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Jung KM, Yoo E, Han JY. An in vitro validation system for chicken bioreactors using immortalized chicken oviductal epithelial cells. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103723. [PMID: 38652946 PMCID: PMC11063497 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The utilization of chicken oviductal epithelial cells (OECs) as a bioreactor to produce therapeutic proteins has shown promise, but the time taken to obtain transgenic offspring impedes efficient validation of protein production. To overcome this barrier, we focused on the immortalization of chicken OECs (cOECs) using retroviral vector-mediated c-MYC oncogene expression to establish an in vitro pre-validation system for chicken bioreactors. The resulting immortalized cOECs exhibited sustained proliferation, maintained a normal diploid chicken karyotype, and expressed key oviduct-specific genes (OVA, OVM, LYZ, AVD, and ESR1). Notably, hormonal administration of diethylstilbestrol (DES) or progesterone (P4) upregulated oviduct-specific genes in these cells. To enhance the utility of these immortalized cOECs as an in vitro validation system for chicken bioreactors, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) technology was employed to knock-in (KI) an enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) gene at the ovalbumin (OVA) locus. The resulting OVA EGFP KI immortalized cOECs secreted both EGFP and OVA proteins into the culture medium, with secretion enhanced under DES treatment. This successful integration of an exogenous gene into cOECs enhances their potential as a versatile in vitro validation system for chicken bioreactors. The established immortalized cOECs overcome previous challenges associated with long-term culture and maintenance, providing a reliable platform for efficient protein production validation. This study presents a comprehensive characterization of the immortalized cOECs, addressing critical limitations associated with in vivo systems and laying a foundation for the development of a streamlined and effective chicken bioreactor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Min Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Eunhui Yoo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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Min YG, Moon Y, Kwon YN, Lee BJ, Park KA, Han JY, Han J, Lee HJ, Baek SH, Kim BJ, Kim JS, Park KS, Kim NH, Kim M, Nam TS, Oh SI, Jung JH, Sung JJ, Jang MJ, Kim SJ, Kim SM. Prognostic factors of first-onset optic neuritis based on diagnostic criteria and antibody status: a multicentre analysis of 427 eyes. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2024:jnnp-2023-333133. [PMID: 38418215 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2023-333133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optic neuritis (ON) prognosis is influenced by various factors including attack severity, underlying aetiologies, treatments and consequences of previous episodes. This study, conducted on a large cohort of first ON episodes, aimed to identify unique prognostic factors for each ON subtype, while excluding any potential influence from pre-existing sequelae. METHODS Patients experiencing their first ON episodes, with complete aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody testing, and clinical data for applying multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnostic criteria, were enrolled. 427 eyes from 355 patients from 10 hospitals were categorised into four subgroups: neuromyelitis optica with AQP4 IgG (NMOSD-ON), MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD-ON), ON in MS (MS-ON) or idiopathic ON (ION). Prognostic factors linked to complete recovery (regaining 20/20 visual acuity (VA)) or moderate recovery (regaining 20/40 VA) were assessed through multivariable Cox regression analysis. RESULTS VA at nadir emerged as a robust prognostic factor for both complete and moderate recovery, spanning all ON subtypes. Early intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) was associated with enhanced complete recovery in NMOSD-ON and MOGAD-ON, but not in MS-ON or ION. Interestingly, in NMOSD-ON, even a slight IVMP delay in IVMP by >3 days had a significant negative impact, whereas a moderate delay up to 7-9 days was permissible in MOGAD-ON. Female sex predicted poor recovery in MOGAD-ON, while older age hindered moderate recovery in NMOSD-ON and ION. CONCLUSION This comprehensive multicentre analysis on first-onset ON unveils subtype-specific prognostic factors. These insights will assist tailored treatment strategies and patient counselling for ON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Gi Min
- Department of Translational Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Yeji Moon
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Young Nam Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Byung Joo Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Kyung-Ah Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jinu Han
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Haeng-Jin Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Seol-Hee Baek
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Byung-Jo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jun-Soon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Kyung Seok Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Nam-Hee Kim
- Department of Neurology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Ilsan, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Martha Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Ilsan, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Tai-Seung Nam
- Department of Neurology, Chonnam University Hospital, Hwasun, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Seong-Il Oh
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Department of Neurology, Busan Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jae Ho Jung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Jung-Joon Sung
- Department of Translational Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Myoung-Jin Jang
- Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Seong-Joon Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Sung-Min Kim
- Department of Translational Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
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Han JY, Han J, Han SH. Efficacy of part-time patching in preventing recurrence after bilateral lateral rectus recession in children with intermittent exotropia. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:510. [PMID: 38098018 PMCID: PMC10722733 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03259-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluate the efficacy of part-time patching in preventing recurrence after bilateral lateral rectus recession (BLR) in patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT). METHODS A total of 190 children aged 3-13 years who experienced recurrence after BLR for IXT and received part-time patching were retrospectively reviewed. The patching was prescribed for 2 h per day for more than 6 months. Patients who had a recurrence of 18 PD or more underwent reoperation. Changes in exodeviation and reoperation ratio after part-time patching were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 34 patients (17.9%) received reoperation after part-time patching, and the reoperation ratio after 2 years was 20.3% as per the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Patients with a recurrence of 7 to 10 PD showed a significantly better effect compared to those with a recurrence of more than 10 PD (p < 0.001), and the reoperation ratio was also lower in the survival analysis (p = 0.004). The factor associated with reoperation in patients with part-time patching was the duration between the operation and the initiation of part-time patching (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.006, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Part-time patching was effective in maintaining the efficacy of surgery and delaying the need of reoperation after BLR. This effect was better in patients with a recurrence of ≤ 10 PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yong Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonseiro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinu Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonseiro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sueng-Han Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonseiro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Han JY, Kim S, Han J, Kim SS, Han SH, Lee SW, Kim YJ. Neuro-Ophthalmic Adverse Events of COVID-19 Infection and Vaccines: A Nationwide Cohort Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:37. [PMID: 38010696 PMCID: PMC10683766 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.14.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the association of COVID-19 infection and vaccination with neuro-ophthalmic adverse events. Methods In this nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study, 8,498,353 patients were classified into three groups: control, COVID-19 infection, and COVID-19 vaccination. We conducted separate analyses for the early phase (within 60 days) and late phases (61-180 days) to estimate the incidence rates and hazard ratio (HR) for each neuro-ophthalmic adverse event. The adverse events included in this analysis were optic neuritis, papilledema, ischemic optic neuropathy, third nerve palsy, fourth nerve palsy, sixth nerve palsy, facial palsy, nystagmus, ptosis, blepharospasm, anomalies of pupillary function, and Guillain-Barré syndrome/Miller Fisher syndrome (GBS/MFS). Results Neuro-ophthalmic adverse events other than ptosis and GBS/MFS exhibited no significant increase after COVID-19, and their incidence was extremely low. The incidence rate of ptosis in both phases was significantly higher in patients administered COVID-19 vaccination (HR = 1.65 in the early phase and HR = 2.02 in the late phase) than in the control group. Additionally, BNT162b2 conferred a lower ptosis risk than ChAdOx1. GBS/MFS had a significantly higher incidence rate in the early phase (HR = 5.97) in patients with COVID-19 infection than in the control group. Conclusions Ptosis was associated with COVID-19 vaccination, particularly with the ChAdOx1 vaccine, while GBS/MFS was associated with COVID-19 infection. In contrast, no association was found between other neuro-ophthalmic adverse events and COVID-19 infection or vaccination. These results may provide helpful insights for diagnosing and treating the neuro-ophthalmological adverse events after COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yong Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyeup Kim
- Department of Medical AI, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinu Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sueng-Han Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Won Lee
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Joon Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Park JS, Woo SJ, Song CS, Han JY. Modification of surface glycan by expression of beta-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase (B4GALNT2) confers resistance to multiple viruses infection in chicken fibroblast cell. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1160600. [PMID: 37483287 PMCID: PMC10358734 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1160600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Infectious viruses in poultry, such as avian influenza virus (AIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV), are one of the most major threats to the poultry industry, resulting in enormous economic losses. AIVs and NDVs preferentially recognize α-2,3-linked sialic acid to bind to target cells. The human beta-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase 2 (B4GALNT2) modifies α-2,3-linked sialic acid-containing glycan by transferring N-acetylgalactosamine to the sub-terminal galactose of the glycan, thus playing a pivotal role in preventing viruses from binding to cell surfaces. However, chickens lack a homolog of the B4GALNT2 gene. Methods Here, we precisely tagged the human B4GALNT2 gene downstream of the chicken GAPDH so that the engineered cells constitutively express the human B4GALNT2. We performed a lectin binding assay to analyze the modification of α-2,3-linked sialic acid-containing glycan by human B4GALNT2. Additionally, we infected the cells with AIV and NDV and compared cell survivability, viral gene transcription, and viral titer using the WST-1 assay, RT-qPCR and TCID50 assay, respectively. Results We validated human B4GALNT2 successfully modified α-2,3-linked sialic acid-containing glycan in chicken DF-1 cells. Following viral infection, we showed that human B4GALNT2 reduced infection of two AIV subtypes and NDV at 12-, 24-, and 36-hours post-infection. Moreover, cells expressing human B4GALNT2 showed significantly higher cell survivability compared to wild-type DF-1 cells, and viral gene expression was significantly reduced in the cells expressing human B4GALNT2. Discussion Collectively, these results suggest that artificially expressing human B4GALNT2 in chicken is a promising strategy to acquire broad resistance against infectious viruses with a preference for α-2,3-linked sialic acids such as AIV and NDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Se Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Je Woo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Seon Song
