1
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Chapman CA, Fernandez-Patel S, Jahan N, Cuttaz EA, Novikov A, Goding JA, Green RA. Controlled electroactive release from solid-state conductive elastomer electrodes. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100883. [PMID: 38144517 PMCID: PMC10746364 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This work highlights the development of a conductive elastomer (CE) based electrophoretic platform that enables the transfer of charged molecules from a solid-state CE electrode directly to targeted tissues. Using an elastomer-based electrode containing poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanowires, controlled electrophoretic delivery of methylene blue (MB) and fluorescein (FLSC) was achieved with applied voltage. Electroactive release of positively charged MB and negatively charged FLSC achieved 33.19 ± 6.47 μg release of MB and 22.36 ± 3.05 μg release of FLSC, a 24 and 20-fold increase in comparison to inhibitory voltages over 1 h. Additionally, selective, and sequential release of the two oppositely charged molecules from a single CE device was demonstrated, showing the potential of this device to be used in multi-drug treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A.R. Chapman
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End, London, E1 4NS, UK
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Shanila Fernandez-Patel
- Tumour Immunogenomics and Immunosurveillance Laboratory, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Nusrat Jahan
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Estelle A. Cuttaz
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Alexey Novikov
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Josef A. Goding
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Rylie A. Green
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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2
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Fujikawa Y, Fukuo Y, Nishimura K, Tsujino K, Kashiwagi H, Hiramatsu R, Nonoguchi N, Furuse M, Takami T, Hu N, Miyatake SI, Takata T, Tanaka H, Watanabe T, Suzuki M, Kawabata S, Nakamura H, Wanibuchi M. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy with Iodophenyl-Conjugated closo-Dodecaborate on a Rat Brain Tumor Model. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1240. [PMID: 37759639 PMCID: PMC10525593 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
High-grade gliomas present a significant challenge in neuro-oncology because of their aggressive nature and resistance to current therapies. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a potential treatment method; however, the boron used by the carrier compounds-such as 4-borono-L-phenylalanine (L-BPA)-have limitations. This study evaluated the use of boron-conjugated 4-iodophenylbutanamide (BC-IP), a novel boron compound in BNCT, for the treatment of glioma. Using in vitro drug exposure experiments and in vivo studies, we compared BC-IP and BPA, with a focus on boron uptake and retention characteristics. The results showed that although BC-IP had a lower boron uptake than BPA, it exhibited superior retention. Furthermore, despite lower boron accumulation in tumors, BNCT mediated by BC-IP showed significant survival improvement in glioma-bearing rats compared to controls (not treated animals and neutrons only). These results suggest that BC-IP, with its unique properties, may be an alternative boron carrier for BNCT. Further research is required to optimize this potential treatment modality, which could significantly contribute to advancing the treatment of high-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Fujikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-8686, Japan; (Y.F.); (Y.F.); (K.T.); (H.K.); (R.H.); (N.N.); (M.F.); (T.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Yusuke Fukuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-8686, Japan; (Y.F.); (Y.F.); (K.T.); (H.K.); (R.H.); (N.N.); (M.F.); (T.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Kai Nishimura
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan; (K.N.); (H.N.)
| | - Kohei Tsujino
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-8686, Japan; (Y.F.); (Y.F.); (K.T.); (H.K.); (R.H.); (N.N.); (M.F.); (T.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Hideki Kashiwagi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-8686, Japan; (Y.F.); (Y.F.); (K.T.); (H.K.); (R.H.); (N.N.); (M.F.); (T.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Ryo Hiramatsu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-8686, Japan; (Y.F.); (Y.F.); (K.T.); (H.K.); (R.H.); (N.N.); (M.F.); (T.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Naosuke Nonoguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-8686, Japan; (Y.F.); (Y.F.); (K.T.); (H.K.); (R.H.); (N.N.); (M.F.); (T.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Motomasa Furuse
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-8686, Japan; (Y.F.); (Y.F.); (K.T.); (H.K.); (R.H.); (N.N.); (M.F.); (T.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Toshihiro Takami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-8686, Japan; (Y.F.); (Y.F.); (K.T.); (H.K.); (R.H.); (N.N.); (M.F.); (T.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Naonori Hu
- Kansai BNCT Medical Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-8686, Japan; (N.H.); (S.-I.M.)
| | - Shin-Ichi Miyatake
- Kansai BNCT Medical Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-8686, Japan; (N.H.); (S.-I.M.)
| | - Takushi Takata
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Osaka 590-0494, Japan; (T.T.); (H.T.); (T.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Osaka 590-0494, Japan; (T.T.); (H.T.); (T.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Tsubasa Watanabe
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Osaka 590-0494, Japan; (T.T.); (H.T.); (T.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Minoru Suzuki
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Osaka 590-0494, Japan; (T.T.); (H.T.); (T.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Shinji Kawabata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-8686, Japan; (Y.F.); (Y.F.); (K.T.); (H.K.); (R.H.); (N.N.); (M.F.); (T.T.); (M.W.)
