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Wang W, Yang H, Fan Z, Shi R. STL Inhibited Angiogenesis of DPSCs Through Depressing Mitochondrial Respiration by Enhancing RNF217. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2400042. [PMID: 38880848 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the determining factor during dental pulp regeneration. Six-twelve leukemia (STL) is identified as a key regulatory factor on the biological function of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) under hypoxic conditions, but its effect on angiogenesis is unclear. Co-culture of DPSCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) is used to detect tubule formation ability in vitro and the angiogenesis ability in vivo. RNA-seq and bioinformatic analyses are performed to screen differentially expressed genes. Seahorse Cell Mito Stress Test is proceeded to exam mitochondrial respiration. STL decreased tubule formation and mitochondrial respiration of DPSCs in vitro and restrained the number of blood vessels and the expression of VEGF in new formed tissue in vivo. Furthermore, pretreating STL-depleted DPSCs with rotenone, a mitochondrial respiration inhibitor, counteracted the promoting effect of STL knockdown on tubule formation. Then, RNA-seq and bioinformatic analyses identified some angiogenesis relevant genes and pathways in STL-depleted DPSCs. And STL enhanced expression of mRNA-ring finger protein 217 (RNF217), which inhibited the tubule formation and mitochondrial respiration of DPSCs. STL inhibited the angiogenesis of DPSCs through depressing mitochondrial respiration by enhancing RNF217, indicating that STL is a potential target for angiogenesis of DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanqing Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Haoqing Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zhipeng Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Research Unit of Tooth Development and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ruitang Shi
- Department of Endodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
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Koutrouli A, Machla F, Arapostathis K, Kokoti M, Bakopoulou A. "Biological responses of two calcium-silicate-based cements on a tissue-engineered 3D organotypic deciduous pulp analogue". Dent Mater 2024; 40:e14-e25. [PMID: 38431482 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The biological responses of MTA and Biodentine™ has been assessed on a three-dimensional, tissue-engineered organotypic deciduous pulp analogue. METHODS Human endothelial (HUVEC) and dental mesenchymal stem cells (SHED) at a ratio of 3:1, were incorporated into a collagen I/fibrin hydrogel; succeeding Biodentine™ and MTA cylindrical specimens were placed in direct contact with the pulp analogue 48 h later. Cell viability/proliferation and morphology were evaluated through live/dead staining, MTT assay and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and expression of angiogenic, odontogenic markers through real time PCR. RESULTS Viable cells dominated at day 3 after treatment presenting typical morphology, firmly attached within the hydrogel structures, as shown by live/dead staining and SEM images. MTT assay at day 1 presented a significant increase of cell proliferation in Biodentine™ group. Real-time PCR showed significant upregulation of odontogenic markers DSPP, BMP-2 (day 3,6), RUNX2, ALP (day 3) in contact with Biodentine™ compared to MTA and the control, whereas MTA promoted significant upregulation of DSPP, BMP-2, RUNX2, Osterix (day 3) and ALP (day 6) compared to the control. MSX1 presented downregulation in both experimental groups. Expression of angiogenic markers VEGFa and ANGPT-1 at day 3 was significantly upregulated in contact with Biodentine™ and MTA respectively, while the receptors VEGFR1, VEGFR2 and Tie-2, as well as PECAM-1 were downregulated. SIGNIFICANCE Both calcium silicate-based materials are biocompatible and exert positive angiogenic and odontogenic effects, although Biodentine™ during the first days of culture, seems to induce higher cell proliferation and provoke a more profound odontogenic and angiogenic response from SHED.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Koutrouli
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - F Machla
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - K Arapostathis
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - M Kokoti
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece
| | - A Bakopoulou
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki GR-54124, Greece.
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Wu M, Xu L, Xing F, Xiao R, Wu W. Novel self-setting cements based on tricalcium silicate/(β-tricalcium phosphate/monocalcium phosphate anhydrous)/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose: From hydration mechanism to biological evaluations. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131580. [PMID: 38688788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite the clinical success of tricalcium silicate (TCS)-based materials in endodontics, the inferior handling characteristic, poor anti-washout property and slow setting kinetics hindered their wider applications. To solve these problems, an injectable fast-setting TCS/β-tricalcium phosphate/monocalcium phosphate anhydrous (β-TCP/MCPA) cement was developed for the first time by incorporation of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and β-TCP/MCPA. The physical-chemical characterization (setting time, anti-washout property, injectability, compressive strength, apatite mineralization and sealing property) of TCS/(β-TCP/MCPA) were conducted. Its hydration mechanism was also investigated. Furthermore, the cytocompatibility and osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of stem cells isolated from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) treated with TCS/β-TCP/MCPA were studied. The results showed that HPMC could provide TCS with good anti-washout ability and injectability but slow hydration process. However, β-TCP/MCPA effectively enhanced anti-washout characteristics and reduced setting time due to faster hydration kinetics. TCS/(β-TCP/MCPA) obtained around 90 % of injection rate and high compressive strength whereas excessive additions of β-TCP/MCPA compromised its injectability and compressive strength. TCS/(β-TCP/MCPA) can induce apatite deposition and form a tight marginal sealing at the dentin-cement interface. Additionally, TCS/(β-TCP/MCPA) showed good biocompatibility and promoted osteo/odontogenic differentiation of SHED. In general, our results indicated that TCS/(β-TCP/MCPA) may be particularly promising as an injectable bioactive cements for endodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Rail Transit, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China.
| | - Laijun Xu
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, PR China; School of Stomatology, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, PR China
| | - Fei Xing
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Research Institute, Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Rongjun Xiao
- School of Stomatology, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, PR China
| | - Wangping Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Rail Transit, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
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Cao Y, Yang M, Zhang R, Ning X, Zong M, Liu X, Li J, Jing X, Li B, Wu X. Carbon Dot-Based Photo-Cross-Linked Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogel Enables Dental Pulp Regeneration: A Preliminary Study. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38657655 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
An essential factor in tooth nutritional deficits and aberrant root growth is pulp necrosis. Removing inflammatory or necrotic pulp tissue and replacing it with an inert material are the most widely used therapeutic concepts of endodontic treatment. However, pulp loss can lead to discoloration, increased fracture risk, and the reinfection of the damaged tooth. It is now anticipated that the pulp-dentin complex will regenerate through a variety of application methods based on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC). In order to create a photo-cross-linked gelatinized methacrylate hydrogel, GelMA/EUO-CDs-E (ECE), that is biodegradable and injectable for application, we created a novel nanoassembly of ECE based on eucommia carbon dots (EUO-CDs) and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). We then loaded it onto gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel. We have evaluated the material and examined its in vivo and in vitro angiogenesis-promoting potential as well as its dentin differentiation-enabling characteristics. The outcomes of the experiment demonstrated that GelMA/ECE was favorable to cell proliferation and enhanced hDPSC's capacity for angiogenesis and dentin differentiation. The regeneration of vascular-rich pulp-like tissues was found to occur in vivo when hDPSC-containing GelMA/ECE was injected into cleaned human root segments (RS) for subcutaneous implantation in nude mice. This suggests that the injectable bioscaffold is appropriate for clinical use in pulp regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Cao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Mengqi Yang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiao Ning
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Mingrui Zong
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jiadi Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xuan Jing
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Bing Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiuping Wu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
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Kong L, Li J, Bai Y, Xu S, Zhang L, Chen W, Gao L, Wang F. Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase enhances the dentin-pulp complex regeneration mediated by crosstalk between vascular endothelial cells and dental pulp stem cells. J Transl Med 2024; 22:61. [PMID: 38229161 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04863-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Revascularization and restoration of normal pulp-dentin complex are important for tissue-engineered pulp regeneration. Recently, a unique periodontal tip-like endothelial cells subtype (POTCs) specialized to dentinogenesis was identified. We have confirmed that TPPU, a soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor targeting epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) metabolism, promotes bone growth and regeneration by angiogenesis and osteogenesis coupling. We hypothesized that TPPU could also promote revascularization and induce POTCs to contribute to pulp-dentin complex regeneration. Here, we in vitro and in vivo characterized the potential effect of TPPU on the coupling of angiogenesis and odontogenesis and investigated the relevant mechanism, providing new ideas for pulp-dentin regeneration by targeting sEH. METHODS In vitro effects of TPPU on the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and cocultured DPSCs and HUVECs were detected using cell counting kit 8 (CCK8) assay, wound healing, transwell, tube formation and RT-qPCR. In vivo, Matrigel plug assay was performed to outline the roles of TPPU in revascularization and survival of grafts. Then we characterized the VEGFR2 + POTCs around odontoblast layer in the molar of pups from C57BL/6 female mice gavaged with TPPU. Finally, the root segments with DPSCs mixed with Matrigel were implanted subcutaneously in BALB/c nude mice treated with TPPU and the root grafts were isolated for histological staining. RESULTS In vitro, TPPU significantly promoted the migration and tube formation capability of cocultured DPSCs and HUVECs. ALP and ARS staining and RT-qPCR showed that TPPU promoted the osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of cultured cells, treatment with an anti-TGF-β blocking antibody abrogated this effect. Knockdown of HIF-1α in HUVECs significantly reversed the effect of TPPU on the expression of angiogenesis, osteogenesis and odontogenesis-related genes in cocultured cells. Matrigel plug assay showed that TPPU increased VEGF/VEGFR2-expressed cells in transplanted grafts. TPPU contributed to angiogenic-odontogenic coupling featured by increased VEGFR2 + POTCs and odontoblast maturation during early dentinogenesis in molar of newborn pups from C57BL/6 female mice gavaged with TPPU. TPPU induced more dental pulp-like tissue with more vessels and collagen fibers in transplanted root segment. CONCLUSIONS TPPU promotes revascularization of dental pulp regeneration by enhancing migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs, and improves odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs by TGF-β. TPPU boosts the angiogenic-odontogenic coupling by enhancing VEGFR2 + POTCs meditated odontoblast maturation partly via upregulating HIF-1α, which contributes to increasing pulp-dentin complex for tissue-engineered pulp regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingwenyao Kong
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Juanjuan Li
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuwen Bai
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shaoyang Xu
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixian Chen
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lu Gao
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Fu Wang
- School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, No. 9 West Section, Lvshun South Road, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.
