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Sun Y, Zhang Y, Ma N, Cai S. Rhus chinensis Mill. fruits alleviate liver injury induced by isoniazid and rifampicin through regulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and bile acid transport. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 310:116387. [PMID: 36948265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rhus chinensis Mill. is a species of the genus Rhus belonging to the family Anacardiaceae. Its fruits used to treat/prevent liver related diseases (e.g., jaundice and hepatitis) in folk medicine. Otherwise, the effects and underlying mechanisms of the fruits on the prevention of isoniazid and rifampicin-caused liver injury have not been investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY To study the preventive effects and mechanisms of the Rhus chinensis Mill. fruits on isoniazid and rifampicin-caused liver injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS This experiment was based on rifampicin (75 mg/kg/day) and isoniazid (75 mg/kg/day)-induced liver damage model to explain the pharmacological effects of Rhus chinensis Mill. fruits. The prevention of the extract from Rhus chinensis Mill. fruits on isoniazid and rifampicin-caused liver injury were evaluated using biochemical parameters, histopathological analysis, and immunofluorescence technique. Apart from that, the potential molecular mechanisms were elucidated by analyzing the expression of such crucial proteins participated in oxidative stress, apoptosis, and bile acid transport. RESULTS The extract from Rhus chinensis Mill. fruits significantly reduced the levels of ALT, AST, TBIL, ALP and MDA. Besides, the extract, especially 800 mg/kg b.w., was remarkably decreased the content of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1β, restored the levels of GSH and SOD. The results of Western blot also presented that the extract could activate the Nrf2 protein pathway and inhibit the expression of CYP2E1 to reduce oxidative stress. Meanwhile, the extract significantly up-regulated the expressions of BSEP and Mrp2 to regulate the transport of bile acid, and alleviated the cellular apoptosis via adjusting the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins. CONCLUSIONS Rhus chinensis Mill. fruits can prevent the liver injury induced by isoniazid and rifampicin in mice through adjusting the expressions of multiple proteins in oxidative stress, apoptosis, and bile acid transport pathways. This paper may provide scientific basis for the fruits as a Chinese medicine to prevent/cure liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Sun
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanyue Zhang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nan Ma
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shengbao Cai
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650500, People's Republic of China.
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Gong JY, Ren H, Chen HQ, Xing K, Xiao CL, Luo JQ. Magnesium Isoglycyrrhizinate Attenuates Anti-Tuberculosis Drug-Induced Liver Injury by Enhancing Intestinal Barrier Function and Inhibiting the LPS/TLRs/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091130. [PMID: 36145350 PMCID: PMC9505492 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver injury caused by first-line anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) drugs accounts for a high proportion of drug-induced liver injury (DILI), and gut microbiota and intestinal barrier integrity have been shown to be involved in the development of DILI. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG) is the fourth-generation glycyrrhizic acid preparation, which is well documented to be effective against anti-TB DILI, but the underlying mechanism is largely unclear. In the present study, we established a BALB/c mice animal model of the HRZE regimen (39 mg/kg isoniazid (H), 77 mg/kg rifampicin (R), 195 mg/kg pyrazinamide (Z), and 156 mg/kg ethambutol (E))-induced liver injury to investigate the protective effect of MgIG against anti-TB DILI and underlying mechanisms. The results demonstrated that intraperitoneal injection of MgIG (40 mg/kg) significantly ameliorated HRZE-induced liver injury by reducing alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and improved liver pathological changes. Species composition analysis of gut microbiota showed that Lactobacillus was the only probiotic that was down-regulated by HRZE and recovered by MgIG. In addition, MgIG attenuated HRZE-induced intestinal pathology, significantly decreased HRZE-induced intestinal permeability by increasing the protein expression of tight junction protein 1 (ZO-1) and occludin, decreased HRZE-induced high lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, and further markedly attenuated mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, TLR2, TLR4, and NF-κB. Supplementation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus JYLR-005 (>109 CFU/day/mouse) alleviated HRZE-induced liver injury and inflammation in mice. In summary, MgIG effectively ameliorated HRZE-induced liver injury by restoring the abundance of Lactobacillus, enhancing intestinal barrier function, and further inhibiting the activation of the LPS/TLRs/NF-κB signaling pathway. Regulating gut microbiota and promoting the integrity of intestinal barrier function may become a new direction for the prevention and treatment of anti-TB DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yu Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Huan Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Hui-Qing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Kai Xing
