1
|
Hanreich S, Bonandi E, Drienovská I. Design of Artificial Enzymes: Insights into Protein Scaffolds. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200566. [PMID: 36418221 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The design of artificial enzymes has emerged as a promising tool for the generation of potent biocatalysts able to promote new-to-nature reactions with improved catalytic performances, providing a powerful platform for wide-ranging applications and a better understanding of protein functions and structures. The selection of an appropriate protein scaffold plays a key role in the design process. This review aims to give a general overview of the most common protein scaffolds that can be exploited for the generation of artificial enzymes. Several examples are discussed and categorized according to the strategy used for the design of the artificial biocatalyst, namely the functionalization of natural enzymes, the creation of a new catalytic site in a protein scaffold bearing a wide hydrophobic pocket and de novo protein design. The review is concluded by a comparison of these different methods and by our perspective on the topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Hanreich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam (The, Netherlands
| | - Elisa Bonandi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam (The, Netherlands
| | - Ivana Drienovská
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam (The, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang Y, Xue P, Cao M, Yu T, Lane ST, Zhao H. Directed Evolution: Methodologies and Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:12384-12444. [PMID: 34297541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Directed evolution aims to expedite the natural evolution process of biological molecules and systems in a test tube through iterative rounds of gene diversifications and library screening/selection. It has become one of the most powerful and widespread tools for engineering improved or novel functions in proteins, metabolic pathways, and even whole genomes. This review describes the commonly used gene diversification strategies, screening/selection methods, and recently developed continuous evolution strategies for directed evolution. Moreover, we highlight some representative applications of directed evolution in engineering nucleic acids, proteins, pathways, genetic circuits, viruses, and whole cells. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future perspectives in directed evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Pu Xue
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Mingfeng Cao
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Tianhao Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Stephan T Lane
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Huimin Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mukherjee P, Maiti D. Evolution of strept(avidin)-based artificial metalloenzymes in organometallic catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14519-14540. [PMID: 33150893 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05450j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Artificial metalloenzymes have been recently established as efficient alternatives to traditional transition metal catalysts. The presence of a secondary coordination sphere in artificial metalloenzymes makes them advantageous over transition metal catalysts, which rely essentially on their first coordination sphere to exhibit their catalytic activity. Recent developments on streptavidin- and avidin-based artificial metalloenzymes have made them highly chemically and genetically evolved for selective organometallic transformations. In this review, we discuss the chemo-genetic optimization of streptavidin- and avidin-based artificial metalloenzymes for the enhancement of their catalytic activities towards a wide range of synthetic transformations. Considering the high impact in vivo applications of artificial metalloenzymes, their catalytic efficacies to promote abiological reactions in intracellular as well as periplasmic environment are also discussed. Overall, this review can provide an insight to readers regarding the design and systematic optimization of strept(avidin)-based artificial metalloenzymes for specific reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prasun Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Recent advances in the engineering and application of streptavidin-like molecules. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:7355-7365. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
5
|
