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Tyagi N, Ralli T, Ali A, Kohli K. Hypothesizing the Green Synthesis of Tamoxifen Loaded Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Breast Cancer. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:537-546. [PMID: 37231732 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230525104730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death all over the world and is not only limited to females but also affects males. For estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, tamoxifen has been considered the gold-line therapy for many decades. However, due to the side effects associated with the use of tamoxifen, its use is only limited to individuals in high-risk groups and limits its clinical application to moderate and/or lower-risk groups. Thus, there is a necessity to decrease the dose of tamoxifen, which can be achieved by targeting the drug to breast cancer cells and limiting its absorption to other body parts. Artificial antioxidants used in the formulation preparation are assumed to upsurge the risk of cancer and liver damage in humans. The need of the hour is to explore bioefficient antioxidants from natural plant sources as they are safer and additionally possess antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. The objective of this hypothesis is to prepare tamoxifen-loaded PEGylated NiO nanoparticles using green chemistry, tumbling the toxic effects of the conventional method of synthesis for targeted delivery to breast cancer cells. The significance of the work is to hypothesize a green method for the synthesis of NiO nanoparticles that are eco-friendly, cost-effective, decrease multidrug resistance, and can be used for targeted therapy. Garlic extract contains an organosulfur compound (Allicin) which has drug-metabolizing, anti-oxidant, and tumour growth inhibition effects. In breast cancer, allicin sensitizes estrogen receptors, increasing the anticancer efficacy of tamoxifen and reducing offsite toxicity. Thus, this garlic extract would act as a reducing agent and a capping agent. The use of nickel salt can help in targeted delivery to breast cancer cells and, in turn, reduces drug toxicity in different organs. This novel strategy may aim for cancer management with less toxic agents acting as an apt therapeutic modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Tyagi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Tanya Ralli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Asgar Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Kanchan Kohli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
- Lloyd Institute of Management and Technology, Knowledge Park II, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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2
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Villetti MA, Clementino AR, Dotti I, Ebani PR, Quarta E, Buttini F, Sonvico F, Bianchera A, Borsali R. Design and Characterization of Maltoheptaose- b-Polystyrene Nanoparticles, as a Potential New Nanocarrier for Oral Delivery of Tamoxifen. Molecules 2021; 26:6507. [PMID: 34770918 PMCID: PMC8587208 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen citrate (TMC), a non-steroidal antiestrogen drug used for the treatment of breast cancer, was loaded in a block copolymer of maltoheptaose-b-polystyrene (MH-b-PS) nanoparticles, a potential drug delivery system to optimize oral chemotherapy. The nanoparticles were obtained from self-assembly of MH-b-PS using the standard and reverse nanoprecipitation methods. The MH-b-PS@TMC nanoparticles were characterized by their physicochemical properties, morphology, drug loading and encapsulation efficiency, and release kinetic profile in simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4). Finally, their cytotoxicity towards the human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cell line was assessed. The standard nanoprecipitation method proved to be more efficient than reverse nanoprecipitation to produce nanoparticles with small size and narrow particle size distribution. Moreover, tamoxifen-loaded nanoparticles displayed spherical morphology, a positive zeta potential and high drug content (238.6 ± 6.8 µg mL-1) and encapsulation efficiency (80.9 ± 0.4 %). In vitro drug release kinetics showed a burst release at early time points, followed by a sustained release profile controlled by diffusion. MH-b-PS@TMC nanoparticles showed higher cytotoxicity towards MCF-7 cells than free tamoxifen citrate, confirming their effectiveness as a delivery system for administration of lipophilic anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Antonio Villetti
- Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Polímeros (Lepol), Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (M.A.V.); (P.R.E.)
| | | | - Ilaria Dotti
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (I.D.); (E.Q.)
| | - Patricia Regina Ebani
- Laboratório de Espectroscopia e Polímeros (Lepol), Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (M.A.V.); (P.R.E.)
| | - Eride Quarta
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (I.D.); (E.Q.)
| | - Francesca Buttini
- Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (A.R.C.); (F.B.); (F.S.)
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (I.D.); (E.Q.)
| | - Fabio Sonvico
- Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (A.R.C.); (F.B.); (F.S.)
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (I.D.); (E.Q.)
| | - Annalisa Bianchera
- Biopharmanet-TEC, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (A.R.C.); (F.B.); (F.S.)
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (I.D.); (E.Q.)
| | - Redouane Borsali
- Department of Chemistry, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000 Grenoble, France
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Mbaba M, Golding TM, Smith GS. Recent Advances in the Biological Investigation of Organometallic Platinum-Group Metal (Ir, Ru, Rh, Os, Pd, Pt) Complexes as Antimalarial Agents. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225276. [PMID: 33198217 PMCID: PMC7698227 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the face of the recent pandemic and emergence of infectious diseases of viral origin, research on parasitic diseases such as malaria continues to remain critical and innovative methods are required to target the rising widespread resistance that renders conventional therapies unusable. The prolific use of auxiliary metallo-fragments has augmented the search for novel drug regimens in an attempt to combat rising resistance. The development of organometallic compounds (those containing metal-carbon bonds) as antimalarial drugs has been exemplified by the clinical development of ferroquine in the nascent field of Bioorganometallic Chemistry. With their inherent physicochemical properties, organometallic complexes can modulate the discipline of chemical biology by proffering different modes of action and targeting various enzymes. With the beneficiation of platinum group metals (PGMs) in mind, this review aims to describe recent studies on the antimalarial activity of PGM-based organometallic complexes. This review does not provide an exhaustive coverage of the literature but focusses on recent advances of bioorganometallic antimalarial drug leads, including a brief mention of recent trends comprising interactions with biomolecules such as heme and intracellular catalysis. This resource can be used in parallel with complementary reviews on metal-based complexes tested against malaria.
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Popova M, Koseva N, Trendafilova I, Lazarova H, Mitova V, Mihály J, Momekova D, Momekov G, Koleva IZ, Aleksandrov HA, Vayssilov GN, Szegedi Á. Tamoxifen Delivery System Based on PEGylated Magnetic MCM-41 Silica. Molecules 2020; 25:E5129. [PMID: 33158297 PMCID: PMC7663855 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic iron oxide containing MCM-41 silica (MM) with ~300 nm particle size was developed. The MM material before or after template removal was modified with NH2- or COOH-groups and then grafted with PEG chains. The anticancer drug tamoxifen was loaded into the organic groups' modified and PEGylated nanoparticles by an incipient wetness impregnation procedure. The amount of loaded drug and the release properties depend on whether modification of the nanoparticles was performed before or after the template removal step. The parent and drug-loaded samples were characterized by XRD, N2 physisorption, thermal gravimetric analysis, and ATR FT-IR spectroscopy. ATR FT-IR spectroscopic data and density functional theory (DFT) calculations supported the interaction between the mesoporous silica surface and tamoxifen molecules and pointed out that the drug molecule interacts more strongly with the silicate surface terminated by silanol groups than with the surface modified with carboxyl groups. A sustained tamoxifen release profile was obtained by an in vitro experiment at pH = 7.0 for the PEGylated formulation modified by COOH groups after the template removal. Free drug and formulated tamoxifen samples were further investigated for antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Popova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Neli Koseva
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivalina Trendafilova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Hristina Lazarova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Violeta Mitova
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Judith Mihály
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, 1117 Budapest, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, Hungary
| | - Denitsa Momekova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Momekov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iskra Z Koleva
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1126 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | - Georgi N Vayssilov
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1126 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ágnes Szegedi
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, 1117 Budapest, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, Hungary
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Fröhlich T, Mai C, Bogautdinov RP, Morozkina SN, Shavva AG, Friedrich O, Gilbert DF, Tsogoeva SB. Synthesis of Tamoxifen-Artemisinin and Estrogen-Artemisinin Hybrids Highly Potent Against Breast and Prostate Cancer. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:1473-1479. [PMID: 32374071 PMCID: PMC7496903 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In the search for new and effective treatments of breast and prostate cancer, a series of hybrid compounds based on tamoxifen, estrogens, and artemisinin were successfully synthesized and analyzed for their in vitro activities against human prostate (PC-3) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. Most of the hybrid compounds exhibit a strong anticancer activity against both cancer cell lines - for example, EC50 (PC-3) down to 1.07 μM, and EC50 (MCF-7) down to 2.08 μM - thus showing higher activities than their parent compounds 4-hydroxytamoxifen (afimoxifene, 7; EC50 =75.1 (PC-3) and 19.3 μM (MCF-7)), dihydroartemisinin (2; EC50 =263.6 (PC-3) and 49.3 μM (MCF-7)), and artesunic acid (3; EC50 =195.1 (PC-3) and 32.0 μM (MCF-7)). The most potent compounds were the estrogen-artemisinin hybrids 27 and 28 (EC50 =1.18 and 1.07 μM, respectively) against prostate cancer, and hybrid 23 (EC50 =2.08 μM) against breast cancer. These findings demonstrate the high potential of hybridization of artemisinin and estrogens to further improve their anticancer activities and to produce synergistic effects between linked pharmacophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Fröhlich
- Organic Chemistry Chair I and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM)Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Christina Mai
- Organic Chemistry Chair I and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM)Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | | | | | | | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical BiotechnologyFriedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergPaul-Gordan-Straße 391052ErlangenGermany
| | - Daniel F. Gilbert
- Institute of Medical BiotechnologyFriedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergPaul-Gordan-Straße 391052ErlangenGermany
| | - Svetlana B. Tsogoeva
- Organic Chemistry Chair I and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM)Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Straße 1091058ErlangenGermany
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Mangla B, Alam O, Rub RA, Iqbal M, Singh A, Patel KS, Kohli K. Development and validation of a high throughput bioanalytical UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of tamoxifen and sulphoraphane in rat plasma: Application to an oral pharmacokinetic study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1152:122260. [PMID: 32679526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TAM) is the choice of a drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of estrogen-positive receptor (ER+) breast cancer. Sulphoraphane (SFN), a natural plant antioxidant compound, also acts on estrogen-positive breast cancer receptor. Thus, a combination of TAM with SFN is preferred as it helps to minimize the drug-related toxicity and increases the therapeutic efficacy by providing synergistic anticancer effects of both drugs. In the present study, a new simple, sensitive, precise, and selective UPLC-MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of tamoxifen and sulphoraphane using propranolol as an internal standard (IS) in rat plasma. Chromatographic separation was achieved on reverse phase Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (50 mm × 2.1 mm, i.d., 1.7 μm) with an isocratic mobile phase composed of solvent A (0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile) and B (0.1% formic acid in water) (80:20, v/v) at a flow-rate of 0.4 mL/min. The detection and quantification of analytes was performed on Waters ZsprayTM Xevo TQD using selected-ion monitoring operated under a positive electrospray ionization mode. The transitions were m/z = 372.0 [M+H]+ → 71.92 for tamoxifen, m/z = 177.9 [M+H]+ → 113.9 for sulphoraphane and m/z = 260.3 [M+H]+ → 116.1 for propranolol. The method was linear over the concentration range of 8-500 ng/mL (r2 = 0.9996) for tamoxifen, 30-2000 ng/mL (r2 = 0.9998) for sulphoraphane with insignificant matrix effect and high extraction recovery on spiked quality control (QC) samples. The intra- and inter-batch precisions and accuracy were within the acceptable limits, and both the analytes were found to be stable throughout the short term, long term and freeze thaw stability studies. The validated method was successfully applied for the simultaneous estimation of TAM and SFN in an oral pharmacokinetic study in female Wistar rats. This developed UPLC-MS/MS method could be a valuable tool for future pharmacokinetic interaction, therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic characterization of novel formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Mangla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Ozair Alam
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Modelling Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Rehan Abdur Rub
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Muzaffar Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Bioavailability Unit, Central Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Archu Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Utter Pradesh 201303, India
| | - Kanchan Kohli
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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7
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Nankali E, Shaabanzadeh M, Torbati MB. Fluorescent tamoxifen-encapsulated nanocapsules functionalized with folic acid for enhanced drug delivery toward breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and cancer cell imaging. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:1211-1219. [PMID: 31980856 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01825-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscale drug delivery systems such as nanocapsules at the convergence of nanotechnology and biomedical sciences have been widely used. In the present study, with the aim of simultaneous imaging and therapy of cancer cells based on biodegradable/biocompatible polymers, we designed and synthesized tamoxifen-encapsulated nanocapsules to target the folate receptor positive breast cancer cells. Noteworthy, to monitor and link to the cancer cells, these nanocapsules were functionalized with fluorescein isothiocyanate and folic acid. The synthesized nanocapsules were characterized by FTIR, XRD, and PL spectroscopy, as well as FESEM and TEM techniques. Although the free tamoxifen has low solubility in physiological solutions, the synthesized tamoxifen-encapsulated nanocapsules have enough solubility, good stability, and more biocompatibility in these solutions. The encapsulation of tamoxifen into the nanocapsules, tamoxifen loading, and its subsequent release behavior were studied. In order to investigate the biological role of these nanocapsules, MTT assay and cell imaging analysis have also been examined. The cytotoxicity test exhibit that the mean IC50 values on the MCF-7 cell line were found to be 15.52 and 8.46 μg/ml in 24 h and 48 h respectively and the cytotoxicity increased by approximately 2.72-fold compared with free TAM against the MCF-7 cancer cell line. Also, cell imaging experiments showed that the synthesized nanocapsules have appropriate cellular uptake efficiency, good potential for monitoring of these particles in vitro. The experimental results suggest that the synthesized tamoxifen nanocapsules facilitate the proper targeting, drug encapsulation efficiency, and controlled release of tamoxifen in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Nankali
- Department of Chemistry, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Masoud Shaabanzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran.
