1
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Di Matteo M, Gagliardi A, Pradal A, Veiros LF, Gallou F, Poli G. Pd-Catalyzed C(sp 2)-H/C(sp 2)-H Coupling of Limonene. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10451-10461. [PMID: 39025478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Limonene undergoes a regioselective Pd(II)-catalyzed C(sp2)-H/C(sp2)-H coupling with acrylic acid esters and amides, α,β-unsaturated ketones, styrenes, and allyl acetate, affording novel 1,3-dienes. DFT computations gave results in accord with the experimental results and allowed for the formulation of a plausible mechanism. The postfunctionalization of one of the coupled products was achieved via a large-scale Sonogashira reaction conducted under micellar catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Di Matteo
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Anna Gagliardi
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Pradal
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Luis F Veiros
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049 001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Giovanni Poli
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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2
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González-Fernández E, Marinus N, Dhankhar J, Linden A, Čorić I. Control over Anion Coordination on Pd(II), Cu(I), and Ag(I) with Regioisomeric Phosphine-Carboxylate Ligands. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401215. [PMID: 38688855 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The coordination of anionic donors is involved at various stages of catalytic cycles in transition-metal catalysis, but control over the spatial positioning of anions around a metal center is a challenge in coordination chemistry. Here we show that regioisomeric phosphine-carboxylate ligands provide spatial anion control on palladium(II) centers by favoring either κ2, cis-κ1, or trans-κ1 coordination of the carboxylate donor. Additionally, the palladium(II) carboxylates, which contain a methyl donor, upon protonation, deliver metal-alkyl complexes that feature a coordinated carboxylic acid. Such complexes can be considered as models for the minima that follow the concerted metalation-deprotonation transition state for C-H activation. The predictability of the coordination modes is further demonstrated on silver(I) and copper(I) centers, for which less common structures of mononuclear and dinuclear complexes can be obtained by using spatial anion control. Our results demonstrate the potential for spatial control over carboxylate anions in coordination chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa González-Fernández
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Nittert Marinus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Jyoti Dhankhar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Linden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Ilija Čorić
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
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3
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Gu C, So CM. Regio- and Chemoselective Palladium-Catalyzed Additive-Free Direct C─H Functionalization of Heterocycles with Chloroaryl Triflates Using Pyrazole-Alkyl Phosphine Ligands. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309192. [PMID: 38482750 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
A series of new pyrazole-alkyl phosphine ligands with varying cycloalkyl ring sizes that enable additive-free regio- and chemoselective C─H arylation of heterocycles are reported. Excellent α/β selectivity of various heterocycles such as benzo[b]thiophene, thiophene, furan, benzofuran, and thiazole can be achieved using these ligands, along with excellent chemoselectivity of C─Cl over C─OTf of chloroaryl triflates. Mechanistic studies supported by both experimental findings and density functional theory calculations indicate that the pyrazole phosphine ligands with optimal ring sizes allow the reaction to proceed with a lower energy barrier via a concerted metalation-deprotonation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxue Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Chau Ming So
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518000, P. R. China
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4
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Požgan F, Grošelj U, Svete J, Štefane B, Al Mamari HH. Recent Advances in the Nickel-Catalyzed Alkylation of C-H Bonds. Molecules 2024; 29:1917. [PMID: 38731408 PMCID: PMC11085484 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Functionalization of C-H bonds has emerged as a powerful strategy for converting inert, nonfunctional C-H bonds into their reactive counterparts. A wide range of C-H bond functionalization reactions has become possible by the catalysis of metals, typically from the second row of transition metals. First-row transition metals can also catalyze C-H functionalization, and they have the merits of greater earth-abundance, lower cost and better environmental friendliness in comparison to their second-row counterparts. C-H bond alkylation is a particularly important C-H functionalization reaction due to its chemical significance and its applications in natural product synthesis. This review covers Ni-catalyzed C-H bond alkylation reactions using alkyl halides and olefins as alkyl sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franc Požgan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (F.P.); (U.G.); (J.S.); (B.Š.)
| | - Uroš Grošelj
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (F.P.); (U.G.); (J.S.); (B.Š.)
| | - Jurij Svete
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (F.P.); (U.G.); (J.S.); (B.Š.)
| | - Bogdan Štefane
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (F.P.); (U.G.); (J.S.); (B.Š.)