Zamolo VA, Modugno G, Lubian E, Cazzolaro A, Mancin F, Giotta L, Mastrogiacomo D, Valli L, Saccani A, Krol S, Bonchio M, Carraro M. Selective Targeting of Proteins by Hybrid Polyoxometalates: Interaction Between a Bis-Biotinylated Hybrid Conjugate and Avidin. Front Chem 2018; 6:278. [PMID: 30050897 PMCID: PMC6050359 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Keggin-type polyoxometalate [γ-SiW10O36]8- was covalently modified to obtain a bis-biotinylated conjugate able to bind avidin. Spectroscopic studies such as UV-vis, fluorimetry, circular dichroism, coupled to surface plasmon resonance technique were used to highlight the unique interplay of supramolecular interactions between the homotetrameric protein and the bis-functionalized polyanion. In particular, the dual recognition mechanism of the avidin encompasses (i) a complementary electrostatic association between the anionic surface of the polyoxotungstate and each positively charged avidin subunit and (ii) specific host-guest interactions between each biotinylated arm and a corresponding pocket on the tetramer subunits. The assembly exhibits peroxidase-like reactivity and it was used in aqueous solution for L-methionine methyl ester oxidation by H2O2. The recognition phenomenon was then exploited for the preparation of layer-by-layer films, whose structural evolution was monitored in situ by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Finally, cell tracking studies were performed by exploiting the specific interactions with a labeled streptavidin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria A Zamolo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova and ITM-CNR, Padova, Italy
| | - Gloria Modugno
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova and ITM-CNR, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Lubian
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova and ITM-CNR, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cazzolaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova and ITM-CNR, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Mancin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova and ITM-CNR, Padova, Italy
| | - Livia Giotta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - DiSTeBA, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Disma Mastrogiacomo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - DiSTeBA, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Ludovico Valli
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies - DiSTeBA, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandra Saccani
- NanoMed Lab, Fondazione IRCCS Institute of Neurology "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy
| | - Silke Krol
- NanoMed Lab, Fondazione IRCCS Institute of Neurology "Carlo Besta," Milan, Italy.,Laboratory of Translational Nanotechnology, IRCCS Oncologic Institute "Giovanni Paolo II," Bari, Italy
| | - Marcella Bonchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova and ITM-CNR, Padova, Italy
| | - Mauro Carraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova and ITM-CNR, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schwizer F, Okamoto Y, Heinisch T, Gu Y, Pellizzoni MM, Lebrun V, Reuter R, Köhler V, Lewis JC, Ward TR. Artificial Metalloenzymes: Reaction Scope and Optimization Strategies. Chem Rev 2017; 118:142-231. [PMID: 28714313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 475] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of a synthetic, catalytically competent metallocofactor into a protein scaffold to generate an artificial metalloenzyme (ArM) has been explored since the late 1970's. Progress in the ensuing years was limited by the tools available for both organometallic synthesis and protein engineering. Advances in both of these areas, combined with increased appreciation of the potential benefits of combining attractive features of both homogeneous catalysis and enzymatic catalysis, led to a resurgence of interest in ArMs starting in the early 2000's. Perhaps the most intriguing of potential ArM properties is their ability to endow homogeneous catalysts with a genetic memory. Indeed, incorporating a homogeneous catalyst into a genetically encoded scaffold offers the opportunity to improve ArM performance by directed evolution. This capability could, in turn, lead to improvements in ArM efficiency similar to those obtained for natural enzymes, providing systems suitable for practical applications and greater insight into the role of second coordination sphere interactions in organometallic catalysis. Since its renaissance in the early 2000's, different aspects of artificial metalloenzymes have been extensively reviewed and highlighted. Our intent is to provide a comprehensive overview of all work in the field up to December 2016, organized according to reaction class. Because of the wide range of non-natural reactions catalyzed by ArMs, this was done using a functional-group transformation classification. The review begins with a summary of the proteins and the anchoring strategies used to date for the creation of ArMs, followed by a historical perspective. Then follows a summary of the reactions catalyzed by ArMs and a concluding critical outlook. This analysis allows for comparison of similar reactions catalyzed by ArMs constructed using different metallocofactor anchoring strategies, cofactors, protein scaffolds, and mutagenesis strategies. These data will be used to construct a searchable Web site on ArMs that will be updated regularly by the authors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Schwizer
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yasunori Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tillmann Heinisch
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yifan Gu
- Searle Chemistry Laboratory, University of Chicago , 5735 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michela M Pellizzoni
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Lebrun
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Reuter
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Valentin Köhler
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jared C Lewis
