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Di T, Feng C, Wang L, Xu J, Du Y, Cheng B, Chen Y, Wu L. Enhancing Vasculogenesis in Dental Pulp Development: DPSCs-ECs Communication via FN1-ITGA5 Signaling. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:1060-1077. [PMID: 38418738 PMCID: PMC11087358 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10695-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental pulp regeneration therapy is a challenge to achieve early vascularization during treatment. Studying the regulatory mechanisms of vascular formation during human dental pulp development may provide insights for related therapies. In this study, we utilized single-cell sequencing analysis to compare the gene expression of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and vascular endothelial cells (ECs) from developing and mature dental pulps. METHOD Immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect fibronectin 1 (FN1) expression and molecules, such as PI3K/AKT. Cell proliferation assay, scratch assay, tube formation assay and were used to investigate the effects of DPSCs on the vasculogenetic capability of ECs. Additionally, animal experiments involving mice were conducted. RESULT The results revealed that DPSCs exist around dental pulp vasculature. FN1 expression was significantly higher in DPSCs from young permanent pulps than mature pulps, promoting HUVEC proliferation, migration, and tube formation via ITGA5 and the downstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that intercellular communication between DPSCs and ECs mediated by FN1-ITGA5 signaling is crucial for vascularizationduring dental pulp development, laying an experimental foundation for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiankai Di
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Stomatology, No.969 Hospital, Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Feng
- Center for Computational Biology, Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, No.969 Hospital, Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlong Xu
- Department of Stomatology, No.969 Hospital, Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Baixiang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Department of General Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Neurobiology and Institute of Neurosciences, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China.
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Zhou L, Zhao S, Xing X. Effects of different signaling pathways on odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells: a review. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1272764. [PMID: 37929208 PMCID: PMC10622672 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1272764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a type of mesenchymal stem cells that can differentiate into odontoblast-like cells and protect the pulp. The differentiation of DPSCs can be influenced by biomaterials or growth factors that activate different signaling pathways in vitro or in vivo. In this review, we summarized six major pathways involved in the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs, Wnt signaling pathways, Smad signaling pathways, MAPK signaling pathways, NF-kB signaling pathways, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, and Notch signaling pathways. Various factors can influence the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs through one or more signaling pathways. By understanding the interactions between these signaling pathways, we can expand our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the regeneration of the pulp-dentin complex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xianghui Xing
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Cabaña-Muñoz ME, Pelaz Fernández MJ, Parmigiani-Cabaña JM, Parmigiani-Izquierdo JM, Merino JJ. Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Oral Cavity and Surrounding Areas: Types and Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2109. [PMID: 37631323 PMCID: PMC10459416 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stem cells are those obtained from the conformation of dental structures (DMSC), such as deciduous and permanent teeth and other surrounding tissues. Background: The self-renewal and differentiation capacities of these adult stem cells allow for great clinical potential. Because DMSC are cells of ectomesenchymal origin, they reveal a high capacity for complete regeneration of dental pulp, periodontal tissue, and other biomedical applications; their differentiation into other types of cells promotes repair in muscle tissue, cardiac, pancreatic, nervous, bone, cartilage, skin, and corneal tissues, among others, with a high predictability of success. Therefore, stem and progenitor cells, with their exosomes of dental origin and surrounding areas in the oral cavity due to their plasticity, are considered a fundamental pillar in medicine and regenerative dentistry. Tissue engineering (MSCs, scaffolds, and bioactive molecules) sustains and induces its multipotent and immunomodulatory effects. It is of vital importance to guarantee the safety and efficacy of the procedures designed for patients, and for this purpose, more clinical trials are needed to increase the efficacy of several pathologies. Conclusion: From a bioethical and transcendental anthropological point of view, the human person as a unique being facilitates better clinical and personalized therapy, given the higher prevalence of dental and chronic systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Cabaña-Muñoz
- CIROM—Centro de Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, 30001 Murcia, Spain; (M.E.C.-M.); (J.M.P.-C.); (J.M.P.-I.)
| | | | - José María Parmigiani-Cabaña
- CIROM—Centro de Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, 30001 Murcia, Spain; (M.E.C.-M.); (J.M.P.-C.); (J.M.P.-I.)