| | - Hamad H. Al Mamari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
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5
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Antoniou IM, Ioannou N, Panagiotou N, Georgiades SN. LED-induced Ru-photoredox Pd-catalyzed C-H arylation of (6-phenylpyridin-2-yl)pyrimidines and heteroaryl counterparts. RSC Adv 2024; 14:12179-12191. [PMID: 38628490 PMCID: PMC11019410 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02173h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
N-heterocycles are essential building blocks and scaffolds in medicinal chemistry. A Pd-catalyzed, Ru-photoredox-mediated C-H arylation is applied herein, for converting a series of functionality-inclusive (6-phenylpyridin-2-yl)pyrimidines to single arylated derivatives, using phenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate as aryl source. This green chemistry-compliant transformation is induced by LED light. The drug-like modular substrates are constructed via combination of Biginelli multi-component condensation and Suzuki C-C cross-coupling, in order to strategically install, adjacent to the Ph-ring intended to undergo C-H arylation, a (6-pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidine that plays the role of a chelating directing moiety for the C-H arylation catalyst. The scope has been demonstrated on a series of 26 substrates, comprising diverse Ph-ring substituents and substitution patterns, as well as with 13 different aryl donors. Substrates in which the Ph-ring (arylation acceptor) was replaced by an electron-rich heteroaryl counterpart (2-/3-thiophene or -benzofuran) have also been examined and found to undergo arylation regioselectively. End-product conformations afford interesting motifs for occupying 3D chemical space, as implied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which has allowed the elucidation of six structures of aryl derivatives and one of an unprecedented pyrimidine-pyridine-benzofuran carbopalladated complex, believed to be a C-H activation derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioakeim M Antoniou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus 1 Panepistimiou Avenue, Aglandjia 2109 Nicosia Cyprus
| | - Natalia Ioannou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus 1 Panepistimiou Avenue, Aglandjia 2109 Nicosia Cyprus
| | - Nikos Panagiotou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus 1 Panepistimiou Avenue, Aglandjia 2109 Nicosia Cyprus
| | - Savvas N Georgiades
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus 1 Panepistimiou Avenue, Aglandjia 2109 Nicosia Cyprus
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6
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Pipaón Fernández N, Cruise O, Easton SEF, Kaplan JM, Woodard JL, Hruszkewycz DP, Leitch DC. Direct Heterocycle C-H Alkenylation via Dual Catalysis Using a Palladacycle Precatalyst: Multifactor Optimization and Scope Exploration Enabled by High-Throughput Experimentation. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38206166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
One of the major challenges in developing catalytic methods for C-C bond formation is the identification of generally applicable reaction conditions, particularly if multiple substrate structural classes are involved. Pd-catalyzed direct arylation reactions are powerful transformations that enable direct functionalization of C-H bonds; however, the corresponding direct alkenylation reactions, using vinyl (pseudo) halide electrophiles, are less well developed. Inspired by process development efforts toward GSK3368715, an investigational active pharmaceutical ingredient, we report that a Pd(II) palladacycle derived from tri-tert-butylphosphine and Pd(OAc)2 is an effective single-component precatalyst for a variety of direct alkenylation reactions. High-throughput experimentation identified optimal solvent/base combinations for a variety of HetAr-H substrate classes undergoing C-H activation without the need for cocatalysts or stoichiometric silver bases (e.g., Ag2CO3). We propose this reaction proceeds via a dual cooperative catalytic mechanism, where in situ-generated Pd(0) supports a canonical Pd(0)/(II) cross-coupling cycle and the palladacycle effects C-H activation via CMD in a redox-neutral cycle. In all, 192 substrate combinations were tested with a hit rate of approximately 40% and 24 isolated examples. Importantly, this method was applied to prepare a key intermediate in the synthesis of GSK3368715 on multigram scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahiane Pipaón Fernández
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road., Victoria, Briish Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Odhran Cruise
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road., Victoria, Briish Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Sarah E F Easton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road., Victoria, Briish Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Justin M Kaplan
- Chemical Development, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - John L Woodard
- Chemical Development, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Damian P Hruszkewycz
- Chemical Development, GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - David C Leitch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road., Victoria, Briish Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
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7