- Academician Laboratory of Immune and Oral Development & Regeneration, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
- The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Goswami R, Gupta A, Bednova O, Coulombe G, Patel D, Rotello VM, Leyton JV. Nuclear localization signal-tagged systems: relevant nuclear import principles in the context of current therapeutic design. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:204-226. [PMID: 38031452 PMCID: PMC10798298 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00269d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear targeting of therapeutics provides a strategy for enhancing efficacy of molecules active in the nucleus and minimizing off-target effects. 'Active' nuclear-directed transport and efficient translocations across nuclear pore complexes provide the most effective means of maximizing nuclear localization. Nuclear-targeting systems based on nuclear localization signal (NLS) motifs have progressed significantly since the beginning of the current millennium. Here, we offer a roadmap for understanding the basic mechanisms of nuclear import in the context of actionable therapeutic design for developing NLS-therapeutics with improved treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritabrita Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Aarohi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Olga Bednova
- Département de médecine nucléaire et radiobiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Gaël Coulombe
- Service des stages et du développement professionnel, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Dipika Patel
- Service des stages et du développement professionnel, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Jeffrey V Leyton
- École des sciences pharmaceutiques, Université d'Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Hazrati P, Mirtaleb MH, Boroojeni HSH, Koma AAY, Nokhbatolfoghahaei H. Current Trends, Advances, and Challenges of Tissue Engineering-Based Approaches of Tooth Regeneration: A Review of the Literature. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:473-496. [PMID: 35984017 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x17666220818103228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tooth loss is a significant health issue. Currently, this situation is often treated with the use of synthetic materials such as implants and prostheses. However, these treatment modalities do not fully meet patients' biological and mechanical needs and have limited longevity. Regenerative medicine focuses on the restoration of patients' natural tissues via tissue engineering techniques instead of rehabilitating with artificial appliances. Therefore, a tissue-engineered tooth regeneration strategy seems like a promising option to treat tooth loss. OBJECTIVE This review aims to demonstrate recent advances in tooth regeneration strategies and discoveries about underlying mechanisms and pathways of tooth formation. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Whole tooth regeneration, tooth root formation, and dentin-pulp organoid generation have been achieved by using different seed cells and various materials for scaffold production. Bioactive agents are critical elements for the induction of cells into odontoblast or ameloblast lineage. Some substantial pathways enrolled in tooth development have been figured out, helping researchers design their experiments more effectively and aligned with the natural process of tooth formation. CONCLUSION According to current knowledge, tooth regeneration is possible in case of proper selection of stem cells, appropriate design and manufacturing of a biocompatible scaffold, and meticulous application of bioactive agents for odontogenic induction. Understanding innate odontogenesis pathways play a crucial role in accurately planning regenerative therapeutic interventions in order to reproduce teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parham Hazrati
- School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Helia Sadat Haeri Boroojeni
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hanieh Nokhbatolfoghahaei
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Yuan S, Yang X, Wang X, Chen J, Tian W, Yang B. Injectable Xenogeneic Dental Pulp Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Hydrogel Promotes Functional Dental Pulp Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17483. [PMID: 38139310 PMCID: PMC10743504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The present challenge in dental pulp tissue engineering scaffold materials lies in the development of tissue-specific scaffolds that are conducive to an optimal regenerative microenvironment and capable of accommodating intricate root canal systems. This study utilized porcine dental pulp to derive the decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) via appropriate decellularization protocols. The resultant dECM was dissolved in an acid pepsin solution to form dECM hydrogels. The analysis encompassed evaluating the microstructure and rheological properties of dECM hydrogels and evaluated their biological properties, including in vitro cell viability, proliferation, migration, tube formation, odontogenic, and neurogenic differentiation. Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel served as the control. Subsequently, hydrogels were injected into treated dentin matrix tubes and transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice to regenerate dental pulp tissue in vivo. The results showed that dECM hydrogels exhibited exceptional injectability and responsiveness to physiological temperature. It supported the survival, odontogenic, and neurogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells in a 3D culture setting. Moreover, it exhibited a superior ability to promote cell migration and angiogenesis compared to GelMA hydrogel in vitro. Additionally, the dECM hydrogel demonstrated the capability to regenerate pulp-like tissue with abundant blood vessels and a fully formed odontoblast-like cell layer in vivo. These findings highlight the potential of porcine dental pulp dECM hydrogel as a specialized scaffold material for dental pulp regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengmeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (S.Y.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xueting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (S.Y.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiuting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (S.Y.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (S.Y.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (S.Y.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (S.Y.); (X.W.); (J.C.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Zymovets V, Rakhimova O, Wadelius P, Schmidt A, Brundin M, Kelk P, Landström M, Vestman NR. Exploring the impact of oral bacteria remnants on stem cells from the Apical papilla: mineralization potential and inflammatory response. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1257433. [PMID: 38089810 PMCID: PMC10711090 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1257433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bacterial persistence is considered one of the main causal factors for regenerative endodontic treatment (RET) failure in immature permanent teeth. This interference is claimed to be caused by the interaction of bacteria that reside in the root canal with the stem cells that are one of the essentials for RET. The aim of the study was to investigate whether prolonged exposure of stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP) to bacterial remnants of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Actinomyces gerensceriae, Slackia exigua, Enterococcus faecalis, Peptostreptococcaceae yurii, commonly found in infected traumatized root canals, and the probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus gasseri and Limosilactobacillus reuteri, can alter SCAP's inflammatory response and mineralization potential. Methods To assess the effect of bacterial remnants on SCAP, we used UV-C-inactivated bacteria (as cell wall-associated virulence factors) and bacterial DNA. Histochemical staining using Osteoimage Mineralization Assay and Alizarin Red analysis was performed to study SCAP mineralization, while inflammatory and osteo/odontogenic-related responses of SCAPs were assessed with Multiplex ELISA. Results We showed that mineralization promotion was greater with UV C-inactivated bacteria compared to bacterial DNA. Immunofluorescence analysis detected that the early mineralization marker alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was increased by the level of E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) positive control in the case of UV-C-inactivated bacteria; meanwhile, DNA treatment decreased the level of ALP compared to the positive control. SCAP's secretome assessed with Multiplex ELISA showed the upregulation of pro-inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-8, GM-CSF, IL-1b, neurotrophic factor BDNF, and angiogenic factor VEGF, induced by UV-C-killed bacteria. Discussion The results suggest that long term stimulation (for 21 days) of SCAP with UV-C-inactivated bacteria stimulate their mineralization and inflammatory response, while DNA influence has no such effect, which opens up new ideas about the nature of RET failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Philip Wadelius
- Department of Endodontics, Region of Västerbotten, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alexej Schmidt
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Malin Brundin
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Peyman Kelk
- Section for Anatomy, Department of Integrative Medical Biology (IMB), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maréne Landström
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nelly Romani Vestman
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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10
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Luo N, Deng YW, Wen J, Xu XC, Jiang RX, Zhan JY, Zhang Y, Lu BQ, Chen F, Chen X. Wnt3a-Loaded Hydroxyapatite Nanowire@Mesoporous Silica Core-Shell Nanocomposite Promotes the Regeneration of Dentin-Pulp Complex via Angiogenesis, Oxidative Stress Resistance, and Odontogenic Induction of Stem Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300229. [PMID: 37186211 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Pulp exposure often leads to pulp necrosis, root fractures, and ultimate tooth loss. The repair of the exposure site with pulp capping treatment is of great significance to preserving pulp vitality, but its efficacy is impaired by the low bioactivity of capping materials and cell injuries from the local accumulation of oxidative stress. This study develops a Wnt3a-loaded hydroxyapatite nanowire@mesoporous silica (Wnt3a-HANW@MpSi) core-shell nanocomposite for pulp capping treatments. The ultralong and highly flexible hydroxyapatite nanowires provide the framework for the composites, and the mesoporous silica shell endows the composite with the capacity of efficiently loading/releasing Wnt3a and Si ions. Under in vitro investigation, Wnt3a-HANW@MpSi not only promotes the oxidative stress resistance of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), enhances their migration and odontogenic differentiation, but also exhibits superior properties of angiogenesis in vitro. Revealed by the transcriptome analysis, the underlying mechanisms of odontogenic enhancement by Wnt3a-HANW@MpSi are closely related to multiple biological processes and signaling pathways toward pulp/dentin regeneration. Furthermore, an animal model of subcutaneous transplantation demonstrates the significant reinforcement of the formation of dentin-pulp complex-like tissues and blood vessels by Wnt3a-HANW@MpSi in vivo. These results indicate the promising potential of Wnt3a-HANW@MpSi in treatments of dental pulp exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Luo
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Wei Deng
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wen
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Chen Xu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Xue Jiang
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Yu Zhan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Qiang Lu
- Center for Orthopaedic Science and Translational Medicine, Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- Center for Orthopaedic Science and Translational Medicine, Department of Orthopedic, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
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11
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Wang Z, Chen C, Zhang J, He J, Zhang L, Wu J, Tian Z. Epithelium-derived SCUBE3 promotes polarized odontoblastic differentiation of dental mesenchymal stem cells and pulp regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:130. [PMID: 37189178 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03353-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signal peptide-CUB-EGF domain-containing protein 3 (SCUBE3), a secreted multifunctional glycoprotein whose transcript expression is restricted to the tooth germ epithelium during the development of embryonic mouse teeth, has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in the regulation of tooth development. Based on this, we hypothesized that epithelium-derived SCUBE3 contributes to bio-function in dental mesenchymal cells (Mes) via epithelium-mesenchyme interactions. METHODS Immunohistochemical staining and a co-culture system were used to reveal the temporospatial expression of the SCUBE3 protein during mouse tooth germ development. In addition, human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were used as a Mes model to study the proliferation, migration, odontoblastic differentiation capacity, and mechanism of rhSCUBE3. Novel pulp-dentin-like organoid models were constructed to further confirm the odontoblast induction function of SCUBE3. Finally, semi-orthotopic animal experiments were performed to explore the clinical application of rhSCUBE3. Data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance and t-tests. RESULTS The epithelium-derived SCUBE3 translocated to the mesenchyme via a paracrine pathway during mouse embryonic development, and the differentiating odontoblasts in postnatal tooth germ subsequently secreted the SCUBE3 protein via an autocrine mechanism. In hDPSCs, exogenous SCUBE3 promoted cell proliferation and migration via TGF-β signalling and accelerated odontoblastic differentiation via BMP2 signalling. In the semi-orthotopic animal experiments, we found that SCUBE3 pre-treatment-induced polarized odontoblast-like cells attached to the dental walls and had better angiogenesis performance. CONCLUSION SCUBE3 protein expression is transferred from the epithelium to mesenchyme during embryonic development. The function of epithelium-derived SCUBE3 in Mes, including proliferation, migration, and polarized odontoblastic differentiation, and their mechanisms are elaborated for the first time. These findings shed light on exogenous SCUBE3 application in clinic dental pulp regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Road North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, No. 143 Dalian Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research of Higher Education Institution of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China
| | - Chuying Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Road North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Road North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiangdie He
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Road North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Road North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiayuan Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, No. 143 Dalian Road, Huichuan District, Zunyi, 563000, China.
