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Ding Z, Wang A, Liu Y, Zhu S, Jiang L, Chen X. Physiological occlusal force attenuates replacement root resorption of replanted teeth: an experimental animal study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:658. [PMID: 38840089 PMCID: PMC11151643 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04394-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tooth avulsion represents the most severe form of dental trauma, necessitating tooth replantation as the primary treatment. However, the risk of replacement root resorption (RRR) poses a significant threat to tooth retention following replantation. This study preliminarily aimed to investigate the effect of physiological occlusal force on RRR after the replantation of avulsed teeth and to explore the potential underlying mechanisms. METHODS Thirty-six 4-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent extraction and immediate replantation of their left maxillary molars. The rats were randomly divided into two major groups: the occluded (n = 18) group, where the opposite mandibular teeth were preserved; non-occluded (n = 18) group, where the opposite mandibular teeth were extracted. Within each major group, there were three subgroups corresponding to 7 days, 14 days, and 2 months, resulting in a total of six subgroups, (n = 6 per subgroup). The right maxillary first molars served as the normal control. Various periodontal characteristics were assessed using haematoxylin-eosin (H&E), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). RESULTS Histological staining revealed that under occlusal force, the early stage (day 7) after tooth replantation mainly manifested as root surface resorption, especially in the non-occluded group, which gradually diminished over time. Cementum and periodontal ligament (PDL) repair was observed on day 14. Micro-CT analysis indicated a significant decrease in PDL width in the non-occluded group two months after replantation, consistent with the histological findings, signifying severe RRR in the non-occluded group. CONCLUSIONS This study provides preliminary evidence that physiological occlusal force may attenuate osteoclastogenesis during the early stage of tooth replantation, thereby reducing the occurrence of RRR and promoting periodontal healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Ding
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Shu Zhu
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Liming Jiang
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, China.
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Johnson RM, Tewari N, Kumar V, Rahul M, Mathur VP, Bhawal UK. Inflammatory mediators for predicting the risk of trauma‐induced root resorption: A systematic review. Dent Traumatol 2022; 39:264-275. [PMID: 36458683 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM External inflammatory root resorption (EIRR) and external replacement root resorption (ERRR) are the most common adverse outcomes after luxation injuries or dental injuries. They are usually detected radiographically after considerable progression. It can be envisaged that evaluation of inflammatory mediators might serve as an objective and reliable method of predicting the risk of resorption. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the evidence regarding the risk of resorption and to provide future research directions. METHODS An a priori protocol was prepared by a multidisciplinary expert group, as per the Cochrane handbook and PRISMA guidelines. The systematic search was conducted in six databases and grey-literature sources. Scrutiny of titles and abstracts, and later full-text articles was performed, and data were extracted. Risk of bias analysis was done by using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist for analytical cross-sectional and cohort studies. RESULTS Eight studies were included in the systematic review and could be categorized as per the source of biomarkers, namely epithelial cells from mucosa, gingival crevicular fluid and extracted teeth. The studies utilizing epithelial cells had been conducted between 2015 and 2018 in Brazil and did not find any correlation with EIRR. Two of the studies with extracted teeth found differences in the immunologic profiles of teeth with resorption. Three studies evaluating gingival crevicular fluid found increased levels of dentine sialoprotein and Interleukin-1-α. CONCLUSION Among the three sources, the inflammatory gingival crevicular fluid appeared to be the most non-invasive source of biomarkers for predicting trauma-induced root resorption, although the evidence about this came from two studies with moderate and one study with high risk of bias. The primary studies in this systematic review showed variability in terms of the sample sizes, age of the patients, the grading/classification of trauma-induced resorption and the evaluation methods which must be addressed by future researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Marie Johnson
- Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Nitesh Tewari
- Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Morankar Rahul
- Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Vijay Prakash Mathur
- Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - Ujjal Kumar Bhawal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Chiba Japan
