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Anastasiadis K, Nassar M. The effect of different conditioning agents on dentin roughness and collagen structure. J Dent 2024; 148:105222. [PMID: 38950766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the impact of various organic and inorganic acids on the roughness, demineralization, and collagen secondary structures of human dentin and to compare these effects with those of traditional agents, specifically phosphoric acid (PA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). METHODS Coronal dentin discs (n = 10) were examined by optical profilometry (roughness) and ATR-FTIR before and after conditioning with 32 % PA, 3 % nitric acid (NA), 20 % citric acid (CA), 20 % phytic acid (IP6) or 17 % EDTA. Spectra data were processed to quantify dentin demineralization (DM%) and percentage area of amide I curve-fitted components of β-turns, 310-helix, α-helix, random coils, β-sheets, and collagen maturation index. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis for DM% and roughness parameters, and paired t-test/Wilcoxon test for amide I components at significance level set at α = 0.05. RESULTS All treatments resulted in increased roughness parameters, with the most significant changes occurring primarily with PA, while EDTA exhibited the least changes. DM% was NA>PA>IP6>CA>EDTA in a descending order. Regarding amide I components, NA demonstrated a significant reduction in β-turns, 310-helices, and α-helices and it increased β-sheets and random coils. PA resulted in reduction in β-turns and α-helices while it increased β-sheets. CA and EDTA did not cause significant changes. The collagen maturation index significantly increased only after IP6 treatment. CONCLUSIONS The effect on dentin roughness parameters, demineralization, and collagen secondary structures varied based on the type of dentin surface treatment. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Understanding the impact of acids on the intrinsic properties of dentin is clinically essential for gaining insights into how these effects influence adhesion to dentin, the long-term stability of resin-based restorations, and the success of remineralization therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohannad Nassar
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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Fernandes V, Fidalgo-Pereira R, Edwards J, Silva F, Özcan M, Carvalho Ó, Souza JCM. Fitting of Different Intraradicular Composite Posts to Oval Tooth Root Canals: A Preliminary Assessment. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2520. [PMID: 38893784 PMCID: PMC11174052 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to perform a preliminary analysis of the fitting of different fiber-reinforced composite (GFRC) posts to tooth root canals and determine the resin cement layer thickness. The following GFRC posts were assessed: bundle posts (Rebilda GTTM, VOCO, Germany), sleeve system (SAPTM, Angelus Ind, Brazil), and accessory posts (ReforpinTM, Angelus, Brazil). Twenty-four freshly extracted mandibular single-rooted pre-molars were endodontically treated and divided into six groups, according to the type of GFRC post and resin cement (self-adhesive or conventional dual-cured). Then, specimens were cross-sectioned and inspected by optical microscopy regarding the cement layer thickness and presence of defects such as pores, voids, or fissures were assessed. Bundle and accessory posts revealed a regular distribution of resin cement with a lower number of voids than found with sleeve systems. The sleeve system posts showed poor fitting at the apical portion of the root canals. The type of resin cement did not affect the thickness of the interface, although both bundle and accessory posts allow a better distribution of resin cement and fibers. The present preliminary study reveals interesting insights on the fitting of bundle and accessory posts to root dentin and resin cement layer thickness in oval-shape root canals. The sleeve system posts showed adequate fitting only at the coronal portion of the canals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valter Fernandes
- University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa Ensino Superior Universitário (CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Rita Fidalgo-Pereira
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Universidade Católica Portuguesa (UCP), 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Jane Edwards
- University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Cooperativa Ensino Superior Universitário (CESPU), 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Filipe Silva
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (F.S.); (Ó.C.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Clinic for Masticatory Disorders and Dental Biomaterials, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Óscar Carvalho
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (F.S.); (Ó.C.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Júlio C. M. Souza
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Universidade Católica Portuguesa (UCP), 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
- Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (F.S.); (Ó.C.)
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Alatta A, Nassar M, Gorduysus M, Alkhatib W, Sayed M. In Vitro Investigation of the Effects of Various Reducing Agents on Dentin Treated with Hydrogen Peroxide. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1473. [PMID: 38891420 PMCID: PMC11174467 DOI: 10.3390/polym16111473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
We assessed the effect of non-protein thiols (NPSH), reduced glutathione (GSH) and n-acetylcysteine (NAC), on resin shear bond strength (SBS) to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated dentin, and their effects on the characteristics of dentin in comparison to ascorbic acid (AA) and sodium thiosulfate (STS). H2O2-treated dentin was conditioned with 5% AA, GSH, NAC, or STS applied for 1 or 5 min. The positive control group received H2O2 without antioxidant application, and the first negative control group received distilled water (DW). The specimens received resin bonding immediately after treatment except for the second negative control group (delayed bonding). Microhardness, roughness, and topography were studied. The SBS values of all antioxidants were statistically greater than the positive control group (p < 0.05); however, NAC and AA applied for 1 min demonstrated the highest values, which were comparable to delayed bonding. All treatments removed the smear layer except DW, H2O2, and STS. The negative effect of H2O2 on resin-dentin bonding was mitigated by the application of the antioxidants; however, their efficiencies were dependent on the antioxidant type and time of application. NAC was more effective in optimizing resin bonding to bleached dentin compared to GSH at 1 min application and STS at both application times but was comparable to AA. Negligible negative effects on the substrate's roughness and microhardness were detected. The antioxidant properties of the agent and its capacity to remove the smear layer are the processes underpinning the ability of a certain antioxidant to reverse the effect of H2O2 on bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Alatta
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohannad Nassar
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mehmet Gorduysus
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Walaa Alkhatib
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mahmoud Sayed
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan;
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Agarwal S, Mishra L, Singh NR, Behera R, Kumar M, Nagaraja R, Sokolowski K, Lapinska B. Effect of Different Irrigating Solutions on Root Canal Dentin Microhardness-A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:132. [PMID: 38786643 PMCID: PMC11121888 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15050132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigating solutions as well as their combination and activation modes on root canal dentin microhardness. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO and PRISMA guidelines were followed. The structured question was as follows: "Which type of irrigating solution used in endodontic treatment causes more change in dentin microhardness?" The literature was screened via PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct. The last search was carried out in February 2023 with English language restriction. Two reviewers independently performed screening and evaluation of articles. A total of 470 articles were retrieved from all the databases, whereas only 114 articles were selected for full-text analysis. After applying eligibility criteria, 44 studies were evaluated and included in this review. The results showed that with increased contact time with irrigants, dentin microhardness decreases. Increased contact time with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) was associated with more reduction in dentin microhardness compared with other irrigants. Other irrigants, with the exception of distilled water, including EDTA, citric acid, herbal irrigants, glycolic acid, phytic acid, etc., in this study significantly decreased dentin microhardness. The maximum reduction in dentin microhardness was seen with 2.5% NaOCl after 15 min of contact time. The use of irrigating solutions alters the chemical composition of dentin, thereby decreasing its microhardness, which affects the clinical performance of endodontically treated teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunidhi Agarwal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India; (S.A.); (N.R.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Lora Mishra
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India; (S.A.); (N.R.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Naomi Ranjan Singh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India; (S.A.); (N.R.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Rini Behera
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India; (S.A.); (N.R.S.); (R.B.)