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Chen-Lin Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Jian-Quan Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0731-85292074
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Farshori NN. Hepatoprotective effect of Trigonella foenum graecum against ethanol-induced cell death in human liver cells (HepG2 and Huh7). Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:2765-2776. [PMID: 35064405 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-07088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plant Trigonella foenum graecum, also known as fenugreek, has been shown to have anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. In this study, the hepatoprotective effect of fenugreek seed extract (FSE) against ethanol-induced cell death was investigated in human liver cells (HepG2 and Huh7). METHODS AND RESULTS The cytotoxic effect of FSE and ethanol on cells was evaluated by exposing the cells at different concentrations. Following that, the cells were pre-incubated with 5-25 μg/ml FSE, followed by a cytotoxic concentration (0.5 mM) of ethanol. MTT and neutral red uptake assays were performed in treated cells to assess the ability of FSE to protect cells from the cytotoxic effects of ethanol. When compared to controls, ethanol treatment significantly reduced the viability of HepG2 and Huh7 cells and altered the cell morphology, whereas treatment with FSE significantly increased cell viability and reversed ethanol-induced morphological changes. Furthermore, pretreatment with FSE dose-dependently reduced lactate dehydrogenate (LDH) leakage, lipid peroxidation (LPO) level, and catalase activities while increasing glutathione (GSH) level induced by ethanol. Pretreatment with FSE also reduced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), caspase enzyme activities, and protein expression of caspase-3 and -9. In HepG2 cells, ethanol-induced apoptosis was observed, whereas FSE treatment reduced apoptosis by downregulating the expression of pro-apoptotic marker genes and upregulating the antiapoptotic gene. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study reports on the mechanistic details of the hepatoprotective potential of FSE. The results also suggest that fenugreek seeds may be useful in preventing liver diseases caused by toxicants such as ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Nayyar Farshori
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh, 11495, Saudi Arabia.
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Cheng X, Zhu JL, Li Y, Luo WW, Xiang HR, Zhang QZ, Peng WX. Serum biomarkers of isoniazid-induced liver injury: Aminotransferases are insufficient, and OPN, L-FABP and HMGB1 can be promising novel biomarkers. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 42:516-528. [PMID: 34494278 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Isoniazid (INH)-induced liver injury is a great challenge for tuberculosis treatment. Existing biomarkers cannot accurately determine the occurrence of this injury in the early stage. Therefore, developing early specific sensitive biomarkers of INH-induced liver injury is urgent. A rat model of liver injury was established with gastric infusion of INH or INH plus rifampicin (RFP). We examined seven potential novel serum biomarkers, namely, glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), liver-fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP), high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (MCSF1R), osteopontin (OPN), total cytokeratin 18 (K18), and caspase-cleaved cytokeratin-18 (ccK18), to evaluate their sensitivity and specificity on INH-induced liver injury. With the increase of drug dosage, combining with RFP and prolonging duration of administration, the liver injury was aggravated, showing as decreased weight of the rats, upgraded liver index and oxidative stress level, and histopathological changes of liver becoming marked. But the activity of serum aminotransferases decreased significantly. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve of OPN, L-FABP, HMGB1, MCSF1R, and GLDH was 0.88, 0.87, 0.85, 0.71, and 0.70 (≥0.7), respectively, and 95% confidence interval of them did not include 0.5, with statistical significance, indicating their potential abilities to become biomarkers of INH-induced liver injury. In conclusion, we found traditional biomarkers ALT and AST were insufficient to discover the INH-induced liver injury accurately and OPN, L-FABP, and HMGB1 can be promising novel biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia-Lian Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-Wen Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huai-Rong Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-Xing Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