- Avian Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Han JY, Zhang L, Gao SH, Dong SX, Ye BX. [Research on the standard limits for vinyl chloride and trichloroethylene in the "Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB5749-2022)" in China]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:835-838. [PMID: 37357200 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20221024-01027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The usage of vinyl chloride and trichloroethylene in China has been increasing year by year, and they have been detected in both drinking water and environmental water, making them important environmental pollutants. Based on the latest research results on the health effects of vinyl chloride and trichloroethylene, the newly issued, "Standards for Drinking Water Quality (GB5749-2022)" in China has adjusted the standard limit of vinyl chloride from 0.005 mg/L to 0.001 mg/L and the standard limit of trichloroethylene from 0.07 mg/L to 0.02 mg/L. This article analyzed and discussed the relevant technical contents for determining the above standard limits, including the levels and exposure conditions of vinyl chloride and trichloroethylene in the water environment, health effects, derivation of safety reference values, and determination of hygiene standard limits. Suggestions were also made for the implementation of this standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Han
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021, China
| | - L Zhang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021, China
| | - S H Gao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021, China
| | - S X Dong
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021, China
| | - B X Ye
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021, China
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Hu JY, Zhang SY, Yang M, Zhang HF, Kang QY, An W, Han JY. [Research on the establishment of standard limits for perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate in the "Standards for Drinking Water Quality(GB5749-2022)"in China]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:815-822. [PMID: 37357196 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20221022-01023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorinated compounds, especially Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), are widely detected in water environments in China. Considering the potential health risks of drinking water exposure routes, PFOA and PFOS have been added to the water quality reference index of the newly issued "Standards for Drinking Water Quality (GB5749-2022)", with limit values of 40 and 80 ng/L, respectively. This study analyzed and discussed the relevant technical contents for determining the limits of the hygiene standard, including the environmental existence level and exposure status of PFOA and PFOS, health effects, derivation of safety reference values, and determination of hygiene standard limits. It also proposed prospects for the future direction of formulating drinking water standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Hu
- College of Urban and Environment Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - S Y Zhang
- College of Urban and Environment Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - M Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - H F Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Q Y Kang
- College of Urban and Environment Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - W An
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - J Y Han
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
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Zhang L, Yao XY, Ye BX, Han JY, Gao SH. [Methodological study on the establishment of limit values in the Standards of Drinking Water Quality]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:839-843. [PMID: 37357201 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20221109-01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of limit values for standards of drinking water quality is an important and complex process. This study systematically introduced the methodology of the establishment of standard limit values for drinking water quality and elaborated on the workflow of setting limit values of water quality indicators, principles and methods of selecting water quality indicators, derivation of safety reference values, and establishment of limit values. It also aimed to provide reference and support for the future revision of relevant standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021, China
| | - X Y Yao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021, China
| | - B X Ye
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021, China
| | - J Y Han
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021, China
| | - S H Gao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health/National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021, China
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Park JS, Choi HJ, Jung KM, Lee KY, Shim JH, Park KJ, Kim YM, Han JY. Production of recombinant human IgG1 Fc with beneficial N-glycosylation pattern for anti-inflammatory activity using genome-edited chickens. Commun Biol 2023; 6:589. [PMID: 37264071 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04937-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a plasma-derived polyclonal IgG used for treatment of autoimmune diseases. Studies show that α-2,6 sialylation of the Fc improves anti-inflammatory activity. Also, afucosylation of the Fc efficiently blocks FcγRIIIA by increasing monovalent affinity to this receptor, which can be beneficial for treatment of refractory immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Here, we generated genome-edited chickens that synthesize human IgG1 Fc in the liver and secrete α-2,6 sialylated and low-fucosylated human IgG1 Fc (rhIgG1 Fc) into serum and egg yolk. Also, rhIgG1 Fc has higher affinity for FcγRIIIA than commercial IVIG. Thus, rhIgG1 Fc efficiently inhibits immune complex-mediated FcγRIIIA crosslinking and subsequent ADCC response. Furthermore, rhIgG1 Fc exerts anti-inflammatory activity in a passive ITP model, demonstrating chicken liver derived rhIgG1 Fc successfully recapitulated efficacy of IVIG. These results show that genome-edited chickens can be used as a production platform for rhIgG1 Fc with beneficial N-glycosylation pattern for anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Se Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Avinnogen Co., Ltd, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Youn Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Shim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Je Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Avinnogen Co., Ltd, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Han JY, Han J, Han SH. Correlation between bilateral lateral rectus muscle recession and myopic progression in children with intermittent exotropia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7200. [PMID: 37137972 PMCID: PMC10156685 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34441-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although several studies have reported about the relationship between the surgical correction of intermittent exotropia and myopic progression, it remains unclear, unlike the relationship between esotropia and hyperopia. Thus, this retrospective case control study evaluated the impact of bilateral lateral rectus recession in intermittent exotropia on myopic progression. This study included 388 patients with intermittent exotropia. The refractive errors and degree of exodeviation at each follow up period were analyzed. The rate of myopic progression was -0.46 ± 0.62 diopter (D)/year in patients who underwent surgery and -0.58 ± 0.78 D/year in patients who did not, with no significant difference between them (p = 0.254). Patients who had recurrences of more than 10 prism diopters were compared with patients who did not have. The rate of myopic progression was -0.57 ± 0.72 D/year in the recurrent group and -0.44 ± 0.61 D/year in the non-recurrent group, with no significant difference between them (p = 0.237). Patients with fast myopic progression had more recurrence than patients with slow progression (p = 0.042). Moreover, recurrence had a positive correlation with fast myopic progression (OR = 2.537, p = 0.021). Conclusively, the surgical correction of intermittent exotropia did not influence myopic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yong Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonseiro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinu Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonseiro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sueng-Han Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonseiro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Wang XN, Wu SD, Han JY, Deng TL, Wang C, Wang H. [The role of fluorescent cholangiography in preventing biliary tract injury and finding bile leakage]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:1242-1244. [PMID: 37087409 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20221023-02215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
The study investigated the clinical value of fluorescence cholangiography using indocyanine green (ICG) in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) in preventing bile duct injury (BDI) and detecting bile leakage. A total of 300 patients who underwent fluorescent navigation LC and LCBDE in the Second Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University from June 2020 to September 2022 were selected as the research objects for observation and analysis. There were 114 males and 186 females, and aged (50.7±14.0) years with the body mass index (BMI) of (23.6±1.6) kg/m². All 300 cases of fluorescence navigation surgery were successfully completed, of which 5 patients received fluorescence-guided LCBDE and primary suture. The results showed that the application of fluorescence cholangiography with ICG can effectively avoid and detect the occurrence of BDI and bile leakage. Meanwhile, it is reasonable to hypothesize that ICG can be used for rapid localization and the final check to prevent the recurrence of bile leakage when bile leakage is suspected in the second operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- X N Wang
- Department of General Surgery Ⅱ, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110004, China
| | - S D Wu
- Department of General Surgery Ⅱ, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110004, China
| | - J Y Han
- Department of General Surgery Ⅱ, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110004, China
| | - T L Deng
- Department of General Surgery Ⅱ, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110004, China
| | - C Wang
- Department of General Surgery Ⅱ, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110004, China
| | - H Wang
- Department of General Surgery Ⅱ, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110004, China
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Choi HJ, Jung KM, Park KJ, Lee KY, Woo SJ, Han JY. Single-cell transcriptome analysis of male chicken germ cells reveals changes in signaling pathway-related gene expression profiles during mitotic arrest. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:833-844. [PMID: 36961279 PMCID: PMC10153307 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitotic arrest is necessary for embryonic development of germ cells, and thus it is important to understand the signaling pathways that regulate mitotic arrest. Here, we investigated the signaling pathway dynamics of male embryonic chicken germ cells during mitotic arrest by single-cell transcriptome analysis using germ cell tracing models. We identified signaling pathways that change at the transcriptional level during chicken male germ cell development after sex determination. We found that several components of the BMP, Notch, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways were downregulated at the mitotic-arrest stage and were reactivated one week after hatching, when all germ cells are quiescent after entering mitotic arrest. In addition, the transcriptional levels of components of the MAPK, Hedgehog, and thyroid-hormone signaling pathways were steadily upregulated after mitotic arrest. This suggests cooperation of multiple signaling pathways during entry into mitotic arrest and subsequent quiescence of chicken male germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jeong Choi
- Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Kyung Min Jung
- Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Kyung Je Park
- Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Kyung Youn Lee
- Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Seung Je Woo
- Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
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Jung KM, Kim YM, Han JY. Transplantation and enrichment of busulfan-resistant primordial germ cells into adult testes for efficient production of germline chimeras in songbirds†. Biol Reprod 2023; 108:316-323. [PMID: 36383400 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioac206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebra finch is a unique model for behavioral, neural, and genomic studies of vocal learning. Several transgenic zebra finches have been produced, although the germline transmission efficiencies are reportedly low. Recently, there have been attempts to produce germline chimeras using primordial germ cells (PGCs). However, this has been hampered by difficulties associated with the manipulation of the small eggs and the fact that the zebra finch is an altricial species that requires parental care after birth, unlike precocial chickens. Consequently, it is difficult to transplant PGCs into embryos and maintain the chimeras. Here, we developed a busulfan-mediated system for transplantation of PGCs into adult testes, to produce germline chimeras with an improved germline transmission capacity. We established microsomal glutathione-S-transferase II (MGSTII)-overexpressing PGCs that are resistant to busulfan, which induces germ cell-specific cytotoxicity, and transplanted them into testes rendered temporarily infertile by busulfan. The recipients were given a second dose of busulfan to deplete endogenous germ cells and enrich the transplanted cells, and donor cell-derived spermatogenesis was accomplished. This method requires fewer recipients due to higher survival rates, and there is no need to wait for maturation of the founders, which is required when transplanting PGCs into embryos. These results are expected to improve transgenic zebra finch production.