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Thakur DG, Rathod NB, Patel SD, Patel DM, Patel RN, Sonawane MA, Ghosh SC. Palladium-Catalyzed Chelation-Assisted Aldehyde C-H Bond Activation of Quinoline-8-carbaldehydes: Synthesis of Amides from Aldehydes with Anilines and Other Amines. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38195393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed chelation-assisted direct aldehyde C-H bond amidation of quinoline-8-carbaldehydes with an amine was developed under mild reaction conditions. A wide range of amides were obtained in good to excellent yields from aldehyde with a variety of aniline derivatives and aliphatic amines. Our methodology was successfully applied to synthesize known DNA intercalating agents and can be easily scaled up to a gram scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Gopichand Thakur
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR), G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar , Gujarat 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Nileshkumar B Rathod
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR), G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar , Gujarat 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sachinkumar D Patel
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR), G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar , Gujarat 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Dharmik M Patel
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR), G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar , Gujarat 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Raj N Patel
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR), G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar , Gujarat 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mahesh A Sonawane
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR), G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar , Gujarat 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Subhash Chandra Ghosh
- Natural Products and Green Chemistry Division, Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR), G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar , Gujarat 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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8
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Kuwabara J, Kanbara T. Synthesis of Organic Optoelectronic Materials Using Direct C-H Functionalization. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300400. [PMID: 37823322 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Small molecules and polymers with conjugated structures can be used as organic optoelectronic materials. These molecules have conventionally been synthesized by cross-coupling reactions; however, in recent years, direct functionalization of C-H bonds has been used to synthesize organic optoelectronic materials. Representative reactions include direct arylation reactions (C-H/C-X couplings, with X being halogen or pseudo-halogen) and cross-dehydrogenative coupling (C-H/C-H cross-coupling) reactions. Although these reactions are convenient for short-step synthesis, they require regioselectivity in the C-H bonds and suppression of undesired homo-coupling side reactions. This review introduces examples of the synthesis of organic optoelectronic materials using two types of direct C-H functionalization reactions. In addition, we summarize our recent activities in the development of direct C-H functionalization reactions using fluorobenzenes as substrates. This review covers the reaction mechanism and material properties of the resulting products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpei Kuwabara
- Tsukuba Research Center for Energy Materials Science (TREMS), Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
- Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
| | - Takaki Kanbara
- Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8573, Japan
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9
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Sukowski V, van Borselen M, Mathew S, de Bruin B, Fernández-Ibáñez MÁ. meta-C-H Arylation of Aniline Derivatives via Palladium/ S,O-Ligand/Norbornene Cooperative Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202317741. [PMID: 38079090 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic amines are ubiquitous moieties in organic molecules and their direct functionalization is of great interest in many research areas due to their prevalence in pharmaceuticals and organic electronics. While several synthetic tools exist for the ortho- and para-functionalization of anilines, the functionalization of the less reactive meta-position is not easy to achieve with current methods. To date, the meta-C-H arylation of aniline derivatives has been restricted to either the use of directing groups & templates, or their transformation into anilides & quaternary anilinium salts. Herein, we report the first general and efficient meta-C-H-arylation of non-directed aniline derivatives via cooperative catalysis with a palladium-S,O-ligand-norbornene system. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions with a wide range of aniline derivatives and aryl iodides, while being operationally simple and scalable. Our preliminary mechanistic investigation-including the isolation of several palladium complexes and deuterium experiments-reveal useful insights into the substituent-effects of both the aniline-substrate and the norbornene-mediator during the meta-C-H activation step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Sukowski
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manuela van Borselen
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Mathew
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Naveen J, Satyanarayana G. Palladium-Catalyzed [3 + 2] Annulation of ortho-Substituted Iodoarenes with Maleimides via a Consecutive Double Heck-type Strategy. J Org Chem 2023; 88:16229-16247. [PMID: 37965816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report an efficient [3 + 2] annulation of ortho-substituted iodoarenes with maleimides via a palladium-catalyzed consecutive double Heck-type strategy, leading to fused tricyclic frameworks of pharmaceutical relevance. The protocol ensued through consecutive inter- and intramolecular Heck couplings effectively. This approach was compatible with a large variety of substrates and functional groups, and it was remarkably tolerated with unprotected maleimide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakkula Naveen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Hyderabad ,Kandi,Sangareddy ,Telangana 502 284, India