- Special Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research of Higher Education Institution of Guizhou Province, Zunyi, China.
| | - Zhihui Tian
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Road North, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China.
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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12
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Dubey N, Ribeiro JS, Zhang Z, Xu J, Ferreira JA, Qu L, Mei L, Fenno JC, Schwendeman A, Schwendeman SP, Nör JE, Bottino MC. Gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel as an injectable scaffold with multi-therapeutic effects to promote antimicrobial disinfection and angiogenesis for regenerative endodontics. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:3823-3835. [PMID: 36946228 PMCID: PMC10160005 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02788g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative endodontics represents a paradigm shift in dental pulp therapy for necrotic young permanent teeth. However, there are still challenges associated with attaining maximum root canal disinfection while supporting angiogenesis and preserving resident stem cells viability and differentiation capacity. Here, we developed a hydrogel system by incorporating antibiotic-eluting fiber-based microparticles in gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel to gather antimicrobial and angiogenic properties while prompting minimum cell toxicity. Minocycline (MINO) or clindamycin (CLIN) was introduced into a polymer solution and electrospun into fibers, which were further cryomilled to attain MINO- or CLIN-eluting fibrous microparticles. To obtain hydrogels with multi-therapeutic effects, MINO- or CLIN-eluting microparticles were suspended in GelMA at distinct concentrations. The engineered hydrogels demonstrated antibiotic-dependent swelling and degradability while inhibiting bacterial growth with minimum toxicity in dental-derived stem cells. Notably, compared to MINO, CLIN hydrogels enhanced the formation of capillary-like networks of endothelial cells in vitro and the presence of widespread vascularization with functioning blood vessels in vivo. Our data shed new light onto the clinical potential of antibiotic-eluting gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel as an injectable scaffold with multi-therapeutic effects to promote antimicrobial disinfection and angiogenesis for regenerative endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nileshkumar Dubey
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Juliana S Ribeiro
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Zhaocheng Zhang
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| | - Jinping Xu
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| | - Jessica A Ferreira
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| | - Liu Qu
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Ling Mei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J Christopher Fenno
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Steven P Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jacques E Nör
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Marco C Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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13
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Saraswati W, Soetojo A, Dhaniar N, Praja HA, Santoso RM, Nosla NS, Cindananti G, Rafli RV, Rahardia N. CaCO 3 from Anadara granosa shell as reparative dentin inducer in odontoblast pulp cells: In-vivo study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2023; 13:164-168. [PMID: 36654815 PMCID: PMC9841027 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anadara granosa (blood clam) shell contained 98.7% of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). This material has bio-properties that able to induced the dentin regeneration. This study is expected to reveal the nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-kB), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) expression in dental pulp after application of CaCO3 from Anadara granosa shell. Material and methods The thirty Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar used as model. The maxillary first molar was preparation using 0.84 mm low-speed diamond bur to made cavity. The cavity then applied glass ionomer cement (as control group) and other group applied CaCO3 from Anadara granosa shell. The teeth in each group were extracted after 1st, 3rd and 7th days of application for immunohistochemistry analysis for NF-kB, TGF-β1, and VEGF-A expression. Result The NF-kB expression in the group with CaCO3 from Anadara granosa shell lower than control after 1st, 3rd and 7th days (p < 0.05). In other hand, the TGF-β1 and VEGF-A expression in the group with CaCO3 from Anadara granosa shell higher than control after 1st, 3rd and 7th days (p < 0.05). Conclusion CaCO3 from Anadara granosa shell able to stimulate the TGF-β1 and VEGF-A and suppress the NF-kB expression in the dental pulp. This material able to develop as dentin-pulp material restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widya Saraswati
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Adioro Soetojo
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Nina Dhaniar
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
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Ohshima H, Mishima K. Oral biosciences: The annual review 2022. J Oral Biosci 2023; 65:1-12. [PMID: 36740188 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Journal of Oral Biosciences is devoted to advancing and disseminating fundamental knowledge concerning every aspect of oral biosciences. HIGHLIGHT This review features review articles in the fields of "Bone Cell Biology," "Tooth Development & Regeneration," "Tooth Bleaching," "Adipokines," "Milk Thistle," "Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition," "Periodontitis," "Diagnosis," "Salivary Glands," "Tooth Root," "Exosome," "New Perspectives of Tooth Identification," "Dental Pulp," and "Saliva" in addition to the review articles by the winner of the "Lion Dental Research Award" ("Plastic changes in nociceptive pathways contributing to persistent orofacial pain") presented by the Japanese Association for Oral Biology. CONCLUSION The review articles in the Journal of Oral Biosciences have inspired its readers to broaden their knowledge about various aspects of oral biosciences. The current editorial review introduces these exciting review articles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Ohshima
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
| | - Kenji Mishima
- Division of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Showa University School of Dentistry, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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15
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Prostaglandin E 2-Transporting Pathway and Its Roles via EP2/EP4 in Cultured Human Dental Pulp. J Endod 2023; 49:410-418. [PMID: 36758673 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) exerts biological actions through its transport pathway involving intracellular synthesis, extracellular transport, and receptor binding. This study aimed to determine the localization of the components of the PGE2-transporting pathway in human dental pulp and explore the relevance of PGE2 receptors (EP2/EP4) to angiogenesis and dentinogenesis. METHODS Protein localization of microsomal PGE2 (mPGES)synthase, PGE2 transporters (multidrug resistance-associated protein-4 [MRP4] and prostaglandin transporter [PGT]), and EP2/EP4 was analyzed using double immunofluorescence staining. Tooth slices from human third molars were cultured with or without butaprost (EP2 agonist) or rivenprost (EP4 agonist) for 1 week. Morphometric analysis of endothelial cell filopodia was performed to evaluate angiogenesis, and real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate angiogenesis and odontoblast differentiation markers. RESULTS MRP4 and PGT were colocalized with mPGES and EP2/EP4 in odontoblasts and endothelial cells. Furthermore, MRP4 was colocalized with mPGES and EP4 in human leukocyte antigen-DR-expressing dendritic cells. In the tooth slice culture, EP2/EP4 agonists induced significant increases in the number and length of filopodia and mRNA expression of angiogenesis markers (vascular endothelial growth factor and fibroblast growth factor-2) and odontoblast differentiation markers (dentin sialophosphoprotein and collagen type 1). CONCLUSIONS PGE2-producing enzyme (mPGES), transporters (MRP4 and PGT), and PGE2-specific receptors (EP2/EP4) were immunolocalized in various cellular components of the human dental pulp. EP2/EP4 agonists promoted endothelial cell filopodia generation and upregulated angiogenesis- and odontoblast differentiation-related genes, suggesting that PGE2 binding to EP2/EP4 is associated with angiogenic and dentinogenic responses.
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Matheus HR, Hadad H, Monteiro JLGC, Takusagawa T, Zhang F, Ye Q, He Y, Rosales IA, Jounaidi Y, Randolph MA, Guastaldi FPS. Photo-crosslinked GelMA loaded with dental pulp stem cells and VEGF to repair critical-sized soft tissue defects in rats. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2023; 124:101373. [PMID: 36584767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.101373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue engineering of skin and mucosa is essential for the esthetic and functional reconstruction of individuals disfigured by trauma, resection surgery, or severe burns while overcoming the limited amount of autograft and donor site morbidity. PURPOSE We aimed to determine whether a combination of Gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel scaffold alone or loaded with either dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and/or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) could improve skin wound healing in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four 10 mm full-thickness skin defects were created on the dorsum of 15 Sprague-Dawley rats. The wounds were treated with GelMA alone, GelMA+DPSCs, or GelMA+DPSCs+VEGF. Unprotected wounds were used as controls. Animals were euthanized at 1-, 2-, and 4 weeks post-surgery, and the healing wounds were harvested for clinical, histological, and RT-PCR analysis. RESULTS No signs of clinical inflammation were observed among all groups. Few and sparse mononuclear inflammatory cells were observed in GelMA+DPSCs and GelMA+DPSCs+VEGF groups at 2 weeks, with complete epithelialization of the wounds. At 4 weeks, the epidermis in GelMA+DPSCs and GelMA+DPSCs+VEGF groups was indistinguishable from the empty defect and GelMA groups. The decrease in cellularity and increase in density of collagen fibers were observed over time in both GelMA+DPSCs and GelMA+DPSCs+VEGF groups but were more evident in the GelMA+DPSCs+VEGF group. The GelMA+DPSCs+VEGF group showed a higher expression of the KER 10 gene at all time points compared with the other groups. Expression of Col1 A1 and TGFβ-1 were not statistically different over time neither among the groups. CONCLUSION GelMA scaffolds loaded with DPSCs, and VEGF accelerated the re-epithelialization of skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique R Matheus
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Periodontics Division, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Hadad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Division, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Joao L G C Monteiro
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Toru Takusagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Fugui Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Yan He
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ivy A Rosales
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Youssef Jounaidi
- Department of Anaesthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Mark A Randolph
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Fernando P S Guastaldi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America.
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Hu N, Li W, Jiang W, Wen J, Gu S. Creating a Microenvironment to Give Wings to Dental Pulp Regeneration-Bioactive Scaffolds. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010158. [PMID: 36678787 PMCID: PMC9861529 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp and periapical diseases make patients suffer from acute pain and economic loss. Although root canal therapies, as demonstrated through evidence-based medicine, can relieve symptoms and are commonly employed by dentists, it is still difficult to fully restore a dental pulp's nutrition, sensory, and immune-regulation functions. In recent years, researchers have made significant progress in tissue engineering to regenerate dental pulp in a desired microenvironment. With breakthroughs in regenerative medicine and material science, bioactive scaffolds play a pivotal role in creating a suitable microenvironment for cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation, following dental restoration and regeneration. This article focuses on current challenges and novel perspectives about bioactive scaffolds in creating a microenvironment to promote dental pulp regeneration. We hope our readers will gain a deeper understanding and new inspiration of dental pulp regeneration through our summary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Hu
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Weiping Li
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Head & Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wentao Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jin Wen
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai 200125, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (S.G.)
| | - Shensheng Gu
- Department of Endodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
- National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (S.G.)