| | - Maryam Bikhof Torbati
- Department of Biology, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahr-e-Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Day CM, Hickey SM, Song Y, Plush SE, Garg S. Novel Tamoxifen Nanoformulations for Improving Breast Cancer Treatment: Old Wine in New Bottles. Molecules 2020; 25:E1182. [PMID: 32151063 PMCID: PMC7179425 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the leading causes of death from cancer in women; second only to lung cancer. Tamoxifen (TAM) is a hydrophobic anticancer agent and a selective estrogen modulator (SERM), approved by the FDA for hormone therapy of BC. Despite having striking efficacy in BC therapy, concerns regarding the dose-dependent carcinogenicity of TAM still persist, restricting its therapeutic applications. Nanotechnology has emerged as one of the most important strategies to solve the issue of TAM toxicity, owing to the ability of nano-enabled-formulations to deliver smaller concentrations of TAM to cancer cells, over a longer period of time. Various TAM-containing-nanosystems have been successfully fabricated to selectively deliver TAM to specific molecular targets found on tumour membranes, reducing unwanted toxic effects. This review begins with an outline of breast cancer, the current treatment options and a history of how TAM has been used as a combatant of BC. A detailed discussion of various nanoformulation strategies used to deliver lower doses of TAM selectively to breast tumours will then follow. Finally, a commentary on future perspectives of TAM being employed as a targeting vector, to guide the delivery of other therapeutic and diagnostic agents selectively to breast tumours will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace M. Day
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Cancer Research Institute, North Terrace, 5000 Adelaide, SA, Australia; (C.M.D.); (S.M.H.); (Y.S.)
| | - Shane M. Hickey
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Cancer Research Institute, North Terrace, 5000 Adelaide, SA, Australia; (C.M.D.); (S.M.H.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yunmei Song
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Cancer Research Institute, North Terrace, 5000 Adelaide, SA, Australia; (C.M.D.); (S.M.H.); (Y.S.)
| | - Sally E. Plush
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Cancer Research Institute, North Terrace, 5000 Adelaide, SA, Australia; (C.M.D.); (S.M.H.); (Y.S.)
- Future Industry Institute, University of South Australia, 5095 Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia
| | - Sanjay Garg
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Cancer Research Institute, North Terrace, 5000 Adelaide, SA, Australia; (C.M.D.); (S.M.H.); (Y.S.)
- Future Industry Institute, University of South Australia, 5095 Mawson Lakes, SA, Australia
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9
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Childers W, Fan R, Martinez R, Colussi DJ, Melenski E, Liu Y, Gordon J, Abou-Gharbia M, Jacobson MA. Novel compounds that reverse the disease phenotype in Type 2 Gaucher disease patient-derived cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:126806. [PMID: 31757667 PMCID: PMC7569734 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) results from inherited mutations in the lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerobrosidase (GCase). Currently available treatment options for Type 1 GD are not efficacious for treating neuronopathic Type 2 and 3 GD due to their inability to cross the blood-brain barrier. In an effort to identify small molecules which could be optimized for CNS penetration we identified tamoxifen from a high throughput phenotypic screen on Type 2 GD patient-derived fibroblasts which reversed the disease phenotype. Structure activity studies around this scaffold led to novel molecules that displayed improved potency, efficacy and reduced estrogenic/antiestrogenic activity compared to the original hits. Here we present the design, synthesis and structure activity relationships that led to the lead molecule Compound 31.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne Childers
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| | - Rong Fan
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Rogelio Martinez
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Dennis J Colussi
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Edward Melenski
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Yuxiao Liu
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - John Gordon
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Magid Abou-Gharbia
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Marlene A Jacobson
- Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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10
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Ibrahim OM, El-Deeb NM, Abbas H, Elmasry SM, El-Aassar MR. Alginate based tamoxifen/metal dual core-folate decorated shell: Nanocomposite targeted therapy for breast cancer via ROS-driven NF-κB pathway modulation. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 146:119-131. [PMID: 31904460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer endocrine resistance prevents unleashing full capabilities of Tamoxifen (TMX), besides TMX off-target side effects on healthy tissue. In this study, we engineered TMX nanocomposite via co-loading it on alginate-based silver nanoparticles and embedding within folic acid-polyethylene glycol surface conjugate. The coating process was done by w/o/w double emulsion method. To confirm the silver nanoparticles formation, UV spectroscopy, XRD and TEM analysis were carried out. TEM results confirmed the core-shell structure of folate targeted nanocomposite with approximate average diameter of 66 nm, the nanocomposite structures were characterized by FTIR, TGA and SEM. By comparing with the non-targeted formula, folate decorated formula had 12-folds lowered IC50 value and 12.5-14-fold higher cancer cells toxic selectivity index. Also, after 4 h treatment, both fluorescence microscopic and flow cytometric analysis indicated higher intracellular accumulation of folic acid conjugated formula on MCF-7 cancer cells than the non-targeted one with 3.44-folds. The breast cancer cytotoxic effects of this metal-endocrine nanocomposite formula could be explained by the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), down regulation of survival oncogenic genes (BCL-2 and Survivin) and the accumulation of MCF-7 cells in G2/M phase. All these data confirm the efficiency and efficacy of the formulated nanocomposite as future treatment for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Ibrahim
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt; Department of Medicine and Translational Research, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Nehal M El-Deeb
- Biopharmacetical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Haidy Abbas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Soha M Elmasry
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - M R El-Aassar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia; Polymer Materials Research Department Advanced Technology and New Material Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
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11
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Yu Q, Huo J, Zhang Y, Liu K, Cai Y, Xiang T, Jiang Z, Zhang L. Tamoxifen-induced hepatotoxicity via lipid accumulation and inflammation in zebrafish. Chemosphere 2020; 239:124705. [PMID: 31479913 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tamoxifen is a clinical drug for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Recently, it has been detected in aquatic environment. The residual drugs will produce certain biological activity and create a risk to aquatic organism when they enter the water environment. Therefore, it has great significance to study the ecotoxicity of tamoxifen. In the study, we used zebrafish as a model of aquatic to investigate the ecotoxic mechanism of tamoxifen to aquatic. We found that tamoxifen induced liver lipid accumulation in zebrafish, which showed a significant hepatotoxicity with smaller liver area and bigger yolk area. Though biochemical and pathologic measurement, tamoxifen treated group showed higher transaminase and lipid content. The elevated liver lipid synthesis might due to the increase of lipid metabolism related gene Srebf1, Srebf2 and Fasn. Moreover, inflammatory cytokine Tnf-α, Il-1β And Il-6 were increased. This result confirmed the toxicity of tamoxifen to aquatic, suggested liver injury was the main characteristic of its ecotoxicity. This study indicated it is important to avoid tamoxifen discharging into the aquatic ecology and provided a theoretical basis of prevention tamoxifen-induced ecotoxicity to aquatic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinwei Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Jingting Huo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yun Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China.
| | - Kechun Liu
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250103, China.