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Institute of Dental Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India;
| | - Ravishankar Nagaraja
- Department of Biostatistics, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi 110021, India;
| | - Krzysztof Sokolowski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Barbara Lapinska
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Pomorska St., 92-213 Lodz, Poland
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La Rosa GRM, Plotino G, Nagendrababu V, Pedullà E. Effectiveness of continuous chelation irrigation protocol in endodontics: a scoping review of laboratory studies. Odontology 2024; 112:1-18. [PMID: 37433927 PMCID: PMC10776731 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00835-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
This scoping review aimed to synthesize and explore the current boundaries and limitations of laboratory research on the effectiveness of continuous chelation irrigation protocol in endodontics. This scoping review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Extension for Scoping Reviews. Literature search was conducted on Pubmed and Scopus to identify all laboratory studies evaluating smear layer and hard-tissue debris removal or, antimicrobial efficacy, or dentine erosion induced by continuous chelation. Two independent reviewers performed the all review steps and the relevant items were recorded. Seventy-seven potentially relevant studies were identified. Finally, 23 laboratory studies met the eligibility criteria for qualitative synthesis. Seven studies focused on the smear layer/debris removal outcome, 10 on antimicrobial activity, and 10 on dentine erosion. In general, the continuous chelation protocol was equally or more effective in the cleanliness of root canals and antimicrobial activity compared with traditional sequential protocol. In addition, etidronate solutions seemed to be milder chelating agents compared to those with EDTA, thus resulting in reduced or no dentine erosion and roughness modification. Yet, the methodological differences among the included studies limit the results' generalizability. The continuous chelation seems to be equally or more effective in all investigated outcomes when compared with the traditional sequential protocol. The methodological variability among the studies and shortcomings in the methods employed limit the generalizability and clinical relevance of the results. Standardized laboratory conditions combined with reliable three-dimensional investigation approaches are necessary to obtain clinically informative findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Rita Maria La Rosa
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | | | - Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Eugenio Pedullà
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Atalay I, Erişen FR. Evaluation of the effects of different chelation agents on root dentin roughness. AUST ENDOD J 2023; 49 Suppl 1:71-78. [PMID: 36116094 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Successful root canal treatment requires effective irrigation of the entire root canal system. While chelating agents support irrigation, they can also alter physicochemical properties of the root dentin structure. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of different chelation agents on root dentin roughness. Twenty-five extracted maxillary incisors were used in this study. Samples were separated longitudinally and divided into five groups: distilled water, NaOCl, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), phytic acid and citric acid (CA). Atomic force microscope and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses were used for analysing. One-way analysis of variance and Turkey tests were used in the statistical analysis of the study. EDTA, CA and phytic acid solutions increased the roughness and phytic acid and CA solutions decreased the Ca/P ratio in dentin tissue. No statistical difference was observed in the other groups. The decrease of Ca/P ratio should be taken under consideration during irrigation. The increase in surface roughness may provide clinical benefit by supporting the adhesion of the root canal filling materials to the dentin surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Işınsu Atalay
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fehmi Raif Erişen
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Sahebi S, Mofidi H, Abbaszadegan A, Gholami A, Eskandari F. The effect of nanobased irrigants on the root canal dentin microhardness: an ex-vivo study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:581. [PMID: 37598165 PMCID: PMC10440035 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the favorable antimicrobial properties of zinc oxide (ZnONPs), standard silver (AgNPs), and imidazolium-based silver (Im-AgNPs) nanoparticles, this study aimed to evaluate their influence on the microhardness of root canal dentin. METHODS In this experimental study, 40 mandibular premolars were decoronated at the cementoenamel junction and longitudinally sectioned into halves to create 80 specimens. They were randomly allocated to 5 groups (n = 16) and irrigated with ZnONPs, AgNPs, Im-AgNPs, NaOCl, or normal saline (as the negative control) for 15 min. The Vickers Hardness Number (VHN) was measured on each root canal third before and after being soaked in irrigants. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-test, one-way ANOVA, and post hoc Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Im-AgNPs and ZnONPs irrigants improved the microhardness of root dentin, whereas, AgNPs and NaOCl decreased it. ZnONPs yielded the highest VHN at the coronal third (P˂0.001), while the Im-AgNPs provided the highest VHN at the middle and apical thirds (P˂0.001). The AgNPs group showed the lowest VHN at the apical third. CONCLUSIONS The irrigants containing Im-AgNPs and ZnONPs significantly enhanced the root dentin microhardness. However, the use of AgNPs resulted in decreased microhardness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safoora Sahebi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Hossein Mofidi
- Endodontist, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abbas Abbaszadegan
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran.
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran.
| | - Fateme Eskandari
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Ghasrdasht Street, Shiraz, 71956-15878, Iran.
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Huang Y, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Zhu Z, Zhang Y, She Y, Zhang X, Liu Y. Evaluation of structural integrity effect on adhesion strength of root dentin with a multi-functional irrigation strategy. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 27:1465-1472. [PMID: 36348096 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04765-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate effects of a novel auxiliary irrigation strategy, proanthocyanidin (PA) + carboxymethyl chitosan/amorphous calcium phosphate (CMC/ACP) nanocomplexes, on maintaining the organic-inorganic structural integrity and hence optimizing the adhesion strength of root dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dentin specimens (n = 150) were prepared and subjected to the classical irrigating strategy with or without PA and CMC/ACP. The ultrastructure and biomechanical behaviour of dentin were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscope, respectively. Forty single root-canal premolars were employed for push-out bond strength testing. Besides, the antibacterial effects against Enterococcus faecalis were evaluated with confocal laser scanning microscopy. Statistical differences were verified with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-tests. RESULTS The organic-inorganic structural integrity of root dentin was repaired with the synergetic use of PA and CMC/ACP. Correspondingly, the bond stability between the root canal wall and the AH-Plus sealer was significantly reinforced (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the tissue biomechanical properties and antibacterial behaviour were enhanced compared to that of control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The synergistic utilization of PA and CMC/ACP can preserve the structural integrity of root dentin, contributing to optimizing the sealing effects of root canal. Moreover, the novel irrigation strategy demonstrated a favourable antimicrobial activity. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The combination of PA and CMC/ACP can serve as a promising auxiliary irrigation strategy to optimize the outcomes of chemical preparation, enhance the sealing effects of root canal and hence improve the success rate of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Department of Endodontics, Hainan Stomatology Center, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Qing Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Zihui Zhu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yichen She
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Institute of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, AL-Ostwani AEO, Abdo A, Kayed K. The Effect of a Novel Silver-Citrate Root Canal Irrigation Solution (BioAkt), Ethylenediamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), and Citric Acid on the Microhardness of Root Canal Dentin: A Comparative In Vitro Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e31255. [PMID: 36505159 PMCID: PMC9731556 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective The use of a chelating agent as an adjunct to disinfectant irrigation is very necessary to remove the smear layer formed during root canal treatment. However, the decalcifying solutions have a negative impact on dentin microhardness, which might affect the result of endodontic therapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), a novel silver-citrate root canal irrigation solution (BioAkt), 10% citric acid, and 40% citric acid on the microhardness of root canal dentin. Materials and methods Forty-five single-root teeth were distributed equally into five groups A, B, C, D, and E treated with distilled water as a control, 17% EDTA, BioAkt, 10% citric acid, and 40% citric acid, respectively. The dentin microhardness was measured before and after the experiment, and the collected data were analyzed using paired sample T-test, One-way ANOVA test, and least significant difference (LSD) test (multiple comparisons), (P < 0.05). Result The results showed that the averages of dentin microhardness values before the experiment were 62.83 kg/mm², 65.34 kg/mm², 64.79 kg/mm², 62.95 kg/mm², and 56.47 kg/mm² for groups A, B, C, D, and E, respectively, while the averages after the experiment were 62.60 kg/mm², 54.92 kg/mm², 54.50 kg/mm², 51.31 kg/mm², and 49.37kg/mm² accordingly. Statistical analysis revealed that 17% EDTA, BioAkt, 10% citric acid, and 40% citric acid decreased the dentin microhardness significantly comparing with the negative control group, without statistical differences among them. Conclusion The chelating agents 17% EDTA, BioAkt, 10% citric acid, and 40% citric acid declined the microhardness of root canal dentin similarly, which might have possible effects on endodontic treatment and the properties of root canal filling materials as well.