- Searle Chemistry Laboratory, University of Chicago , 5735 S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Thomas R Ward
- Department of Chemistry, Spitalstrasse 51, University of Basel , CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nastri F, Chino M, Maglio O, Bhagi-Damodaran A, Lu Y, Lombardi A. Design and engineering of artificial oxygen-activating metalloenzymes. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:5020-54. [PMID: 27341693 PMCID: PMC5021598 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00923e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many efforts are being made in the design and engineering of metalloenzymes with catalytic properties fulfilling the needs of practical applications. Progress in this field has recently been accelerated by advances in computational, molecular and structural biology. This review article focuses on the recent examples of oxygen-activating metalloenzymes, developed through the strategies of de novo design, miniaturization processes and protein redesign. Considerable progress in these diverse design approaches has produced many metal-containing biocatalysts able to adopt the functions of native enzymes or even novel functions beyond those found in Nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Nastri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Chino
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Ornella Maglio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
- IBB, CNR, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Ambika Bhagi-Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, A322 CLSL, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, A322 CLSL, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Heinisch T, Ward TR. Artificial Metalloenzymes Based on the Biotin-Streptavidin Technology: Challenges and Opportunities. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:1711-21. [PMID: 27529561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The biotin-streptavidin technology offers an attractive means to engineer artificial metalloenzymes (ArMs). Initiated over 50 years ago by Bayer and Wilchek, the biotin-(strept)avidin techonology relies on the exquisite supramolecular affinity of either avidin or streptavidin for biotin. This versatile tool, commonly referred to as "molecular velcro", allows nearly irreversible anchoring of biotinylated probes within a (strept)avidin host protein. Building upon a visionary publication by Whitesides from 1978, several groups have been exploiting this technology to create artificial metalloenzymes. For this purpose, a biotinylated organometallic catalyst is introduced within (strept)avidin to afford a hybrid catalyst that combines features reminiscent of both enzymes and organometallic catalysts. Importantly, ArMs can be optimized by chemogenetic means. Combining a small collection of biotinylated organometallic catalysts with streptavidin mutants allows generation of significant diversity, thus allowing optimization of the catalytic performance of ArMs. Pursuing this strategy, the following reactions have been implemented: hydrogenation, alcohol oxidation, sulfoxidation, dihydroxylation, allylic alkylation, transfer hydrogenation, Suzuki cross-coupling, C-H activation, and metathesis. In this Account, we summarize our efforts in the latter four reactions. X-ray analysis of various ArMs based on the biotin-streptavidin technology reveals the versatility and commensurability of the biotin-binding vestibule to accommodate and interact with transition states of the scrutinized organometallic transformations. In particular, streptavidin residues at positions 112 and 121 recurrently lie in close proximity to the biotinylated metal cofactor. This observation led us to develop a streamlined 24-well plate streptavidin production and screening platform to optimize the performance of ArMs. To date, most of the efforts in the field of ArMs have focused on the use of purified protein samples. This seriously limits the throughput of the optimization process. With the ultimate goal of complementing natural enzymes in the context of synthetic and chemical biology, we outline the milestones required to ultimately implement ArMs within a cellular environment. Indeed, we believe that ArMs may allow signficant expansion of the natural enzymes' toolbox to access new-to-nature reactivities in vivo. With this ambitious goal in mind, we report on our efforts to (i) activate the biotinylated catalyst precursor upon incorporation within streptavidin, (ii) minimize the effect of the cellular environment on the ArM's performance, and (iii) demonstrate the compatibility of ArMs with natural enzymes in cascade reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tillmann Heinisch
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 51, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas R. Ward
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 51, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Library design and screening protocol for artificial metalloenzymes based on the biotin-streptavidin technology. Nat Protoc 2016; 11:835-52. [DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2016.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
10
|
Doble MV, Ward AC, Deuss PJ, Jarvis AG, Kamer PC. Catalyst design in oxidation chemistry; from KMnO4 to artificial metalloenzymes. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:5657-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
