1
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Ferranco A, Sun K, Udaipaul T, Kraatz H. Metal Coordination to Unsymmetric 1,
n′
‐Disubstituted Ferrocene Histidine Peptides. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annaleizle Ferranco
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences University of Toronto 1265 Military Trail M1C 1A4 Toronto Canada
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Scarborough 80 St. George Street M5S 3H6 Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Keija Sun
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Scarborough 80 St. George Street M5S 3H6 Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Theodore Udaipaul
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Scarborough 80 St. George Street M5S 3H6 Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Heinz‐Bernhard Kraatz
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences University of Toronto 1265 Military Trail M1C 1A4 Toronto Canada
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Scarborough 80 St. George Street M5S 3H6 Toronto Ontario Canada
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2
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Ferranco A, Basak S, Lough A, Kraatz HB. Metal coordination of ferrocene–histidine conjugates. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:4844-4859. [PMID: 28349138 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00456g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis and complete structural characterization of ferrocene–histidine dipeptides including detailed analysis of the ligand–metal complexation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annaleizle Ferranco
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- M1C 1A4 Canada
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Shibaji Basak
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- M1C 1A4 Canada
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Alan Lough
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Heinz-Bernhard Kraatz
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- M1C 1A4 Canada
- Department of Chemistry
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3
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Nomoto A, Taniguchi T, Minatobe Y, Katao S, Kakiuchi K, Yano S, Ogawa A. Synthesis of a Novel Cysteine-Incorporated Anthraquinone Derivative and Its Structural Properties. Molecules 2015; 20:10192-204. [PMID: 26046319 PMCID: PMC6272162 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200610192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel cysteine-incorporated anthraquinone derivative was synthesized, and its molecular structure was determined by X-ray crystal analysis. Each mercapto group was located separately and did not form a disulfide bond, and hydrogen bondings and π-π interaction were observed from the packing structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Toshihide Taniguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
- Seika Corporation, 1-1-82 Kozaika, Wakayama 641-0007, Japan.
| | - Yuta Minatobe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Syouhei Katao
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
| | - Kiyomi Kakiuchi
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
| | - Shigenobu Yano
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
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4
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Han G, Ferranco A, Feng X, Chen Z, Kraatz H. Synthesis, Characterization of Some Ferrocenoyl Cysteine and Histidine Conjugates, and Their Interactions with Some Metal Ions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo‐Cheng Han
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China, http://rsc.guet.edu.cn/RSC/public/show.aspx?par2=0014&par=864
| | - Annaleizle Ferranco
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada, http://www.utsc.utoronto.ca/~bkraatz/
| | - Xiao‐Zhen Feng
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China, http://rsc.guet.edu.cn/RSC/public/show.aspx?par2=0014&par=864
| | - Zhencheng Chen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China, http://rsc.guet.edu.cn/RSC/public/show.aspx?par2=0014&par=864
| | - Heinz‐Bernhard Kraatz
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada, http://www.utsc.utoronto.ca/~bkraatz/
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5
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Faiella M, Roy A, Sommer D, Ghirlanda G. De novo design of functional proteins: Toward artificial hydrogenases. Biopolymers 2013; 100:558-71. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Faiella
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Arizona State University; Tempe AZ
| | - Anindya Roy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Arizona State University; Tempe AZ
| | - Dayn Sommer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Arizona State University; Tempe AZ
| | - Giovanna Ghirlanda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Arizona State University; Tempe AZ
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6
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Conjugates of ferrocene with biological compounds. Coordination to gold complexes and antitumoral properties. J Inorg Biochem 2011; 105:1373-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2011.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Hür D, Ekti Dal SF, Varol GA, Hür E. N-acylbenzotriazole mediated microwave assisted synthesis of protected and novel unprotected ferrocenoylamidoamino acids. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2011.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Beck W. Metal Complexes of Biologically Important Ligands, CLXXVI.[1] Formation of Peptides within the Coordination Sphere of Metal Ions and of Classical and Organometallic Complexes and Some Aspects of Prebiotic Chemistry. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201100137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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9
