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Chen AMH, Blakely ML, Daugherty KK, Kiersma ME, Meny LM, Pereira R. Meaningful Connections: Exploring the Relationship Between Empathy and Professional Identity Formation. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION 2024; 88:100725. [PMID: 38810953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2024.100725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the literature on the connections between empathy and professional identity formation (PIF) in pharmacy and other health professions education. A PRISMA-Scoping Review methodology was used for this study. Searches were conducted in PubMed and CINAHL from 2010 to January 12, 2023, with English added as a limiter. Articles had to address empathy and PIF, whether implicitly or explicitly. "Theory talk" was modified and utilized with 6 levels of connectedness to assess article quality. FINDINGS A total of 419 articles were reviewed for inclusion into the study with a total of 45 articles being included. Seventeen (37.8 %) and 12 articles (26.7 %) included a definition for empathy and PIF, respectively. Thirty-eight articles (84.4 %) implicitly discussed a connection between PIF and empathy. Educational initiatives that fostered connections between empathy and PIF focused on classroom activities, clinical rotation activities, and assessments. Key elements to enhance empathy and PIF development across articles focused on mentorship, role models, and reflective practice, alongside intentional curricular integration. Similarly, barriers to empathy and PIF are multifaceted. SUMMARY Despite educational initiatives in the literature that attempt to foster connections between empathy and PIF in classroom activities, clinical rotation activities, and assessments, most connections are implicit, as opposed to explicit. This may be due to the multiple barriers, such as the hidden curriculum, which make the connection between empathy and PIF difficult. This area needs further research and development given the importance of empathy in all health care provider interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mary E Kiersma
- Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lisa M Meny
- Ferris State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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Petersen HS, Rothmann MJ, Jensen HI. Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists' Experiences of Nursing in Anesthesia Care: An Interview Study. J Perianesth Nurs 2024:S1089-9472(24)00042-X. [PMID: 38904601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2024.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to understand certified registered nurse anesthetists' (CRNAs) experiences of nursing in anesthesia care. DESIGN An explorative qualitative study was conducted with inspiration from Ricoeur's hermeneutic phenomenological theory of interpretation. METHODS Three focus group interviews were carried out with participants representing 5 anesthesiology departments from 3 hospitals in Denmark (a total of 14 participants). The participants were all CRNAs. The transcribed interviews were examined as one coherent text using a Ricoeur-inspired approach, in which the analysis was conducted on three levels: naive reading, structural analysis, and critical interpretation. FINDINGS The structural analysis identified three themes relevant to the CRNAs' experiences of nursing: (1) the relationship with the patient, in which caring and professionalism are equally important; (2) differences between professions when sitting in the operating room; and (3) conflicts between production and caring. The study showed that CRNAs are aware of their professional identities as nurses and view anesthesia nursing as an integration of technical tasks and caring, in which the relationship with the patient and serving as the patient's representative are central. A major aspect of nursing is performed while the patient is anesthetized, and the CRNA attends to the patient's basic needs. The study also found that CRNAs find it difficult to define nursing in anesthesia care because of the overlapping tasks and skills between CRNAs and anesthesiologists. CONCLUSIONS CRNAs are very aware of their professional identities as nurses. The professionalism involved in their relationships with patients is evident in the CRNAs' representation of the patients themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Simone Petersen
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Kolding Hospital, A Part of Lillebaelt Hospital, Denmark.