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18
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Kobayashi Y, Nouet J, Baljinnyam E, Siddiqui Z, Fine DH, Fraidenraich D, Kumar VA, Shimizu E. iPSC-derived cranial neural crest-like cells can replicate dental pulp tissue with the aid of angiogenic hydrogel. Bioact Mater 2022; 14:290-301. [PMID: 35310357 PMCID: PMC8897656 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The dental pulp has irreplaceable roles in maintaining healthy teeth and its regeneration is a primary aim of regenerative endodontics. This study aimed to replicate the characteristics of dental pulp tissue by using cranial neural crest (CNC)-like cells (CNCLCs); these cells were generated by modifying several steps of a previously established method for deriving NC-like cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). CNC is the anterior region of the neural crest in vertebrate embryos, which contains the primordium of dental pulp cells or odontoblasts. The produced CNCLCs showed approximately 2.5–12,000-fold upregulations of major CNC marker genes. Furthermore, the CNCLCs exhibited remarkable odontoblastic differentiation ability, especially when treated with a combination of the fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) FGF4 and FGF9. The FGFs induced odontoblast marker genes by 1.7–5.0-fold, as compared to bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) treatment. In a mouse subcutaneous implant model, the CNCLCs briefly fated with FGF4 + FGF9 replicated dental pulp tissue characteristics, such as harboring odontoblast-like cells, a dentin-like layer, and vast neovascularization, induced by the angiogenic self-assembling peptide hydrogel (SAPH), SLan. SLan acts as a versatile biocompatible scaffold in the canal space. This study demonstrated a successful collaboration between regenerative medicine and SAPH technology. Cranial neural crest like cells (CNCLCs) were generated by simplifying a previously established method for deriving neural crest-like cells from iPSCs. The produced CNCLCs showed approximately ∼12,000-fold upregulations of major CNC marker genes. The combination of fibroblast growth factors, FGF4 and FGF9, induced the CNCLCs toward odontoblastic differentiation more effectively than BMP4. In a mice subcutaneous implant model, the CNCLCs replicated the characteristics of dental pulp harboring vast neovascularization with the aid of the angiogenic hydrogel, SLan.
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Liang C, Liang Q, Xu X, Liu X, Gao X, Li M, Yang J, Xing X, Huang H, Tang Q, Liao L, Tian W. Bone morphogenetic protein 7 mediates stem cells migration and angiogenesis: therapeutic potential for endogenous pulp regeneration. Int J Oral Sci 2022; 14:38. [PMID: 35858911 PMCID: PMC9300630 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00188-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulp loss is accompanied by the functional impairment of defense, sensory, and nutrition supply. The approach based on endogenous stem cells is a potential strategy for pulp regeneration. However, endogenous stem cell sources, exogenous regenerative signals, and neovascularization are major difficulties for pulp regeneration based on endogenous stem cells. Therefore, the purpose of our research is to seek an effective cytokines delivery strategy and bioactive materials to reestablish an ideal regenerative microenvironment for pulp regeneration. In in vitro study, we investigated the effects of Wnt3a, transforming growth factor-beta 1, and bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) on human dental pulp stem cells (h-DPSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. 2D and 3D culture systems based on collagen gel, matrigel, and gelatin methacryloyl were fabricated to evaluate the morphology and viability of h-DPSCs. In in vivo study, an ectopic nude mouse model and an in situ beagle dog model were established to investigate the possibility of pulp regeneration by implanting collagen gel loading BMP7. We concluded that BMP7 promoted the migration and odontogenic differentiation of h-DPSCs and vessel formation. Collagen gel maintained the cell adhesion, cell spreading, and cell viability of h-DPSCs in 2D or 3D culture. The transplantation of collagen gel loading BMP7 induced vascularized pulp-like tissue regeneration in vivo. The injectable approach based on collagen gel loading BMP7 might exert promising therapeutic application in endogenous pulp regeneration. BMP7 as a regenerative signaling molecule mediates stem cell migration and odontoblastic differentiation (a) and as a pro-angiogenic factor promotes revascularization of endothelial cells (b). Collagen gel supports cell adhesion, spreading, and viability (c). ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingqing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Maojiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaotao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haisen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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20
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Moura FBRDE, Ferreira BA, Muniz EH, Santos RA, Gomide JAL, Justino AB, Silva ACA, Dantas NO, Ribeiro DL, Araújo FA, Espindola FS, Tomiosso TC. TiO2 Nanocrystals and Annona crassiflora Polyphenols Used Alone or Mixed Impact Differently on Wound Repair. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20210230. [PMID: 35830083 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220210230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wounds treated with TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) show an improvement in healing time. However, little is known about the parameters that can contribute to this result. On the other hand, the treatment of wounds with polyphenols is widely known. These compounds are found in the peel of Annona crassiflora fruit and have antioxidant, analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we evaluated the healing effect of TiO2 nanocrystals (TiO2-NCs), polyphenolic fractions obtained from ethanolic extract of A. crassiflora fruit peel (PFAC) and mix (PFAC + TiO2-NCs) on the parameters of wound closure, inflammation, collagen deposition, metalloproteinase activity (MMPs) and angiogenesis. TiO2-NCs and PFAC have activity for wound healing, showed anti-inflammatory action and a shorter wound closure time. These treatments also contributed to increased collagen deposition, while only treatment with TiO2-NCs increased MMP-2 activity, parameters essential for the migration of keratinocytes and for complete restoration of the injured tissue. The combination of PFAC + TiO2-NCs reduced the effectiveness of individual treatments by intensifying the inflammatory process, in addition to delaying wound closure. We conclude that the interaction between the hydroxyl groups of PFAC polyphenols with TiO2-NCs may have contributed to difference in the healing activity of skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francyelle B R DE Moura
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Avenida Pará, 1720, Umuarama, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.,Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Barão Geraldo, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Antonio Ferreira
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Avenida Pará, 1720, Umuarama, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Elusca Helena Muniz
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Avenida Pará, 1720, Umuarama, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Rinara A Santos
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Avenida Pará, 1720, Umuarama, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - José Augusto L Gomide
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Rua Acre, 1004, Umuarama, 38405-319 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Allisson B Justino
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Rua Acre, 1004, Umuarama, 38405-319 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Anielle Christine A Silva
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Laboratório de Novos Nanoestruturados e Funcionais, Instituto de Física, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, 57072-900 Maceió, AL, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Programa de Pós-Graduação da Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, 57072-970 Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Noelio O Dantas
- Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Laboratório de Novos Nanoestruturados e Funcionais, Instituto de Física, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota, s/n, Tabuleiro do Martins, 57072-900 Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Daniele L Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Avenida Pará, 1720, Umuarama, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernanda A Araújo
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Avenida Pará, 1720, Umuarama, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Foued S Espindola
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Rua Acre, 1004, Umuarama, 38405-319 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Carla Tomiosso
- Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Avenida Pará, 1720, Umuarama, 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.,Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, Barão Geraldo, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
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21
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Bagio DA, Julianto I, Margono A, Suprastiwi E. Analysis of Thrombin-Activated Platelet-Derived Exosome (T-aPDE) Potential for Dental Pulp Regeneration: In-Vitro Study. Eur J Dent 2022; 17:173-182. [PMID: 35728610 PMCID: PMC9949920 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1744370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study analyzed the potential of various concentrations of the thrombin-activated platelet-derived exosome (T-aPDE) to regenerate the dental pulp by performing an in-vitro analysis of the cell viability, migration activity, and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) expression of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). MATERIAL AND METHODS The hDPSCs were collected from nine third molar teeth of nine healthy donors and were isolated and cultured using the explant method. They were harvested between the third and fourth passages and starved, after which they were seeded in the following treatments: Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium and 10% platelet-rich plasma-thrombin as the control groups, and 0.5, 1, and 5% T-aPDE as the experimental groups. All groups had three biological triplicates (Triplo) and two number of experiments. The T-aPDE was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy testing, particle size analyzer, and CD63 + and CD81 + specific immune phenotyping flow cytometry tests for plasma exosomes. The cell viability was evaluated using the colorimetric assay of activity cellular enzymes (MTT assay); the migration activity, using scratch assay; and the VEGF-A expression, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The highest viability absorbance value of hDPSCs after 24, 48, 72 hours of observation was in the 5% T-aPDE group (p<0.05). Whereas, the closest distance result of migratory activation hDPSCs was also in the same group (p<0.05). However the highest VEGF-A expression of hDSPCs was noted in the same group at 72 hours observation (p<0.05). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The statistical power was set at p <0.05 CONCLUSION: The 5% T-aPDE had a higher potential to induce dental pulp regeneration than the other groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dini Asrianti Bagio
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Indah Julianto
- Department of Dermato Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Solo Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Anggraini Margono
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Endang Suprastiwi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia,Address for correspondence Endang Suprastiwi, DDS, PhD Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas IndonesiaJln. Salemba Raya No 4. Jakarta 13410Indonesia
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22
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Álvarez-Vásquez JL, Castañeda-Alvarado CP. Dental pulp fibroblast: A star Cell. J Endod 2022; 48:1005-1019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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23
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MTA-Enriched Polymeric Scaffolds Enhanced the Expression of Angiogenic Markers in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:7583489. [PMID: 35237330 PMCID: PMC8885263 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7583489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Revascularization of the pulp tissue is one of the fundamental processes and challenges in regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs). In this regard, the current study is aimed at synthesizing the mineral trioxide aggregate- (MTA-) based scaffolds as a biomaterial for REPs. Poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/chitosan (CS)/MTA scaffolds were constructed and evaluated by FTIR, SEM, XRD, and TGA analyses. Proliferation and adhesion of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were assessed on these scaffolds by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and MTT assays, respectively. The expression of angiogenic markers was investigated in gene and protein levels by real-time PCR and western blotting tests. Our results indicated that the obtained appropriate physicochemical characteristics of scaffolds could be suitable for REPs. The adhesion and proliferation level of hDPSCs were significantly increased after seeding on PCL/CS/MTA scaffolds. The expression levels of VEGFR-2, Tie2, and Angiopoietin-1 genes were statistically increased on the PCL/CS/MTA scaffold. In support of these findings, western blotting results showed the upregulation of these markers at protein levels in PCL/CS/MTA scaffold (
). The current study results suggested that PCL/CS/MTA scaffolds provide appropriate structures for the adhesion and proliferation of hDPSCs besides induction of the angiogenesis process in these cells.