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Tsenova-Ilieva I, Simeonova S, Karova E. Atomic force microscopy study on the effect of different irrigation regimens on the surface roughness of human root canal dentin. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:261-266. [PMID: 35295046 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1379_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Endodontic irrigants could alter the mechanical properties of root canal dentin, such as its roughness. Aim To compare the effect of various irrigation protocols on root canal dentin roughness with respect to their application time, concentration, and additional ultrasonic activation. Materials and Methods Forty single-rooted, non-endodontically treated upper incisors were decoronated and further sectioned longitudinally in a buccolingual direction. The surfaces of all eighty samples were polished and randomly segregated to eight equal groups (n = 10): Group A: 2% NaOCl/2 min followed by 17% EDTA/2 min; Group B: 2% NaOCl/5 min followed by 17% EDTA/5 min; Group C: 5.25% NaOCl/2 min followed by 17% EDTA/2 min; Group D: 5.25% NaOCl/5 min followed by 17% EDTA/5 min; Group E: 2% NaOCl solution, ultrasonically activated for 2 min; Group F: 5.25% NaOCl, ultrasonically activated for 2 min; Group G: 2% NaOCl/2 min followed by 17% EDTA/2 min, both ultrasonically activated; Group H: Control group (distilled water). Results All irrigation regimens increased root dentin surface roughness in comparison with the control group. The analysis of the values revealed significant differences between the arithmetical average roughness values (Ra) in the groups (p < 0.001). A statistically significant increase in the Ra parameter was observed in groups E, F, G, and D. The irrigation protocol in Group A showed a significantly smoother dentin surface than those with the ultrasonic activation. Conclusion All tested irrigants increased root canal dentin roughness and the effect was time and concentration-dependent. The ultrasonic activation of the disinfection solutions roughened the root dentin surface significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tsenova-Ilieva
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - S Simeonova
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - E Karova
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Ballal NV, Narkedamalli R, Ruparel NB, Shenoy PA, Bhat VR, Shenoy Belle V. Effect of Maleic acid root conditioning on release of Transforming Growth factor β1 from infected root canal dentin. J Endod 2022; 48:620-624. [PMID: 35217129 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chemically released growth factors play a vital role in regenerative endodontics Transforming growth factor (TGF- β1) is one of the most extensively studied bioactive molecule that promotes cell proliferation, differentiation, and chemotaxis. The goal of the current research was to analyze the effect of 7% Maleic acid (MA) root conditioning of an infected root canal on the release of (TGF- β1). METHODS Single rooted human teeth were decoronated and the canals were enlarged with peeso reamer. The samples were divided into biofilm and non-biofilm groups. Subsequently, all the samples of both the groups were flushed with 10 ml of each irrigant, namely, 1.5% NaOCl, 7% MA, 17% EDTA, combination of 1.5% NaOCl with 17% EDTA or 7% MA for 10 minutes each. TGF-β1 was estimated quantitatively utilizing ELISA Kit. RESULTS TGF- β1 release was lowest among the biofilm samples when compared to non-biofilm amongst all the groups. 7% MA with 1.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) rendered higher amounts of growth factor release in contrast to combination of 17% EDTA and 1.5% NaOCl in both biofilm and non-biofilm groups (P<0.048). The non-biofilm samples treated with 7% MA alone illustrated higher growth factor release when compared to 17% EDTA only (P<0.006), but there was no significant difference in growth factor release among the biofilm samples treated with 7% MA and 17% EDTA. CONCLUSION Bacterial biofilms modified the release of TGF- β1. 7% MA was observed to be significantly more efficacious than 17% EDTA in TGF- β1 growth factor release from radicular dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidambur Vasudev Ballal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
| | - Rajkumar Narkedamalli
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Nikita B Ruparel
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Padmaja A Shenoy
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vinutha R Bhat
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijetha Shenoy Belle
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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12
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Muana HL, Nassar M, Dargham A, Hiraishi N, Tagami J. Effect of smear layer removal agents on the microhardness and roughness of radicular dentin. Saudi Dent J 2021; 33:661-665. [PMID: 34803316 PMCID: PMC8589586 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the effect of phytic acid (IP6) on the surface roughness and microhardness of human root canal dentin and compare it to other smear layer removal agents. Materials and methods Fifty extracted human maxillary incisors were sectioned longitudinally into a total of 100 specimens followed by embedding in auto-polymerizing acrylic resin. The specimens were polished and then randomly divided into five groups (n = 20) according to the test solution used to condition root canal dentin: 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA); 10% citric acid (CA); 1% IP6; 37% phosphoric acid (PA); or distilled water (control group). Each specimen was treated with a total volume of 1 ml of each solution for 1 min with agitation. Each group was then divided into two subgroups of 10 specimens each. The specimens of the first subgroup were used to determine microhardness, using Vickers hardness tester, and the specimens of the second subgroup were used to measure surface roughness, using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The results were analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests, α = 0.05. Results All the tested groups exhibited microhardness and surface roughness values that were statistically significantly different when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The microhardness value obtained with IP6 was significantly lower when compared to EDTA, CA, and the control group, whereas its roughness value was significantly higher compared to the aforementioned groups. However, there was no significant difference between IP6 and PA (P > 0.05). Conclusions IP6 and PA showed the lowest microhardness and the highest surface roughness values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosea Lalrin Muana
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mohannad Nassar
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ahmad Dargham
- RAK College of Dental Sciences (RAKCODS), RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al-Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noriko Hiraishi
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Ferreira I, Braga AC, Lopes MA, Pina-Vaz I. Adjunctive procedure with solvent mixtures in non-surgical endodontic retreatment: does it affect root dentin hardness? Odontology 2021; 109:812-818. [PMID: 33811311 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-021-00603-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of new irrigation solvent mixtures with Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)/Tetrachloroethylene (TCE) and MEK/Orange oil (OOil), and different agitation techniques on dentin hardness. One hundred forty-four mandibular teeth were prepared and standardized, with each root's middle part transversely sectioned. Initial hardness was measured using a Vickers microhardness tester. Specimens were divided into four groups of agitation techniques (n = 36): no agitation; EndoActivator; IrriSafe; and XP-endo Finisher R. Each group was subdivided into six subgroups of irrigation protocols (n = 6): saline solution; NaOCl + EDTA; NaOCl + EDTA + MEK/TCE; MEK/TCE; NaOCl + EDTA + MEK/OOil; MEK/OOil. Final hardness was measured. The irrigation protocols NaOCl + EDTA, NaOCl + EDTA + MEK/TCE, and NaOCl + EDTA + MEK/OOil significantly decreased dentin hardness, while MEK/OOil increased it (p < 0.05). Comparing to NaOCl + EDTA sequence, dentin hardness increased significantly with the additional exposure to MEK/TCE (3%NaOCl + 17%EDTA + MEK/TCE) or MEK/OOil (3%NaOCl + 17%EDTA + MEK/OOil) (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences regarding agitation effects on dentin hardness decrease. The irrigation protocols affected dentin hardness significantly. However, the additional solvent proposals do not seem to address further concerns on dentin's mechanical properties. Agitation did not show any influence on dentin's hardness reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Ferreira
