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Scott J, Maenaga ML, Woodside AJ, Guo VW, Cheriel AR, Gau MR, Rablen PR, Graves CR. Reversible O-H Bond Activation by Tripodal tris(Nitroxide) Aluminum and Gallium Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:4028-4038. [PMID: 38386423 PMCID: PMC10915791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the preparation and characterization of the Group 13 metal complexes of a tripodal tris(nitroxide)-based ligand, designated (TriNOx3-)M (M = Al (1), Ga (2), In (3)). Complexes 1 and 2 both activate the O-H bond of a range of alcohols spanning a ∼10 pKa unit range via an element-ligand cooperative pathway to afford the zwitterionic complexes (HTriNOx2-)M-OR. Structures of these alcohol adduct products are discussed. We demonstrate that the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the reactions are both influenced by the identity of the metal, with 1 having higher reaction equilibrium constants and proceeding at a faster rate relative to 2 for any given alcohol. These parameters are also influenced by the pKa of the alcohol, with more acidic alcohols reacting both to more completion and faster than their less acidic counterparts. Possible mechanistic pathways for the O-H activation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph
S. Scott
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Swarthmore
College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081, United States
| | - Mika L. Maenaga
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Swarthmore
College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081, United States
| | - Audra J. Woodside
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Swarthmore
College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081, United States
| | - Vivian W. Guo
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Swarthmore
College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081, United States
| | - Alex R. Cheriel
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Swarthmore
College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081, United States
| | - Michael R. Gau
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Paul R. Rablen
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Swarthmore
College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081, United States
| | - Christopher R. Graves
- Department
of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Swarthmore
College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081, United States
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2
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Undirected C-H Bond Activation in Aluminium Hydrido Enaminonates. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052137. [PMID: 36903381 PMCID: PMC10004653 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Two new aluminium hydrido complexes were synthesized by reacting AlH3 with the enaminone ligand N-(4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-en-3-on)-6,6,6-trifluoroethylamine (HTFB-TFEA) in different molar ratios to obtain mono- and di-hydrido-aluminium enaminonates. Both air and moisture sensitive compounds could be purified via sublimation under reduced pressure. The spectroscopic analysis and structural motif of the monohydrido compound [H-Al(TFB-TBA)2] (3) showed a monomeric 5-coordinated Al(III) centre bearing two chelating enaminone units and a terminal hydride ligand. However, the dihydrido compound exhibited a rapid C-H bond activation and C-C bond formation in the resulting compound [(Al-TFB-TBA)-HCH2] (4a), which was confirmed by single crystal structural data. The intramolecular hydride shift involving the migration of a hydride ligand from aluminium centre to the alkenyl carbon of the enaminone ligand was probed and verified by multi-nuclear spectral studies (1H,1H NOESY, 13C, 19F, and 27Al NMR).
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3
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Recent Developments in the Syntheses of Aluminum Complexes Based on Redox-Active Ligands. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Roy MMD, Omaña AA, Wilson ASS, Hill MS, Aldridge S, Rivard E. Molecular Main Group Metal Hydrides. Chem Rev 2021; 121:12784-12965. [PMID: 34450005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This review serves to document advances in the synthesis, versatile bonding, and reactivity of molecular main group metal hydrides within Groups 1, 2, and 12-16. Particular attention will be given to the emerging use of said hydrides in the rapidly expanding field of Main Group element-mediated catalysis. While this review is comprehensive in nature, focus will be given to research appearing in the open literature since 2001.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M D Roy
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Alvaro A Omaña
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Andrew S S Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Avon BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Michael S Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Avon BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Rivard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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5
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Towards deeper understanding of multifaceted chemistry of magnesium alkylperoxides. Commun Chem 2021; 4:123. [PMID: 36697811 PMCID: PMC9814855 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-021-00560-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable progress in the multifaceted chemistry of non-redox-metal alkylperoxides, the knowledge about magnesium alkylperoxides is in its infancy and only started to gain momentum. Harnessing the well-defined dimeric magnesium tert-butylperoxide [(f5BDI)Mg(μ-η2:η1-OOtBu)]2 incorporating a fluorinated β-diketiminate ligand, herein, we demonstrate its transformation at ambient temperature to a spiro-type, tetranuclear magnesium alkylperoxide [(f5BDI)2Mg4(μ-OOtBu)6]. The latter compound was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and its molecular structure can formally be considered as a homoleptic magnesium tert-butylperoxide [Mg(µ-OOtBu)2]2 terminated by two monomeric magnesium tert-butylperoxides. The formation of the tetranuclear magnesium alkylperoxide not only contradicts the notion of the high instability of magnesium alkylperoxides, but also highlights that there is much to be clarified with respect to the solution behaviour of these species. Finally, we probed the reactivity of the dimeric alkylperoxide in model oxygen transfer reactions like the commonly invoked metathesis reaction with the parent alkylmagnesium and the catalytic epoxidation of trans-chalcone with tert-butylhydroperoxide as an oxidant. The results showed that the investigated system is among the most active known catalysts for the epoxidation of enones.