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan; (K.N.); (H.N.)
| | - Masahiko Wanibuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-8686, Japan; (Y.F.); (Y.F.); (K.T.); (H.K.); (R.H.); (N.N.); (M.F.); (T.T.); (M.W.)
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3
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Khare P, Edgecomb SX, Hamadani CM, E L Tanner E, Manickam DS. Lipid nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery to the brain. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114861. [PMID: 37150326 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have revolutionized the field of drug delivery through their applications in siRNA delivery to the liver (Onpattro) and their use in the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. While LNPs have been extensively studied for the delivery of RNA drugs to muscle and liver targets, their potential to deliver drugs to challenging tissue targets such as the brain remains underexplored. Multiple brain disorders currently lack safe and effective therapies and therefore repurposing LNPs could potentially be a game changer for improving drug delivery to cellular targets both at and across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In this review, we will discuss (1) the rationale and factors involved in optimizing LNPs for brain delivery, (2) ionic liquid-coated LNPs as a potential approach for increasing LNP accumulation in the brain tissue and (3) considerations, open questions and potential opportunities in the development of LNPs for delivery to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purva Khare
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Sara X Edgecomb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Mississippi, MS
| | | | - Eden E L Tanner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Mississippi, MS.
| | - Devika S Manickam
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA.
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4
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Tabrizi SJ, Estevez-Fraga C, van Roon-Mom WMC, Flower MD, Scahill RI, Wild EJ, Muñoz-Sanjuan I, Sampaio C, Rosser AE, Leavitt BR. Potential disease-modifying therapies for Huntington's disease: lessons learned and future opportunities. Lancet Neurol 2022; 21:645-658. [PMID: 35716694 PMCID: PMC7613206 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(22)00121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease is the most frequent autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder; however, no disease-modifying interventions are available for patients with this disease. The molecular pathogenesis of Huntington's disease is complex, with toxicity that arises from full-length expanded huntingtin and N-terminal fragments of huntingtin, which are both prone to misfolding due to proteolysis; aberrant intron-1 splicing of the HTT gene; and somatic expansion of the CAG repeat in the HTT gene. Potential interventions for Huntington's disease include therapies targeting huntingtin DNA and RNA, clearance of huntingtin protein, DNA repair pathways, and other treatment strategies targeting inflammation and cell replacement. The early termination of trials of the antisense oligonucleotide tominersen suggest that it is time to reflect on lessons learned, where the field stands now, and the challenges and opportunities for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Tabrizi
- Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Carlos Estevez-Fraga
- Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Michael D Flower
- Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rachael I Scahill
- Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Edward J Wild
- Huntington's Disease Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Cristina Sampaio
- CHDI Management, CHDI Foundation Los Angeles, CA, USA; Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anne E Rosser
- BRAIN unit, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Blair R Leavitt
- Centre for Huntington's disease, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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5
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Wu C, Lorenzo G, Hormuth DA, Lima EABF, Slavkova KP, DiCarlo JC, Virostko J, Phillips CM, Patt D, Chung C, Yankeelov TE. Integrating mechanism-based modeling with biomedical imaging to build practical digital twins for clinical oncology. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2022; 3:021304. [PMID: 35602761 PMCID: PMC9119003 DOI: 10.1063/5.0086789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Digital twins employ mathematical and computational models to virtually represent a physical object (e.g., planes and human organs), predict the behavior of the object, and enable decision-making to optimize the future behavior of the object. While digital twins have been widely used in engineering for decades, their applications to oncology are only just emerging. Due to advances in experimental techniques quantitatively characterizing cancer, as well as advances in the mathematical and computational sciences, the notion of building and applying digital twins to understand tumor dynamics and personalize the care of cancer patients has been increasingly appreciated. In this review, we present the opportunities and challenges of applying digital twins in clinical oncology, with a particular focus on integrating medical imaging with mechanism-based, tissue-scale mathematical modeling. Specifically, we first introduce the general digital twin framework and then illustrate existing applications of image-guided digital twins in healthcare. Next, we detail both the imaging and modeling techniques that provide practical opportunities to build patient-specific digital twins for oncology. We then describe the current challenges and limitations in developing image-guided, mechanism-based digital twins for oncology along with potential solutions. We conclude by outlining five fundamental questions that can serve as a roadmap when designing and building a practical digital twin for oncology and attempt to provide answers for a specific application to brain cancer. We hope that this contribution provides motivation for the imaging science, oncology, and computational communities to develop practical digital twin technologies to improve the care of patients battling cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyue Wu