| | - Gedu Satyanarayana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Hyderabad ,Kandi,Sangareddy ,Telangana 502 284, India
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11
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Paul A, Sengupta A, Sarkar B, Yadav S. Acetoxy Group-Directed Regioselective C2 Alkenylation of Indoles via Pd-Ag Bimetallic Catalysis. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14423-14434. [PMID: 37794781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Regioselective C-H functionalizations of indoles reported to date with directing groups at C3 mainly rely on functional groups that are linked to the indole via C-C bonds. However, groups that are linked to the indole core by C-X linkages are also attractive due to the possibility of further modifications of the C-X bond. Herein, we report a 3-acetoxy directing group for the regioselective C2 alkenylation of indoles via a C-H activation-based, cross-dehydrogenative, oxidative Heck-type reaction. The reaction is catalyzed by Pd(II) and Ag(I) with stoichiometric Cu(II) as the oxidant and provides the 2-alkenylated indoles in yields of 52-84%. The reaction conditions are compatible with several functional groups at different positions as well as different N-protecting groups or free NH groups on the indole core. With respect to the alkene coupling partners, the reactions are successful with acrylates, vinyl sulfates, and phosphates. Specifically designed experiments, as well as density functional theory (DFT) computational studies, reveal that a heterodinuclear [Pd(μ-OAc)3Ag] bimetallic species is the actual catalyst responsible for the C-H alkenylation. A mechanistic path involving this catalytic species was also found to be favorable over other possible pathways for explaining the observed regioselectivity through DFT studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Paul
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
| | - Arunava Sengupta
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
| | - Bijan Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
| | - Somnath Yadav
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
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12
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de Carvalho RL, Diogo EBT, Homölle SL, Dana S, da Silva Júnior EN, Ackermann L. The crucial role of silver(I)-salts as additives in C-H activation reactions: overall analysis of their versatility and applicability. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6359-6378. [PMID: 37655711 PMCID: PMC10714919 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00328k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal catalyzed C-H activation reactions have been proven to be useful methodologies for the assembly of synthetically meaningful molecules. This approach bears intrinsic peculiarities that are important to be studied and comprehended in order to achieve its best performance. One example is the use of additives for the in situ generation of catalytically active species. This strategy varies according to the type of additive and the nature of the pre-catalyst that is being used. Thus, silver(I)-salts have proven to play an important role, due to the resulting high reactivity derived from the pre-catalysts of the main transition metals used so far. While being powerful and versatile, the use of silver-based additives can raise concerns, since superstoichiometric amounts of silver(I)-salts are typically required. Therefore, it is crucial to first understand the role of silver(I) salts as additives, in order to wisely overcome this barrier and shift towards silver-free systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato L de Carvalho
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais-UFMG, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Emilay B T Diogo
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais-UFMG, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Simon L Homölle
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Suman Dana
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Eufrânio N da Silva Júnior
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais-UFMG, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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13
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Roos CB, Chiang CH, Murray LAM, Yang D, Schulert L, Narayan ARH. Stereodynamic Strategies to Induce and Enrich Chirality of Atropisomers at a Late Stage. Chem Rev 2023; 123:10641-10727. [PMID: 37639323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Enantiomers, where chirality arises from restricted rotation around a single bond, are atropisomers. Due to the unique nature of the origins of their chirality, synthetic strategies to access these compounds in an enantioselective manner differ from those used to prepare enantioenriched compounds containing point chirality arising from an unsymmetrically substituted carbon center. In particular stereodynamic transformations, such as dynamic kinetic resolutions, thermodynamic dynamic resolutions, and deracemizations, which rely on the ability to racemize or interconvert enantiomers, are a promising set of transformations to prepare optically pure compounds in the late stage of a synthetic sequence. Translation of these synthetic approaches from compounds with point chirality to atropisomers requires an expanded toolbox for epimerization/racemization and provides an opportunity to develop a new conceptual framework for the enantioselective synthesis of these compounds.
