1
|
Williams Louie E, Nieto J, Wensley F, Morgan JM, Finno CJ, Berryhill EH. Efficacy of the oral supplement, Equine Omega Complete, for the prevention of gastric ulcers and alpha-tocopherol supplementation in horses. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:2529-2534. [PMID: 37775973 PMCID: PMC10658587 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omega-3 fatty acid and alpha-tocopherol supplementation reduces gastric ulcer formation in humans and rodents; however, efficacy of prevention in horses is unknown. Equine Omega Complete (EOC) is an oral supplement containing omega-3 fatty acids and alpha-tocopherol. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVE Determine if EOC supplementation prevents gastric ulcers and increases serum alpha-tocopherol concentrations in healthy horses. ANIMALS Nine thoroughbred geldings; 5-13 years old. METHODS Prospective randomized block design, repeated in crossover model. Horses were administered EOC, omeprazole, or water PO for 28 days. Horses underwent an established gastric ulcer induction protocol from days 21-28 via intermittent feed deprivation. Gastroscopies were performed on days 0, 21, and 28. Serum alpha-tocopherol concentrations were measured on days 0 and 28. The effects of treatment and time on ulcer grades were assessed with ordinal logistic regression, with significance at P-value <.05. RESULTS Ulcer grades increased during ulcer induction in control and EOC but not omeprazole groups (P = .02). Grades increased in EOC-treated horses after ulcer induction from a median of 1 [95% confidence interval 0-2.5] (day 0) to 2.5 [1.5-3.5] (day 28) and were similar to the control group (P = .54). Serum alpha-tocopherol increased in EOC-treated horses from day 0 to day 28 (mean 2.2 ± 0.43 μg/mL to 2.96 ± 0.89 μg/mL; P < .001) with high individual variation; this increase was not different from omeprazole or control groups. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Supplementation with EOC for 28 days did not prevent gastric ulcer formation nor increase alpha-tocopherol concentrations relative to the control group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Williams Louie
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Teaching HospitalUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jorge Nieto
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Fiona Wensley
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Teaching HospitalUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jessica M. Morgan
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Carrie J. Finno
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Emily H. Berryhill
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Itoo AM, Paul M, Ghosh B, Biswas S. Oxaliplatin delivery via chitosan/vitamin E conjugate micelles for improved efficacy and MDR-reversal in breast cancer. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 282:119108. [PMID: 35123744 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A bioinspired chitosan/vitamin E conjugate (Ch/VES, 1:4) was synthesized, optimized based on chitosan's molecular weight (15, 300 kDa), and was assembled to entrap oxaliplatin (OXPt). 1H NMR, infrared spectroscopy, chromatography, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, drug release, hemolysis, and stability studies were performed to characterize OXPt@Ch/VES micelles. The therapeutic efficacy of the micelles was tested in vitro in ER+/PR+/HER2- and triple-negative sensitive/resistant breast cancer cells, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 via cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, nuclear staining, DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS generation, apoptosis, and cell cycle assays and in vivo using 4T1(Luc)-tumor-bearing mice. OXPt@Ch/VES Ms exhibited decreased IC50 towards MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 (sensitive/resistant) than OXPt. OXPt@Ch/VES Ms caused extensive DNA damage, mitochondrial depolarization, apoptosis, and cell-growth arrest (G2/M). OXPt@Ch/VES Ms treatment retarded tumor growth significantly, prolonged survival, and decreased nephrotoxicity than OXPt. The OXPt@Ch/VES Ms could serve as a potential nanomedicine to overcome conventional OXPt-mediated drug resistance/nephrotoxicity in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asif Mohd Itoo
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Milan Paul
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Swati Biswas
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ruiz-Tovar J, Llavero C. Perianal Application of Glyceryl Trinitrate Ointment Versus Tocopherol Acetate Ointment in the Treatment of Chronic Anal Fissure: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Dis Colon Rectum 2022; 65:406-412. [PMID: 34803148 DOI: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000002120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical treatment, including glyceryl trinitrate ointment, represents the first step for the management of chronic anal fissure. However, glyceryl trinitrate ointment is associated with headache and, consequently, a high withdrawal rate of the treatment. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the topical application of tocopherol acetate ointment on pain relief and chronic anal fissure epithelialization, comparing it with the effect of a standard treatment with glyceryl trinitrate ointment. DESIGN This is a 2-parallel-group, single-center, randomized controlled, intent-to-treat clinical trial. SETTINGS This study was conducted at the Garcilaso Clinic affiliated with Universidad Alfonso X (Madrid, Spain). PATIENTS Patients with chronic anal fissure were selected. INTERVENTIONS Patients were randomly assigned into 2 groups: patients receiving tocopherol acetate ointment and patients receiving glyceryl trinitrate ointment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary end point was quantification of anal pain 8 weeks after beginning the treatment as measured by a Visual Analogue Scale ranging from 0 to 100 mm. The secondary end points were the healing rate (during the treatment period of 8 weeks) and the recurrence rate. RESULTS One hundred sixty consecutive patients were treated, 80 in each group. By 8 weeks after treatment, mean anal pain score declined by 56.2 mm in the glyceryl trinitrate ointment group compared with a mean anal pain score decline of 67.1 mm in the tocopherol acetate ointment group (mean difference, 10.9 mm (95% CI, 4.3-18.6); p = 0.018). Sixteen weeks after finishing the therapy, the recurrence rate was 13.2% in the glyceryl trinitrate ointment group vs 2.9 in the tocopherol acetate ointment group (p = 0.031). LIMITATIONS Limitations of the study include the absence of manometric measurements of the internal anal sphincter before and after the treatments and the use of glyceryl trinitrate ointment as an active comparator, whereas calcium channel blockers are actually the standard treatment. CONCLUSIONS Anal pain was significantly lower in the tocopherol acetate ointment group than in the glyceryl trinitrate ointment group at 8 weeks after treatment. Tocopherol acetate ointment achieved a greater healing rate and a lower recurrence rate 16 weeks after finishing the treatment. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B751. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Identifier: NCT03787030.APLICACIÓN PERIANAL DE POMADA DE TRINITRATO DE GLICERILO FRENTE A LA POMADA DE ACETATO DE TOCOFEROL EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE LA FISURA ANAL CRÓNICA: UN ENSAYO CLÍNICO ALEATORIZADOANTECEDENTES:El tratamiento médico, incluida la pomada de trinitrato de glicerilo, representa el primer paso para el tratamiento de la fisura anal crónica. Sin embargo, la pomada de trinitrato de glicerilo se asocia con cefalea y, en consecuencia, una alta tasa de cancelación del tratamiento.OBJETIVO:El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la aplicación tópica de pomada de acetato de tocoferol en el alivio del dolor y la epitelización de la fisura anal crónica, comparándolo con el efecto de un tratamiento estándar con pomada de trinitrato de glicerilo.DISEÑO:Ensayo clínico con intención de tratar controlado, aleatorizado, de un solo centro, con dos grupos paralelos.ESCENARIO:Clínica Garcilaso adscrita a la Universidad Alfonso X (Madrid, España).PACIENTES:Pacientes con fisura anal crónica.INTERVENCIONES:Los pacientes fueron aleatorizados en 2 grupos: pacientes que recibieron pomada de acetato de tocoferol y pacientes que recibieron pomada de trinitrato de glicerilo.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:El criterio de valoración principal fue la cuantificación del dolor anal 8 semanas después de comenzar el tratamiento, medido por la escala analógica visual que varía de 0 a 100 mm. Los criterios de valoración secundarios fueron la tasa de curación (durante el período de tratamiento de 8 semanas) y la tasa de recurrencia.RESULTADOS:Se trataron ciento sesenta pacientes consecutivos, 80 en cada grupo. A las ocho semanas después del tratamiento, la puntuación media de dolor anal se redujo en 56.2 mm en el grupo de pomada de trinitrato de glicerilo en comparación con una disminución de la puntuación de dolor anal medio de 67.1 mm en el grupo de pomada de acetato de tocoferol (diferencia media: 10.9 mm (intervalo de confianza del 95%; 4.3 a 18.6; p = 0.018) Dieciséis semanas después de finalizar la terapia, la tasa de recurrencia fue del 13.2% en el grupo de pomada de trinitrato de glicerilo frente a 2.9 en el grupo de pomada de acetato de tocoferol (p = 0.031).LIMITACIONES:Ausencia de medidas manométricas del esfínter anal interno antes y después de los tratamientos. Ungüento de trinitrato de glicerilo como comparador activo, mientras que los bloqueadores de los canales de calcio son en realidad el tratamiento estándar de oro.CONCLUSIONES:El dolor anal fue significativamente menor en el grupo de ungüento de acetato de tocoferol que en el grupo de ungüento de trinitrato de glicerilo a las 8 semanas después del tratamiento. La pomada de acetato de tocoferol logró una mayor tasa de curación y una menor tasa de recurrencia 16 semanas después de finalizar el tratamiento. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B751. (Traducción-Dr. Jorge Silva Velazco).
Collapse
|
4
|
Pillet S, Arunachalam PS, Andreani G, Golden N, Fontenot J, Aye PP, Röltgen K, Lehmicke G, Gobeil P, Dubé C, Trépanier S, Charland N, D'Aoust MA, Russell-Lodrigue K, Monjure C, Blair RV, Boyd SD, Bohm RP, Rappaport J, Villinger F, Landry N, Pulendran B, Ward BJ. Safety, immunogenicity, and protection provided by unadjuvanted and adjuvanted formulations of a recombinant plant-derived virus-like particle vaccine candidate for COVID-19 in nonhuman primates. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:222-233. [PMID: 34983950 PMCID: PMC8727235 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00809-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although antivirals are important tools to control severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, effective vaccines are essential to control the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Plant-derived virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine candidates have previously demonstrated immunogenicity and efficacy against influenza. Here, we report the immunogenicity and protection induced in rhesus macaques by intramuscular injections of a VLP bearing a SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (CoVLP) vaccine candidate formulated with or without Adjuvant System 03 (AS03) or cytidine-phospho-guanosine (CpG) 1018. Although a single dose of the unadjuvanted CoVLP vaccine candidate stimulated humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, booster immunization (at 28 days after priming) and adjuvant administration significantly improved both responses, with higher immunogenicity and protection provided by the AS03-adjuvanted CoVLP. Fifteen micrograms of CoVLP adjuvanted with AS03 induced a polyfunctional interleukin-2 (IL-2)-driven response and IL-4 expression in CD4 T cells. Animals were challenged by multiple routes (i.e., intratracheal, intranasal, and ocular) with a total viral dose of 106 plaque-forming units of SARS-CoV-2. Lower viral replication in nasal swabs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) as well as fewer SARS-CoV-2-infected cells and immune cell infiltrates in the lungs concomitant with reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemotactic factors in the BALF were observed in animals immunized with the CoVLP adjuvanted with AS03. No clinical, pathologic, or virologic evidence of vaccine-associated enhanced disease was observed in vaccinated animals. The CoVLP adjuvanted with AS03 was therefore selected for vaccine development and clinical trials.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/adverse effects
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- COVID-19/epidemiology
- COVID-19/immunology
- COVID-19/prevention & control
- COVID-19/virology
- COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage
- COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Combinations
- Drug Compounding/methods
- Immunity, Humoral
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine/immunology
- Macaca mulatta
- Male
- Pandemics/prevention & control
- Polysorbates/administration & dosage
- Polysorbates/adverse effects
- Recombinant Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- SARS-CoV-2/immunology
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/metabolism
- Squalene/administration & dosage
- Squalene/adverse effects
- Nicotiana/metabolism
- Treatment Outcome
- Vaccination/methods
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle/adverse effects
- alpha-Tocopherol/administration & dosage
- alpha-Tocopherol/adverse effects
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Prabhu S Arunachalam
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Nadia Golden
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, USA
| | - Jane Fontenot
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA, USA
| | | | - Katharina Röltgen
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Robert V Blair
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, USA
| | - Scott D Boyd
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rudolf P Bohm
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, USA
| | - Jay Rappaport
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - François Villinger
- New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA, USA
| | | | - Bali Pulendran
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation & Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Brian J Ward
- Medicago Inc., Québec, QC, Canada.