| | - Yu Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Ting Xiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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12
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Schwarze B, Jelača S, Welcke L, Maksimović‐Ivanić D, Mijatović S, Hey‐Hawkins E. 2,2'-Bipyridine-Modified Tamoxifen: A Versatile Vector for Molybdacarboranes. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:2075-2083. [PMID: 31677361 PMCID: PMC6972990 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Investigations on the antitumor activity of metallacarboranes are sparse in the literature and limited to a handful of ruthena- and molybdacarboranes. In this study, the molybdacarborane fragment [3-(CO)2 -closo-3,1,2-MoC2 B9 H11 ] was combined with a vector molecule, inspired by the well-known drug tamoxifen or 4,4'-dihydroxytamoxifen (TAM-diOH). The molybdacarborane derivative [3,3-{4-[1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)but-1-en-2-yl]-2,2'-bipyridine-κ2 N,N'}-3-(CO)2 -closo-3,1,2-MoC2 B9 H11 ] (10), as well as the ligand itself 4-[1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)but-1-en-2-yl]-2,2'-bipyridine (6) showed cytotoxic activities in the low micromolar range against breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-361 and MCF-7), human glioblastoma (LN-229) and human glioma (U-251) cell lines. In addition, compounds 6 and 10 were found to induce senescence and cytodestructive autophagy, lower ROS/RNS levels, but only the molybdacarborane 10 induced a strong increase of nitric oxide (NO) concentration in the MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Schwarze
- Leipzig UniversityFaculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJohannisallee 2904103LeipzigGermany
| | - Sanja Jelača
- University of BelgradeDepartment of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” – National Institute of Republic of SerbiaBul. Despota Stefana 14211060BelgradeSerbia
| | - Linda Welcke
- Leipzig UniversityFaculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJohannisallee 2904103LeipzigGermany
| | - Danijela Maksimović‐Ivanić
- University of BelgradeDepartment of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” – National Institute of Republic of SerbiaBul. Despota Stefana 14211060BelgradeSerbia
| | - Sanja Mijatović
- University of BelgradeDepartment of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković” – National Institute of Republic of SerbiaBul. Despota Stefana 14211060BelgradeSerbia
| | - Evamarie Hey‐Hawkins
- Leipzig UniversityFaculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute of Inorganic ChemistryJohannisallee 2904103LeipzigGermany
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13
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Zhang YY, Shang XY, Hou XW, Li LZ, Wang W, Hayashi T, Zhang Y, Yao GD, Song SJ. Yuanhuatine from Daphne genkwa selectively induces mitochondrial apoptosis in estrogen receptor α-positive breast cancer cells in vitro. Planta Med 2019; 85:1275-1286. [PMID: 31627219 DOI: 10.1055/a-1013-1439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers diagnosed among women worldwide. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a transcriptional factor that plays an important role in the development and progression of breast cancer. Yuanhuatine, a natural daphnane-type diterpenoid extracted from Daphne genkwa, was reported to exhibit significant cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of yuanhuatine on two breast cancer cell lines that are ERα-positive and -negative. The results show that yuanhuatine inhibits the growth of ERα-positive cells (MCF-7) with much stronger inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.62 µM) compared with positive control tamoxifen (IC50 = 14.43 µM). However, no obvious cytotoxicity was observed in ERα-negative cells (MDA-MB-231). Subsequent experiment also indicated that yuanhuatine markedly induced mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Molecular docking studies suggest the potential interactions between yuanhuatine and ERα. Immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analysis indicated that yuanhuatine down-regulated the expression of ERα in MCF-7 cells. MPP, a specific ERα inhibitor, significantly enhanced yuanhuatine-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. On the contrary, the treatment with yuanhuatine causes no apoptosis in MM231 cells. Altogether, in vitro and in silico results suggested that ERα down-regulation was involved in yuanhuatine-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in ERα-positive breast cancer cells. Thus, yuanhuatine could be a potential candidate for treating ERα-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yue Shang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Wen Hou
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Zhi Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Toshihiko Hayashi
- China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, School of Advanced Engineering, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Dong Yao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Jiang Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, People's Republic of China
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14
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Tres F, Posada MM, Hall SD, Mohutsky MA, Taylor LS. The Effect of Promiscuous Aggregation on in Vitro Drug Metabolism Assays. Pharm Res 2019; 36:170. [PMID: 31654151 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many bioactive molecules show a type of solution phase behavior, termed promiscuous aggregation, whereby at micromolar concentrations, colloidal drug-rich aggregates are formed in aqueous solution. These aggregates are known to be a major cause of false positives and false negatives in select enzymatic high-throughput screening assays. The goal of this study was to investigate the impact of drug-rich aggregates on in vitro drug screening metabolism assays. METHODS Cilnidipine was selected as an aggregate former and its impact on drug metabolism was evaluated against rCYP2D6, rCYP1A2, rCYP2C9 and human liver microsomes. RESULTS The cilnidipine aggregates were shown to non-specifically inhibit multiple cytochrome P450 enzymes with an IC50 comparable with the IC50 of potent model inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS This newly demonstrated mode of "promiscuous inhibition" is of great importance as it can lead to false positives during drug metabolism evaluations and thus it needs to be considered in the future to better predict in vivo drug-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tres
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Maria M Posada
- Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, Indiana, 46285, USA
| | - Stephen D Hall
- Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, Indiana, 46285, USA
| | - Michael A Mohutsky
- Drug Disposition, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, Indiana, 46285, USA
| | - Lynne S Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA.
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15
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Beh CY, Rasedee A, Selvarajah GT, Yazan LS, Omar AR, Foong JN, How CW, Foo JB. Enhanced anti-mammary gland cancer activities of tamoxifen-loaded erythropoietin-coated drug delivery system. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219285. [PMID: 31291309 PMCID: PMC6619690 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine is an emerging area in the medical field, particularly in the treatment of cancers. Nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) was shown to be a good nanoparticulated carrier for the delivery of tamoxifen (TAM). In this study, the tamoxifen-loaded erythropoietin-coated nanostructured lipid carriers (EPO-TAMNLC) were developed to enhance the anti-cancer properties and targetability of TAM, using EPO as the homing ligand for EPO receptors (EpoRs) on breast cancer tissue cells. Tamoxifen-loaded NLC (TAMNLC) was used for comparison. The LA7 cells and LA7 cell-induced rat mammary gland tumor were used as models in the study. Immunocytochemistry staining showed that LA7 cells express estrogen receptors (ERs) and EpoRs. EPO-TAMNLC and TAMNLC significantly (p<0.05) inhibited proliferation of LA7 in dose- and time-dependent manner. EPO-TAMNLC induced apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest of LA7 cells. Both drug delivery systems showed anti-mammary gland tumor properties. At an intravenous dose of 5 mg kg-1 body weight, EPO-TAMNLC and TAMNLC were not toxic to rats, suggesting that both are safe therapeutic compounds. In conclusion, EPO-TAMNLC is not only a unique drug delivery system because of the dual drug-loading feature, but also potentially highly specific in the targeting of breast cancer tissues positive for ERs and EpoRs. The incorporation of TAM into NLC with and without EPO coat had significantly (p<0.05) improved specificity and safety of the drug carriers in the treatment of mammary gland tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaw Yee Beh
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- * E-mail: , (AR); (CYB)
| | - Abdullah Rasedee
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- * E-mail: , (AR); (CYB)
| | | | | | - Abdul Rahman Omar
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jia Ning Foong
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Wun How
- Centre for Pre-University Studies, Faculty of Pharmacy, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Kuala Langat, Selangor, Malaysia
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jhi Biau Foo
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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16
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Yang Z, Chen Q, Chen J, Dong Z, Zhang R, Liu J, Liu Z. Tumor-pH-Responsive Dissociable Albumin-Tamoxifen Nanocomplexes Enabling Efficient Tumor Penetration and Hypoxia Relief for Enhanced Cancer Photodynamic Therapy. Small 2018; 14:e1803262. [PMID: 30307701 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201803262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the promises of applying nano-photosensitizers (nano-PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) against cancer, severe tumor hypoxia and limited tumor penetration of nano-PSs would lead to nonoptimized therapeutic outcomes of PDT. Therefore, herein a biocompatible nano-PS is prepared by using tamoxifen (TAM), an anti-estrogen compound, to induce self-assembly of chlorin e6 (Ce6) modified human serum albumin (HSA). The formed HSA-Ce6/TAM nanocomplexes, which are stable under neutral pH with a diameter of ≈130 nm, would be dissociated into individual HSA-Ce6 and TAM molecules under the acidic tumor microenvironment, owing to the pH responsive transition of TAM from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. Upon systemic administration, such HSA-Ce6/TAM nanoparticles exhibit prolonged blood circulation and high accumulation in the tumor, where it would undergo rapid pH responsive dissociation to enable obviously enhanced intratumoral penetration of HSA-Ce6. Furthermore, utilizing the ability of TAM in reducing the oxygen consumption of cancer cells, it is found that HSA-Ce6/TAM after systemic administration could efficiently attenuate the tumor hypoxia status. Those effects acting together lead to remarkably enhanced PDT treatment. This work presents a rather simple approach to fabricate smart nano-PSs with multiple functions integrated into a single system via self-assembly of all-biocompatible components, promising for the next generation cancer PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ziliang Dong
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
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17
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Landeros-Martínez LL, Glossman-Mitnik D, Flores-Holguín N. Studying the chemical reactivity properties of the target tumor-environment tripeptides NGR (asparagine-glycine-arginine) and RGD (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid) in their interactions with tamoxifen through conceptual density functional theory. J Mol Model 2018; 24:336. [PMID: 30413890 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3868-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report theoretical research into the interaction of the drug tamoxifen drug with tripeptides found in the tumor environment-specifically, asparagine-glycine-arginine (NGR) and arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD). Reactivity parameters of these tripeptides were calculated and their intrinsic reactivities and cross-reactivities were analyzed. The interactions of the tripeptides with the nanodiamond-tamoxifen (ND-TAM) complex where the nanodiamond acts as a nanocarrier were also examined theoretically. In addition, their intestinal absorption was predicted based on the polar surface area. The results showed that tamoxifen interacts with RGD, and this interaction remained after the addition of the nanodiamond. An analysis of the chemical hardnesses of the tripeptides was carried out to explore their possible use as synthetic vectors when joined to the nanodiamond. Results indicated that NGR is the most stable of the tripeptides and could be used for active targeting. All calculations were implemented using the conceptual framework of density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda-Lucila Landeros-Martínez
- Laboratorio Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Miguel de Cervantes 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, 31136, Chihuahua, Chih, Mexico
| | - Daniel Glossman-Mitnik
- Laboratorio Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Miguel de Cervantes 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, 31136, Chihuahua, Chih, Mexico
| | - Norma Flores-Holguín
- Laboratorio Virtual NANOCOSMOS, Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Energía, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Miguel de Cervantes 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, 31136, Chihuahua, Chih, Mexico.
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18
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Chowdhury N, Vhora I, Patel K, Bagde A, Kutlehria S, Singh M. Development of Hot Melt Extruded Solid Dispersion of Tamoxifen Citrate and Resveratrol for Synergistic Effects on Breast Cancer Cells. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:3287-3297. [PMID: 30218267 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1111-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary standard therapy for ER-positive breast cancer being tamoxifen, newer delivery approach for enhancement of dissolution and therapeutic efficiency of tamoxifen through oral route could be a possible solution. In the present study, we investigated combination of tamoxifen (TAM) with resveratrol (RES) and observed that the combination is effective on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. To ensure co-delivery of the drugs, we explored the hot melt extrusion technique for simultaneously extruding two drugs together in order to enhance their bioavailability. As both are class II drugs with dissolution limited bioavailability, detailed formulation and process parameter analyses were carried out. Detailed characterization using microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) confirmed that both the drugs were molecularly dispersed in the matrix of Soluplus, CremophorRH40, and Poloxamer188, and no interactions between the ingredients were there during hot melt extrusion (HME) process. Dissolution studies confirmed that HME extrudates were able to release drug more rapidly than simple suspension formulation. Further, pharmacokinetic studies in rats were carried out for tamoxifen. Results demonstrated that extrusion significantly increased the tamoxifen oral bioavailability (p < 0.05) (Tmax = 2.00 ± 0.56 h, Cmax = 3.66 ± 1.49 μg/mL, AUC = 39.80 ± 16.24 μg h/mL, MRT = 20.49 ± 5.71) compared to the conventional suspension of tamoxifen (Tmax = 2.00 ± 0.71 h, Cmax = 2.41 ± 0.84 μg/mL, AUC = 12.82 ± 3.99 μg h/mL, MRT = 18.24 ± 5.95 h). In vitro cytotoxicity studies of TAM, RES, and their combination (TAM-RES) were evaluated with MCF7 cells. The combination showed significantly lower IC50 compared to TAM with increasing ratio of RES which is a result of apoptosis. HME-based simultaneous extrusion of TAM and RES formulation provides a suitable formulation strategy for breast cancer treatment and establishes proof of concept for extruding multiple drugs simultaneously for other applications in future.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Calorimetry, Differential Scanning/methods
- Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/methods
- Drug Development/methods
- Drug Synergism
- Hot Temperature
- Humans
- MCF-7 Cells
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Resveratrol/administration & dosage
- Resveratrol/chemistry
- Resveratrol/metabolism
- Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared/methods
- Tamoxifen/administration & dosage
- Tamoxifen/chemistry
- Tamoxifen/metabolism
- X-Ray Diffraction/methods
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Chowdhury
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32307, USA
| | - Imran Vhora
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32307, USA
| | - Ketan Patel
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32307, USA
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Jamaica, New York, 11439, USA
| | - Arvind Bagde
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32307, USA
| | - Shallu Kutlehria
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32307, USA
| | - Mandip Singh
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32307, USA.