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Han JY, Lee HJ. Genome Editing Mediated by Primordial Germ Cell in Chicken. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2637:301-312. [PMID: 36773156 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3016-7_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Genome editing technology has facilitated the studies on exploring specific gene functions in diverse living organisms. The technology has also contributed to creating high-value livestock in industry fields in terms of enhancing productivity or acquiring disease resistance. Particularly, applying genome editing technologies in avian species has been emphasized in both academic and industrial fields due to their unique developmental patterns as well as application possibilities. To accomplish genome editing in avian species, gene integration into chicken primordial germ cell (PGC) genome using a virus or transposition systems has been widely used, and recently developed programmable genome editing technologies including clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated (Cas9) systems enable to edit the genetic information precisely for maximizing the application potentials of avian species. In these regards, this chapter will cover the methods for producing genome-edited chickens, particularly by CRISPR/Cas9 technologies allowing targeted gene insertion, gene knockout, and gene tagging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hong Jo Lee
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Kim YM, Park JS, Choi HJ, Jung KM, Lee KY, Shim JH, Park KJ, Han JY. Efficient production of recombinant human adiponectin in egg white using genome edited chickens. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1068558. [PMID: 36761986 PMCID: PMC9902655 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1068558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity-related metabolic diseases caused by insulin resistance is rapidly increasing worldwide. Adiponectin (ADPN), a hormone derived from adipose tissue, is a potential therapeutic agent for insulin resistance. Chickens are considered efficient bioreactors for recombinant protein production because they secrete large amounts of high-concentration proteins from the oviduct. Additionally, chickens express high levels of high-molecular-weight (HMW) ADPN, which is considered the active form in the body. Therefore, in this study, a gene-targeted chicken model was produced in which the gene encoding human ADPN was inserted into Ovalbumin (OVA) using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, and the characteristics of the resulting recombinant ADPN protein were evaluated. As a result, human ADPN was expressed in G1 hen oviducts and egg whites of OVA ADPN knock-in (KI) chickens. The concentration of ADPN in egg white ranged from 1.47 to 4.59 mg/mL, of which HMW ADPN accounted for ∼29% (0.24-1.49 mg/mL). Importantly, egg white-derived ADPN promoted expression of genes related to fatty acid oxidation and activated the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway in muscle cells. In summary, the OVA gene-targeted chicken bioreactor proved to be an advantageous model for production of human ADPN, and the resulting protein was of sufficient quantity and efficacy for industrial use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Min Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Avinnogen Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Se Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Avinnogen Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Youn Lee
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Institute of BioEngineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Shim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Je Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Jae Yong Han,
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Cao XC, Jiang SY, Li SJ, Han JY, Zhou Q, Li MM, Bai RM, Xia SW, Yang ZM, Ge JF, Zhang BQ, Yang CZ, Yuan J, Pan DD, Shi JY, Hu XF, Lin ZL, Wang Y, Zeng LC, Zhu YP, Wei QF, Guo Y, Chen L, Liu CQ, Jiang SY, Li XY, Sun HQ, Qi YJ, Hei MY, Cao Y. [Status of fungal sepsis among preterm infants in 25 neonatal intensive care units of tertiary hospitals in China]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2023; 61:29-35. [PMID: 36594118 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220918-00813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the prevalence and the risk factors of fungal sepsis in 25 neonatal intensive care units (NICU) among preterm infants in China, and to provide a basis for preventive strategies of fungal sepsis. Methods: This was a second-analysis of the data from the "reduction of infection in neonatal intensive care units using the evidence-based practice for improving quality" study. The current status of fungal sepsis of the 24 731 preterm infants with the gestational age of <34+0 weeks, who were admitted to 25 participating NICU within 7 days of birth between May 2015 and April 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. These preterm infants were divided into the fungal sepsis group and the without fungal sepsis group according to whether they developed fungal sepsis to analyze the incidences and the microbiology of fungal sepsis. Chi-square test was used to compare the incidences of fungal sepsis in preterm infants with different gestational ages and birth weights and in different NICU. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to study the outcomes of preterm infants with fungal sepsis, which were further compared with those of preterm infants without fungal sepsis. The 144 preterm infants in the fungal sepsis group were matched with 288 preterm infants in the non-fungal sepsis group by propensity score-matched method. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of fungal sepsis. Results: In all, 166 (0.7%) of the 24 731 preterm infants developed fungal sepsis, with the gestational age of (29.7±2.0) weeks and the birth weight of (1 300±293) g. The incidence of fungal sepsis increased with decreasing gestational age and birth weight (both P<0.001). The preterm infants with gestational age of <32 weeks accounted for 87.3% (145/166). The incidence of fungal sepsis was 1.0% (117/11 438) in very preterm infants and 2.0% (28/1 401) in extremely preterm infants, and was 1.3% (103/8 060) in very low birth weight infants and 1.7% (21/1 211) in extremely low birth weight infants, respectively. There was no fungal sepsis in 3 NICU, and the incidences in the other 22 NICU ranged from 0.7% (10/1 397) to 2.9% (21/724), with significant statistical difference (P<0.001). The pathogens were mainly Candida (150/166, 90.4%), including 59 cases of Candida albicans and 91 cases of non-Candida albicans, of which Candida parapsilosis was the most common (41 cases). Fungal sepsis was independently associated with increased risk of moderate to severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (adjusted OR 1.52, 95%CI 1.04-2.22, P=0.030) and severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (adjusted OR 2.55, 95%CI 1.12-5.80, P=0.025). Previous broad spectrum antibiotics exposure (adjusted OR=2.50, 95%CI 1.50-4.17, P<0.001), prolonged use of central line (adjusted OR=1.05, 95%CI 1.03-1.08, P<0.001) and previous total parenteral nutrition (TPN) duration (adjusted OR=1.04, 95%CI 1.02-1.06, P<0.001) were all independently associated with increasing risk of fungal sepsis. Conclusions: Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis are the main pathogens of fungal sepsis among preterm infants in Chinese NICU. Preterm infants with fungal sepsis are at increased risk of moderate to severe BPD and severe ROP. Previous broad spectrum antibiotics exposure, prolonged use of central line and prolonged duration of TPN will increase the risk of fungal sepsis. Ongoing initiatives are needed to reduce fungal sepsis based on these risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- X C Cao
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - S Y Jiang
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - S J Li
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - J Y Han
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Q Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - M M Li
- Department of Neonatology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - R M Bai
- Department of Neonatology, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 200001, China
| | - S W Xia
- Department of Neonatology, Maternal and Child Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Z M Yang
- Department of Neonatology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou 215008, China
| | - J F Ge
- Department of Neonatology, Shanxi Children's Hospital, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - B Q Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - C Z Yang
- Department of Neonatology, the Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518047, China
| | - J Yuan
- Department of Neonatology, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao 266011, China
| | - D D Pan
- Department of Neonatology, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang Children's Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China
| | - J Y Shi
- Department of Neonatology, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - X F Hu
- Department of Neonatology, Shanghai First Maternal and Infant Hospital, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Z L Lin
- Department of Neonatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325088, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Neonatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - L C Zeng
- Department of Neonatology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Y P Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi 830054, China
| | - Q F Wei
- Department of Neonatology, Maternity and Child Health Care of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530002, China
| | - Y Guo
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - L Chen
- Department of Neonatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - C Q Liu
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050031, China
| | - S Y Jiang
- Department of Neonatology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - X Y Li
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan Children's Hospital, Jinan 250022, China
| | - H Q Sun
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - Y J Qi
- Department of Neonatology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China
| | - M Y Hei
- Department of Neonatology, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Y Cao
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai 201102, China
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Jang JH, Kang YK, Park HS, Kim K, Kim SS, Han JY, Kim HW, Bang JW, Song JS, Park SJ, Woo SJ, Joo KS, Yoo WS, Chung I, Cho YW, Lee JH, Choi HJ, Chung YR. Primary and additional treatment preference in aggressive retinopathy of prematurity and type 1 retinopathy of prematurity. BMJ Open Ophthalmol 2023. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2022-001166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the preference for antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) versus laser ablation therapy as primary and additional treatment in aggressive retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and type 1 ROP.MethodsThis multicentre retrospective study was conducted at nine medical centres across South Korea. A total of 94 preterm infants with ROP who underwent primary treatment between January 2020 and December 2021 were enrolled. All eyes were classified as having type 1 ROP or aggressive ROP. Data on the zone, primary treatment chosen, injection dose, presence of reactivation and additional treatment were collected and analysed.ResultsSeventy infants (131 eyes) with type 1 ROP and 24 infants (45 eyes) with aggressive ROP were included. Anti-VEGF injection was selected as the primary treatment in 74.05% of the infants with type 1 ROP and 88.89% with aggressive ROP. Anti-VEGF injection was selected as the ROP was located in zone I or posterior zone II, and laser ablation was selected when it was located in zone II. The anti-VEGF injection doses varied and tended to be higher in the aggressive ROP group. Infants with aggressive ROP were 2.08 times more likely to require additional treatment than those with type 1 ROP. When ROP reactivation occurred, laser therapy was preferred as an additional treatment.ConclusionIn Korea, the preference for anti-VEGF therapy or laser therapy differed according to ROP subtype, zone and primary or secondary treatment. These findings suggest that ROP treatment are considered according to ROP subtype, location and reactivation.
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Jung KM, Seo M, Han JY. Comparative single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals differences in signaling pathways in gonadal primordial germ cells between chicken (Gallus gallus) and zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata). FASEB J 2023; 37:e22706. [PMID: 36520042 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201569r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) have been used in avian genetic resource conservation and transgenic animal production. Despite their potential applications to numerous avian taxa facing extinction due to habitat loss and degradation, research has largely focused on poultry, such as chickens, in part owing to the difficulty in obtaining intact PGCs from other species. Recently, phenotypic differences between PGCs of chicken and zebra finch, a wild bird with vocal learning, in early embryonic development have been reported. In this study, we used advanced single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology to evaluate zebra finch and chicken PGCs and surrounding cells, and to identify species-specific characteristics. We constructed single-cell transcriptome landscapes of chicken gonadal PGCs for a comparison with previously reported scRNA-seq data for zebra finch. We identified interspecific differences in several signaling pathways in gonadal PGCs and somatic cells. In particular, NODAL and insulin signaling pathway activity levels were higher in zebra finch than in chickens, whereas activity levels of the downstream FGF signaling pathway, involved in the proliferation of chicken PGCs, were higher in chickens. This study is the first cross-species single-cell transcriptomic analysis targeting birds, revealing differences in germ cell development between phylogenetically distant Galliformes and Passeriformes. Our results provide a basis for understanding the reproductive physiology of avian germ cells and for utilizing PGCs in the restoration of endangered birds and the production of transgenic birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Min Jung
- Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minseok Seo
- Department of Computer and Information Science, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Zhang X, Gao SH, Han JY, Huang CM, Zhang L. [Influencing factors of Legionella reproduction in secondary water supply operation and management]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 56:1612-1617. [PMID: 36372752 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220614-00604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the pollution status and influencing factors of Legionella pneumophila in a secondary water supply facility in a city. Methods: From June to August 2020, a survey on the level of Legionella pneumophila in secondary water supply unit was carried out in a city in northern China, and 304 sets of secondary water supply facilities were included in the study. A total of 760 water samples were collected from the inlet and outlet water of the secondary water supply facilities and some water samples in the water tank were collected for the detection of Legionella pneumophila, standard plate-count bacteria and related physical and chemical indicators. Through questionnaire survey, the basic information of secondary water supply facilities and daily management of water quality were collected. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of Legionella pneumophila contamination. Results: Among 304 sets of secondary water supply facilities, most of them were located in residential buildings [57.24% (174/304)]. High and low water tank water supply, low water tank variable frequency conversion water supply and non-negative pressure water supply accounted for 26.6% (81/304), 36.8% (112/304) and 36.5% (111/304), respectively. About 25.7% of facilities (78/304) were positive for Legionella pneumophila. Among them, the positive rates of Legionella pneumophila in high and low water tank water supply, low water tank variable frequency conversion water supply and non-negative pressure water supply facilities were 38.3% (31/81), 29.5% (33/112) and 12.6% (14/111), respectively. The results of multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that the disinfectant residue could reduce the risk of Legionella pneumophila contamination in water samples, and the OR (95%CI) value was 0.083 (0.022-0.317). The increase of the standard plate-count bacteria and conductivity might increase the risk of Legionella pneumophila contamination in water samples. The OR (95%CI) values were 3.160 (1.667-5.99) and 1.004 (1.001-1.006), respectively. Compared with the non-negative pressure water supply, the risk of Legionella pneumophila contamination of secondary water supply facilities was increased by water supply from high and low water tanks and variable frequency conversion water supply from low water tanks, with OR (95%CI) values of 4.296 (2.096-8.803) and 2.894 (1.449-5.782), respectively. Conclusion: The positive rate of Legionella pneumophila in secondary water supply in the study city is high. Disinfectant residue, conductivity and method of water supply are associated with the positive rate of Legionella pneumophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - S H Gao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - J Y Han
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - C M Huang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
| | - L Zhang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China
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Kim YM, Shim JH, Park JS, Choi HJ, Jung KM, Lee KY, Park KJ, Han JY. Sequential verification of exogenous protein production in OVA gene-targeted chicken bioreactors. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102247. [PMID: 36335737 PMCID: PMC9640325 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The chicken has potential as an efficient bioreactor system because of its outstanding protein production capacity and low cost. The CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene-editing system enables production of highly marketable exogenous proteins in transgenic chicken bioreactors. However, because it takes approximately 18 mo to evaluate the recombinant protein productivity of the bioreactor due to the generation interval from G0 founders to G1 egg-laying hens, to verification of the exogenous protein at the early stage is difficult. Here we propose a system for sequential validation of exogenous protein production in chicken bioreactors as in hatching female chicks as well as in egg-laying hens. We generated chicken OVALBUMIN (OVA) EGFP knock-in (KI) chicken (OVA EGFP KI) by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated nonhomologous end joining at the chicken OVA gene locus. Subsequently, the estrogen analog, diethylstilbestrol (DES), was subcutaneously implanted in the abdominal region of 1-wk-old OVA EGFP KI female chicks to artificially increase OVALBUMIN expression. The oviducts of DES-treated OVA EGFP KI female chicks expressed OVA and EGFP at the 3-wk-old stage (10 d after DES treatment). We evaluated the expression of EGFP protein in the oviduct, along with the physical properties of eggs and egg white from OVA EGFP KI hens. The rapid identification and isolation of exogenous protein can be confirmed at a very early stage and high-yield production is possible by targeting the chicken oviduct.