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dubé C, Paris-Robidas S, Primakova I, Destexhe E, Ward BJ, Landry N, Trépanier S. Lack of effects on female fertility or pre- and postnatal development of offspring in rats after exposure to AS03-adjuvanted recombinant plant-derived virus-like particle vaccine candidate for COVID-19. Reprod Toxicol 2022; 107:69-80. [PMID: 34838689 PMCID: PMC8611889 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection resulting in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has afflicted tens of millions of people in a worldwide pandemic. A recently developed recombinant Plant-Derived Virus-Like Particle Vaccine candidate for COVID-19 (CoVLP) formulated with AS03 has been shown to be well-tolerated and highly immunogenic in healthy adults. Since the target population for the vaccine includes women of childbearing potential, the objective of the study was to evaluate any untoward prenatal and postnatal effects of AS03-adjuvanted CoVLP administered intramuscularly to Sprague-Dawley female rats before cohabitation for mating (22 and 8 days prior) and during gestation (Gestation Days [GD] 6 and 19). The embryo-fetal development (EFD) cohort was subjected to cesarean on GD 21 and the pre/post-natal (PPN) cohort was allowed to naturally deliver. Effects of AS03-adjuvanted CoVLP was evaluated on pregnant rats, embryo-fetal development (EFD), during parturition, lactation and the development of the F1 offspring up to weaning Vaccination with AS03-adjuvanted CoVLP induced an antibody response in F0 females and anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific maternal antibodies were detected in the offspring at the end of the gestation and lactation periods. Overall, there was no evidence of untoward effects of AS03-adjuvanted CoVLP on the fertility or reproductive performance of the vaccinated F0 females. There was no evidence of untoward effects on embryo-fetal development (including teratogenicity), or early (pre-weaning) development of the F1 offspring. These results support the acceptable safety profile of the AS03-adjuvanted CoVLP vaccine for administration to women of childbearing potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Dubé
- Medicago Inc., 1020 route de l'Église office 600, Québec, QC, G1V 3V9, Canada
| | - Sarah Paris-Robidas
- Medicago Inc., 1020 route de l'Église office 600, Québec, QC, G1V 3V9, Canada
| | - Iryna Primakova
- Charles River Laboratories Montreal ULC, 22022 Transcanadienne, Senneville, QC, H9X 3R3, Canada
| | - Eric Destexhe
- GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rue de l'Institut 89, 1330, Rixensart, Belgium
| | - Brian J Ward
- Medicago Inc., 1020 route de l'Église office 600, Québec, QC, G1V 3V9, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie St, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Nathalie Landry
- Medicago Inc., 1020 route de l'Église office 600, Québec, QC, G1V 3V9, Canada
| | - Sonia Trépanier
- Medicago Inc., 1020 route de l'Église office 600, Québec, QC, G1V 3V9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mohammad A, Falahi E, Barakatun-Nisak MY, Hanipah ZN, Redzwan SM, Yusof LM, Gheitasvand M, Rezaie F. Systematic review and meta-analyses of vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) supplementation and blood lipid parameters in patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021; 15:102158. [PMID: 34186370 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The studies have shown that α-tocopherol supplementation could improve lipid profile in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Nonetheless, the result remains inconsistent. Therefore, this meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy of α-tocopherol supplement on lipid parameters in DM patients. METHODS We conducted an extensive search via Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to acquire the reported RCTs up to October 2020. RESULTS The results showed no effects of α-tocopherol supplementation on lipid profile in DM patients except when used ≥12 weeks. CONCLUSIONS α-tocopherol supplementation in DM patients had no significant effect on lipid profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfathi Mohammad
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ebrahim Falahi
- Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Mohd Yusof Barakatun-Nisak
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Research Centre of Excellence for NCD (Nutrition and Non-communicable Diseases), Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Zubaidah Nor Hanipah
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - S Mohd Redzwan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Loqman Mohamad Yusof
- Department of Companion Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohsen Gheitasvand
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Farahnaz Rezaie
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nesari A, Mansouri MT, Khodayar MJ, Rezaei M. Preadministration of high-dose alpha-tocopherol improved memory impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by proteasome inhibition in rat hippocampus. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 24:119-129. [PMID: 31084475 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2019.1601888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The ubiquitin-proteasome system plays a key role in memory consolidation. Proteasome inhibition and free radical-induced neural damage were implicated in neurodegenerative states. In this study, it was tested whether alpha-tocopherol (αT) in low and high doses could improve the long-term memory impairment induced by proteasome inhibition and protects against hippocampal oxidative stress. Methods: Alpha-tocopherol (αT) (60, 200 mg/kg, i.p. for 5 days) was administered to rats with memory deficit and hippocampal oxidative stress induced by bilateral intra-hippocampal injection of lactacystin (32 ng/μl) and mitochondrial evaluations were performed for improvement assessments. Results: The results showed that lactacystin significantly reduced the passive avoidance memory performance and increased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and diminished the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in the rat hippocampus. Furthermore, Intraperitoneal administration of αT significantly increased the passive avoidance memory, glutathione content and reduced ROS, MDA levels and impaired MMP. Conclusions: The results suggested that αT has neuroprotective effects against lactacystin-induced oxidative stress and memory impairment via the enhancement of hippocampal antioxidant capacity and concomitant mitochondrial sustainability. This finding shows a way to prevent and also to treat neurodegenerative diseases associated with mitochondrial impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Nesari
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Mansouri
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Anesthesiology, Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohammad Javad Khodayar
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rezaei
- Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pastor RF, Repetto MG, Lairion F, Lazarowski A, Merelli A, Manfredi Carabetti Z, Pastor I, Pastor E, Iermoli LV, Bavasso CA, Iermoli RH. Supplementation with Resveratrol, Piperine and Alpha-Tocopherol Decreases Chronic Inflammation in a Cluster of Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103149. [PMID: 33076345 PMCID: PMC7602615 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is increasing worldwide regardless of culture, genetic, gender, and geographic differences. While multiple individual risk factors, such as obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, can cause cardiovascular disease (CVD), it is the intercurrence of these risk factors that defines MetS as a cluster that creates an environment for atherosclerosis and other manifestations of CVD. Despite the advances in the knowledge and management of each of the components of MetS, there are two molecular biology processes, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, which are still underdiagnosed and undertreated. In order to assess the effect of a dietary supplement on chronic inflammation in MetS, we conducted a clinical trial with volunteers receiving a formula composed of resveratrol, piperine and alpha tocopherol (FRAMINTROL®), together with their habitual treatment, for three months. The inflammatory state was evaluated by ultrasensitive C reactive protein (US CRP) and ferritin in plasma, and oxygen consumption and chemiluminescence in neutrophils. The results showed that ferritin decreased by 10% (p < 0.05), US-CRP by 33% (p < 0.0001), oxygen consumption by 55% (p < 0.0001), and spontaneous chemiluminiscence was by 25% (p < 0.005) after treatment. As far as we know, this is the first study showing a chronic inflammation decrease in MetS patients due to the administration of a biopower Resveratrol-piperine and alpha tocopherol dietary supplement together with conventional therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Francisco Pastor
- Unidad Polifenoles, Vino y Salud, Cuarta Cátedra de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín” Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, City of Buenos Aires C1120AAF, Argentina; (Z.M.C.); (I.P.); (E.P.); (L.V.I.); (C.A.B.); (R.H.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +54-9-11-4411-4806
| | - Marisa Gabriela Repetto
- Departamento de Físicoquímica y Química Analítica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires; Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL) Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (UBA-CONICET), City of Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; (M.G.R.); (F.L.)
| | - Fabiana Lairion
- Departamento de Físicoquímica y Química Analítica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires; Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL) Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (UBA-CONICET), City of Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; (M.G.R.); (F.L.)
| | - Alberto Lazarowski
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiopatología y Bioquímica Clínica (INFIBIOC), Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Amalia Merelli
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiopatología y Bioquímica Clínica (INFIBIOC), Buenos Aires C1113AAD, Argentina; (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Zulma Manfredi Carabetti
- Unidad Polifenoles, Vino y Salud, Cuarta Cátedra de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín” Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, City of Buenos Aires C1120AAF, Argentina; (Z.M.C.); (I.P.); (E.P.); (L.V.I.); (C.A.B.); (R.H.I.)
| | - Isabel Pastor
- Unidad Polifenoles, Vino y Salud, Cuarta Cátedra de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín” Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, City of Buenos Aires C1120AAF, Argentina; (Z.M.C.); (I.P.); (E.P.); (L.V.I.); (C.A.B.); (R.H.I.)
| | - Elena Pastor
- Unidad Polifenoles, Vino y Salud, Cuarta Cátedra de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín” Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, City of Buenos Aires C1120AAF, Argentina; (Z.M.C.); (I.P.); (E.P.); (L.V.I.); (C.A.B.); (R.H.I.)
| | - Laura Valeria Iermoli
- Unidad Polifenoles, Vino y Salud, Cuarta Cátedra de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín” Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, City of Buenos Aires C1120AAF, Argentina; (Z.M.C.); (I.P.); (E.P.); (L.V.I.); (C.A.B.); (R.H.I.)
| | - Carlos Amadeo Bavasso
- Unidad Polifenoles, Vino y Salud, Cuarta Cátedra de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín” Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, City of Buenos Aires C1120AAF, Argentina; (Z.M.C.); (I.P.); (E.P.); (L.V.I.); (C.A.B.); (R.H.I.)
| | - Roberto Héctor Iermoli
- Unidad Polifenoles, Vino y Salud, Cuarta Cátedra de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín” Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, City of Buenos Aires C1120AAF, Argentina; (Z.M.C.); (I.P.); (E.P.); (L.V.I.); (C.A.B.); (R.H.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with cystic fibrosis are at an increased risk of fat-soluble vitamin deficiency, including vitamin E. Vitamin E deficiency can cause a host of conditions such as haemolytic anaemia, cerebellar ataxia and cognitive difficulties. Vitamin E supplementation is widely recommended for people with cystic fibrosis and aims to ameliorate this deficiency. This is an updated version of the review. OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of any level of vitamin E supplementation on the frequency of vitamin E deficiency disorders in people with cystic fibrosis. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Group's Cystic Fibrosis Trials Register and also searched international online trial registries for any ongoing clinical trials that were not identified during our register search. Date of last search of the Register: 11 August 2020. Date of last search of international online trial registries: 20 July 2020. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials and quasi-randomised controlled trials comparing any preparation of vitamin E supplementation to placebo or no supplement, regardless of dosage or duration. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors extracted outcome data from each study (published information) and assessed the risk of bias of each included study. They assessed the quality of the evidence using GRADE. MAIN RESULTS Four studies with a total of 141 participants were included in the review, two of these were in children (aged six months to 14.5 years), and two did not specify participants' age. All studies used different formulations and doses of vitamin E for various durations of treatment (10 days to six months). Two studies compared the supplementation of fat-soluble as well as water-soluble formulations to no supplementation in different arms of the same study. A third study compared a water-soluble formulation to a placebo; and in the fourth study a fat-soluble formulation of vitamin E was assessed against placebo. There was limited detail about randomisation and blinding in the included studies which compromises the quality of the evidence base for the review. The heterogeneous mix of the formulations with differing biovailabilities among these studies also limits the generalisability of the data to the wider cystic fibrosis population. None of the studies in either comparison report the review's primary outcomes of vitamin E total lipid ratio or the incidence of vitamin E-specific deficiency disorders, or the secondary outcomes lung function or quality of life. Water-soluble vitamin E Water-soluble vitamin E may improve serum vitamin E levels compared with control at six months, one study (45 participants), mean difference (MD) 19.74 umol/L (95% confidence interval (CI) 13.48 to 26.00) (low-quality evidence). Similar results were also seen at one month, two studies (32 participants), MD 17.66 umol/L (95% CI 10.59 to 24.74) and at three months, one study (45 participants), MD 11.61 umol/L (95% CI 4.77 to 18.45). Only one study (45 participants) reported weight (secondary outcome of growth and nutritional status) at one and six months, but showed no difference between treatment and control at either time point. Fat-soluble vitamin E Two studies (36 participants) reported higher levels of serum vitamin E at one month with fat-soluble vitamin E compared with control, MD 13.59 umol/L (95% CI 9.52 to 17.66); however, at three months one study (36 participants) showed no difference between treatment and control. No studies in this comparison reported on growth or nutritional status. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Vitamin E supplementation may lead to an improvement in vitamin E levels in people with cystic fibrosis, although evidence we assessed was low quality. No data on other outcomes of interest were available to allow conclusions about any other benefits of this therapy. In future, larger studies are needed, especially in people already being treated with enteric-coated pancreatic enzymes and supplemented with vitamin E, to look at more specific outcome measures such as vitamin E status, lung function and nutritional status. Future studies could also look at the optimal dose of vitamin E required to achieve maximal clinical effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter O Okebukola
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sonal Kansra
- Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Sheffield Children's Hospital NHS Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Joanne Barrett