| | | | - José Joaquín Merino
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (U.C.M), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Bucchi C, Bucchi A, Martínez-Rodríguez P. Biological Properties of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Isolated from Inflamed and Healthy Pulp and Cultured in an Inflammatory Microenvironment. J Endod 2023; 49:395-401.e6. [PMID: 36828285 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to assess whether the biological characteristics of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), such as viability, adhesion to dentin, mineralization, and release of immunomodulatory cytokines, are affected by the inflammatory status of the donor tissue and/or the sustained inflammatory environment. METHODS DPSCs were isolated from pulps from 3 caries-free teeth (healthy or hDPSCs), and from 3 teeth with irreversible pulpitis or deep caries (unhealthy DPSCs or uDPSCs). The cells were cultured in odontogenic and osteogenic media with or without lipopolysaccharides. Viability was analyzed by MTT assay at days 1, 3, 5, and 7; adhesion to dentin was evaluated through an environmental scanning electron microscope after 48 hours and through MTT assay; mineralization was analyzed with alizarin red staining after 21 days; and the release of proinflammatory (interleukin 6) and immunosuppressive cytokines (interleukin 10) was measured with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after 24 hours and 7 days. RESULTS The inflammatory status of the pulp significantly reduced the viability and mineralization capacity of the DPSCs, although it did not affect the adhesion capacity to dentin or the secretion of the proinflammatory interleukin. The inflammatory microenvironment (lipopolysaccharide) only had a significant impact on the secretion of interleukin 6, which was augmented after 7 days. CONCLUSIONS The inflammatory status of the dental pulp should be taken into account when the use of DPSCs is intended either for research and/or for application in reparative or regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Bucchi
- Integral Adult Dentistry Department, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Oral Biology Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Ana Bucchi
- Centro de Investigación en Odontología Legal y Forense (CIO), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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Arora S, Cooper PR, Friedlander LT, Seo B, Rizwan SB, Rich AM, Hussaini HM. Potentiality and Inflammatory Marker Expression Are Maintained in Dental Pulp Cell Cultures from Carious Teeth. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169425. [PMID: 36012689 PMCID: PMC9409171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This investigation aimed to isolate and culture human dental pulp cells from carious teeth (cHDPCs) and compare their growth characteristics, colony-forming efficiency, mineralization potential and gene expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR)-2, TLR-4, TLR-9, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17A, 1L-17R, IL-23A, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK1), dentin matrix protein (DMP)-1, dentin sialophospho protein (DSPP), sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) and marker of proliferation Ki-67 (MKi67) with cells isolated from healthy or non-carious teeth (ncHDPCs). Methods: Pulp tissues were obtained from both healthy and carious teeth (n = 5, each) to generate primary cell lines using the explant culture technique. Cell cultures studies were undertaken by generating growth curves, a colony forming unit and a mineralization assay analysis. The expression of vimentin was assessed using immunocytochemistry (ICC), and the gene expression of above-mentioned genes was determined using quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results: ncHDPCs and cHDPCs were successfully isolated and cultured from healthy and inflamed human dental pulp tissue. At passage 4, both HDPC types demonstrated a typical spindle morphology with positive vimentin expression. No statistical difference was observed between ncHDPCs and cHDPCs in their growth characteristics or ability to differentiate into a mineralizing phenotype. ncHDPCs showed a statistically significant higher colony forming efficiency than cHDPCs. The gene expression levels of TLR-2, TLR-4, TLR-9, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17R, IL-23A, NF-κB, MAPK1, DMP1, DSPP and SOX2 were significantly higher in cHDPCs compared with ncHDPC cultures. Conclusion: cHDPCs retain their differentiation potential and inflammatory phenotype in vitro. The inflamed tooth pulp contains viable stem/progenitor cell populations which have the potential for expansion, proliferation and differentiation into a mineralizing lineage, similar to cells obtained from healthy pulp tissue. These findings have positive implications for regenerative endodontic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Arora
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Paul R. Cooper
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Lara T. Friedlander
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Benedict Seo
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Shakila B. Rizwan
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Alison M. Rich
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Haizal Mohd Hussaini
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60132, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
- Correspondence:
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Lan C, Chen S, Jiang S, Lei H, Cai Z, Huang X. Different expression patterns of inflammatory cytokines induced by lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli or Porphyromonas gingivalis in human dental pulp stem cells. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:121. [PMID: 35413908 PMCID: PMC9004173 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is one of the leading causes of pulpitis. The differences in establishing an in vitro pulpitis model by using different lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are unknown. This study aimed to determine the discrepancy in the ability to induce the expression of inflammatory cytokines and the underlying mechanism between Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) LPSs in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs).
Material and methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) was used to evaluate the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, IL-8, COX-2, IL-1β, and TNF-α expressed by hDPSCs at each time point. ELISA was used to assess the interleukin-6 (IL-6) protein level. The role of toll-like receptors (TLR)2 and TLR4 in the inflammatory response in hDPSCs initiated by LPSs was assessed by QRT-PCR and flow cytometry. Results The E. coli LPS significantly enhanced the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and the production of the IL-6 protein (p < 0.05) in hDPSCs. The peaks of all observed inflammation mediators’ expression in hDPSCs were reached 3–12 h after stimulation by 1 μg/mL E. coli LPS. E. coli LPS enhanced the TLR4 expression (p < 0.05) but not TLR2 in hDPSCs, whereas P. gingivalis LPS did not affect TLR2 or TLR4 expression in hDPSCs. The TLR4 inhibitor pretreatment significantly inhibited the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines upregulated by E. coli LPS (p < 0.05). Conclusion Under the condition of this study, E. coli LPS but not P. gingivalis LPS is effective in promoting the expression of inflammatory cytokines by hDPSCs. E. coli LPS increases the TLR4 expression in hDPSCs. P. gingivalis LPS has no effect on TLR2 or TLR4 expression in hDPSCs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02161-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Lan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yangqiao Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yangqiao Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Southern Medical University, Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Shenzhen, China
| | - Huaxiang Lei
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yangqiao Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiyu Cai
- Department of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Lab of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, 246 Yangqiao Zhong Road, Fuzhou, 350002, China. .,Institute of Stomatology & Research Center of Dental and Craniofacial Implants, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
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Shoushrah SH, Transfeld JL, Tonk CH, Büchner D, Witzleben S, Sieber MA, Schulze M, Tobiasch E. Sinking Our Teeth in Getting Dental Stem Cells to Clinics for Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6387. [PMID: 34203719 PMCID: PMC8232184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental stem cells have been isolated from the medical waste of various dental tissues. They have been characterized by numerous markers, which are evaluated herein and differentiated into multiple cell types. They can also be used to generate cell lines and iPSCs for long-term in vitro research. Methods for utilizing these stem cells including cellular systems such as organoids or cell sheets, cell-free systems such as exosomes, and scaffold-based approaches with and without drug release concepts are reported in this review and presented with new pictures for clarification. These in vitro applications can be deployed in disease modeling and subsequent pharmaceutical research and also pave the way for tissue regeneration. The main focus herein is on the potential of dental stem cells for hard tissue regeneration, especially bone, by evaluating their potential for osteogenesis and angiogenesis, and the regulation of these two processes by growth factors and environmental stimulators. Current in vitro and in vivo publications show numerous benefits of using dental stem cells for research purposes and hard tissue regeneration. However, only a few clinical trials currently exist. The goal of this review is to pinpoint this imbalance and encourage scientists to pick up this research and proceed one step further to translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Edda Tobiasch
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig- Strasse. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (S.H.S.); (J.L.T.); (C.H.T.); (D.B.); (S.W.); (M.A.S.); (M.S.)