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kalina P. Slavkova
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | | | - Caleb M. Phillips
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Debra Patt
- Texas Oncology, Austin, Texas 78731, USA
| | - Caroline Chung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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6
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Bellotti E, Schilling AL, Little SR, Decuzzi P. Injectable thermoresponsive hydrogels as drug delivery system for the treatment of central nervous system disorders: A review. J Control Release 2021; 329:16-35. [PMID: 33259851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS), consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and retina, superintends to the acquisition, integration and processing of peripheral information to properly coordinate the activities of the whole body. Neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders, trauma, stroke, and brain tumors can dramatically affect CNS functions resulting in serious and life-long disabilities. Globally, the societal and economic burden associated with CNS disorders continues to grow with the ageing of the population thus demanding for more effective and definitive treatments. Despite the variety of clinically available therapeutic molecules, medical interventions on CNS disorders are mostly limited to treat symptoms rather than halting or reversing disease progression. This is attributed to the complexity of the underlying disease mechanisms as well as to the unique biological microenvironment. Given its central importance, multiple barriers, including the blood brain barrier and the blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier, protect the CNS from external agents. This limits the access of drug molecules to the CNS thus contributing to the modest therapeutic successes. Loco-regional therapies based on the deposition of thermoresponsive hydrogels loaded with therapeutic agents and cells are receiving much attention as an alternative and potentially more effective approach to manage CNS disorders. In this work, the current understanding and challenges in the design of thermoresponsive hydrogels for CNS therapy are reviewed. First, the biological barriers that hinder mass and drug transport to the CNS are described, highlighting the distinct features of each barrier. Then, the realization, characterization and biomedical application of natural and synthetic thermoresponsive hydrogels are critically presented. Advantages and limitations of each design and application are discussed with the objective of identifying general rules that could enhance the effective translation of thermoresponsive hydrogel-based therapies for the treatment of CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bellotti
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.
| | - Andrea L Schilling
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 427 Benedum Hall, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Steven R Little
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, 427 Benedum Hall, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 302 Benedum Hall, 3700 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15216, USA; Department of Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh, Forbes tower, Suite 7057, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Paolo Decuzzi
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
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Computationally Guided Intracerebral Drug Delivery via Chronically Implanted Microdevices. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107734. [PMID: 32521259 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatments for neurologic diseases are often limited in efficacy due to poor spatial and temporal control over their delivery. Intracerebral delivery partially overcomes this by directly infusing therapeutics to the brain. Brain structures, however, are nonuniform and irregularly shaped, precluding complete target coverage by a single bolus without significant off-target effects and possible toxicity. Nearly complete coverage is crucial for effective modulation of these structures. We present a framework with computational mapping algorithms for neural drug delivery (COMMAND) to guide multi-bolus targeting of brain structures that maximizes coverage and minimizes off-target leakage. Custom-fabricated chronic neural implants leverage rational fluidic design to achieve multi-bolus delivery in rodents through a single infusion of radioactive tracer (Cu-64). The resulting spatial distributions replicate computed spatial coverage with 5% error in vivo, as detected by positron emission tomography. COMMAND potentially enables accurate, efficacious targeting of discrete brain regions.