- West Midlands Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dormont F, Brusini R, Cailleau C, Reynaud F, Peramo A, Gendron A, Mougin J, Gaudin F, Varna M, Couvreur P. Squalene-based multidrug nanoparticles for improved mitigation of uncontrolled inflammation in rodents. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaaz5466. [PMID: 32548259 PMCID: PMC7274527 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz5466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammatory processes are at the root of numerous pathologies. Most recently, studies on confirmed COVID-19 cases have suggested that mortality might be due to virally induced hyperinflammation. Uncontrolled pro-inflammatory states are often driven by continuous positive feedback loops between pro-inflammatory signaling and oxidative stress, which cannot be resolved in a targeted manner. Here, we report on the development of multidrug nanoparticles for the mitigation of uncontrolled inflammation. The nanoparticles are made by conjugating squalene, a natural lipid, to adenosine, an endogenous immunomodulator, and then encapsulating α-tocopherol, as antioxidant. This resulted in high drug loading, biocompatible, multidrug nanoparticles. By exploiting the endothelial dysfunction at sites of acute inflammation, these multidrug nanoparticles delivered the therapeutic agents in a targeted manner, conferring survival advantage to treated animals in models of endotoxemia. Selectively delivering adenosine and antioxidants together could serve as a novel therapeutic approach for safe treatment of acute paradoxal inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Dormont
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8612, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Romain Brusini
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8612, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Catherine Cailleau
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8612, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Franceline Reynaud
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8612, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21944-59 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Arnaud Peramo
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8612, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Amandine Gendron
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8612, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Julie Mougin
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8612, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Françoise Gaudin
- Plateforme d’Histologie Immunopathologie de Clamart (PHIC) Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paris Saclay d'Innovation thérapeutique, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, 92140 Clamart, France
| | - Mariana Varna
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8612, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Patrick Couvreur
- Institut Galien Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8612, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Violet PC, Ebenuwa IC, Wang Y, Niyyati M, Padayatty SJ, Head B, Wilkins K, Chung S, Thakur V, Ulatowski L, Atkinson J, Ghelfi M, Smith S, Tu H, Bobe G, Liu CY, Herion DW, Shamburek RD, Manor D, Traber MG, Levine M. Vitamin E sequestration by liver fat in humans. JCI Insight 2020; 5:133309. [PMID: 31821172 PMCID: PMC7030816 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.133309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDWe hypothesized that obesity-associated hepatosteatosis is a pathophysiological chemical depot for fat-soluble vitamins and altered normal physiology. Using α-tocopherol (vitamin E) as a model vitamin, pharmacokinetics and kinetics principles were used to determine whether excess liver fat sequestered α-tocopherol in women with obesity-associated hepatosteatosis versus healthy controls.METHODSCustom-synthesized deuterated α-tocopherols (d3- and d6-α-tocopherols) were administered to hospitalized healthy women and women with hepatosteatosis under investigational new drug guidelines. Fluorescently labeled α-tocopherol was custom-synthesized for cell studies.RESULTSIn healthy subjects, 85% of intravenous d6-α-tocopherol disappeared from the circulation within 20 minutes but reappeared within minutes and peaked at 3-4 hours; d3- and d6-α-tocopherols localized to lipoproteins. Lipoprotein redistribution occurred only in vivo within 1 hour, indicating a key role of the liver in uptake and re-release. Compared with healthy subjects who received 2 mg, subjects with hepatosteatosis had similar d6-α-tocopherol entry rates into liver but reduced initial release rates (P < 0.001). Similarly, pharmacokinetics parameters were reduced in hepatosteatosis subjects, indicating reduced hepatic d6-α-tocopherol output. Reductions in kinetics and pharmacokinetics parameters in hepatosteatosis subjects who received 2 mg were echoed by similar reductions in healthy subjects when comparing 5- and 2-mg doses. In vitro, fluorescent-labeled α-tocopherol localized to lipid in fat-loaded hepatocytes, indicating sequestration.CONCLUSIONSThe unique role of the liver in vitamin E physiology is dysregulated by excess liver fat. Obesity-associated hepatosteatosis may produce unrecognized hepatic vitamin E sequestration, which might subsequently drive liver disease. Our findings raise the possibility that hepatosteatosis may similarly alter hepatic physiology of other fat-soluble vitamins.TRIAL REGISTRATIONClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00862433.FUNDINGNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and NIH grants DK053213-13, DK067494, and DK081761.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Christian Violet
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ifechukwude C. Ebenuwa
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mahtab Niyyati
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sebastian J. Padayatty
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Brian Head
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Kenneth Wilkins
- Office of the Director, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stacey Chung
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Varsha Thakur
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lynn Ulatowski
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jeffrey Atkinson
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, Saint Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mikel Ghelfi
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, Saint Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sheila Smith
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hongbin Tu
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gerd Bobe
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | | | - David W. Herion
- Clinical Research Informatics, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert D. Shamburek
- Cardiovascular Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Danny Manor
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Maret G. Traber
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Mark Levine
- Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Samadi K, Naghibi M, Shabestari M, Sharifipour F, Khajeh Dalooee M, Raeesi V, Moosavi Nik S, Samadi M. Evaluation the Effects of Alpha-tocopherol in Comparison with N-acetylcystein for Prevention of Contrast Induced Nephropathy (CIN) in CKD Patients. Iran J Kidney Dis 2020; 14:26-30. [PMID: 32156838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN), a well-known complication of using radio contrast media, dramatically increases the likelihood of patient morbidity and mortality following coronary angiography. As there is no specific treatment for CIN, prevention could be the best strategy to address this issue. Since now, the only approved preventing strategy was hydration with normal saline while antioxidant agents as a new yet unapproved remedy for this purpose could be applied .The present study was conducted to examine the effect of alpha tocopherol in CIN prevention. METHODS This prospective controlled trial was carried out on 201 patients with chronic kidney disease (eGFR < 60 cc/min) underwent coronary angiography. We assigned three groups of CKD patients: 72 patients who received prophylaxis administration with isotonic saline (Group A), 66 patients with isotonic saline plus N-acetylcysteine (1200mg twice a day) for 2 days (Group B) and 63 patients who received isotonic saline plus daily alpha tocopherol (600 IU once daily from one day before till 2 days after angiography) for 4 days (Group C). The contrast media in all three groups was nonionic iso-osmolal agent, Visipaque. RESULTS Even though CIN didn't developed in any of the three aforementioned groups but there was statistically significant reduction in eGFR from baseline in all three groups (P < .001). Moreover, We found no statistically significant difference in GFR reduction between three studied groups. CONCLUSION Administration of alpha tocopherol has no additive beneficial effect over isotonic saline in CIN prevention in CKD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katayoon Samadi
- Kidney Transplantation Complications Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nicolini A, Ferrari P, Morganti R, Carpi A. Treatment of Metastatic or High-Risk Solid Cancer Patients by Targeting the Immune System and/or Tumor Burden: Six Cases Reports. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235986. [PMID: 31795079 PMCID: PMC6929121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This article summarizes the histories of six patients with different solid tumors treated with a new strategy based on tumor burden reduction and immune evasion as potential targets. All six patients were at a high risk of relapse and were likely to have a minimal residual disease following conventional therapy: biochemical recurrence (BCR) following radical prostatectomy (RP) (two prostate cancers patients), removal of distant metastases (one colorectal and one breast cancer), and complete response (CR) of distant metastases to conventional therapy (one breast cancer and one esophageal–gastric junction cancer). Four of the patients, two after RP and BCR, one after removal of a single pulmonary metastasis from breast cancer, and one after CR to chemotherapy of peritoneal metastases and ascites from an esophageal–gastric junction primary cancer, regularly received cycles of a new drug schedule with the aim of inhibiting immune suppression (IT). In these four patients, preliminary laboratory tests of peripheral blood suggested an interleukin (IL)-2/IL-12 mediated stimulation of cellular immune response with a concomitant decrease in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immune suppression. The fifth case was a breast cancer patient with distant metastases in CR, while receiving beta-interferon and interleukin-2 in addition to conventional hormone therapy. To date, all five patients are alive and doing well and they have been unexpectedly disease-free for 201 and 78 months following BCR, 28 months following the removal of a single pulmonary metastases, 32 months following CR to chemotherapy of peritoneal metastases and ascites, and 140 months following diagnosis of multiple bone metastases, respectively. The sixth patient, who had colorectal cancer and multiple synchronous liver metastases and underwent nine surgical interventions for metastatic disease, although not disease-free, is doing well 98 months after primary surgery. Our six cases reports can be interpreted with the hypothesis that immune manipulation and/or a concomitant low tumor burden favored their clinical outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nicolini
- Department of Oncology, Transplantation and New technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Paola Ferrari
- Department of Oncology, Transplantation and New technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Morganti
- Section of Statistics, University Hospital of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Angelo Carpi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Odai T, Terauchi M, Hirose A, Kato K, Miyasaka N. Bone Mineral Density in Premenopausal Women Is Associated with the Dietary Intake of α-Tocopherol: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102474. [PMID: 31618965 PMCID: PMC6835764 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the consumption of various nutrients and bone mineral density (BMD) in middle-aged women. This cross-sectional survey was conducted based on the clinical records of 157 women aged 38–76. Their lumbar spine BMD was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and dietary habits were assessed with the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Participants were divided into premenopausal (n = 46) and postmenopausal (n = 111) groups and the correlation between the BMD Z-score (Z-score) and the intakes of 43 nutrients was investigated separately for each group. In premenopausal women, the daily intake of ash, calcium, and α-tocopherol was positively correlated with the Z-score (Pearson’s correlation coefficient, R = 0.31, 0.34, 0.33, p = 0.037, 0.020, 0.027, respectively). When dividing the consumption of ash, calcium, and α-tocopherol into low, middle, and high tertiles, the Z-score significantly differed only between the α-tocopherol tertiles. After adjustment for age, body mass index, and lifestyle factors, daily intake of α-tocopherol remained significantly associated with the Z-score (regression coefficient = 0.452, p = 0.022). No nutrient was found to be significantly correlated with the Z-score in postmenopausal women. Increase in the intake of α-tocopherol could help maintain bone mass in premenopausal women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamami Odai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
| | - Masakazu Terauchi
- Department of Women's Health, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
| | - Asuka Hirose
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
- Department of Women's Health, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
| | - Kiyoko Kato
- Department of Women's Health, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
| | - Naoyuki Miyasaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kara Y, Akyuz F. Effects of N-nitro L-arginine methyl ester and α-tocopherol on testicular oxidative stress caused by exposure to cigarette smoke. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13355. [PMID: 31206212 DOI: 10.1111/and.13355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Testis is a rich organ with blood vessels. For this reason, it is possible that the toxic substances of the cigarette carried in the blood change the balance between the oxidant and the antioxidant system in this organ. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of N-nitro L-arginine methyl ester and α-tocopherol on testicular oxidative stress caused by exposure to cigarette smoke. 45 wistar male rats were used in the study. Five groups were formed: control, cigarette smoke, cigarette smoke + α-tocopherol, cigarette smoke + N-nitro L-arginine methyl ester and cigarette smoke + α-tocopherol + N-nitro L-arginine methyl ester. Biochemical and histological evaluations were performed to determine the damage caused by cigarette smoke. It was observed that there were structural and functional disturbances at the cellular and hormonal level in the smoking group. Biochemical evaluations showed that cellular damage was reduced in treatment groups. Histological examinations were revealed that the damage caused by cigarette smoke exposure was eliminated in treatment groups. As a result of our study, we think that oxidative damage and hormonal irregularity in the testes tissue caused by cigarette smoke exposure can be improved with α-tocopherol and N-nitro L-arginine methyl ester application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yakup Kara
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Fahrettin Akyuz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dobrzynski M, Kuropka P, Tarnowska M, Styczynska M, Dudek K, Leskow A, Targonska S, Wiglusz RJ. The Protective Effect of α-Tocopherol on the Content of Selected Elements in the Calvaria for Exposed Hens to TCDD in the Early Embryonic Period. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 190:517-525. [PMID: 30465169 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1580-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This paper focuses on negative effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on element content in male chicken calvaria and α-tocopherol (vitamin E) ability to reduce its toxic potential on bone mineralization in offspring. In the experiment carried out once, a solution containing only DMSO, TCDD, TCDD + α-tocopherol, and exclusively α-tocopherol was administrated. Subsequently, on the 5th day after hatching, the mineral composition of the chicken calvaria was evaluated. The results obtained suggest that the use of α-tocopherol contributes to the maintenance of the concentration of calcium, magnesium, and manganese in the chicken calvaria treated with TCDD in the embryonic period. In turn, vitamin E increases the level of zinc. It has been found that α-tocopherol in chicken embryos has a protective effect against disturbance of level of chosen trace elements in the bones of offspring caused by the TCDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Dobrzynski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Pedodontics, Krakowska 26, 50-425, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Piotr Kuropka
- Department of Histology and Embriology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 31, 50-375, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Tarnowska
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland Medical University, Bartla 5, 51-618, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Styczynska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Dudek
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Wroclaw, Lukasiewicza 5, 50-371, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Leskow
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland Medical University, Bartla 5, 51-618, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Sara Targonska