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8
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Chen Y, Li X, Wu J, Lu W, Xu W, Wu B. Dental pulp stem cells from human teeth with deep caries displayed an enhanced angiogenesis potential in vitro. J Dent Sci 2020; 16:318-326. [PMID: 33384815 PMCID: PMC7770258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Dental pulp stem cells can be isolated from human teeth with deep caries (cDPSCs), but their biological characteristics are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the angiogenic potential of cDPSCs and compare them to dental pulp stem cells from human normal teeth (nDPSCs). Materials and methods Cells were isolated from human pulp tissue of normal and infected teeth with deep caries. Basic mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) characterization was conducted. Colony forming units and proliferation ability were evaluated in nDPSCs and cDPSCs. Expression of VEGF in both tissues and cells was examined by immunohistochemical staining. After stimulating nDPSCs and cDPSCs with an angiogenic medium, angiogenic markers were evaluated by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Finally, tube formation assays were used to evaluate the in vitro angiogenesis potential of both cell populations. Results Both nDPSCs and cDPSCs possessed typical MSC characteristics. cDPSCs had enhanced colony formation and proliferation capacities than nDPSCs did. The expression of VEGF was higher in pulp tissue from teeth with deep caries and cDPSCs than in normal tissue and nDPSCs. When both cell types were grown in vitro under angiogenic conditions, cDPSCs expressed a higher level of angiogenic markers and showed a stronger angiogenesis potential than nDPSCs did. Conclusion cDPSCs maintained MSC traits and presented a higher angiogenesis potential than nDPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinzhu Li
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyi Wu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanyu Lu
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenan Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Lu W, Xu W, Li J, Chen Y, Pan Y, Wu B. Effects of vascular endothelial growth factor and insulin growth factor‑1 on proliferation, migration, osteogenesis and vascularization of human carious dental pulp stem cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3924-3932. [PMID: 31485628 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wanyu Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Wenan Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Jianjia Li
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yuhua Pan
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Abstract
Abstract
The dentine-pulp complex response in deep caries is histological characterized by tertiary formation and mild chronic pulp inflammation. The quiescent primary odontoblasts are reactivated, laying down reactionary tertiary dentine. In more severe carious damage the primary odontoblasts die and reparative tertiary dentine is secreted by odontoblast-like cells, which are differentiated in adult teeth mainly from dental pulp stem cells DPSC. Though associated with reversible pulpitis DPSC still preserve in deep caries the capability of migration, proliferation and differentiation. Some common mechanisms of molecular signals involved in tertiary dentine formation might also explain the balance between inflammation and regeneration of dentine-pulp complex.