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14
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Platt G, Aguiar PM, Athavan G, Bray JT, Scott NW, Fairlamb IJ, Perutz RN. Opening a Pandora's Flask on a Prototype Catalytic Direct Arylation Reaction of Pentafluorobenzene: The Ag 2CO 3/Pd(OAc) 2/PPh 3 System. Organometallics 2023; 42:2378-2394. [PMID: 37711884 PMCID: PMC10498494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Direct C-H functionalization reactions have opened new avenues in catalysis, removing the need for prefunctionalization of at least one of the substrates. Although C-H functionalization catalyzed by palladium complexes in the presence of a base is generally considered to proceed by the CMD/AMLA-6 mechanism, recent research has shown that silver(I) salts, frequently used as bases, can function as C-H bond activators instead of (or in addition to) palladium(II). In this study, we examine the coupling of pentafluorobenzene 1 to 4-iodotoluene 2a (and its analogues) to form 4-(pentafluorophenyl)toluene 3a catalyzed by palladium(II) acetate with the commonplace PPh3 ligand, silver carbonate as base, and DMF as solvent. By studying the reaction of 1 with Ag2CO3/PPh3 and with isolated silver (triphenylphosphine) carbonate complexes, we show the formation of C-H activation products containing the Ag(C6F5)(PPh3)n unit. However, analysis is complicated by the lability of the Ag-PPh3 bond and the presence of multiple species in the solution. The speciation of palladium(II) is investigated by high-resolution-MAS NMR (chosen for its suitability for suspensions) with a substoichiometric catalyst, demonstrating the formation of an equilibrium mixture of Pd(Ar)(κ1-OAc)(PPh3)2 and [Pd(Ar)(μ-OAc)(PPh3)]2 as resting states (Ar = Ph, 4-tolyl). These two complexes react stoichiometrically with 1 to form coupling products. The catalytic reaction kinetics is investigated by in situ IR spectroscopy revealing a two-term rate law and dependence on [Pdtot/nPPh3]0.5 consistent with the dissociation of an off-cycle palladium dimer. The first term is independent of [1], whereas the second term is first order in [1]. The observed rates are very similar with Pd(PPh3)4, Pd(Ph)(κ1-OAc)(PPh3)2, and [Pd(Ph)(μ-OAc)(PPh3)]2 catalysts. The kinetic isotope effect varied significantly according to conditions. The multiple speciation of both AgI and PdII acts as a warning against specifying the catalytic cycles in detail. Moreover, the rapid dynamic interconversion of AgI species creates a level of complexity that has not been appreciated previously.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joshua T.W. Bray
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United
Kingdom
| | - Neil W.J. Scott
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United
Kingdom
| | - Ian J.S. Fairlamb
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United
Kingdom
| | - Robin N. Perutz
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United
Kingdom
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15
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Garai S, Sureshkumar D. Palladium-Catalyzed Direct C(sp 2)-H Cyanomethylation of Arylamides using Chloroacetonitrile. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12755-12764. [PMID: 37611251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we devised a palladium-catalyzed efficient and versatile method for C(sp2)-H ortho-cyanomethylation of arylamides with a broad substrate scope and moderate to excellent yields. An inexpensive and commercially available chloroacetonitrile was employed as a cyanomethylating source. This method is also compatible with the air atmosphere. Further, the synthetic feasibility of this technique is established by gram-scale synthesis and functional group transformation of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Garai
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Devarajulu Sureshkumar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
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16
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Al Mamari HH, Borel J, Hickey A, Courtney E, Merz J, Zhang X, Friedrich A, Marder TB, McGlacken GP. Regioselective Iridium-Catalyzed C8-H Borylation of 4-Quinolones via Transient O-Borylated Quinolines. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301734. [PMID: 37280155 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The quinolone-quinoline tautomerization is harnessed to effect the regioselective C8-borylation of biologically important 4-quinolones by using [Ir(OMe)(cod)]2 as the catalyst precursor, the silica-supported monodentate phosphine Si-SMAP as the ligand, and B2 pin2 as the boron source. Initially, O-borylation of the quinoline tautomer takes place. Critically, the newly formed 4-(pinBO)-quinolines then undergo N-directed selective Ir-catalyzed borylation at C8. Hydrolysis of the OBpin moiety on workup returns the system to the quinolone tautomer. The C8-borylated quinolines were converted to their corresponding potassium trifluoroborate (BF3 K) salts and to their C8-chlorinated quinolone derivatives. The two-step C-H borylation-chlorination reaction sequence resulted in various C8-Cl quinolones in good yields. Conversion to C8-OH-, C8-NH2 -, and C8-Ar-substituted quinolones was also feasible by using this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad H Al Mamari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, PO Box 36, Al Khoudh 123, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julie Borel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Aobha Hickey
- School of Chemistry & Analytical and, Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Eimear Courtney
