 593 kcal; p = 0.162) and dinner (528 ± 218 kcal vs 513 ± 204 kcal; p = 0.206). Total daily ad libitum EI was significantly higher on AQUA (1922 ± 649 kcal) compared with CON (1861 ± 685 kcal; p = 0.044) but accounting for the exercise-induced energy expenditure, relative energy intake did not differ (2263 ± 732 kcal vs 2117 ± 744 kcal, p = 0.304). None of the appetite feelings (hunger, fullness, prospective food consumption and desire to eat) and food reward dimensions were significantly different between conditions. These preliminary and exploratory results suggest that an acute aquatic-exercise session might not induce energy compensatory responses in adolescents with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Miguet
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - B Pereira
- Unit of Biostatistics (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - K Beaulieu
- Appetite Control & Energy Balance Research Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - G Finlayson
- Appetite Control & Energy Balance Research Group, School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - P Matłosz
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - C Cardenoux
- Youth Medical Center, Romagnat, 63540, France
| | - Y Boirie
- Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Human Nutrition, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - M Duclos
- Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Human Nutrition, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - D Thivel
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - L Metz
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Metz L, Guirado T, Beaulieu K, Pereira B, Brun C, Coutarel F, Duclos M, Thivel D. Cognitive work on a walking desk does not lead to compensatory appetitive responses in healthy young adults. Physiol Behav 2023; 258:114008. [PMID: 36341834 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.114008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT In addition to the low energy expenditure induced by sedentary behaviors such as sitting, it has been shown that intense cognitive work can lead to an increase in food intake. Walking Desk provide the opportunity for office workers to replace prolonged sitting at work with light intensity physical activity. OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of sitting vs standing vs walking during a cognitive task on energy intake, appetite sensations, food reward and overall energy balance. METHODS Fifteen normal weight (BMI: 24.1 ± 1.2 kg m-2) young men (23.4 ± 2.1 years) randomly performed three conditions: sitting desk (SitD), standing desk (StD) and walking desk (WD), while performing a 45-min cognitive task. Energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry, regular appetite sensations were assessed using visual analogue scales, energy intake measured during an ad libitum meal and the relative energy intake calculated. Pre and post-test meal food reward was evaluated through the Leeds Food Preference Questionnaire. RESULTS Relative energy intake decreased by 150 kcal in WD compared with SitD, however it did not reach statistical significance. There were no differences in appetite sensations nor food reward between the three conditions. Energy expenditure was significantly higher in WD (141.8 ± 13 kcal) than in SitD (78.7 ± 5 8 kcal) and StD (85.9 ± 8 kcal) (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION Walking desk use can decrease sedentary time while working without any appetitive compensation. The small reduction in energy balance with walking while working could induce significant health benefits if repeated over time. Future longer studies need to clarify whether active desks can contribute to the prevention or management of weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lore Metz
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), Clermont Auvergne University, 63170 Aubiere CEDEX, France; Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Terry Guirado
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), Clermont Auvergne University, 63170 Aubiere CEDEX, France; Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Kristine Beaulieu
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Unit of Biostatistics (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Carole Brun
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), Clermont Auvergne University, 63170 Aubiere CEDEX, France; Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Fabien Coutarel
- Laboratory ACTé Clermont Auvergne University, 63407 Chamalières Cedex, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), Clermont Auvergne University, 63170 Aubiere CEDEX, France; Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Bailly M, Boscaro A, Thomas T, Féasson L, Costes F, Pereira B, Hager J, Estour B, Galusca B, Metz L, Courteix D, Thivel D, Verney J, Germain N. New Insights on Bone Tissue and Structural Muscle-Bone Unit in Constitutional Thinness. Front Physiol 2022; 13:921351. [PMID: 35874537 PMCID: PMC9305386 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.921351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While few studies pointed out low bone mineral densities in constitutionally thin women, little is known about potential explanations. The objective was to further explore bone architecture in both women and men with constitutional thinness to investigate their mechanical muscle-bone coupling (or uncoupling). Thirty constitutionally thin people and 31 normal weight controls participated in the study. Body composition, hip structural analysis, and trabecular bone score were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, bone architecture using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography, and muscle explorations through histological staining on muscle biopsies. Thirty-two out of the 48 indexes relative to density, geometry, texture, and architecture of bones were found significantly lower (p < 0.05) in constitutionally thin individuals compared with controls. This observation was particularly pronounced in constitutionally thin men. Bone microarchitecture was more altered in weight-supporting bone (tibia) than in non-weight-supporting (radius) bone, which might refer to a normal physiological adaptation (Frost’s mechanostat theory). Yet, the heat-maps of correlations analyses showed many alterations of body weight or muscle associations with bone parameters in constitutionally thin individuals contrary to controls. Present results might support the idea of intrinsic disturbances of bone cells independently to the small muscle structure, particularly in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélina Bailly
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH, AME2P, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- *Correspondence: Mélina Bailly,
| | - Audrey Boscaro
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH, AME2P, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Thierry Thomas
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Nord, CHU, Saint-Étienne, France
- INSERM U1059, University of Lyon-Jean Monnet University, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Léonard Féasson
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (LIBM) EA 7424, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Frédéric Costes
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, CHU, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistics Unit, Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l’Innovation (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jorg Hager
- Metabolic Health Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Estour
- Eating Disorders Addictions and Extreme Bodyweight Research Group (TAPE) EA 7423, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Étienne, France
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes Metabolism and Eating Disorders, CHU, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Bogdan Galusca
- Eating Disorders Addictions and Extreme Bodyweight Research Group (TAPE) EA 7423, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Étienne, France
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes Metabolism and Eating Disorders, CHU, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Lore Metz
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH, AME2P, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Daniel Courteix
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH, AME2P, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH, AME2P, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julien Verney
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH, AME2P, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Natacha Germain
- Eating Disorders Addictions and Extreme Bodyweight Research Group (TAPE) EA 7423, Jean Monnet University, Saint-Étienne, France
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes Metabolism and Eating Disorders, CHU, Saint-Étienne, France
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Guirado T, Bourdier P, Pereira B, Le Roux E, Bergouignan A, Birat A, Isacco L, Thivel D, Duclos M, Metz L. Metabolic profile in women differs between high versus low energy spenders during a low intensity exercise on a cycle-desk. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9928. [PMID: 35705612 PMCID: PMC9200836 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Active-desks are emerging strategies aiming at reducing sedentary time while working. A large inter-individual variability in energy expenditure (EE) profile has been identified and has to be explored to better optimize and individualize those strategies. Thus the present study aimed at comparing the metabolic and physical profile of individuals characterized as high spenders (H-Spenders) versus low spenders (L-Spenders) based on EE during a cycle-desk low intensity exercise. 28 healthy women working in administrative positions were enrolled. Anthropometric, body composition and fasting metabolic profile parameters were assessed. EE was determined by indirect calorimetry, at rest and during a 30-min cycle-desk use. Participants were categorized as H-Spenders and L-Spenders using the median of the difference between EE at rest and during the 30-min exercise. H-Spenders had higher mean EE (p < 0.001) and carbohydrate oxidation (p = 0.009) during exercise. H-Spenders displayed higher values for fasting plasma insulin (p = 0.002) and HOMA-IR (p = 0.002) and lower values for HDL-cholesterol (p = 0.014) than L-Spenders. The percentage of body fat mass was significantly higher in H-Spenders (p = 0.034). Individuals expending more energy during a low intensity cycling exercise presented a less healthy metabolic profile compared with L-Spenders. Future studies will have to explore whether the chronic use of cycle-desks during work time can improve energy profile regarding metabolic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Guirado
- EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise Under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), BP 80026, UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, 63170, Aubiere CEDEX, France. .,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France. .,Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France. .,INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Pierre Bourdier
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Biostatistics Unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Elisa Le Roux
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Audrey Bergouignan
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, 67000, Strasbourg, France.,Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Anthony Birat
- EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise Under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), BP 80026, UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, 63170, Aubiere CEDEX, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laurie Isacco
- EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise Under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), BP 80026, UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, 63170, Aubiere CEDEX, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise Under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), BP 80026, UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, 63170, Aubiere CEDEX, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lore Metz
- EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise Under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), BP 80026, UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, 63170, Aubiere CEDEX, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Metz L, Isacco L, Redman LM. Effect of oral contraceptives on energy balance in women: A review of current knowledge and potential cellular mechanisms. Metabolism 2022; 126:154919. [PMID: 34715118 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Body weight management is currently of major concern as the obesity epidemic is still a worldwide challenge. As women face more difficulties to lose weight than men, there is an urgent need to better understand the underlying reasons and mechanisms. Recent data have suggested that the use of oral contraceptive (OC) could be involved. The necessity of utilization and development of contraceptive strategies for birth regulation is undeniable and contraceptive pills appear as a quite easy approach. Moreover, OC also represent a strategy for the management of premenstrual symptoms, acne or bulimia nervosa. The exact impact of OC on body weight remains not clearly established. Thus, after exploring the potential underlying mechanisms by which OC could influence the two side of energy balance, we then provide an overview of the available evidence regarding the effects of OC on energy balance (i.e. energy expenditure and energy intake). Finally, we highlight the necessity for future research to clarify the cellular effects of OC and how the individualization of OC prescriptions can improve long-term weight loss management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lore Metz
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, 63170 Aubiere CEDEX, France; Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Laurie Isacco
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, 63170 Aubiere CEDEX, France; Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Leanne M Redman