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Okolna 2, 50-422, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafal J Wiglusz
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Okolna 2, 50-422, Wroclaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fell GL, Anez-Bustillos L, Dao DT, Baker MA, Nandivada P, Cho BS, Pan A, O’Loughlin AA, Nose V, Gura KM, Puder M. Alpha-tocopherol in intravenous lipid emulsions imparts hepatic protection in a murine model of hepatosteatosis induced by the enteral administration of a parenteral nutrition solution. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217155. [PMID: 31295333 PMCID: PMC6622470 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) is a risk of parenteral nutrition (PN)-dependence. Intravenous soybean oil-based parenteral fat can exacerbate the risk of IFALD while intravenous fish oil can minimize its progression, yet the mechanisms by which soybean oil harms and fish oil protects the liver are uncertain. Properties that differentiate soybean and fish oils include α-tocopherol and phytosterol content. Soybean oil is rich in phytosterols and contains little α-tocopherol. Fish oil contains abundant α-tocopherol and little phytosterols. This study tested whether α-tocopherol confers hepatoprotective properties while phytosterols confer hepatotoxicity to intravenous fat emulsions. Utilizing emulsions formulated in the laboratory, a soybean oil emulsion (SO) failed to protect from hepatosteatosis in mice administered a PN solution enterally. An emulsion of soybean oil containing α-tocopherol (SO+AT) preserved normal hepatic architecture. A fish oil emulsion (FO) and an emulsion of fish oil containing phytosterols (FO+P) protected from steatosis in this model. Expression of hepatic acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), was increased in animals administered SO. ACC and PPARγ levels were comparable to chow-fed controls in animals receiving SO+AT, FO, and FO+P. This study suggests a hepatoprotective role for α-tocopherol in liver injury induced by the enteral administration of a parenteral nutrition solution. Phytosterols do not appear to compromise the hepatoprotective effects of fish oil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gillian L. Fell
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lorenzo Anez-Bustillos
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Duy T. Dao
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Meredith A. Baker
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Prathima Nandivada
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Bennet S. Cho
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Amy Pan
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Alison A. O’Loughlin
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Vania Nose
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kathleen M. Gura
- Department of Pharmacy, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Mark Puder
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Azzi A. Tocopherols, tocotrienols and tocomonoenols: Many similar molecules but only one vitamin E. Redox Biol 2019; 26:101259. [PMID: 31254734 PMCID: PMC6604160 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this article is to correct a very general error in scientific articles, in textbooks and in the Internet that has become an accepted fact. In this literature, the term "vitamin E″ is used for several similar molecules (both tocopherols and tocotrienols) that have never been shown to have vitamin property, i.e. a protective effect against the human deficiency disease. In fact, the name "vitamin E″ should only be used to define molecules that prevent the human deficiency disease "Ataxia with Vitamin E Deficiency" (AVED). Only one such molecule is known, α-tocopherol. This error may confuse consumers as well as medical doctors, who prescribe vitamin E without realizing that the current use of the name includes molecules of unknown, if not unwanted functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Azzi
- Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Pharmacology and Drug Development Program, Tufts University, 75 Kneeland Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kuropka P, Dobrzynski M, Tarnowska M, Styczynska M, Dudek K, Leskow A, Wiglusz RJ. The The influence of high doses of α-tocopherol on the content of selected trace elements in the liver of developing chicken embryos in experimentally induced 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin intoxication. Acta Biochim Pol 2019; 66:223-228. [PMID: 30980652 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2018_2789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A chicken embryo develops in ovo without access to a constant circulating maternal nutrient supply, and therefore all necessary nutrients are initially stored in the yolk, and with progressive development are transferred to the liver, where they are taken up in response to various needs. Fluctuations in hepatic trace elements correlate with their mobilization from egg stores. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) intoxication causes liver damage by production of free radicals, while α-tocopherol is a well-known antioxidant and may play a protective role. In the experiment presented here, a solution containing only TCDD, TCDD and α-tocopherol, as well as α-tocopherol exclusively, was administrated into the yolk sac. The iron, zinc, copper and magnesium distribution was evaluated using histological and chemical methods. It has been found that α-tocopherol has no influence on magnesium and zinc content in the liver. The observed increase in iron content may be caused by antagonistic action of iron and α-tocopherol. On the other hand, synergistic action of α-tocopherol and TCDD has been noted with respect to the copper content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kuropka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Pedodontics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maciej Dobrzynski
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Tarnowska
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marzena Styczynska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Dudek
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Wroclaw, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Leskow
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rafał J Wiglusz
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shanmugapriya K, Kim H, Kang HW. A new alternative insight of nanoemulsion conjugated with κ-carrageenan for wound healing study in diabetic mice: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 133:236-250. [PMID: 30965083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Astaxanthin and alpha-tocopherol have attracted great attention because of their properties for the management of wound healing in diabetics. This study aimed to investigate the wound healing study of astaxanthin and alpha-tocopherol with κ-carrageenan nanoemulsion (AS-TP@KCNE) and to perform a histopathological study on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. AS-TP@KCNE were also evaluated with aim of maintaining an effective and prolonged antidiabetic potential. KC@SENE and KC@USNE were obtained by spontaneous and ultrasonication emulsification methods and were characterized for stability, pH, particle size, and zeta potential by standard analysis. In vitro cytotoxicity and wound healing results demonstrated less toxicity and faster cell migration for the nanoemulsions at different concentrations. Based on the promising results, transdermal administration of AS-TP@KCNE can significantly restore the body weight, reduce fasting blood glucose levels, and improve glucose tolerance, which improved the ability to quickly heal of wounds in diabetic mice compared to control. In conclusion, the present study shows that the AS-TP@KCNE are biocompatible and possess healing properties that accelerate wound closure and exhibited better control of hyperglycemia and more superbly reversed the diabetes mellitus complications than STZ-induced diabetic mice. These results suggested that AS-TP@KCNE could be a promising platform for wound healing applications for diabetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karuppusamy Shanmugapriya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK 21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK 21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea; Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Baker MA, Cho BS, Anez-Bustillos L, Dao DT, Pan A, O'Loughlin AA, Lans ZM, Mitchell PD, Nosé V, Gura KM, Puder M, Fell GL. Fish oil-based injectable lipid emulsions containing medium-chain triglycerides or added α-tocopherol offer anti-inflammatory benefits in a murine model of parenteral nutrition-induced liver injury. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 109:1038-1050. [PMID: 30882140 PMCID: PMC6462433 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fish oil (FO) intravenous lipid emulsions (ILEs) are used as a monotherapy to treat parenteral nutrition (PN)-associated liver disease and provide essential fatty acids (EFAs) needed to sustain growth and prevent EFA deficiency (EFAD). Studies have suggested that medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) and α-tocopherol have anti-inflammatory properties. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to test whether FO-ILEs containing MCTs and/or additional α-tocopherol decrease the inflammatory response to an endotoxin challenge compared with FO-ILE alone and preserve the ability to prevent PN-induced liver injury in mice. METHODS A murine model of PN-induced hepatosteatosis was used to compare the effects of ILEs formulated in the laboratory containing varying ratios of FO and MCTs, and subsequently FO- and 50:50 FO:MCT-ILE plus 500 mg/L α-tocopherol (FO + AT and 50:50 + AT, respectively). C57BL/6 mice receiving unpurified diet (UPD), PN-equivalent diet (PN) + saline, and PN + soybean oil (SO)-ILE served as controls. After 19 d, mice received an intraperitoneal saline or endotoxin challenge 4 h before being killed. Serum and livers were harvested for histologic analysis, fatty acid profiling, and measurement of systemic inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6). RESULTS All ILEs were well tolerated and prevented biochemical EFAD. Livers of mice that received saline and SO developed steatosis. Mice that received 30:70 FO:MCT developed mild hepatosteatosis. All other FO-containing ILEs preserved normal hepatic architecture. Mice that received FO- or SO-ILE had significantly elevated systemic inflammatory markers after endotoxin challenge compared with UPD-fed controls, whereas 50:50 FO:MCT, 30:70 FO:MCT, FO + AT, and 50:50 + AT groups had significantly lower inflammatory markers similar to those seen in UPD-fed controls. CONCLUSIONS Mixed FO/MCT and the addition of α-tocopherol to FO improved the inflammatory response to endotoxin challenge compared with FO-ILE alone while still preventing PN-induced liver injury and EFAD in mice. There was no synergistic relation between α-tocopherol and MCTs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bennet S Cho
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery
| | | | - Duy T Dao
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery
| | - Amy Pan
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery
| | | | | | - Paul D Mitchell
- Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research
| | - Vania Nosé
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Kathleen M Gura
- Department of Pharmacy, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Mark Puder
- Vascular Biology Program and Department of Surgery
- Address correspondence to MP (e-mail: )
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Torquato P, Bartolini D, Giusepponi D, Piroddi M, Sebastiani B, Saluti G, Galarini R, Galli F. Increased plasma levels of the lipoperoxyl radical-derived vitamin E metabolite α-tocopheryl quinone are an early indicator of lipotoxicity in fatty liver subjects. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 131:115-125. [PMID: 30508576 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation is one of the earliest pathogenic events of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this context, an increased oxidation of the lipoperoxyl radical scavenger α-tocopherol (α-TOH) should occur already in the subclinical phases of the disease to compensate for the increase oxidation of the lipid excess of liver and possibly of other tissues. However, this assumption remains unsupported by direct analytical evidence. In this study, GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS procedures have been developed and applied for the first time to measure the vitamin E oxidation metabolite α-tocopheryl quinone (α-TQ) in plasma of fatty liver (FL) subjects that were compared in a pilot cross-sectional study with healthy controls. The protein adducts of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and the free form of polyunsaturated free fatty acids (PUFA) were measured as surrogate indicators of lipid peroxidation. α-TQ formation was also investigated in human liver cells after supplementation with α-TOH and/or fatty acids (to induce steatosis). Compared with controls, FL subjects showed increased (absolute and α-TOH-corrected) levels of plasma α-TQ and 4-HNE, and decreased concentrations of PUFA. α-TQ levels positively correlated with indices of liver damage and metabolic dysfunction, such as alanine aminotransferase, bilirubin and triglycerides, and negatively correlated with HDL cholesterol. Fatty acid supplementation in human hepatocytes stimulated the generation of cellular oxidants and α-TOH uptake leading to increased α-TQ formation and secretion in the extracellular medium - both were markedly stimulated by α-TOH supplementation. In conclusion, plasma α-TQ represents an early biomarker of the lipoperoxyl radical-induced oxidation of vitamin E and lipotoxicity of the fatty liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Desirée Bartolini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Danilo Giusepponi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria e Marche "Togo Rosati", Perugia, Italy
| | - Marta Piroddi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Saluti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria e Marche "Togo Rosati", Perugia, Italy
| | - Roberta Galarini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Umbria e Marche "Togo Rosati", Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nagib MM, Tadros MG, Rahmo RM, Sabri NA, Khalifa AE, Masoud SI. Ameliorative Effects of α-Tocopherol and/or Coenzyme Q10 on Phenytoin-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Rats: Role of VEGF and BDNF-TrkB-CREB Pathway. Neurotox Res 2019; 35:451-462. [PMID: 30374909 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-018-9971-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Phenytoin is one of the most well-known antiepileptic drugs that cause cognitive impairment which is closely related to cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling pathway. Moreover, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an endothelial growth factor, has a documented role in neurogenesis and neuronal survival and cognitive impairment. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of powerful antioxidants: α-Toc and CoQ10 alone or combined in the preservation of brain tissues and the maintenance of memory formation in phenytoin-induced cognitive impairment in rats. The following behavioral test novel object recognition and elevated plus maze were assessed after 14 days of treatment. Moreover, VEGF, BDNF, TrkB, and CREB gene expression levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were estimated using RT-PCR. Both α-Toc and CoQ10 alone or combined with phenytoin showed improvement in behavioral tests compared to phenytoin. Mechanistically, α-Toc and/or CoQ10 decreases the VEGF mRNA expression, while increases BDNF-TrKB-CREB mRNA levels in hippocampus and cortex of phenytoin-treated rats. Collectively, α-Toc and/or CoQ10 alleviated the phenytoin-induced cognitive impairment through suppressing oxidative damage. The underlying molecular mechanism of the treating compounds is related to the VEGF and enhancing BDNF-TrkB-CREB signaling pathway. Our study indicated the usefulness α-Toc or CoQ10 as an adjuvant to antiepileptic drugs with an advantage of preventing cognitive impairment and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Nagib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, KM 28 Cairo - Ismailia Road Ahmed Orabi District, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mariane G Tadros
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M Rahmo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, KM 28 Cairo - Ismailia Road Ahmed Orabi District, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwa Ali Sabri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amani E Khalifa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University seconded to 57357 Children Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Somaia I Masoud
