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Shagufta, Ahmad I, Nelson DJ, Hussain MI, Nasar NA. Potential of covalently linked tamoxifen hybrids for cancer treatment: recent update. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1877-1898. [PMID: 38911170 PMCID: PMC11187546 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00632h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease and the second leading cause of death globally, and breast cancer is still a leading cause of cancer death in women. Tamoxifen is the most commonly used drug for breast cancer (ER-positive) treatment and chemoprevention, saving the lives of millions of patients every year. In addition, the tamoxifen template has been explored extensively for the development of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) applicable in breast cancer, osteoporosis, and postmenopausal symptom treatment. Numerous anticancer drugs, including tamoxifen, are in use, but the complexity and heterogeneous nature of cancer complicate the effect of conventional targeted drugs, leading to adverse reactions and resistance. One of the significant approaches to overcome these shortcomings is drug hybrids, generated by covalently linking two or more active pharmacophores. These drug hybrids are remarkably effective in acting on multiple drug targets with higher selectivity and specificity. In recent years, several tamoxifen hybrids have been discovered as potential candidates for cancer treatment. The review highlights the recent progress in developing anticancer hybrids, including organometallic, fluorescent, photocaged, and novel ligand-based tamoxifen hybrids. It also demonstrates the significance of merging various pharmacophores with tamoxifen to produce more potent, precise, and effective anticancer agents. The study offers valuable knowledge to researchers working on cancer research with the hope of enhancing drug potency and reducing drug toxicity to improve cancer patients' lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shagufta
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates
| | - Irshad Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates
| | - Donna J Nelson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma USA
| | - Maheen Imtiaz Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates
| | - Noora Ali Nasar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates
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2
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Replacing the Z-phenyl Ring in Tamoxifen ® with a para-Connected NCN Pincer-Pt-Cl Grouping by Post-Modification †. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071888. [PMID: 33810499 PMCID: PMC8038112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-modification of a series of NCN-pincer platinum(II) complexes [PtX(NCN-R-4)] (NCN = [C6H2(CH2NMe2)2-2,6]–, R = C(O)H, C(O)Me and C(O)Et), X = Cl– or Br–) at the para-position using the McMurry reaction was studied. The synthetic route towards two new [PtCl(NCN-R-4)] (R = C(O)Me and C(O)Et) complexes used above is likewise described. The utility and limitations of the McMurry reaction involving these pincer complexes was systematically evaluated. The predicted “homo-coupling” reaction of [PtBr(NCN-C(O)H-4)] led to the unexpected formation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetra[(dimethylamino)methyl]-4,4′-bis(platinum halide)-benzophenone (halide = Br or Cl), referred to hereafter as the bispincer-benzophenone complex 13. This material was further characterized using X-ray crystal structure determination. The applicability of the pincer complexes in the McMurry reaction is shown to open a route towards the synthesis of tamoxifen-type derivatives of which one phenyl ring of Tamoxifen® itself is replaced by an NCN arylplatinum pincer fragment. The newly synthesized derivatives can be used as potential candidates in anti-cancer drug screening protocols. Two NCN-arylpincer platinum tamoxifen type derivatives, 5 and 6, were successfully synthesized and of 5 the separation of the diastereomeric E-/Z-forms was achieved. Compound 6, which is the pivaloyl protected NCN pincer platinum hydroxy-Tamoxifen® derivative, was obtained as a mixture of E-/Z-isomers. The new derivatives were further analyzed and characterized with 1H-, 13C{1H}- and 195Pt{1H}-NMR, IR, exact mass MS and elemental analysis.
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3
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Vessières A, Wang Y, McGlinchey MJ, Jaouen G. Multifaceted chemical behaviour of metallocene (M = Fe, Os) quinone methides. Their contribution to biology. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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4
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Ferrocenyl Migrations and Molecular Rearrangements: The Significance of Electronic Charge Delocalization. INORGANICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics8120068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The enhanced stabilization of a carbocationic site adjacent to a ferrocenyl moiety was recognized within a few years of the discovery of sandwich compounds. While a detailed understanding of the phenomenon was the subject of some early debate, researchers soon took advantage of it to control the ease and direction of a wide range of molecular rearrangements. We, here, discuss the progress in this area from the pioneering studies of the 1960s, to more recent applications in chromatography and analytical detection techniques, and currently in the realm of bioactive organometallic complexes. Several classic reactions involving ferrocenyl migrations, such as the pinacol, Wolff, Beckmann, and Curtius, are discussed, as well as the influence of the ferrocenyl substituent on the mechanisms of the Nazarov, Meyer-Schuster, benzoin, and Stevens rearrangements. The preparation and isomerizations of ferrocenyl-stabilized vinyl cations and vinylcyclopropenes, together with the specific cyclization of acetylcyclopentadienyl-metal derivatives to form 1,3,5-substituted benzenes, demonstrate the versatility and generality of this approach.