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Atila D, Chen CY, Lin CP, Lee YL, Hasirci V, Tezcaner A, Lin FH. In vitro evaluation of injectable Tideglusib-loaded hyaluronic acid hydrogels incorporated with Rg1-loaded chitosan microspheres for vital pulp regeneration. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 278:118976. [PMID: 34973790 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Injectable systems receive attention in endodontics due to the complicated and irregular anatomical structure of root canals. Here, injectable Tideglusib (Td)-loaded hyaluronic acid hydrogels (HAH) incorporated with Rg1-loaded chitosan microspheres (CSM) were developed for vital pulp regeneration, providing release of Td and Rg1 to trigger odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) by Td and vascularization of pulp by Rg1. The optimal concentrations were determined as 90 nM and 50 μg/mL for Td and Rg1, and loaded in HA and CSM in HAH, respectively. Odontogenic (COL1A1, ALP, OCN, Axin-2, DSPP, and DMP1) and angiogenic (VEGFA, VEGFR2, and eNOS) differentiation of DPSC cultured in the presence of hydrogels was shown at gene expression level. Our results suggest that our injectable hydrogel formulation has potential to improve strategies for vital pulp regeneration. In vivo evaluations are needed to test the feasibility and potential of these hydrogels for vital pulp regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Atila
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Nanomedicine (IBEN), National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences & Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320317, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Pin Lin
- School of Dentistry and Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, National Taiwan University and Hospital, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ling Lee
- School of Dentistry and Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, National Taiwan University and Hospital, Taipei 106216, Taiwan
| | - Vasif Hasirci
- Department of Medical Engineering, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34758, Turkey; BIOMATEN, CoE in Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Ayşen Tezcaner
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; BIOMATEN, CoE in Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Nanomedicine (IBEN), National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine & College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106216, Taiwan.
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Zaw ZCT, Kawashima N, Kaneko T, Okiji T. Angiogenesis during coronal pulp regeneration using rat dental pulp cells: Neovascularization in rat molars in vivo and proangiogenic dental pulp cell-endothelial cell interactions in vitro. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:1160-1168. [PMID: 35784152 PMCID: PMC9236944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Angiogenesis is considered a crucial event for dental pulp regeneration. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate neovascularization during coronal pulp regeneration in rat molars using rat dental pulp cells (rDPCs) and to examine whether rDPC-endothelial cell interactions promote proangiogenic capacity in vitro. Materials and methods Maxillary first molars of Wistar rats (n = 42) were pulpotomized and rDPCs isolated from incisors were implanted with a porous poly (l-lactic acid) (PLLA) scaffold and hydrogel (Matrigel). After 3, 7, and 14 days, coronal pulp tissues were examined histologically and by nestin and CD146 immunohistochemistry. rDPCs and rat dermal microvascular endothelial cells (rDMECs) were cocultured for 4 days and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) synthesis and angiogenic factor gene expression were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Effects of cocultured medium on tube formation by rDMECs were also evaluated. Results Implantation of rDPC/PLLA/Matrigel induced coronal pulp regeneration with dentin bridge formation and arrangement of nestin-positive odontoblast-like cells at 14 days. PLLA/Matrigel without rDPCs did not induce pulp regeneration. CD146-positive blood vessels increased in density in the remaining pulp tissues at 3 and 7 days, and in the regenerated pulp tissue at 14 days. rDPC/DMEC coculture significantly promoted VEGF secretion and mRNA expression of nuclear factor-kappa B, angiogenic chemokine CXCL1, and chemokine receptor CXCR1. Cocultured medium significantly promoted tube formation. Conclusion Coronal pulp regeneration with rDPC/PLLA/Matrigel was accompanied by neovascularization. rDPC-rDMEC interactions may promote angiogenic activity represented by proangiogenic factor upregulation and tube formation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zar Chi Thein Zaw
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Dental Medicine, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Nobuyuki Kawashima
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
- Corresponding author. Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan. Fax: +81 3 5803 5494.
| | - Tomoatsu Kaneko
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Okiji
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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The additive effect of iloprost on the biological properties of Mineral trioxide aggregate on mesenchymal stem cells. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:225-232. [PMID: 35028042 PMCID: PMC8739256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Iloprost has been proposed as a potential biomaterial owing to angiogenic and odontogenic properties. However, the liquid form can limit its use during clinical applications. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been used for various dental applications in which cell–material interaction is essential. This study aimed to investigate additive effects of iloprost on the biological properties of MTA on the viability, attachment, migration and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Materials and methods Standardized human dentin disks were prepared. MTA was prepared by mixing distilled water or iloprost solution, and the lumen of the disks was filled with MTA or MTA-iloprost. hMSCs on disk alone and hMSCs on culture plates were used as controls. Cell viability and attachment were measured after 1, 7 and 14 days using AlamarBlue assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cell migration in MTA or MTA-iloprost extracts was determined using a wound-healing model. Osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OSP) gene expressions after 7 and 14 days of osteogenic induction. Results Cells on MTA-iloprost surface showed similar viability with MTA at 1 and 14 days but enhanced cellular viability and cell spreading compared to MTA at 7 days (p < 0.05). Cell migration was similar by MTA-iloprost and MTA extracts (p > 0.05). MTAiloprost significantly upregulated BSP, OCN and OSP expressions compared to MTA (p < 0.05). Conclusion The addition of iloprost to MTA improved the initial cell viability and osteogenic potential of hMSCs.
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Bar JK, Lis-Nawara A, Grelewski PG. Dental Pulp Stem Cell-Derived Secretome and Its Regenerative Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112018. [PMID: 34769446 PMCID: PMC8584775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of the dental pulp stem (DSC) cell-derived secretome, consisting of various biomolecules, is undergoing intense research. Despite promising in vitro and in vivo studies, most DSC secretome-based therapies have not been implemented in human medicine because the paracrine effect of the bioactive factors secreted by human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) is not completely understood. In this review, we outline the current data on the hDPSC- and SHED-derived secretome as a potential candidate in the regeneration of bone, cartilage, and nerve tissue. Published reports demonstrate that the dental MSC-derived secretome/conditional medium may be effective in treating neurodegenerative diseases, neural injuries, cartilage defects, and repairing bone by regulating neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and angiogenic processes through secretome paracrine mechanisms. Dental MSC-secretomes, similarly to the bone marrow MSC-secretome activate molecular and cellular mechanisms, which determine the effectiveness of cell-free therapy. Many reports emphasize that dental MSC-derived secretomes have potential application in tissue-regenerating therapy due to their multidirectional paracrine effect observed in the therapy of many different injured tissues.
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Sulistyowati I, Sukpaita T, Limjeerajarus CN, Ampornaramveth RS. Hydroxamate-Based Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors as Potential Mediators to Induce Dentine Regeneration by Human Dental Pulp Cell. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.765462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) have shown their plasticity when treated with the hydroxamate-based histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor members, Trichostatin A (TSA), and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA). However, a comparison of their potency to stimulate odontoblast-like differentiation and mineralization has not been reported. The aim of our study was to confirm and compare these TSA and SAHA effects. Primary hDPCs cultured with/without various TSA or SAHA concentrations were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), ALP activity, alizarin red staining, and scratch wound healing assays. The inhibitory effect of TSA and SAHA on inhibiting the activity of HDAC was evaluated by HDAC activity assay. Odontoblast-related gene expression was determined using RT-qPCR. The MTT assay indicated that TSA or SAHA did not affect hDPC viability. TSA or SAHA treatment-induced odontoblast-like differentiation as evidenced by a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase activity and mineral deposition after 400 nM TSA or 1 μM SAHA treatment. A significant increase in nuclear factor I C, kruppel like factor 4, dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1, dentin sialophosphoprotein, collagen type I alpha 1 chain, alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), integrin-binding sialoprotein, bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein, vascular endothelial growth factor A, and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A gene expression analyzed by RT-qPCR, at 24, 72 h, 7, and 10 days of treatment. The activity of HDAC in hDPCs culture was significantly inhibited after 72 h TSA and SAHA treatment. The scratch wound healing assay displayed enhanced cell migration at 72 h after TSA or SAHA treatment. Our findings demonstrated that TSA and SAHA have similar stimulatory effects in inducing HDPC odontogenic differentiation and mineralization and propose another potential use of TSA and SAHA to promote dentin regeneration.
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Bagio DA, Julianto I, Margono A, Suprastiwi E. Increased VEGF-A Expression of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs) Cultured with Advanced Platelet Rich Fibrin (A-PRF). Open Dent J 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210602115010569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
VEGF-A expression of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) can induce the angiogenesis process of dental pulp regeneration. This in vitro study aimed to analyze the effect of various concentrations of Advanced Platelet Rich Fibrin (A-PRF) conditioned media (CM) on the increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) of hDPSCs.
Methods:
hDPSCs were collected from ten third molars extracted from nine healthy donors, cultured, and then harvested at the end of the third passage. The hDPSCs were seeded in four different CM (control group: hDPSCs + DMEM; 1% A-PRF CM group: hDPSCs + 1% A-PRF CM; 5% A-PRF CM group: hDPSCs + 5% A-PRF CM; 10% A-PRF CM group: hDPSCs + 10% A-PRF CM). All of the groups were cultured in biological triplicates (Triplo) and observed for 5, 12, and 24 hours. The VEGF-A protein expression of hDPSCs was measured using human VEGF-A ELISA at a wavelength of 405 nm. Data was analyzed with Kruskal Wallis and post hoc Mann Whitney test with p<0.05.
Results:
The VEGF-A expression rate of hDPSCs among all groups was statistically significantly different at 5, 12 and 24 hours of observations (p<0.05). Post hoc analysis test showed a statistically significant difference of hDPSCs’s VEGF-A expression between 5% A-PRF groups compared to other groups at 5 and 12 hours of observation (p<0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences observed of hDPSCs’ VEGF-A expression at 24 hours of observation between 1%, 5% and 10% A-PRF groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion:
5% A-PRF CM was superior in increasing VEGF-A expression of hDPSCs at 5, 12 and 24 hours of observations.