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
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Julian V, Costa D, O'Malley G, Metz L, Fillon A, Miguet M, Cardenoux C, Dutheil F, Boirie Y, Duclos M, Courteix D, Pereira B, Thivel D. Bone Response to High-Intensity Interval Training versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training in Adolescents with Obesity. Obes Facts 2022; 15:46-54. [PMID: 34864737 PMCID: PMC8820153 DOI: 10.1159/000519271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since adolescents with obesity are prone to bone fragility during weight loss, the aim was to compare the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on bone density, geometry, and strength. METHODS Sixty-one adolescents were randomly assigned to 2 cycling trainings (HIIT and MICT) and a control (CTR, without training) group. Anthropometry, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry with hip structural analysis and the trabecular bone score (TBS) were assessed before and after the 16-week intervention. RESULTS Body mass index (BMI) and fat mass (FM) percentage decreased at T1 versus T0 in both training groups (p < 0.001 for HIIT, p = 0.01 for MICT), though to a larger extent in HIIT (p < 0.05). Total body bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) increased in both training groups (p < 0.001), but to a greater extent in HIIT for BMC (p < 0.05). Lumbar spine BMD and BMC increased in both training groups (p < 0.001 for HIIT, p < 0.01 for MICT), with a time × group interaction between HIIT and CTR (p < 0.05) only. TBS increased in both training groups (p < 0.01 for HIIT, p < 0.05 for MICT). Hip BMD and BMC increased in both HIIT (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01) and MICT (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05). At the narrow neck (NN), endocortical diameter, width (p < 0.01), cross-sectional moment of inertia, and section modulus (Z) (p < 0.05) increased only in the HIIT group, such as BMD and Z (p < 0.05) at the intertrochanteric region (IT) and average cortical thickness (p < 0.001) and width (p < 0.05) at the femoral shaft. At the NN and IT, the buckling ratio decreased only in the HIIT group (p < 0.05), predicting higher resistance to fracture. CONCLUSIONS In addition to inducing greater BMI and FM percentage decreases in comparison to MICT, HIIT improves multisite bone density, geometry, and strength, which heighten the justification for HIIT as part of weight loss interventions in adolescents with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Julian
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- *Valérie Julian,
| | - Daniela Costa
- University of Coimbra, FCDEF, CIDAF, Coimbra, Portugal
- Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (SFRH/BD/136193/2018), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Grace O'Malley
- School of Physiotherapy, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, W82GO Child and Adolescent Weight Management Service, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lore Metz
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alicia Fillon
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Maud Miguet
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Frédéric Dutheil
- Department of Occupational Medicine, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, LAPSCO − Laboratory of Social and Cognitive Psychology, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yves Boirie
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Daniel Courteix
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Department of Biostatistics, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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9
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Julian V, O'Malley G, Metz L, Weghuber D, Courteix D, Fillon A, Boirie Y, Duclos M, Pereira B, Thivel D. Does the severity of obesity influence bone density, geometry and strength in adolescents? Pediatr Obes 2021; 16:e12826. [PMID: 34171175 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relationships between the severity of obesity and bone health remain underexplored. OBJECTIVES To compare whole-body and localized bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD), trabecular bone score (TBS) and hip geometry and strength between adolescents with obesity versus extreme obesity. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 154 adolescents (12-15 years, 62% females) who were classified as having obesity (OG, [95th-99th] percentile) or extreme obesity (EOG, >99th percentile). Fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), BMC, BMD for total-body-less-head (TBLH), lumbar spine (LS), hip, TBS and geometric and strength indices at the narrow-neck (NN), femoral shaft (FS) and intertrochanteric regions (IT) were assessed by Dual-X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). RESULTS There was no significant sex-interaction. For both sexes, TBLH BMC and BMD were not different between groups. TBS was lower in EOG compared with OG in both sexes in univariate analysis and after adjustment with maturation and body weight (p < 0.05). Hip BMD was significantly higher in the EOG compared to OG only after adjustment with maturation and fat mass percentage (p < 0.05 for men, p < 0.01 for women). For both sexes, TBLH, LS and hip BMC and BMD positively correlated with weight, BMI, LM and FM. TBS negatively correlated with BMI-percentile in both sexes, with a negative correlation with FM for males alone. Hip BMC and BMD, BMD, ACT and CSA at the three hip sites positively correlated with BMI-percentile in males. CONCLUSIONS Extreme obesity impacts bone health depending on anatomical sites, altering lumbar trabecular bone in both males and females adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Julian
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical School, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Grace O'Malley
- School of Physiotherapy, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,W82GO Child and Adolescent Weight Management Service, Children's Health Ireland at Temple Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lore Metz
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Aubière, France
| | - Daniel Weghuber
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical School, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Daniel Courteix
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Aubière, France
| | - Alicia Fillon
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Aubière, France
| | - Yves Boirie
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Department of Biostatistics, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Aubière, France
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10
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Guirado T, Metz L, Pereira B, Bergouignan A, Thivel D, Duclos M. Effects of cycling workstation to get tertiary employee moving on their overall health: study protocol for a REMOVE trial. Trials 2021; 22:359. [PMID: 34022938 PMCID: PMC8140559 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behaviour (SB) and low levels of physical activity (PA) are predictors of morbidity and mortality. Tertiary employees spend a considerable amount of their daily time seated and new efficient strategies to both reduce sedentary time and increase physical activity are needed. In that context, the REMOVE study aims at evaluating the health effects of a 24-week cycling desk intervention among office workers. METHODS A prospective, open-label, multicentre, two-arm parallel, randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted in office-sitting desk workers. Office workers (N = 80) who have 0.8 full time equivalent hours (FTE) and 75% of this time in a sitting position will be recruited from tertiary worksites in Clermont-Ferrand, France. Subjects will be randomly assigned to one of the two following interventions: (i) PPM6: performance of two 30 min of cycling desk (using portable pedal exercise machine-PPM) per working day for 6 months or (ii) CTL_PPM3: 3 months with no intervention (control) followed by 3 months during which workers will be asked to complete two 30 min of PPM per working day. At baseline (T0), at 3 months (T1) and at 6 months (T2) after the start of the interventions, primary outcomes; 7-day PA and SB (3D-accelerometers), secondary outcomes; body composition (bioelectrical impedance), physical fitness (aerobic fitness, upper and lower limb strength), metabolic outcomes (fasting blood samples), self-perceived stress, anxiety, quality of life at work and job strain (questionnaires), tertiary outcomes; resting metabolic rate and cycling energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry) and eating behaviours (questionnaires) will be measured. An ergonomic approach based on observations and individual interviews will be used to identify parameters that could determine adherence. DISCUSSION The REMOVE study will be the first RCT to assess the effects of cycling workstations on objectively measured PA and SB during working and non-working hours and on key physiological and psychological health outcomes. This study will provide important information regarding the implementation of such cycling workstations in office workers and on the associated potential health benefits. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04153214 . Registered on November 2019, version 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Guirado
- EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, F-63171 63170 Aubiere CEDEX, 80026, Clermont-Ferrand, BP, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lore Metz
- EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, F-63171 63170 Aubiere CEDEX, 80026, Clermont-Ferrand, BP, France. .,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Biostatistics Unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Audrey Bergouignan
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000, Strasbourg, France.,Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Anschutz Health & Wellness Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David Thivel
- EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, F-63171 63170 Aubiere CEDEX, 80026, Clermont-Ferrand, BP, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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11
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Metz L, Isacco L, Miguet M, Genin P, Thivel D, Duclos M. Comparing the Effects of Immersed Versus Land-Based High-Intensity Interval Cycling on Energy Intake, Appetite Sensations and Perceived Exertion Among Healthy Men. Percept Mot Skills 2021; 128:1569-1585. [PMID: 33827349 DOI: 10.1177/00315125211007345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Immersed exercise has been shown to induce higher energy expenditure and no difference or increase in food intake compared with similar exercise on land. In this study, we compared the effects of acute high-intensity cycling performed on land versus when immersed on subsequent energy intake (EI), appetite sensations and perceived exertion (RPE) in healthy men. Ten participants in a postprandial condition completed three experimental visits in a randomized order: a control condition (CONT); a high-intensity interval cycling exercise performed on land (HIIE-L) and the same exercise while immersed in water (HIIE-A) with a similar targeted heart rate. We observed no difference in energy and macronutrient intake and in area under the curve (AUC) for appetite sensations between sessions. The RPE at the end of HIIE-L was negatively correlated with EI (r=-0.67; p < 0.05), AUC for hunger (r=-0.86, p < 0.01), desire to eat (r=-0.78, p < 0.05) and prospective food consumption (r=-0.86, p < 0.01). Conversely, the RPE at the end of HIIE-L was positively correlated with AUC for fullness (r = 0.76, p < 0.05). No such correlations were observed for HIIE-A. The present study was the first to observe that immersion did not influence EI after HIIE cycling, but immersion blunted the relationship between session RPE and subsequent energy intake and appetite sensations relative to HIIE on land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lore Metz
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laurie Isacco
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Maud Miguet
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pauline Genin
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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12
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Metz L, Isacco L, Fearnbach N, Pereira B, Thivel D, Duclos M. Energy Intake and Appetite Sensations Responses to Aquatic Cycling in Healthy Women: The WatHealth Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041051. [PMID: 33804967 PMCID: PMC8063954 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate energy expenditure, food intake and appetite feelings in response to water- vs. land-based cycling exercises in healthy young women. Methods: Anthropometric measurements and body composition were assessed among 20 women who performed four experimental sessions in a randomized order: (i) a rest condition (CONT); (ii) a 30-min aqua-cycling exercise session (WAT), (iii) a 30-min land-cycling exercise session at the same rpm (LAND), (iv) a land-cycling session at the same heart rate and isoenergetic to WAT (LAND-Iso). Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation were measured by indirect calorimetry; ad libitum energy intake during subsequent lunch was assessed with appetite feelings recorded at regular intervals. Results: Energy expenditure was higher during the 30-min WAT than during CONT and LAND (p < 0.001). Carbohydrate oxidation was higher in the WAT session compared to CONT and LAND (p < 0.05). LAND-Iso duration was significantly increased (+14 min) to reach the same energy expenditure as in the WAT condition (p < 0.05). There was no differences in food intake between sessions. Conclusion: While further studies are needed to optimize the chronic energetic effects of aqua-cycling, the present study suggests that this exercise modality could represent an efficient strategy to induce acute energy deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lore Metz
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, CEDEX 63170 Aubiere, France; (L.I.); (D.T.)
- Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), CEDEX 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Laurie Isacco
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, CEDEX 63170 Aubiere, France; (L.I.); (D.T.)
- Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), CEDEX 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicole Fearnbach
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA;
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Biostatistics Unit (DRCI), CEDEX 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, CEDEX 63170 Aubiere, France; (L.I.); (D.T.)
- Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), CEDEX 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, CEDEX 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1019, INRAe, UMR 1019, CEDEX 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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13
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Guirado T, Chambonnière C, Chaput JP, Metz L, Thivel D, Duclos M. Effects of Classroom Active Desks on Children and Adolescents' Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Academic Achievements and Overall Health: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18062828. [PMID: 33802133 PMCID: PMC7999033 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the effects of active desks in the school setting on sedentary behavior, physical activity, academic achievements and overall health among children and adolescents aged 5-17 years. A systematic literature search was conducted using five databases until October 2020. Twenty-three studies were included. Studies reported an increase of around 36% in energy expenditure for cycling desks and between 15% and 27.7% for upright active desks. Children increased inhibitory control and selective attention capacity while using cycling desks. A heterogeneous quality of design and of results were observed limiting comparisons and conclusions for each active desk. Despite the lack of strong methodology for the included studies, active desks appear to be a promising intervention in classrooms to improve health-related outcomes in children aged 5-17 years. Due to weak methodology, future studies with stronger study designs and methodology are needed to better inform policy and practice about the role of classroom active desks on health-related outcomes in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Guirado
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, 63170 Aubiere, France; (C.C.); (L.M.); (D.T.)
- Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
- National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +33-473405488
| | - Camille Chambonnière
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, 63170 Aubiere, France; (C.C.); (L.M.); (D.T.)
- Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
- National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada;
| | - Lore Metz
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, 63170 Aubiere, France; (C.C.); (L.M.); (D.T.)
- Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, (AME2P), UE3533, Clermont Auvergne University, 63170 Aubiere, France; (C.C.); (L.M.); (D.T.)
- Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Martine Duclos
- Auvergne Research Center for Human Nutrition (CRNH), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
- National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, G. Montpied Hospital, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
- UFR Médecine, Clermont Auvergne University, BP 10448, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Miguet M, Fearnbach NS, Metz L, Khammassi M, Julian V, Cardenoux C, Pereira B, Boirie Y, Duclos M, Thivel D. Effect of HIIT versus MICT on body composition and energy intake in dietary restrained and unrestrained adolescents with obesity. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 45:437-445. [PMID: 31505120 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been suggested as an effective alternative to traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) that can yield improvements in a variety of health outcomes. Yet, despite the urgent need to find effective strategies for the treatment of pediatric obesity, only a few studies have addressed the impact of HIIT on eating behaviors and body composition in this population. This study aimed to compare the effect of HIIT versus MICT on eating behaviors in adolescents with obesity and to assess if the participants' baseline dietary status is associated with the success of the intervention. Forty-three adolescents with obesity were randomly assigned to a 16-week MICT or HIIT intervention. Body composition and 24-h ad libitum energy intake were assessed at baseline and at the end of the program. Restrained eating, emotional eating, and external eating were assessed using the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire at baseline. Both interventions led to significant weight, body mass index (BMI), and fat mass percentage (FM%) reductions, with better improvements in FM% in the HIIT group; whereas 24-h ad libitum energy intake increased to a similar extent in both groups. HIIT provides better body composition improvements over MICT, despite a similar increase in energy intake. Restrained eaters experienced less weight loss and smaller BMI reduction compared with unrestrained eaters; higher baseline cognitively restrained adolescents showed a greater increase of their ad libitum energy intake. Novelty HIIT favors better body composition improvements compared with MICT. Both MICT and HIIT increased ad libitum energy intake in adolescents with obesity. Weight loss achievement is better among unrestrained eaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Miguet
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, 63171 Aubière, France
| | - Nicole S Fearnbach
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Lore Metz
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, 63171 Aubière, France
| | - Marwa Khammassi
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, 63171 Aubière, France
| | - Valérie Julian
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functionnal Explorations, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
| | - Charlotte Cardenoux
- Childhood Obesity Department, Romagnat Pediatric Medical Center, 63540 Romagnat, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l'Innovation (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
| | - Yves Boirie
- Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU), Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- Centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU), Clermont-Ferrand, 63000, France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions, 63171 Aubière, France
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15
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Le M, Tang LYW, Hernández-Torres E, Jarrett M, Brosch T, Metz L, Li DKB, Traboulsee A, Tam RC, Rauscher A, Wiggermann V. FLAIR 2 improves LesionTOADS automatic segmentation of multiple sclerosis lesions in non-homogenized, multi-center, 2D clinical magnetic resonance images. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 23:101918. [PMID: 31491827 PMCID: PMC6646743 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Accurate segmentation of MS lesions on MRI is difficult and, if performed manually, time consuming. Automatic segmentations rely strongly on the image contrast and signal-to-noise ratio. Literature examining segmentation tool performances in real-world multi-site data acquisition settings is scarce. Objective FLAIR2, a combination of T2-weighted and fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images, improves tissue contrast while suppressing CSF. We compared the use of FLAIR and FLAIR2 in LesionTOADS, OASIS and the lesion segmentation toolbox (LST) when applied to non-homogenized, multi-center 2D-imaging data. Methods Lesions were segmented on 47 MS patient data sets obtained from 34 sites using LesionTOADS, OASIS and LST, and compared to a semi-automatically generated reference. The performance of FLAIR and FLAIR2 was assessed using the relative lesion volume difference (LVD), Dice coefficient (DSC), sensitivity (SEN) and symmetric surface distance (SSD). Performance improvements related to lesion volumes (LVs) were evaluated for all tools. For comparison, LesionTOADS was also used to segment lesions from 3 T single-center MR data of 40 clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) patients. Results Compared to FLAIR, the use of FLAIR2 in LesionTOADS led to improvements of 31.6% (LVD), 14.0% (DSC), 25.1% (SEN), and 47.0% (SSD) in the multi-center study. DSC and SSD significantly improved for larger LVs, while LVD and SEN were enhanced independent of LV. OASIS showed little difference between FLAIR and FLAIR2, likely due to its inherent use of T2w and FLAIR. LST replicated the benefits of FLAIR2 only in part, indicating that further optimization, particularly at low LVs is needed. In the CIS study, LesionTOADS did not benefit from the use of FLAIR2 as the segmentation performance for both FLAIR and FLAIR2 was heterogeneous. Conclusions In this real-world, multi-center experiment, FLAIR2 outperformed FLAIR in its ability to segment MS lesions with LesionTOADS. The computation of FLAIR2 enhanced lesion detection, at minimally increased computational time or cost, even retrospectively. Further work is needed to determine how LesionTOADS and other tools, such as LST, can optimally benefit from the improved FLAIR2 contrast. FLAIR2 improves automatic MS lesion segmentation with LesionTOADS compared to FLAIR. Segmentation similarity improves for higher lesion volumes, particularly for FLAIR2. FLAIR2 provides greater sensitivity independent of lesion volume than FLAIR alone. Other segmentation tools need further optimization to fully benefit from FLAIR2. FLAIR2 provides immediate benefits at 1.5 T and visually improves segmentation at 3 T.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Le
- MS/MRI Research Group (Division of Neurology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - L Y W Tang
- MS/MRI Research Group (Division of Neurology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - E Hernández-Torres
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; UBC MRI Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - M Jarrett
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Population Data BC, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - T Brosch
- MS/MRI Research Group (Division of Neurology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Philips Medical Innovative Technologies, Hamburg, Germany
| | - L Metz
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - D K B Li
- MS/MRI Research Group (Division of Neurology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; UBC MRI Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Traboulsee
- Department of Neurology (Division of Medicine), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - R C Tam
- MS/MRI Research Group (Division of Neurology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A Rauscher
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Canada; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - V Wiggermann