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5
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Schwarze B, Jelača S, Welcke L, Maksimović‐Ivanić D, Mijatović S, Hey‐Hawkins E. 2,2'-Bipyridine-Modified Tamoxifen: A Versatile Vector for Molybdacarboranes. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:2075-2083. [PMID: 31677361 PMCID: PMC6972990 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Investigations on the antitumor activity of metallacarboranes are sparse in the literature and limited to a handful of ruthena- and molybdacarboranes. In this study, the molybdacarborane fragment [3-(CO)2 -closo-3,1,2-MoC2 B9 H11 ] was combined with a vector molecule, inspired by the well-known drug tamoxifen or 4,4'-dihydroxytamoxifen (TAM-diOH). The molybdacarborane derivative [3,3-{4-[1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)but-1-en-2-yl]-2,2'-bipyridine-κ2 N,N'}-3-(CO)2 -closo-3,1,2-MoC2 B9 H11 ] (10), as well as the ligand itself 4-[1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)but-1-en-2-yl]-2,2'-bipyridine (6) showed cytotoxic activities in the low micromolar range against breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-361 and MCF-7), human glioblastoma (LN-229) and human glioma (U-251) cell lines. In addition, compounds 6 and 10 were found to induce senescence and cytodestructive autophagy, lower ROS/RNS levels, but only the molybdacarborane 10 induced a strong increase of nitric oxide (NO) concentration in the MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Schwarze
- Leipzig UniversityFaculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJohannisallee 2904103LeipzigGermany
| | - Sanja Jelača
- University of BelgradeDepartment of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” – National Institute of Republic of SerbiaBul. Despota Stefana 14211060BelgradeSerbia
| | - Linda Welcke
- Leipzig UniversityFaculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJohannisallee 2904103LeipzigGermany
| | - Danijela Maksimović‐Ivanić
- University of BelgradeDepartment of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” – National Institute of Republic of SerbiaBul. Despota Stefana 14211060BelgradeSerbia
| | - Sanja Mijatović
- University of BelgradeDepartment of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” – National Institute of Republic of SerbiaBul. Despota Stefana 14211060BelgradeSerbia
| | - Evamarie Hey‐Hawkins
- Leipzig UniversityFaculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJohannisallee 2904103LeipzigGermany
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Shagufta, Ahmad I. Tamoxifen a pioneering drug: An update on the therapeutic potential of tamoxifen derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:515-531. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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7
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Moore A, Ostermann J, Ortin Y, McGlinchey MJ. Organometallic derivatives of natural products: dicobalt hexacarbonyl complexes of geranyl-alkynes. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00622a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Di- and tri-cobalt carbonyl clusters bearing geranyl or neryl substituents offer potential routes to novel terpenoid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Moore
- School of Chemistry
- University College Dublin
- Ireland
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8
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Chemistry of the highly stable hindered cobalt sandwich compound (η5-Cp)Co(η4-C4Ph4) and its derivatives. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Abstract
The mechanisms of action of ferrocifens depend on several features: chemical structures, used concentrations, nature of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Jaouen
- Sorbonne Universités
- UPMC Univ Paris 06
- IPCM
- F-75005 Paris
- France
| | - Anne Vessières
- Sorbonne Universités
- UPMC Univ Paris 06
- IPCM
- F-75005 Paris
- France
| | - Siden Top
- Sorbonne Universités
- UPMC Univ Paris 06
- IPCM
- F-75005 Paris
- France
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10
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Kottas GS, Brotin T, Schwab PFH, Gala K, Havlas Z, Kirby JP, Miller JR, Michl J. Tetraarylcyclobutadienecyclopentadienylcobalt Complexes: Synthesis, Electronic Spectra, Magnetic Circular Dichroism, Linear Dichroism, and TD DFT Calculations. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om400403j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregg S. Kottas
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Thierry Brotin
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Peter F. H. Schwab
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Kamal Gala
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
| | - Zdeněk Havlas
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - James P. Kirby
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555A, Upton, New
York 11973, United States
| | - John R. Miller
- Chemistry
Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555A, Upton, New
York 11973, United States
| | - Josef Michl
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0215, United States
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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11