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Heboyan A, Avetisyan A, Karobari MI, Marya A, Khurshid Z, Rokaya D, Zafar MS, Fernandes GVDO. Tooth root resorption: A review. Sci Prog 2022; 105:368504221109217. [PMID: 35759366 PMCID: PMC10358711 DOI: 10.1177/00368504221109217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Tooth root resorption is multifactorial, leading to progressive destruction and eventual loss of tooth root dentin and cement. There are internal and external types of root resorption, each having its variety. The etiology and pathogenesis of tooth root resorption are poorly understood, and the most significant etiological factors are trauma, pulpal infection, tooth bleaching, and orthodontic treatment. Tooth root resorption is primarily asymptomatic; thus, it is revealed accidentally by radiographic examination. Progressive clinical manifestations are pain, tooth discoloration, tooth mobility, and other conditions. Awareness of the causes and risk factors allowing tooth root resorption, and regular radiographic examination, in case of necessity, make it possible to reveal resorption at an early stage and to prevent its further development. Thus, the aim of this study is to present etiopathogenesis, a clinical course, and diagnostic peculiarities of internal and external types of tooth root resorption, enabling practicing dentists to timely diagnose root resorption and take appropriate measures to avoid further complications. Within the limitation of this review, even though the etiopathogenesis of tooth root resorption is yet not fully understood, it is suggested that the etiological factors fall into two groups (endogenic and exogenic) to enhance further understanding of the possible causes and mechanisms of root resorption and allow practitioners to monitor high-risk patients and make timely diagnoses. Moreover, radiographic examination and CBCT are indispensable for the diagnosis of root resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artak Heboyan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Anna Avetisyan
- Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Faculty of Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
- Department of Conservative & Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research (CFTR), Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anand Marya
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dinesh Rokaya
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Walailak University International College of Dentistry, Walailak University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Lima TCDS, Amaro RG, Dos Santos LCM, Coste SC, Silva EFE, Barbato-Ferreira DA, Colosimo EA, Silva TAD, Bastos JV. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 in replanted teeth with external root resorption: A cross-sectional study. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 129:105194. [PMID: 34147732 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in replanted permanent teeth with external root resorption (ERR). DESIGN The present cross-sectional study included 42 patients with replanted permanent teeth, presenting with progressive forms of ERR, and referred for extraction according to the rehabilitation treatment plan or due to root fractures. The control group consisted of 12 healthy premolars, from 5 patients with good periodontal health and no radiographic evidence of root resorption, referred for extraction for orthodontic reasons. Root fragments were processed soon after extraction, and the supernatant was collected to measure matrix metalloproteinase 2/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2/TIMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 9/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-9/TIMP-2) complexes through a double-ligand enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Case groups with external inflammatory root resorption (EIRR) or external replacement root resorption (ERRR) showed significantly higher levels of MMP-2/TIMP-2 and MMP-9/TIMP-2 complexes than the control group. Additionally, comparisons between the case groups demonstrated that the MMP-2/TIMP-2 complex also had significantly higher levels in the ERRR group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that MMP-2 and MMP-9 participate in the pathobiology of both types of ERR. In addition, the higher levels of MMP-2/TIMP-2 complex in the ERRR group support common modulation mechanisms with physiological bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago César da Silva Lima
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Roberta Gabriela Amaro
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Sylvia Cury Coste
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Fernandes E Silva
- Statistics Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Enrico Antônio Colosimo
- Statistics Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Tarcília Aparecida da Silva
- Department of Oral Pathology and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Vilela Bastos
- Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Jiang H, Kitaura H, Liu L, Mizoguchi I, Liu S. The miR-155-5p inhibits osteoclast differentiation through targeting CXCR2 in orthodontic root resorption. J Periodontal Res 2021; 56:761-773. [PMID: 33760254 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Root resorption is an unavoidable side effect of orthodontic tooth movement. The mechanism of root resorption is similar to bone resorption; the odontoclasts share similar characteristics with osteoclasts (OCs). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) such as miR-155-5p play an important role in OC differentiation, but the underlying molecular mechanism of miR-155-5p in this process is not fully understood. We found that the miR-155-5p seed sequences were complementary to a sequence conserved in the 3-untranslated region of CXCR2 mRNA. In this study, we explored the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of miR-155-5p on OC differentiation by targeting CXCR2. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we divided the orthodontic patients into mild, moderate, and severe groups according to the severity of root resorption. The gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients in different groups was collected, and the expression levels of dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) were detected by ELISA, and the expression levels of CXCR2 and miR-155-5p in GCF were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). The relationship between miR-155-5p and CXCR2 was verified by double luciferase. We analyzed changes of CXCR2 and miR-155-5p expression after transfection of miR-155-5p mimic and inhibitor into RAW264.7 cells induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) through qRT-PCR and western blotting. The effect of miR-155-5p on OC differentiation was evaluated by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. QRT-PCR and western blotting were used to analyze expression of the osteoclastic bone resorption-related enzymes carbonic anhydrase 2 (CA II), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and cathepsin K. To further confirm the direct targeting effect of CXCR2 by miR-155-5p, we blocked CXCR2 using si-CXCR2 in RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells. RESULTS Dentin phosphoprotein levels were consistent with the trend of miR-155-5p changes, and the trend of CXCR2 expression was opposite to miR-155-5p changes. miR-155-5p can be directly targeted to act on CXCR2. The expression of miR-155-5p was significantly downregulated in differentiated OCs. MiR-155-5p inhibited OC differentiation, and downregulated CA II, MMP-9, and cathepsin K expression at the protein and mRNA levels. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the results of this study suggested that miR-155-5p inhibited OC differentiation by targeting CXCR2, thus reducing root resorption in orthodontics. MiR-155-5p can be used as an effective target for avoiding or reducing the degree of root resorption in orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Dalian, China.,Faculty of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideki Kitaura
- Faculty of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Itaru Mizoguchi
- Faculty of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shiying Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Dalian, China
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Barbato-Ferreira DA, Costa SFDS, Gomez RS, Bastos JV. DNA Methylation patterns of immune response-related genes in inflammatory external root resorption. Braz Oral Res 2020; 34:e087. [PMID: 32785479 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory external root resorption (IERR) is a pathological process defined by the progressive loss of dental hard tissue, dentin, and cementum, resulting from the combination of the loss of external root protective apparatus and root canal infection. It has been suggested that healing patterns after tooth replantation may be influenced by the genetic and immunological profiles of the patients. The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate the DNA methylation patterns of 22 immune response-related genes in extracted human teeth presenting with IERR. Methylation assays were performed on samples of root fragments showing IERR and compared with healthy bone tissue collected during the surgical extraction of impacted teeth. The methylation patterns were quantified using EpiTect Methyl II Signature Human Cytokine Production PCR Array. The results revealed significantly higher hypermethylation of the FOXP3 gene promoter in IERR (65.95%) than in the bone group (23.43%) (p < 0.001). The ELANE gene was also highly methylated in the pooled IERR sample, although the difference was not statistically significant (p= 0.054). Our study suggests that the differential methylation patterns of immune response-related genes, such as FOXP3 and ELANE, may be involved in IERR modulation, and this could be related to the presence of root canal infection. However, further studies are needed to corroborate these findings to determine the functional relevance of these alterations and their role in the pathogenesis of IERR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Ferreira Dos Santos Costa
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Santiago Gomez
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Juliana Vilela Bastos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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7
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Effect of interleukin-33 on cementoblast-mediated cementum repair during orthodontic tooth movement. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 112:104663. [PMID: 31986333 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to uncover the role of interleukin-33 on cementoblast-mediated cementum repair. METHODS 6-8-week-old C57BL/6 mice were used to establish the model of orthodontic tooth movement. Interleukin-33 and suppression of tumorigenicity2 (ST2) expressions were immunohistochemically detected in the periodontal tissue. In vitro, cementoblast-like (OCCM-30) cells were cultured in the presence of recombinant mouse interleukin-33 protein (rmIL-33) at a 1-14 d time frame. ST2 expressions were immunofluorescently labeled and quantitatively examined. The effects of interleukin-33 on cementoblast differentiation, mineralization and proliferation were examined by alkaline phosphatase, alizarin red staining and cell counting kit-8, respectively. To further clarify the effect of interleukin-33 on cementogenesis-related protein expressions, runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osterix, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein(BSP), osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of NF-КB ligand (RANKL) expressions were examined by western blot. RESULTS Orthodontic load of high magnitude induces external apical root resorption, and increases interleukin-33 expression in the periodontal tissue of mice. Cells in the cementum express ST2. Interleukin-33 initially down-regulates but later recovers ST2 mRNA and protein levels in OCCM-30 cells. Interleukin-33 abates cementoblast differentiation and mineralization, and suppresses RUNX2, osterix, BSP and osteopontin expressions in OCCM-30 cells at the later stage of the culture period. Interleukin-33 enhances RANKL expression, and reduces the ratio of OPG/RANKL in OCCM-30 cells. CONCLUSION Orthodontic load of high magnitude induces interleukin-33 expression in the periodontal tissue. Interleukin-33 has a negative effect on cementogenesis via suppressing cementoblast differentiation, mineralization and cementogenesis-related protein expressions.