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19
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Sansook S, Lineham E, Hassell-Hart S, Tizzard GJ, Coles SJ, Spencer J, Morley SJ. Probing the Anticancer Action of Novel Ferrocene Analogues of MNK Inhibitors. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092126. [PMID: 30142961 PMCID: PMC6225114 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Two novel ferrocene-containing compounds based upon a known MNK1/2 kinase (MAPK-interacting kinase) inhibitor have been synthesized. The compounds were designed to use the unique shape of ferrocene to exploit a large hydrophobic pocket in MNK1/2 that is only partially occupied by the original compound. Screening of the ferrocene analogues showed that both exhibited potent anticancer effects in several breast cancer and AML (acute myeloid leukemia) cell lines, despite a loss of MNK potency. The most potent ferrocene-based compound 5 was further analysed in vitro in MDA-MB-231 (triple negative breast cancer cells). Dose–response curves of compound 5 for 2D assay and 3D assay generated IC50 values (half maximal inhibitory concentration) of 0.55 µM and 1.25 µM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supojjanee Sansook
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QJ, UK.
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Princess of Naradhiwas University, Khok Khian 96000, Thailand.
| | - Ella Lineham
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QG, UK.
| | - Storm Hassell-Hart
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QJ, UK.
| | - Graham J Tizzard
- UK National Crystallography Service, Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Simon J Coles
- UK National Crystallography Service, Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - John Spencer
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QJ, UK.
| | - Simon J Morley
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QG, UK.
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Maximov PY, Abderrahman B, Fanning SW, Sengupta S, Fan P, Curpan RF, Rincon DMQ, Greenland JA, Rajan SS, Greene GL, Jordan VC. Endoxifen, 4-Hydroxytamoxifen and an Estrogenic Derivative Modulate Estrogen Receptor Complex Mediated Apoptosis in Breast Cancer. Mol Pharmacol 2018; 94:812-822. [PMID: 29739819 PMCID: PMC6022805 DOI: 10.1124/mol.117.111385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen therapy was used to treat advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women for decades until the introduction of tamoxifen. Resistance to long-term estrogen deprivation (LTED) with tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors used as a treatment of breast cancer inevitably occurs, but unexpectedly low-dose estrogen can cause regression of breast cancer and increase disease-free survival in some patients. This therapeutic effect is attributed to estrogen-induced apoptosis in LTED breast cancer. Here, we describe modulation of the estrogen receptor (ER) liganded with antiestrogens (endoxifen and 4-hydroxytamoxifen) and an estrogenic triphenylethylene (TPE), ethoxytriphenylethylene (EtOXTPE), on estrogen-induced apoptosis in LTED breast cancer cells. Our results show that the angular TPE estrogen (EtOXTPE) is able to induce the ER-mediated apoptosis only at a later time compared with planar estradiol in these cells. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction, chromatin immunoprecipitation, western blotting, molecular modeling, and X-ray crystallography techniques, we report novel conformations of the ER complex with an angular estrogen EtOXTPE and endoxifen. We propose that alteration of the conformation of the ER complexes, with changes in coactivator binding, governs estrogen-induced apoptosis through the protein kinase regulated by RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase sensor system to trigger an unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Y Maximov
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.Y.M., B.A., P.F., D.M.Q.R., J.A.G., V.C.J.); The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.W.F., S.S.R., G.L.G.); Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC (S.S.); and Institute of Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Timisoara, Romania (R.F.C.)
| | - Balkees Abderrahman
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.Y.M., B.A., P.F., D.M.Q.R., J.A.G., V.C.J.); The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.W.F., S.S.R., G.L.G.); Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC (S.S.); and Institute of Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Timisoara, Romania (R.F.C.)
| | - Sean W Fanning
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.Y.M., B.A., P.F., D.M.Q.R., J.A.G., V.C.J.); The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.W.F., S.S.R., G.L.G.); Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC (S.S.); and Institute of Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Timisoara, Romania (R.F.C.)
| | - Surojeet Sengupta
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.Y.M., B.A., P.F., D.M.Q.R., J.A.G., V.C.J.); The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.W.F., S.S.R., G.L.G.); Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC (S.S.); and Institute of Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Timisoara, Romania (R.F.C.)
| | - Ping Fan
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.Y.M., B.A., P.F., D.M.Q.R., J.A.G., V.C.J.); The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.W.F., S.S.R., G.L.G.); Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC (S.S.); and Institute of Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Timisoara, Romania (R.F.C.)
| | - Ramona F Curpan
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.Y.M., B.A., P.F., D.M.Q.R., J.A.G., V.C.J.); The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.W.F., S.S.R., G.L.G.); Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC (S.S.); and Institute of Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Timisoara, Romania (R.F.C.)
| | - Daniela Maria Quintana Rincon
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.Y.M., B.A., P.F., D.M.Q.R., J.A.G., V.C.J.); The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.W.F., S.S.R., G.L.G.); Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC (S.S.); and Institute of Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Timisoara, Romania (R.F.C.)
| | - Jeffery A Greenland
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.Y.M., B.A., P.F., D.M.Q.R., J.A.G., V.C.J.); The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.W.F., S.S.R., G.L.G.); Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC (S.S.); and Institute of Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Timisoara, Romania (R.F.C.)
| | - Shyamala S Rajan
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.Y.M., B.A., P.F., D.M.Q.R., J.A.G., V.C.J.); The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.W.F., S.S.R., G.L.G.); Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC (S.S.); and Institute of Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Timisoara, Romania (R.F.C.)
| | - Geoffrey L Greene
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.Y.M., B.A., P.F., D.M.Q.R., J.A.G., V.C.J.); The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.W.F., S.S.R., G.L.G.); Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC (S.S.); and Institute of Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Timisoara, Romania (R.F.C.)
| | - V Craig Jordan
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (P.Y.M., B.A., P.F., D.M.Q.R., J.A.G., V.C.J.); The Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (S.W.F., S.S.R., G.L.G.); Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC (S.S.); and Institute of Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Timisoara, Romania (R.F.C.)
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Li JJ, Yang YY, Yu DG, Du Q, Yang XL. Fast dissolving drug delivery membrane based on the ultra-thin shell of electrospun core-shell nanofibers. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 122:195-204. [PMID: 30008429 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Structural nanocomposites that provide fast dissolving drug release profiles are highly in demand in pharmaceutics. In this study, a poorly water-soluble drug such as quercetin or tamoxifen citrate (TC) was selected as a model active pharmaceutical ingredient. Core-shell nanofibers with ultra-thin shells were designed and prepared using modified coaxial electrospinning. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K90 or Polycaprolactone (PCL) was selected as core. The drugs and PVP K10 were selected as shell. All types of solutions can be used as the shell fluids in modified coaxial process regardless of their electrospinnability, which means the increasing functional ingredients and unspinnable matrix can be processed. Evaluations via SEM and TEM demonstrated that the core-shell nanofibers had linear morphology with a shell thickness smaller than 100 nm. XRD and FTIR results showed that the model drug was distributed in the polymeric matrix amorphously and that PVP K10 had good compatibility with quercetin or TC. In vitro dissolution tests suggested that the core-shell nanofibers with ultra-thin shells released the loaded cargoes in the dissolution media within 1 min. The present investigation paved a new way for implementing the modified coaxial processes, which can be utilized to fabricate structural nanocomposites with ultra-thin shells for enhancing the fast dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jiao Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yao-Yao Yang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Deng-Guang Yu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Qing Du
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiang-Liang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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22
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Sasaki K, Terasaki M. Estrogen agonistic/antagonistic activity of brominated parabens. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:21257-21266. [PMID: 29946845 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2600-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The estrogen agonistic/antagonistic activity of 16 brominated by-products of parabens was assessed by using a yeast two-hybrid assay transfected with the human estrogen receptor α. Characterization of synthetic compounds including novel brominated parabens was performed using 1H-NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. For the agonist assay, five C3-C4 alkylparabens exhibited significant activity (P < 0.05) relative to that of 17β-estradiol, ranging from 3.7 × 10-5 to 7.1 × 10-4. In contrast, none of the brominated alkyl parabens exhibited agonistic activity. In the antagonist assay, 12 brominated alkylparabens and butylparaben exhibited significant antagonistic activity (P < 0.05). Their antagonistic activity relative to 4-hydroxytamoxifen ranged from 0.11 to 2.5. The antagonist activity of C1-C4 alkylparabens increased with the number of bromine substitutions. Benzylparaben exhibited both agonistic and antagonistic activity, and these activities dissipated or were weakened with increased bromination. Thus, increased bromination appeared to attenuate the estrogen agonistic activity of most parabens such that it resulted in increased antagonistic activity, a feature of parabens that had not been previously described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Sasaki
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Iwate University, 3-18-34 Ueda, Morioka, 020-8550, Japan
| | - Masanori Terasaki
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Iwate University, 3-18-34 Ueda, Morioka, 020-8550, Japan.