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21
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Jung KM, Park KJ, Kim YM, Han JY. Efficient gene delivery into the embryonic chicken brain using neuron-specific promoters and in ovo electroporation. BMC Biotechnol 2022; 22:25. [PMID: 36056347 PMCID: PMC9440574 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-022-00756-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The chicken in ovo model is an attractive system to explore underlying mechanisms of neural and brain development, and it is important to develop effective genetic modification techniques that permit analyses of gene functions in vivo. Although electroporation and viral vector-mediated gene delivery techniques have been used to introduce exogenous DNA into chicken embryonic cells, transducing neurons efficiently and specifically remains challenging.
Methods In the present study, we performed a comparative study of the ubiquitous CMV promoter and three neuron-specific promoters, chicken Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase (cCaMKII), chicken Nestin (cNestin), and human synapsin I. We explored the possibility of manipulating gene expression in chicken embryonic brain cells using in ovo electroporation with the selected promoters.
Results Transgene expression by two neuron-specific promoters (cCaMKII and cNestin) was preliminarily verified in vitro in cultured brain cells, and in vivo, expression levels of an EGFP transgene in brain cells by neuron-specific promoters were comparable to or higher than those of the ubiquitous CMV promoter. Overexpression of the FOXP2 gene driven by the cNestin promoter in brain cells significantly affected expression levels of target genes, CNTNAP2 and ELAVL4. Conclusion We demonstrated that exogenous DNA can be effectively introduced into neuronal cells in living embryos by in ovo electroporation with constructs containing neuron-specific promoters. In ovo electroporation offers an easier and more efficient way to manipulate gene expression during embryonic development, and this technique will be useful for neuron-targeted transgene expression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12896-022-00756-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Min Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Kyung Je Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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22
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Lee KY, Choi HJ, Park KJ, Woo SJ, Kim YM, Han JY. Development and characterization of a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated RAG1 knockout chicken model lacking mature B and T cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:892476. [PMID: 36032098 PMCID: PMC9403712 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.892476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Although birds have been used historically as a model animal for immunological research, resulting in remarkable achievements, immune cell development in birds themselves has yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, we firstly generated an immunodeficient chicken model using a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated recombination activating gene 1 (RAG1) knockout, to investigate avian-specific immune cell development. Unlike previously reported immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain knockout chickens, the proportion and development of B cells in both RAG1+/- and RAG1-/- embryos were significantly impaired during B cell proliferation (embryonic day 16 to 18). Our findings indicate that, this is likely due to disordered B cell receptor (BCR)-mediated signaling and interaction of CXC motif chemokine receptor (CXCR4) with CXCL12, resulting from disrupted Ig V(D)J recombination at the embryonic stage. Histological analysis after hatching showed that, unlike wild-type (WT) and RAG1+/- chickens, lymphatic organs in 3-week old RAG1-/- chickens were severely damaged. Furthermore, relative to WT chickens, RAG1+/- and RAG1-/- birds had reduced serum Igs, fewer mature CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Furthermore, BCR-mediated B cell activation in RAG1+/- chickens was insufficient, leading to decreased expression of the activation-induced deaminase (AID) gene, which is important for Ig gene conversion. Overall, this immunodeficient chicken model underlines the pivotal role of RAG1 in immature B cell development, Ig gene conversion during embryonic stages, and demonstrates the dose-dependent regulatory role of RAG1 during immune cell development. This model will provide ongoing insights for understanding chicken immune system development and applied in the fields of immunology and biomedical science.
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23
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Choi HJ, Jung KM, Rengaraj D, Lee KY, Yoo E, Kim TH, Han JY. Single-cell RNA sequencing of mitotic-arrested prospermatogonia with DAZL::GFP chickens and revealing unique epigenetic reprogramming of chickens. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:64. [PMID: 35659766 PMCID: PMC9169296 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00712-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Germ cell mitotic arrest is conserved in many vertebrates, including birds, although the time of entry or exit into quiescence phase differs. Mitotic arrest is essential for the normal differentiation of male germ cells into spermatogonia and accompanies epigenetic reprogramming and meiosis inhibition from embryonic development to post-hatch. However, mitotic arrest was not well studied in chickens because of the difficulty in obtaining pure germ cells from relevant developmental stage. Results We performed single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate transcriptional dynamics of male germ cells during mitotic arrest in DAZL::GFP chickens. Using differentially expressed gene analysis and K-means clustering to analyze cells at different developmental stages (E12, E16, and hatch), we found that metabolic and signaling pathways were regulated, and that the epigenome was reprogrammed during mitotic arrest. In particular, we found that histone H3K9 and H3K14 acetylation (by HDAC2) and DNA demethylation (by DNMT3B and HELLS) led to a transcriptionally permissive chromatin state. Furthermore, we found that global DNA demethylation occurred gradually after the onset of mitotic arrest, indicating that the epigenetic-reprogramming schedule of the chicken genome differs from that of the mammalian genome. DNA hypomethylation persisted after hatching, and methylation was slowly re-established 3 weeks later. Conclusions We found a unique epigenetic-reprogramming schedule of mitotic-arrested chicken prospermatogonia and prolonged hypomethylation after hatching. This will provide a foundation for understanding the process of germ-cell epigenetic regulation in several species for which this process is not clearly described. Our findings on the biological processes related to sex-specific differentiation of prospermatogonia could help studying germline development in vitro more elaborately. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-022-00712-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon Jeong Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung Min Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung Youn Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Eunhui Yoo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, 16801, USA
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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24
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Aaltonen T, Amerio S, Amidei D, Anastassov A, Annovi A, Antos J, Apollinari G, Appel JA, Arisawa T, Artikov A, Asaadi J, Ashmanskas W, Auerbach B, Aurisano A, Azfar F, Badgett W, Bae T, Barbaro-Galtieri A, Barnes VE, Barnett BA, Barria P, Bartos P, Bauce M, Bedeschi F, Behari S, Bellettini G, Bellinger J, Benjamin D, Beretvas A, Bhatti A, Bland KR, Blumenfeld B, Bocci A, Bodek A, Bortoletto D, Boudreau J, Boveia A, Brigliadori L, Bromberg C, Brucken E, Budagov J, Budd HS, Burkett K, Busetto G, Bussey P, Butti P, Buzatu A, Calamba A, Camarda S, Campanelli M, Carls B, Carlsmith D, Carosi R, Carrillo S, Casal B, Casarsa M, Castro A, Catastini P, Cauz D, Cavaliere V, Cerri A, Cerrito L, Chen YC, Chertok M, Chiarelli G, Chlachidze G, Cho K, Chokheli D, Clark A, Clarke C, Convery ME, Conway J, Corbo M, Cordelli M, Cox CA, Cox DJ, Cremonesi M, Cruz D, Cuevas J, Culbertson R, d'Ascenzo N, Datta M, de Barbaro P, Demortier L, Deninno M, D'Errico M, Devoto F, Di Canto A, Di Ruzza B, Dittmann JR, Donati S, D'Onofrio M, Dorigo M, Driutti A, Ebina K, Edgar R, Elagin A, Erbacher R, Errede S, Esham B, Farrington S, Fernández Ramos JP, Field R, Flanagan G, Forrest R, Franklin M, Freeman JC, Frisch H, Funakoshi Y, Galloni C, Garfinkel AF, Garosi P, Gerberich H, Gerchtein E, Giagu S, Giakoumopoulou V, Gibson K, Ginsburg CM, Giokaris N, Giromini P, Glagolev V, Glenzinski D, Gold M, Goldin D, Golossanov A, Gomez G, Gomez-Ceballos G, Goncharov M, González López O, Gorelov I, Goshaw AT, Goulianos K, Gramellini E, Grosso-Pilcher C, Guimaraes da Costa J, Hahn SR, Han JY, Happacher F, Hara K, Hare M, Harr RF, Harrington-Taber T, Hatakeyama K, Hays C, Heinrich J, Herndon M, Hocker A, Hong Z, Hopkins W, Hou S, Hughes RE, Husemann U, Hussein M, Huston J, Introzzi G, Iori M, Ivanov A, James E, Jang D, Jayatilaka B, Jeon EJ, Jindariani S, Jones M, Joo KK, Jun SY, Junk TR, Kambeitz M, Kamon T, Karchin PE, Kasmi A, Kato Y, Ketchum W, Keung J, Kilminster B, Kim DH, Kim HS, Kim JE, Kim MJ, Kim SH, Kim SB, Kim YJ, Kim YK, Kimura N, Kirby M, Kondo K, Kong DJ, Konigsberg J, Kotwal AV, Kreps M, Kroll J, Kruse M, Kuhr T, Kurata M, Laasanen AT, Lammel S, Lancaster M, Lannon K, Latino G, Lee HS, Lee JS, Leo S, Leone S, Lewis JD, Limosani A, Lipeles E, Lister A, Liu Q, Liu T, Lockwitz S, Loginov A, Lucchesi D, Lucà A, Lueck J, Lujan P, Lukens P, Lungu G, Lys J, Lysak R, Madrak R, Maestro P, Malik S, Manca G, Manousakis-Katsikakis A, Marchese L, Margaroli F, Marino P, Matera K, Mattson ME, Mazzacane A, Mazzanti P, McNulty R, Mehta A, Mehtala P, Menzione A, Mesropian C, Miao T, Michielin E, Mietlicki D, Mitra A, Miyake H, Moed S, Moggi N, Moon CS, Moore R, Morello MJ, Mukherjee A, Muller T, Murat P, Mussini M, Nachtman J, Nagai Y, Naganoma J, Nakano I, Napier A, Nett J, Nigmanov T, Nodulman L, Noh SY, Norniella O, Oakes L, Oh SH, Oh YD, Okusawa T, Orava R, Ortolan L, Pagliarone C, Palencia E, Palni P, Papadimitriou V, Parker W, Pauletta G, Paulini M, Paus C, Phillips TJ, Piacentino G, Pianori E, Pilot J, Pitts K, Plager C, Pondrom L, Poprocki S, Potamianos K, Pranko A, Prokoshin F, Ptohos F, Punzi G, Redondo Fernández I, Renton P, Rescigno M, Rimondi F, Ristori L, Robson A, Rodriguez T, Rolli S, Ronzani M, Roser R, Rosner JL, Ruffini F, Ruiz A, Russ J, Rusu V, Sakumoto WK, Sakurai Y, Santi L, Sato K, Saveliev V, Savoy-Navarro A, Schlabach P, Schmidt EE, Schwarz T, Scodellaro L, Scuri F, Seidel S, Seiya Y, Semenov A, Sforza F, Shalhout SZ, Shears T, Shepard PF, Shimojima M, Shochet M, Shreyber-Tecker I, Simonenko A, Sliwa K, Smith JR, Snider FD, Song H, Sorin V, St Denis R, Stancari M, Stentz D, Strologas J, Sudo Y, Sukhanov A, Suslov I, Takemasa K, Takeuchi Y, Tang J, Tecchio M, Teng PK, Thom J, Thomson E, Thukral V, Toback D, Tokar S, Tollefson K, Tomura T, Torre S, Torretta D, Totaro P, Trovato M, Ukegawa F, Uozumi S, Vázquez F, Velev G, Vellidis K, Vernieri C, Vidal M, Vilar R, Vizán J, Vogel M, Volpi G, Wagner P, Wallny R, Wang SM, Waters D, Wester WC, Whiteson D, Wicklund AB, Wilbur S, Williams HH, Wilson JS, Wilson P, Winer BL, Wittich P, Wolbers S, Wolfmeister H, Wright T, Wu X, Wu Z, Yamamoto K, Yamato D, Yang T, Yang UK, Yang YC, Yao WM, Yeh GP, Yi K, Yoh J, Yorita K, Yoshida T, Yu GB, Yu I, Zanetti AM, Zeng Y, Zhou C, Zucchelli S. High-precision measurement of the W boson mass with the CDF II detector. Science 2022; 376:170-176. [PMID: 35389814 DOI: 10.1126/science.abk1781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The mass of the W boson, a mediator of the weak force between elementary particles, is tightly constrained by the symmetries of the standard model of particle physics. The Higgs boson was the last missing component of the model. After observation of the Higgs boson, a measurement of the W boson mass provides a stringent test of the model. We measure the W boson mass, MW, using data corresponding to 8.8 inverse femtobarns of integrated luminosity collected in proton-antiproton collisions at a 1.96 tera-electron volt center-of-mass energy with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. A sample of approximately 4 million W boson candidates is used to obtain [Formula: see text], the precision of which exceeds that of all previous measurements combined (stat, statistical uncertainty; syst, systematic uncertainty; MeV, mega-electron volts; c, speed of light in a vacuum). This measurement is in significant tension with the standard model expectation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T Aaltonen
- Division of High Energy Physics, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Physics, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Amerio
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.,University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - D Amidei
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - A Anastassov
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - A Annovi
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - J Antos
- Comenius University, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Experimental Physics, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - G Apollinari
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - J A Appel
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | | | - A Artikov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - J Asaadi
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - W Ashmanskas
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - B Auerbach
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - A Aurisano
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - F Azfar
- University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - W Badgett
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - T Bae
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - A Barbaro-Galtieri
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - V E Barnes
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - B A Barnett
- The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - P Barria
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - P Bartos
- Comenius University, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Experimental Physics, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - M Bauce
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.,University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - F Bedeschi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Behari
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - G Bellettini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - J Bellinger
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | | | - A Beretvas
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - A Bhatti
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - K R Bland
- Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - B Blumenfeld
- The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - A Bocci
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - A Bodek
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - D Bortoletto
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - J Boudreau
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - A Boveia
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - L Brigliadori
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.,University of Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Bromberg
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - E Brucken
- Division of High Energy Physics, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Physics, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Budagov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - H S Budd
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - K Burkett
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - G Busetto
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.,University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - P Bussey
- Glasgow University, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - P Butti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Buzatu
- Glasgow University, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - A Calamba
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - S Camarda
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, ICREA, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | | | - B Carls
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - D Carlsmith
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - R Carosi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Carrillo
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - B Casal
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - M Casarsa
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - A Castro
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.,University of Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - P Catastini
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - D Cauz
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.,Gruppo Collegato di Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.,University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - V Cavaliere
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - A Cerri
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - L Cerrito
- University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Y C Chen
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, Republic of China
| | - M Chertok
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - G Chiarelli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - G Chlachidze
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - K Cho
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - D Chokheli
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - A Clark
- University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - C Clarke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - M E Convery
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - J Conway
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - M Corbo
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M Cordelli
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - C A Cox
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - D J Cox
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - M Cremonesi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - D Cruz
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - J Cuevas
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - R Culbertson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - N d'Ascenzo
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M Datta
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - P de Barbaro
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - L Demortier
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - M Deninno
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - M D'Errico
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.,University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - F Devoto
- Division of High Energy Physics, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Physics, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Di Canto
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - B Di Ruzza
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | | | - S Donati
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - M D'Onofrio
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK
| | - M Dorigo
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.,University of Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - A Driutti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.,Gruppo Collegato di Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.,University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - K Ebina
- Waseda University, Tokyo 169, Japan
| | - R Edgar
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - A Elagin
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - R Erbacher
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - S Errede
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - B Esham
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | - J P Fernández Ramos
- Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas Medioambientales y Tecnologicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Field
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - G Flanagan
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - R Forrest
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - M Franklin
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - J C Freeman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - H Frisch
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - C Galloni
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - P Garosi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - H Gerberich
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - E Gerchtein
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - S Giagu
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - V Giakoumopoulou
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 71 Athens, Greece
| | - K Gibson
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - C M Ginsburg
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - N Giokaris
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 71 Athens, Greece
| | - P Giromini
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Glagolev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - D Glenzinski
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M Gold
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - D Goldin
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - A Golossanov
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - G Gomez
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | | | - M Goncharov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - O González López
- Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas Medioambientales y Tecnologicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - I Gorelov
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | | | - K Goulianos
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - E Gramellini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - C Grosso-Pilcher
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - S R Hahn
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - J Y Han
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - F Happacher
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - K Hara
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - M Hare
- Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - R F Harr
- Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | | | | | - C Hays
- University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - J Heinrich
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - M Herndon
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - A Hocker
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - Z Hong
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - W Hopkins
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - S Hou
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, Republic of China
| | - R E Hughes
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - U Husemann
- Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - M Hussein
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - J Huston
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - G Introzzi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.,University of Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - M Iori
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy.,Sapienza Università di Roma, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - A Ivanov
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - E James
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - D Jang
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - B Jayatilaka
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - E J Jeon
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - S Jindariani
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M Jones
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - K K Joo
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - S Y Jun
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - T R Junk
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M Kambeitz
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - T Kamon
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.,Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - P E Karchin
- Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - A Kasmi
- Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Y Kato
- Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - W Ketchum
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - J Keung
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - B Kilminster
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - D H Kim
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - J E Kim
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - M J Kim
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - S H Kim
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S B Kim
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Y J Kim
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Y K Kim
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - N Kimura
- Waseda University, Tokyo 169, Japan
| | - M Kirby
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - K Kondo
- Waseda University, Tokyo 169, Japan
| | - D J Kong
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - J Konigsberg
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | | | - M Kreps
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - J Kroll
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - M Kruse
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - T Kuhr
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Kurata
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - A T Laasanen
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - S Lammel
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M Lancaster
- University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - K Lannon
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - G Latino
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - H S Lee
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - S Leo
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - S Leone
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J D Lewis
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | | | - E Lipeles
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - A Lister
- University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Q Liu
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - T Liu
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - S Lockwitz
- Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - A Loginov
- Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - D Lucchesi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.,University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - A Lucà
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA.,Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - J Lueck
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P Lujan
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - P Lukens
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - G Lungu
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - J Lys
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - R Lysak
- Comenius University, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Experimental Physics, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - R Madrak
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - S Malik
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - G Manca
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK
| | | | - L Marchese
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - F Margaroli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - P Marino
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - K Matera
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - M E Mattson
- Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - A Mazzacane
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - P Mazzanti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - R McNulty
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK
| | - A Mehta
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK
| | - P Mehtala
- Division of High Energy Physics, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Physics, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Menzione
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - C Mesropian
- The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - T Miao
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - E Michielin
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy.,University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - D Mietlicki
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - A Mitra
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, Republic of China
| | - H Miyake
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S Moed
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - N Moggi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - C S Moon
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - R Moore
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M J Morello
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Mukherjee
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - Th Muller
- Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P Murat
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - M Mussini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.,University of Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - J Nachtman
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - Y Nagai
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | | | - I Nakano
- Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - A Napier
- Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - J Nett
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - T Nigmanov
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - L Nodulman
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - S Y Noh
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - O Norniella
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - L Oakes
- University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - S H Oh
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Y D Oh
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - T Okusawa
- Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - R Orava
- Division of High Energy Physics, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Physics, FIN-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - L Ortolan
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, ICREA, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | - C Pagliarone
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - E Palencia
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - P Palni
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - V Papadimitriou
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - W Parker
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - G Pauletta
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.,Gruppo Collegato di Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.,University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - M Paulini
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - C Paus
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - G Piacentino
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - E Pianori
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - J Pilot
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - K Pitts
- University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - C Plager
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - L Pondrom
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - S Poprocki
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - K Potamianos
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - A Pranko
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - F Prokoshin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - F Ptohos
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - G Punzi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - I Redondo Fernández
- Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas Medioambientales y Tecnologicas, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Renton
- University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK
| | - M Rescigno
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Roma 1, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - F Rimondi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - L Ristori
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA.,Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Robson
- Glasgow University, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - T Rodriguez
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - S Rolli
- Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - M Ronzani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - R Roser
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - J L Rosner
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - F Ruffini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
| | - A Ruiz
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - J Russ
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - V Rusu
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - W K Sakumoto
- University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | | | - L Santi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.,Gruppo Collegato di Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.,University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - K Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - V Saveliev
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - A Savoy-Navarro
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - P Schlabach
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - E E Schmidt
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - T Schwarz
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - L Scodellaro
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - F Scuri
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Seidel
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Y Seiya
- Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - A Semenov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - F Sforza
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,University of Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Z Shalhout
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - T Shears
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK
| | - P F Shepard
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - M Shimojima
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - M Shochet
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - I Shreyber-Tecker
- Institution for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - A Simonenko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - K Sliwa
- Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - J R Smith
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - F D Snider
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - H Song
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - V Sorin
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, ICREA, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
| | | | - M Stancari
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - D Stentz
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - J Strologas
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Y Sudo
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - A Sukhanov
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - I Suslov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna RU-141980, Russia
| | - K Takemasa
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Takeuchi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - J Tang
- Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - M Tecchio
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - P K Teng
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, Republic of China
| | - J Thom
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - E Thomson
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - V Thukral
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - D Toback
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - S Tokar
- Comenius University, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Experimental Physics, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - K Tollefson
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - T Tomura
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S Torre
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - D Torretta
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - P Totaro
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Trovato
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - F Ukegawa
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S Uozumi
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - F Vázquez
- University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - G Velev
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - K Vellidis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 71 Athens, Greece
| | - C Vernieri
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy.,Scuola Normale Superiore, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Vidal
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - R Vilar
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - J Vizán
- Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - M Vogel
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - G Volpi
- Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, I-00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - P Wagner
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - R Wallny
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - S M Wang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, Republic of China
| | - D Waters
- University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - W C Wester
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - D Whiteson
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - A B Wicklund
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - S Wilbur
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - H H Williams
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - J S Wilson
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - P Wilson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - B L Winer
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - P Wittich
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - S Wolbers
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | | | - T Wright
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - X Wu
- University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Z Wu
- Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - K Yamamoto
- Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - D Yamato
- Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - T Yang
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - U K Yang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Y C Yang
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - W-M Yao
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - G P Yeh
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - K Yi
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - J Yoh
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA
| | - K Yorita
- Waseda University, Tokyo 169, Japan
| | - T Yoshida
- Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - G B Yu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - I Yu
- Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea.,Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.,Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.,Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea.,Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.,Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - A M Zanetti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Y Zeng
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - C Zhou
- Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - S Zucchelli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.,University of Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
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25
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Han JY, Kim YJ, Choi EY, Lee J, Lee JH, Kim M, Byeon SH, Kim SS, Lee CS. Therapeutic Efficacy of Spironolactone for Central Serous Chorioretinopathy. Yonsei Med J 2022; 63:365-371. [PMID: 35352888 PMCID: PMC8965434 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2022.63.4.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the therapeutic effects and safety of oral spironolactone (SPRL) in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). MATERIALS AND METHODS The medical records and imaging data of patients diagnosed with CSC and treated with SPRL were retrospectively reviewed. Central macular thickness (CMT), subretinal fluid (SRF) height, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at baseline, at 1, 3, and 6 months, and at the last visit after the treatment were analyzed. RESULTS In total, 103 patients with 107 eyes were included. The mean age of the patients was 51.5±9.3 years, and 77 (72.0%) were male. The mean follow-up duration was 48.6±40.2 weeks. The mean duration of oral SPRL therapy was 15.5±13.4 weeks. CMT, SRF height, and SFCT improved significantly at 1, 3, and 6 months after SPRL therapy and at the last follow-up. BCVA, however, showed no significant change at any time point. The rate of complete resolution of SRF at 1 month was higher in those with chronic CSC than in those with acute CSC (21.1% vs. 6.0%, respectively). Recurrence occurred in 14 (13.1%) eyes after the complete resolution of SRF. Older age (p=0.001), a greater number of previous intravitreal bevacizumab injections (p=0.006), and poor initial visual acuity (p=0.048) were associated with recurrence. No permanent adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSION Oral SPRL showed therapeutic benefits in patients with CSC in terms of SRF resolution, but relatively frequent recurrence was observed, especially in older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yong Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Joon Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junwon Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hwan Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk Ho Byeon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Christopher Seungkyu Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Rengaraj D, Cha DG, Lee HJ, Lee KY, Choi YH, Jung KM, Kim YM, Choi HJ, Choi HJ, Yoo E, Woo SJ, Park JS, Park KJ, Kim JK, Han JY. Dissecting chicken germ cell dynamics by combining a germ cell tracing transgenic chicken model with single-cell RNA sequencing. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:1654-1669. [PMID: 35465157 PMCID: PMC9010679 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian germ cells can be distinguished by certain characteristics during development. On the basis of these characteristics, germ cells can be used for germline transmission. However, the dynamic transcriptional landscape of avian germ cells during development is unknown. Here, we used a novel germ-cell-tracing method to monitor and isolate chicken germ cells at different stages of development. We targeted the deleted in azoospermia like (DAZL) gene, a germ-cell-specific marker, to integrate a green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene without affecting endogenous DAZL expression. The resulting transgenic chickens (DAZL::GFP) were used to uncover the dynamic transcriptional landscape of avian germ cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing of 4,752 male and 13,028 female DAZL::GFP germ cells isolated from embryonic day E2.5 to 1 week post-hatch identified sex-specific developmental stages (4 stages in male and 5 stages in female) and trajectories (apoptosis and meiosis paths in female) of chicken germ cells. The male and female trajectories were characterized by a gradual acquisition of stage-specific transcription factor activities. We also identified evolutionary conserved and species-specific gene expression programs during both chicken and human germ-cell development. Collectively, these novel analyses provide mechanistic insights into chicken germ-cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Dong Gon Cha
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, South Korea
| | - Hong Jo Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung Youn Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Yoon Ha Choi
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, South Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Kyung Min Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Hee Jung Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jeong Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Eunhui Yoo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Seung Je Woo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jin Se Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung Je Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jong Kyoung Kim
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, South Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, South Korea
- Corresponding authors at: POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea (J.K. Kim). Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea (J.Y. Han).