- Faculty of Medicine, CINTESIS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana Cristina Braga
- Department of Production and Systems, ALGORITMI Center, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Maria Ascensão Lopes
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, REQUIMTE-LAQV, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Irene Pina-Vaz
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, CINTESIS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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14
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Elnaggar SE, El Backly RM, Zaazou AM, Morsy Elshabrawy S, Abdallah AA. Effect of different irrigation protocols for applications in regenerative endodontics on mechanical properties of root dentin. AUST ENDOD J 2020; 47:228-235. [PMID: 33314440 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of NaOCl with and without passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on mechanical properties of human dentin for applications in regenerative endodontics (RE). Sixty single-rooted teeth were sectioned into 2 halves (n = 120). Dentin bars were produced from one half for flexural strength and the other half was used for microhardness. Specimens were randomly assigned into 10 groups: G1 and G2 (control): distilled water for 30 and 60 min, respectively; G3: 1.5%NaOCl for 30 min; G4:1.5%NaOCl for 60 min; G5: 1.5%NaOCl + PUI for 30 min; G6: 1.5%NaOCl + PUI for 60 min; G7: 5.25%NaOCl for 30 min; G8: 5.25%NaOCl for 60 min; G9: 5.25%NaOCl + PUI for 30 min; G10: 5.25%NaOCl + PUI for 60 min. An increase in NaOCl concentration showed highly significant reduction in mechanical properties. There was no significant difference between 1.5% NaOCl and control group except for specimens treated with PUI for 60 min. NaOCl in concentrations recommended for RE did not have a significant effect on mechanical properties of dentin. However, PUI with increased irrigation time might have an effect even with low NaOCl concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semha E Elnaggar
- Endodontics, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rania M El Backly
- Endodontics, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Mamdouh Zaazou
- Endodontics, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sonia Morsy Elshabrawy
- Dental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amr Ahmed Abdallah
- Endodontics, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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15
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Ulusoy Öİ, Mantı AŞ, Çelik B. Nanohardness reduction and root dentine erosion after final irrigation with ethylenediaminetetraacetic, etidronic and peracetic acids. Int Endod J 2020; 53:1549-1558. [PMID: 33448412 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the nanohardness reduction and erosion in root canal dentine after application of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 9% etidronic acid (HEBP) and 2% peracetic acid (PAA) either alone or combined with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). METHODOLOGY One hundred and sixty single-rooted teeth were decoronated and their root canals were chemomechanically prepared. For the nanohardness evaluation, 80 roots with instrumented canals were split longitudinally into two halves. Dentine blocks with a length of 7 mm were obtained from the middle third of one half of each tooth and were embedded in epoxy resin blocks exposing the root canal walls. Initial nanohardness values of root canal dentine were measured for each specimen using a nanoindenter with a Berkovich tip. The specimens were divided into seven experimental (n = 10) and one control (n = 10) group according to the final irrigation regimens: Group 1: 2.5% NaOCl, Group 2: 17% EDTA, Group 3: 2.5% NaOCl-17% EDTA, Group 4: 2% PAA, Group 5: 2.5% NaOCl-2% PAA, Group 6: 9% HEBP, Group 7: 2.5% NaOCl + 9% HEBP and Group 8: Distilled water (control). The measurement of the nanohardness values was repeated for each specimen after being exposed to the irrigants. The nanaohardness reduction of each sample was calculated and recorded. The other 80 instrumented root canals were used for scanning electron microscope (SEM) evaluation. First, they were irrigated with the same protocols stated above and longitudinally split into two halves. One half of each root canal was viewed using SEM for the amount of erosion. The erosion scores were recorded. Data were analysed statistically using Kruskal-Wallis and Bonferroni-adjusted Mann-Whitney U-tests with a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS Use of etidronic acid and NaOCl + HEBP reduced the nanohardness values significantly more than the other experimental solutions (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the values for the nanohardness reduction in the samples irrigated with a single chelator and chelator combined with NaOCl (P > 0.05). Peritubular and intertubular erosion were observed in the samples irrigated with HEBP and NaOCl + HEBP. CONCLUSION Final irrigation of root canals using etidronic acid alone or combined with NaOCl was associated with structural alterations in root canal dentine of extracted teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ö İ Ulusoy
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Ş Mantı
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - B Çelik
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Dotto L, Sarkis Onofre R, Bacchi A, Rocha Pereira GK. Effect of Root Canal Irrigants on the Mechanical Properties of Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Scoping Review. J Endod 2020; 46:596-604.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Akbulut MB, Terlemez A. Does the Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming Activation of Irrigation Solutions Alter the Dentin Microhardness? PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 37:38-44. [PMID: 31050939 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2018.4529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) activation of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chlorhexidine (CHX) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on the dentin microhardness and to assess the compositional changes of root dentin. Background data: It is still unclear whether PIPS activation of irrigants alters the dentin microhardness and mineral content of dentin. Materials and methods: Root canals of 72 extracted single-rooted teeth were prepared and teeth were fixed in microcentrifuge tubes with silicone impression material. After setting of the silicone, teeth were removed and split longitudinally in buccolingual direction. One half was used as control (pretreatment) while the other was placed into the tube (posttreatment). Then specimens were divided into six test groups (three with and three without PIPS activation). The irrigants tested were 2.5% NaOCl, 17% EDTA, and 2% CHX. Experimental tooth specimens were irrigated with 6 mL of test solution, with additional PIPS activation applied to the PIPS groups. Then specimens were subjected to Vickers microhardness testing. Percentage change of microhardness was calculated. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) was performed to measure element content. Results: Among the irrigant-alone groups, NaOCl and CHX did not alter the dentin microhardness, whereas statistically lower microhardness values were obtained in EDTA group. Chemical composition of dentin was affected from all irrigants used. PIPS activation led to no additional alteration in dentin microhardness. PIPS significantly increased the phosphorus level in NaOCl group. Conclusions: Dentin microhardness was significantly affected by the irrigation solution, not by the PIPS activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makbule Bilge Akbulut
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Arslan Terlemez
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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18