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Machado NEDS, Banci HA, da Silva LD, Santinoni CDS, de Oliveira DL, Ervolino E, Prado RLD, Mori GG. Influence of anti-allergic drugs used systemically on the process of root resorption during delayed tooth replantation: A study in rats. Dent Traumatol 2019; 36:264-271. [PMID: 31845526 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Anti-allergic drugs can inhibit the hard tissue resorption process, and due to similarities between root resorption and bone mechanisms, it can be inferred that these drugs may also control root resorption. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of anti-allergic drugs used systemically on the process of root resorption following delayed tooth replantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two maxillary right incisors of rats were extracted and subsequently replanted. Rats were divided into four groups according to the anti-allergic drug administered: the rats in groups DEX, Q, and MO were treated systemically with dexamethasone phosphate, quercetin, and montelukast, respectively, and no systemic medication was administered to rats in group C. After 60 days, the animals were euthanized, and the specimens were processed for histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses. Statistical significance was set at P < .05. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of inflammatory resorption, replacement resorption, or presence of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. In terms of events occurring in the periodontal ligament space, there was a difference between groups Q and MO due to the presence of dental ankylosis and inflammatory connective tissue (P < .05). A difference in inflammatory cells was also observed through CD45 immunolabeling between the DEX and Q groups when compared to the C group (P < .05). CONCLUSION The systemic administration of anti-allergic drugs did not have an effect on the process of root resorption following delayed tooth replantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathália Evelyn da Silva Machado
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, University of Western São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, Brazil.,Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, UNESP - University Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Henrique Augusto Banci
- Department of Endodontics, Araçatuba Dental School, UNESP - University Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil.,Dental School of Presidente Prudente, University of Western São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Lucas Deszo da Silva
- Dental School of Presidente Prudente, University of Western São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Carolina Dos Santos Santinoni
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, University of Western São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, Brazil.,Dental School of Presidente Prudente, University of Western São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | | | - Edilson Ervolino
- Department of Basic Science, Araçatuba Dental School, UNESP - University Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Rosana Leal do Prado
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, University of Western São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, Brazil.,Dental School of Presidente Prudente, University of Western São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | - Graziela Garrido Mori
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, University of Western São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, Brazil.,Dental School of Presidente Prudente, University of Western São Paulo, Presidente Prudente, Brazil
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Matos FDS, do Prado RF, Khoury RD, de Oliveira LD, Valera MC, Tomson PL, Carvalho CAT. Anti-inflammatory and anti-resorptive efficacy of adrenergic blockers on late replanted rat incisors. Dent Traumatol 2019; 36:253-263. [PMID: 31647601 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM In addition to their anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoclastogenesis properties, adrenergic blockers may also have promising anti-resorptive effects that can prevent root resorption when teeth are replanted because of avulsion. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of phentolamine (Ph) and propranolol (Pr) in gels on the repair process of late replanted rat incisors. A further aim was to evaluate the biocompatibility of both drugs to human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLFs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight maxillary right incisors were extracted from male Wistar rats, stored in paper napkins for 60 minutes, and randomly allocated to one of eight groups (n = 6). The root canal, root surface, and alveolus were treated with 0.75 µg/mL Ph gel (Ph0.75), 10 µg/mL Ph gel (Ph10), 100 µg/mL Ph gel (Ph100), 2.5 µg/mL Pr gel (Pr2.5), 10 µg/mL Pr gel (Pr10), 100 µg/mL Pr gel (Pr100), or sodium carboxymethylcellulose gel (CMC) before replantation. In the control group (CH), only the root canal was treated with calcium hydroxide paste. Thirty days following surgery, the animals were euthanized, and the right hemimaxilla was removed to perform micro-CT and histomorphometric analysis to determine osteoclastic activity. Ethanolic solutions of Ph10 and Pr10 were selected based on the in vivo study, and the viability of HPDLFs stimulated with lipopolysaccharide was determined by MTT assays. RESULTS The micro-CT and histomorphometric analysis revealed no significant differences among the treatments (P > .05). The presence of active osteoclasts was significantly decreased in the Ph10 and Pr10 groups (P < .05). Ph10 and Pr10 produced statistically similar cell survival rates compared to the control group (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Ph10 and Pr10 significantly decreased osteoclastogenesis in delayed replanted rat teeth and were not cytotoxic toward HPDLFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe de Souza Matos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Division, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Renata Falchete do Prado