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23
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Srivastava R, Cornett LE, Chaturvedi CM. Impact of estrogen and photoperiod on arginine vasotocin and VT3 receptor expression in the shell gland of quail. Front Biosci (Schol Ed) 2018; 10:372-385. [PMID: 29772564 DOI: 10.2741/s522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Role of estrogen and photoperiod is well-established in avian reproduction. In addition, the distribution and the expression of arginine vasotocin (AVT) and its receptor VT3 to ensure reproductive/breeding conditions in Japanese quail influenced by them has been the main focus of this review. To consider this aspect the mRNA expression of VT3 receptor and its ligand AVT in the shell gland has been emphasized. In birds, AVT performs a dual role as an anti-diuretic hormone and the functions accomplished by oxytocin in mammals. The physiological actions of AVT in birds are mediated through its diverse receptor subtypes VT1, VT2, VT3 and VT4. Dynamic alteration of VT3 expression during different reproductive and photo-sexual conditions of quail can be modulated by estrogen. In addition to the endocrine effect of AVT, the shell gland is complemented by its paracrine action via its receptors. Evidences indicate that the expression of shell gland AVT modulated by estrogen appears to play a priming role by modulating the availability of VT3 receptor for the required action of neurohypophysial AVT during oviposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Srivastava
- Department of Zoology, Dr. H.S. Gour University, Sagar, M.P. 470003,
| | - Lawrence E Cornett
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72205, Arkansas, USA
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Knoop O, Itzel F, Tuerk J, Lutze HV, Schmidt TC. Endocrine effects after ozonation of tamoxifen. Sci Total Environ 2018; 622-623:71-78. [PMID: 29202370 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ozonation is used as additional wastewater treatment option to remove recalcitrant micropollutants. It also removes the estrogenic activity found in wastewater but not always the anti-estrogenic activity. This can be explained by an incomplete removal of anti-estrogenic micropollutants or by formation of transformation products (TPs) which retain the activity. The present study investigates the degradation of the anti-estrogenic pharmaceutical tamoxifen in pure water, regarding TP formation and related anti-estrogenic effect using Arxula adeninivorans yeast estrogen screen (A-YES). In total, five transformation products were detected: three N-oxides and two further products (TP 270 and TP 388). For the transformation product TP 270 a correlation of the extent of formation with an increase of the anti-estrogenic activity was determined, demonstrating that transformation products from ozonation can be more active in a bioassay than the parent compounds. Our study shows also that the transformation of tamoxifen to N-oxides reduces the anti-estrogenic activity. The reactivity of amines towards ozone typically increases with pH, since only deprotonated amines react with ozone. Hence, removal of the endocrine activity by N-oxide formation may be disfavored at low pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Knoop
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany; Centre for Aquatic and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 2, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Fabian Itzel
- Centre for Aquatic and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 2, 45141 Essen, Germany; Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e.V. (IUTA, Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology), Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Tuerk
- Centre for Aquatic and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 2, 45141 Essen, Germany; Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e.V. (IUTA, Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology), Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Holger V Lutze
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany; Centre for Aquatic and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 2, 45141 Essen, Germany; IWW Water Centre, Moritzstr. 26, 45476 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Torsten C Schmidt
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany; Centre for Aquatic and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 2, 45141 Essen, Germany; IWW Water Centre, Moritzstr. 26, 45476 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
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Zanganeh N, Ziamajidi N, Khodadadi I, Saidijam M, Abbasalipourkabir R. Liver Genes Expression Induced by Tamoxifen Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles in Wistar Female Rats. Cell Biochem Biophys 2017; 76:303-310. [PMID: 29090414 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-017-0833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of free tamoxifen and tamoxifen-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) on cytochrome P450 (CYP3A2) and flavin-containing monooxygenase1 (FMO1) genes expression in the liver of female Wistar rats. Thirty female Wistar rats aged 7-8 weeks, were divided into six groups of six rats each. The first, second, third, and fourth groups were ovariectomized and received tamoxifen (2 mg/kg of body weight dissolved in 1 ml olive oil), tamoxifen-loaded SLN (2 mg/kg of body weight dispersed in 1 ml olive oil), SLN (10 mg/kg of body weight dispersed in 1 ml olive oil), and 1 ml olive oil, respectively. The fifth group comprised untreated ovariectomized control group and the sixth group served as unovariectomized healthy group. The treatments were given orally to the animals on 21 consecutive days using gastric intubations. At the end of the study, the rats were scarified and studied for some serum biochemical profile and two liver genes expression. The group treated with tamoxifen-loaded SLN showed significantly increased gene expression of CYP3A2 in comparison with the control, healthy, and group treated with free tamoxifen. The gene expression of FMO1 in the group that received tamoxifen-loaded SLN was significantly lower than that in the group treated with free tamoxifen. In addition, the group treated with free tamoxifen showed significantly increased gene expression of FMO1 as compared to the control and healthy groups. Encapsulation of tamoxifen inside solid lipid nanoparticles increased the gene expression of CYP3A2 and decreased the gene expression of FMO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Zanganeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Ziamajidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iraj Khodadadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Xu J, Zhang S, Machado A, Lecommandoux S, Sandre O, Gu F, Colin A. Controllable Microfluidic Production of Drug-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles Using Partially Water-Miscible Mixed Solvent Microdroplets as a Precursor. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4794. [PMID: 28684775 PMCID: PMC5500499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a versatile continuous microfluidic flow-focusing method for the production of Doxorubicin (DOX) or Tamoxifen (TAM)-loaded poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs). We use a partially water-miscible solvent mixture (dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO+ dichloromethane DCM) as precursor drug/polymer solution for NPs nucleation. We extrude this partially water-miscible solution into an aqueous medium and synthesized uniform PLGA NPs with higher drug loading ability and longer sustained-release ability than conventional microfluidic or batch preparation methods. The size of NPs could be precisely tuned by changing the flow rate ratios, polymer concentration, and volume ratio of DCM to DMSO (VDCM/VDMSO) in the precursor emulsion. We investigated the mechanism of the formation of NPs and the effect of VDCM/VDMSO on drug release kinetics. Our work suggests that this original, rapid, facile, efficient and low-cost method is a promising technology for high throughput NP fabrication. For the two tested drugs, one hydrophilic (Doxorubicin) the other one hydrophobic (Tamoxifen), encapsulation efficiency (EE) as high as 88% and mass loading content (LC) higher than 25% were achieved. This new process could be extended as an efficient and large scale NP production method to benefit to fields like controlled drug release and nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Xu
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Schweitzer, 33600, Pessac, France
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- CNRS, Solvay, LOF (UMR 5258), Univ. Bordeaux, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux-INP, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (UMR5629), 16 Avenue Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Anais Machado
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux-INP, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (UMR5629), 16 Avenue Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Sébastien Lecommandoux
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux-INP, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (UMR5629), 16 Avenue Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Olivier Sandre
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux-INP, Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (UMR5629), 16 Avenue Pey Berland, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Frank Gu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Annie Colin
- Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Schweitzer, 33600, Pessac, France.
- ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, Sciences et Ingénierie de la matière Molle, CNRS(UMR 7615), 10, Rue Vauquelin, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France.
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Zhang Y, Leonard M, Shu Y, Yang Y, Shu D, Guo P, Zhang X. Overcoming Tamoxifen Resistance of Human Breast Cancer by Targeted Gene Silencing Using Multifunctional pRNA Nanoparticles. ACS Nano 2017; 11:335-346. [PMID: 27966906 PMCID: PMC5488869 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b05910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Most breast cancers express estrogen receptor (ER) α, and the antiestrogen drug tamoxifen has been widely used for their treatment. Unfortunately, up to half of all ERα-positive tumors have intrinsic or acquired endocrine therapy resistance. Our recent studies revealed that the ER coactivator Mediator Subunit 1 (MED1) plays a critical role in tamoxifen resistance through cross-talk with HER2. Herein, we assembled a three-way junction (3-WJ) pRNA-HER2apt-siMED1 nanoparticle to target HER2-overexpressing human breast cancer via an HER2 RNA aptamer to silence MED1 expression. We found that these ultracompact RNA nanoparticles are very stable under RNase A, serum, and 8 M urea conditions. These nanoparticles specifically bound to HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells, efficiently depleted MED1 expression, and significantly decreased ERα-mediated gene transcription, whereas point mutations of the HER2 RNA aptamer on these nanoparticles abolished such functions. The RNA nanoparticles not only reduced the growth, metastasis, and mammosphere formation of the HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells but also sensitized them to tamoxifen treatment. These biosafe nanoparticles efficiently targeted and penetrated into HER2-overexpressing tumors after systemic administration in orthotopic xenograft mouse models. In addition to their ability to greatly inhibit tumor growth and metastasis, these nanoparticles also led to a dramatic reduction in the stem cell content of breast tumors when combined with tamoxifen treatment in vivo. Overall, we have generated multifunctional RNA nanoparticles that specifically targeted HER2-overexpressing human breast cancer, silenced MED1, and overcame tamoxifen resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijuan Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
| | - Marissa Leonard
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
- Graduate Program in Cancer and Cell Biology, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
| | - Yi Shu
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yongguang Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
| | - Dan Shu
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Peixuan Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, and Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Xiaoting Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
- Graduate Program in Cancer and Cell Biology, Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
- Corresponding Author: Tel: 513-558-3017. Fax: 513-558-4454.
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28
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Ford BM, Franks LN, Radominska-Pandya A, Prather PL. Tamoxifen Isomers and Metabolites Exhibit Distinct Affinity and Activity at Cannabinoid Receptors: Potential Scaffold for Drug Development. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167240. [PMID: 27936172 PMCID: PMC5147891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen (Tam) is a selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator (SERM) that is an essential drug to treat ER-positive breast cancer. Aside from known actions at ERs, recent studies have suggested that some SERMs like Tam also exhibit novel activity at cannabinoid subtype 1 and 2 receptors (CB1R and CB2Rs). Interestingly, cis- (E-Tam) and trans- (Z-Tam) isomers of Tam exhibit over a 100-fold difference in affinity for ERs. Therefore, the current study assessed individual isomers of Tam and subsequent cytochrome P450 metabolic products, 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4OHT) and 4-hydroxy-N-desmethyl tamoxifen (End) for affinity and activity at CBRs. Results showed that Z-4OHT, but not Z-Tam or Z-End, exhibits higher affinity for both CB1 and CB2Rs relative to the E-isomer. Furthermore, Z- and E-isomers of Tam and 4OHT show slightly higher affinity for CB2Rs, while both End isomers are relatively CB1R-selective. When functional activity was assessed by G-protein activation and regulation of the downstream effector adenylyl cyclase, all isomers examined act as full CB1 and CB2R inverse agonists. Interestingly, Z-Tam appears to be more efficacious than the full inverse agonist AM630 at CB2Rs, while both Z-Tam and Z-End exhibit characteristics of insurmountable antagonism at CB1 and CB2Rs, respectively. Collectively, these results suggest that the SERMs Tam, 4OHT and End elicit ER-independent actions via CBRs in an isomer-specific manner. As such, this novel structural scaffold might be used to develop therapeutically useful drugs for treatment of a variety of diseases mediated via CBRs.
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MESH Headings
- Adenylyl Cyclases/metabolism
- Animals
- Binding, Competitive
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- CHO Cells
- Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists/metabolism
- Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists/pharmacology
- Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists/metabolism
- Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
- Colforsin/metabolism
- Colforsin/pharmacology
- Cricetinae
- Cricetulus
- Cyclic AMP/metabolism
- Cyclohexanols/metabolism
- Cyclohexanols/pharmacology
- Female
- GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate)/metabolism
- Humans
- Indoles/metabolism
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Isomerism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/agonists
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/agonists
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/metabolism
- Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators/chemistry
- Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators/metabolism
- Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators/pharmacology
- Tamoxifen/analogs & derivatives
- Tamoxifen/chemistry
- Tamoxifen/metabolism
- Tamoxifen/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Ford
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Lirit N. Franks
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Anna Radominska-Pandya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Paul L. Prather
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ho LA, Thomas E, McLaughlin RA, Flematti GR, Fuller RO. A new selective fluorescent probe based on tamoxifen. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:4879-4883. [PMID: 27662800 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Developing targeted validation probes that can interrogate biology is of interest for both chemists and biologists. The synthesis of suitable compounds provides a means for avoiding the costly labeling of cells with specific antibodies and the bias associated with the interpretation of biological validation experiments. The chemotherapeutic agent, tamoxifen has been routinely used in the treatment of breast cancer for decades. Once metabolized, the active form of tamoxifen (4-hydroxytamoxifen) competes with the binding of estrogens to the estrogen receptors (ER). Its selectivity in ER modulation makes it an ideal candidate for the development of materials to be used as chemical probes. Here we report the synthesis of a fluorescent BODIPY®FL conjugate of tamoxifen linked through an ethylene glycol moiety, and present proof-of-principle results in ER positive and ER negative cell lines. Optical microscopy indicates that the fluorescent probe binds selectively to tamoxifen sensitive breast cancer cell lines. The compound showed no affinity for the tamoxifen resistant breast cancer lines. The specificity of the new compound make it a valuable addition to the chemical probe tool kit for estrogen receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa A Ho
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry M310, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Thomas
- School of Surgery M507, The University of Western Australia, QEII Medical Center, Monash Ave, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Robert A McLaughlin
- Australian Research Council Center of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Gavin R Flematti
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry M310, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Rebecca O Fuller
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry M310, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
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Thakur CK, Thotakura N, Kumar R, Kumar P, Singh B, Chitkara D, Raza K. Chitosan-modified PLGA polymeric nanocarriers with better delivery potential for tamoxifen. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:381-389. [PMID: 27586640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is believed as the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in women for which tamoxifen is frequently prescribed. Despite many promises, tamoxifen is associated with various challenges like low hydrophilicity, poor bioavailability and dose-dependent toxicity. Therefore, it was envisioned to develop tamoxifen- loaded chitosan-PLGA micelles for potential safe and better delivery of this promising agent. The chitosan-PLGA copolymer was synthesised and characterised by Fourier Transform-Infrared, Ultraviolet-visible and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopic techniques. The drug-loaded nanocarrier was characterised for drug-pay load, micrometrics, surface charge and morphological attributes. The developed system was evaluated for in-vitro drug release, haemolytic profile, cellular-uptake, anticancer activity by cytotoxicity assay and dermatokinetic studies. The developed nano-system was able to substantially load the drug and control the drug release. The in-vitro cytotoxicity offered by the system was significantly enhanced vis-a-vis plain drug, and there was no substantial haemolysis. The IC50 values were significantly decreased and the nanocarriers were uptaken by MCF-7 cells, noticeably. The carrier was able to locate the drug in the interiors of rat skin in considerable amounts to that of the conventional product. This approach is promising as it provides a biocompatible and effective option for better delivery of tamoxifen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchal Kiran Thakur
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, Dist. Ajmer 305 817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nagarani Thotakura
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, Dist. Ajmer 305 817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajendra Kumar
- UGC-Centre of Excellence in Applications of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles and Nanocomposites, Panjab University, 160 014 Chandigarh, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, Dist. Ajmer 305 817, Rajasthan, India
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- UGC-Centre of Excellence in Applications of Nanomaterials, Nanoparticles and Nanocomposites, Panjab University, 160 014 Chandigarh, India; Division of Pharmaceutics, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, 140 604 Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepak Chitkara
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS)-Pilani, Vidya Vihar Campus, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kaisar Raza
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, Dist. Ajmer 305 817, Rajasthan, India.