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; UBC MRI Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Tremblay A, Dutheil F, Drapeau V, Metz L, Lesour B, Chapier R, Pereira B, Verney J, Baker JS, Vinet A, Walther G, Obert P, Courteix D, Thivel D. Long-term effects of high-intensity resistance and endurance exercise on plasma leptin and ghrelin in overweight individuals: the RESOLVE Study. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 44:1172-1179. [PMID: 30875481 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of high-intensity resistance and endurance exercise on body composition and plasma leptin and ghrelin concentrations in overweight individuals. One hundred participants were randomly assigned to 3 exercise interventions: high-resistance-low-aerobic exercise (Re), low-resistance-high-aerobic exercise (rE), low-resistance-low-aerobic exercise (re). Interventions began with 3 weeks of residential supervision (phase 1) after which participants had to manage the physical activity programs individually (phase 2). Body composition and plasma variables were measured at baseline and after phase 1 as well as after 3, 6, and 12 months. Significant decreases in body weight and fat were observed after phase 1 (p < 0.001) and continued at a lower rate for up to 3 months and then remained stable for the rest of the protocol. Once a body weight plateau was reached, body fat loss after the Re and rE conditions exceeded the fat loss observed in the re condition by 1.5-2 kg (p < 0.05). Leptin was significantly decreased after day 21 and month 3 (p < 0.001) and remained stable for the rest of the study. Ghrelin was significantly increased after day 21 and month 3 (p < 0.001) and returned to a level comparable to baseline between month 6 and 12 when body weight and fat had reached a plateau. In conclusion, this study reinforces the idea that an increase in exercise intensity may accentuate body fat loss before the occurrence of a body weight plateau. Resistance to further fat loss was accompanied by a decrease in plasma leptin and an increase in plasma ghrelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Tremblay
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G0A 4V0, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, Université Laval, Québec, QC G0A 4V0, Canada
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, WittyFit, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Faculty of Health, School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Vicky Drapeau
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G0A 4V0, Canada.,Department of Physical Education, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Lore Metz
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Lesour
- CHU G. Montpied, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Bruno Pereira
- Clermont-Ferrand University hospital, Biostatistics unit (DRCI), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julien Verney
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julien S Baker
- Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health Sciences, School of Science and Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Hamilton, Lanarkshire G72 0BN, Scotland, UK
| | - Agnes Vinet
- Avignon University LAPEC EA4278, F-84000 Avignon, France
| | | | - Philippe Obert
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G0A 4V0, Canada
| | - Daniel Courteix
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Clermont Auvergne University, EA 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Metz L, Gerbaix M, Guillet C, Walrand S, Boisseau N, Boirie Y, Courteix D. Variabilité de l’expression d’ERβ en fonction de la sensibilité à prendre ou perdre du poids chez le rat Wistar. NUTR CLIN METAB 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2019.01.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Metz L, Thivel D, Peirrera B, Richard R, Julian V, Duclos M. A new equation based on the 6-min walking test to predict VO2peak in women with obesity. Disabil Rehabil 2017; 40:1702-1707. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1304582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lore Metz
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Peirrera
- Biostatistics Unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ruddy Richard
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Exploration, University Hospital CHU G. Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Valérie Julian
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Exploration, University Hospital CHU G. Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Exploration, University Hospital CHU G. Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Thivel D, Genin PM, Mathieu ME, Pereira B, Metz L. Reproducibility of an in-laboratory test meal to assess ad libitum energy intake in adolescents with obesity. Appetite 2016; 105:129-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2016.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Metz L, Masgrau A, Gerbaix M, Guillet C, Walrand S, Boisseau N, Boirie Y, Courteix D. Modulation de l’expression des récepteurs aux œstrogènes dans les tissus insulinosensibles : quel impact de l’adaptation nutritionnelle et de l’exercice ? NUTR CLIN METAB 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2016.09.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Freedman MS, Francis GS, Sanders EACM, Rice GPA, O'Connor P, Comi G, Duquette P, Metz L, Murray TJ, Bouchard JP, Abramsky O, Pelletier J, O'Brien F. Randomized study of once-weekly interferon β-1a therapy in relapsing multiple sclerosis: three-year data from the OWIMS study. Mult Scler 2016; 11:41-5. [PMID: 15732265 DOI: 10.1191/1352458505ms1126oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Background: Once weekly interferon β-1a for multiple sclerosis (OWIMS) demonstrated modest, but significant, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) benefit of once-weekly (qw) interferon (IFN) β-1a at 48 weeks, but no significant effect on relapses. Objective: An OWIMS extension permitted assessment of longer-term efficacy/safety of qw IFN β-1a in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Methods: Placebo patients were rerandomized to IFN β-1a, 22 or 44 mcg qw, for two additional 48-week intervals. Primary outcome was MRI lesion activity. Relapse rate and other MRI measures were secondary outcomes. Results: After three years, median (mean) T2 lesion count/patient/scan was 1.3 (2.6) for 44 mcg, 1.7 (3.3) for 22 mcg, 1.7 (3.4) for placebo/22 mcg, 2.0 (3.6) for placebo/44 mcg (all differences not significant). Annualized relapse rates were lowest for 44 mcg (0.77) versus other groups (0.83-0.86, not significant). Persistent neutralizing antibodies did not affect relapse rates, but MRI active lesions were increased in antibody-positive patients receiving 44 mcg compared to antibody negative patients. Conclusions: In RRMS, once weekly IFN β-1a, particularly 44 mcg, can induce a significant MRI, but not relapse, effect, compared with placebo. No significant dose effect was seen. In contrast to the significant effect observed with three-times-weekly dosing of subcutaneous IFN β-1a compared with placebo, this study confirms the lack of meaningful clinical benefit with once-weekly dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Freedman
- Ottawa Hospital - General Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Metz L, Gerbaix M, Masgrau A, Guillet C, Walrand S, Boisseau N, Boirie Y, Courteix D. Nutritional and exercise interventions variably affect estrogen receptor expression in the adipose tissue of male rats. Nutr Res 2016; 36:280-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Abstract
Although the physiological cost of refereeing has been already studied in the literature, especially in soccer umpires, it remains unknown whether referees spontaneously adapt their energy intake during game days. Six national soccer referees completed 24-hour dietary recalls (assisted by the SU.VI.MAX copybook) during a control day (CON) and a day with a game (GAME). The stress level and hunger feelings were assessed using visual analogue scales. Total energy intake, energy derived from macronutrients and energy intake at each meal were analyzed using the Bilnuts nutrition software. Total daily energy intake was not significantly different between conditions (CON: 2270 ± 535 vs. GAME: 2782 ± 293). Energy derived from fat and protein was not different between conditions but the participants ingested more calories derived from carbohydrates during the GAME day (45.5 ± 5.9% vs. 54.9 ± 5.5%, respectively, p<0.05). The calories ingested during snacking were significantly increased during GAME compared with CON (p<0.05). The stress level was significantly higher during GAME and especially before the breakfast, lunch and snack (p<0.05). Hunger feeling was not different between conditions. Referring leads to nutritional adaptations in elite soccer umpires, who tend to increase their energy intake mainly during snacking, by increasing their carbohydrate consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lore Metz
- Clermont University, Blaise Pascal University, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand, France. ; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Thomas Deleuze
- PERF ARBITRAGE, Blaise Pascal University, Aubière cedex, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, Biostatistics unit (DRCI), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Clermont University, Blaise Pascal University, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont-Ferrand, France. ; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Ennequin G, Boisseau N, Caillaud K, Chavanelle V, Gerbaix M, Metz L, Etienne M, Walrand S, Masgrau A, Guillet C, Courteix D, Niu A, Li YP, Capel F, Sirvent P. Exercise training and return to a well-balanced diet activate the neuregulin 1/ErbB pathway in skeletal muscle of obese rats. J Physiol 2015; 593:2665-77. [PMID: 25820551 DOI: 10.1113/jp270026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Some studies suggest that neuregulin 1 (NRG1) could be involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle energy metabolism in rodents. Here we assessed whether unbalanced diet is associated with alterations of the NRG1 signalling pathway and whether exercise and diet might restore NRG1 signalling in skeletal muscle of obese rats. We show that diet-induced obesity does not impair NRG1 signalling in rat skeletal muscle. We also report that endurance training and a well-balanced diet activate the NRG1 signalling in skeletal muscle of obese rats, possibly via a new mechanism mediated by the protease ADAM17. These results suggest that some beneficial effects of physical activity and diet in obese rats could be partly explained by stimulation of the NRG1 signalling pathway. ABSTRACT Some studies suggest that the signalling pathway of neuregulin 1 (NRG1), a protein involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism, could be altered by nutritional and exercise interventions. We hypothesized that diet-induced obesity could lead to alterations of the NRG1 signalling pathway and that chronic exercise could improve NRG1 signalling in rat skeletal muscle. To test this hypothesis, male Wistar rats received a high fat/high sucrose (HF/HS) diet for 16 weeks. At the end of this period, NRG1 and ErbB expression/activity in skeletal muscle was assessed. The obese rats then continued the HF/HS diet or were switched to a well-balanced diet. Moreover, in both groups, half of the animals also performed low intensity treadmill exercise training. After another 8 weeks, NRG1 and ErbB expression/activity in skeletal muscle were tested again. The 16 week HF/HS diet induced obesity, but did not significantly affect the NRG1/ErbB signalling pathway in rat skeletal muscle. Conversely, after the switch to a well-balanced diet, NRG1 cleavage ratio and ErbB4 amount were increased. Chronic exercise training also promoted NRG1 cleavage, resulting in increased ErbB4 phosphorylation. This result was associated with increased protein expression and phosphorylation ratio of the metalloprotease ADAM17, which is involved in NRG1 shedding. Similarly, in vitro stretch-induced activation of ADAM17 in rat myoblasts induced NRG1 cleavage and ErbB4 activation. These results show that low intensity endurance training and well-balanced diet activate the NRG1-ErbB4 pathway, possibly via the metalloprotease ADAM17, in skeletal muscle of diet-induced obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Ennequin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), BP 80026, F-63171, Aubière Cedex, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
| | - Nathalie Boisseau