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11
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Benetti F, Briso ALF, de Araújo Lopes JM, Carminatti M, Conti LC, Gallinari MO, Ervolino E, Cintra LTA. In vivo analysis of the presence of heme oxygenase-1, transcription factor Jun-D and CD90+/CD73+/CD105+/CD45- cells in the pulp of bleached teeth. Int Endod J 2019; 52:1723-1737. [PMID: 31322737 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 )-induced responsiveness in pulp cells using heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) immunolabelling, Jun-D immunolabelling to study the effects of H2 O2 on odontoblastic differentiation and CD90+/CD73+/CD105+/CD45- cell counting for in vivo identification of mesenchymal stem cells in the pulp. METHODOLOGY The maxillary molars of 50 rats were treated with a bleaching gel (35% H2 O2 , 1 × 30 min) or placebo gel (control groups). At 2, 3, 7, 15 and 30 days after the treatment (n = 10), inflammation in pulp tissue was analysed by haematoxylin-eosin staining, HO-1- and Jun-D-immunolabelled cells were counted in each third of the pulp chamber, and the number of CD90+/CD73+/CD105+/CD45- cells was quantified by immunofluorescence. The results were assessed using the Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test (P < 0.05). RESULTS Significant H2 O2 -induced inflammation was noted at 2 and 3 days (P < 0.05), with tertiary dentine formation occurring from 7 days. The bleached specimens had greater HO-1 immunolabelling in the middle and cervical thirds of the coronal pulp at 2 and 3 days, in all thirds at 7 days, and in the occlusal third at 15 days (P < 0.05), and significant nuclear Jun-D immunolabelling in the cervical third at 2 and 3 days and in the occlusal and middle thirds at 7 days (P < 0.05). Bleached and control groups had low numbers of CD90+/CD73+/CD105+/CD45- cells in the pulp at all periods (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Pulp cells responded to oxidative stress by expressing HO-1 during the post-bleaching inflammation phase until the beginning of the repair phase. Jun-D expression occurred during the reduction of inflammation and the beginning of tertiary dentine production. The presence of oxidative stress did not influence the number of CD90+/CD73+/CD105+/CD45- cells identified in vivo in the dental pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Benetti
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - A L F Briso
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - J M de Araújo Lopes
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - M Carminatti
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - L C Conti
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - M O Gallinari
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - E Ervolino
- Department of Basic Science, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - L T A Cintra
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
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12
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Yu H, Zhang X, Song W, Pan T, Wang H, Ning T, Wei Q, Xu HH, Wu B, Ma D. Effects of 3-dimensional Bioprinting Alginate/Gelatin Hydrogel Scaffold Extract on Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. J Endod 2019; 45:706-715. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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13
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Wang H, Ning T, Song C, Luo X, Xu S, Zhang X, Deng Z, Ma D, Wu B. Priming integrin α5 promotes human dental pulp stem cells odontogenic differentiation due to extracellular matrix deposition and amplified extracellular matrix-receptor activity. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:12897-12909. [PMID: 30556904 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study showed that knocking down integrin α5 (ITGA5) expression by using a lentiviral vector in human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) led to weakening proliferation and migration capacity while enhanced odontogenic differentiation. To seek for possible clinical application, we investigated the effect of the ITGA5 priming synthetic cyclic peptide (SCP; GA-CRRETAWAC-GA) on proliferation, migration, and the odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Remarkably, the involved mechanism was explored by isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation proteomic technique, and the in vivo effect of ITGA5 was investigated by nude mice subcutaneous transplantation of cell and hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate complex. Results showed that SCP weakened the proliferation and migration capacity while enhanced odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs as lentivirus. The phosphorylation of FAK, PI3K/AKT, and MEK1/2/ERK1/2, along with IGF2/IGFBP2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway play an important role in this process. Proteomic Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis revealed the key role of extracellular matrix (ECM) and ECM-receptor activity pathway were involved. ECM constituents, secreted protein acidic and cysteine-rich (SPARC), lumican, vitronectin, prolargin, decorin, collagen type VI α1 chain (COL6A1), COL6A2, COL14A1, and COL5A1 were upregulated in the ITGA5-silenced group. Inhibited expression of ITGA5 in DPSCs increased osteoid tissue formation and stronger related genes expression in vivo. In conclusion, the ITGA5 priming peptide could promote DPSCs odontogenic differentiation as lentivirus. Proteomics and bioinformatic analysis revealed that this may be due to the deposition of ECM and amplified ECM-receptor activity, which could fuel the application process of utilizing priming ITGA5 on dental clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Ning
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ci Song
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinghong Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuaimei Xu
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zilong Deng
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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JUN H, LEI D, QIFANG Y, YUAN X, DEQIN Y. Effects of concentrated growth factors on the angiogenic properties of dental pulp cells and endothelial cells: an in vitro study. Braz Oral Res 2018; 32:e48. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huan JUN
- Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Dou LEI
- Chongqing Medical University, China
| | | | - Xu YUAN
- Chongqing Medical University, China
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15
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Sugiuchi A, Sano Y, Furusawa M, Abe S, Muramatsu T. Human Dental Pulp Cells Express Cellular Markers for Inflammation and Hard Tissue Formation in Response to Bacterial Information. J Endod 2018; 44:992-996. [PMID: 29680724 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major component of the outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria associated with deep dental caries and pulpitis. When bacteria invade dentinal tubes and dentin is continually destroyed, tertiary dentin is formed by preexisting odontoblasts. However, the relationship between LPS and tertiary dentin formation remains unclear. We investigated whether LPS stimulation induces the formation of hard tissue in human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). METHODS Immortalized hDPCs were cultured, and Escherichia coli-derived LPS (1 μg/mL) was incorporated into the culture medium. Samples were obtained after 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days, and messenger RNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6, Wnt5a, Runx2, ALP, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was investigated. RESULTS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed higher messenger RNA expression levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the LPS group on 1 day (P < .05). The expression levels of dentinogenesis-related markers including Wnt5a, Runx2, and ALP were higher in the LPS group (2.0-, 4.7- and 10.0-fold, respectively) than that in the control group at 14 days (P < .01). ALP activity was significantly stronger in the LPS group than in the control group at 21 days (P < .01). Treatment of Box5, an antagonist of Wnt5a, showed a decreased expression of Runx2 and ALP (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that LPS stimulation induces the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and hard tissue formation through Wnt5a signaling pathways in hDPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akina Sugiuchi
- Department of Endodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yousuke Sano
- Department of Endodontics, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shu Abe
- Heiwa Dental Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Muramatsu
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Cariology and Pulp Biology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan.