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Jena SK, Sangamwar AT. Polymeric micelles of amphiphilic graft copolymer of α-tocopherol succinate-g-carboxymethyl chitosan for tamoxifen delivery: Synthesis, characterization and in vivo pharmacokinetic study. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 151:1162-1174. [PMID: 27474667 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.06.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Novel amphiphilic graft copolymers were prepared from low molecular weight carboxymethyl chitosan (LMW Cmc) and α-tocopherol succinate (TS) via an amidation reaction and confirmed by (1)H NMR and IR spectroscopy. These graft copolymers are self-assembled to nanosized core-shell-structural micelles in an aqueous milieu. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) decreased with an increasing substitution of TS on LMW Cmc, which ranged from 7.94×10(-8) to 1.58×10(-6)g/mL. Cmc-TS4.5 (Cmc-TS with a charged molar ratio of TS to glucosamine units of Cmc∼4.5) was shown maximum TMX loading up to 8.08±0.98%. Both blank and TMX-loaded PM's of Cmc-TS4.5 exhibit spherical shape with particle size below 200nm. An in vitro release study in simulated gastric and intestinal fluid demonstrated that TMX release from TMX-PM4.5 (TMX-PMs prepared with amphiphilic polymer Cmc-TS4.5, and the weight ratio of Cmc-TS4.5 to TMX was 8:1) was slow and pH dependent. In vivo oral absorption study revealed Cmc-TS4.5 based PM's permeated the epithelial barrier via the paracellular route without causing any intestinal damage. In vivo toxicity study demonstrated the safety of PM's after oral administration. Compared to tamoxifen control, TMX-PM4.5 dosed to fasted female Sprague Dawley rats showed a 1.9 fold increase in AUC0-72h. Thus, the results suggested that Cmc-TS micelles are a promising carrier for TMX delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K Jena
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Abhay T Sangamwar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S Nagar 160062, Punjab, India.
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Ma D, Chen L, Wu Y, Liu R. Evaluation of the removal of antiestrogens and antiandrogens via ozone and granular activated carbon using bioassay and fluorescent spectroscopy. Chemosphere 2016; 153:346-355. [PMID: 27027562 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Antiestrogens and antiandrogens are relatively rarely studied endocrine disrupting chemicals which can be found in un/treated wastewaters. Antiestrogens and antiandrogens in the wastewater treatment effluents could contribute to sexual disruption of organisms. In this study, to assess the removal of non-specific antiestrogens and antiandrogens by advanced treatment processes, ozonation and adsorption to granular activated carbon (GAC), the biological activities and excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy of wastewater were evaluated. As the applied ozone dose increased to 12 mg/L, the antiestrogenic activity dramatically decreased to 3.2 μg 4-hydroxytamoxifen equivalent (4HEQ)/L, with a removal efficiency of 84.8%, while the antiandrogenic activity was 23.1 μg flutamide equivalent (FEQ)/L, with a removal efficiency of 75.5%. The removal of antiestrogenic/antiandrogenic activity has high correlation with the removal of fulvic acid-like materials and humic acid-like organics, suggesting that they can be used as surrogates for antiestrogenic/antiandrogenic activity during ozonation. The adsorption kinetics of antiestrogenic activity and antiandrogenic activity were well described by pseudo-second-order kinetics models. The estimated equilibrium concentration of antiestrogenic activity is 7.9 μg 4HEQ/L with an effective removal efficiency of 70.5%, while the equilibrium concentration of antiandrogenic activity is 33.7 μg FEQ/L with a removal efficiency of 67.0%. Biological activity evaluation of wastewater effluents is an attractive way to assess the removal of endocrine disrupting chemicals by different treatment processes. Fluorescence spectroscopy can be used as a surrogate measure of bioassays during ozonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehua Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Lujun Chen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing 314050, China.
| | - Yuchao Wu
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing 314050, China
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Sabzichi M, Samadi N, Mohammadian J, Hamishehkar H, Akbarzadeh M, Molavi O. Sustained release of melatonin: A novel approach in elevating efficacy of tamoxifen in breast cancer treatment. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 145:64-71. [PMID: 27137804 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Finding advanced anti-cancer agents with selective toxicity in tumor tissues is the goal of anticancer delivery systems. This study investigated potential application of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) in increasing melatonin induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. METHODS Melatonin-loaded NLCs were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, cellular uptake, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of new formulation were evaluated by MTT and flow cytometric assays, respectively. Gene expression of apoptotic markers including survivin, Bcl-2 and Bid were examined by Real time quantitative PCR. RESULTS The optimized formulation of NLCs revealed mean particle size of 71±5nm with nearly narrow size distribution. The formulation exhibited an acceptable stability during four months in terms of size and lack of drug release. The IC50 values for melatonin and tamoxifen were 1.3±0.4mM and 30.7±5.2μM, respectively. Melatonin loaded NLCs decreased percentage of cell proliferation from 55±7.2% to 40±4.1% (p<0.05). Co-treatment of the cells with melatonin loaded nanoparticles and tamoxifen caused two fold increase in the percentage of apoptosis (p<0.05). Evaluation of gene expression profile demonstrated a marked decrease in anti-apoptotic survivin with increase in pro-apoptotic Bid mRNA levels. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results suggest NLC technology as a promising delivery system, which elevates the efficacy of chemotherapeutics in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sabzichi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Samadi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Jamal Mohammadian
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Hamishehkar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Akbarzadeh
- Umbilical Cord Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ommoleila Molavi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Xue C, Peng R, Cao Y, Wang S, Shi Y, An X, Xu F, Yuan Z. Ovarian Function, Not Age, Predicts the Benefit from Ovarian Suppression or Ablation for Premenopausal Women with Breast Cancer. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148849. [PMID: 26866810 PMCID: PMC4750981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of adjuvant ovarian suppression or ablation (OS/OA) in premenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer remains controversial. The purpose of our study was to examine which patients might benefit from the addition of OS/OA to tamoxifen. We analyzed the data of 2065 premenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive invasive ductal carcinomas who were treated at Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center from 2000 to 2008. The five-year disease-free survival rate (DFSR) and overall survival rate (OSR) were compared by menstrual status and treatment. Compared with patients older than forty years of age, patients younger than forty years old had significant lower DFSRs and OSRs. The addition of OS/OA to tamoxifen increased the DFSR and OSR of patients with normal menstrual cycles after chemotherapy, regardless of their age at diagnosis. Patients with normal menstrual cycles after chemotherapy are the main beneficiaries of an adjuvant OS/OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xue
- Department of medical oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative innovation center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Roujun Peng
- Department of medical oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative innovation center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Cao
- Department of GCP, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative innovation center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shusen Wang
- Department of medical oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative innovation center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Shi
- Department of medical oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative innovation center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin An
- Department of medical oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative innovation center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of medical oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative innovation center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongyu Yuan
- Department of medical oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative innovation center for Cancer Medicine, 651 Dongfeng East Road, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Kim J, Im CY, Yoo EK, Ma MJ, Kim SB, Hong E, Chin J, Hwang H, Lee S, Kim ND, Jeon JH, Lee IK, Jeon YH, Choi HS, Kim SH, Cho SJ. Identification of Selective ERRγ Inverse Agonists. Molecules 2016; 21:80. [PMID: 26771593 PMCID: PMC6273807 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
GSK5182 (4) is currently one of the lead compounds for the development of estrogen-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) inverse agonists. Here, we report the design, synthesis, pharmacological and in vitro absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity (ADMET) properties of a series of compounds related to 4. Starting from 4, a series of analogs were structurally modified and their ERRγ inverse agonist activity was measured. A key pharmacophore feature of this novel class of ligands is the introduction of a heterocyclic group for A-ring substitution in the core scaffold. Among the tested compounds, several of them are potent ERRγ inverse agonists as determined by binding and functional assays. The most promising compound, 15g, had excellent binding selectivity over related subtypes (IC50 = 0.44, >10, >10, and 10 μM at the ERRγ, ERRα, ERRβ, and ERα subtypes, respectively). Compound 15g also resulted in 95% transcriptional repression at a concentration of 10 μM, while still maintaining an acceptable in vitro ADMET profile. This novel class of ERRγ inverse agonists shows promise in the development of drugs targeting ERRγ-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea.
| | - Chun Young Im
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea.
| | - Eun Kyung Yoo
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea.
| | - Min Jung Ma
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea.
| | - Sang-Bum Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea.
| | - Eunmi Hong
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea.
| | - Jungwook Chin
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea.
| | - Hayoung Hwang
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea.
| | - Sungwoo Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea.
| | - Nam Doo Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea.
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea.
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea.
| | - Yong Hyun Jeon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea.
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals and Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
| | - Seong Heon Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea.
| | - Sung Jin Cho
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea.
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Maruyama EO, Aure MH, Xie X, Myal Y, Gan L, Ovitt CE. Cell-Specific Cre Strains For Genetic Manipulation in Salivary Glands. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146711. [PMID: 26751783 PMCID: PMC4709230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The secretory acinar cells of the salivary gland are essential for saliva secretion, but are also the cell type preferentially lost following radiation treatment for head and neck cancer. The source of replacement acinar cells is currently a matter of debate. There is evidence for the presence of adult stem cells located within specific ductal regions of the salivary glands, but our laboratory recently demonstrated that differentiated acinar cells are maintained without significant stem cell contribution. To enable further investigation of salivary gland cell lineages and their origins, we generated three cell-specific Cre driver mouse strains. For genetic manipulation in acinar cells, an inducible Cre recombinase (Cre-ER) was targeted to the prolactin-induced protein (Pip) gene locus. Targeting of the Dcpp1 gene, encoding demilune cell and parotid protein, labels intercalated duct cells, a putative site of salivary gland stem cells, and serous demilune cells of the sublingual gland. Duct cell-specific Cre expression was attempted by targeting the inducible Cre to the Tcfcp2l1 gene locus. Using the R26Tomato Red reporter mouse, we demonstrate that these strains direct inducible, cell-specific expression. Genetic tracing of acinar cells using PipGCE supports the recent finding that differentiated acinar cells clonally expand. Moreover, tracing of intercalated duct cells expressing DcppGCE confirms evidence of duct cell proliferation, but further analysis is required to establish that renewal of secretory acinar cells is dependent on stem cells within these ducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri O. Maruyama
- Center for Oral Biology; Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States of America
| | - Marit H. Aure
- Center for Oral Biology; Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States of America
| | - Xiaoling Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology; Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Yvonne Myal
- Department of Pathology; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Lin Gan
- Department of Ophthalmology; Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Catherine E. Ovitt
- Center for Oral Biology; Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Varthya M, Pawar H, Singh C, Dora CP, Jena SK, Suresh S. Development of Novel Polymer-Lipid Hybrid Nanoparticles of Tamoxifen: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2016; 16:253-260. [PMID: 27398452 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2016.10651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to develop and investigate the effect of tamoxifen polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (Tmx-PLN) on its oral bioavailability and efficacy in the 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer model. Modified solvent emulsification-evaporation method was optimized to obtain Tmx-PLN, composed of chitosan and lecithin, of 169.66 ± 4.84 nm particle size. The PLN exhibited prolonged in vitro release in phosphate-buffered saline. Further, PLN displayed enhanced oral bioavailability with considerable increase in AUC (1277.46 vs. 585.01 ng/ml · h), pro- longed t½ (27.87 ± 15.62 vs. 10.18 ± 6.5 h) and mean residence time (40.11 ± 25.72 vs. 17.42 ± 12.04 h) in comparison to pure Tmx. In addition, PLN exhibited significantly increased (P < 0.05) antitumor efficacy in DMBA-induced breast cancer model, when administered once in three days in comparison to Tmx daily dosing. This enhancement may be attributed to a probable reduction in Pgp efflux, decreased first-pass metabolism and lymphatic drug transport. Thus, Tmx-PLN exhibited enhanced potential to increase Tmx therapeutic efficacy in chronic treatment of breast cancer.