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Corresponding authors at: POSTECH, 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea (J.K. Kim). Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea (J.Y. Han).
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27
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Lee GY, Shin GW, Park HY, Yoon HK, Kim TH, Lee A, Heo YJ, Lee YJ, Han JY, Park YM. Sonographic Features of Breast Fibroepithelial Masses: Distinguishing Fibroadenoma from Phyllodes Tumour. Hong Kong Journal of Radiology 2022. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr2217333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- GY Lee
- Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - GW Shin
- Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - HY Park
- Department of Pathology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - HK Yoon
- Department of Pathology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - TH Kim
- Department of Surgery, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - A Lee
- Department of Surgery, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - YJ Heo
- Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - YJ Lee
- Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - JY Han
- Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - YM Park
- Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, South Korea
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Woo SJ, Choi HJ, Park YH, Rengaraj D, Kim JK, Han JY. Amplification of immunity by engineering chicken MDA5 combined with the C terminal domain (CTD) of RIG-I. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:1599-1613. [PMID: 35129655 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11806-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Innate immune system is triggered by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognition. Retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-I) is a major sensor that recognizes RNA ligands. However, chickens have no homologue of RIG-I; instead, they rely on melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) to recognize RNA ligands, which renders chickens susceptible to infection by influenza A viruses (IAVs). Here, we engineered the cMDA5 viral RNA sensing domain (C-terminal domain, CTD) such that it functions similarly to human RIG-I (hRIG-I) by mutating histidine 925 into phenylalanine, a key residue for hRIG-I RNA binding loop function, or by swapping the CTD of cMDA5 with that of hRIG-I or duck RIG-I (dRIG-I). The engineered cMDA5 gene was expressed in cMDA5 knockout DF-1 cells, and interferon-beta (IFN-β) activity and expression of interferon-related genes were measured after transfection of cells with RNA ligands of hRIG-I or human MDA5 (hMDA5). We found that both mutant cMDA5 and engineered cMDA5 triggered significantly stronger interferon-mediated immune responses than wild-type cMDA5. Moreover, engineered cMDA5 reduced the IAV titer by 100-fold compared with that in control cells. Collectively, engineered cMDA5/RIG-I CTD significantly enhanced interferon-mediated immune responses, making them invaluable strategies for production of IAV-resistant chickens. KEY POINTS: • Mutant chicken MDA5 with critical residue of RIG-I (phenylalanine) enhanced immunity. • Engineered chicken MDA5 with CTD of RIG-I increased IFN-mediated immune responses. • Engineered chicken MDA5 reduced influenza A virus titers by up to 100-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Je Woo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Hee Jung Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Young Hyun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jin-Kyoo Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Changwon National University, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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29
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Yoo D, Park J, Lee C, Song I, Lee YH, Yun T, Lee H, Heguy A, Han JY, Dasen JS, Kim H, Baek M. Little skate genome provides insights into genetic programs essential for limb-based locomotion. eLife 2022; 11:78345. [PMID: 36288084 PMCID: PMC9605692 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The little skate Leucoraja erinacea, a cartilaginous fish, displays pelvic fin driven walking-like behavior using genetic programs and neuronal subtypes similar to those of land vertebrates. However, mechanistic studies on little skate motor circuit development have been limited, due to a lack of high-quality reference genome. Here, we generated an assembly of the little skate genome, with precise gene annotation and structures, which allowed post-genome analysis of spinal motor neurons (MNs) essential for locomotion. Through interspecies comparison of mouse, skate and chicken MN transcriptomes, shared and divergent gene expression profiles were identified. Comparison of accessible chromatin regions between mouse and skate MNs predicted shared transcription factor (TF) motifs with divergent ones, which could be used for achieving differential regulation of MN-expressed genes. A greater number of TF motif predictions were observed in MN-expressed genes in mouse than in little skate. These findings suggest conserved and divergent molecular mechanisms controlling MN development of vertebrates during evolution, which might contribute to intricate gene regulatory networks in the emergence of a more sophisticated motor system in tetrapods.
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Affiliation(s)
- DongAhn Yoo
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Junhee Park
- Department of Brain Sciences, DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Chul Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Injun Song
- Department of Brain Sciences, DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Young Ho Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Tery Yun
- Department of Brain Sciences, DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Lee
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Arts and Science, NYUNew YorkUnited States
| | - Adriana Heguy
- Genome Technology Center, Division for Advanced Research Technologies, and Department of Pathology, NYU School of MedicineNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jeremy S Dasen
- Neuroscience Institute, Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of MedicineNew YorkUnited States
| | - Heebal Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea,eGnome, IncSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Myungin Baek
- Department of Brain Sciences, DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea
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30
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Rengaraj D, Cha DG, Park KJ, Lee KY, Woo SJ, Han JY. Finer resolution analysis of transcriptional programming during the active migration of chicken primordial germ cells. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:5911-5924. [PMID: 36382185 PMCID: PMC9636429 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) in chickens polarize and move passively toward the anterior region by the morphogenetic movement of the embryo. Further migration of PGCs towards the genital ridge via the germinal crescent region and blood vessels occurs actively through the chemoattractive signals. The mechanisms of initiation of PGCs migration, lodging the PGCs in the vascular system, and colonization of PGCs in the gonads are well-studied. However, transcriptome sequencing-based cues directing the migration of the PGCs towards gonads, some of the relevant molecules, biological processes, and transcription factors (TFs) are less studied in chickens. The current study comprehensively interprets the transcriptional programming of PGCs during their active migration (E2.5 to E8). Current results revealed several vital understandings, including a set of genes that upregulated male-specifically (XPA, GNG10, RPL17, RPS23, and NDUFS4) or female-specifically (HINTW, NIPBL, TERAL2, ATP5F1AW, and SMAD2W) in migrating PGCs, and transcriptionally distinct PGCs, particularly in the gonadal environment. We identified DNA methylation and histone modification-associated genes that are novel in chicken PGCs and show a time-dependent enrichment in migrating PGCs. We further identified a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs, including TFs) in blood PGCs (at E2.5) compared to gonadal PGCs (at E8) in both sexes; however, this difference was greater in males. We also revealed the enriched biological processes and signaling pathways of significant DEGs identified commonly, male-specifically, or female-specifically between the PGCs isolated at E2.5, E6, and E8. Collectively, these analyses provide molecular insights into chicken PGCs during their active migration phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Dong Gon Cha
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Korea
| | - Kyung Je Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Kyung Youn Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seung Je Woo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Corresponding author at: Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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31
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Jung KM, Seo M, Kim YM, Kim JL, Han JY. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Revealed the Heterogeneity of Gonadal Primordial Germ Cells in Zebra Finch ( Taeniopygia guttata). Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:791335. [PMID: 34957119 PMCID: PMC8695979 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.791335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are undifferentiated gametes with heterogeneity, an evolutionarily conserved characteristic across various organisms. Although dynamic selection at the level of early germ cell populations is an important biological feature linked to fertility, the heterogeneity of PGCs in avian species has not been characterized. In this study, we sought to evaluate PGC heterogeneity in zebra finch using a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) approach. Using scRNA-seq of embryonic gonadal cells from male and female zebra finches at Hamburger and Hamilton (HH) stage 28, we annotated nine cell types from 20 cell clusters. We found that PGCs previously considered a single population can be separated into three subtypes showing differences in apoptosis, proliferation, and other biological processes. The three PGC subtypes were specifically enriched for genes showing expression patterns related to germness or pluripotency, suggesting functional differences in PGCs according to the three subtypes. Additionally, we discovered a novel biomarker, SMC1B, for gonadal PGCs in zebra finch. The results provide the first evidence of substantial heterogeneity in PGCs previously considered a single population in birds. This discovery expands our understanding of PGCs to avian species, and provides a basis for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Min Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minseok Seo
- Department of Computer Convergence Software, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Lee Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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32
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Park SH, Hong KI, Park HC, Kim YS, Bok GH, Kim KH, Shin DS, Han JY, Kim YK, Choi YJ, Eun SH, Lim BH, Kwack KK. Colon Polyp Detection in Primary Health Care Institutions of Korea: Detection Rate and Issues with Following the Guidelines. Korean J Gastroenterol 2021; 78:328-336. [DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2021.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Bon Clinic, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Soo Hoon Eun
- Hunhunhan Internal Medicine Clinic, Seoul, Korea
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33
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Kang HG, Han JY, Jun JW, Kim M. A modified, simple technique for internal limiting membrane free flap transplantation in macular hole surgery: the Peel-PFCL-Peel technique. Int J Ophthalmol 2021; 14:1636-1638. [PMID: 34667745 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2021.10.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Goo Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Won Jun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
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Lee HJ, Seo M, Choi HJ, Rengaraj D, Jung KM, Park JS, Lee KY, Kim YM, Park KJ, Han ST, Lee KH, Yao HHC, Han JY. DMRT1 gene disruption alone induces incomplete gonad feminization in chicken. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21876. [PMID: 34449112 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100902r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Compared with the well-described XY sex determination system in mammals, the avian ZW sex determination system is poorly understood. Knockdown and overexpression studies identified doublesex and mab-3-related transcription factor 1 (DMRT1) as the testis-determining gene in chicken. However, the detailed effects of DMRT1 gene disruption from embryonic to adult development are not clear. Herein, we have generated DMRT1-disrupted chickens using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 system, followed by an analysis of physiological, hormonal, and molecular changes in the genome-modified chickens. In the early stages of male chicken development, disruption of DMRT1 induced gonad feminization with extensive physiological and molecular changes; however, functional feminine reproductivity could not be implemented with disturbed hormone synthesis. Subsequent RNA-sequencing analysis of the DMRT1-disrupted chicken gonads revealed gene networks, including several novel genes linearly and non-linearly associated with DMRT1, which are involved in gonad feminization. By comparing the gonads of wild type with the genome-modified chickens, a set of genes were identified that is involved in the ZW sex determination system independent of DMRT1. Our results extend beyond the Z-dosage hypothesis to provide further information about the avian ZW sex determination system and epigenetic effects of gonad feminization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jo Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minseok Seo
- Department of Computer Convergence Software, Korea University, Sejong Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jung Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Min Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Se Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Youn Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Je Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Taek Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Hyuk Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Humphrey Hung-Chang Yao