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Quintal S, Fedi S, Barbetti J, Pinto P, Félix V, Drew MG, Zanello P, Calhorda MJ. Synthesis and properties of new Mo(II) complexes with N-heterocyclic and ferrocenyl ligands. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Beheshti S, Lataifeh A, Kraatz HB. Hydrogen-bonding interactions in ferrocene-peptide conjugates containing valine. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Beeren SR, Sanders JKM. Discovery of linear receptors for multiple dihydrogen phosphate ions using dynamic combinatorial chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:3804-7. [PMID: 21361379 DOI: 10.1021/ja200130h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We describe the use of dynamic combinatorial chemistry to discover a new series of linear hydrazone-based receptors that bind multiple dihydrogen phosphate ions. Through the use of a template-driven, selection-based approach to receptor synthesis, dynamic combinatorial chemistry allows for the identification of unexpected host structures and binding motifs. Notably, we observed the unprecedented selection of these linear receptors in preference to competing macrocyclic hosts. Furthermore, linear receptors containing up to nine building blocks and three different building blocks were amplified in the dynamic combinatorial library. The receptors were formed using a dihydrazide building block based on an amino acid-disubstituted ferrocene scaffold. A detailed study of the linear pentamer revealed that it forms a helical ditopic receptor that employs four acylhydrazone hydrogen-bond donor motifs to cooperatively bind two dihydrogen phosphate ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie R Beeren
- University Chemical Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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12
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Scully CC, Lau YH, Jensen P, Rutledge PJ. Synthesis, electrochemistry and metal binding properties of monosubstituted ferrocenoyl peptides with thioether-containing sidechains. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Beeren SR, Sanders JKM. Ferrocene-amino acid macrocycles as hydrazone-based receptors for anions. Chem Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1sc00168j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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14
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Cheng LY, Long YT, Tian H, Kraatz HB. Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Investigations into the Interactions of Metal Ions with a Ferrocenoyl-Histidine Peptide Conjugate. Eur J Inorg Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201000658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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15
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Lapić J, Djaković S, Kodrin I, Mihalić Z, Cetina M, Rapić V. Preparation and Conformation Analysis ofN-(Ferrocenoyl)dipeptide Esters and Their 1′-Acetyl Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200901435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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16
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Quintal S, Concepción Gimeno M, Laguna A, Calhorda MJ. Silver(I) and copper(I) complexes with ferrocenyl ligands bearing imidazole or pyridyl substituents. J Organomet Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2009.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Peng Y, Liu YN, Zhou F. Voltammetric Studies of the Interactions Between Ferrocene-Labeled Glutathione and Proteins in Solution or Immobilized onto Surface. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200904601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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18
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de Hatten X, Bothe E, Merz K, Huc I, Metzler-Nolte N. A Ferrocene-Peptide Conjugate as a Hydrogenase Model System. Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200800566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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20
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Mercury binding by ferrocenoyl peptides with sulfur-containing side chains: Electrochemical, spectroscopic and structural studies. J Organomet Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2008.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Quintal S, Matos J, Fonseca I, Félix V, Drew MG, Trindade N, Meireles M, Calhorda MJ. Synthesis and properties of new trinuclear Mo(II) complexes containing imidazole and benzimidazole ferrocene units. Inorganica Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2007.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Prokopchuk DE, Orlowski GA, Kraatz HB. Synthesis of amino acid conjugates of 1,1′-dimethylferrocene: New chiral conjugates. Inorganica Chim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2007.