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16
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Ma D, Yu H, Xu S, Wang H, Zhang X, Ning T, Wu B. Stathmin inhibits proliferation and differentiation of dental pulp stem cells via sonic hedgehog/Gli. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:3442-3451. [PMID: 29655218 PMCID: PMC6009779 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mineralization of dental pulp stem cells is an important factor in the tissue engineering of teeth, but the mechanism is not yet obvious. This study aimed to identify the effect of Stathmin on the proliferation and osteogenic/odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and to explore whether the Shh signalling pathway was involved in this regulation. First, Stathmin was expressed in the cytoplasm and on the cell membranes of hDPSCs by cell immunofluorescence. Then, by constructing a lentiviral vector, the expression of Stathmin in hDPSCs was inhibited. Treatment with Stathmin shRNA (shRNA‐Stathmin group) inhibited the ability of hDPSCs to proliferate, as demonstrated by a CCK8 assay and flow cytometry analysis, and suppressed the osteogenic/odontoblastic differentiation ability, as demonstrated by alizarin red S staining and osteogenic/odontoblastic differentiation‐related gene (ALP, BSP, OCN, DSPP) activity, compared to that of hDPSCs from the control shRNA group. Molecular analyses showed that the Shh/GLI1 signalling pathway was inhibited when Stathmin was silenced, and purmorphamine, the Shh signalling pathway activator, was added to hDPSCs in the shRNA‐Stathmin group, real‐time PCR and Western blotting confirmed that expression of Shh and its downstream signalling molecules PTCH1, SMO and GLI1 increased significantly. After activating the Shh signalling pathway, the proliferation of hDPSCs increased markedly, as demonstrated by a CCK8 assay and flow cytometry analysis; osteogenic/odontoblastic differentiation‐related gene (ALP, BSP, OCN, DSPP) expression also increased significantly. Collectively, these findings firstly revealed that Stathmin‐Shh/GLI1 signalling pathway plays a positive role in hDPSC proliferation and osteogenic/odontoblastic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyue Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuaimei Xu
- Department of Operative and Endodontic Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Ning
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Alkharobi HE, Al-Khafaji H, Beattie J, Devine DA, El-Gendy R. Insulin-Like Growth Factor Axis Expression in Dental Pulp Cells Derived From Carious Teeth. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:36. [PMID: 29707538 PMCID: PMC5906522 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis plays an important role in dental tissue regeneration and most components of this axis are expressed in human dental pulp cells (DPCs). In our previous study, we analyzed IGF axis gene expression in DPCs and demonstrated a novel role of IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-2 and -3 in coordinating mineralized matrix formation in differentiating DPCs. A more recent study from our laboratory partially characterized dental pulp stem cells from teeth with superficial caries (cDPCs) and showed that their potential to differentiate odontoblasts and/or into osteoblasts is enhanced by exposure to the mild inflammatory conditions characteristic of superficial caries. In the present study, we examine whether changes apparent in IGF axis expression during osteogenic differentiation of healthy DPCs are also apparent in DPCs derived from carious affected teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Esa Alkharobi
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hasanain Al-Khafaji
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - James Beattie
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Deirdre Ann Devine
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Reem El-Gendy
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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18
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Wang H, Ma D, Zhang X, Xu S, Ning T, Wu B. Comparative proteomic profiling of human dental pulp stem cells and periodontal ligament stem cells under in vitro osteogenic induction. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 89:9-19. [PMID: 29407636 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the proteomic profiling of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) under in vitro osteogenic induction, which imitates the microenvironment during osteo-/odontogenesis of DPSCs and PDLSCs. DESIGN The proteomic profiles of osteoinduced DPSCs and PDLSCs from a single donor were compared using the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technique and subsequent bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS A total of 159 differentially expressed proteins in PDLSCs and DPSCs were identified, 82 of which had a higher expression level in PDLSCs, while 77 were more highly expressed in DPSCs. Among these enriched proteins, certain members from the collagen, heat shock protein and protein S100 families may distinguish osteoinduced PDLSCs and DPSCs. Gene ontology (GO) classification revealed that a large number of the enriched terms distinguishing PDLSCs and DPSCs are involved in catalytic activity, protein binding, regulation of protein metabolic processes and response to stimulus. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated several involved pathways, including the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis pathway, arachidonic acid metabolism pathway and PPAR signaling pathway. Further verification showed that the mineralization and migration capacities of PDLSCs were greater than those of DPSCs, in which heat shock protein beta-1, Protein S100-A10 and S100-A11 may play a part. CONCLUSIONS Less than 5% of the differentially expressed proteins make up the comparative proteomic profile between osteoinduced PDLSCs and DPSCs. This study helps to characterize the differences between osteoinduced PDLSCs and DPSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China; College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China; College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China; College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shuaimei Xu
- Department of Endodontics and Operative Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 366 South Jiangnan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Tingting Ning
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China; College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China; College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, No. 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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19
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Alkharobi H, Beattie J, Meade J, Devine D, El-Gendy R. Dental Pulp Cells Isolated from Teeth with Superficial Caries Retain an Inflammatory Phenotype and Display an Enhanced Matrix Mineralization Potential. Front Physiol 2017; 8:244. [PMID: 28503150 PMCID: PMC5408163 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We have isolated dental pulp cells (DPCs) from three healthy (hDPCs) and three carious (cDPCs) donors and shown that compared to hDPCs cells isolated from superficial carious lesions show higher clonogenic potential; show an equivalent proportion of cells with putative stem cell surface markers; show enhanced matrix mineralization capability; have enhanced angiogenic marker expression and retain the inflammatory phenotype in vitro characteristic of superficial caries lesions in vivo. Our findings suggest that cDPCs may be used for further investigation of the cross talk between inflammatory, angiogenic and mineralization pathways in repair of carious pulp. In addition cells derived from carious pulps (almost always discarded) may have potential for future applications in mineralized tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Alkharobi