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), BP 80026, F-63171, Aubière Cedex, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
| | - Kevin Caillaud
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), BP 80026, F-63171, Aubière Cedex, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
| | - Vivien Chavanelle
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), BP 80026, F-63171, Aubière Cedex, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
| | - Maude Gerbaix
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), BP 80026, F-63171, Aubière Cedex, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
| | - Lore Metz
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), BP 80026, F-63171, Aubière Cedex, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
| | - Monique Etienne
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), BP 80026, F-63171, Aubière Cedex, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
| | - Stéphane Walrand
- CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France.,INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France.,University Clermont 1, UFR Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
| | - Aurélie Masgrau
- CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France.,INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France.,University Clermont 1, UFR Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
| | - Christelle Guillet
- CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France.,INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France.,University Clermont 1, UFR Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
| | - Daniel Courteix
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), BP 80026, F-63171, Aubière Cedex, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
| | - Airu Niu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Centre, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Centre, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Fréderic Capel
- CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France.,INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France.,University Clermont 1, UFR Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
| | - Pascal Sirvent
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), BP 80026, F-63171, Aubière Cedex, France.,CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
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Boisseau N, Isacco L, Metz L, Sirvent P, Lavigne J, Derkaoui S, Penando S, Maillard F. Effect Of High-intensity Intermittent Exercise On Abdominal Fat Mass In Type 2 Diabetes Postmenopausal Women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000477103.90392.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sirvent P, Ennequin G, Caillaud K, Chavanelle V, Gerbaix M, Metz L, Etienne M, Walrand S, Masgrau A, Guillet C, Courteix D, Niu A, Li YP, Capel F, Boisseau N. Exercise Training Combined With A Well-balanced Diet Activates Nrg1 Pathway In Gastrocnemius Of Obese Rats. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000477558.97412.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Brink-Elfegoun T, Ratel S, Leprêtre PM, Metz L, Ennequin G, Doré E, Martin V, Bishop D, Aubineau N, Lescuyer JF, Duclos M, Sirvent P, Peltier SL. Effects of sports drinks on the maintenance of physical performance during 3 tennis matches: a randomized controlled study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2014; 11:46. [PMID: 25302057 PMCID: PMC4190931 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-014-0046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tennis tournaments often involve playing several consecutive matches interspersed with short periods of recovery. Objective The objective of this study was firstly to assess the impact of several successive tennis matches on the physical performance of competitive players and secondly to evaluate the potential of sports drinks to minimize the fatigue induced by repeated matches. Methods This was a crossover, randomized controlled study. Eight male regionally-ranked tennis players participated in this study. Players underwent a series of physical tests to assess their strength, speed, power and endurance following the completion of three tennis matches each of two hours duration played over three consecutive half-days (1.5 day period for each condition). In the first condition the players consumed a sports drink before, during and after each match; in the second, they drank an identical volume of placebo water. The results obtained were compared with the third ‘rest’ condition in which the subjects did not play any tennis. Main outcomes measured were maximal isometric strength and fatigability of knee and elbow extensors, 20-m sprint speed, jumping height, specific repeated sprint ability test and hand grip strength. Results The physical test results for the lower limbs showed no significant differences between the three conditions. Conversely, on the upper limbs the EMG data showed greater fatigue of the triceps brachii in the placebo condition compared to the rest condition, while the ingestion of sports drinks attenuated this fatigue. Conclusions This study has demonstrated for the first time that, when tennis players are adequately hydrated and ingest balanced meals between matches, then no large drop in physical performance is observed even during consecutive competitive matches. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01353872.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Brink-Elfegoun
- Division of Sport Medicine and Biology of Physical Activity, University of Athens Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Antistasis 41, Athens, 17237, Dafni, Greece
| | - Sébastien Ratel
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Bâtiment Biologie B, 24 avenue des Landais, Aubière Cedex, F-63171, France ; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63001, France
| | - Pierre-Marie Leprêtre
- Laboratoire de Recherche Adaptations Physiologiques à l'Exercice et Réadaptation à l'Effort, EA-3300, Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Lore Metz
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Bâtiment Biologie B, 24 avenue des Landais, Aubière Cedex, F-63171, France ; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63001, France
| | - Gael Ennequin
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Bâtiment Biologie B, 24 avenue des Landais, Aubière Cedex, F-63171, France ; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63001, France
| | - Eric Doré
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Bâtiment Biologie B, 24 avenue des Landais, Aubière Cedex, F-63171, France ; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63001, France
| | - Vincent Martin
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Bâtiment Biologie B, 24 avenue des Landais, Aubière Cedex, F-63171, France ; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63001, France
| | - David Bishop
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia ; College of Sport and Exercise Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nicolas Aubineau
- Department of Research, Laboratoire Lescuyer, Nutratletic, Aytré, France
| | | | - Martine Duclos
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University-Hospital (CHU), G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand F-63003, France ; INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand F-63001, France ; University Clermont 1, UFR Médecine, Clermont-Ferrand F-63001, France ; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63001, France
| | - Pascal Sirvent
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Bâtiment Biologie B, 24 avenue des Landais, Aubière Cedex, F-63171, France ; CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand F-63001, France
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Abstract
Objectives Our objective in this article is to test the hypothesis that
type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a factor in the onset and progression
of osteoarthritis, and to characterise the quality of the articular
cartilage in an appropriate rat model. Methods T2DM rats were obtained from the UC Davis group and compared
with control Lewis rats. The diabetic rats were sacrificed at ages
from six to 12 months, while control rats were sacrificed at six
months only. Osteoarthritis severity was determined via histology
in four knee quadrants using the OARSI scoring guide. Immunohistochemical
staining was also performed as a secondary form of osteoarthritic
analysis. Results T2DM rats had higher mean osteoarthritis scores than the control
rats in each of the four areas that were analysed. However, only
the results at the medial and lateral femur and medial tibia were
significant. Cysts were also found in T2DM rats at the junction
of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Immunohistochemical
analysis does not show an increase in collagen II between control
and T2DM rats. Mass comparisons also showed a significant relationship
between mass and osteoarthritis score. Conclusions T2DM was found to cause global degeneration in the UCD rat knee
joints, suggesting that diabetes itself is a factor in the onset
and progression of osteoarthritis. The immunohistochemistry stains
showed little to no change in collagen II degeneration between T2DM
and control rats. Overall, it seems that the animal model used is
pertinent to future studies of T2DM in the development and progression
of osteoarthritis. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2014;3:203–11
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Affiliation(s)
- T Onur
- University of California, 4150 Clement Street Surgery 112, San Francisco, California 94121, USA
| | - R Wu
- University of California, 4150 Clement Street Surgery 112, San Francisco, California 94121, USA
| | - L Metz
- University of California, 500 Parnassus Ave MU320w, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
| | - A Dang
- University of California, 4150 Clement Street Surgery 112, San Francisco, California 94121, USA
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Thivel D, Aucouturier J, Metz L, Morio B, Duché P. Is there spontaneous energy expenditure compensation in response to intensive exercise in obese youth? Pediatr Obes 2014; 9:147-54. [PMID: 23447495 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2013.00148.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is mainly used in weight control strategies to favour energy expenditure. Some evidence suggests that exercise might not have the expected impact on energy balance, and may actually cause a decrease in the subsequent physical activity energy expenditure. OBJECTIVE To question the impact of an acute exercise session of varying intensities on daily energy expenditure in lean and obese adolescents. METHODS Data from three separate studies conducted in lean and obese 12-15 years old adolescents (study 1: 12 obese; study 2: 10 obese and nine lean; study 3: 15 obese) have been used. Daily energy expenditure (DEE) was assessed in studies 1 and 2 during an exercise condition with an exercise bout at 70%VO(2max) (EX) and a rest day (REST) (using Actiheart and Armbands, respectively). In study 3, DEE was assessed in calorimetric chambers during (i) a high intensity exercise condition (HIE - 75%VO(2max)) and (ji) a condition with a low intensity exercise (LIE - 40%VO(2max)) and (iii) a rest condition (REST). RESULTS Morning energy expenditure was significantly higher during the exercise conditions whatever the intensity compared with rest. Afternoon energy expenditure was significantly lower following HIE compared to the rest condition in studies 2 and 3. Afternoon energy expenditure was not significantly different between LIE and REST in study 2. Total DEE was not significantly different between conditions in the three studies. CONCLUSION Obese adolescents seem to show a compensatory response to an acute session of HIE (>70%VO(2max)) by decreasing their following physical activity energy expenditure. Although HIE favours body composition, physical fitness and metabolic profile improvements, this induced compensatory energy expenditure response has to be considered to optimize its effect on weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Thivel
- Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont University, Blaise Pascal University, Aubière cedex, France
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Peltier SL, Leprêtre PM, Metz L, Ennequin G, Aubineau N, Lescuyer JF, Duclos M, Brink T, Sirvent P. Effects of Pre-exercise, Endurance, and Recovery Designer Sports Drinks on Performance During Tennis Tournament Simulation. J Strength Cond Res 2013; 27:3076-83. [PMID: 23439345 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0b013e31828a4745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien L Peltier
- 1Department of Research, Laboratoire Lescuyer, Nutratletic, Aytre', France; 2Laboratory APERE, EA-3300, UFR-STAPS, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France; 3Laboratory AME2P, EA-3533, Clermont University, University of Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France; 4Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University-Hospital (CHU), G. Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France; 5INRA, UMR 1019, Clermont-Ferrand, France; 6University Clermont 1, Medecine UFR, Clermont-Ferrand, France; 7CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; and 8Division of Sport Medicine and Biology of Physical Activity, University of Athens Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Athens, Greece
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Kang H, Metz LM, Traboulsee AL, Eliasziw M, Zhao GJ, Cheng Y, Zhao Y, Li DKB, Traboulsee A, Li D, Riddehough A, Cheng Y, Lam K, Lee A, Zhao GJ, Vorobeychik G, Metz L, Yeung M, Yong VW, Hill M, Cerchiaro G, Ma C, Topor T, Blevins G, Marriott J, Kremenchutzky M, Freedman M, Lee L, Duquette P, Antel J, Grand’Maison F, Thibault M, Bhan V, Eliasziw M. Application and a proposed modification of the 2010 McDonald criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in a Canadian cohort of patients with clinically isolated syndromes. Mult Scler 2013; 20:458-63. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458513501230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The 2005 and 2010 McDonald criteria utilize magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to provide evidence of disease dissemination in space (DIS) and time (DIT) for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) in patients who have clinically isolated syndromes (CIS). Methods: Data from 109 CIS patients not satisfying the 2005 criteria at entry into a randomized controlled minocycline trial were analyzed to determine the proportion who would have been diagnosed with MS at screening based on 2010 criteria. The impact of including symptomatic, as well as asymptomatic, MRI lesions to confirm DIT was also explored. Results: Thirty percent (33/109) of patients, retrospectively, met the 2010 criteria for a diagnosis of MS at baseline. When both symptomatic and asymptomatic lesions were used to confirm DIT, three additional patients met the 2010 criteria. There was a significant 10.1% increase in the proportion of patients who met the 2010 DIS criteria, compared with the 2005 DIS criteria; however, two patients satisfied the 2005 DIS but not 2010 DIS criteria. Conclusion: Using 2010 McDonald criteria, 30% of the CIS patients could be diagnosed with MS using a single MRI scan. Inclusion of symptomatic lesions in the DIT criteria further increases this proportion to 33%.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kang
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia (UBC), Canada
| | - LM Metz
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - AL Traboulsee
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Canada
- UBC MS/MRI Research Group, Canada
| | - M Eliasziw
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University, USA
| | - GJ Zhao
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Canada
- UBC MS/MRI Research Group, Canada
| | - Y Cheng
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia (UBC), Canada
- UBC MS/MRI Research Group, Canada
| | - Y Zhao
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Canada
- UBC MS/MRI Research Group, Canada
| | - DKB Li
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia (UBC), Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Canada
- UBC MS/MRI Research Group, Canada
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Gerbaix M, Metz L, Mac-Way F, Lavet C, Guillet C, Walrand S, Masgrau A, Vico L, Courteix D. A well-balanced diet combined or not with exercise induces fat mass loss without any decrease of bone mass despite bone micro-architecture alterations in obese rat. Bone 2013; 53:382-90. [PMID: 23318975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The association of a well-balanced diet with exercise is a key strategy to treat obesity. However, weight loss is linked to an accelerated bone loss. Furthermore, exercise is known to induce beneficial effects on bone. We investigated the impact of a well-balanced isoenergetic reducing diet (WBR) and exercise on bone tissue in obese rats. Sixty male rats had previously been fed with a high fat/high sucrose diet (HF/HS) for 4months to induce obesity. Then, 4 regimens were initiated for 2months: HF/HS diet plus exercise (treadmill: 50min/day, 5days/week), WBR diet plus exercise, HF/HS diet plus inactivity and WBR diet plus inactivity. Body composition and total BMD were assessed using DXA and visceral fat mass was weighed. Tibia densitometry was assessed by Piximus. Bone histomorphometry was performed on the proximal metaphysis of tibia and on L2 vertebrae (L2). Trabecular micro-architectural parameters were measured on tibia and L2 by 3D microtomography. Plasma concentration of osteocalcin and CTX were measured. Both WBR diet and exercise had decreased global weight, global fat and visceral fat mass (p<0.05). The WBR diet alone failed to alter total and tibia bone mass and BMD. However, Tb.Th, bone volume density and degree of anisotropy of tibia were decreased by the WBR diet (p<0.05). Moreover, the WBR diet had involved a significant lower MS/BS and BFR/BS in L2 (p<0.05). Exercise had significantly improved BMD of the tibia possibly by inhibiting the bone resorption, as evidenced by no change in plasma osteocalcin levels, a decrease of CTX levels (p<0.005) and trabecular osteoclast number (p<0.05). In the present study a diet inducing weight and fat mass losses did not affected bone mass and BMD of obese rats despite alterations of their bone micro-architecture. The moderate intensity exercise performed had improved the tibia BMD of obese rats without any trabecular and cortical adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude Gerbaix
- Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), BP 80026, F-63171 Aubière Cedex, France.
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Masgrau A, Mishellany-Dutour A, Murakami H, Beaufrère AM, Walrand S, Giraudet C, Migné C, Gerbaix M, Metz L, Courteix D, Guillet C, Boirie Y. Time-course changes of muscle protein synthesis associated with obesity-induced lipotoxicity. J Physiol 2012; 590:5199-210. [PMID: 22802586 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.238576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The object of the study was to investigate the sequential changes of protein synthesis in skeletal muscle during establishment of obesity, considering muscle typology. Adult Wistar rats were fed a standard diet for 16 weeks (C; n = 14), or a high-fat, high-sucrose diet for 16 (HF16; n = 14) or 24 weeks (HF24; n = 15). Body composition was measured using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner. The fractional synthesis rates (FSRs) of muscle protein fractions were calculated in tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus muscles by incorporation of l-13C-valine in muscle protein. Muscle lipid and mitochondria contents were determined using histochemical analysis. Obesity occurred in an initial phase, from 1 to 16 weeks, with an increase in weight (P < 0.05), fat mass (P < 0.001), muscle mass (P < 0.001) and FSR in TA (actin: 5.3 ± 0.2 vs. 8.8 ± 0.5% day−1, C vs. HF16, P < 0.001) compared with standard diet. The second phase, from 16 to 24 weeks, was associated with a weight stabilization, a decrease in muscle mass (P < 0.05) and a decrease in FSR in TA (mitochondrial: 5.6 ± 0.2 vs. 4.2 ± 0.4% day−1, HF16 vs. HF24, P < 0.01) compared with HF16 group. Muscle lipid content was increased in TA in the second phase of obesity development (P < 0.001). Muscle mass, lipid infiltration and muscle protein synthesis were differently affected, depending on the stage of obesity development and muscle typology. Chronic lipid infiltration in glycolytic muscle is concomitant with a reduction of muscle protein synthesis, suggesting that muscle lipid infiltration in response to a high-fat diet is deleterious for the incorporation of amino acid in skeletal muscle proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Masgrau
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Gerbaix M, Metz L, Mac-Way F, Lavet C, Guillet C, Walrand S, Masgrau A, Linossier MT, Vico L, Courteix D. Impact of an obesogenic diet program on bone densitometry, micro architecture and metabolism in male rat. Lipids Health Dis 2012; 11:91. [PMID: 22781503 PMCID: PMC3439365 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-11-91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationships between fat mass and bone tissue are complex and not fully elucidated. A high-fat/high-sucrose diet has been shown to induce harmful effects on bone micro architecture and bone biomechanics of rat. When such diet leads to obesity, it may induce an improvement of biomechanical bone parameters in rodent.Here, we examined the impact of a high-fat/high-sucrose diet on the body composition and its resulting effects on bone density and structure in male rats. Forty three Wistar rats aged 7 months were split into 3 groups: 1 sacrificed before diet (BD, n = 14); 1 subjected to 16 weeks of high-fat/high-sucrose diet (HF/HS, n = 14); 1 subjected to standard diet (Control, n = 15). Abdominal circumference and insulin sensitivity were measured and visceral fat mass was weighed. The bone mineral density (BMD) was analyzed at the whole body and tibia by densitometry. Microcomputed tomography and histomorphometric analysis were performed at L2 vertebrae and tibia to study the trabecular and cortical bone structures and the bone cell activities. Osteocalcin and CTX levels were performed to assess the relative balance of the bone formation and resorption. Differences between groups have been tested with an ANOVA with subsequent Scheffe post-hoc test. An ANCOVA with global mass and global fat as covariates was used to determine the potential implication of the resulting mechanical loading on bone. RESULTS The HF/HS group had higher body mass, fat masses and abdominal circumference and developed an impaired glucose tolerance (p < 0.001). Whole body bone mass (p < 0.001) and BMD (p < 0.05) were higher in HF/HS group vs. Control group. The trabecular thickness at vertebrae and the cortical porosity of tibia were improved (p < 0.05) in HF/HS group. Bone formation was predominant in HF/HS group while an unbalance bone favoring bone resorption was observed in the controls. The HF/HS and Control groups had higher total and abdominal fat masses and altered bone parameters vs. BD group. CONCLUSIONS The HF/HS diet had induced obesity and impaired glucose tolerance. These changes resulted in an improvement of quantitative, qualitative and metabolic bone parameters. The fat mass increase partly explained these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude Gerbaix
- Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques, Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, BP 80026, F-63171, Aubière Cedex, France.