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Li M, Wang Q, Han Q, Wu J, Zhu H, Fang Y, Bi X, Chen Y, Yao C, Wang X. Novel Molecule Nell-1 Promotes the Angiogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Front Physiol 2021; 12:703593. [PMID: 34512380 PMCID: PMC8427597 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.703593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This work aimed to reveal the crucial role of Nell-1 in the angiogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) alone or co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVECs) in vitro and whether this molecule is involved in the pulp exposure model in vivo. Methods Immunofluorescence was conducted to ascertain the location of Nell-1 on DPSCs, HUVECs, and normal rat dental tissues. RT-PCR, Western blot, and ELISA were performed to observe the expression levels of angiogenic markers and determine the angiogenic differentiation of Nell-1 on DPSCs alone or co-cultured with HUVECs, as well as in vitro tube formation assay. Blood vessel number for all groups was observed and compared using immunohistochemistry by establishing a rat pulp exposure model. Results Nell-1 is highly expressed in the nucleus of DPSCs and HUVECs and is co-expressed with angiogenic markers in normal rat pulp tissues. Hence, Nell-1 can promote the angiogenic marker expression in DPSCs alone and co-cultured with other cells and can enhance angiogenesis in vitro as well as in the pulp exposure model. Conclusion Nell-1 may play a positive role in the angiogenic differentiation of DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyue Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Qi Han
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiameng Wu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongfan Zhu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yixuan Fang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiuting Bi
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Yao
- Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Gong Q, Zeng J, Zhang X, Huang Y, Chen C, Quan J, Ling J. Effect of erythropoietin on angiogenic potential of dental pulp cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1079. [PMID: 34447472 PMCID: PMC8355638 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is a 34-kDa glycoprotein that possesses the potential for angiogenesis, as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. The present study aimed to examine the effect of EPO on the angiogenesis of dental pulp cells (DPCs) and to explore the underlying mechanisms of these effects. It was demonstrated that EPO not only promoted DPCs proliferation but also induced angiogenesis of DPCs in a paracrine fashion. EPO enhanced the angiogenic capacity by stimulating DPCs to secrete a series of angiogenic cytokines. ELISA confirmed that high concentrations of EPO increased the production of MMP-3 and angiopoietin-1 but decreased the secretion of IL-6. Furthermore, EPO activated the ERK1/2 and p38 signaling pathways in DPCs, while inhibition of these pathways diminished the angiogenesis capacity of DPCs. The present study suggested that EPO may have an important role in the repair and regeneration of dental pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimei Gong
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Junyu Zeng
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Xufang Zhang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Yihua Huang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Chanchan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518038, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Quan
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
| | - Junqi Ling
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055, P.R. China
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Boreak N, Khayrat NMA, Shami AO, Zaylaee HJM, Hanbashi AA, Souri SA, Otayf HM, Bakri RE, Ajeely MEM, Bakri AEH, Jafer MA, Raj AT, Baeshen HA, Patil S. Metformin pre-conditioning enhances the angiogenic ability of the secretome of dental pulp stem cells. Saudi Pharm J 2021; 29:908-913. [PMID: 34408549 PMCID: PMC8363104 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of metformin on the angiogenic ability of secretomes from dental pulp stem cells. The stem cells were obtained from the dental pulp (DPSCs) (n = 3) using the explant culture method. We treated the DPSCs with different concentrations of metformin and assessed the expression of the angiogenesis-related genes. We also tested the angiogenic effect of the secretomes on the yolk sac membrane of the chick embryos by counting the quaternary blood vessel formations on the yolk sac membrane. We found that metformin treatment enhanced the angiogenic potential of the stem cell secretome in a dose-dependent manner. This was evidenced by the increase in the quaternary blood vessel formations in the yolk sac membrane with lower to higher concentrations of metformin. Pre-treatment with metformin modulates the angiogenic potential of the stem cell-conditioned media in a dose-dependent manner. The augmentation of the angiogenic potential of the DPSCs can aid regeneration, especially in scenarios requiring the regeneration of vacuoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezar Boreak
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mohammed Abdurabu Jafer
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University/CAPHRI, The Netherlands
| | - A. Thirumal Raj
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Hosam Ali Baeshen
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
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Li B, Ouchi T, Cao Y, Zhao Z, Men Y. Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: State of the Art. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:654559. [PMID: 34239870 PMCID: PMC8258348 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.654559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could be identified in mammalian teeth. Currently, dental-derived MSCs (DMSCs) has become a collective term for all the MSCs isolated from dental pulp, periodontal ligament, dental follicle, apical papilla, and even gingiva. These DMSCs possess similar multipotent potential as bone marrow-derived MSCs, including differentiation into cells that have the characteristics of odontoblasts, cementoblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myocytes, epithelial cells, neural cells, hepatocytes, and adipocytes. Besides, DMSCs also have powerful immunomodulatory functions, which enable them to orchestrate the surrounding immune microenvironment. These properties enable DMSCs to have a promising approach in injury repair, tissue regeneration, and treatment of various diseases. This review outlines the most recent advances in DMSCs' functions and applications and enlightens how these advances are paving the path for DMSC-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Takehito Ouchi
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yubin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Orthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Men
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Li Q, Hu Z, Liang Y, Xu C, Hong Y, Liu X. Multifunctional peptide-conjugated nanocarriers for pulp regeneration in a full-length human tooth root. Acta Biomater 2021; 127:252-265. [PMID: 33813092 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Dental pulp is a highly vascularized tissue, situated in an inextensible environment surrounded by rigid dentinal walls. The pulp receives its blood supply solely from the small apical foramen of a tooth root. Due to the unique anatomy that controls nutrition supply, regeneration of pulp tissue in a full-length tooth root has long been a challenge in regenerative endodontics. In this study, we designed and synthesized a multifunctional peptide-conjugated, pH-sensitive, non-viral gene vector for fast revascularization and pulp regeneration in a full-length human tooth root. The multifunctional peptide was designed to have distinctive features, including a cell-penetrating peptide to enhance cellular uptake, a nuclear localization signal peptide to assist in the translocation of an angiogenic gene into the nucleus, and a fluorescent tryptophan residue to visualize and quantify the transfection efficiency. Furthermore, a pH-sensitive dimethylmaleic anhydride (DMA) was integrated with the multifunctional peptide to enhance the transfected gene complex to escape from endosomes/lysosomes after internalization. In vitro experiments showed that the multifunctional non-viral gene vector significantly increased internalization and gene transfection efficiency as well as reduced cytotoxicity. After dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were transfected with the multifunctional gene vector/pVEGF complexes, the expression of VEGF from the DPSCs was upregulated for more than eight folds, which in turn greatly enhanced endothelial cell migration and vascular-like tube formation. Six weeks after implantation, the VEGF-transfected DPSCs accelerated new blood vessel formation and the regenerated pulp tissue occupied most of the area in the canal of a full-length human tooth root. The multifunctional peptide conjugated non-viral gene delivery is a safe and effective approach for regenerative endodontics. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Pulp regeneration in a full-length tooth root canal has long been a challenge in regenerative endodontics. This is due to the unique root anatomy that allows the blood supply of the tooth root only from a small apical foramen (< 1 mm), leading to a severe barrier for revascularization during pulp regeneration. In this work, we designed a multifunctional peptide-conjugated, pH-sensitive, non-viral gene vector to address this challenge. Our work shows that the peptide-conjugated system was an excellent carrier for fast revascularization and pulp tissue regeneration in a full-length toot root. This study will interest the multidisciplinary readership in gene delivery, biomaterials, and dental/craniofacial tissue engineering community.
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Paes SM, Pupo YM, Cavenago BC, Fonseca-Silva T, Santos CCDO. Cryopreservation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental pulp: a systematic review. Restor Dent Endod 2021; 46:e26. [PMID: 34123762 PMCID: PMC8170376 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2021.46.e26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the present systematic review was to investigate the cryopreservation process of dental pulp mesenchymal stromal cells and whether cryopreservation is effective in promoting cell viability and recovery. Materials and Methods This systematic review was developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and the research question was determined using the population, exposure, comparison, and outcomes strategy. Electronic searches were conducted in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, LILACS, and SciELO databases and in the gray literature (dissertations and thesis databases and Google Scholar) for relevant articles published up to March 2019. Clinical trial studies performed with dental pulp of human permanent or primary teeth, containing concrete information regarding the cryopreservation stages, and with cryopreservation performed for a period of at least 1 week were included in this study. Results The search strategy resulted in the retrieval of 185 publications. After the application of the eligibility criteria, 21 articles were selected for a qualitative analysis. Conclusions The cryopreservation process must be carried out in 6 stages: tooth disinfection, pulp extraction, cell isolation, cell proliferation, cryopreservation, and thawing. In addition, it can be inferred that the use of dimethyl sulfoxide, programmable freezing, and storage in liquid nitrogen are associated with a high rate of cell viability after thawing and a high rate of cell proliferation in both primary and permanent teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Moreira Paes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba/PR, Brazil
| | - Yasmine Mendes Pupo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba/PR, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Fonseca-Silva
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina/MG, Brazil
| | - Carolina Carvalho de Oliveira Santos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba/PR, Brazil.,Department of Dentistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina/MG, Brazil
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Pulpal Response to the Combined Use of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Iloprost for Direct Pulp Capping. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11083702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The present study aims to assess the combined effects of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and iloprost when used as a pulp capping material on pulpal inflammation and tertiary dentin formation compared with MTA and iloprost alone in rat molar teeth. Methods: Eighty maxillary first molar rat teeth were exposed and capped with iloprost solution, MTA, or MTA mixed with iloprost (MTA-iloprost). The cavities were then filled with resin-modified glass ionomer. The cavity was restored with glass ionomer without the use of pulp capping agent in the control group. The rats were sacrificed after one and four weeks. Block sections of the molar specimens were prepared and subjected to hematoxylin and eosin staining for evaluation. Statistical analysis was done using the Kruskal–Wallis test, followed by Dunnett’s test. Results: At week one, the control group showed significantly more severe pulpal inflammatory reactions than the iloprost (p = 0.00), MTA (p = 0.04), and MTA-iloprost (p = 0.00) groups. Hard tissue formation was commonly found in the iloprost, MTA, and MTA-iloprost groups. After four weeks, pulpal tissue degeneration was observed in the control group. Complete hard tissue barriers were found in 50%, 72.7%, and 77.8% of the specimens in iloprost, MTA, and MTA-iloprost groups, respectively, with no significant differences among the experimental groups. The dentinal tubule patterns were mostly regular in the MTA-iloprost group and irregular in the iloprost and MTA groups. Conclusions: The application of iloprost, MTA, and MTA-iloprost as a pulp capping material resulted in similar pulpal responses in the mechanically exposed pulp of rat molars. Therefore, mixing MTA with iloprost might not be clinically significant.