- School of Chemistry & Analytical and, Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, T12 YN60, Ireland
| | - Julia Merz
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerard P McGlacken
- School of Chemistry & Analytical and, Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, T12 YN60, Ireland
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17
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Li W, Chen Y, Chen Y, Xia S, Chang W, Zhu C, Houk KN, Liang Y, Xie J. Site-Selective Arylation of Carboxamides from Unprotected Peptides. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37377433 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The amidated peptides are an important class of biologically active compounds due to their unique biological properties and wide applications as potential peptide drugs and biomarkers. Despite the abundance of free amide motifs (Asn, Gln, and C-terminal amide) in native peptides, late-stage modification of the amide unit in naturally occurring peptides remains very rare because of the intrinsically weak nucleophilicity of amides and the interference of multiple competing nucleophilic residues, which generally lead to undesired side reactions. Herein, chemoselective arylation of amides in unprotected polypeptides has been developed under an air atmosphere to afford the N-aryl amide peptides bearing various functional motifs. Its success relies on the combination of gold catalysis and silver salt to differentiate the relative inert amide among a collection of reactive nucleophilic amino acid residues (e.g., -NH2, -OH, and -COOH), favoring the C-N bond coupling toward amides over other more nucleophilic groups. Experimental and DFT studies reveal a crucial role of the silver cation, which serves as a transient coordination mask of the more reactive reaction sites, overcoming the inherently low reactivity of amides. The excellent biocompatibility of this strategy has been applied to functionalize a wide range of peptide drugs and complex peptides. The application could be further extended to peptide labeling and peptide stapling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yinghan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Siyu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenju Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon-Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
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18
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Fan Z, Strassfeld DA, Park HS, Wu K, Yu JQ. Formal γ-C-H Functionalization of Cyclobutyl Ketones: Synthesis of cis-1,3-Difunctionalized Cyclobutanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202303948. [PMID: 37051944 PMCID: PMC10330309 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
1,3-Difunctionalized cyclobutanes are an emerging scaffold in medicinal chemistry that can confer beneficial pharmacological properties to small-molecule drug candidates. However, the diastereocontrolled synthesis of these compounds typically requires complicated synthetic routes, indicating a need for novel methods. Here, we report a sequential C-H/C-C functionalization strategy for the stereospecific synthesis of cis-γ-functionalized cyclobutyl ketones from readily available cyclobutyl aryl ketones. Specifically, a bicyclo[1.1.1]pentan-2-ol intermediate is generated from the parent cyclobutyl ketone via an optimized Norrish-Yang procedure. This intermediate then undergoes a ligand-enabled, palladium-catalyzed C-C cleavage/functionalization to produce valuable cis-γ-(hetero)arylated, alkenylated, and alkynylated cyclobutyl aryl ketones, the benzoyl moiety of which can subsequently be converted to a wide range of functional groups including amides and esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoulong Fan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Daniel A Strassfeld
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Han Seul Park
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kevin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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19
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Green KA, Honeycutt AP, Ciccone SR, Grice KA, Baur A, Petersen JL, Hoover JM. A Redox Transmetalation Step in Nickel-Catalyzed C-C Coupling Reactions. ACS Catal 2023; 13:6375-6381. [PMID: 37180967 PMCID: PMC10167653 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Ni-catalyzed C-H functionalization reactions are becoming efficient routes to access a variety of functionalized arenes, yet the mechanisms of these catalytic C-C coupling reactions are not well understood. Here, we report the catalytic and stoichiometric arylation reactions of a nickel(II) metallacycle. Treatment of this species with silver(I)-aryl complexes results in facile arylation, consistent with a redox transmetalation step. Additionally, treatment with electrophilic coupling partners generates C-C and C-S bonds. We anticipate that this redox transmetalation step may be relevant to other coupling reactions that employ silver salts as additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry-Ann Green
- C.
Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Aaron P. Honeycutt
- C.
Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Sierra R. Ciccone
- C.
Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Kyle A. Grice
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois 60614, United States
| | - Andreas Baur
- C.
Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Jeffrey L. Petersen
- C.
Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Jessica M. Hoover
- C.
Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
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20
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Guariento S, Chesi M, Bellina F, Copelli D, Venturi L, Bua E, Moretti E, Ronchi P. New Ligandless C−H Activation Procedure for The Decoration of C‐3 Position of 1H‐Indazole Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Guariento
- Chemistry Research and Drug Design Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A L.go Belloli 11/a 43122 Parma Italy
| | - Mattia Chesi
- Chemistry Research and Drug Design Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A L.go Belloli 11/a 43122 Parma Italy
| | - Fabio Bellina
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale Università di Pisa Via Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Diego Copelli
- GTD – Digital, Data & Modelling Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A L.go Belloli 11/a 43122 Parma Italy
| | - Luca Venturi
- Analytics and Early Formulation Department Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A L.go Belloli 11/a 43122 Parma Italy
| | - Emanuela Bua
- Food and Drug Department University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A 43124 Parma PR Italy
| | - Elisa Moretti
- Analytics and Early Formulation Department Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A L.go Belloli 11/a 43122 Parma Italy
| | - Paolo Ronchi
- Chemistry Research and Drug Design Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A L.go Belloli 11/a 43122 Parma Italy
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21
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Li J, Geng Y, Xu Z, Zhang P, Garbarino G, Miao M, Hu Q, Wang X. Mechanochemistry and the Evolution of Ionic Bonds in Dense Silver Iodide. JACS AU 2023; 3:402-408. [PMID: 36873701 PMCID: PMC9975826 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
External mechanical stress alters the nature of chemical bonds and triggers novel reactions, providing interesting synthetic protocols to supplement traditional solvent- or thermo-based chemical approaches. The mechanisms of mechanochemistry have been well studied in organic materials made of a carbon-centered polymeric framework and covalence force field. They convert stress into anisotropic strain which will engineer the length and strength of targeted chemical bonds. Here, we show that by compressing silver iodide in a diamond anvil cell, the external mechanical stress weakens the Ag-I ionic bonds and activate the global diffusion of super-ions. In contrast to conventional mechanochemistry, mechanical stress imposes unbiased influence on the ionicity of chemical bonds in this archetypal inorganic salt. Our combined synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiment and first-principles calculation demonstrate that upon the critical point of ionicity, the strong ionic Ag-I bonds break down, leading to the recovery of elemental solids from a decomposition reaction. Instead of densification, our results reveal the mechanism of an unexpected decomposition reaction through hydrostatic compression and suggest the sophisticated chemistry of simple inorganic compounds under extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfu Li
- School
of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai
University, Yantai264005, P.R. China
| | - Yanlei Geng
- School
of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai
University, Yantai264005, P.R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- School
of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai
University, Yantai264005, P.R. China
| | - Pinhua Zhang
- School
of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Linyi
University, Linyi276005, P.R. China
| | - Gaston Garbarino
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble38000, France
| | - Maosheng Miao
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California
State University, Northridge, California91330, United States
| | - Qingyang Hu
- Center
for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing100094, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- School
of Physics and Electronic Information, Yantai
University, Yantai264005, P.R. China
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22
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Yao J, Bai J, Kang X, Zhu M, Guo Y, Wang X. Non-directed C-H arylation of electron-deficient arenes by synergistic silver and Pd 3 cluster catalysis. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:3560-3565. [PMID: 36723135 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05825a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal clusters have attracted great attention in catalysis due to their unique reactivity and electronic properties, especially for novel substrate binding and activation modes at the bridging coordination sites of metal clusters. Although palladium complexes have demonstrated outstanding catalytic performance in various transformations, the catalytic behaviors of polynuclear palladium clusters in many important synthetic methodologies remain much less explored so far. Herein, we disclose the use of an atomically defined tri-nuclear palladium (Pd3Cl) species as a catalyst precursor in Ag(I)-assisted direct C-H arylation with aryl iodides under mild conditions. This catalyst system leads to the formation of synthetically important biaryls in good yields with high site selectivities without the assistance of directing groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Jiahui Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xi Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yinlong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China
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23
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Pérez-Ortega I, Albéniz AC. Multifaceted role of silver salts as ligand scavengers and different behavior of nickel and palladium complexes: beyond halide abstraction. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1425-1432. [PMID: 36644801 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03948f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of [NiArBr(PPh3)2] with AgBF4 brings about the abstraction of both the halide and phosphine from the nickel center by silver. When the reaction is carried out in CH2Cl2/toluene a mixture of the cationic aquo derivatives [NiAr(H2O)(PPh3)2]BF4 (2) and [NiAr(H2O)2(PPh3)]BF4 (3) is formed, along with AgBr and [Ag(PPh3)n]BF4. When the same reaction is carried out in acetone as the solvent, it leads to the completely different complex [NiAr(κ2-O, O-MeC(O)CH2C(OH)Me2)(PPh3)] (5), bearing a chelating ligand formed by the aldol self-condensation of acetone. Phosphine abstraction by silver is less favorable for the analogous palladium(II) complexes and only occurs if a large excess of AgBF4 is used. Thus, silver salts can be safely used as halide scavengers for palladium derivatives. However, the generation of cationic Ni complexes from neutral precursors by halide extraction with a silver salt may produce naked species, different than those expected, and highly reactive in certain media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Pérez-Ortega
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071-Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Ana C Albéniz
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071-Valladolid, Spain.