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Keine KC, Kuga MC, Coaguila-Llerena H, Palma-Dibb RG, Faria G. Peracetic acid as a single endodontic irrigant: effects on microhardness, roughness and erosion of root canal dentin. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 83:375-380. [PMID: 31833180 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to assess the effects of 1% peracetic acid (PAA) as a single endodontic irrigant on microhardness, roughness, and erosion of root canal dentin, compared with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and with 2.5% NaOCl combined with 17% EDTA. Forty human, single-rooted tooth hemisections were submitted to Knoop microhardness test, before and after the following irrigation protocols: PAA = 1% PAA; NaOCl = 2.5% NaOCl; NaOCl-EDTA-NaOCl = 2.5% NaOCl +17% EDTA +2.5% NaOCl; and SS = saline. Another 40 roots were instrumented, irrigated with the same protocols, and sectioned longitudinally. The roughness analysis was performed on the mesial section using a confocal laser scanning microscope, whereas erosion was analyzed on each third of the distal section, using a scanning electron microscope. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey post-tests, and Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post-tests (α = .05). The PAA and NaOCl-EDTA-NaOCl groups showed no significant differences (p > .05); both promoted reduction in microhardness and increase in roughness, compared with the NaOCl and SS groups (p < .05). NaOCl-EDTA-NaOCl promoted higher erosion in the cervical and middle thirds than the other groups (p < .05); there was no difference among PAA, NaOCl, and SS (p > .05). There was also no difference among the groups regarding the apical third (p > .05). PAA used as a single endodontic irrigant caused reduction in root canal dentin microhardness and increase in roughness in a similar way to NaOCl-EDTA-NaOCl; however, PAA caused less erosion than NaOCl-EDTA-NaOCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kátia C Keine
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milton C Kuga
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hernán Coaguila-Llerena
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regina G Palma-Dibb
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, São Paulo University - USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gisele Faria
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Buldur B, Oznurhan F, Kaptan A. The effect of different chelating agents on the push-out bond strength of proroot mta and endosequence root repair material. Eur Oral Res 2019; 53:88-93. [PMID: 31309199 PMCID: PMC6614689 DOI: 10.26650/eor.20191618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 7% maleic acid (MA), and 10% citric acid (CA) on the push-out bond strength of ProRooT MTA and Endosequence Root Repair Material (ERRM) putty. Materials and methods Eighty single-rooted extracted human teeth were instrumented to obtain a standardized immature teeth model. Based on the chelating agents tested, the specimens were randomly divided into three experimental groups: Group 1 (17% EDTA), Group 2 (7% MA), Group 3 (10% CA), and Group 4 (Positive Control) (n=20 for each group). Each group was further classified into two subgroups: Group A (ProRoot MTA) and Group B (Endosequence Root Repair Material (ERRM) putty) (n=10 for each subgroup). After irrigation and placement of cements, teeth were stored at 37°C and in 100% humidity for a week. A total of 240 dentine discs (three discs per teeth) were obtained and subjected to push-out assay. Data was analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc t-test. Results Both types of chelating agent and calcium silicate-based cement were significantly associated with the push-out bond strength values. The push-out bond strength was significantly less for CA as compared to EDTA or MA. ERRM had higher bond strength values than ProRoot MTA (p<0.05). Conclusion The use of chelating agents increased the push-out bond strength of CSC. Regardless of tested chelating agents, ERRM had higher bond strength values than ProRoot MTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Buldur
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Sivas,Turkey
| | - Fatih Oznurhan
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Sivas,Turkey
| | - Arife Kaptan
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Sivas,Turkey
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Tartari T, Wichnieski C, Bachmann L, Jafelicci M, Silva RM, Letra A, van der Hoeven R, Duarte MAH, Bramante CM. Effect of the combination of several irrigants on dentine surface properties, adsorption of chlorhexidine and adhesion of microorganisms to dentine. Int Endod J 2018; 51:1420-1433. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Tartari
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
| | - C. Wichnieski
- Department of Endodontics; Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná; Curitiba PR Brazil
| | - L. Bachmann
- Department of Physics; Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Literature of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - M. Jafelicci
- Department of Physical Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; São Paulo State University; Araraquara SP Brazil
| | - R. M. Silva
- Department of Endodontics; School of Dentistry; University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston TX USA
| | - A. Letra
- Department of Endodontics; School of Dentistry; University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston TX USA
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences; School of Dentistry; University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston TX USA
| | - R. van der Hoeven
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences; School of Dentistry; University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Houston TX USA
| | - M. A. H. Duarte
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
| | - C. M. Bramante
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
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Ballal NV, Ferrer-Luque CM, Sona M, Prabhu KN, Arias-Moliz T, Baca P. Evaluation of final irrigation regimens with maleic acid for smear layer removal and wettability of root canal sealer. Acta Odontol Scand 2018; 76:199-203. [PMID: 29126370 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2017.1402208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the smear layer removal and wettability of AH Plus sealer on root canal dentin treated with MA (maleic acid), MA + CTR (cetrimide) and MA + CTR + CHX (chlorhexidine) as final irrigating regimens. MATERIAL AND METHODS For smear layer removal, 40 teeth were instrumented to size F4 and divided into four groups: (1) 7% MA, (2) 7% MA + 0.2% CTR, (3) 7% MA + 0.2% CTR + 2% CHX, (4) distilled water (control). After irrigation, teeth were subjected to SEM analysis. For contact angle analysis, 20 teeth were split longitudinally and divided into four groups similar to smear layer analysis. AH plus sealer was placed on each specimen and contact angle was analysed. RESULTS In both smear layer (p = .393) and contact angle analysis (p = .961), there was no significant difference between the groups MA and MA + CTR. However, MA + CTR + CHX removed smear layer less effectively (p = .023) and increased the contact angle of the sealer (p = .005). In smear layer analysis, specimens in negative control group were heavily smeared. In case of contact angle analysis, samples in the control group had least contact angle. CONCLUSION MA alone or in combination with CTR removed smear layer effectively and increased the wettability of AH plus sealer to root canal dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidambur Vasudev Ballal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, India
| | | | - Mrunali Sona
- Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, India
| | - K. Narayan Prabhu
- Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, India
| | - Teresa Arias-Moliz
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Baca
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Sakhaei Manesh V, Giacomin P, Stoll R. Quantitative evaluation of root canal surface roughness after filing with adaptive reciprocating and continuous rotary instruments. Microsc Res Tech 2017; 80:657-661. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Sakhaei Manesh
- Discipline of Dentistry, College of Medicine and Dentistry; James Cook University; Cairns Queensland Australia
| | - Paul Giacomin
- Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics; Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University; Cairns Queensland Australia
| | - Richard Stoll
- Discipline of Dentistry, College of Medicine and Dentistry; James Cook University; Cairns Queensland Australia
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Abstract
Microorganisms and their by-products play a critical role in pulp and periradicular pathosis. Therefore, one of the main purposes of root canal treatment is disinfection of the entire system of the canal. This aim may be obtained using mechanical preparation, chemical irrigation, and temporary medication of the canal. For this purpose, various irrigation solutions have been advocated. Common root canal irrigants, such as sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, and a mixture of tetracycline, acid, and detergent have been extensively reviewed. The aim of this review was to address the less common newer root canal irrigation solutions, such as citric acid, maleic acid, electrochemically activated water, green tea, ozonated water, and SmearClear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahed Mohammadi