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Lu VM, Rechberger JS, Himes BT, Daniels DJ. The 100 Most-Cited Articles About Convection-Enhanced Delivery to the Brain: A Bibliometric Analysis. World Neurosurg 2019; 129:497-502.e6. [PMID: 31150865 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.05.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) overcomes the blood-brain barrier to deliver therapy within the central nervous system. Our aim was to evaluate citation and other bibliometric characteristics of the 100 most-cited articles about CED to the brain to better understand the state of research efforts in the field. METHODS Elsevier's Scopus database was searched for the 100 most-cited articles that focused on CED to the brain. Articles were dichotomized as either primarily basic science (BSc) or clinical (CL) articles. Various bibliometric parameters were summarized, and BSc and CL articles were compared. RESULTS Of the 100 most-cited articles, 64 (64%) were BSc and 36 (36%) were CL. The most common indications reported were brain tumors (59%) and Parkinson disease (5%). Overall median values were as follows: citation count, 102 (range, 70-933); citation rate per year, 9.0 (range, 3.7-49.4); number of authors, 5 (range, 1-25); and publication year, 2006 (range, 1994-2015). Articles were published in a total of 48 different journals, and predominately originated in the United States (n = 78, 78%). BSc and CL articles were statistically comparable in terms of bibliometric parameters. CONCLUSIONS In the 100 most-cited articles about CED to the brain, there were more BSc articles compared with CL articles; however, they were comparable with respect to the reported bibliometric parameters. Given that the peak year of publication of these articles was more than a decade ago, we anticipate that the field will shift toward more CL articles once effective therapies to be delivered via CED are discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Lu
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Benjamin T Himes
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - David J Daniels
- Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
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9
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The brain interstitial system: Anatomy, modeling, in vivo measurement, and applications. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 157:230-246. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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10
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Khan AR, Liu M, Khan MW, Zhai G. Progress in brain targeting drug delivery system by nasal route. J Control Release 2017; 268:364-389. [PMID: 28887135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts the transport of potential therapeutic moieties to the brain. Direct targeting the brain via olfactory and trigeminal neural pathways by passing the BBB has gained an important consideration for delivery of wide range of therapeutics to brain. Intranasal route of transportation directly delivers the drugs to brain without systemic absorption, thus avoiding the side effects and enhancing the efficacy of neurotherapeutics. Over the last several decades, different drug delivery systems (DDSs) have been studied for targeting the brain by the nasal route. Novel DDSs such as nanoparticles (NPs), liposomes and polymeric micelles have gained potential as useful tools for targeting the brain without toxicity in nasal mucosa and central nervous system (CNS). Complex geometry of the nasal cavity presented a big challenge to effective delivery of drugs beyond the nasal valve. Recently, pharmaceutical firms utilized latest and emerging nasal drug delivery technologies to overcome these barriers. This review aims to describe the latest development of brain targeted DDSs via nasal administration. CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS STUDIED IN THIS ARTICLE Carbopol 934p (PubChem CID: 6581) Carboxy methylcellulose (PubChem CID: 24748) Penetratin (PubChem CID: 101111470) Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PubChem CID: 23111554) Tween 80 (PubChem CID: 5284448).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Mengrui Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Muhammad Wasim Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan 250012, China.
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11
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Nordling-David MM, Yaffe R, Guez D, Meirow H, Last D, Grad E, Salomon S, Sharabi S, Levi-Kalisman Y, Golomb G, Mardor Y. Liposomal temozolomide drug delivery using convection enhanced delivery. J Control Release 2017; 261:138-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Concepts, technologies, and practices for drug delivery past the blood–brain barrier to the central nervous system. J Control Release 2016; 240:251-266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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13
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Lewis O, Woolley M, Johnson D, Rosser A, Barua NU, Bienemann AS, Gill SS, Evans S. Chronic, intermittent convection-enhanced delivery devices. J Neurosci Methods 2016; 259:47-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Cheng CJ, Tietjen GT, Saucier-Sawyer JK, Saltzman WM. A holistic approach to targeting disease with polymeric nanoparticles. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2015; 14:239-47. [PMID: 25598505 DOI: 10.1038/nrd4503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The primary goal of nanomedicine is to improve clinical outcomes. To this end, targeted nanoparticles are engineered to reduce non-productive distribution while improving diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy. Paradoxically, as this field has matured, the notion of targeting has been minimized to the concept of increasing the affinity of a nanoparticle for its target. This Opinion article outlines a holistic view of nanoparticle targeting, in which the route of administration, molecular characteristics and temporal control of the nanoparticles are potential design variables that must be considered simultaneously. This comprehensive vision for nanoparticle targeting will facilitate the integration of nanomedicines into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Cheng