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Gerbaix M, Metz L, Ringot E, Courteix D. Visceral fat mass determination in rodent: validation of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and anthropometric techniques in fat and lean rats. Lipids Health Dis 2010; 9:140. [PMID: 21143884 PMCID: PMC3014952 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-9-140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Because abdominal obesity is predisposed to various metabolic disorders, it is of major importance to assess and track the changes with time of this specific fat mass. The main issue for clinicians or researchers is to use techniques for assessing abdominal fat deposition and its accumulation or changes over time, without sacrificing of experimental subjects. In the rat, techniques to investigate in-vivo visceral fat mass are lacking. The purpose of the study was to validate indirect Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry technique and abdominal circumference measurement as tools to predict visceral adipose tissue in rats. Forty-three Wistar male rats from different body weight, fat mass and ages were included in the study. Visceral fat mass was assessed by weighing the total perirenal and peri-epididymal adipose tissues after dissection. Statistical methods were used to discriminate the best region of interest allowing the in-vivo measure of Central Fat Mass by DXA. Abdominal circumference was measured at the same time as the DXA scan. Results A region of interest including Central Fat Mass from the whole body DXA scan (extending from L2 to L5 vertebrae), correlated strongly with ex-vivo Fat Mass (r = 0.94, p < 0.001). Abdominal circumference correlated significantly with ex-vivo Fat Mass (r = 0.82, p < 0.001) and Central Fat Mass (0.90, p < 0.001) in the whole group of rats. When dividing the whole group into lean and fat rats, correlations remained significant between Central Fat Mass and ex-vivo Fat Mass but disappeared for the lean group between abdominal circumference and ex-vivo Fat Mass. Conclusions This study validates the Central Fat Mass determined by DXA as a non-sacrificial technique to assess visceral fat for in-vivo investigations in rats. The abdominal circumference measure appears useful in studying overweight or obese rats. These two techniques could be convenient tools in follow-up and longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude Gerbaix
- Laboratoire de Biologie des APS, EA 3533, PRES Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, 24 Avenue des Landais, BP 80026, 63177 Aubière Cedex, France.
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Aguer C, Mercier J, Man CYW, Metz L, Bordenave S, Lambert K, Jean E, Lantier L, Bounoua L, Brun JF, Raynaud de Mauverger E, Andreelli F, Foretz M, Kitzmann M. Intramyocellular lipid accumulation is associated with permanent relocation ex vivo and in vitro of fatty acid translocase (FAT)/CD36 in obese patients. Diabetologia 2010; 53:1151-63. [PMID: 20333349 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1708-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) accumulation is a classical feature of metabolic diseases. We hypothesised that IMCL accumulate mainly as a consequence of increased adiposity and independently of type 2 diabetes. To test this, we examined IMCL accumulation in two different models and four different populations of participants: muscle biopsies and primary human muscle cells derived from non-obese and obese participants with or without type 2 diabetes. The mechanism regulating IMCL accumulation was also studied. METHODS Muscle biopsies were obtained from ten non-obese and seven obese participants without type 2 diabetes, and from eight non-obese and eight obese type 2 diabetic patients. Mitochondrial respiration, citrate synthase activity and both AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation were measured in muscle tissue. Lipid accumulation in muscle and primary myotubes was estimated by Oil Red O staining and fatty acid translocase (FAT)/CD36 localisation by immunofluorescence. RESULTS Obesity and type 2 diabetes are independently characterised by skeletal muscle IMCL accumulation and permanent FAT/CD36 relocation. Mitochondrial function is not reduced in type 2 diabetes. IMCL accumulation was independent of type 2 diabetes in cultured myotubes and was correlated with obesity markers of the donor. In obese participants, membrane relocation of FAT/CD36 is a determinant of IMCL accumulation. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION In skeletal muscle, mitochondrial function is normal in type 2 diabetes, while IMCL accumulation is dependent upon obesity or type 2 diabetes and is related to sarcolemmal FAT/CD36 relocation. In cultured myotubes, IMCL content and FAT/CD36 relocation are independent of type 2 diabetes, suggesting that distinct factors in obesity and type 2 diabetes contribute to permanent FAT/CD36 relocation ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Aguer
- INSERM, ERI25 Muscle et pathologies, Hôpital A. de Villeneuve, Bâtiment Crastes de Paulet, Avenue du Doyen G. Giraud, Montpellier F-34295, France
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Giovannoni G, Barbarash O, Casset-Semanaz F, King J, Metz L, Pardo G, Simsarian J, Sørensen PS, Stubinski B. Safety and immunogenicity of a new formulation of interferon beta-1a (Rebif New Formulation) in a Phase IIIb study in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis: 96-week results. Mult Scler 2008; 15:219-28. [PMID: 18755819 DOI: 10.1177/1352458508097299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A new formulation of subcutaneous (s.c.) interferon-beta-1a has been developed (Rebif New Formulation, RNF), produced without fetal bovine serum and without human serum albumin as an excipient, with the aim of improving injection tolerability, and reducing immunogenicity. OBJECTIVES This article reports 96-week analyses of a Phase IIIb, open-label study of the safety and immunogenicity of RNF compared with historical (EVIDENCE study) and recent (REGARD study) data on the original formulation. METHODS Patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (McDonald criteria) and an Expanded Disability Status Scale score < 6.0 received RNF, 44 microg s.c. three times weekly. RESULTS The proportion of neutralizing antibody-positive (NAb+) patients (serum NAb status >or=20 neutralizing units/mL) at week 96 (last observation carried forward; primary endpoint) was 17.4% (exact 95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.0-22.5), compared with 21.4% (95% CI: 17.2-26.2) in the EVIDENCE study, and 27.3% (95% CI: 22.8-32.1) in the REGARD study. The proportion of patients NAb+ at any time during the 96 weeks was 18.9% (95% CI: 14.4-24.2), compared with 27.1% (95% CI: 22.4-32.2) and 33.7% (95% CI: 28.9-38.7), respectively. Most pre-specified categories of adverse events were reported by patients in the RNF study at a similar or lower proportion than in the EVIDENCE and REGARD studies. Injection-site reactions were experienced by fewer patients than in the EVIDENCE and REGARD studies. CONCLUSIONS RNF has improved overall immunogenicity and safety profiles compared with the original formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Giovannoni
- Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.
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Metz L, Mercier J, Tremblay A, Alméras N, Joanisse DR. Effect of weight loss on lactate transporter expression in skeletal muscle of obese subjects. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2008; 104:633-8. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00681.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of weight loss on skeletal muscle lactate transporter [monocarboxylate transporter (MCT)] expression in obese subjects were investigated to better understand how lactate transporter metabolism is regulated in insulin-resistant states. Ten obese subjects underwent non-macronutrient-specific energy restriction for 15 wk. Anthropometric measurements and a needle biopsy of the vastus lateralis muscle before and after the weight loss program were performed. Enzymatic activity, fiber type distribution, and skeletal muscle MCT protein expression were measured. Muscle from nonobese control subjects was used for comparison of MCT levels. The program induced a weight loss of 9.2 ± 1.6 kg. Compared with controls, muscle from obese subjects showed a strong tendency ( P = 0.06) for elevated MCT4 expression (+69%) before the weight loss program. MCT4 expression decreased (−7%) following weight loss to reach levels that were not statistically different from control levels. There were no differences in MCT1 expression between controls and obese subjects before and after weight loss. A highly predictive regression model ( R2= 0.93), including waist circumference, citrate synthase activity, and percentage of type 1 fibers, was found to explain the highly variable MCT1 response to weight loss in the obese group. Therefore, in obesity, MCT1 expression appears linked both to changes in oxidative parameters and to changes in visceral adipose tissue content. The strong tendency for elevated expression of muscle MCT4 could reflect the need to release greater amounts of muscle lactate in the obese state, a situation that would be normalized with weight loss as indicated by decreased MCT4 levels.
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Metz L, Sirvent P, Py G, Brun JF, Fédou C, Raynaud E, Mercier J. Relationship between blood lactate concentration and substrate utilization during exercise in type 2 diabetic postmenopausal women. Metabolism 2005; 54:1102-7. [PMID: 16092062 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2005.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Increased blood lactate concentration and alterations of substrate utilization have been shown to be partly involved in development of insulin resistance in obese and type 2 diabetic patients. As blood represents the first great distribution space and participates to lactate exchange in whole body, we investigated lactate transport in red blood cells at rest and the potential relationships between elevated blood lactate and substrate utilization in 7 obese controls and 7 obese type 2 diabetic postmenopausal women during an incremental exercise test. Blood samples were collected at rest, 30%, 50%, and 60% of maximal power and at 8 and 20 minutes of recovery time. Baseline lactatemia and its increase during exercise were higher in the diabetic group (P < .05). We found a negative correlation between basal and 30% maximal power lactatemia and 2 indexes of substrate utilization (crossover point: r = -0.79, r = -0.82 and maximal lipid oxidation point: r = -0.83, r = -0.80; P < .05) in diabetic group only. Furthermore, there were positive correlations between the affinity constant, maximal velocity transport, and basal lactate level in diabetic subjects (r = 0.91 and r = 0.73, respectively; P < .05). These results show that the elevation of blood lactate is associated with a greater carbohydrate oxidation in type 2 diabetes, but the mechanisms underlying the alteration of substrate utilization need to be clarified. Furthermore, increased lactate levels cannot be explained by alterations of lactate transport in red blood cells, but it could affect monocarboxylate transporter 1 properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lore Metz
- Département de physiologie des Interactions EA 701 Muscles et Pathologies Chroniques, Institut de biologie, CS 89508, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France.
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Metz L, Vermaelen M, Lambert K, Broca C, Sirvent P, Raynaud E, Mercier J. Endurance training increases lactate transport in male Zucker fa/fa rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 331:1338-45. [PMID: 15883022 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of endurance training (10 weeks) on previously reported alterations of lactate exchange in obese Zucker fa/fa rats. We used sarcolemmal vesicles to measure lactate transport capacity in control sedentary rats, Zucker (fa/fa), and endurance trained Zucker (fa/fa) rats. Monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) 1 and 4 content was measured in sarcolemmal vesicles and skeletal muscle. Training increased citrate synthase activity in soleus and in red tibialis anterior, and improved insulin sensitivity measured by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. Endurance training increased lactate influx in sarcolemmal vesicles at 1 mM of external lactate concentration and increased MCT1 expression on sarcolemmal vesicles. Furthermore, muscular lactate level was significantly decreased after training in red tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus. This study shows that endurance training improves impairment of lactate transport capacity that is found in insulin resistance state like obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lore Metz
- Département de Physiologie des Interactions, EA 701 Muscles et Pathologies chroniques, Institut de biologie, CS 89508, 34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France.