- Endodontic Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran; Iran's National Elites Foundation, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hamid Jafarzadeh
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran, Phone: +985138829501, e-mail: ;
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Tartari T, Bachmann L, Zancan RF, Vivan RR, Duarte MAH, Bramante CM. Analysis of the effects of several decalcifying agents alone and in combination with sodium hypochlorite on the chemical composition of dentine. Int Endod J 2017; 51 Suppl 1:e42-e54. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Tartari
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
| | - L. Bachmann
- Department of Physics; Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Literature of Ribeirão Preto; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil
| | - R. F. Zancan
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
| | - R. R. Vivan
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
| | - M. A. H. Duarte
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
| | - C. M. Bramante
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials; Bauru School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; Bauru SP Brazil
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Khallaf ME. Effect of two contemporary root canal sealers on root canal dentin microhardness. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e67-e70. [PMID: 28149466 PMCID: PMC5268113 DOI: 10.4317/jced.53052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Successful root canal treatment depends on proper cleaning, disinfecting and shaping of the root canal space. Pulpless teeth have lower dentin microhardness value compared to that of vital teeth. A material which can cause change in dentin composition may affect the microhardness. Thus the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of two root canal sealers on dentin microhardness. Material and Methods Forty two single rooted teeth were selected and divided into 3 equal groups; Apexit, iRootSP and control groups (n=14) Each group was then divided into 2 subgroups according to the post evaluation period; 1 week and 2 months (n=7). Root canal procedure was done in the experimental groups and obturation was made using either; Apexit, iRootSP or left unprepared and unobturated in the control group. Roots were sectioned transversely into cervical, middle and apical segments. The three sections of each root were mounted in a plastic chuck with acrylic resin. The coronal dentin surfaces of the root segments werepolished. Microhardness of each section was measured at 500 µm and 1000 µm from the canal lumen. Results Four way-ANOVA revealed that different tested sealer materials, canal third, measuring distance from the pulp and time as independent variables had statistically non significant effect on mean microhardness values (VHN) at p≤0.001. Among iRootSP groups there was a statistically significant difference between iRoot SP at coronal root portion (87.79±17.83) and iRoot SP at apical root portion (76.26±9.33) groups where (p=0.01). IRoot SP at coronal canal third had higher statistically significant mean microhardness value (87.79±17.83) compared to Apexit at coronal third (73.61±13.47) where (p=0.01). Conclusions Root canal sealers do not affect dentin microhardness. Key words:Root canal, dentin, sealers, microhardness, bioceramic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram E Khallaf
- Researcher at Restorative and Dental Materials Research department, National Research centre, Giza. Egypt
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Bhandary S, Kakamari S, Srinivasan R, Chandrappa MM, Nasreen F, Junjanna P. A comparative evaluation of the effect of 8% and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid exposure for 1 min and 10 min on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated roots: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2017; 20:21-24. [PMID: 28761248 PMCID: PMC5514805 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.209073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of 8% and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) exposure for 1 min and 10 min on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated roots. Methodology: Sixty human single-rooted teeth were decoronated and divided into six groups (n = 10). Canal preparation was carried out except in negative control group, using the ProTaper rotary file system. Final irrigation was performed using distilled water, 17% EDTA for 1 min and 10 min, 8% EDTA for 1 min and 10 min. Thereafter, roots were obturated with ProTaper F3 Gutta-percha points and AH Plus sealer using a single-cone technique. The specimens were loaded vertically at 1 mm/min crosshead speed until vertical root fracture occurred. Results were evaluated statistically with one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey test. Results: Analysis of results showed that the unprepared roots showed the highest fracture resistance and roots irrigated with 17% EDTA for 10 min showed the lowest fracture resistance. The mean fracture resistance of unprepared roots, roots irrigated with 8% EDTA for 10 min and 17% EDTA for 1 min was significantly higher than roots irrigated with 8% EDTA for 1 min, 17% EDTA for 10 min and distilled water. Conclusion: From a clinical viewpoint, if EDTA has to be used, it is safer to use higher concentration for a shorter application time or a low concentration with a longer application time. Prolonged use of high concentrations of EDTA might increase the risk of root fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreetha Bhandary
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Amrith Educational and Cultural Society, Maaruti College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sapna Kakamari
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Amrith Educational and Cultural Society, Maaruti College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghu Srinivasan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Amrith Educational and Cultural Society, Maaruti College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahesh Martur Chandrappa
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Amrith Educational and Cultural Society, Maaruti College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Farhat Nasreen
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Amrith Educational and Cultural Society, Maaruti College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Pramod Junjanna
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Amrith Educational and Cultural Society, Maaruti College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Wang L, Zhao Y, Mei L, Yu H, Muhammad I, Pan Y, Huang S. Effect of application time of maleic acid on smear layer removal and mechanical properties of root canal dentin. Acta Odontol Scand 2017; 75:59-66. [PMID: 27796169 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2016.1248789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of maleic acid (MA) on the cleaning efficacy and mechanical properties of root canal dentine with respect to different time exposure. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and eighty single-canal premolars were instrumented with rotary-files and then randomly assigned to test groups receiving 7% MA for 30 s, 45 s, 1 min, or 3 min or to control groups treated with 0.9% saline or 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid for 45 s. The micro-hardness, nano-hardness and elastic modules were measured before and after treatment, while the amount of smear and erosion in the coronal, middle and apical thirds in root canal were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, finally, the fracture strength was assessed by vertical root fracture testing. RESULTS The efficacy of smear layer removal increased with increasing MA application time. The largest effect was observed at 45 s, even in the apical third, whereas the treatment for 1 min resulted in irreversible erosion of the dentine surface. The micro-hardness and nano-indentation testing confirmed that the micro- and nano-scale mechanical properties were significantly decreased after MA application for 1 min. Furthermore, the specimens treated with MA for 3 min presented the lowest fracture resistance among all groups. In contrast, the 45 s treatment appeared to increase the fracture resistance of the tooth. CONCLUSIONS The cleaning efficacy and mechanical properties of root canal dentine varied with MA exposure time. The application of MA for 45 s was found to be the most promising for clinical use.