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Negreira N, Regueiro J, López de Alda M, Barceló D. Transformation of tamoxifen and its major metabolites during water chlorination: Identification and in silico toxicity assessment of their disinfection byproducts. Water Res 2015; 85:199-207. [PMID: 26320721 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The selective estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen is the most commonly used drug for the treatment and prevention of breast cancer. Tamoxifen is considered as a pro-drug since it is known to exert its pharmacological effect through its major active metabolites, 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen and 4-hydroxy-N-desmethyl-tamoxifen, which are mainly excreted in the urine in the days following administration. In the present work, the reactivity of tamoxifen and its major active metabolites in free chlorine-containing water was investigated for the first time. Under the studied chlorination conditions, tamoxifen was fairly stable whereas its metabolites were quickly degraded. A total of thirteen chlorinated byproducts were tentatively identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry. Time-course profiles of the identified byproducts were followed in real wastewater samples under conditions that simulate wastewater disinfection. A preliminary assessment of their acute aquatic toxicity at two trophic levels by means of quantitative structure-activity relationship models showed that the identified byproducts were up to 110-fold more toxic than the parent compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Negreira
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Regueiro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Ourense Campus, University of Vigo, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Miren López de Alda
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Damià Barceló
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, E-17003 Girona, Spain
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Zhang C, Zhong Q, Zhang Q, Zheng S, Miele L, Wang G. Boronic prodrug of endoxifen as an effective hormone therapy for breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 152:283-91. [PMID: 26071758 PMCID: PMC4524496 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3461-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
As a prodrug, tamoxifen is activated by the P450 enzyme CYP2D6 that is responsible for converting it to the active metabolites, 4-hydroxytamoxifen and endoxifen. Patients with genetic polymorphisms of CYP2D6 may not receive the full benefit of tamoxifen therapy. There is increasing evidence that poor metabolizer patients have lower plasma concentrations of endoxifen and suffer worse disease outcome, although some clinical studies reported no correlation between CYP2D6 polymorphism and tamoxifen therapy outcome. Endoxifen is currently undergoing clinical trials as a potentially improved and more potent SERM (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator) for endocrine therapy that is independent of CYP2D6 status in patients. However, direct administration of endoxifen may present the problem of low bioavailability due to its rapid first-pass metabolism via O-glucuronidation. We have designed and synthesized ZB483, a boronic prodrug of endoxifen suitable for oral administration with greatly enhanced bioavailability by increasing the concentration of endoxifen in mouse blood. Our study demonstrated that ZB483 potently inhibited growth of ER+ breast cancer cells in vitro and was efficiently converted to endoxifen in cell culture media by oxidative deboronation. This metabolic conversion is equally efficient in vivo as indicated in the pharmacokinetic study in mice. Moreover, when administered at the same dose, oral ZB483 afforded a 30- to 40-fold higher plasma level of endoxifen in mice than oral administration of endoxifen. The significantly enhanced bioavailability of endoxifen conferred by the boronic prodrug was further validated in an in vivo efficacy study. ZB483 was demonstrated to be more efficacious than endoxifen in inhibiting xenograft tumor growth in mice at equal dosage but more so at lower dosage. Together, these preclinical studies demonstrate that ZB483 is a promising endocrine therapy agent with markedly enhanced bioavailability in systemic circulation and superior efficacy compared to endoxifen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changde Zhang
- RCMI Cancer Research Center, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA, 70125, USA
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Jena SK, Suresh S, Sangamwar AT. Modulation of tamoxifen-induced hepatotoxicity by tamoxifen-phospholipid complex. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 67:1198-206. [PMID: 25904227 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tamoxifen (TMX), a non-steroidal antiestrogen is a first-line drug in the treatment and prevention of all stages of estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer. However, oxidative liver damage and hepatocarcinoma are the major problems associated with its long-term clinical use. The aim of this study was to investigate the ameliorative effect of phospholipid against TMX-induced hepatotoxicity. METHODS Fifteen female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups with five rats in each group. Group I received only standard diet and distilled water for 28 days and served as normal. Group II received TMX per day p.o., for 28 days and served as control, and group III received TMX-phospholipid complex (TMX-PLC) per day p.o., for 28 days. Rats were examined for the effect of phospholipid on TMX-induced depletion of antioxidant enzymes, serum biochemical parameters and induction of lipid peroxidation. KEY FINDINGS Treatment with TMX-PLC significantly ameliorates the TMX-induced hepatotoxicity by diminishing the toxicity markers such lipid peroxidation, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase, accompanied by an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity in TMX-treated rats. Histological findings further confirmed the hepatoprotective effect of phospholipid. CONCLUSIONS Data of the present study suggests that phospholipid may prove as a useful component of combination therapy in cancer patients under the TMX treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K Jena
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Sarasija Suresh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Punjab, India
| | - Abhay T Sangamwar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, Punjab, India
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Orias F, Simon L, Perrodin Y. Experimental assessment of the bioconcentration of (15)N-tamoxifen in Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Chemosphere 2015; 122:251-256. [PMID: 25522849 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, pharmaceutical compounds (PC) are ubiquitous in aquatic ecosystems. In addition to direct ecotoxicity, the bioconcentration of PC in organisms is a phenomenon which could have an impact on the whole ecosystem. In order to study this phenomenon, we exposed unicellular algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) to (15)N-tamoxifen, an anticancer drug labelled with a stable nitrogen isotope used as a tracer. By measuring (15)N enrichment over time, we were able to measure the increase of tamoxifen content in algae. This enrichment was measured by an elemental analyser coupled with an isotopic ratio mass spectrometer (EA-IRMS). Algal cells were exposed for 7d to 3 concentrations of tamoxifen: 1, 10 and 100μgL(-1). Our result shows a high bioconcentration in algae from the first minutes of contact. The highest bioconcentration factor measured is around 26500. We also observe that bioconcentration is not linked to the exposure concentration. This study is the first to use stable isotopes in order to monitor PCs in aquatic organisms such as algae. The use of stable isotopes in ecotoxicology offers interesting perspectives in the field of contaminant transfer in organisms and along the trophic web.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Orias
- Université de Lyon, ENTPE, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5023 LEHNA, 2 Rue Maurice Audin, 69518 Vaulx-en-Velin, France.
| | - Laurent Simon
- Université de Lyon, ENTPE, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5023 LEHNA, 2 Rue Maurice Audin, 69518 Vaulx-en-Velin, France
| | - Yves Perrodin
- Université de Lyon, ENTPE, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5023 LEHNA, 2 Rue Maurice Audin, 69518 Vaulx-en-Velin, France
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Bilge D, Sahin I, Kazanci N, Severcan F. Interactions of tamoxifen with distearoyl phosphatidylcholine multilamellar vesicles: FTIR and DSC studies. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2014; 130:250-256. [PMID: 24792199 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Interactions of a non-steroidal antiestrogen drug, tamoxifen (TAM), with distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DSPC) multilamellar liposomes (MLVs) were investigated as a function of drug concentration (1-15 mol%) by using two noninvasive techniques, namely Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). FTIR spectroscopy results show that increasing TAM concentrations (except 1 mol%) increased the wavenumbers of the CH2 stretching modes, implying an disordering effect for DSPC MLVs both in the gel and liquid crystalline phases. The bandwidth values of the CH2 stretchings except for 1 mol% increased when TAM concentrations increased for DSPC liposomes, indicating an increase in the dynamics of liposomes. The CO stretching and PO2- antisymmetric double bond stretching bands were analyzed to study interactions of TAM with head groups of lipids. As the concentrations of TAM increased, dehydration occurred around these functional groups in the polar part of the lipids. The DSC studies on thermal properties of DSPC lipids indicate that TAM eliminated the pre transition, shifted the main phase transition to lower temperatures and broadened the phase transition curve of the liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Bilge
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ipek Sahin
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Nadide Kazanci
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100 İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Feride Severcan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, Turkey
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Chakraborty S, Biswas PK. Structural insights into selective agonist actions of tamoxifen on human estrogen receptor alpha. J Mol Model 2014; 20:2338. [PMID: 25060147 PMCID: PMC4379705 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-014-2338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Tamoxifen-an anti-estrogenic ligand in breast tissues used as a first-line treatment in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers-is associated with the development of resistance followed by resumption of tumor growth in about 30 % of cases. Whether tamoxifen assists in proliferation in such cases or whether any ligand-independent pathway to transcription exists is not fully understood; also, no ERα mutants have been detected so far that could lead to tamoxifen resistance. Using in silico conformational analysis of the ERα ligand binding domain (LBD), in the absence and presence of selective agonist (diethylstilbestrol; DES), antagonist (Faslodex; ICI), and selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM; 4-hydroxy tamoxifen; 4-OHT) ligands, we have elucidated ligand-responsive structural modulations of the ERα-LBD dimer in its agonist and antagonist complexes to address the issue of "tamoxifen resistance". DES and ICI were found to stabilize the dimer in their agonist and antagonist conformations, respectively. The ERα-LBD dimer without the presence of any bound ligand also led to a stable structure in agonist conformation. However, binding of 4-OHT to the antagonist structure led to a flexible conformation allowing the protein to visit conformations populated by agonists as was evident from principal component analysis and radius of gyration plots. Further, the relaxed conformations of the 4-OHT bound protein exhibited a diminished size of the co-repressor binding pocket in the LBD, thus signaling a partial blockage of the co-repressor binding motif. Thus, the ability of 4-OHT-bound ERα-LBD to assume flexible conformations visited by agonists and reduced co-repressor binding surface at the LBD provide crucial structural insights into tamoxifen-resistance that complement our existing understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Chakraborty
- Laboratory of Computational Biophysics & Bioengineering Department of Physics, Tougaloo College, Tougaloo MS 39174, USA
- Saroj Mohan Institute of Technology, Hooghly, West Bengal, India
| | - P. K. Biswas
- Laboratory of Computational Biophysics & Bioengineering Department of Physics, Tougaloo College, Tougaloo MS 39174, USA
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Lu J, He C, He G, Wang X, Xu Y, Wu Y, Dong Y, Ouyang G. Structural elucidation of new urinary tamoxifen metabolites by liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 2014; 49:570-578. [PMID: 25044841 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, tamoxifen metabolic profiles were investigated carefully. Tamoxifen was administered to two healthy male volunteers and one female patient suffering from breast cancer. Urinary extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry using full scan and targeted MS/MS techniques with accurate mass measurement. Chromatographic peaks for potential metabolites were selected by using the theoretical [M + H](+) as precursor ion in full-scan experiment and m/z 72, 58 or 44 as characteristic product ions for N,N-dimethyl, N-desmethyl and N,N-didesmethyl metabolites in targeted MS/MS experiment, respectively. Tamoxifen and 37 metabolites were detected in extraction study samples. Chemical structures of seven unreported metabolites were elucidated particularly on the basis of fragmentation patterns observed for these metabolites. Several metabolic pathways containing mono- and di-hydroxylation, methoxylation, N-desmethylation, N,N-didesmethylation, oxidation and combinations were suggested. All the metabolites were detected in the urine samples up to 1 week.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghai Lu