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Caviedes-Bucheli J, Lopez-Moncayo LF, Muñoz-Alvear HD, Gomez-Sosa JF, Diaz-Barrera LE, Curtidor H, Munoz HR. Expression of substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide and vascular endothelial growth factor in human dental pulp under different clinical stimuli. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:152. [PMID: 33757513 PMCID: PMC7988903 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01519-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to measure the dental pulp inflammatory response through neuropeptides (SP and CGRP) as a response to occlusal trauma, orthodontic movements and a combination of both, as well as the angiogenic defense mechanism through VEGF expression, which could be the initial step to mineralized tissue formation. METHODS Forty human dental pulp samples were collected from healthy first premolars with extraction indicated due to orthodontic reasons from a sample of 20 patients. Patients were divided into four groups with 10 premolars each (1 mandibular and 1 maxillary premolar from each patient): healthy pulp control group, occlusal trauma group, moderate orthodontic forces group; and occlusal trauma plus moderate orthodontic forces group. Stimuli were applied for 24 h before tooth extraction in all experimental groups. All samples were processed, and SP, CGRP, and VEGF were measured by radioimmunoassay. The Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to assess significant differences among groups and Mann-Whitney's U post hoc pairwise comparisons were also performed. RESULTS The highest increase in SP, CGRP, and VEGF expressions was found in the occlusal trauma plus orthodontic forces group, followed by the moderate orthodontic forces, the occlusal trauma and the control groups, with statistically significant differences between all groups for each of the 3 peptides analyzed (Kruskal-Wallis p < 0.001). All possible pairwise post-hoc comparisons were also significant for each peptide analyzed (Mann-Whitney's U p < 0.001). CONCLUSION SP, CGRP, and VEGF expressions significantly increase in human dental pulps when stimulated by occlusal trauma combined with moderate orthodontic forces, as compared with these two stimuli applied independently. Name of the registry: Importance of Neurogenic Inflammation in the Angiogenic Response of the Dental Pulp as a Defensive Response. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03804034. Date of registration: 01/15/2019 Retrospectively registered. URL of trial registry record: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03804034?term=NCT03804034&draw=2&rank=1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Caviedes-Bucheli
- Centro de Investigaciones Odontologicas, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. .,Endodontics Department, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Pasto, Colombia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hugo Roberto Munoz
- Endodontics Department, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala
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Matoug-Elwerfelli M, Nazzal H, Raif EM, Wilshaw SP, Esteves F, Duggal M. Ex-vivo recellularisation and stem cell differentiation of a decellularised rat dental pulp matrix. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21553. [PMID: 33299073 PMCID: PMC7725831 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78477-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Implementing the principles of tissue engineering within the clinical management of non-vital immature permanent teeth is of clinical interest. However, the ideal scaffold remains elusive. The aim of this work was to assess the feasibility of decellularising rat dental pulp tissue and evaluate the ability of such scaffold to support stem cell repopulation. Rat dental pulps were retrieved and divided into control and decellularised groups. The decellularisation protocol incorporated a low detergent concentration and hypotonic buffers. After decellularisation, the scaffolds were characterised histologically, immunohistochemistry and the residual DNA content quantified. Surface topography was also viewed under scanning electron microscopy. Biocompatibility was evaluated using cytotoxicity assays utilising L-929 cell line. Decellularised scaffolds were recellularised with human dental pulp stem cells up to 14 days in vitro. Cellular viability was assessed using LIVE/DEAD stain kit and the recellularised scaffolds were further assessed histologically and immunolabelled using makers for odontoblastic differentiation, cytoskeleton components and growth factors. Analysis of the decellularised scaffolds revealed an acellular matrix with histological preservation of structural components. Decellularised scaffolds were biocompatible and able to support stem cell survival following recellularisation. Immunolabelling of the recellularised scaffolds demonstrated positive cellular expression against the tested markers in culture. This study has demonstrated the feasibility of developing a biocompatible decellularised dental pulp scaffold, which is able to support dental pulp stem cell repopulation. Clinically, decellularised pulp tissue could possibly be a suitable scaffold for use within regenerative (reparative) endodontic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Matoug-Elwerfelli
- Division of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Department of Clinical Dental Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Nazzal
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,Hamad Dental Centre, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - El Mostafa Raif
- Division of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Stacy-Paul Wilshaw
- Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.,School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Filomena Esteves
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, St James University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Monty Duggal
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. .,Discipline of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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Bertassoni LE. Progress and Challenges in Microengineering the Dental Pulp Vascular Microenvironment. J Endod 2020; 46:S90-S100. [PMID: 32950200 PMCID: PMC9924144 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The dental pulp is highly vascularized and innervated tissue that is uniquely designed, being highly biologically active, while being enclosed within the calcified structure of the tooth. It is well-established that the dental pulp vasculature is a key requirement for the functional performance of the tooth. Therefore, controlled regeneration of the dental pulp vasculature is a challenge that must be met for future regenerative endeavors in endodontics. METHODS In this perspective review, we address recent progress and challenges on the use of microengineering methods and biomaterials scaffolds to fabricate the dental pulp vascular microenvironment. RESULTS The conditions required to control the growth and differentiation of vascular capillaries are discussed, together with the conditions required for the formation of mature and stable pericyte-supported microvascular networks in 3-dimensional hydrogels and fabricated microchannels. Recent biofabrication methods, such as 3-dimensional bioprinting and micromolding are also discussed. Moreover, recent advances in the field of organs-on-a-chip are discussed regarding their applicability to dental research and endodontic regeneration. CONCLUSION Collectively, this short review offers future directions in the field that are presented with the objective of pointing toward successful pathways for successful clinical and translational strategies in regenerative endodontics, with especial emphasis on the dental pulp vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz E. Bertassoni
- Division of Biomaterials and Biomechanics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA., Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA., Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA., Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
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40
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Tatullo M, Marrelli B, Palmieri F, Amantea M, Nuzzolese M, Valletta R, Zavan B, De Vito D. Promising Scaffold-Free Approaches in Translational Dentistry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3001. [PMID: 32357435 PMCID: PMC7246530 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine has recently improved the principal therapies in several medical fields. In the past ten years, the continuous search for novel approaches to treat the most common dental pathologies has developed a new branch called regenerative dentistry. The main research fields of translational dentistry involve biomimetic materials, orally derived stem cells, and tissue engineering to populate scaffolds with autologous stem cells and bioactive growth factors. The scientific literature has reported two main research trends in regenerative dentistry: scaffold-based and scaffold-free approaches. This article aims to critically review the main biological properties of scaffold-free regenerative procedures in dentistry. The most impactful pros and cons of the exosomes, the leading role of hypoxia-based mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and the strategic use of heat shock proteins in regenerative dentistry will be highlighted and discussed in terms of the use of such tools in dental regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tatullo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70122 Bari, Italy;
- Marrelli Health, Tecnologica Research Institute, 88900 Crotone, Italy; (B.M.); (F.P.); (M.A.)
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Sechenov University Russia, Moscow 119146, Russia
| | - Benedetta Marrelli
- Marrelli Health, Tecnologica Research Institute, 88900 Crotone, Italy; (B.M.); (F.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Francesca Palmieri
- Marrelli Health, Tecnologica Research Institute, 88900 Crotone, Italy; (B.M.); (F.P.); (M.A.)
| | - Massimiliano Amantea
- Marrelli Health, Tecnologica Research Institute, 88900 Crotone, Italy; (B.M.); (F.P.); (M.A.)
| | | | - Rosa Valletta
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Barbara Zavan
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Danila De Vito
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70122 Bari, Italy;
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An S. Nitric Oxide in Dental Pulp Tissue: From Molecular Understanding to Clinical Application in Regenerative Endodontic Procedures. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 26:327-347. [PMID: 32131706 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), which is synthesized by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS), is a versatile endogenous molecule with multiple biological effects on many tissues and organs. In dental pulp tissue, NO has been found to play multifaceted roles in regulating physiological activities, inflammation processes, and tissue repair events, such as cell proliferation, neuronal degeneration, angiogenesis, and odontoblastic differentiation. However, there is a deficiency of detailed discussion on the NO-mediated interactions between inflammation and reparative/regenerative responses in wounded dental pulp tissue, which is a central determinant of ultimate clinical outcomes. Thus, the purpose of this review is to outline the current molecular understanding on the roles of Janus-faced molecule NO in dental pulp physiology, inflammation, and reparative activities. Based on this knowledge, advanced physicochemical techniques designed to manipulate the therapeutic potential of NOS and NO production in endodontic regeneration procedures are further discussed. Impact statement The interaction between inflammation and reparative/regenerative responses is very important for regenerative endodontic procedures, which are biologically based approaches intended to replace damaged tissues. Inside dental pulp tissue, endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is generated mainly by immunocompetent cells and dental pulp cells and mediates not only inflammatory/immune activities but also signaling cascades that regulate tissue repair and reconstruction, indicating its involvement in both tissue destruction and regeneration. Thus, it is feasible that NO acts as one of the indicators and modulators in dental pulp repair or regeneration under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng An
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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Gaviño Orduña JF, García García M, Dominguez P, Caviedes Bucheli J, Martin Biedma B, Abella Sans F, Manzanares Céspedes MC. Successful pulp revascularization of an autotransplantated mature premolar with fragile fracture apicoectomy and plasma rich in growth factors: a 3-year follow-up. Int Endod J 2019; 53:421-433. [PMID: 31587320 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM This case report demonstrates a positive outcome of the adjuvant use of fragile fracture (FF), which is a technique used to harvest dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in a mandibular premolar (tooth 44) with a completely formed root that was transplanted into a surgically created socket and which maintained pulp vitality and function. SUMMARY After virtual surgical planning, a 3D tooth replica of tooth 44 was fabricated. A surgical socket was created in the position of tooth 14; then, tooth 44 was extracted and the root dentine was abraded using a turbine diamond bur 3 mm from the apex until a circular groove was prepared around the outer circumference of the root; and then, an FF was performed without damaging the pulp tissue. PRP was placed in the socket, after which the donor tooth was inserted in the recipient area. At 2 weeks post-treatment, orthodontic traction was applied. At 3-year follow-up, the tooth had adequate alignment and was asymptomatic. Response to pulp testing was positive, and the presence of pulp canal obliteration was observed as a sign of pulpal healing. KEY LEARNING POINTS Autotransplantation is a good alternative for replacing missing teeth, with repair of tissues and pulp revascularization. Revascularization of an autotransplanted mature tooth using the fragile fracture technique and PRP scaffold is a feasible option and might have positive effects on the long-term outcome of the procedure. Including completely formed teeth as donors in autotransplantation, maintaining vitality and their functions is an option that warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Gaviño Orduña
- Department of Odonto-Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M García García
- Department of Odonto-Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Dominguez
- Department of Odonto-Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Caviedes Bucheli
- Centro de Investigaciones Odontologicas (CIO) Pontificia, Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - B Martin Biedma
- Unit of Dental Pathology and Therapeutics II, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - F Abella Sans
- Department of Endodontics, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M C Manzanares Céspedes