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Kamble AB, Abraham S, Kakde DD, Shashidhar C, Mehta DL. Scanning Electron Microscopic Evaluation of Efficacy of 17% Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid and Chitosan for Smear Layer Removal with Ultrasonics: An In vitro Study. Contemp Clin Dent 2017; 8:621-626. [PMID: 29326515 PMCID: PMC5754985 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_745_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The main aim of root canal treatment is cleaning, shaping and then obturating three dimensionally to prevent reinfection. This includes chemicomechanical cleansing by instrumentation and the use of irrigating solutions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the smear layer removal from root canal dentine subjected to two root canal irrigants, 17% EDTA and 0.2% Chitosan, a new irrigant using Scanning Electron Microscope. Methodology: 40 single rooted premolars were decoronated followed by instrumentation with I Race files and intermediate irrigation with 3% sodium hypochlorite and activation with ultrasonics. Then the samples were longitudinally sectioned and place in the respective test solutions and their controls for 5 minutes. Scanning Electron Microscopic evaluation was further carried out. Results: The results of the present study indicates that the Chitosan which was proved effective in removing smear layer. Conclusion: A moderate concentration of 0.2% chitosan removes the smear layer with greater efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aradhana Babu Kamble
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, S.M.B.T. Dental College and Hospital, Sangamner, Ahmednagar, India
| | - Sathish Abraham
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, S.M.B.T. Dental College and Hospital, Sangamner, Ahmednagar, India
| | - Deepak Dadarao Kakde
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Aditya Dental College and Hospital, Beed, Maharashtra, India
| | - C Shashidhar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, S.M.B.T. Dental College and Hospital, Sangamner, Ahmednagar, India
| | - Disha Lalit Mehta
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, S.M.B.T. Dental College and Hospital, Sangamner, Ahmednagar, India
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Fahmy SH, El Gendy AAH, El Ashry SH. Dentin wettability enhancement for three irrigating solutions and their effect on push out bond strength of gutta percha / AH Plus. J Clin Exp Dent 2015; 7:e237-42. [PMID: 26155339 PMCID: PMC4483330 DOI: 10.4317/jced.51865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of wettability enhancement for 17% EDTA, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 7% maleic acid solutions on push out bond strength of gutta percha /AH Plus to root dentin. Material and Methods One hundred and eight extracted single rooted human lower premolars were instrumented up to Protaper Universal F5 then irrigated with 3ml of 2.5% NaOCl after each file. Irrigants were prepared and a pilot study for determination of Tween 80 concentration yielding the lowest surface tension value in every solution was conducted. Samples were randomly divided into a control group and two experimental groups (17% EDTA and 7% Maleate), further split into eight subgroups (n=12), according to Tween 80 implementation sequence. Roots were obturated using gutta percha and AH plus by lateral condensation. Bond strength was measured by push out test. Mode of failure was then evaluated quantitatively by stereomicroscopy. Data were statistically analyzed using one way ANOVA followed by Tukey-Kramer for multiple comparisons. Results Control group showed the lowest values. Maleic acid subgroups showed significantly higher overall values than EDTA subgroups (P<0.05). Protocols implementing surfactant containing NaOCl showed significantly lower values than plain counterparts. Failure pattern was predominantly cohesive for plain regimens and the ones implementing Tween 80 in maleic acid solutions with plain NaOCl. Conclusions Tween 80 addition to demineralizing irrigants increased the bond strength values. Surfactant containing NaOCl solutions yielded lower bond strength than plain ones. Key words:Wettability enhancement for three irrigants vs. corresponding gutta percha/AH Plus bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah-Hossam Fahmy
- Assistant Lecturer at the Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University
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de Macedo HS, Colucci V, Messias DCF, Rached-Júnior FJA, Fernandes FS, Silva-Sousa YTC, Raucci-Neto W. Effect of Nd:YAG (1064-nm) and Diode Laser (980-nm) EDTA Agitation on Root Dentin Ultrastructure Properties. Photomed Laser Surg 2015; 33:349-56. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2014.3857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vivian Colucci
- Dentistry Department, University of Ribeirão Preto–UNAERP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Walter Raucci-Neto
- Dentistry Department, University of Ribeirão Preto–UNAERP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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TUNCEL B, NAGAS E, CEHRELİ Z, UYANIK O, VALLITTU P, LASSILA L. Effect of endodontic chelating solutions on the bond strength of endodontic sealers. Braz Oral Res 2015; 29:S1806-83242015000100256. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Kara Tuncer A, Tuncer S, Siso SH. Effect of QMix irrigant on the microhardness of root canal dentine. Aust Dent J 2015; 60:163-8. [PMID: 25329355 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Kara Tuncer
- Department of Endodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Bezmialem Vakıf University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - S Tuncer
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Istanbul University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - SH Siso
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Bezmialem Vakıf University; Istanbul Turkey
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Das A, Kottoor J, Mathew J, Kumar S, George S. Dentine microhardness changes following conventional and alternate irrigation regimens: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2014; 17:546-9. [PMID: 25506142 PMCID: PMC4252928 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.144592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare the changes in microhardness of root dentin caused by two novel irrigation regimens with conventional irrigation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty extracted human permanent incisor teeth were selected. Decoronated roots were separated longitudinally to get 80 specimens that were embedded in autopolymerizing acrylic resin and grounded flat with silicon carbide abrasive papers. Of these, 60 root segments without any cracks or defects were selected and divided into four groups according to the irrigation regimen used (n = 15). Group I: 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) + 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) + 0.2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) (conventional). Group II: 6% Morinda Citrifolia Juice + 17% EDTA (MCJ). Group III: 5% NaOCl + Q Mix 2 in 1 (QMix). Group IV: Distilled water (control). Irrigation regimens were performed for 5 minutes. Dentin microhardness was measured with a Vickers indenter under a 200-g load and a 20-s dwell time at the midroot level of root dentin. The data were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis test and Dunn's multiple comparison tests. RESULTS A significant difference was seen in the median values of the four groups. The control group showed the least reduction in microhardness when comparison with the other groups. Except for Group III (Q Mix), the other groups that were tested (MCJ and conventional regimens) showed statistically significant difference from the control group. CONCLUSION Within the limitation of this study, it was concluded that NaOCl + Q Mix were least detrimental to root dentin microhardness when compared with MCJ and conventional irrigation regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusree Das
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mar Baselios Dental College, Kothamangalam, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
| | - Jojo Kottoor
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mar Baselios Dental College, Kothamangalam, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
| | - Joy Mathew
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mar Baselios Dental College, Kothamangalam, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
| | - Sanjana Kumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mar Baselios Dental College, Kothamangalam, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
| | - Saira George
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mar Baselios Dental College, Kothamangalam, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
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Baba NZ, Goodacre CJ. Restoration of endodontically treated teeth: contemporary concepts and future perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/etp.12066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Evaluation of Effectiveness of Various Irrigating Solutions on Removal of Calcium Hydroxide Mixed with 2% Chlorhexidine Gel and Detection of Orange-brown Precipitate after Removal. J Endod 2014; 40:1820-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Pascon FM, Kantovitz KR, Gaspar JF, De Paula AB, Puppin-Rontani RM. Effects of chemical agents on physical properties and structure of primary pulp chamber dentin. Microsc Res Tech 2014; 77:52-6. [PMID: 24738149 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of chemical agents on the physical properties and structure of primary pulp chamber dentin using surface roughness, microhardness tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Twenty-five primary teeth were sectioned exposing the pulp chamber and were divided into five groups (n = 5): NT, no treatment; SH1, 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); SH1U, 1% NaOCl + Endo-PTC®; SH1E, 1% NaOCl + 17% EDTA; and E, 17% EDTA. After dentin treatment, the specimens were submitted to roughness, microhardness testing, and SEM analysis. Roughness and microhardness data were submitted to one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (P < 0.05). The SH1E group showed the highest roughness, followed by the E group (P < 0.05) when compared with the NT, SH1, and SH1U groups. Microhardness values of SH1 and SH1U showed no significant difference as compared to the NT (control) group (P > 0.05). Microhardness values could not be obtained in the EDTA groups (SH1E and E). The presence of intertubular dentin with opened dentin tubules was observed in the NT, SH1, and SH1U groups. SH1E showed eroded and disorganized dentin with few opened tubules and the intertubular/peritubular dentin was partially removed. Considering the physical and structural approaches and the chemical agents studied, it can be concluded that NaOCl and NaOCl associated with Endo-PTC® were the agents that promoted the smallest changes in surface roughness, microhardness, and structure of the pulp chamber dentin of primary teeth.