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rengaraj D, Truong AD, Hong Y, Pitargue FM, Kim JH, Hong YH, Han JY, Kil DY. Identification and expression analysis of alpha tocopherol transfer protein in chickens fed diets containing different concentrations of alpha-tocopherol. Res Vet Sci 2018; 123:99-110. [PMID: 30599294 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Among the eight forms of vitamin E, the liver preferentially releases α-tocopherol into the circulation and it is distributed to the non-liver tissues. In the hepatocytes, alpha tocopherol transfer protein (TTPA) specifically recognizes α-tocopherol with 2R-configuration and facilitates its intracellular transfer. The identification and characterization of TTPA expression have not been demonstrated in avian species. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to identify avian TTPAs, to compare the sequence conservation, phylogenetic relationship, protein interactions, and disease associations of chicken TTPA with those of human and vertebrate TTPA, and to characterize the tissue expression of the TTPA gene in chickens fed diets supplemented with different amounts of α-tocopherol. Our results suggest that the chicken TTPA was highly conserved with the human and vertebrate TTPA, and consisted of a cellular retinaldehyde binding protein and TRIO guanine exchange factor (CRAL_TRIO) domain. Feeding diets supplemented with increasing amounts of α-tocopherol (25 IU/Kg, 50 IU/Kg, or 100 IU/Kg) to broiler chickens had no effects on growth performance compared with feeding basal diets containing no supplemental α-tocopherol. The expression of TTPA gene was detected high in the liver of chickens in response to dietary α-tocopherol concentrations, whereas its expression was very low or undetectable in the non-liver tissues. In conclusion, the chicken TTPA protein sequence is highly conserved with other avian and vertebrate TTPA protein sequences. The higher expression of TTPA gene in the chicken liver in response to dietary α-tocopherol concentrations may suggest its crucial role in transporting α-tocopherol in the chicken liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea; Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Anh Duc Truong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, National Institute of Veterinary Research, 86 Truong Chinh, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Yeojin Hong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Franco Martinez Pitargue
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyuk Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Ho Hong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yong Kil
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Aune D, Keum N, Giovannucci E, Fadnes LT, Boffetta P, Greenwood DC, Tonstad S, Vatten LJ, Riboli E, Norat T. Dietary intake and blood concentrations of antioxidants and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108:1069-1091. [PMID: 30475962 PMCID: PMC6250988 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High dietary intake or blood concentrations (as biomarkers of dietary intake) of vitamin C, carotenoids, and vitamin E have been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality, but these associations have not been systematically assessed. Objective We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies of dietary intake and blood concentrations of vitamin C, carotenoids, and vitamin E in relation to these outcomes. Design We searched PubMed and Embase up to 14 February 2018. Summary RRs and 95% CIs were calculated with the use of random-effects models. Results Sixty-nine prospective studies (99 publications) were included. The summary RR per 100-mg/d increment of dietary vitamin C intake was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.79, 0.98, I2 = 65%, n = 11) for coronary heart disease, 0.92 (95% CI: 0.87, 0.98, I2 = 68%, n = 12) for stroke, 0.89 (95% CI: 0.85, 0.94, I2 = 27%, n = 10) for cardiovascular disease, 0.93 (95% CI: 0.87, 0.99, I2 = 46%, n = 8) for total cancer, and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.85, 0.94, I2 = 80%, n = 14) for all-cause mortality. Corresponding RRs per 50-μmol/L increase in blood concentrations of vitamin C were 0.74 (95% CI: 0.65, 0.83, I2 = 0%, n = 4), 0.70 (95% CI: 0.61, 0.81, I2 = 0%, n = 4), 0.76 (95% CI: 0.65, 0.87, I2 = 56%, n = 6), 0.74 (95% CI: 0.66, 0.82, I2 = 0%, n = 5), and 0.72 (95% CI: 0.66, 0.79, I2 = 0%, n = 8). Dietary intake and/or blood concentrations of carotenoids (total, β-carotene, α-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene) and α-tocopherol, but not dietary vitamin E, were similarly inversely associated with coronary heart disease, stroke, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and/or all-cause mortality. Conclusions Higher dietary intake and/or blood concentrations of vitamin C, carotenoids, and α-tocopherol (as markers of fruit and vegetable intake) were associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, and all-cause mortality. These results support recommendations to increase fruit and vegetable intake, but not antioxidant supplement use, for chronic disease prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Nutrition, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - NaNa Keum
- Departments of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Departments of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lars T Fadnes
- Bergen Addiction Research Group, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Darren C Greenwood
- Biostatistics Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Serena Tonstad
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars J Vatten
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Teresa Norat
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
McCleery J, Abraham RP, Denton DA, Rutjes AWS, Chong L, Al‐Assaf AS, Griffith DJ, Rafeeq S, Yaman H, Malik MA, Di Nisio M, Martínez G, Vernooij RWM, Tabet N. Vitamin and mineral supplementation for preventing dementia or delaying cognitive decline in people with mild cognitive impairment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 11:CD011905. [PMID: 30383288 PMCID: PMC6378925 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011905.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamins and minerals have many functions in the nervous system which are important for brain health. It has been suggested that various different vitamin and mineral supplements might be useful in maintaining cognitive function and delaying the onset of dementia. In this review, we sought to examine the evidence for this in people who already had mild cognitive impairment (MCI). OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of vitamin and mineral supplementation on cognitive function and the incidence of dementia in people with mild cognitive impairment. SEARCH METHODS We searched ALOIS, the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group's (CDCIG) specialised register, as well as MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, CINAHL, LILACs, Web of Science Core Collection, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the WHO Portal/ICTRP, from inception to 25 January 2018. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised or quasi-randomised, placebo-controlled trials which evaluated orally administered vitamin or mineral supplements in participants with a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and which assessed the incidence of dementia or cognitive outcomes, or both. We were interested in studies applicable to the general population of older people and therefore excluded studies in which participants had severe vitamin or mineral deficiencies. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We sought data on our primary outcomes of dementia incidence and overall cognitive function and on secondary outcomes of episodic memory, executive function, speed of processing, quality of life, functional performance, clinical global impression, adverse events, and mortality. We conducted data collection and analysis according to standard Cochrane systematic review methods. We assessed the risk of bias of included studies using the Cochrane 'Risk of bias' assessment tool. We grouped vitamins and minerals according to their putative mechanism of action and, where we considered it to be clinically appropriate, we pooled data using random-effects methods. We used GRADE methods to assess the overall quality of evidence for each comparison and outcome. MAIN RESULTS We included five trials with 879 participants which investigated B vitamin supplements. In four trials, the intervention was a combination of vitamins B6, B12, and folic acid; in one, it was folic acid only. Doses varied. We considered there to be some risks of performance and attrition bias and of selective outcome reporting among these trials. Our primary efficacy outcomes were the incidence of dementia and scores on measures of overall cognitive function. None of the trials reported the incidence of dementia and the evidence on overall cognitive function was of very low-quality. There was probably little or no effect of B vitamins taken for six to 24 months on episodic memory, executive function, speed of processing, or quality of life. The evidence on our other secondary clinical outcomes, including harms, was very sparse or very low-quality. There was evidence from one study that there may be a slower rate of brain atrophy over two years in participants taking B vitamins. The same study reported subgroup analyses based on the level of serum homocysteine (tHcy) at baseline and found evidence that B vitamins may improve episodic memory in those with tHcy above the median at baseline.We included one trial (n = 516) of vitamin E supplementation. Vitamin E was given as 1000 IU of alpha-tocopherol twice daily. We considered this trial to be at risk of attrition and selective reporting bias. There was probably no effect of vitamin E on the probability of progression from MCI to Alzheimer's dementia over three years (HR 1.02; 95% CI 0.74 to 1.41; n = 516; 1 study, moderate-quality evidence). There was also no evidence of an effect at intermediate time points. The available data did not allow us to conduct analyses, but the authors reported no significant effect of three years of supplementation with vitamin E on overall cognitive function, episodic memory, speed of processing, clinical global impression, functional performance, adverse events, or mortality (five deaths in each group). We considered this to be low-quality evidence.We included one trial (n = 256) of combined vitamin E and vitamin C supplementation and one trial (n = 26) of supplementation with chromium picolinate. In both cases, there was a single eligible cognitive outcome, but we considered the evidence to be very low-quality and so could not be sure of any effects. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The evidence on vitamin and mineral supplements as treatments for MCI is very limited. Three years of treatment with high-dose vitamin E probably does not reduce the risk of progression to dementia, but we have no data on this outcome for other supplements. Only B vitamins have been assessed in more than one RCT. There is no evidence for beneficial effects on cognition of supplementation with B vitamins for six to 24 months. Evidence from a single study of a reduced rate of brain atrophy in participants taking vitamin B and a beneficial effect of vitamin B on episodic memory in those with higher tHcy at baseline warrants attempted replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny McCleery
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation TrustElms CentreOxford RoadBanburyOxfordshireUKOX16 9AL
| | - Rajesh P Abraham
- Surrey and Borders Partnership NHS Foundation TrustCommunity Mental Health Team for Older People:Waverley11‐13 Ockford RoadGuildfordUKGU7 1QU
| | - David A Denton
- Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation TrustSpecialist Older People's ServicesUckfield Community HosptialFramfield RoadUckfieldUKTN22 5AW
| | - Anne WS Rutjes
- Fondazione "Università G. D'Annunzio"Centre for Systematic ReviewsVia dei Vestini 31ChietiChietiItaly66100
- University of BernInstitute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM)Mittelstrasse 43BernBernSwitzerland3012
| | | | - Aalya S Al‐Assaf
- Newcastle UniversityNIHR Innovation ObservatorySuite A, 4th Floor, Time CentralGallowgateNewcastle Upon TyneUKNE1 4BF
| | - Daniel J Griffith
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustDepartment of Nutrition and DieteticsMindelsohn WayEdgbastonBirminghamWest MidlandsUKB15 2GW
| | - Shireen Rafeeq
- Central Park Medical CollegeCommunity MedicineCentral Park Housing Scheme, Ferozepur Road, Kahna NauLahorePunjabPakistan53100
| | - Hakan Yaman
- Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz UniversityDepartment of Family MedicineAntalyaTurkey07059
| | - Muzaffar A Malik
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of BrightonDepartment of Medical Education (Postgraduate)Room 341, Mayfield HouseFalmerUKBN1 9PH
| | - Marcello Di Nisio
- University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti‐PescaraDepartment of Medicine and Ageing SciencesVia dei Vestini 31Chieti ScaloItaly66013
| | - Gabriel Martínez
- Universidad de AntofagastaFaculty of Medicine and DentistryAvenida Argentina 2000AntofagastaChile127001
- Iberoamerican Cochrane CentreSant Antoni Maria Claret 167BarcelonaSpain08025
| | - Robin WM Vernooij
- Iberoamerican Cochrane CentreSant Antoni Maria Claret 167BarcelonaSpain08025
| | - Naji Tabet
- Brighton and Sussex Medical SchoolCentre for Dementia StudiesMayfield House, University of BrightonFalmerBrightonUKBN1 9PH
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Nagib MM, Tadros MG, Al-Khalek HAA, Rahmo RM, Sabri NA, Khalifa AE, Masoud SI. Molecular mechanisms of neuroprotective effect of adjuvant therapy with phenytoin in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures: Impact on Sirt1/NRF2 signaling pathways. Neurotoxicology 2018; 68:47-65. [PMID: 30017425 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Current anticonvulsant therapies are principally aimed at suppressing neuronal hyperexcitability to prevent or control the incidence of seizures. However, the role of oxidative stress processes in seizures led to the proposition that antioxidant compounds may be considered as promising candidates for limiting the progression of epilepsy. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to determine if coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and alpha-tocopherol (α-Toc) have a neuroprotective effect in rats against the observed oxidative stress and inflammation during seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) in rats, and to study their interactions with the conventional antiseizure drug phenytoin (PHT), either alone or in combination. Overall, the data revealed that α-Toc and CoQ10 supplementation can ameliorate PTZ-induced seizures and recommended that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and silencing information regulator 1 (Sirt1) signaling pathways may exemplify strategic molecular targets for seizure therapies. The results of the present study provide novel mechanistic insights regarding the protective effects of antioxidants and suggest an efficient therapeutic strategy to attenuate seizures. Additionally, concurrent supplementation of CoQ10 and α-Toc may be more effective than either antioxidant alone in decreasing inflammation and oxidative stress in both cortical and hippocampal tissues. Also, CoQ10 and α-Toc effectively reverse the PHT-mediated alterations in the brain antioxidant status when compared to PHT only.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Nagib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mariane G Tadros
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hadwa Ali Abd Al-Khalek
- Department of Histology and Cell biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M Rahmo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagwa Ali Sabri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amani E Khalifa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University seconded to 57357 Children Cancer Hospital as the Scientific Consultant for Pharmacy Affairs, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Somaia I Masoud
- Former Head of Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Große R, Binici C, Pieper R, Müller KE. [Selenium deficiency in an organic extensive water buffalo farm]. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2018; 46:191-195. [PMID: 29902819 DOI: 10.15653/tpg-170632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This case report presents investigations of muscle problems in three male water buffaloes (1-2 years) kept extensively (loose housing, pasture). The bulls were presented because of listlessness and increased lying periods. They displayed difficulties to stand up, a stilted gait, and tremor in the legs. The determination of the selenium concentration by the measurement of glutathione peroxidase activity in whole blood samples (EDTA) demonstrated selenium deficiency in all three buffaloes. This confirmed the tentative diagnosis of nutritive myodystrophy due to selenium deficiency. Following a single injection of 1500 mg all-rac-alpha-tocopherol acetate and 11 mg sodium selenite, the bulls recovered clinically. The whole blood samples taken subsequently from seven adult water buffaloes on the farm showed selenium deficiency in all animals. Consequently, slow-release multi-trace element boluses were administered once orally - as far as possible - to all adult animals of the herd. After 1 year, a good to very good selenium supply was observed in all these buffaloes, except for one cow, in which bolus application had failed.