11
|
Yu F, Cangelosi VM, Zastrow ML, Tegoni M, Plegaria JS, Tebo AG, Mocny CS, Ruckthong L, Qayyum H, Pecoraro VL. Protein design: toward functional metalloenzymes. Chem Rev 2014; 114:3495-578. [PMID: 24661096 PMCID: PMC4300145 DOI: 10.1021/cr400458x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangting Yu
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Alison G. Tebo
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | | | - Leela Ruckthong
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hira Qayyum
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Muñoz Robles V, Vidossich P, Lledós A, Ward TR, Maréchal JD. Computational Insights on an Artificial Imine Reductase Based on the Biotin–Streptavidin Technology. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs400921n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Muñoz Robles
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici
C.n., 08193 Cerdanyola
del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pietro Vidossich
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici
C.n., 08193 Cerdanyola
del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustí Lledós
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici
C.n., 08193 Cerdanyola
del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas R. Ward
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 51, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Didier Maréchal
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici
C.n., 08193 Cerdanyola
del Vallés, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Raynal M, Ballester P, Vidal-Ferran A, van Leeuwen PWNM. Supramolecular catalysis. Part 2: artificial enzyme mimics. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 43:1734-87. [PMID: 24365792 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60037h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 663] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The design of artificial catalysts able to compete with the catalytic proficiency of enzymes is an intense subject of research. Non-covalent interactions are thought to be involved in several properties of enzymatic catalysis, notably (i) the confinement of the substrates and the active site within a catalytic pocket, (ii) the creation of a hydrophobic pocket in water, (iii) self-replication properties and (iv) allosteric properties. The origins of the enhanced rates and high catalytic selectivities associated with these properties are still a matter of debate. Stabilisation of the transition state and favourable conformations of the active site and the product(s) are probably part of the answer. We present here artificial catalysts and biomacromolecule hybrid catalysts which constitute good models towards the development of truly competitive artificial enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Raynal
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Affiliation(s)
- Jared C. Lewis
- Searle
Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Creus M, Ward TR. Design and Evolution of Artificial Metalloenzymes: Biomimetic Aspects. PROGRESS IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118148235.ch4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
16
|
Deuss PJ, den Heeten R, Laan W, Kamer PCJ. Bioinspired Catalyst Design and Artificial Metalloenzymes. Chemistry 2011; 17:4680-98. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201003646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
17
|
Ward TR. Artificial metalloenzymes based on the biotin-avidin technology: enantioselective catalysis and beyond. Acc Chem Res 2011; 44:47-57. [PMID: 20949947 DOI: 10.1021/ar100099u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Artificial metalloenzymes are created by incorporating an organometallic catalyst within a host protein. The resulting hybrid can thus provide access to the best features of two distinct, and often complementary, systems: homogeneous and enzymatic catalysts. The coenzyme may be positioned with covalent, dative, or supramolecular anchoring strategies. Although initial reports date to the late 1970s, artificial metalloenzymes for enantioselective catalysis have gained significant momentum only in the past decade, with the aim of complementing homogeneous, enzymatic, heterogeneous, and organic catalysts. Inspired by a visionary report by Wilson and Whitesides in 1978, we have exploited the potential of biotin-avidin technology in creating artificial metalloenzymes. Owing to the remarkable affinity of biotin for either avidin or streptavidin, covalent linking of a biotin anchor to a catalyst precursor ensures that, upon stoichiometric addition of (strept)avidin, the metal moiety is quantitatively incorporated within the host protein. In this Account, we review our progress in preparing and optimizing these artificial metalloenzymes, beginning with catalytic hydrogenation as a model and expanding from there. These artificial metalloenzymes can be optimized by both chemical (variation of the biotin-spacer-ligand moiety) and genetic (mutation of avidin or streptavidin) means. Such chemogenetic optimization schemes were applied to various enantioselective transformations. The reactions implemented thus far include the following: (i) The rhodium-diphosphine catalyzed hydrogenation of N-protected dehydroaminoacids (ee up to 95%); (ii) the