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Abstract
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a chelating agent can bind to metals via four carboxylate and two amine groups. It is a polyamino carboxylic acid and a colorless, water-soluble solid, which is widely used to dissolve lime scale. It is produced as several salts, notably disodium EDTA and calcium disodium EDTA. EDTA reacts with the calcium ions in dentine and forms soluble calcium chelates. A review of the literature and a discussion of the different indications and considerations for its usage are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahed Mohammadi
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research (ICER), Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sousan Shalavi
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research (ICER), Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Jafarzadeh
- Dental Research Center, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Tartari T, Duarte Junior AP, Silva Júnior JOC, Klautau EB, Silva E Souza Junior MH, Silva E Souza Junior PDAR. Etidronate from medicine to endodontics: effects of different irrigation regimes on root dentin roughness. J Appl Oral Sci 2014; 21:409-15. [PMID: 24212986 PMCID: PMC3881837 DOI: 10.1590/1679-775720130201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED An increase in dentin roughness, associated with surface composition, contributes to bacterial adherence in recontaminations. Surface roughness is also important for micromechanical interlocking of dental materials to dentin, and understanding the characteristics of the surface is essential to obtain the adhesion of root canal sealers that have different physico-chemical characteristics. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA), etidronic (HEBP), and citric acid (CA) associated with different irrigation regimens on root dentin roughness. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-five root halves of anterior teeth were used. The root parts were sectioned in thirds, embedded in acrylic resin and polished to a standard surface roughness. Initially, the samples of each third were randomly assigned into 3 groups and treated as follows: G1 - saline solution (control); G2 - 5% NaOCl+18% HEBP mixed in equal parts; and G3 - 2.5% NaOCl. After initial measuments, the G3 samples were distributed into subgroups G4, G5 and G6, which were subjected to 17% EDTA, 10% CA and 9% HEBP, respectively. Following the new measuments, these groups received a final flush with 2.5% NaOCl, producing G7, G8 and G9. The dentin surface roughness (Ra) was determined before and after treatments using a profilometer. The Wilcoxon test (α<0.05) was used to compare the values before and after treatments, and the Friedman test (α<0.05) to detect any differences among root thirds. RESULTS (i) NaOCl did not affect the surface roughness; (ii) there was a significant increase in roughness after the use of chelating agents (P<0.01); and (iii) only the G3 group showed a difference in surface roughness between apical third and other thirds of the teeth (P<0.0043). CONCLUSION Only the irrigation regimens that used chelating agents altered the roughness of root dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Tartari
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Federal University of Pará, BelémPA, Brazil
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Barón M, Llena C, Forner L, Palomares M, González-García C, Salmerón-Sánchez M. Nanostructural changes in dentine caused by endodontic irrigants. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2013; 18:e733-6. [PMID: 23524430 PMCID: PMC3731106 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.18713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study nanostructural dentinal changes produced by endodontic irrigants. STUDY DESIGN Experimental study. Nanoindentations were performed on peritubular (PD) and intertubular dentine (ID) with an atomic force microscopy. Stiffness and adhesion force were determined before and after application of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Normalized differences before and after treatment for stiffness and adhesion forces were calculated. A paired T-test was used to compare stiffness and adhesion force before and after irrigants application. RESULTS After treatment with EDTA there was a 29.80% reduction in stiffness in ID and a 63.53% reduction in PD. Adhesion force was reduced by 21.22% and 8.21% respectively. After treatment with 5.25% NaOCI stiffness was reduced by 2.49% in ID and increased by 15.01% in PD. Adhesion force increased by 25.11% and 23.97% respectively. CONCLUSIONS 17% EDTA reduced stiffness and adhesion force in ID and PD. Treatment with NaOCI at 5.25% had no significant effect on stiffness but did affect adhesion force in ID and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Barón
- Department of Stomatology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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Ballal NV, Tweeny A, Khechen K, Prabhu KN, Tay FR. Wettability of root canal sealers on intraradicular dentine treated with different irrigating solutions. J Dent 2013; 41:556-60. [PMID: 23603234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Revised: 03/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nidambur Vasudev Ballal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal University, Karnataka, India
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Barutcigil C, Arslan H, Ozcan E, Harorlı O. Micro-tensile bond strength of adhesives to pulp chamber dentin after irrigation with Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. J Conserv Dent 2012; 15:242-5. [PMID: 22876010 PMCID: PMC3410333 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.97947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Revised: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different concentrations of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution on adhesion, that is, the bond strength of the different adhesive systems, to the pulp chamber dentin. Materials and Methods: Recently extracted, sound, human, third molars were cut horizontally to expose the pulp horn. The roof of the pulp chamber and pulp tissue was removed. The teeth were then divided into five main groups. The teeth in each group were treated as follows: group 1, irrigated with saline; group 2, with 5% EDTA for 5 minutes; group 3, with 15% EDTA for 5 minutes; group 4, with 17% EDTA for 5 minutes and group 5, with 19% EDTA for 5 minutes. Treated specimens were dried and divided into 2 subgroups for adhesives; bonded with a total-etching adhesive (Adper Scotchbond Multi-purpose - ASB) or a one bottle of self-etch adhesive system (Clearfil S3 Bond – CS3). After the bonding procedure and composite restoration, teeth were sectioned and dentin sticks were obtained from each group for micro tensile testing (n = 10). Micro tensile testing was performed and scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs were taken for each irrigated group. Results: In the ASB group, saline showed statistically higher bond strength values at the different concentrations of EDTA, while the micro-tensile bond strengths of the different concentrations of EDTA were not statistically different. In the CS3 group, saline and 5% EDTA showed statistically higher bond strength values than 17% and 19% EDTA, while the micro-tensile bond strengths of 15% EDTA compared to saline and 5% EDTA and 15% EDTA compared to 17% EDTA and 19% EDTA, were not statistically different. Conclusion: This study showed that EDTA irrigation can affect the bond strength of adhesive systems on pulp chamber lateral walls. Clinically, low EDTA concentrations can be recommended if self-etch adhesives have been selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Barutcigil
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Akdeniz University 07058 Antalya, Turkey
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Effect of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid on Root Fracture with Respect to Concentration at Different Time Exposures. J Endod 2012; 38:1110-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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The Effect of Surfactant Addition to EDTA on Microhardness of Root Dentin. J Endod 2012; 38:704-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Moreira DM, de Andrade Feitosa JP, Line SRP, Zaia AA. Effects of Reducing Agents on Birefringence Dentin Collagen after Use of Different Endodontic Auxiliary Chemical Substances. J Endod 2011; 37:1406-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Revised: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Effect of Chelating Solutions on the Microhardness of Root Canal Lumen Dentin. J Endod 2011; 37:358-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Revised: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ulusoy ÖİA, Görgül G. Effects of different irrigation solutions on root dentine microhardness, smear layer removal and erosion. AUST ENDOD J 2011; 39:66-72. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-4477.2010.00291.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Neelakantan P, Subbarao C, Subbarao CV, De-Deus G, Zehnder M. The impact of root dentine conditioning on sealing ability and push-out bond strength of an epoxy resin root canal sealer. Int Endod J 2011; 44:491-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01848.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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