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St. James University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, UK.,Department Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, King AbdulAziz UniversityJeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - James Beattie
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St. James University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, UK
| | - Josie Meade
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St. James University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, UK
| | - Deirdre Devine
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St. James University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, UK
| | - Reem El-Gendy
- Division of Oral Biology, Leeds School of Dentistry, St. James University Hospital, University of LeedsLeeds, UK.,Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal UniversityIsmailia, Egypt
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20
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Louvrier A, Euvrard E, Nicod L, Rolin G, Gindraux F, Pazart L, Houdayer C, Risold PY, Meyer F, Meyer C. Odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells from healthy and carious teeth on an original PCL-based 3D scaffold. Int Endod J 2017; 51 Suppl 4:e252-e263. [PMID: 28109162 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To isolate and characterize dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) obtained from carious and healthy mature teeth extracted when conservative treatment was not possible or for orthodontic reasons; to evaluate the ability of DPSCs to colonize, proliferate and differentiate into functional odontoblast-like cells when cultured onto a polycaprolactone cone made by jet-spraying and prototyped into a design similar to a gutta-percha cone. METHODOLOGY DPSCs were obtained from nine carious and 12 healthy mature teeth. Then cells were characterized by flow cytometry and submitted to multidifferentiation to confirm their multipotency. These DPSCs were then cultured on a polycaprolactone cone in an odontoblastic differentiation medium. Cell proliferation, colonization of the biomaterial and functional differentiation of cells were histologically assessed. For the characterization, a t-Student test was used to compare the two groups. RESULTS In all cell cultures, characterization highlighted a mesenchymal stem cell phenotype (CD105+, CD90+, CD73+, CD11b-, CD34-, CD45-, HLA-DR-). No significant differences were found between cultures obtained from carious and healthy mature teeth. DPSCs from both origins were able to differentiate into osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes. Cell colonization was observed both on the surface and in the thickness of polycaprolactone cones as well as a mineralized pericellular matrix deposit composed of type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and dentin sialophosphoprotein. CONCLUSIONS DPSCs were isolated from both carious and healthy mature teeth. They were able to colonize and proliferate within a polycaprolactone cone and could be differentiated into functional odontoblast-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Louvrier
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale, Stomatologie et Odontologie Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - E Euvrard
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale, Stomatologie et Odontologie Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France.,Nanomédecinelab, EA 4662, UFR SMP, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - L Nicod
- Nanomédecinelab, EA 4662, UFR SMP, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - G Rolin
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon, INSERM 1431, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - F Gindraux
- Nanomédecinelab, EA 4662, UFR SMP, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.,Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Traumatologique et Plastique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - L Pazart
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon, INSERM 1431, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - C Houdayer
- Estrogènes, Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central, EA3922, UFR ST, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - P Y Risold
- Estrogènes, Expression Génique et Pathologies du Système Nerveux Central, EA3922, UFR ST, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - F Meyer
- Inserm UMR 1121 Biomaterials and Bioengineering, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Institut Hospitalo Universitaire, Pôle de médecine et chirurgie bucco-dentaires, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - C Meyer
- Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale, Stomatologie et Odontologie Hospitalière, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France.,Nanomédecinelab, EA 4662, UFR SMP, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
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21
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Comparative Immunophenotypic Characteristics, Proliferative Features, and Osteogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells Isolated from Human Permanent and Deciduous Teeth with Bone Marrow. Mol Biotechnol 2016; 58:415-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-016-9941-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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22
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Kuang R, Zhang Z, Jin X, Hu J, Shi S, Ni L, Ma PX. Nanofibrous spongy microspheres for the delivery of hypoxia-primed human dental pulp stem cells to regenerate vascularized dental pulp. Acta Biomater 2016; 33:225-34. [PMID: 26826529 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dental pulp infection and necrosis are widespread diseases. Conventional endodontic treatments result in a devitalized and weakened tooth. In this work, we synthesized novel star-shaped polymer to self-assemble into unique nanofibrous spongy microspheres (NF-SMS), which were used to carry human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) into the pulp cavity to regenerate living dental pulp tissues. It was found that NF-SMS significantly enhanced hDPSCs attachment, proliferation, odontogenic differentiation and angiogenesis, as compared to control cell carriers. Additionally, NF-SMS promoted vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression of hDPSCs in a 3D hypoxic culture. Hypoxia-primed hDPSCs/NF-SMS complexes were injected into the cleaned pulp cavities of rabbit molars for subcutaneous implantation in mice. After 4 weeks, the hypoxia group significantly enhanced angiogenesis inside the pulp chamber and promoted the formation of ondontoblast-like cells lining along the dentin-pulp interface, as compared to the control groups (hDPSCs alone group, NF-SMS alone group, and hDPSCs/NF-SMS group pre-cultured under normoxic conditions). Furthermore, in an in situ dental pulp repair model in rats, hypoxia-primed hDPSCs/NF-SMS were injected to fully fill the pulp cavity and regenerate pulp-like tissues with a rich vasculature and a histological structure similar to the native pulp. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Vascularization is key to the regeneration of many vital tissues. However, it is challenging to create a suitable microenvironment for stem cells to regenerate vascularized tissue structure. This manuscript reports a novel star-shaped block copolymer that self-assembles into unique nanofibrous spongy microspheres, which as an injectable scaffold recapitulate the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in development. Using a clinically-relevant surgical procedure and a hypoxic treatment, the nanofibrous spongy microspheres were used to deliver stem cells and successfully regenerate dental pulp with a rich vasculature and a complex histologic structure similar to that of the native dental pulp. The novel microspheres can likely be used to regenerate many other vascularized tissues.