- 1] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA. Present address: Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Cheshire, Connecticut 06410, USA. [2]
| | - Gregory T Tietjen
- 1] Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA. [2]
| | | | - W Mark Saltzman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
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15
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Ramped-rate vs continuous-rate infusions: An in vitro comparison of convection enhanced delivery protocols. Ann Neurosci 2014; 20:59-64. [PMID: 25206014 PMCID: PMC4117103 DOI: 10.5214/ans.0972.7531.200206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Convection enhanced delivery (CED) is a technique using infusion convection currents to deliver therapeutic agents into targeted regions of the brain. Recently, CED is gaining significant acceptance for use in gene therapy of Parkinson’s disease (PD) employing direct infusion into the brain. CED offers advantages in that it targets local areas of the brain, bypasses the blood-brain barrier (BBB), minimizes systemic toxicity of the therapeutics, and allows for delivery of larger molecules that diffusion driven methods cannot achieve. Investigating infusion characteristics such as backflow and morphology is important in developing standard and effective protocols in order to successfully deliver treatments into the brain. Optimizing clinical infusion protocols may reduce backflow, improve final infusion cloud morphology, and maximize infusate penetrance into targeted tissue. Purpose The purpose of the current study was to compare metrics during ramped-rate and continuous-rate infusions using two different catheters in order to optimize current infusion protocols. Occasionally, the infusate refluxes proximally up the catheter tip, known as backflow, and minimizing this can potentially reduce undesirable effects in the clinical setting. Traditionally, infusions are performed at a constant rate throughout the entire duration, and backflow is minimized only by slow infusion rates, which increases the time required to deliver the desired amount of infusate. In this study, we investigate the effects of ramping and various infusion rates on backflow and infusion cloud morphology. The independent parameters in the study are: ramping, maximum infusion rate, time between rate changes, and increments of rate changes. Methods Backflow was measured using two methods: i) at the point of pressure stabilization within the catheter, and ii) maximum backflow as shown by video data. Infusion cloud morphology was evaluated based on the height-to-width ratio of each infusion cloud at the end of each experiment. Results were tabulated and statistically analyzed to identify any significant differences between protocols. Results The experimental results show that CED rampedrate infusion protocols result in smaller backflow distances and more spherical cloud morphologies compared to continuous-rate infusion protocols ending at the same maximum infusion rate. Our results also suggest internal-line pressure measurements can approximate the time-point at which backflow ceases. Conclusion Our findings indicate that ramping CED infusion protocols can potentially minimize backflow and produce more spherical infusion clouds. However, further research is required to determine the strength of this correlation, especially in relation to maximum infusion rates.
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Stockwell J, Abdi N, Lu X, Maheshwari O, Taghibiglou C. Novel central nervous system drug delivery systems. Chem Biol Drug Des 2014; 83:507-20. [PMID: 24325540 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
For decades, biomedical and pharmaceutical researchers have worked to devise new and more effective therapeutics to treat diseases affecting the central nervous system. The blood-brain barrier effectively protects the brain, but poses a profound challenge to drug delivery across this barrier. Many traditional drugs cannot cross the blood-brain barrier in appreciable concentrations, with less than 1% of most drugs reaching the central nervous system, leading to a lack of available treatments for many central nervous system diseases, such as stroke, neurodegenerative disorders, and brain tumors. Due to the ineffective nature of most treatments for central nervous system disorders, the development of novel drug delivery systems is an area of great interest and active research. Multiple novel strategies show promise for effective central nervous system drug delivery, giving potential for more effective and safer therapies in the future. This review outlines several novel drug delivery techniques, including intranasal drug delivery, nanoparticles, drug modifications, convection-enhanced infusion, and ultrasound-mediated drug delivery. It also assesses possible clinical applications, limitations, and examples of current clinical and preclinical research for each of these drug delivery approaches. Improved central nervous system drug delivery is extremely important and will allow for improved treatment of central nervous system diseases, causing improved therapies for those who are affected by central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn Stockwell
- Department of Physiology, 2D01 Health Sciences, 107 Wiggins Rd., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, 2D01 Health Sciences, 107 Wiggins Rd., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