Collapse
|
29
|
Leskovec J, Levart A, Nemec Svete A, Perić L, Đukić Stojčić M, Žikić D, Salobir J, Rezar V. Effects of supplementation with α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, selenium, or their combination in linseed oil-enriched diets on the oxidative status in broilers. Poult Sci 2018; 97:1641-1650. [PMID: 29462462 PMCID: PMC5890603 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A trial was conducted to investigate whether, and if so to what extent, the combined supplementation of vitamin E, vitamin C, and selenium was superior to their sole supplementation concerning the oxidative stress induced by a high n-3 dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intake in broilers. Four hundred 21-day-old Ross 308 male broilers were allocated to 5 experimental groups fed the following linseed oil (5%)-enriched finisher diets: Cont (no supplement), +E (200 IU vitamin E/kg feed), +C (250 mg vitamin C/kg feed), +Se (0.2 mg selenium/kg feed), or +ECSe (concentrations as in the sole supplementation, combined). Analyses of malondialdehyde (MDA), vitamin C, and α- and γ-tocopherols in plasma, antioxidant capacity of water- (ACW) and lipid- (ACL) soluble compounds in serum, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in whole blood were performed. In breast muscle, analyses of MDA, α- and γ-tocopherols, ACW, selenium, and fatty acid (FA) composition were carried out. Birds fed the combination of antioxidants showed reduced average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) and, as +E, lower MDA and γ-tocopherol, together with raised α- tocopherol levels in plasma and lower MDA and raised α- tocopherol levels in breast muscle compared to the control. The combination of antioxidants in the +ECSe group raised GPx activity in whole blood compared to the control. In conclusion, results indicated that vitamin E is the most effective antioxidant to alleviate oxidative stress caused by high dietary PUFA and that the supplementation with additional vitamin C and selenium did not have clear synergistic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Leskovec
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A Levart
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A Nemec Svete
- Clinic for Surgery and Small Animal Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - L Perić
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - M Đukić Stojčić
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - D Žikić
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - J Salobir
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - V Rezar
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Stone CA, McEvoy CT, Aschner JL, Kirk A, Rosas-Salazar C, Cook-Mills JM, Moore PE, Walsh WF, Hartert TV. Update on Vitamin E and Its Potential Role in Preventing or Treating Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Neonatology 2018; 113:366-378. [PMID: 29514147 PMCID: PMC5980725 DOI: 10.1159/000487388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin E is obtained only through the diet and has a number of important biological activities, including functioning as an antioxidant. Evidence that free radicals may contribute to pathological processes such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a disease of prematurity associated with increased lung injury, inflammation and oxidative stress, led to trials of the antioxidant vitamin E (α-tocopherol) to prevent BPD with variable results. These trials were all conducted at supraphysiologic doses and 2 of these trials utilized a formulation containing a potentially harmful excipient. Since 1991, when the last of these trials was conducted, both neonatal management strategies for minimizing oxygen and ventilator-related lung injury and our understanding of vitamin E isoforms in respiratory health have advanced substantially. It is now known that there are differences between the effects of vitamin E isoforms α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol on the development of respiratory morbidity and inflammation. What is not known is whether improvements in physiologic concentrations of individual or combinations of vitamin E isoforms during pregnancy or following preterm birth might prevent or reduce BPD development. The answers to these questions require adequately powered studies targeting pregnant women at risk of preterm birth or their premature infants immediately following birth, especially in certain subgroups that are at increased risk of vitamin E deficiency (e.g., smokers). The objective of this review is to compile, update, and interpret what is known about vitamin E isoforms and BPD since these first studies were conducted, and suggest future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cosby A Stone
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Cindy T McEvoy
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Judy L Aschner
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and the Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Ashudee Kirk
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christian Rosas-Salazar
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Joan M Cook-Mills
- Division of Allergy-Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Paul E Moore
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - William F Walsh
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tina V Hartert
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bader Z, Waheed A, Bakhtiar S, Khan IM. Alpha-tocopherol ameliorates nephrotoxicity associated with the use of colistin in rabbits. Pak J Pharm Sci 2018; 31:463-467. [PMID: 29618435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The alarming rise in the rate of multi drug resistant, life threatening gram negative infections has brought renaissance in the use of Colistin for last two decades. The major constraint in its utilization is its nephrotoxicity. Therefore it is being underused which is favoring the development of resistance. This study assesses the prevention of nephrotoxicity associated with high and low toxic doses of Colistin by alpha-tocopherol. Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into five groups. Baseline serum urea, creatinine and electrolytes were estimated. A loading dose of colistin was given in the form of infusion followed by I.M injections for six days. In the preventive groups α-tocopherol was additionally given orally for two weeks. Rabbits were sacrificed 24 hours after the last dose. The kidney slides graded and statistically analyzed using "chi square". The results of serum analysis were compared using one way analysis of variance followed by post hoc tukey test. There was marked nephrotoxicity in high toxic group where as in low toxic group mild nephrotoxicity was evident. Alpha-tocopherol attenuated the renal insult in both the toxic groups. As damage induced by colistin is oxidative in nature, thus it was concluded that the protection offered by α- tocopherol is due to its antioxidant activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zarafshan Bader
- Pharmacology Department, Foundation University Medical College, DHA 1, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Akbar Waheed
- Pharmacology Department, Islamic International Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Salman Bakhtiar
- Pharmacology Department, M. Islam Medical College, Gujrawala, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Waniek S, di Giuseppe R, Esatbeyoglu T, Ratjen I, Enderle J, Jacobs G, Nöthlings U, Koch M, Schlesinger S, Rimbach G, Lieb W. Association of Circulating Vitamin E (α- and γ-Tocopherol) Levels with Gallstone Disease. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10020133. [PMID: 29382041 PMCID: PMC5852709 DOI: 10.3390/nu10020133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to well-established risk factors like older age, female gender, and adiposity, oxidative stress may play a role in the pathophysiology of gallstone disease. Since vitamin E exerts important anti-oxidative functions, we hypothesized that circulating vitamin E levels might be inversely associated with prevalence of gallstone disease. In a cross-sectional study, we measured plasma levels of α- and γ-tocopherol using high performance liquid chromatography in a community-based sample (582 individuals; median age 62 years; 38.5% women). Gallstone disease status was assessed by ultrasound. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to estimate the association of circulating α- and γ-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio levels with prevalent gallstone disease. Lower probabilities of having gallstone disease were observed in the top (compared to the bottom) tertile of the plasma α-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio in multivariable-adjusted models (OR (Odds Ratio): 0.31; 95% CI (Confidence Interval): 0.13–0.76). A lower probability of having gallstone disease was also observed for the γ-tocopherol/cholesterol ratio, though the association did not reach statistical significance (OR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.35–1.69 for 3rd vs 1st tertile). In conclusion, our observations are consistent with the concept that higher vitamin E levels might protect from gallstone disease, a premise that needs to be further addressed in longitudinal studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Waniek
- Institute of Epidemiology, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | | | - Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Ilka Ratjen
- Institute of Epidemiology, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Janna Enderle
- Institute of Epidemiology, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Gunnar Jacobs
- Institute of Epidemiology, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
- Biobank PopGen, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Manja Koch
- Institute of Epidemiology, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Sabrina Schlesinger
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ) at Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
| | - Gerald Rimbach
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
- Biobank PopGen, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Song Z, Lv J, Sheikhahmadi A, Uerlings J, Everaert N. Attenuating Effect of Zinc and Vitamin E on the Intestinal Oxidative Stress Induced by Silver Nanoparticles in Broiler Chickens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 180:306-313. [PMID: 28409411 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1016-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been increasingly used as antimicrobial and disinfectant. However, intestinal model studies have shown that AgNPs induce oxidative stress. Hence, this study aims to investigate the effects of dietary supplemental zinc (Zn) and vitamin E (VE; α-tocopherol acetate) on attenuating AgNP-induced intestinal oxidative stress in broiler chickens. The chickens were divided into two groups as follows: (1) control group fed with a corn-soybean meal basal diet and (2) nano group, received drinking water containing 1000 mg/kg AgNPs. All the nano-exposed birds were divided into six dietary treatment groups, namely, the basal diets supplemented with (1) 60 mg/kg Zn as ZnSO4, (2) 120 mg/kg Zn, (3) 100 mg/kg VE, (4) 200 mg/kg VE, (5) 60 mg/kg Zn and 100 mg/kg VE, and (6) 120 mg/kg Zn and 200 mg/kg VE. Results showed that the AgNPs significantly reduced the body weights of the broilers after 42 days of oral administration of AgNPs (P < 0.05), and this effect was not alleviated by any of the dietary treatments. The activity of superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) increased in all the AgNP-treated birds (P < 0.05); however, CuZn-SOD did not increase in birds fed with basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg VE. In this treatment, the VE exerted an antioxidant effect to prevent the activation of the CuZn-SOD enzyme. Furthermore, supplementing Zn increased the activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the jejunal mucosa (P < 0.05), which were accompanied with increased malondialdehyde levels (P < 0.05) in the broilers. AgNP exposure resulted in a significant messenger RNA (mRNA) upregulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and TLR2-1 in the jejunal mucosa (P < 0.05). However, supplemental ZnVE did not reduce TLRs' mRNA expression, except for the diminished TLR2-1 mRNA levels in birds fed with basal diet supplemented with 120 mg/kg Zn and 200 mg/kg VE. We concluded that although dietary Zn and VE supplementation did not attenuate growth depression effect of AgNP, it however attenuates intestinal oxidative stress in AgNP-treated broiler chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Song
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiadong Lv
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ardashir Sheikhahmadi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 66177-15175, Iran.
| | - Julie Uerlings
- Animal Sciences Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés, 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Nadia Everaert
- Animal Sciences Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés, 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Libinaki R, Gavin PD. Changes in Bioavailability of Omega-3 (DHA) through Alpha-Tocopheryl Phosphate Mixture (TPM) after Oral Administration in Rats. Nutrients 2017; 9:E1042. [PMID: 28930161 PMCID: PMC5622802 DOI: 10.3390/nu9091042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Benefits of Omega-3 Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplements are hindered by their poor solubility and bioavailability. This study investigated the bioavailability of various formulations of Omega-3 and tocopheryl phosphate mixture (TPM), following oral administration in rats, and assessed whether TPM could improve the oral absorption of DHA. The rats were administered with a high (265.7 mg/kg) or low dose (88.6 mg/kg) of DHA. TPM was examined at 1:0.1 w/w (low TPM dose) and 1:0.5 w/w (high TPM dose). Over 24 h, the DHA plasma concentration followed a TPM dose-dependent relationship, reflected in the higher mean Cmax values (78.39 and 91.95 μg/mL) and AUC values (1396.60 and 1560.60) for the low and high TPM, respectively. The biggest difference between the low dose DHA control (LDCont) and TPM formulations was at 4 h after supplementation, where the low and high TPM showed a mean 20% (ns) and 50% (p < 0.05) increase in DHA plasma concentrations versus the control formulation. After correcting for baseline endogenous DHA, the mean plasma DHA at 4 h produced by the LD-HTPM was nearly double (90%) the LDC control (p = 0.057). This study demonstrated that co-administering omega-3 with TPM significantly increases the bioavailability of DHA in the plasma, suggesting potential use for commercially available TPM + DHA fortified products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roksan Libinaki
- Phosphagenics Limited, Unit A8, 2A Westall Road, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia.
| | - Paul D Gavin
- Phosphagenics Limited, Unit A8, 2A Westall Road, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kalantari A, Saremi A, Shavandi N, Foroutan Nia A. Impact of Four Week Swimming Exercise with Alpha-Tocopherol Supplementation on Fertility Potential in Healthy Rats. Urol J 2017; 14:5023-5026. [PMID: 28853109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 4 week intensive swimming exercise and alpha-tocopherol supplementation on testicular oxidative stress and spermatogenesis in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS 40 male rats were randomly assigned to Control (C), Sham (S), Exercise (E) and Exercise + supplement (ES) groups. Exercise training performed for 4 weeks (1session/day, 6days/week). Each session included 180 minutes of swimming. In ES group, alpha-ocopherol was injected at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day. 48 hours after last training session, all rats were killed and gonads of them were removed from their body for histological and biochemical assays. All statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 16. P values less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. RESULTS Total testicular antioxidant capacity increased significantly in E (P = .003) and ES groups (P = .001) whereas there was no significant difference between C and E group in testicle Malondialdehyde (a lipid peroxidation marker) level (P = .999) and spermatogenesis quality (P = .381). Testicle Malondialdehyde level decreased (P = .009) and spermatogenesis quality was improved significantly in ES group (P = .001). CONCLUSION Alpha-tocopherol supplementation is effective in order to improve spermatogenesis process in athletes who exercise with high intensity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Kalantari
- Department of exercise physiology, Faculty of Sport Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
| | - Abbas Saremi
- Department of exercise physiology, Faculty of Sport Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | - Nader Shavandi
- Department of exercise physiology, Faculty of Sport Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | - Ali Foroutan Nia