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6
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Jana B. Synthesis, characterization and crystal structure determination of aluminum hydride complexes of N, N′- Di(isopropyl)ethylenediamine ligand. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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7
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Structurally characterized new alkyl- and alkenyl-gallium peroxides having interesting structural motifs. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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9
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Sokolov VG, Koptseva TS, Moskalev MV, Baranov EV, Fedyushkin IL. Reactions of Acenaphthenediimine Aluminum Hydride with 1,3-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 2,6-Di-tert-Butyl-4-Methylphenol. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328419090070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Mondol R, Otten E. Aluminum Complexes with Redox-Active Formazanate Ligand: Synthesis, Characterization, and Reduction Chemistry. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:6344-6355. [PMID: 30978008 PMCID: PMC6506801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
synthesis of aluminum complexes with redox-active formazanate
ligands is described. Salt metathesis using AlCl3 was shown
to form a five-coordinate complex with two formazanate ligands, whereas
organometallic aluminum starting materials yield tetrahedral mono(formazanate)
aluminum compounds. The aluminum diphenyl derivative was successfully
converted to the iodide complex (formazanate)AlI2, and
a comparison of spectroscopic/structural data for these new complexes
is provided. Characterization by cyclic voltammetry is supplemented
by chemical reduction to demonstrate that ligand-based redox reactions
are accessible in these compounds. The possibility to obtain a formazanate
aluminum(I) carbenoid species by two-electron reduction was examined
by experimental and computational studies, which highlight the potential
impact of the nitrogen-rich formazanate ligand on the electronic structure
of compounds with this ligand. The synthesis of a series
of aluminum complexes with redox-active
formazanate ligands is described and crystallographic, spectroscopic,
and voltammetric characterization data are presented. The reduction
chemistry of these newly synthesized complexes has been explored and
the results are supported by a computational (DFT) study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranajit Mondol
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Otten
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
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11
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Sokolov VG, Koptseva TS, Dodonov VA, Rumyantsev RV, Fedushkin IL. Reactivity of an aluminum hydride complex with a redox-active diimine ligand. Russ Chem Bull 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-018-2349-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Di( tert -butyl)aluminum, -gallium and -indium β-diketonates and β-diketiminates, reactions with oxygen and formation of an unprecedented peroxo-rich hexaperoxotriindium compound. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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13
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Zhang N, Sherbo RS, Bindra GS, Zhu D, Budzelaar PHM. Rh and Ir β-Diiminate Complexes of Boranes, Silanes, Germanes, and Stannanes. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Rebecca S. Sherbo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Gurmeet Singh Bindra
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Di Zhu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
- State
Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peter H. M. Budzelaar
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Cintia,
Complesso di Monte S. Angelo, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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15
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16
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Camp C, Arnold J. On the non-innocence of “Nacnacs”: ligand-based reactivity in β-diketiminate supported coordination compounds. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:14462-98. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02013e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
While β-diketiminate (BDI or ‘nacnac’) ligands have been widely adopted to stabilize a wide range of metal ions in multiple oxidation states and coordination numbers, in several occurrences these ligands do not behave as spectators and participate in reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Camp
- Univ Lyon
- CNRS, ESCPE Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- C2P2 UMR 5265
- F-69616 Villeurbanne
| | - John Arnold
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Berkeley
- USA
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17
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Chu T, Korobkov I, Nikonov GI. Oxidative Addition of σ Bonds to an Al(I) Center. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9195-202. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5038337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Terry Chu
- Department
of Chemistry, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Avenue, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Ilia Korobkov
- X-Ray
Core Facility, Faculty of Science, University of Ottawa, 150 Louis
Pasteur, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Georgii I. Nikonov
- Department
of Chemistry, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Avenue, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
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18
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Martínez G, Cuenca T, Mosquera MEG. Effect of the Nitrogen Substituent on the Reactions of Alane towards Imino‐ and Aminophenols: Generation of a Dinuclear Aluminoxane. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gema Martínez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain, Fax: +34‐918854683
| | - Tomás Cuenca
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain, Fax: +34‐918854683
| | - Marta E. G. Mosquera
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain, Fax: +34‐918854683
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19
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Xie L, Hu H, Cui C. Cyclopropanation and Isomerization Reactions of β-Diketiminato Boron Complexes. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300337r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xie
- State Key
Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Hongfan Hu
- State Key
Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Chunming Cui
- State Key
Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s
Republic of China
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20
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Yang Y, Li H, Wang C, Roesky HW. Studies of the Ligand Effect on the Synthesis of Dialuminoxanes by Various β-Diketiminato Ligands. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:2204-11. [DOI: 10.1021/ic2021879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University,
410083 Changsha, P.R. China
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Haipu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University,
410083 Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Central South University,
410083 Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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21
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Simple Trivalent Organoaluminum Species: Perspectives on Structure, Bonding, and Reactivity. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2012_55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Uhl W, Reza Halvagar M, Claesener M. Reducing GaH and GaC Bonds in Close Proximity to Oxidizing Peroxo Groups: Conflicting Properties in Single Molecules. Chemistry 2009; 15:11298-306. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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23
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Uhl W, Jana B. Bridging and Terminal Arrangement of Alkylperoxo Groups in Organoindium Peroxides. Eur J Inorg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200900449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Uhl W, Halvagar MR, Layh M. A heterocyclic organogallium peroxide with two dialkylgallium groups bridged by a peroxide dianion. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:4269-71. [DOI: 10.1039/b906392g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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