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Lam MF, Foo SW, Thomas MG, Lind CR. Infusion-line pressure as a real-time monitor of convection-enhanced delivery in pre-clinical models. J Neurosci Methods 2014; 221:127-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2013.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kantorovich S, Astary GW, King MA, Mareci TH, Sarntinoranont M, Carney PR. Influence of neuropathology on convection-enhanced delivery in the rat hippocampus. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80606. [PMID: 24260433 PMCID: PMC3832660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Local drug delivery techniques, such as convention-enhanced delivery (CED), are promising novel strategies for delivering therapeutic agents otherwise limited by systemic toxicity and blood-brain-barrier restrictions. CED uses positive pressure to deliver infusate homogeneously into interstitial space, but its distribution is dependent upon appropriate tissue targeting and underlying neuroarchitecture. To investigate effects of local tissue pathology and associated edema on infusate distribution, CED was applied to the hippocampi of rats that underwent electrically-induced, self-sustaining status epilepticus (SE), a prolonged seizure. Infusion occurred 24 hours post-SE, using a macromolecular tracer, the magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agent gadolinium chelated with diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid and covalently attached to albumin (Gd-albumin). High-resolution T1- and T2-relaxation-weighted MR images were acquired at 11.1 Tesla in vivo prior to infusion to generate baseline contrast enhancement images and visualize morphological changes, respectively. T1-weighted imaging was repeated post-infusion to visualize final contrast-agent distribution profiles. Histological analysis was performed following imaging to characterize injury. Infusions of Gd-albumin into injured hippocampi resulted in larger distribution volumes that correlated with increased injury severity, as measured by hyperintense regions seen in T2-weighted images and corresponding histological assessments of neuronal degeneration, myelin degradation, astrocytosis, and microglial activation. Edematous regions included the CA3 hippocampal subfield, ventral subiculum, piriform and entorhinal cortex, amygdalar nuclei, middle and laterodorsal/lateroposterior thalamic nuclei. This study demonstrates MR-visualized injury processes are reflective of cellular alterations that influence local distribution volume, and provides a quantitative basis for the planning of local therapeutic delivery strategies in pathological brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Kantorovich
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Wilder Center of Excellence for Epilepsy Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Garrett W. Astary
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Michael A. King
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Thomas H. Mareci
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Malisa Sarntinoranont
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Paul R. Carney
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Wilder Center of Excellence for Epilepsy Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
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Watson C, Lind CRP, Thomas MG. The anatomy of the caudal zona incerta in rodents and primates. J Anat 2013; 224:95-107. [PMID: 24138151 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The caudal zona incerta is the target of a recent modification of established procedures for deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease and tremor. The caudal zona incerta contains a number of neuronal populations that are distinct in terms of their cytoarchitecture, connections, and pattern of immunomarkers and is located at a position where a number of major tracts converge before turning toward their final destination in the forebrain. However, it is not clear which of the anatomical features of the region are related to its value as a target for DBS. This paper has tried to identify features that distinguish the caudal zona incerta of rodents (mouse and rat) and primates (marmoset, rhesus monkey, and human) from the remainder of the zona incerta. We studied cytoarchitecture, anatomical relationships, the pattern of immunomarkers, and gene expression in both of these areas. We found that the caudal zona incerta has a number of histological and gene expression characteristics that distinguish it from the other subdivisions of the zona incerta. Of particular note are the sparse population of GABA neurons and the small but distinctive population of calbindin neurons. We hope that a clearer appreciation of the anatomy of the region will in the end assist the interpretation of cases in which DBS is used in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Watson
- Curtin University, Perth, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
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Current status of local therapy in malignant gliomas--a clinical review of three selected approaches. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 139:341-58. [PMID: 23694764 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are the most frequently occurring, devastating primary brain tumors, and are coupled with a poor survival rate. Despite the fact that complete neurosurgical resection of these tumors is impossible in consideration of their infiltrating nature, surgical resection followed by adjuvant therapeutics, including radiation therapy and chemotherapy, is still the current standard therapy. Systemic chemotherapy is restricted by the blood-brain barrier, while methods of local delivery, such as with drug-impregnated wafers, convection-enhanced drug delivery, or direct perilesional injections, present attractive ways to circumvent these barriers. These methods are promising ways for direct delivery of either standard chemotherapeutic or new anti-cancer agents. Several clinical trials showed controversial results relating to the influence of a local delivery of chemotherapy on the survival of patients with both recurrent and newly diagnosed malignant gliomas. Our article will review the development of the drug-impregnated release, as well as convection-enhanced delivery and the direct injection into brain tissue, which has been used predominantly in gene-therapy trials. Further, it will focus on the use of convection-enhanced delivery in the treatment of patients with malignant gliomas, placing special emphasis on potential shortcomings in past clinical trials. Although there is a strong need for new or additional therapeutic strategies in the treatment of malignant gliomas, and although local delivery of chemotherapy in those tumors might be a powerful tool, local therapy is used only sporadically nowadays. Thus, we have to learn from our mistakes in the past and we strongly encourage future developments in this field.
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