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Division, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Rayana Duarte Khoury
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Division, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Luciane Dias de Oliveira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Marcia Carneiro Valera
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Division, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Phillip Leo Tomson
- Department of Oral Biology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The University of Birmingham School of Dentistry, Birmingham, UK
| | - Cláudio Antonio Talge Carvalho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Division, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, Brazil
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to review literature data on incidence and outcomes of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in pediatric population. A systematic search was conducted using Elibray, Pubmed/Medline, Scopus databases in October 2018. Reference lists were also hand-searched to identify additional literature. The most prevalent complication of TDI is pulp necrosis (PN) which triggers inflammatory root resorption (IRR). PN and IRR are however much more specific for mature permanent teeth. In immature teeth pulp revascularization may occur even after avulsion. Pulpectomy timing is well defined for mature teeth only. It is accepted that pulp extirpation should be performed in the first 10 days after trauma. In immature teeth no criteria exist with pulp electrosensitivity having very low negative prognostic value as drop of pulp sensitivity because of trauma not necessary indicate PN. Follow-up protocol for immature teeth with various TDI would be useful for proper timing of pulpectomy and prevention of IRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Korolenkova
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - M S Rakhmanova
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
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11
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Yuan XJ, Wang YY, Shi BQ, Zhao YM. Effect of propolis on preserving human periodontal ligament cells and regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. Dent Traumatol 2018; 34:245-253. [PMID: 29806101 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Propolis has been suggested as a storage medium for avulsed teeth. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Brazilian propolis with Hank's balanced salt solution and milk in maintaining the viability of human periodontal ligament cells, their osteogenic differentiation potential, and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cell Counting Kit 8 assays were performed to test human periodontal ligament cell viability in different storage media. The preservative effect on osteogenic differentiation was evaluated using alkaline phosphatase staining and activity assays, Alizarin Red S staining, and western blotting. Quantification of pro-inflammatory cytokines was performed using real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS Brazilian propolis at 10 μg/ml was not cytotoxic toward human periodontal ligament cells. The milk group showed the highest cell viability. Brazilian propolis and Hank's balanced salt solution groups showed similar cell viabilities. Alkaline phosphatase staining and activity were similar in all groups. Calcium deposition and mineralization nodule formation were similar in the Brazilian propolis and Hank's balanced salt solution groups, but were higher in the milk group. Osteogenic marker gene and protein levels were similar in all groups. The genes and protein expression levels of IL1β, IL6, and IL8 decreased significantly after treatment with Brazilian propolis. TNFα mRNA expression showed no significant difference among the experimental groups. Pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the milk group were higher than in the Brazilian propolis and Hank's balanced salt solution groups. CONCLUSIONS Brazilian propolis, Hank's balanced salt solution, and milk maintained the viability of human periodontal ligament cells and preserved their osteogenic differentiation ability similarly. However, Brazilian propolis showed a better anti-inflammatory effect. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Yuan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Y Wang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - B Q Shi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Y M Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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