| | - Mette Juel Rothmann
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Centre for Innovative Medical Technology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hanne Irene Jensen
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Kolding Hospital, A Part of Lillebaelt Hospital, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Cornett M, Palermo C, Ash S. Professional identity research in the health professions-a scoping review. ADVANCES IN HEALTH SCIENCES EDUCATION : THEORY AND PRACTICE 2023; 28:589-642. [PMID: 36350489 PMCID: PMC10169899 DOI: 10.1007/s10459-022-10171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Professional identity impacts the workforce at personal, interpersonal and profession levels however there is a lack of reviews of professional identity research across practising health professionals. To summarise professional identity research in the health professions literature and explore how professional identity is described a scoping review was conducted by searching Medline, Psycinfo, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, and Business Source Complete using "professional identity" and related terms for 32 health professions. Empirical studies of professional identity in post-registration health professionals were examined with health profession, career stage, background to research, theoretical underpinnings and constructs of professional identity being extracted, charted and analysed using content analysis where relevant. From 9941 studies, 160 studies across 17 health professions were identified, with nursing and medicine most common. Twenty studies focussed on professional identity in the five years post-entry to the workforce and 56 studies did not state career stage. The most common background for the research was the impact of political, social and healthcare reforms and advances. Thirty five percent of studies (n = 57) stated the use of a theory or framework of identity, the most common being classified as social theories. Individual constructs of professional identity across the research were categorised into five themes-The Lived Experience of Professional Identity; The World Around Me; Belonging; Me; and Learning and Qualifications. Descriptions of professional identity are broad, varied, rich and multi-layered however the literature is under theorised with current theories potentially inadequate to capture its complexity and make meaningful contributions to the allied health professions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Cornett
- Monash Centre for Scholarship in Health Education, Monash University, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Claire Palermo
- Monash Centre for Scholarship in Health Education, Monash University, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Susan Ash
- Monash Centre for Scholarship in Health Education, Monash University, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Australia
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Khalafi A, Sarvi Sarmeydani N, Adarvishi S. Workplace health in anesthesia team: A qualitative study in Iran. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1141447. [PMID: 36935702 PMCID: PMC10020197 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1141447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background All anesthesia providers, including nurse anesthetists and anesthesiologists work in a stressful environment with diverse tasks. The profession is characterized by high workload, both dependent and independent job descriptions, and unpredictable conditions. This study was designed and conducted to explain the factors affecting the workplace health of Iranian anesthesia teams. Methods Twenty anesthesia team members including nurse anesthetists and anesthesiologists from 7 different hospitals were enrolled in this phenomenological research. The data were collected in 2022. Semi-structured interviews were used for data collection, and the transcripts were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Findings The most notable theme emerging from the data which was found to affect workplace health was consistency of anesthesia team. Other themes derived from the data included team tranquility and physical well-being. Conclusion The participants' emphasis was more on behavioral and managerial factors affecting workplace health, and desirable interpersonal cooperation to create a suitable work environment for them was more prominent. These findings can raise the awareness of chief nurse anesthetists and planners to provide more effective teamwork, modify the job description structure, and reduce staff conflicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khalafi
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nooshin Sarvi Sarmeydani
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Nooshin Sarvi Sarmeydani
| | - Sara Adarvishi
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Jeon Y, Ritmala-Castrén M, Meretoja R, Vahlberg T, Leino-Kilpi H. Anaesthesia nursing competence: Self-assessment of nursing students. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2020; 94:104575. [PMID: 32942247 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of competence assessment in anaesthesia nursing education has increased since nurse educators and anaesthesia care employers have identified the gap between nursing education and nursing practice. In order to ensure nursing students' preparedness for entry into anaesthesia nursing practice, it is necessary to measure whether nursing students have achieved the required competence to practice as anaesthesia care providers. OBJECTIVES To assess the anaesthesia nursing competence of nursing students and to describe factors related to their anaesthesia nursing competence. This study will provide new knowledge to support the curricula of nursing education and new nurses' practice in anaesthesia care. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey design. METHODS Data from a sample of Finnish nursing students (n = 205) were collected by using an on-line/paper and pencil survey (the Anaesthesia Nursing Competence Scale, 7 categories) in 2017. The assessment was based on self-assessment and used a Visual Analogue Scale (0-100). Descriptive statistics, a Pearson correlation coefficient, independent sample t-tests and a multivariable regression were used to analyse the data. RESULTS The self-assessed overall competence of graduating nursing students was 59 (range 43-73). Approximately half of the students reached an acceptable level (60≤) and half did not. The highest self-assessed category was collaboration within patient care, and the lowest was knowledge of anaesthesia patient care. The number of credits, anaesthesia courses, and experience of clinical practice in anaesthesia nursing were significantly related to anaesthesia nursing competence. CONCLUSIONS Competence development in the knowledge of anaesthesia patient care should be considered in general nursing education. Student nurses' competence could be developed by providing more opportunities for theoretical studies and clinical practice in anaesthesia nursing. A specialised post-registration education in anaesthesia nursing might be one solution to overcome the limitations in the competence that general nursing education is not fully able to cover for anaesthesia nursing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsuk Jeon
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; Joint Authority Administration, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Marita Ritmala-Castrén
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; Joint Authority Administration, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Riitta Meretoja
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; Joint Authority Administration, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Tero Vahlberg
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.
| | - Helena Leino-Kilpi
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland; Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland.