- Department of exercise physiology, Faculty of Sport Science, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is inconclusive evidence from observational studies to suggest that people who eat a diet rich in antioxidant vitamins (carotenoids, vitamins C, and E) or minerals (selenium and zinc) may be less likely to develop age-related macular degeneration (AMD). OBJECTIVES To determine whether or not taking antioxidant vitamin or mineral supplements, or both, prevent the development of AMD. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Trials Register) (2017, Issue 2), MEDLINE Ovid (1946 to 29 March 2017), Embase Ovid (1947 to 29 March 2017), AMED (Allied and Complementary Medicine Database) (1985 to 29 March 2017), OpenGrey (System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe) (www.opengrey.eu/); searched 29 March 2017, the ISRCTN registry (www.isrctn.com/editAdvancedSearch); searched 29 March 2017, ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrials.gov); searched 29 March 2017 and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (www.who.int/ictrp/search/en); searched 29 March 2017. We did not use any date or language restrictions in the electronic searches for trials. SELECTION CRITERIA We included all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing an antioxidant vitamin or mineral supplement (alone or in combination) to control. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Both review authors independently assessed risk of bias in the included studies and extracted data. One author entered data into RevMan 5; the other author checked the data entry. We pooled data using a fixed-effect model. We graded the certainty of the evidence using GRADE. MAIN RESULTS We included a total of five RCTs in this review with data available for 76,756 people. The trials were conducted in Australia, Finland, and the USA, and investigated vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, and multivitamin supplements. All trials were judged to be at low risk of bias.Four studies reported the comparison of vitamin E with placebo. Average treatment and follow-up duration ranged from 4 to 10 years. Data were available for a total of 55,614 participants. There was evidence that vitamin E supplements do not prevent the development of any AMD (risk ratio (RR) 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.90 to 1.06; high-certainty evidence), and may slightly increase the risk of late AMD (RR 1.22, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.67; moderate-certainty evidence) compared with placebo. Only one study (941 participants) reported data separately for neovascular AMD and geographic atrophy. There were 10 cases of neovascular AMD (RR 3.62, 95% CI 0.77 to 16.95; very low-certainty evidence), and four cases of geographic atrophy (RR 2.71, 95% CI 0.28 to 26.0; very low-certainty evidence). Two trials reported similar numbers of adverse events in the vitamin E and placebo groups. Another trial reported excess of haemorrhagic strokes in the vitamin E group (39 versus 23 events, hazard ratio 1.74, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.91, low-certainty evidence).Two studies reported the comparison of beta-carotene with placebo. These studies took place in Finland and the USA. Both trials enrolled men only. Average treatment and follow-up duration was 6 years and 12 years. Data were available for a total of 22,083 participants. There was evidence that beta-carotene supplements did not prevent any AMD (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.14; high-certainty evidence) nor have an important effect on late AMD (RR 0.90, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.24; moderate-certainty evidence). Only one study (941 participants) reported data separately for neovascular AMD and geographic atrophy. There were 10 cases of neovascular AMD (RR 0.61, 95% CI 0.17 to 2.15; very low-certainty evidence) and 4 cases of geographic atrophy (RR 0.31 95% CI 0.03 to 2.93; very low-certainty evidence). Beta-carotene was associated with increased risk of lung cancer in people who smoked.One study reported the comparison of vitamin C with placebo, and multivitamin (Centrum Silver) versus placebo. This was a study in men in the USA with average treatment duration and follow-up of 8 years for vitamin C and 11 years for multivitamin. Data were available for a total of 14,236 participants. AMD was assessed by self-report followed by medical record review. There was evidence that vitamin C supplementation did not prevent any AMD (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.79 to 1.18; high-certainty evidence) or late AMD (RR 0.94, 0.61 to 1.46; moderate-certainty evidence). There was a slight increased risk of any AMD (RR 1.21, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.43; moderate-certainty evidence) and late AMD (RR 1.22, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.69; moderate-certainty evidence) in the multivitamin group. Neovascular AMD and geographic atrophy were not reported separately. Adverse effects were not reported but there was possible increased risk of skin rashes in the multivitamin group.Adverse effects were not consistently reported in these eye studies, but there is evidence from other large studies that beta-carotene increases the risk of lung cancer in people who smoke or who have been exposed to asbestos.None of the studies reported quality of life or resource use and costs. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Taking vitamin E or beta-carotene supplements will not prevent or delay the onset of AMD. The same probably applies to vitamin C and the multivitamin (Centrum Silver) investigated in the one trial reported to date. There is no evidence with respect to other antioxidant supplements, such as lutein and zeaxanthin. Although generally regarded as safe, vitamin supplements may have harmful effects, and clear evidence of benefit is needed before they can be recommended. People with AMD should see the related Cochrane Review on antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of AMD, written by the same review team.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Evans
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical MedicineCochrane Eyes and Vision, ICEHKeppel StreetLondonUKWC1E 7HT
| | - John G Lawrenson
- City University of LondonCentre for Applied Vision Research, School of Health SciencesNorthampton SquareLondonUKEC1V 0HB
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Horák D, Pustovyy VI, Babinskyi AV, Palyvoda OM, Chekhun VF, Todor IN, Kuzmenko OI. Enhanced antitumor activity of surface-modified iron oxide nanoparticles and an α-tocopherol derivative in a rat model of mammary gland carcinosarcoma. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:4257-4268. [PMID: 28652731 PMCID: PMC5473599 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s137574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) nanoparticles were obtained by coprecipitation of ferrous and ferric salts in an alkaline medium followed by oxidation; the nanoparticles were coated with poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA) and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, attenuated total reflection (ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, thermogravimetric and elemental analyses, and magnetic measurements in terms of particle morphology, size, polydispersity, amount of coating, and magnetization, respectively. The effects of α-tocopherol (Toc) and its phenolic (Toc-6-OH) and acetate (Toc-6-Ac) derivatives on Fe2+ release from γ-Fe2O3@PDMA, as well as from γ-Fe2O3 and CuFe2O4 nanoparticles (controls), were examined in vitro using 1,10-phenanthroline. The presence of tocopherols enhanced spontaneous Fe2+ release from nanoparticles, with Toc-6-OH exhibiting more activity than neat Toc. All of the nanoparticles tested were found to initiate blood lipid oxidation in a concentration-dependent manner, as determined by analysis of 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive species. Wistar rats with Walker-256 carcinosarcoma (a model of mammary gland carcinosarcoma) received Toc-6-Ac, magnetic nanoparticles, or their combination per os, and the antitumor activity of each treatment was determined in vivo. γ-Fe2O3@PDMA nanoparticles exhibited increased antitumor activity compared to both commercial CuFe2O4 particles and the antitumor drug doxorubicin. Moreover, increased antitumor activity was observed after combined administration of γ-Fe2O3@PDMA nanoparticles and Toc-6-Ac; however, levels of bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, and white bloods normalized and did not differ from those of the intact controls. The antitumor activity of the γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles strongly correlated with Fe2+ release from the nanoparticles but not with nanoparticle-initiated lipid peroxidation in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Horák
- Department of Polymer Particles, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | - Vasyl Fedorovich Chekhun
- Department of Mechanisms of Antitumor Therapy, R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NASU, Ukraine
| | - Igor Nikolaevich Todor
- Department of Mechanisms of Antitumor Therapy, R. E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NASU, Ukraine
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kasperczyk S, Dobrakowski M, Kasperczyk A, Nogaj E, Boroń M, Szlacheta Z, Birkner E. α-Tocopherol supplementation and the oxidative stress, homocysteine, and antioxidants in lead exposure. Arch Environ Occup Health 2017; 72:153-158. [PMID: 27120705 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2016.1182112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To investigate whether α-tocopherol supplementation in workers exposed to lead would reduce the oxidative stress intensity and decrease homocysteine level, the examined population was randomly divided into two groups. Workers in the first group (n = 49, reference group) were not administered any drugs. Workers in the second group (n = 34) were administered orally α-tocopherol, 200 mg per day for 12 weeks. The level of α-tocopherol significantly increased compared to the baseline and the reference group. The level of thiol groups significantly increased compared to the reference group. However, the levels of malondialdehyde and homocysteine did not significantly change. Animal studies suggest the ability of α-tocopherol administration to reverse adverse health effects of lead exposure, such as oxidative stress; however, the results of this study on humans do not confirm these protective effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Kasperczyk
- a Department of Biochemistry , School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice , Poland
| | - Michał Dobrakowski
- a Department of Biochemistry , School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice , Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kasperczyk
- a Department of Biochemistry , School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice , Poland
| | - Ewa Nogaj
- b Higher School of Medicine , Sosnowiec , Poland
| | - Marta Boroń
- c Institute of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health , Sosnowiec , Poland
| | | | - Ewa Birkner
- a Department of Biochemistry , School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice , Poland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Martín-Saldaña S, Palao-Suay R, Aguilar MR, Ramírez-Camacho R, San Román J. Polymeric nanoparticles loaded with dexamethasone or α-tocopheryl succinate to prevent cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Acta Biomater 2017; 53:199-210. [PMID: 28213099 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is the development of highly protective agents to be administered locally within the middle ear to avoid cisplatin-induced ototoxicity, which affects to 100% of the clinical patients at ultra-high concentrations (16mg/kg). The protective agents are based on polymeric nanoparticles loaded with dexamethasone or α-tocopheryl succinate as anti-inflammarory and anti-apoptotic molecules. Dexamethasone and α-tocopheryl succinate are poorly soluble in water and present severe side effects when systemic administered during long periods of time. Their incorporation in the hydrophobic core of nanoparticles with the appropriate hydrodynamic properties provides the desired effects in vitro (lower cisplatin-induced toxicity, decreasing of caspase 3/7 activity, and lower IL-1β release) and in vivo (reducing the hearing loss at the local level). The local administration of the nanoparticles by bullostomy provides an adequate dose of drug without systemic interference with the chemotherapeutic effect of cisplatin. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE 100% of the cancer patients receiving ultra-high doses of CDDP (16mg/kg) suffer severe hearing loss, being a limiting factor in antineoplastic treatments. In this paper we describe the application of polymeric nanoparticles loaded with dexamethasone or α-tocopheryl succinate to palliate the cisplatin ototoxicity derived from chemotherapy treatment. These new nanoparticles, that encapsulate, transport, and deliver dexamethasone or α-tocopheryl succinate in the middle ear, are able to partially prevent ototoxicity derived from high doses of CDDP. This is an interdisciplinary study in which in vitro and in vivo experiments are described and extensively discussed. The importance of the results opens an excellent opportunity to the translation to the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Martín-Saldaña
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda University Hospital, C/ Manuel de Falla, 1, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC, C/ Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Palao-Suay
- Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC, C/ Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain
| | - María Rosa Aguilar
- Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC, C/ Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain.
| | - Rafael Ramírez-Camacho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda University Hospital, C/ Manuel de Falla, 1, 28222 Majadahonda, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco Campus University, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio San Román
- Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, CSIC, C/ Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Madan A, Ferguson M, Rheault P, Seiden D, Toma A, Friel D, Soni J, Li P, Innis BL, Schuind A. Immunogenicity and safety of an AS03-adjuvanted H7N1 vaccine in adults 65years of age and older: A phase II, observer-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Vaccine 2017; 35:1865-1872. [PMID: 28302407 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND H7 influenza strains can cause severe and often fatal human infections, especially in the elderly. This phase II, observer-blind, randomized trial (www.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01949090) assessed the immunogenicity and safety of a novel AS03-adjuvanted H7N1 vaccine that may serve as a model H7-subtype vaccine. METHODS 360 adults ≥65years of age in stable health received either 1 of 4 adjuvanted A/mallard/Netherlands/12/2000 split virion vaccine formulations (3.75μg or 7.5μg hemagglutinin adjuvanted with either AS03A or AS03B) or saline placebo, given as a 2-dose series. Immunogenicity was assessed using hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and microneutralization (MN) assays for the per-protocol cohort, comprising 332 participants at 21days post-each dose, 332 at month 6, and 309 at month 12 (HI assay only). Safety was assessed up to month 12 for all participants who had received ≥1 dose (360 participants). RESULTS For H7N1 HI antibody assessment at day 42 (21days post-dose 2), seroprotection rates (SPR) in the vaccinated groups were 69.6%-88.7%, seroconversion rates (SCR) 69.6%-88.5%, mean geometric increase (MGI) 11.0-18.9, and HI geometric mean titers (GMTs) 55.0-104.8. These parameters declined by month 6 and month 12. Microneutralization GMTs were 46.2-74.7 in the vaccinated groups at day 42, while vaccine response rate (VRR; proportion with ≥4-fold increase in MN titer) was 46.4%-81.5%. For the cross-reactive H7N9 strain, at day 42, HI GMT were 64.3-201.3, SPR 78.6%-96.3%, SCR 79.3%-96.3%, and MGI 14.1-37.7; MN GMTs were 44.0-85.6, and VRR 46.4-85.2%. The most frequent solicited symptom was injection site pain (41.7%-65.0% of vaccine recipients). In total, 40 participants reported 67 serious adverse events; none were considered causally related to vaccination. CONCLUSIONS In adults aged ≥65years, the adjuvanted H7N1 vaccine was immunogenic after 2 doses, and had an acceptable safety profile. www.ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01949090.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Madan
- GSK, 2301 Renaissance Blvd, RN0220, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA.
| | - Murdo Ferguson
- Colchester Research Group, 68 Robie Street, Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 1L2, Canada
| | - Paul Rheault
- Medicor Research Inc, 202-1280 Lasalle Blvd, Sudbury P3A 1Y8, Canada
| | - David Seiden
- Broward Research Group, 7261 Sheridan Street, Suite 210, Hollywood 33024, USA
| | - Azhar Toma
- Manna Research, 2291 Kipling Avenue Suite 117B, Toronto, Ontario M9W 4L6, Canada.
| | | | - Jyoti Soni
- GSK, No. 5, Embassy, Bangalore 560052, India
| | - Ping Li
- GSK, 2301 Renaissance Blvd, RN0220, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA.
| | - Bruce L Innis
- GSK, 2301 Renaissance Blvd, RN0220, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA.