- Department of Odonto-Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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43
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El Gezawi M, Wölfle UC, Haridy R, Fliefel R, Kaisarly D. Remineralization, Regeneration, and Repair of Natural Tooth Structure: Influences on the Future of Restorative Dentistry Practice. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4899-4919. [PMID: 33455239 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the principal strategy for the treatment of carious defects involves cavity preparations followed by the restoration of natural tooth structure with a synthetic material of inferior biomechanical and esthetic qualities and with questionable long-term clinical reliability of the interfacial bonds. Consequently, prevention and minimally invasive dentistry are considered basic approaches for the preservation of sound tooth structure. Moreover, conventional periodontal therapies do not always ensure predictable outcomes or completely restore the integrity of the periodontal ligament complex that has been lost due to periodontitis. Much effort and comprehensive research have been undertaken to mimic the natural development and biomineralization of teeth to regenerate and repair natural hard dental tissues and restore the integrity of the periodontium. Regeneration of the dentin-pulp tissue has faced several challenges, starting with the basic concerns of clinical applicability. Recent technologies and multidisciplinary approaches in tissue engineering and nanotechnology, as well as the use of modern strategies for stem cell recruitment, synthesis of effective biodegradable scaffolds, molecular signaling, gene therapy, and 3D bioprinting, have resulted in impressive outcomes that may revolutionize the practice of restorative dentistry. This Review covers the current approaches and technologies for remineralization, regeneration, and repair of natural tooth structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moataz El Gezawi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia
| | - Uta Christine Wölfle
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Rasha Haridy
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11553, Egypt
| | - Riham Fliefel
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Dalia Kaisarly
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.,Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11553, Egypt
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Gomez‐Sosa JF, Caviedes‐Bucheli J, Diaz‐Barrera LE, Munoz HR. Gene expression of growth factors with angiogenic potential in human dental pulp tissue from teeth with complete and incomplete root development. Int Endod J 2019; 52:1716-1722. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.13188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. F. Gomez‐Sosa
- Postgraduate Department of Endodontics Universidad Central de Venezuela Caracas Venezuela
| | - J. Caviedes‐Bucheli
- Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogotá Colombia
| | | | - H. R. Munoz
- Postgraduate Endodontic Department Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala Guatemala City Guatemala
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The potential of three-dimensional printing technologies to unlock the development of new ‘bio-inspired’ dental materials: an overview and research roadmap. J Prosthodont Res 2019; 63:131-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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46
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Kim Y, Park JS, Park HJ, Kim MK, Kim YI, Bae SK, Kim HJ, Jeong CH, Bae MK. Pentraxin 3 Modulates the Inflammatory Response in Human Dental Pulp Cells. J Endod 2019; 44:1826-1831. [PMID: 30477668 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) has been suggested as a novel inflammatory biomarker in inflammation-associated diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the role of PTX3 in the inflammatory response of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). METHODS HDPCs were treated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and total RNA and protein were extracted. PTX3 messenger RNA and protein expression levels were analyzed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. For PTX3 knockdown, HDPCs were transfected with a small interfering RNA against human PTX3. Macrophage chemotaxis after PTX3 silencing in HDPCs was assessed by transwell migration assays. RESULTS TNF-α increased PTX3 messenger RNA and protein levels in HDPCs. TNF-α-induced PTX3 expression was mediated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and nuclear factor kappa B. PTX3 knockdown decreased the expression levels of interleukin 6, interleukin 8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 after stimulation with TNF-α in HDPCs. Moreover, PTX3 silencing in HDPCs significantly decreased the chemotactic migration of macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate PTX3 plays a critical role in the regulation of pulp inflammatory processes and reveal its underlying molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Jin-Sung Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Park
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Yong-Il Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Soo-Kyung Bae
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Hyung Joon Kim
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Moon-Kyoung Bae
- Department of Oral Physiology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.
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Clinical Potential and Current Progress of Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Various Systemic Diseases in Regenerative Medicine: A Concise Review. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051132. [PMID: 30845639 PMCID: PMC6429131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that have multipotent differentiation and a self-renewal ability. They have been useful not only for dental diseases, but also for systemic diseases. Extensive studies have suggested that DPSCs are effective for various diseases, such as spinal cord injuries, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia, myocardial infarction, muscular dystrophy, diabetes, liver diseases, eye diseases, immune diseases, and oral diseases. DPSCs have the potential for use in a cell-therapeutic paradigm shift to treat these diseases. It has also been reported that DPSCs have higher regenerative potential than the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells known as representative MSCs. Therefore, DPSCs have recently gathered much attention. In this review, the therapeutic potential of DPSCs, the latest progress in the pre-clinical study for treatment of these various systemic diseases, and the clinical applications of DPSCs in regenerative medicine, are all summarized. Although challenges, including mechanisms of the effects and establishment of cell processing and transplantation methods for clinical use, still remain, DPSCs could be promising stem cells sources for various clinical applications, because of their easy isolation by a noninvasive procedure without ethical concerns.
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Zimta AA, Baru O, Badea M, Buduru SD, Berindan-Neagoe I. The Role of Angiogenesis and Pro-Angiogenic Exosomes in Regenerative Dentistry. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020406. [PMID: 30669338 PMCID: PMC6359271 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental surgeries can result in traumatic wounds that provoke major discomfort and have a high risk of infection. In recent years, density research has taken a keen interest in finding answers to this problem by looking at the latest results made in regenerative medicine and adapting them to the specificities of oral tissue. One of the undertaken directions is the study of angiogenesis as an integrative part of oral tissue regeneration. The stimulation of this process is intended to enhance the local availability of stem cells, oxygen levels, nutrient supply, and evacuation of toxic waste. For a successful stimulation of local angiogenesis, two major cellular components must be considered: the stem cells and the vascular endothelial cells. The exosomes are extracellular vesicles, which mediate the communication between two cell types. In regenerative dentistry, the analysis of exosome miRNA content taps into the extended communication between these cell types with the purpose of improving the regenerative potential of oral tissue. This review analyzes the stem cells available for the dentistry, the molecular cargo of their exosomes, and the possible implications these may have for a future therapeutic induction of angiogenesis in the oral wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina-Andreea Zimta
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Oana Baru
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Mandra Badea
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Smaranda Dana Buduru
- Prosthetics and Dental materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Stomestet Stomatology Clinic, Calea Manastur 68A Street, 400658 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- MEDFUTURE-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta", Republicii 34th street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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Jin R, Song G, Chai J, Gou X, Yuan G, Chen Z. Effects of concentrated growth factor on proliferation, migration, and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells in vitro. J Tissue Eng 2018; 9:2041731418817505. [PMID: 30622693 PMCID: PMC6304703 DOI: 10.1177/2041731418817505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Concentrated growth factor, a novel autologous plasma extract, contained various growth factors which promoted tissue regeneration. In this study, we aimed to investigate the biological effects of concentrated growth factor on human dental pulp stem cells. The microstructure and biocompatibility of concentrated growth factor scaffolds were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Cell proliferation and migration, odontoblastic and endothelial cell differentiation potential were assessed after exposing dental pulp stem cells to different concentrations (5%, 10%, 20%, 50%, or 80%) of concentrated growth factor extracts. The results revealed that concentrated growth factor scaffolds possessed porous fibrin network with platelets and leukocytes, and showed great biocompatibility with dental pulp stem cells. Higher cell proliferation rates were detected in the concentrated growth factor–treated groups in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, in comparison to the controls, the low doses (<50%) of concentrated growth factor increased cell migration, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralized tissue deposition, while the cells treated in high doses (50% or 80%) showed no significant difference. After stimulating cell differentiation, the expression levels of dentin matrix protein-1, dentin sialophosphoprotein, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 and cluster of differentiation 31 were significantly upregulated in concentrated growth factor–supplemented groups than those of the controls. Furthermore, the dental pulp stem cell–derived endothelial cells co-induced by 5% concentrated growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor formed the most amount of mature tube-like structures on Matrigel among all groups, but the high-dosage concentrated growth factor exhibited no or inhibitory effect on cell differentiation. In general, our findings confirmed that concentrated growth factor promoted cell proliferation, migration, and the dental pulp stem cell–mediated dentinogenesis and angiogenesis process, by which it might act as a growth factor–loaded scaffold to facilitate dentin–pulp complex healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runze Jin
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangtai Song
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihua Chai
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohui Gou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohua Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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50
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Fernandes HR, Gaddam A, Rebelo A, Brazete D, Stan GE, Ferreira JMF. Bioactive Glasses and Glass-Ceramics for Healthcare Applications in Bone Regeneration and Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E2530. [PMID: 30545136 PMCID: PMC6316906 DOI: 10.3390/ma11122530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of bioactive glasses (BGs) in the late 1960s by Larry Hench et al. was driven by the need for implant materials with an ability to bond to living tissues, which were intended to replace inert metal and plastic implants that were not well tolerated by the body. Among a number of tested compositions, the one that later became designated by the well-known trademark of 45S5 Bioglass® excelled in its ability to bond to bone and soft tissues. Bonding to living tissues was mediated through the formation of an interfacial bone-like hydroxyapatite layer when the bioglass was put in contact with biological fluids in vivo. This feature represented a remarkable milestone, and has inspired many other investigations aiming at further exploring the in vitro and in vivo performances of this and other related BG compositions. This paradigmatic example of a target-oriented research is certainly one of the most valuable contributions that one can learn from Larry Hench. Such a goal-oriented approach needs to be continuously stimulated, aiming at finding out better performing materials to overcome the limitations of the existing ones, including the 45S5 Bioglass®. Its well-known that its main limitations include: (i) the high pH environment that is created by its high sodium content could turn it cytotoxic; (ii) and the poor sintering ability makes the fabrication of porous three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds difficult. All of these relevant features strongly depend on a number of interrelated factors that need to be well compromised. The selected chemical composition strongly determines the glass structure, the biocompatibility, the degradation rate, and the ease of processing (scaffolds fabrication and sintering). This manuscript presents a first general appraisal of the scientific output in the interrelated areas of bioactive glasses and glass-ceramics, scaffolds, implant coatings, and tissue engineering. Then, it gives an overview of the critical issues that need to be considered when developing bioactive glasses for healthcare applications. The aim is to provide knowledge-based tools towards guiding young researchers in the design of new bioactive glass compositions, taking into account the desired functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo R Fernandes
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Anuraag Gaddam
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Avito Rebelo
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Daniela Brazete
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - George E Stan
- National Institute of Materials Physics, RO-077125 Magurele, Romania.
| | - José M F Ferreira
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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