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van Klei WA, Hollmann MW, Sneyd JR. The value of anaesthesiologists in the COVID-19 pandemic: a model for our future practice? Br J Anaesth 2020; 125:652-655. [PMID: 32896431 PMCID: PMC7440078 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Markus W Hollmann
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Robert Sneyd
- Peninsula Medical School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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Jeon Y, Meretoja R, Vahlberg T, Leino-Kilpi H. Developing and psychometric testing of the anaesthesia nursing competence scale. J Eval Clin Pract 2020; 26:866-878. [PMID: 31264335 DOI: 10.1111/jep.13215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE, AIMS, AND OBJECTIVES The competence of nurses in anaesthesia care is important for the quality of anaesthesia nursing care and patient safety. However, there is a lack of psychometrically tested instruments to measure the competence. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and test the psychometric properties of an anaesthesia nursing competence scale (AnestComp) assessing nurses' competence in anaesthesia care. METHOD The scale development and psychometric testing had three phases: (1) based on literature reviews and the description of experts, competence areas were identified and items were created; (2) the content validity of the scale was tested by a content expert group, and the scale was pilot tested; and (3) psychometric testing of scale was tested by anaesthesia nurses' (n = 222) and nursing students' (n = 205) self-assessments. The psychometric testing assessed the reliability when using Cronbach's α and the construct validity using factor analyses (confirmatory and exploratory) and known-group technique. Nursing students were included for the purpose of construct validity testing. RESULTS The AnestComp has 39 items and consists of seven competence areas: (a) ethics of anaesthesia care, (b) patient's risk care, (c) patient engagement with technology, (d) collaboration within patient care, (e) anaesthesia patient care with medication, (f) peri-anaesthesia nursing intervention, and (g) knowledge of anaesthesia patient care. Cronbach's α values were high in all categories (0.83-0.95), and factor analyses and known-group technique supported a seven-factor model. CONCLUSION The initial results supported the reliability and construct validity of the AnestComp. The scale is considered a promising instrument for measuring anaesthesia nursing competence among anaesthesia nurses. Further research with larger and more diverse samples is suggested to refine the current psychometric evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsuk Jeon
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Group Administration, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Meretoja
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Group Administration, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tero Vahlberg
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Helena Leino-Kilpi
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Falk-Brynhildsen K, Jaensson M, Gillespie BM, Nilsson U. Swedish Operating Room Nurses and Nurse Anesthetists' Perceptions of Competence and Self-Efficacy. J Perianesth Nurs 2019; 34:842-850. [PMID: 30738727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare perceived competence and self-efficacy (SE) among Swedish operating room (OR) nurses and registered nurse anesthetists (RNAs), and to evaluate the relationship between SE and competence, gender, age, and years of experience. DESIGN Comparative cross-sectional survey. METHODS Two validated questionnaires, Perceived Perioperative Competence Scale-Revised and General Self-Efficacy Scale, were sent to members of the Swedish Association of Health Professionals (n = 2,902). FINDINGS The response rate was 39% (n = 1,033). OR nurses showed significantly higher scores on Perceived Perioperative Competence Scale-Revised subscale foundational knowledge and leadership as well as General Self-Efficacy Scale scores compared with RNAs. The RNA group showed significantly higher empathy scores compared with OR nurses. Among the OR nurses professional development made the strongest contribution to SE and proficiency among the RNAs. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that there are differences in perceived competence and SE between OR nurses and RNAs. Gender may be an independent factor affecting SE.
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Gillespie BM, Harbeck EB, Falk-Brynhildsen K, Nilsson U, Jaensson M. Perceptions of perioperative nursing competence: a cross-country comparison. BMC Nurs 2018; 17:12. [PMID: 29632435 PMCID: PMC5883597 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-018-0284-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Throughout many countries, professional bodies rely on yearly self-assessment of competence for ongoing registration; therefore, nursing competence is pivotal to safe clinical practice. Our aim was to describe and compare perioperative nurses’ perceptions of competence in four countries, while examining the effect of specialist education and years of experience in the operating room. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional surveys from four countries including; Australia, Canada, Scotland, and Sweden. The 40-item Perceived Perioperative Competence Scale-Revised (PPCS-R), was used with a total sample of 768 respondents. We used a factorial design to examine the influence of country, years of experience in the operating room and specialist education on nurses’ reported perceived perioperative competence. Results Regardless of country origin, nurses with specialist qualifications reported higher perceived perioperative competence when compared to nurses without specialist education. However, cross-country differences were dependent on nurses’ number of years of experience in the operating room. Nurses from Sweden with 6–10 years of experience in the operating room reported lower perceived perioperative competence when compared to Australian nurses. In comparing nurses with > 10 years of experience, Swedish nurses reported significantly lower perceived perioperative competence when compared to nurses from Australia, Canada and Scotland. Conclusion Researchers need to consider educational level and years of experience in the perioperative context when examining constructs such as competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigid M Gillespie
- 1School of Nursing & Midwifery, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD Australia.,2Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service, Gold Coast, QLD Australia.,3National Centre of Research Excellence in Nursing, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD Australia
| | - Emma B Harbeck
- 3National Centre of Research Excellence in Nursing, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD Australia.,4Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD Australia
| | - Karin Falk-Brynhildsen
- 5Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Ulrica Nilsson
- 5Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Maria Jaensson
- 5Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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