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O'Connor PW, Goodman A, Willmer-Hulme AJ, Libonati MA, Metz L, Murray RS, Sheremata WA, Vollmer TL, Stone LA. Randomized multicenter trial of natalizumab in acute MS relapses: Clinical and MRI effects. Neurology 2004; 62:2038-43. [PMID: 15184611 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000128136.79044.d6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relapses in multiple sclerosis (MS) can cause significant neurologic disability. Natalizumab (Antegren) is a humanized anti-alpha4-integrin antibody that inhibits the trafficking of leukocytes across endothelium by blocking binding of alpha4beta1-integrin to vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of a single dose of IV natalizumab administered soon after the onset of MS relapses. METHODS In this randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial, the effects of a single dose of IV natalizumab administered soon after the onset of MS relapses were assessed. MS patients (n = 180) in acute relapse were randomly assigned to receive a single dose of natalizumab 1 or 3 mg/kg or placebo and were followed for 14 weeks. RESULTS There was no difference in Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score change over time between treatment and placebo groups. In all three groups, approximately half of patients showed EDSS improvement after 2 weeks, rising to 67% by 8 weeks. EDSS improved by a mean value of 0.8 point at week 1, 1.2 points at week 4, and 1.6 points at week 8 in the natalizumab group compared with EDSS improvement of 1.0 point at week 1, 1.6 points at week 4, and 1.6 points at week 8 in the placebo group. A significant decrease in Gd-enhancing lesion volume was seen in both active treatment groups at weeks 1 and 3 compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS A single dose of IV natalizumab did not hasten clinical recovery after relapse, although a significant decrease in Gd-enhancing lesion volume was observed at 1 and 3 weeks after treatment. These MRI findings are consistent with prior studies of natalizumab and support its further investigation as an agent for the treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W O'Connor
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Bonfil RD, Gonzalez AD, Siguelboim D, Cuello Carrion FD, Ciocca DR, Villaronga A, Metz L, Mosso F, Fayad E, Reale M, Schmilovich AJ. Immunohistochemical analysis of Ki-67, p21waf1/cip1 and apoptosis in marker lesions from patients with superficial bladder tumours treated with vinorelbine intravesical therapy in a preliminary phase I trial. BJU Int 2001; 88:425-31. [PMID: 11564034 DOI: 10.1046/j.1464-410x.2001.02340.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate Ki-67 and p21Waf1/Cip1 expression and apoptosis, before and after treatment, in tumour biopsies obtained from patients with superficial bladder cancer who underwent vinorelbine intravesical therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty patients with high-risk superficial bladder cancer (including one or more of the following parameters: tumour diameter > 3 cm, histological grade 3, or multicentric tumours) were treated 1-6 times (weekly) with intravesical vinorelbine (50 mg/mL) instillations. Transurethral tumour marker biopsies were obtained one week before the first instillation of the drug and one week after the last. The biopsies were immunostained for Ki-67 and p21Waf1/Cip1 with monoclonal antibodies, on tissue sections derived from paraffin-embedded samples obtained before and after vinorelbine treatments. In addition, apoptosis was determined using a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick-end labelling (TUNEL) technique. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the cell proliferation marker Ki-67 in biopsies taken before or after treatment. However, p21Waf1/Cip1 showed significantly higher expression in biopsies obtained after vinorelbine treatment, with median (range) values of 40 (20-90)% before and 70 (50-80)% after (P < 0.001, paired nonparametric Wilcoxon test). The apoptotic index was significantly higher after vinorelbine therapy, with median (range) values of 0.89 (0.06-3.8)% before and 2.25 (0.17-18.7)% after treatment (P < 0.001, paired nonparametric Wilcoxon test). Despite the brief treatment and few patients there was a clinical response in nine patients, together with low toxicity in all. CONCLUSION The intravesical treatment of tumours with vinorelbine affects p21Waf1/Cip1 expression without blocking cell proliferation, although increasing apoptosis. The preliminary results suggest that vinorelbine may be useful for treating superficial bladder tumours, and thus a phase II study is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Bonfil
- Laboratory of Fundación de Investigación del Cáncer at CEFYBO, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Dyment DA, Willer CJ, Scott B, Armstrong H, Ligers A, Hillert J, Paty DW, Hashimoto S, Devonshire V, Hooge J, Kastrukoff L, Oger J, Metz L, Warren S, Hader W, Power C, Auty A, Nath A, Nelson R, Freedman M, Brunet D, Paulseth JE, Rice G, O'Connor P, Duquette P, Lapierre Y, Francis G, Bouchard JP, Murray TJ, Bhan V, Maxner C, Pryse-Phillips W, Stefanelli M, Sadovnick AD, Risch N, Ebers GC. Genetic susceptibility to MS: a second stage analysis in Canadian MS families. Neurogenetics 2001; 3:145-51. [PMID: 11523565 DOI: 10.1007/s100480100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Four published genome screens have identified a number of markers with increased sharing in multiple sclerosis (MS) families, although none has reached statistical significance. One hundred and five markers previously identified as showing increased sharing in Canadian, British, Finnish, and American genome screens were genotyped in 219 sibling pairs ascertained from the database of the Canadian Collaborative Project on Genetic Susceptibility to MS (CCPGSMS). No markers examined met criteria for significant linkage. Markers located at 5p14 and 17q22 were analyzed in a total of 333 sibling pairs and attained mlod scores of 2.27 and 1.14, respectively. The known HLA Class II DRB1 association with MS was confirmed (P<0.0001). Significant transmission disequilibrium was also observed for D17S789 at 17q22 (P=0.0015). This study highlights the difficulty of searching for genes with only mild-to-moderate effects on susceptibility, although large effects of specific loci may still be present in individual families. Future progress in the genetics of this complex trait may be helped by (1) focussing on more ethnically homogeneous samples, (2) using an increased number of MS families, and (3) using transmission disequilibrium analysis in candidate regions rather than the affected relative pair linkage analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Dyment
- The Wellcome Trust Center for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
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Gibson SL, Havens JJ, Metz L, Hilf R. Is delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase rate limiting in heme biosynthesis following exposure of cells to delta-aminolevulinic acid? Photochem Photobiol 2001; 73:312-7. [PMID: 11281029 DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2001)073<0312:iaadrl>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the regulation and control of heme/porphyrin biosynthesis is critical for the optimization of the delta-aminolevulinic-acid (ALA)-mediated photodynamic therapy of cancer, in which endogenously produced protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) is the photosensitizer. The human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, the rat mammary adenocarcinoma cell line R3230AC, the mouse mammary tumor cell line EMT-6 and the human mesothelioma cell line H-MESO-1 were used to study ALA-induced PPIX levels and their relationship to delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) activity in vitro. Incubation of these cell lines with 0.5 mM ALA for 3 h resulted in a significant increase in PPIX accumulation, compared with control cells, but there was no significant change in ALA-D activity. Exposure of cells incubated with ALA to 30 mJ/cm2 of fluorescent light, a dose that would cause a 50% reduction in cell proliferation, did not significantly alter the activity of ALA-D. Increasing the activity of porphobilinogen deaminase (PBGD), the enzyme immediately subsequent to ALA-D, by four- to seven-fold via transfection of cells with PBGD complementary DNA did not alter the activity of ALA-D. However, incubation of cells with various concentrations of succinyl acetone, a potent inhibitor of ALA-D, caused a concomitant decline in both PPIX accumulation and ALA-D activity. These data imply that when cells are exposed to exogenous ALA, ALA-D is an important early-control step in heme/porphyrin biosynthesis and that regulation of PPIX synthesis by this dehydratase may impact the effectiveness of ALA-mediated photosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Gibson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Box 712, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Scott
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Foothills Hospital, University of Calgary and Multiple Sclerosis Program, Alberta, Canada
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Ward A, Metz L, Oddone EZ, Edelman D. Foot education improves knowledge and satisfaction among patients at high risk for diabetic foot ulcer. Diabetes Educ 1999; 25:560-7. [PMID: 10614260 DOI: 10.1177/014572179902500408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate an intensive diabetes foot education program for veterans at high risk for foot ulcer. METHODS We invited 100 consecutive patients with diabetes from a Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center clinic who were insensate to the Semmes-Weinstein 5.07 monofilament to participate in a foot care education program. Two sessions were conducted by a nurse diabetes educator 3 months apart. Multiple educational approaches were used to teach patients foot self-examination, foot washing, proper footwear, and encouragement in enlisting proper physician foot care. Knowledge and satisfaction with care was measured before and after each visit. RESULTS The 34 patients who attended both education sessions improved their foot care knowledge over the course of the program. After the second session, the mean improvement over baseline was 14%. These patients also reported improved satisfaction with foot care; mean improvement was 33%. CONCLUSIONS An intensive education program improved the foot care knowledge and behavior of high-risk patients. Those who adhered to a foot care education program were more satisfied with their foot care than prior to the program. Ways to improve accessibility of education sessions must be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ward
- The Center for Health Services Re search in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and the Division of General Internal Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - L Metz
- The Center for Health Services Re search in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and the Division of General Internal Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - E Z Oddone
- The Center for Health Services Re search in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and the Division of General Internal Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - D Edelman
- The Center for Health Services Re search in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and the Division of General Internal Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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