1
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Sinha N, Pfund B, Wegeberg C, Prescimone A, Wenger OS. Cobalt(III) Carbene Complex with an Electronic Excited-State Structure Similar to Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9859-9873. [PMID: 35623627 PMCID: PMC9490849 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
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Many organometallic
iridium(III) complexes have photoactive excited
states with mixed metal-to-ligand and intraligand charge transfer
(MLCT/ILCT) character, which form the basis for numerous applications
in photophysics and photochemistry. Cobalt(III) complexes with analogous
MLCT excited-state properties seem to be unknown yet, despite the
fact that iridium(III) and cobalt(III) can adopt identical low-spin
d6 valence electron configurations due to their close chemical
relationship. Using a rigid tridentate chelate ligand (LCNC), in which a central amido π-donor is flanked by two σ-donating
N-heterocyclic carbene subunits, we obtained a robust homoleptic complex
[Co(LCNC)2](PF6), featuring a photoactive
excited state with substantial MLCT character. Compared to the vast
majority of isoelectronic iron(II) complexes, the MLCT state of [Co(LCNC)2](PF6) is long-lived because it
does not deactivate as efficiently into lower-lying metal-centered
excited states; furthermore, it engages directly in photoinduced electron
transfer reactions. The comparison with [Fe(LCNC)2](PF6), as well as structural, electrochemical, and UV–vis
transient absorption studies, provides insight into new ligand design
principles for first-row transition-metal complexes with photophysical
and photochemical properties reminiscent of those known from the platinum
group metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Björn Pfund
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christina Wegeberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Prescimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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2
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Watt FA, Sieland B, Dickmann N, Schoch R, Herbst-Irmer R, Ott H, Paradies J, Kuckling D, Hohloch S. Coupling of CO 2 and epoxides catalysed by novel N-fused mesoionic carbene complexes of nickel(II). Dalton Trans 2021; 50:17361-17371. [PMID: 34788774 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03311e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the syntheses of two rigid mesoionic carbene (MIC) ligands with a carbazole backbone via an intramolecular Finkelstein-cyclisation cascade and investigate their coordination behavior towards nickel(II) acetate. Despite the nickel(II) carbene complexes 4a,b showing only minor differences in their chemical composition, they display curious differences in their chemical properties, e.g. solubility. Furthermore, the potential of these novel MIC complexes in the coupling of carbon dioxide and epoxides as well as the differences in reactivity compared to classical NHC-derived complexes are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian A Watt
- Paderborn University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Benedikt Sieland
- Paderborn University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Nicole Dickmann
- Paderborn University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Roland Schoch
- Paderborn University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- University of Göttingen, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Tammannstraße 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Holger Ott
- Bruker AXS GmbH, Östliche Rheinbrückenstraße 49, 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jan Paradies
- Paderborn University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Dirk Kuckling
- Paderborn University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Warburger Straße 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Stephan Hohloch
- University of Innsbruck, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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3
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Taniguchi W, Ito JI, Yamashita M. CNC-pincer iron complexes containing a bis(N-heterocyclic carbene)Amido ligand: Synthesis and application to catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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4
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Abstract
The use of carbon monoxide as a direct reducing agent for the deoxygenation of terminal and internal epoxides to the respective olefins is presented. This reaction is homogeneously catalyzed by a carbonyl pincer-iridium(I) complex in combination with a Lewis acid co-catalyst to achieve a pre-activation of the epoxide substrate, as well as the elimination of CO2 from a γ-2-iridabutyrolactone intermediate. Especially terminal alkyl epoxides react smoothly and without significant isomerization to the internal olefins under CO atmosphere in benzene or toluene at 80-120 °C. Detailed investigations reveal a substrate-dependent change in the mechanism for the epoxide C-O bond activation between an oxidative addition under retention of the configuration and an SN 2 reaction that leads to an inversion of the configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theo Maulbetsch
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Eva Jürgens
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Doris Kunz
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
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5
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Liska T, Swetz A, Lai PN, Zeller M, Teets TS, Gray TG. Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Platinum(II) Alkynyls with Microsecond Lifetimes Bearing a Strong-Field Pincer Ligand. Chemistry 2020; 26:8417-8425. [PMID: 32150648 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The use of organometallic triplet emitters in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) is motivated by the premise of efficient intersystem crossing leading to unit internal quantum efficiencies. However, since most devices are based on solid-state components, an inherent limitation to square-planar platinum(II) phosphors is their tendency toward aggregation-based quenching. Here, a new class of emissive, four-coordinate PtII species based on the bisimidazolyl carbazolide (BIMCA) ligand is introduced, which displays highly efficient, long-lived solid-state phosphorescence at room temperature. A set of four BIMCAPt phenyl acetylides were synthesized that emit in the green (λmax =507-540 nm) with >60 % quantum yield and millisecond lifetimes. The structures of the resulting species reveal a non-planar structure imposed by steric clashes between BIMCA and the iodo or alkynyl co-ligand. Ground-state and photophysical characterization are presented. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the BIMCA ligand dominates the frontier orbitals along with the first Franck-Condon singlet and triplet excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeas Liska
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
| | - Anna Swetz
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
| | - Po-Ni Lai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Thomas S Teets
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas, 77204, USA
| | - Thomas G Gray
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA
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6
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Recent advances in the chemistry of group 9—Pincer organometallics. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Gyton MR, Leforestier B, Chaplin AB. Rhodium(III) and Iridium(III) Complexes of a NHC-Based Macrocycle: Persistent Weak Agostic Interactions and Reactions with Dihydrogen. Organometallics 2018; 37:3963-3971. [PMID: 30449914 PMCID: PMC6234485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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The
synthesis and characterization of five-coordinate rhodium(III)
and iridium(III) 2,2′-biphenyl complexes [M(CNC-12)(biph)][BArF4] (M = Rh (1a), Ir (1b)), featuring the macrocyclic lutidine- and NHC-based pincer ligand