- National Anti-doping Laboratory, China Anti-Doping Agency, 1st Anding Road, ChaoYang District, Beijing, 100029, China
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Liu X, Matsushima A, Shimohigashi M, Shimohigashi Y. A characteristic back support structure in the bisphenol A-binding pocket in the human nuclear receptor ERRγ. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101252. [PMID: 24978476 PMCID: PMC4076284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) affects various genes and hormones even at merely physiological levels. We recently demonstrated that BPA binds strongly to human nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor (ERR) γ and that the phenol-A group of BPA is in a receptacle pocket with essential amino acid residues to provide structural support at the backside. This led BPA to bind to ERRγ in an induced-fit-type binding mode, for example, with a rotated motion of Val313 to support the Tyr326-binding site. A similar binding mechanism appears to occur at the binding site of the BPA phenol-B ring. X-ray crystal analysis of the ERRγ-ligand-binding domain/BPA complex suggested that the ERRγ receptor residues Leu342, Leu345, Asn346, and Ile349 function as intrinsic binding sites of the BPA phenol-B, whereas Leu265, Leu268, Ile310, Val313, Leu324, Tyr330, Lys430, Ala431, and His434 work as structural elements to assist these binding sites. In the present study, by evaluating the mutant receptors replaced by a series of amino acids, we demonstrated that a finely assembled structural network indeed exists around the two adjacent Leu342-Asn346 and Leu345-Ile349 ridges on the same α-helix 7 (H7), constructing a part of the binding pocket structure with back support residues for the BPA phenol-B ring. The results reveal that the double-layer binding sites, namely, the ordinary ligand binding sites and their back support residues, substantiate the strong binding of BPA to ERRγ. When ERRγ-Asn346 was replaced by the corresponding Gly and Tyr in ERRα and ERRβ, respectively, the binding affinity of BPA and even 4-hydroxytamxifen (4-OHT) is much reduced. Asn346 was found to be one of the residues that make ERRγ to be exclusive to BPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Liu
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, and Risk Science Research Center, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ayami Matsushima
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, and Risk Science Research Center, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miki Shimohigashi
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Shimohigashi
- Laboratory of Structure-Function Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, and Risk Science Research Center, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Chakraborty S, Levenson AS, Biswas PK. Structural insights into Resveratrol's antagonist and partial agonist actions on estrogen receptor alpha. BMC Struct Biol 2013; 13:27. [PMID: 24160181 PMCID: PMC4015837 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6807-13-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resveratrol, a naturally occurring stilbene, has been categorized as a phytoestrogen due to its ability to compete with natural estrogens for binding to estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and modulate the biological responses exerted by the receptor. Biological effects of resveratrol (RES) on estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) remain highly controversial, since both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic properties were observed. RESULTS Here, we provide insight into the structural basis of the agonist/antagonist effects of RES on ERα ligand binding domain (LBD). Using atomistic simulation, we found that RES bound ERα monomer in antagonist conformation, where Helix 12 moves away from the ligand pocket and orients into the co-activator binding groove of LBD, is more stable than RES bound ERα in agonist conformation, where Helix 12 lays over the ligand binding pocket. Upon dimerization, the agonistic conformation of RES-ERα dimer becomes more stable compared to the corresponding monomer but still remains less stable compared to the corresponding dimer in antagonist conformation. Interestingly, while the binding pocket and the binding contacts of RES to ERα are similar to those of pure agonist diethylstilbestrol (DES), the binding energy is much less and the hydrogen bonding contacts also differ providing clues for the partial agonistic character of RES on ERα. CONCLUSIONS Our Molecular Dynamics simulation of RES-ERα structures with agonist and antagonist orientations of Helix 12 suggests RES action is more similar to Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM) opening up the importance of cellular environment and active roles of co-regulator proteins in a given system. Our study reveals that potential co-activators must compete with the Helix 12 and displace it away from the activator binding groove to enhance the agonistic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Chakraborty
- Laboratory of Computational Biophysics & Bioengineering, Department of Physics, Tougaloo College, 500 West County Line Road, Toogaloo, MS 39174, USA
- Saroj Mohan Institute of Technology, Hooghly, West Bengal 712512, India
| | - Anait S Levenson
- Cancer Institute and Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39202, USA
| | - Pradip K Biswas
- Laboratory of Computational Biophysics & Bioengineering, Department of Physics, Tougaloo College, 500 West County Line Road, Toogaloo, MS 39174, USA
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Turpeinen M, Uusitalo J, Lehtinen T, Kailajärvi M, Pelkonen O, Vuorinen J, Tapanainen P, Stjernschantz C, Lammintausta R, Scheinin M. Effects of ospemifene on drug metabolism mediated by cytochrome P450 enzymes in humans in vitro and in vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:14064-75. [PMID: 23880855 PMCID: PMC3742231 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140714064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of these investigations was to determine the possible effects of the novel selective estrogen receptor modulator, ospemifene, on cytochrome P450 (CYP)-mediated drug metabolism. Ospemifene underwent testing for possible effects on CYP enzyme activity in human liver microsomes and in isolated human hepatocytes. Based on the results obtained in vitro, three Phase 1 crossover pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in healthy postmenopausal women to assess the in vivo effects of ospemifene on CYP-mediated drug metabolism. Ospemifene and its main metabolites 4-hydroxyospemifene and 4′-hydroxyospemifene weakly inhibited a number of CYPs (CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2C8, and CYP2D6) in vitro. However, only CYP2C9 activity was inhibited by 4-hydroxyospemifene at clinically relevant concentrations. Induction of CYPs by ospemifene in cultured human hepatocytes was 2.4-fold or less. The in vivo studies showed that ospemifene did not have significant effects on the areas under the plasma concentration-time curves of the tested CYP substrates warfarin (CYP2C9), bupropion (CYP2B6) and omeprazole (CYP2C19), demonstrating that pretreatment with ospemifene did not alter their metabolism. Therefore, the risk that ospemifene will affect the pharmacokinetics of drugs that are substrates for CYP enzymes is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miia Turpeinen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu 90230, Finland; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +358-50-350-5857; Fax: +358-8-537-5347
| | | | - Terhi Lehtinen
- Clinical Research Services Turku, Institute of Biomedicine, Turku 20520, Finland; E-Mails: (T.L.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Marita Kailajärvi
- Clinical Research Services Turku, Institute of Biomedicine, Turku 20520, Finland; E-Mails: (T.L.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
| | - Olavi Pelkonen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu 90230, Finland; E-Mail:
| | | | | | | | | | - Mika Scheinin
- Clinical Research Services Turku, Institute of Biomedicine, Turku 20520, Finland; E-Mails: (T.L.); (M.K.); (M.S.)
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Inlay MA, Choe V, Bharathi S, Fernhoff NB, Baker JR, Weissman IL, Choi SK. Synthesis of a photocaged tamoxifen for light-dependent activation of Cre-ER recombinase-driven gene modification. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:4971-3. [PMID: 23612712 PMCID: PMC3926663 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc42179a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We report the design of a water-soluble, quaternized tamoxifen photoprobe and demonstrate its application in light-controlled induction of green fluorescent protein expression via a Cre-ER recombinase system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Inlay
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Veronica Choe
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sophia Bharathi
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Nathaniel B. Fernhoff
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - James R. Baker
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Irving L. Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Seok Ki Choi
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Goyal S, Thorson MR, Schneider CL, Zhang GGZ, Gong Y, Kenis PJA. A microfluidic platform for evaporation-based salt screening of pharmaceutical parent compounds. Lab Chip 2013; 13:1708-1723. [PMID: 23478750 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc41271g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We describe a microfluidic platform to screen for salt forms of pharmaceutical compounds (PCs) via controlled evaporation. The platform enables on-chip combinatorial mixing of PC and salt former solutions in a 24-well array (~200 nL/well), which is a drastic reduction in the amount of PC needed per condition screened compared to traditional screening approaches that require ~100 μL/well. The reduced sample needs enable salt screening at a much earlier stage in the drug development process, when only limited quantities of PCs are available. Compatibility with (i) solvents commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry, and (ii) Raman spectroscopy for solid form identification was ensured by using a hybrid microfluidic platform. A thin layer of elastomeric PDMS was utilized to retain pneumatic valving capabilities. This layer is sandwiched between layers of cyclic-olefin copolymer, a material with low air and solvent permeability and low Raman background to yield a physically rigid and Raman compatible chip. A solvent-impermeable thiolene layer patterned with evaporation channels permits control over the rate of solvent evaporation. Control over the rate of solvent evaporation (2-15 nL h(-1)) results in consistent, known rates of increase in the supersaturation levels attained on-chip, and increases the probability for crystalline solids to form. The modular nature of the platform enables on-chip Raman and birefringence analysis of the solid forms. Model compounds, tamoxifen and ephedrine, were used to validate the platform's ability to screen for salts. On-chip Raman analysis helped to identify six different salts each of tamoxifen and ephedrine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachit Goyal
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Shete H, Patravale V. Long chain lipid based tamoxifen NLC. Part I: preformulation studies, formulation development and physicochemical characterization. Int J Pharm 2013; 454:573-83. [PMID: 23535345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Tamoxifen citrate (Tmx) was formulated in nanostructured lipid carrier system (NLC) using long chain solid lipids (LCSL) and oils (LCO) with the aim to target lymphatic system to improve its bioavailability in plasma and lymphnode (initial sites for metastasis) and reduce its drug associated toxicity. Tamoxifen loaded NLC (Tmx-NLC) was formulated using solvent diffusion technique. Preformulation studies comprised evaluation of drug-excipients compatibility. Solubility of Tmx was screened in LCSL and LCO, surfactants and co-surfactants to identify NLC components. Surfactant co-surfactant combinations were studied for their ability to stabilize the system. Tmx-NLC was physicochemically characterized by TEM, DSC, XRD, and FTIR studies. Drug-excipients chemical compatibility study facilitated anticipation of excipients induced oxidative degradation of Tmx. Suitable storage condition below 30°C could stabilize Tmx. Tmx-NLC with >90% entrapment efficiency and 215.60 ± 7.98 nm particle size were prepared and freeze dried. Freeze dried Tmx-NLC could withstand various gastrointestinal tract (GI) media (pH 1.2, pH 3.5, pH 4.5, pH 6.8, pH 7.4). Dissolution profile of Tmx-NLC in various media showed sustained release pattern irrespective of pH of medium. No significant change in characteristics of Tmx-NLC was observed after 3 months of accelerated stability studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshad Shete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India
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