palladium-diphosphine catalyzed allylic alkylation of 1,3-diphenylallylacetate (ee up to 95%); (iii) the ruthenium pianostool-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of prochiral ketones (ee up to 97% for aryl-alkyl ketones and ee up to 90% for dialkyl ketones); (iv) the vanadyl-catalyzed oxidation of prochiral sulfides (ee up to 93%). A number of noteworthy features are reminiscent of homogeneous catalysis, including straightforward access to both enantiomers of the product, the broad substrate scope, organic solvent tolerance, and an accessible range of reactions that are typical of homogeneous catalysts. Enzyme-like features include access to genetic optimization, an aqueous medium as the preferred solvent, Michaelis-Menten behavior, and single-substrate derivatization. The X-ray characterization of artificial metalloenzymes provides fascinating insight into possible enantioselection mechanisms involving a well-defined second coordination sphere environment. Thus, such artificial metalloenzymes combine attractive features of both homogeneous and enzymatic kingdoms. In the spirit of surface borrowing, that is, modulating ligand affinity by harnessing existing protein surfaces, this strategy can be extended to selectively binding streptavidin-incorporated biotinylated ruthenium pianostool complexes to telomeric DNA. This application paves the way for chemical biology applications of artificial metalloenzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R. Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 51, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Orbegozo T, de Vries JG, Kroutil W. Biooxidation of Primary Alcohols to Aldehydes through Hydrogen Transfer Employing Janibacter terrae. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
19
|
|
20
|
Rutten L, Wieczorek B, Mannie JP, Kruithof C, Dijkstra H, Egmond M, Lutz M, Klein Gebbink R, Gros P, van Koten G. Solid-State Structural Characterization of Cutinase-ECE-Pincer-Metal Hybrids. Chemistry 2009; 15:4270-80. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200801995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
21
|
Incorporation of biotinylated manganese-salen complexes into streptavidin: New artificial metalloenzymes for enantioselective sulfoxidation. J Organomet Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2008.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
22
|
Biotinylation of aminopyridine-based macrocycles and metallomacrocycles and inclusion of biotinylated iron(II) complex in avidin. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-009-9531-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
23
|
|
24
|
Liu J, Wu X, Iggo JA, Xiao J. Half-sandwich iridium complexes—Synthesis and applications in catalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2008.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
25
|
Pordea A, Ward TR. Chemogenetic protein engineering: an efficient tool for the optimization of artificial metalloenzymes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:4239-49. [DOI: 10.1039/b806652c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
26
|
Burazerovic S, Gradinaru J, Pierron J, Ward TR. Hierarchical self-assembly of one-dimensional streptavidin bundles as a collagen mimetic for the biomineralization of calcite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:5510-4. [PMID: 17523206 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200701080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Burazerovic
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Av. Bellevaux 51, CP 158, 2009 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Burazerovic S, Gradinaru J, Pierron J, Ward T. Hierarchical Self-Assembly of One-Dimensional Streptavidin Bundles as a Collagen Mimetic for the Biomineralization of Calcite. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200701080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
28
|
Liu S, Xiao J. Toward green catalytic synthesis—Transition metal-catalyzed reactions in non-conventional media. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2007.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
29
|
Creus M, Ward TR. Designed evolution of artificial metalloenzymes: protein catalysts made to order. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:1835-44. [PMID: 17551630 DOI: 10.1039/b702068f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Artificial metalloenzymes based on biotin-streptavidin technology, a "fusion" of chemistry and biology, illustrate how asymmetric catalysts can be improved and evolved using chemogenetic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Creus
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, C.P. 158, Neuchâtel, CH-2009, Switzerland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of DNA and RNA structures is their elegant chirality. Using these chiral structures to induce enantioselectivity in chemical synthesis is as enticing as it is challenging. In recent years, three general approaches have been developed to achieve this, including chirality transfer by nucleotide templated synthesis, enantioselective catalysis by RNA/DNAzymes and DNA-based asymmetric catalysis. In this article the concepts behind these strategies as well as the important achievements in this field will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Roelfes
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|