CNC-12 are reported. In the solid state these complexes are notable
for the adoption of weak ε-agostic interactions that are characterized
by M···H–C contacts of ca. 3.0 Å by X-ray crystallography and ν(CH)
bands of reduced wavenumber by ATR IR spectroscopy. Remarkably, these
interactions persist on dissolution and were observed at room temperature
using NMR spectroscopy (CD2Cl2) and solution-phase
IR spectroscopy (CCl4). The associated metrics point toward
a stronger M···H–C interaction in the iridium
congener, and this conclusion is borne out on interrogation of 1 in silico using DFT-based NBO and QTAIM analyses. Reaction
of 1 with dihydrogen resulted in hydrogenolysis of the
biaryl and formation of fluxional hydride complexes, whose ground
state formulations as [Rh(CNC-12)H2][BArF4] (2a″) and [Ir(CNC-12)H2(H2)][BArF4] (2b‴)
are proposed on the basis of inversion recovery and variable-temperature
NMR experiments, alongside a computational analysis. Reactions of 1 and 2 with carbon monoxide help support their
respective structural properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Gyton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Baptiste Leforestier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
| | - Adrian B Chaplin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
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8
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Esteruelas MA, Gómez-Bautista D, López AM, Oñate E, Tsai JY, Xia C. η1
-Arene Complexes as Intermediates in the Preparation of Molecular Phosphorescent Iridium(III) Complexes. Chemistry 2017; 23:15729-15737. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Esteruelas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Daniel Gómez-Bautista
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Ana M. López
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Enrique Oñate
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA); Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC; 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Jui-Yi Tsai
- Universal Display Corporation; 375 Phillips Boulevard Ewing New Jersey 08618 USA
| | - Chuanjun Xia
- Universal Display Corporation; 375 Phillips Boulevard Ewing New Jersey 08618 USA
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9
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Sun J, Luo L, Luo Y, Deng L. An NHC-Silyl-NHC Pincer Ligand for the Oxidative Addition of C−H, N−H, and O−H Bonds to Cobalt(I) Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P.R. China
| | - Lun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian 11602 P.R. China
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemical Engineering; Dalian University of Technology; Dalian 11602 P.R. China
| | - Liang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P.R. China
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10
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An NHC-Silyl-NHC Pincer Ligand for the Oxidative Addition of C−H, N−H, and O−H Bonds to Cobalt(I) Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2720-2724. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Jürgens
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Doris Kunz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen; Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
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12
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Nickel(II) complexes of amine functionalized N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), synthesis and catalysis in Kumada coupling of aryl chlorides. J Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2016.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Jürgens E, Back O, Mayer JJ, Heinze K, Kunz D. Synthesis of copper(II) and gold(III) bis(NHC)-pincer complexes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2016-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
CuII and AuIII chlorido complexes bearing the bis(NHC) carbazolide pincer ligand (bimca) were synthesized by transmetallation from the respective lithium complex [Li(bimca)] (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene). In the case of copper, two different molecular structures were obtained depending on the copper source. With Cu(II) chloride the paramagnetic mononuclear [Cu(bimca)Cl] complex is formed and has been characterized by EPR spectroscopy and X-ray structure analysis, while copper(I) chloride leads under oxidation to a dinuclear structure in which two cationic [CuII(bimca)] moieties are bridged by one chlorido ligand. The positive charge is compensated by the [CuCl2]− counter ion, as proven by X-ray structure analysis. Transmetallation of [Li(bimca)] with AuCl3 leads to the [Au(bimca)Cl]+ complex with a tetrachloridoaurate counter ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Jürgens
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Back
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Johannes J. Mayer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katja Heinze
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10–14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Doris Kunz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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14
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Jürgens E, Buys KN, Schmidt AT, Furfari SK, Cole ML, Moser M, Rominger F, Kunz D. Optimised synthesis of monoanionic bis(NHC)-pincer ligand precursors and their Li-complexes. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj01941b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward preparation of bis(imidazol)carbazole 4 from carbazole, its transformation to various bis(imidazolium) salts and their deprotonation to Li carbene complexes is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Jürgens
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
- D-72076 Tübingen
- Germany
| | - Kai N. Buys
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Anna-Theresa Schmidt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
- D-72076 Tübingen
- Germany
| | | | - Marcus L. Cole
- School of Chemistry
- University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Michael Moser
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg
- D-69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Ruprecht-Karls Universität Heidelberg
- D-69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Doris Kunz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
- D-72076 Tübingen
- Germany
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
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15
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Raible B, Gierz V, Kunz D. Identifying and Rationalizing the Conditions for the Isomerization of 1,5-Cyclooctadiene in Iridium Complexes by Experimental and Theoretical Mechanistic Studies. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Raible
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf
der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Verena Gierz
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf
der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Doris Kunz
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf
der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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16
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Seyboldt A, Wucher B, Hohnstein S, Eichele K, Rominger F, Törnroos KW, Kunz D. Evidence for the Formation of Anionic Zerovalent Group 10 Complexes as Highly Reactive Intermediates. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/om500836m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Seyboldt
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Wucher
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Silvia Hohnstein
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Eichele
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 250, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karl W. Törnroos
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, 5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Doris Kunz
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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