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23
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Cryopreservation and Banking of Dental Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 951:199-235. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45457-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Hilkens P, Meschi N, Lambrechts P, Bronckaers A, Lambrichts I. Dental Stem Cells in Pulp Regeneration: Near Future or Long Road Ahead? Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:1610-22. [PMID: 25869156 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although regenerative endodontic procedures have yielded an impressive body of favorable outcomes, the treatment of necrotic immature permanent teeth in particular remains to be a challenge. Recent advances in dental stem cell (DSC) research have gained increasing insight in their regenerative potential and prospective use in the formation of viable dental tissues. Numerous studies have already reported successful dental pulp regeneration following application of dental pulp stem cells, stem cells from the apical papilla, or dental follicle precursor cells in different in vivo models. Next to responsive cells, dental tissue engineering also requires the support of an appropriate scaffold material, ranging from naturally occurring polymers to treated dentin matrix components. However, the routine use and banking of DSCs still holds some major challenges, such as culture-associated differences, patient-related variability, and the effects of culture medium additives. Only in-depth evaluation of these problems and the implementation of standardized models and protocols will effectively lead to better alternatives for patients who no longer benefit from current treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Hilkens
- 1 Laboratory of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University , Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Nastaran Meschi
- 2 Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven and Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Lambrechts
- 2 Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven and Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bronckaers
- 1 Laboratory of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University , Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- 1 Laboratory of Morphology, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University , Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Werle SB, Lindemann D, Steffens D, Demarco FF, de Araujo FB, Pranke P, Casagrande L. Carious deciduous teeth are a potential source for dental pulp stem cells. Clin Oral Investig 2015; 20:75-81. [PMID: 25898896 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-015-1477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study are to isolate, cultivate, and characterize stem cells from the pulp of carious deciduous teeth (SCCD) and compare them to those retrieved from sound deciduous teeth (SHED--stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth). MATERIAL AND METHODS Cells were obtained of dental pulp collected from sound (n = 10) and carious (n = 10) deciduous human teeth. Rate of isolation, proliferation assay (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days), STRO-1, mesenchymal (CD29, CD73, and CD90) and hematopoietic surface marker expression (CD14, CD34, CD45, HLA-DR), and differentiation capacity were evaluated. RESULTS Isolation success rates were 70 and 80 % from the carious and sound groups, respectively. SCCD and SHED presented similar proliferation rate. There were no statistical differences between the groups for the tested surface markers. The cells from sound and carious deciduous teeth were positive for CD29, CD73, and CD90 and negative for CD14, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR and were capable of differentiating into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages. CONCLUSION SCCD demonstrated a similar pattern of proliferation, immunophenotypical characteristics, and differentiation ability as those obtained from sound deciduous teeth. These SCCD represent a feasible source of stem cells. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Decayed deciduous teeth have been usually discarded once the pulp tissue could be damaged and the activity of stem cells compromised. These findings show that stem cells from carious deciduous teeth can be applicable source for cell-based therapies in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Bressan Werle
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniele Lindemann
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniela Steffens
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Department of Operatory Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Fernando Borba de Araujo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Pranke
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Head of Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory and Stem Cell Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luciano Casagrande
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Liu Y, Gao Y, Zhan X, Cui L, Xu S, Ma D, Yue J, Wu B, Gao J. TLR4 Activation by Lipopolysaccharide and Streptococcus mutans Induces Differential Regulation of Proliferation and Migration in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. J Endod 2014; 40:1375-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Li X, Hou J, Wu B, Chen T, Luo A. Effects of platelet-rich plasma and cell coculture on angiogenesis in human dental pulp stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells. J Endod 2014; 40:1810-4. [PMID: 25175848 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been described as platelet concentrate. Growth factors released by activated platelets can improve wound vasculogenesis and enhance wound healing. In this study, we used PRP instead of serum to culture human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and investigated revascularization ability. The effect of hDPSC and EPC coculture on vasculogenesis was also studied. METHODS PRP was prepared by secondary centrifugation. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to determine the expression of vasculogenesis-related factors vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, fetal liver kinase 1 (Flk-1), and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) in cultured hDPSCs and EPCs. The cells were divided into 4 groups: EPCs + 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), EPCs + 10% PRP, EPCs + hDPSCs + 10% FBS, and EPCs + hDPSCs + 10% PRP. Then, the formation of vessel-like structures was tested by the tube formation assay. RESULTS On day 3, the expression levels of all the markers in the coculture groups were much higher than in the single-culture groups and were also higher in the PRP groups compared with the FBS groups (P < .05), except for SDF-1. Expression levels were significantly higher in the experimental groups (EPCs + 10% PRP, EPCs + hDPSCs + 10% FBS, and EPCs + hDPSCs + 10% PRP) than in the control group (EPCs + 10% FBS) and in the PRP groups/coculture groups compared with the FBS groups/single-culture groups (P < .01). The tube formation assay showed the area of vessel-like structures formed by the PRP group to be larger than in the FBS group (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS PRP and coculture can both promote vasculogenesis, and PRP can promote EPCs to form vessel-like structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhu Li