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Singh J, Kumar D, Singh N, Elias AJ. New Chiral Palladacycles from an Unprecedented Cyclopalladation of Cyclobutadiene-Bound Phenyl Groups of Cobalt Sandwich Compounds. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500004n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jatinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Dheeraj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Nem Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Anil J. Elias
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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12
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Vessières A. Metal carbonyl tracers and the ferrocifen family: Two facets of bioorganometallic chemistry. J Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2012.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Grealis JP, Müller-Bunz H, Ortin Y, Casey M, McGlinchey MJ. Synthesis of Isobavachalcone and Some Organometallic Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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14
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Han J, Li G, Wang T. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and molecular structure of triphenyl butene derivatives containing a cyclopentadienyl iron unit. Inorganica Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2012.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Gainsford GJ, Anderson J, Bhuiyan MDH, Kay AJ. C-H⋯π packing inter-actions in 2-[5,5-bis-(4-benzyl-oxyphen-yl)-3-cyano-4-methyl-2,5-dihydro-furan-2-yl-idene]malononitrile. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2012; 67:o3046-7. [PMID: 22220058 PMCID: PMC3247440 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536811043480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title mol-ecule, C(35)H(25)N(3)O(3), packs utilizing C-H⋯π attractive inter-actions causing the identical 4-benzyl-oxyphenyl groups to pack with different conformational angles. This difference is consistent with the variable inter-planar dihedral angles found in closely related structures.
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16
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McGlinchey MJ, Milosevic S. From [10]Paracyclophane to Ferrocenophanones: The Search for Molecular Machines and Bio-Organometallic Anticancer Drugs. Isr J Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201100080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Zhao F, Zhao C, Liu ZQ. Synthesis of hydroxyferrocifen and its abilities to protect DNA and to scavenge radicals. J Biol Inorg Chem 2011; 16:1169-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-011-0805-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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The preparation, spectroscopy, structure and electrochemistry of some [Co(η4-C4Ph4)(η5-C5H4R)] complexes. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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Evaluation of bactericidal and fungicidal activity of ferrocenyl or phenyl derivatives in the diphenyl butene series. J Organomet Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Synthesis, characterization and biological properties of cobalt(II) complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline and maltol. J Inorg Biochem 2011; 105:339-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2010.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2010] [Revised: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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21
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Ferrocenyl-substituted curcumin: can it influence antioxidant ability to protect DNA? Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:1821-6. [PMID: 21388716 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2010] [Revised: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The antioxidant capacities of ferrocenyl-substituted curcumin derivatives including 1,7-bis(p-hydroxy-m-methoxyphenyl)-4-ferrocenylidene-hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione (FCU), 1-(p-hydroxy-m-methoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-7-ferrocenyl-hepta-1,4,6-trien-5-one (FFT), and 1-(p-hydroxy-m-methoxyphenyl)-5-ferrocenyl-penta-1,4-dien-3-one (FDZ) were evaluated in 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane hydrochloride) (AAPH), Cu2+/glutathione (GSH), and hydroxyl radical (.OH)-induced oxidation of DNA, and in trapping 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) cationic radical (ABTS+), and galvinoxyl radicals. FCU, FFT, and FDZ protected DNA against Cu2+/GSH-induced oxidation, but promoted .OH-induced oxidation of DNA. FCU, FFT, and FDZ scavenged 9.5, 5.7, and 4.7 radicals in protecting DNA against AAPH-induced oxidation. FCU can trap more DPPH and ABTS+ than FDZ and FFT, whereas FCU, FFT, and FDZ cannot react with galvinoxyl radical. Both phenolic hydroxyl groups and iron atom in ferrocenylidene curcumin derivatives play antioxidant role in this case.
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22
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Pigeon P, Top S, Vessières A, Huché M, Görmen M, El Arbi M, Plamont MA, McGlinchey MJ, Jaouen G. A new series of ferrocifen derivatives, bearing two aminoalkyl chains, with strong antiproliferative effects on breast cancer cells. NEW J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20192a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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