Incidence, Timing, and Factors Associated with Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in the Ambulatory Surgery Setting

Risk factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting following ambulatory surgery: A retrospective case-control study

Objective

To explore potential risk factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) following ambulatory surgery.

Method

Clinical data of 1670 cases receiving ambulatory surgery in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School from September 2017 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. They were categorized to PONV group and non-PONV group, and perioperative data in both groups were analyzed for assessing risk factors of PONV following ambulatory laparoscopy.

Results

There were 156/1,670 (9.3%) PONV cases, and the female and male incidence in recruited cases was 12.0% and 6.0%, respectively. Analyses on perioperative data of them identified that female gender [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.060, P < 0.001], operation time >1 h (aOR = 1.554, P = 0.011), postoperative pain at rest (aOR = 1.909, P = 0.013) and postoperative pain during activities (aOR = 3.512, P < 0.001) were independent risk factors of PONV following ambulatory surgery. Furthermore, postoperative pain at rest and during activities were linearly, positively correlated to the incidence of PONV.

Conclusion

Female gender, operation time >1 h and postoperative pain are closely related with the incidence of PONV following ambulatory surgery. Alleviating postoperative pain properly is one of the methods to reduce risk factors of PONV following ambulatory surgery.

Nausea and Vomiting After Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: Analysis of Predictive Factors

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors predictive of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

DESIGN

This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study.

METHODS

In total, 172 patients completed the study. "The Questionnaire Form," "Visual Analog Scale," "Nausea Scale," and "Anxiety Specific to Surgery Questionnaire" created by the researchers were used for data collection.

FINDINGS

At the second postoperative hour, 55.8% of the patients had nausea, 20.3% had vomiting and 75% had severe pain. The severity of nausea, vomiting, and pain decreased with time. Age, gender, smoking, motion sickness, postoperative pain, opioid use, preoperative fasting time, time of first postoperative fluid intake and preoperative anxiety score were found to be among the factors predictive of PONV (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS

High rates of postoperative nausea and vomiting were recorded.  The factors predictive of PONV can be evaluated in the preoperative period, and PONV can be controlled with early interventions and treatment of patients in the risk group.