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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de Hatten X, Cournia Z, Huc I, Smith JC, Metzler-Nolte N. Force-Field Development and Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Ferrocene–Peptide Conjugates as a Scaffold for Hydrogenase Mimics. Chemistry 2007; 13:8139-52. [PMID: 17763506 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The increasing importance of hydrogenase enzymes in the new energy research field has led us to examine the structure and dynamics of potential hydrogenase mimics, based on a ferrocene-peptide scaffold, using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. To enable this MD study, a molecular mechanics force field for ferrocene-bearing peptides was developed and implemented in the CHARMM simulation package, thus extending the usefulness of the package into peptide-bioorganometallic chemistry. Using the automated frequency-matching method (AFMM), optimized intramolecular force-field parameters were generated through quantum chemical reference normal modes. The partial charges for ferrocene were derived by fitting point charges to quantum-chemically computed electrostatic potentials. The force field was tested against experimental X-ray crystal structures of dipeptide derivatives of ferrocene-1,1'-dicarboxylic acid. The calculations reproduce accurately the molecular geometries, including the characteristic C2-symmetrical intramolecular hydrogen-bonding pattern, that were stable over 0.1 micros MD simulations. The crystal packing properties of ferrocene-1-(D)alanine-(D)proline-1'-(D)alanine-(D)proline were also accurately reproduced. The lattice parameters of this crystal were conserved during a 0.1 micros MD simulation and match the experimental values almost exactly. Simulations of the peptides in dichloromethane are also in good agreement with experimental NMR and circular dichroism (CD) data in solution. The developed force field was used to perform MD simulations on novel, as yet unsynthesized peptide fragments that surround the active site of [Ni-Fe] hydrogenase. The results of this simulation lead us to propose an improved design for synthetic peptide-based hydrogenase models. The presented MD simulation results of metallocenes thereby provide a convincing validation of our proposal to use ferrocene-peptides as minimal enzyme mimics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier de Hatten
- Department for Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bochum, Universitätstrasse 150, 44809 Bochum, Germany
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24
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Kuchta MC, Gross A, Pinto A, Metzler-Nolte N. Labeling of the Neuropeptide Enkephalin with Functionalized Tris(pyrazolyl)borate Complexes: Solid-Phase Synthesis and Characterization of p-[Enk-OH]COC6H4TpPtMe3 and p-[Enk-OH]COC6H4TpMeRe(CO)3. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:9400-4. [PMID: 17902654 DOI: 10.1021/ic701316n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bioconjugates of the neuropeptide Enkephalin (Enk = -Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-) labeled with organotransition metal tris-pyrazolylborate (Tp) complexes are reported. p-[Enk-OH]COC6H4TpPtMe3 and p-[Enk-OH]COC6H4Tp(Me)Re(CO)3 have been synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), purified by RP-HPLC, and characterized by ESI-mass spectrometry and 1H NMR and IR spectroscopies. p-[Enk-OH]COC6H4TpPtMe3 and p-[Enk-OH]COC6H4Tp(Me)Re(CO)3 constitute the first examples of Tp complexes employed in SPPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Kuchta
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, Bochum, Germany
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Lapić J, Siebler D, Heinze K, Rapić V. Conformational Analysis of Heteroannularly Substituted Ferrocene Oligoamides. Eur J Inorg Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200601230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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26
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Kuchta MC, Gemel C, Metzler-Nolte N. An amino acid bioconjugate of an organoplatinum tris(pyrazolyl)borate complex: Synthesis and structure of [p-(tBuO–Phe–CO)C6H4Tp]PtMe3. J Organomet Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Chantson JT, Verga Falzacappa MV, Crovella S, Metzler-Nolte N. Solid-Phase Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Activities of Metallocene–Peptide Bioconjugates. ChemMedChem 2006; 1:1268-74. [PMID: 17004283 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200600117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This work shows how the introduction of an organometallic group enhances and modifies the specificity of biologically active peptides. Ferrocene was chosen as an organometallic group because it has been shown to alter the pharmacodynamic profile of bioactive compounds. A comparison with the isosteric cobaltocenium group allows one to explore the influence of charge and redox potential on the biological activity of the conjugates. Arginine and tryptophan containing peptides H-WRWRWR-NH(2) and H-RWRWRW-NH(2) and the metallocene peptide bioconjugates [M]-C(O)-RWRWR-NH(2) and [M]-C(O)-WRWRW-NH(2), where [M]=[Co(Cp)(C(5)H(4))](+), [Fe(Cp)(C(5)H(4))] were prepared by solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). They were purified by HPLC, characterized by ESIMS and NMR spectroscopy, and tested for antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test. In most cases, no metal-specific activity could be observed. However, the conjugate [Fe(Cp)(C(5)H(4))-C(O)-WRWRW-NH(2)] 6 was found to be particularly effective against the Gram-positive S. aureus. The activity of this metallocene-pentapeptide conjugate (7.1 microM) was even better than the 20 amino acid naturally occurring pilosulin 2, which was used as a positive control. Unlike all other compounds tested, which were most active against the Gram-negative E. coli strain, the ferrocene conjugate 6 was the only compound in this series that was most active against Gram-positive bacteria. Given the health concerns resulting from multidrug resistant S. aureus strains, the incorporation of metallocenes may provide a novel line of attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine T Chantson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa.