- Reproductive Developmental Biology Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Wang YS, Li DB, Chen C, Wei YS, Lyu HC, Han JY, Dong YX, Yin XM, Gao LJ, Xia YL. [Feasibility of radiofrequency ablation for cancer patients with atrial fibrillation]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2021; 49:790-795. [PMID: 34404188 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200922-00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the impact of cancer on the recurrence rate of atrial fibrillation (AF) after AF radiofrequency ablation and further evaluate the feasibility of radiofrequency ablation therapy in cancer patients with AF. Methods: This study was a single-center, retrospective study. Cancer patients with AF undergoing radiofrequency ablation for the first time in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from May 30, 2008 to September 30, 2018 were included (cancer group). AF patients without cancer undergoing radiofrequency ablation for the first time during the same period served as non-cancer group. Clinical data including age, gender, past history, cancer and AF-related parameters, etc. were analyzed. Patients were followed up after radiofrequency ablation. The primary endpoints were AF recurrence or all-cause death. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to analyze the effect of cancers on the recurrence after AF ablation. The multivariate cox regression analysis was further applied to correct for other confounding factors to analyze whether the impact of cancers on the recurrence of atrial fibrillation was statistically significant. Results: A total of 90 patients were enrolled, there were 30 patients in the cancer group (mean age (64.8±6.6) years, 16 (53.3%) males) and 60 patients in the non-cancer group (mean age (63.6±6.2) years, 32 (53.3%) males). Clinical data, such as age, gender, and cancer treatment, were similar between the two groups. During an average follow-up period of (328.7±110.2) days, there were 6 AF recurrences (recurrence rate 20.0%) in the cancer group, and 17 AF recurrences (recurrence rate 28.3%) in the control group. AF recurrence rate was similar between the two groups (P>0.05). During the follow-up period, there was no all-cause death in the two groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that cancer was not related to AF recurrence after radiofrequency ablation (P = 0.383). After adjusting for other confounding factors, the multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that cancer was not an independent predictor of AF recurrence after radiofrequency ablation (HR=0.508, 95%CI: 0.192-1.342, P = 0.172). Conclusions: The combination of cancer has no impact on the recurrence of AF after radiofrequency ablation. For cancer patients with AF, radiofrequency ablation therapy can be considered as a feasible heart rhythm control treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - D B Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - C Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Y S Wei
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - H C Lyu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - J Y Han
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Y X Dong
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - X M Yin
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - L J Gao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Y L Xia
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
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Jung KM, Kim YM, Kim JL, Han JY. Efficient gene transfer into zebra finch germline-competent stem cells using an adenoviral vector system. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14746. [PMID: 34285320 PMCID: PMC8292312 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94229-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebra finch is a representative animal model for studying the molecular basis of human disorders of vocal development and communication. Accordingly, various functional studies of zebra finch have knocked down or introduced foreign genes in vivo; however, their germline transmission efficiency is remarkably low. The primordial germ cell (PGC)-mediated method is preferred for avian transgenic studies; however, use of this method is restricted in zebra finch due to the lack of an efficient gene transfer method for the germline. To target primary germ cells that are difficult to transfect and manipulate, an adenovirus-mediated gene transfer system with high efficiency in a wide range of cell types may be useful. Here, we isolated and characterized two types of primary germline-competent stem cells, PGCs and spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), from embryonic and adult reproductive tissues of zebra finch and demonstrated that genes were most efficiently transferred into these cells using an adenovirus-mediated system. This system was successfully used to generate gene-edited PGCs in vitro. These results are expected to improve transgenic zebra finch production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Min Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jin Lee Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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Park YH, Woo SJ, Chungu K, Lee SB, Shim JH, Lee HJ, Kim I, Rengaraj D, Song CS, Suh JY, Lim JM, Han JY. Asp149 and Asp152 in chicken and human ANP32A play an essential role in the interaction with influenza viral polymerase. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21630. [PMID: 33982347 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002006rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The acidic nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family member A (ANP32A) is a cellular host factor that determines the host tropism of the viral polymerase (vPol) of avian influenza viruses (AIVs). Compared with human ANP32A (hANP32A), chicken ANP32A contains an additional 33 amino acid residues (176-208) duplicated from amino acid residues 149-175 (27 residues), suggesting that these residues could be involved in increasing vPol activity by strengthening interactions between ANP32A and vPol. However, the molecular interactions and functional roles of the 27 residues within hANP32A during AIV vPol activity remain unclear. Here, we examined the functional role of 27 residues of hANP32A based on comparisons with other human (h) ANP32 family members. It was notable that unlike hANP32A and hANP32B, hANP32C could not support vPol activity or replication of AIVs, despite the fact that hANP32C shares a higher sequence identity with hANP32A than hANP32B. Pairwise comparison between hANP32A and hANP32C revealed that Asp149 (D149) and Asp152 (D152) are involved in hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions, respectively, which support vPol activity. Mutation of these residues reduced the interaction between hANP32A and vPol. Finally, we demonstrated that precise substitution of the identified residues within chicken ANP32A via homology-directed repair using the CRISPR/Cas9 system resulted in a marked reduction of viral replication in chicken cells. These results increase our understanding of ANP32A function and may facilitate the development of AIV-resistant chickens via precise modification of residues within ANP32A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hyun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Je Woo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kelly Chungu
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Shim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Jo Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Iktae Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Song
- Avian Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yong Suh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Mook Lim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lee GY, Shin GW, Park HY, Yoon HK, Kim TH, Lee A, Heo YJ, Lee YJ, Han JY, Park YM. Predictive sonographic features for differentiation of breast fibroepithelial
tumors: fibroadenoma versus phyllodes tumor. Hong Kong Journal of Radiology 2021. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr2117333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- GY Lee
- Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - GW Shin
- Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - HY Park
- Department of Pathology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - HK Yoon
- Department of Pathology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - TH Kim
- Department of Surgery, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - A Lee
- Department of Surgery, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - YJ Heo
- Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - YJ Lee
- Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - JY Han
- Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - YM Park
- Department of Radiology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
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Han JY, Lee DH, Kim JD, Choi EY, Kim M. Therapeutic Efficacy of Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant in Korean Patients with Non-infectious Uveitis. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2021. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2021.62.6.798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kang HG, Han JY, Kim M, Byeon SH, Kim SS, Koh HJ, Lee CS. Pachydrusen, choroidal vascular hyperpermeability, and punctate hyperfluorescent spots. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 259:2391-2400. [PMID: 33907882 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-021-05180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between pachydrusen and features of choroidal vascular hyperpermeability (CVH) and punctate hyperfluorescent spots (PHS) on serial imaging in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) or pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV). METHODS Patients diagnosed between January 2007 and June 2016 at 2 high-volume, tertiary hospitals were retrospectively reviewed with serial multimodal imaging assessment. The primary outcome was the association between drusen subtypes (hard/soft drusen, subretinal drusenoid droplets, or pachydrusen) with CVH and PHS, previously described in central serous chorioretinopathy. RESULTS Among the 105 eyes (105 patients; mean age, 67.0 years), 87 (82.9%) were diagnosed with PCV and 18 (17.1%) with PNV. Pachydrusen was the most frequently identified subtype (54 eyes, 51.4%). CVH (72.2% vs 41.4%, P = 0.021) and PHS (72.2% vs 44.8%, P = 0.041) were observed with greater frequency in PNV eyes. Significant correlations were found between CVH and PHS (phi coefficient φ 0.30, P = 0.003), and PHS with pachydrusen (φ 0.20, P = 0.040). Over a mean follow-up of 74.8 months, new drusen co-localizing to PHS were noted in 22 (21.0%) eyes (φ 0.54, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION We observed a trend of pachydrusen appearing in conjunction with PHS in PCV or PNV. Frequent localization of new drusen to these choroidal lesions was observed over long-term follow-up. PHS may be a form of late-staining "forme fruste" drusen, possibly associated with micro-ischemic changes to the choriocapillaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Goo Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Eonjuro 211, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Translational Genome Informatics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei-ro 50-1, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Eonjuro 211, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Eonjuro 211, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Ho Byeon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Eye Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonse-iro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Eye Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonse-iro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722
| | - Hyoung Jun Koh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Eye Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonse-iro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722
| | - Christopher Seungkyu Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Eye Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonse-iro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 03722.
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Choi HJ, Jin SD, Rengaraj D, Kim JH, Pain B, Han JY. Differential transcriptional regulation of the NANOG gene in chicken primordial germ cells and embryonic stem cells. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:40. [PMID: 33658075 PMCID: PMC7931612 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00563-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background NANOG is a core transcription factor (TF) in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and primordial germ cells (PGCs). Regulation of the NANOG gene by TFs, epigenetic factors, and autoregulatory factors is well characterized in ESCs, and transcriptional regulation of NANOG is well established in these cells. Although NANOG plays a key role in germ cells, the molecular mechanism underlying its transcriptional regulation in PGCs has not been studied. Therefore, we investigated the mechanism that regulates transcription of the chicken NANOG (cNANOG) gene in PGCs and ESCs. Results We first identified the transcription start site of cNANOG by 5′-rapid amplification of cDNA ends PCR analysis. Then, we measured the promoter activity of various 5′ flanking regions of cNANOG in chicken PGCs and ESCs using the luciferase reporter assay. cNANOG expression required transcriptional regulatory elements, which were positively regulated by POU5F3 (OCT4) and SOX2 and negatively regulated by TP53 in PGCs. The proximal region of the cNANOG promoter contains a positive transcriptional regulatory element (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (CEBP)-binding site) in ESCs. Furthermore, small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown demonstrated that POU5F3, SOX2, and CEBP played a role in cell type-specific transcription of cNANOG. Conclusions We show for the first time that different trans-regulatory elements control transcription of cNANOG in a cell type-specific manner. This finding might help to elucidate the mechanism that regulates cNANOG expression in PGCs and ESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jung Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - So Dam Jin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jin Hwa Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Bertrand Pain
- Univ Lyon, Universite ́Lyon 1, INSERM, INRAE, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, U1208, USC1361, 69500, Bron, France
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea. .,Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Minamiminowa, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan.