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The potential effect of phytochemicals and herbal plant remedies for treating drug-induced hepatotoxicity: a review. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4767-4788. [PMID: 34075538 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06444-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury significantly caused by synthetic drugs, and other xenobiotics contribute to clinical hepatic dysfunction, which has been a substantial challenge for both patients and physicians. Traditional medicines used as an alternative therapy because of their pharmacological benefits, less or no side effects, and enormous availability in nature. Phytochemicals are essential ingredients of plants that reduce necrotic cell death, restore the antioxidant defence mechanism, limit oxidative stress, and prevent the inflammation of tissue and dysfunction of the mitochondria. In this review, we principally focused on the potential effect of the herbal plants and their phytochemicals in treating drug-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Hepatoprotective Bile Acid Co-Drug of Isoniazid: Synthesis, Kinetics and Investigation of Antimycobacterial Potential. Pharm Chem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-020-02256-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Zhou J, Sun X, Yang L, Wang L, Ran G, Wang J, Cao Q, Wu L, Bryant A, Ling C, Pi L. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α negatively regulates connective tissue growth factor during liver regeneration. FASEB J 2020; 34:4970-4983. [PMID: 32057145 PMCID: PMC7722640 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902382r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Liver regeneration after injury requires fine-tune regulation of connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf). It also involves dynamic expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor (Hnf)4α, Yes-associated protein (Yap), and transforming growth factor (Tgf)-β. The upstream inducers of Ctgf, such as Yap, etc, are well-known. However, the negative regulator of Ctgf remains unclear. Here, we investigated the Hnf4α regulation of Ctgf post-various types of liver injury. Both wild-type animals and animals contained siRNA-mediated Hnf4α knockdown and Cre-mediated Ctgf conditional deletion were used. We observed that Ctgf induction was associated with Hnf4α decline, nuclear Yap accumulation, and Tgf-β upregulation during early stage of liver regeneration. The Ctgf promoter contained an Hnf4α binding sequence that overlapped with the cis-regulatory element for Yap and Tgf-β. Ctgf loss attenuated inflammation, hepatocyte proliferation, and collagen synthesis, whereas Hnf4α knockdown enhanced Ctgf induction and liver fibrogenesis. These findings provided a new mechanism about fine-tuned regulation of Ctgf through Hnf4α antagonism of Yap and Tgf-β activities to balance regenerative and fibrotic signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Zhou
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
- Institute of Cardiovascular DiseaseKey Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan ProvinceUniversity of South ChinaHengyangChina
| | - Xiaowei Sun
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
- Institute of PathologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina
| | - Lu Yang
- Integrative Genomics CoreBeckman Research Institute of the City of HopeDuarteCAUSA
| | - Liqun Wang
- Department of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Gai Ran
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Integrative Genomics CoreBeckman Research Institute of the City of HopeDuarteCAUSA
| | - Qi Cao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear MedicineUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Lizi Wu
- Department of Microbiology& Molecular GeneticsCollege of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Andrew Bryant
- Department of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
| | - Chen Ling
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringSchool of Life SciencesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Liya Pi
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
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Zhang Y, Zhang W, Tao L, Zhai J, Gao H, Song Y, Qu X. Quercetin protected against isoniazide‐induced HepG2 cell apoptosis by activating the SIRT1/ERK pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22369. [PMID: 31332904 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yueming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacythe First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacythe First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Lina Tao
- Department of Pharmacythe First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Jinghui Zhai
- Department of Pharmacythe First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Huan Gao
- Department of Pharmacythe First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Yanqing Song
- Department of Pharmacythe First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Xiaoyu Qu
- Department of Pharmacythe First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China
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