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28
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Martinho PN, Quintal S, Costa PJ, Losi S, Félix V, Gimeno MC, Laguna A, Drew MGB, Zanello P, Calhorda MJ. New Polynuclear Mo–Fe Complexes with Ferrocenylamidobenzimidazole Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200600296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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29
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Kirin SI, Schatzschneider U, de Hatten X, Weyhermüller T, Metzler-Nolte N. 1,n′-Disubstituted ferrocenoyl amino acids and dipeptides: Conformational analysis by CD spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and DFT calculations. J Organomet Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2006.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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30
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Barisić L, Cakić M, Mahmoud KA, Liu YN, Kraatz HB, Pritzkow H, Kirin SI, Metzler-Nolte N, Rapić V. Helically Chiral Ferrocene Peptides Containing 1′-Aminoferrocene-1-Carboxylic Acid Subunits as Turn Inducers. Chemistry 2006; 12:4965-80. [PMID: 16721886 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We present a detailed structural study of peptide derivatives of 1'-aminoferrocene-1-carboxylic acid (ferrocene amino acid, Fca), one of the simplest organometallic amino acids. Fca was incorporated into di- to pentapeptides with D- and L-alanine residues attached to either the carboxy or amino group, or to both. Crystallographic and spectroscopic studies (circular dicroism (CD), IR, and NMR) of about two dozen compounds were used to gain a detailed insight into their structures in the solid state as well as in solution. Four derivatives were characterized by single-crystal X-ray analysis, namely Boc-Fca-Ala-OMe (16), Boc-Fca-D-Ala-OMe (17), Boc-Fca-beta-Ala-OMe (18), and Boc-Ala-Fca-Ala-Ala-OMe (21) (Boc=tert-butyloxycarbamyl). CD spectroscopy is an extremely useful tool to elucidate the helical chirality of the metallocene core. Unlike in all other known ferrocene peptides, the helical chirality of the ferrocene is governed solely by the chirality of the amino acid attached to the N terminus of Fca. Depending on the degree of substitution of both cyclopentadiene (Cp) rings, different hydrogen-bonding patterns are realized. (1)H NMR and IR spectroscopy, together with the results from X-ray crystallography, give detailed information regarding not only the hydrogen-bonding patterns of the compounds, but also the equilibria between different conformers in solution. Differences in chemical shifts of NH protons in dimethyl sulfoxide ([D(6)]DMSO) and CDCl(3), that is, the variation ratio (vr), is used for the first time as a measure of the hydrogen-bonding strength of individual COHN bonds in ferrocenoyl peptides. In dipeptides with one intramolecular hydrogen bond between the pendant chains, for example, in dipeptide 16, an equilibrium between hydrogen-bonded and open forms is observed, as testified by a vr value of around 0.5. Higher peptides, such as tetrapeptide 21, are able to form two intramolecular hydrogen bonds stabilizing one single conformation in CDCl(3) solution (vr approximately 0). Due to the low barrier of Cp-ring rotation, new and unnatural hydrogen-bonding patterns are emerging. The systematic work described herein lays a solid foundation for the rational design of metallocene peptides with unusual structures and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidija Barisić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Kirin SI, Kraatz HB, Metzler-Nolte N. Systematizing structural motifs and nomenclature in 1,n′-disubstituted ferrocene peptides. Chem Soc Rev 2006; 35:348-54. [PMID: 16565751 DOI: 10.1039/b511332f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ferrocene peptide conjugates display an array of structural features including helical ferrocene based chirality and a number of different intramolecular hydrogen bonding patterns. In this tutorial review we present a rigorous nomenclature for these systems, followed by a section that summarises and categorises the structures known to date. The issues discussed herein are of general relevance for all metallocene-based chiral transition metal catalysts and peptide turn mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srećko I Kirin
- Institut für Pharmazie und Molekulare Biotechnologie, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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32
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Chantson JT, Falzacappa MVV, Crovella S, Metzler-Nolte N. Antibacterial activities of ferrocenoyl- and cobaltocenium-peptide bioconjugates. J Organomet Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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33
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