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Choi EY, Lee CH, Kang HG, Han JY, Byeon SH, Kim SS, Koh HJ, Kim M. Long-term surgical outcomes of primary retropupillary iris claw intraocular lens implantation for the treatment of intraocular lens dislocation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:726. [PMID: 33436860 PMCID: PMC7804091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80292-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of primary retropupillary iris claw intraocular lens (R-IOL) implantation in patients with complete intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation. In this single-center retrospective case series, we reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent R-IOL implantation surgery with pars plana vitrectomy for the treatment of IOL dislocation between September 2014 and July 2019. The primary outcome was change in visual acuity (VA) up to 24 months postoperatively. The secondary outcomes included changes in intraocular pressure (IOP), refractive errors, and endothelial cell count (ECC) over the same period. Data of 103 eyes (98 patients) were analyzed. The mean uncorrected VA was significantly improved at one month postoperatively (− 0.69 logMAR, P < 0.001), compared to the preoperative value. IOP (− 2.3 mmHg, P = 0.008) and ECC (− 333.4 cells/mm2, P = 0.027) significantly decreased one month post-surgery and remained stable thereafter. Postoperative mean spherical equivalents were similar to the prediction error throughout the follow-up period. IOP elevation (n = 8, 7.8%), cystoid macular edema (n = 4, 3.9%), and dislocation of the R-IOL (n = 10, 9.7%) were managed successfully. Overall, primary R-IOL implantation with pars plana vitrectomy is effective and safe for correcting IOL dislocation due to various causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Eye Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonseiro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Chul Hee Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211, Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, Korea
| | - Hyun Goo Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211, Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211, Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, Korea
| | - Suk Ho Byeon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Eye Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonseiro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Eye Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonseiro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Hyoung Jun Koh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Eye Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonseiro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211, Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, Korea.
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Chungu K, Park YH, Woo SJ, Lee SB, Rengaraj D, Lee HJ, Han JY. Establishment of a genetically engineered chicken DF-1 cell line for efficient amplification of influenza viruses in the absence of trypsin. BMC Biotechnol 2021; 21:2. [PMID: 33413322 PMCID: PMC7792337 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-020-00663-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The initial step of influenza infection is binding of the virus to specific sialic acid receptors expressed by host cells. This is followed by cell entry via endocytosis. Cleavage of the influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) protein is critical for infection; this is performed by host cell proteases during viral replication. In cell culture systems, HA is cleaved by trypsin added to the culture medium. The vast majority of established cell lines are mammalian. RESULTS In the present study, we generated genetically engineered chicken DF-1 cell lines overexpressing transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2, which cleaves HA), ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 1 (ST3GAL1, which plays a role in synthesis of α-2,3 linked sialic acids to which avian-adapted viruses bind preferentially), or both. We found that overexpression of TMPRSS2 supports the virus life cycle by cleaving HA. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of ST3GAL1 increased the viral titer. Finally, we showed that overexpression of both TMPRSS2 and ST3GAL1 increased the final viral titer due to enhanced support of viral replication and prolonged viability of the cells. In addition, overexpression of these genes of interest had no effect on cell proliferation and viability. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the results indicate that these engineered cells could be used as a cell-based system to propagate influenza virus efficiently in the absence of trypsin. Further studies on influenza virus interactions with chicken cell host factors could be studied without the effect of trypsin on cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Chungu
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Young Hyun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Seung Je Woo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Su Bin Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Hong Jo Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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Kang HG, Han JY, Lee SC, Kim M. Simple technique for the rescue and refixation of a partially disenclavated retropupillary iris claw intraocular lens. Int J Ophthalmol 2020; 13:1833-1835. [PMID: 33215018 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2020.11.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Goo Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Eye Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Eye Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211 Eonjuro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Eye Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Han JY, Choi EY, Lee CS. Therapeutic Effects and Safety of Spironolactone for Central Serous Chorioretinopathy. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2020. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2020.61.11.1311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Rengaraj D, Won S, Han JW, Yoo D, Kim H, Han JY. Whole-Transcriptome Sequencing-Based Analysis of DAZL and Its Interacting Genes during Germ Cells Specification and Zygotic Genome Activation in Chickens. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218170. [PMID: 33142918 PMCID: PMC7672628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The deleted in azoospermia like (DAZL) is required for germ cells development and maintenance. In chickens, the mRNA and protein of DAZL, a representative maternally inherited germ plasm factor, are detected in the germ plasm of oocyte, zygote, and all stages of the intrauterine embryos. However, it is still insufficient to explain the origin and specification process of chicken germ cells, because the stage at which the zygotic transcription of DAZL occurs and the stage at which the maternal DAZL RNA/protein clears have not yet been fully identified. Moreover, a comprehensive understanding of the expression of DAZL interacting genes during the germ cells specification and development and zygotic genome activation (ZGA) is lacking in chickens. In this study, we identified a set of DAZL interacting genes in chickens using in silico prediction method. Then, we analyzed the whole-transcriptome sequencing (WTS)-based expression of DAZL and its interacting genes in the chicken oocyte, zygote, and Eyal-Giladi and Kochav (EGK) stage embryos (EGK.I to EGK.X). In the results, DAZL transcripts are increased in the zygote (onset of transcription), maintained the increased level until EGK.VI, and decreased from EGK.VIII (possible clearance of maternal RNAs). Among the DAZL interacting genes, most of them are increased either at 1st ZGA or 2nd ZGA, indicating their involvement in germ cells specification and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (D.R.); (J.W.H.); (H.K.)
| | - Sohyoung Won
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.W.); (D.Y.)
| | - Jong Won Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (D.R.); (J.W.H.); (H.K.)
| | - DongAhn Yoo
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.W.); (D.Y.)
| | - Heebal Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (D.R.); (J.W.H.); (H.K.)
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.W.); (D.Y.)
- C&K Genomics, Seoul 05836, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (D.R.); (J.W.H.); (H.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-880-4810
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Park JS, Lee KY, Han JY. Precise Genome Editing in Poultry and Its Application to Industries. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11101182. [PMID: 33053652 PMCID: PMC7601607 DOI: 10.3390/genes11101182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry such as chickens are valuable model animals not only in the food industry, but also in developmental biology and biomedicine. Recently, precise genome-editing technologies mediated by the CRISPR/Cas9 system have developed rapidly, enabling the production of genome-edited poultry models with novel traits that are applicable to basic sciences, agriculture, and biomedical industry. In particular, these techniques have been combined with cultured primordial germ cells (PGCs) and viral vector systems to generate a valuable genome-edited avian model for a variety of purposes. Here, we summarize recent progress in CRISPR/Cas9-based genome-editing technology and its applications to avian species. In addition, we describe further applications of genome-edited poultry in various industries.
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Lee KY, Lee HJ, Choi HJ, Han ST, Lee KH, Park KJ, Park JS, Jung KM, Kim YM, Han HJ, Han JY. Highly elevated base excision repair pathway in primordial germ cells causes low base editing activity in chickens. FASEB J 2020; 34:15907-15921. [PMID: 33031594 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001065rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Base editing technology enables the generation of precisely genome-modified animal models. In this study, we applied base editing to chicken, an important livestock animal in the fields of agriculture, nutrition, and research through primordial germ cell (PGC)-mediated germline transmission. Using this approach, we successfully produced two genome-modified chicken lines harboring mutations in the genes encoding ovotransferrin (TF) and myostatin (MSTN); however, only 55.5% and 35.7% of genome-modified chickens had the desired base substitutions in TF and MSTN, respectively. To explain the low base-editing activity, we performed molecular analysis to compare DNA repair pathways between PGCs and the chicken fibroblast cell line DF-1. The results revealed that base excision repair (BER)-related genes were significantly elevated in PGCs relative to DF-1 cells. Subsequent functional studies confirmed that the editing activity could be regulated by modulating the expression of uracil N-glycosylase (UNG), an upstream gene of the BER pathway. Collectively, our findings indicate that the distinct DNA repair property of chicken PGCs causes low editing activity during genome modification, however, modulation of BER functions could promote the production of genome-modified organisms with the desired genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Youn Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Jo Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jung Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Taek Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Hyuk Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Je Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Se Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Min Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Jae Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Park YH, Chungu K, Lee SB, Woo SJ, Cho HY, Lee HJ, Rengaraj D, Lee JH, Song CS, Lim JM, Han JY. Host-Specific Restriction of Avian Influenza Virus Caused by Differential Dynamics of ANP32 Family Members. J Infect Dis 2020; 221:71-80. [PMID: 31581291 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza viruses must utilize host factors to complete their lifecycle. Species-specific differences in host factors between birds and mammals mean that avian influenza viruses (AIVs) replicate well in avian hosts but not in human hosts. Acidic nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family member A (ANP32A) has been identified as the host restriction factor for the viral polymerase (vPol) activity of AIVs. The ANP32A belongs to the conserved ANP32 family, the functional roles of which during viral replication remain unclear. METHODS In this study, we targeted chicken ANP32A using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9-mediated genome editing to examine the functional roles of ANP32A and other members of the ANP32 family. RESULTS We showed that chicken ANP32A only, not ANP32B and ANP32E, plays a pivotal role in supporting vPol activity of AIVs. Furthermore, we found that the human ANP32C, ANP32D, and ANP32E have suppressive effects on vPol activity in contrast to human ANP32A and ANP32B. CONCLUSIONS Chicken and human ANP32 family members had different effects on vPol activity, suggesting that species-specific vPol activity of AIVs could be caused by the differential functions and overall competency of ANP32 family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hyun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kelly Chungu
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Je Woo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yeon Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Jo Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deivendran Rengaraj
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ho Lee
- Avian Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Seon Song
- Avian Diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Mook Lim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Park KJ, Jung KM, Kim YM, Lee KH, Han JY. Production of germline chimeric quails by transplantation of cryopreserved testicular cells into developing embryos. Theriogenology 2020; 156:189-195. [PMID: 32755718 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The germplasm is a resource and tool for the conservation of genetic diversity in animals, including birds. Securing germplasm is limited in most bird species due to difficulties in semen collection and germ cell isolation, lack of germ cell-specific markers, and in vitro culture systems. Here, we report the production of germline chimeric quails by transplant of cryopreserved testicular cells (TCs) into the developing embryo. The testicular germ cell properties were maintained after freeze-thaw, with no significant reduction in cell viability irrespective of storage length. Cryopreserved TCs were transferred into Hamburger Hamilton (HH) stage 14-17 quail embryos, and were demonstrated to migrate into the embryonic gonads with similar efficiency to freshly isolated TCs. Twenty of 81 recipient embryos yielded hatchlings from cryopreserved TCs and the germline transmission efficiency was similar to that of freshly isolated cells. In conclusion, cryopreserved adult quail TCs are capable of (de)differentiation into functional gametes in recipient quail gonads and can generate donor TCs-derived progenies. This system is feasible for the isolation of sufficient germplasm resources from various bird species for conservation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Je Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyung Min Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Kyu Hyuk Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jae Yong Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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