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China; College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Hou
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China; College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China; College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China; College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aoxiang Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China; College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Differences of isolated dental stem cells dependent on donor age and consequences for autologous tooth replacement. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 59:559-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Ma D, Cui L, Gao J, Yan W, Liu Y, Xu S, Wu B. Proteomic analysis of mesenchymal stem cells from normal and deep carious dental pulp. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97026. [PMID: 24809979 PMCID: PMC4014579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), precursor cells of odontoblasts, are ideal seed cells for tooth tissue engineering and regeneration. Our previous study has demonstrated that stem cells exist in dental pulp with deep caries and are called carious dental pulp stem cells (CDPSCs). The results indicated that CDPSCs had a higher proliferative and stronger osteogenic differentiation potential than DPSCs. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the biological differences between DPSCs and CDPSCs are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to define the molecular features of DPSCs and CDPSCs by comparing the proteomic profiles using two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE) in combination with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Our results revealed that there were 18 protein spots differentially expressed between DPSCs and CDPSCs in a narrow pH range of 4 to 7. These differently expressed proteins are mostly involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, cell cytoskeleton and motility. In addition, our results suggested that CDPSCs had a higher expression of antioxidative proteins that might protect CDPSCs from oxidative stress. This study explores some potential proteins responsible for the biological differences between DPSCs and CDPSCs and expands our understanding on the molecular mechanisms of mineralization of DPSCs in the formation of the dentin-pulp complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Li Cui
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Yan
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shuaimei Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R. China
- College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Feng X, Feng G, Xing J, Shen B, Tan W, Huang D, Lu X, Tao T, Zhang J, Li L, Gu Z. Repeated lipopolysaccharide stimulation promotes cellular senescence in human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Cell Tissue Res 2014; 356:369-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-1799-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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He W, Wang Z, Zhou Z, Zhang Y, Zhu Q, Wei K, Lin Y, Cooper PR, Smith AJ, Yu Q. Lipopolysaccharide Enhances Wnt5a Expression through Toll-like Receptor 4, Myeloid Differentiating Factor 88, Phosphatidylinositol 3-OH Kinase/AKT and Nuclear Factor Kappa B Pathways in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. J Endod 2014; 40:69-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Lv H, Yu Q, Zhou Z, Zhu Q, Wang Z, Cooper PR, Smith AJ, Niu Z, He W. Human stem cells from the apical papilla response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide exposure and anti-inflammatory effects of nuclear factor I C. J Endod 2013; 39:1416-22. [PMID: 24139265 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) are important for tooth root development and may be candidates for regenerative endodontic procedures involving immature teeth. The potential use of SCAPs for clinical applications requires a better understanding of their responses to bacterial challenge. We have investigated the effects of exposure of these cells to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Inflammatory responses arising from bacterial challenges can constrain postinjury tissue regeneration and the effects of nuclear factor I C (NFIC), which plays a critical role in tooth root development. NFIC has been explored for its anti-inflammatory action in the context of endodontic treatment of immature teeth where continued root development is an important outcome. METHODS SCAPs were exposed to LPS, and the expression of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The pLenti6.3/v5-NFIC plasmid encoding the full-length NFIC or NFIC silencing by si-RNA (small interfering RNA) in SCAPs were measured by Western blotting or RT-PCR; the effects of NFIC on IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were analyzed by RT-PCR. The protein levels were subsequently measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay. RESULTS LPS induced the synthesis of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α in SCAPs in a time-dependent manner. Pretreatment with a TLR4 inhibitor significantly inhibited LPS-induced IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α expression. Knockdown of NFIC increased the expression of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, whereas the overexpression of NFIC resulted in the suppression of the inflammatory response stimulated by 1 μg/mL LPS, especially for IL-8. Together, these data show that LPS is recognized by the transmembranous receptor TLR4 to mediate inflammatory responses in SCAPs and NFIC overexpression can suppress LPS-initiated innate immune responses. CONCLUSIONS The anti-inflammatory effects of NFIC overexpression provide a valuable target to dampen inflammatory responses in the infected pulp to allow tissue regeneration to occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Wang MC, Hung PS, Tu HF, Shih WY, Li WC, Chang KW. Lipopolysaccharide Induces the Migration of Human Dental Pulp Cells by Up-regulating miR-146a. J Endod 2012; 38:1598-603. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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