| | - Anne Schuind
- GSK, 2301 Renaissance Blvd, RN0220, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhang J, Hu X, Zhang J. Associations between serum vitamin E concentration and bone mineral density in the US elderly population. Osteoporos Int 2017; 28:1245-1253. [PMID: 27909782 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3855-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mixed findings regarding effects of vitamin E on bone metabolism existed. We were the first to find a negative association between serum α-tocopherol concentration and bone mineral density in the US elderly population. Using vitamin E supplement as α-tocopherol to promote bone health was not warranted at this time. INTRODUCTION The aim of the study is to examine the associations between serum vitamin E (α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol) status and bone mineral density (BMD) among the US elderly population. METHODS We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2006. This cross-sectional study finally included 989 subjects who were not having liver diseases, kidney diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, or cancers; were not treated for osteoporosis; and were not taking steroids or female hormones. Multivariable linear regression models were employed to examine the associations between serum vitamin E (α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol) concentration and BMDs of total spine and femoral neck after adjusting for covariates and potential confounders. RESULTS Significant differences in serum α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol levels, dietary intake of vitamin E as α-tocopherol, and BMDs of total spine and femoral neck were presented between male and female participants. Serum α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol concentrations were found to be inversely correlated (r = -0.169, P < 0.001). In univariable linear models, significant negative associations between serum α-tocopherol and both total spine BMD (β = -0.0014, P = 0.002) and femoral neck BMD (β = -0.0017, P < 0.001) were found. Accounting for covariates, serum α-tocopherol level was negatively associated with femoral neck BMD (β = -0.0007, P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS This study found a negative association between serum α-tocopherol concentration and femoral neck BMD in the US elderly population, suggesting a harmful effect of α-tocopherol on bone health. Future studies are warranted to further examine the dose-response relationships between individual vitamin E isomers and bone metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - X Hu
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Liu B, Han L, Liu J, Han S, Chen Z, Jiang L. Co-delivery of paclitaxel and TOS-cisplatin via TAT-targeted solid lipid nanoparticles with synergistic antitumor activity against cervical cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:955-968. [PMID: 28203075 PMCID: PMC5293363 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s115136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is a major world health problem for women. Currently, cancer research focuses on improving therapy for cervical cancer using various treatment options such as co-delivery of chemotherapeutic agents by nanocarriers. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to develop trans-activating transcriptional activator (TAT)-modified solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for co-delivery of paclitaxel (PTX) and α-tocopherol succinate-cisplatin prodrug (TOS-CDDP) (TAT PTX/TOS-CDDP SLNs) in order to achieve synergistic antitumor activity against cervical cancer. METHODS Lipid prodrug of CDDP (TOS-CDDP) and TAT-containing polyethylene glycol-distearoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (TAT-PEG-DSPE) were synthesized. TAT PTX/TOS-CDDP SLNs were prepared by emulsification and solvent evaporation method. Physicochemical characteristics of SLNs such as size, morphology, and release profiles were explored. In vitro and in vivo studies were carried out to assess the efficacy of their antitumor activity in target cells. RESULTS TAT PTX/TOS-CDDP SLNs could be successfully internalized by HeLa cells and showed a synergistic effect in the suppression of cervical tumor cell growth. They exhibited high tumor tissue accumulation, superior antitumor efficiency, and much lower toxicity in vivo. CONCLUSION The present study indicates that the co-delivery system provides a promising platform as a combination therapy for the treatment of cervical cancer, and possibly other types of cancer as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Ji’nan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Han
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Ji’nan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junyan Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Ji’nan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shumei Han
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Ji’nan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Ji’nan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lixi Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Ji’nan, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Iizaka S, Nagata S, Sanada H. Nutritional Status and Habitual Dietary Intake Are Associated with Frail Skin Conditions in Community-Dwelling Older People. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21:137-146. [PMID: 28112767 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-016-0736-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prevention of frail skin is important in older people because frail skin is associated with a risk of injury in this population. In this study, we investigated the association of nutritional status and habitual dietary intake with skin conditions in community-dwelling older people. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Three community settings in Japan from autumn to winter. PARTICIPANTS Older people aged ≥65 years without care-need certification (n=118). MEASUREMENTS Malnutrition and obesity were evaluated to assess the nutritional status. Nutrient and food group intakes per 1000 kcal were evaluated using a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. Dietary patterns based on food groups were evaluated by principal component analysis. Skin condition parameters, including stratum corneum hydration, appearance of xerosis (specific symptom sum score [SRRC score]), and dermal intensity by high-frequency ultrasonography, were measured on a lower leg. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed with adjustment for confounders. RESULTS The mean (standard deviation) age was 74.1 (4.8) years, and 83.1% of participants were female. A higher intake of plant fat (p=0.018) was associated with a lower SRRC score. Higher intakes of α-tocopherol (p=0.050) and vitamin C (p=0.017) were associated with increased dermal intensity. A body mass index ≥25 (p=0.016) was associated with decreased dermal intensity. A dietary pattern characterized by higher vegetable and fruit intake was associated with a better skin condition. CONCLUSION Plant fat, antioxidant vitamins, and a dietary pattern characterized by vegetables and fruits showed positive and obesity showed negative associations for frail skin in community-dwelling older people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Iizaka
- Shinji Iizaka, RN, PhD, School of Nutrition, College of Nursing and Nutrition, Shukutoku University. 673 Nitonacho, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan Phone:81-43-305-1881 E-mail:
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Qu Q, Ma X, Zhao Y. Anticancer Effect of α-Tocopheryl Succinate Delivered by Mitochondria-Targeted Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:34261-34269. [PMID: 27998109 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b13974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria targeted mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) having an average diameter of 68 nm were fabricated and then loaded with hydrophobic anticancer agent α-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS). The property of targeting mitochondria was achieved by the surface functionalization of triphenylphosphonium (TPP) on MSNPs, since TPP is an effective mitochondria-targeting ligand. Intracellular uptake and mitochondria targeting of fabricated MSNPs were evaluated in HeLa and HepG2 cancerous cell lines as well as HEK293 normal cell line. In addition, various biological assays were conducted with the aim to investigate the effectiveness of α-TOS delivered by the functional MSNPs, including studies of cytotoxicity, mitochondria membrane potential, intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, and apoptosis. On the basis of these experiments, high anticancer efficiency of α-TOS delivered by mitochondria targeted MSNPs was demonstrated, indicating a promising application potential of MSNP-based platform in mitochondria targeted delivery of anticancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Qu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Xing Ma
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link, 637371 Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798 Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Vossen E, Claeys E, Raes K, van Mullem D, De Smet S. Supra-nutritional levels of α-tocopherol maintain the oxidative stability of n-3 long-chain fatty acid enriched subcutaneous fat and frozen loin, but not of dry fermented sausage. J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:4523-4530. [PMID: 26869453 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meat products enriched with n-3 fatty acids are more prone to oxidation. The aim was to investigate whether supra-nutritional levels of α-tocopherol can enhance the colour and lipid oxidative stability of n-3 fatty acids enriched dry fermented sausages, frozen loins and subcutaneous fat. Pigs were fed a diet supplemented with 18 g kg(-1) fish oil and 50, 150 or 300 mg kg(-1) α-tocopheryl acetate. The control group received 12 g kg(-1) soy oil and 150 mg kg(-1) α-tocopheryl acetate. RESULTS α-Tocopherol levels of the frozen loin, dry fermented sausage and subcutaneous fat were elevated as a result of the dietary α-tocopherol supplementation. Lipid oxidation occurred to the same extend in the n-3 fatty acid enriched frozen loins when compared to the control group. In the subcutaneous fat enriched with n-3 fatty acids reduced lipid oxidation was found when comparing 50 mg kg(-1) versus 150 and 300 mg kg(-1) . However, in the dry fermented sausages no such effect was observed and higher TBARS values were found in the n-3 fatty acid enriched sausages compared to the control group. Colour parameters of the loin and subcutaneous fat were not affected, whereas some significant differences in the dry fermented sausages were found. The colour stability of the frozen loins was not affected by the dietary treatments. CONCLUSION Supra-nutritional levels of α-tocopherol maintain the oxidative stability of n-3 fatty acid enriched frozen loins and subcutaneous fat, but not of dry fermented sausages. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Els Vossen
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Erik Claeys
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Katleen Raes
- Laboratory for Food Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Industrial Biological Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University - Campus Kortrijk, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | | | - Stefaan De Smet
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Shibata A, Kawakami Y, Kimura T, Miyazawa T, Nakagawa K. α-Tocopherol Attenuates the Triglyceride- and Cholesterol-Lowering Effects of Rice Bran Tocotrienol in Rats Fed a Western Diet. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:5361-5366. [PMID: 27295311 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b02228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated the ability of tocotrienol (T3) to lower levels of lipids, including cholesterol (Cho) and triglycerides (TG). Although α-tocopherol (α-Toc) reportedly inhibits the hypocholesterolemic effect of T3, there is no information about whether α-Toc influences the TG-lowering effect of T3 in vivo. In this study, we investigated the influence of α-Toc on the antihyperlipidemic effects (Cho- and TG-lowering) of rice bran tocotrienols (RBT3) in F344 rats fed a western diet. α-Toc attenuated both the Cho- and TG-lowering effects of RBT3 in vivo, whereas α-Toc alone exhibited no hypolipidemic effects. RBT3-induced Cpt-1a and Cyp7a1 gene expression was reduced by α-Toc. Furthermore, coadministration of α-Toc decreased liver and adipose tissue concentrations of tocotrienols in F344 rats. These results indicate that α-Toc has almost no antihyperlipidemic effect in vivo, but abrogates the antihyperlipidemic effect of RBT3 by reducing tissue concentrations of tocotrienols and regulating expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism. Understanding the underlying mechanism of the beneficial effects of T3 on lipid metabolism and the interaction with α-Toc will be important for developing T3-based therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Shibata
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University , Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawakami
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University , Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kimura
- Division of Food Function Research, Food Research Institute, NARO , Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
| | - Teruo Miyazawa
- Food and Biotechnology Innovation Project, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe), Tohoku University , Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Food and Health Science Research Unit, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University , Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Nakagawa
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University , Sendai 981-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Güney M, Demirin H, Oral B, Ozgüner M, Bayhan G, Altuntas I. Ovarian toxicity in rats caused by methidathion and ameliorating effect of vitamins E and C. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 26:491-8. [PMID: 17698944 DOI: 10.1177/0960327106077505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the effect of subchronic administration of methidathion (MD) on ovary evaluated ameliorating effects of vitamins E and C against MD toxicity. Experimental groups were as follows: control group; a group treated with 5 mg/kg body weight MD (MD group); and a group treated with 5 mg/kg body weight MD plus vitamin E and vitamin C (MD + Vit group). MD and MD + Vit groups were given MD by gavage five days a week for four weeks at a dose level of 5 mg/kg/day by using corn oil as the vehicle. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA: an indicator of lipid peroxidation) concentration, serum activity of cholinesterase (ChE), and ovary histopathology were studied. The level of MDA increased significantly in the MD group compared with the control ( P < 0.005). Serum MDA decreased significantly in the MD + Vit group compared with the MD group ( P < 0.05). The activities of ChE decreased significantly both in the MD and MD + Vit groups compared with the controls ( P < 0.05). However, the decrease in the MD + Vit groups was less than in the MD group; the ChE activity in the MD + Vit group was significantly higher compared with MD group ( P < 0.05). Number of ovarian follicles were significantly lower in the MD group compared to the controls ( P < 0.05). Number of atretic follicles were significantly higher in the MD group than in the controls ( P < 0.05). Follicle counts in MD + Vit group showed that all types of ovarian follicles were significantly higher, and a significant decrease in the number of atretic follicles compared with the MD group ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, subchronic MD administration caused an ovarian damage, in addition, LPO may be one of the molecular mechanisms involved in MD-induced toxicity. Treatment with vitamins E and C after the administration of MD reduced LPO and ovarian damage. Human & Experimental Toxicology (2007) 26, 491—498
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Güney
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Antébi H, Mansoor O, Ferrier C, Tétégan M, Morvan C, Rangaraj J, Alcindor LG. Liver function and plasma antioxidant status in intensive care unit patients requiring total parenteral nutrition: comparison of 2 fat emulsions. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2016; 28:142-8. [PMID: 15141405 DOI: 10.1177/0148607104028003142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Efficacy and safety of an alpha-tocopherol-enriched emulsion incorporating soybean, coconut, olive, and fish oils (SMOF) are compared in terms of biologic parameters to those of soybean oil-based emulsion (LIPOVEN). METHODS Twenty stressed patients were randomly assigned in a double-blind study to receive at least a 5-day course of total parenteral nutrition. Plasma activities of liver enzymes, C-reactive protein, antioxidant capacity, alpha-tocopherol, retinol, and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-alpha-tocopherol levels were determined. LDL-lipid oxidation is measured after incubation of the LDL in the presence of a prooxidant. RESULTS The plasma activities of liver enzymes and the phospholipids/apo A1 ratio were increased in both groups. However, in the SMOF group the increases were lower than in the LIPOVEN group and non-significant for the CRP plasma level and the alanineamino-transferase activity. Before parenteral nutrition, the plasma antioxidant status was markedly reduced in both groups. After parenteral nutrition discontinuation, the antioxidant capacity and the amount of LDL-derived oxidation by-products formed were comparable in both groups. There was a significant improvement in plasma lipophilic antioxidant vitamins and LDL-alpha-tocopherol levels only in the SMOF group. CONCLUSIONS The lower increase of plasma liver enzymes and phospholipids/apo A1 ratio in the SMOF group suggest a better liver function than in the LIPOVEN group. This beneficial effect results in a higher liver mobilization and plasma levels of lipophilic antioxidants. They could, together with higher delivery of omega-3 fatty acids to peripheral tissues, contribute positively to survival rate of stressed patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Antébi
- Unité de Formation et de Recherches Medicale Paris-Ile-de-France-Ouest, University René Descartes, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Jena SK, Sangamwar AT. Polymeric micelles of amphiphilic graft copolymer of α-tocopherol succinate-g-carboxymethyl chitosan for tamoxifen delivery: Synthesis, characterization and in vivo pharmacokinetic study. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 151:1162-1174. [PMID: 27474667 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.06.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Novel amphiphilic graft copolymers were prepared from low molecular weight carboxymethyl chitosan (LMW Cmc) and α-tocopherol succinate (TS) via an amidation reaction and confirmed by (1)H NMR and IR spectroscopy. These graft copolymers are self-assembled to nanosized core-shell-structural micelles in an aqueous milieu. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) decreased with an increasing substitution of TS on LMW Cmc, which ranged from 7.94×10(-8) to 1.58×10(-6)g/mL. Cmc-TS4.5 (Cmc-TS with a charged molar ratio of TS to glucosamine units of Cmc∼4.5) was shown maximum TMX loading up to 8.08±0.98%. Both blank and TMX-loaded PM's of Cmc-TS4.5 exhibit spherical shape with particle size below 200nm. An in vitro release study in simulated gastric and intestinal fluid demonstrated that TMX release from TMX-PM4.5 (TMX-PMs prepared with amphiphilic polymer Cmc-TS4.5, and the weight ratio of Cmc-TS4.5 to TMX was 8:1) was slow and pH dependent. In vivo oral absorption study revealed Cmc-TS4.5 based PM's permeated the epithelial barrier via the paracellular route without causing any intestinal damage. In vivo toxicity study demonstrated the safety of PM's after oral administration. Compared to tamoxifen control, TMX-PM4.5 dosed to fasted female Sprague Dawley rats showed a 1.9 fold increase in AUC0-72h. Thus, the results suggested that Cmc-TS micelles are a promising carrier for TMX delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K Jena
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S Nagar 160062, Punjab, India
| | - Abhay T Sangamwar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S Nagar 160062, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
König J, Besoke F, Stuetz W, Malarski A, Jahreis G, Grune T, Höhn A. Quantification of age-related changes of α-tocopherol in lysosomal membranes in murine tissues and human fibroblasts. Biofactors 2016; 42:307-15. [PMID: 27095633 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Considering the biological function of α-tocopherol (α-Toc) as a potent protective factor against oxidative stress, this antioxidant is in the focus of aging research. To understand the role of α-Toc during aging we investigated α-Toc concentrations in young and aged primary human fibroblasts after supplementation with RRR-α-Toc. Additionally, α-Toc contents were determined in brain, kidney, and liver tissue of 10 week-, 18 month-, and 24 month-old mice, which were fed a standard diet containing 100 mg/kg dl-α-tocopheryl acetate. α-Toc concentrations in isolated lysosomes and the expression of the α-Toc transport proteins Niemann Pick C1 (NPC1), Niemann Pick C2 (NPC2), and lipoprotein lipase were also analyzed. Obtained data show a significant age-related increase of α-Toc in murine liver, kidney, and brain tissue as well as in human dermal fibroblasts. Also liver and kidney lysosomes are marked by elevated α-Toc contents with aging. NPC1 and NPC2 protein amounts are significantly decreased in adult and aged murine kidney tissue. Also aged human dermal fibroblasts show decreased NPC1 amounts. Supplementation of young and aged fibroblasts led also to decreased NPC1 amounts, suggesting a direct role of this protein in α-Toc distribution. Our results indicate an age-dependent increase of α-Toc in different murine tissues as well as in human fibroblasts. Furthermore saturation and intracellular distribution of α-Toc seem to be strongly dependent on the availability of this vitamin as well as on the presence of the lysosomal protein NPC1. © 2016 BioFactors, 42(3):307-315, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette König
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Fabian Besoke
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Stuetz
- Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Department of Biofunctionality and Safety of Food, Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutritional Science, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Angelika Malarski
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
| | - Gerhard Jahreis
- Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annika Höhn
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|