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24
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Rios EAM, Gomes CMB, Silvério GL, Luz EQ, Ali S, D'Oca CDRM, Albach B, Campos RB, Rampon DS. Silver-catalyzed direct selanylation of indoles: synthesis and mechanistic insights. RSC Adv 2023; 13:914-925. [PMID: 36686957 PMCID: PMC9811358 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06813c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein we describe the Ag(i)-catalyzed direct selanylation of indoles with diorganoyl diselenides. The reaction gave 3-selanylindoles with high regioselectivity and also allowed direct access to 2-selanylindoles when the C3 position of the indole ring was blocked via a process similar to Plancher rearrangement. Experimental analyses and density functional theory calculations were carried out in order to picture the reaction mechanism. Among the pathways considered (via concerted metalation-deprotonation, Ag(iii), radical, and electrophilic aromatic substitution), our findings support a classic electrophilic aromatic substitution via Lewis adducts between Ag(i) and diorganoyl diselenides. The results also afforded new insights into the interactions between Ag(i) and diorganoyl diselenides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Ane Maluf Rios
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Polymers and Catalysis (LaPoCa), Federal University of Paraná – UFPRP. O. Box 19061CuritibaPR81531-990Brazil
| | - Carla M. B. Gomes
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Polymers and Catalysis (LaPoCa), Federal University of Paraná – UFPRP. O. Box 19061CuritibaPR81531-990Brazil
| | - Gabriel L. Silvério
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Polymers and Catalysis (LaPoCa), Federal University of Paraná – UFPRP. O. Box 19061CuritibaPR81531-990Brazil
| | - Eduardo Q. Luz
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Polymers and Catalysis (LaPoCa), Federal University of Paraná – UFPRP. O. Box 19061CuritibaPR81531-990Brazil
| | - Sher Ali
- University of São Paulo, Faculty of Animal Science and Food EngineeringPirassunungaSPBrazil
| | - Caroline da Ros Montes D'Oca
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Polymers and Catalysis (LaPoCa), Federal University of Paraná – UFPRP. O. Box 19061CuritibaPR81531-990Brazil
| | - Breidi Albach
- Health Department, Unicesumar – The University Center of MaringáCuritibaPR81070-190Brazil
| | - Renan B. Campos
- Departamento Acadêmico de Química e Biologia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do ParanáRua Deputado Heitor de Alencar Furtado, 500081280-340CuritibaBrazil
| | - Daniel S. Rampon
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Polymers and Catalysis (LaPoCa), Federal University of Paraná – UFPRP. O. Box 19061CuritibaPR81531-990Brazil
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25
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Xu P, Tang Y, Chen Y, Bai J, Zhou P, Wang L, Sun X, Zhou Q. Nickel‐mediated Ortho C(sp
2
)−H Alkoxylation of Amides. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Research Center of Resources and Environment School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Changzhou Institute of Technology Changzhou 213022 P. R. China
| | - Ying‐Ying Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Chang Zhou Institute of Technology 666 Liao he road Changzhou 213032 China
| | - Yi‐Tian Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Chang Zhou Institute of Technology 666 Liao he road Changzhou 213032 China
| | - Ji‐Rong Bai
- Research Center of Resources and Environment School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Changzhou Institute of Technology Changzhou 213022 P. R. China
| | - Pin Zhou
- Research Center of Resources and Environment School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Changzhou Institute of Technology Changzhou 213022 P. R. China
| | - Ling‐ling Wang
- Research Center of Resources and Environment School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Changzhou Institute of Technology Changzhou 213022 P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Nan Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Chang Zhou Institute of Technology 666 Liao he road Changzhou 213032 China
| | - Quan‐Fa Zhou
- Research Center of Resources and Environment School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Changzhou Institute of Technology Changzhou 213022 P. R. China
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26
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Mondal A, van Gemmeren M. Silver-Free C-H Activation: Strategic Approaches towards Realizing the Full Potential of C-H Activation in Sustainable Organic Synthesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210825. [PMID: 36062882 PMCID: PMC9828228 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The activation of carbon-hydrogen bonds is considered as one of the most attractive techniques in synthetic organic chemistry because it bears the potential to shorten synthetic routes as well as to produce complementary product scopes compared to traditional synthetic strategies. However, many current methods employ silver salts as additives, leading to stoichiometric metal waste and thereby preventing the full potential of C-H activation to be exploited. Therefore, the development of silver-free protocols has recently received increasing attention. Mechanistically, silver can serve various roles in C-H activation and thus, avoiding the use of silver requires different approaches based on the role it serves in a given process. In this Review, we present the comparison of silver-based and silver-free methods. Focusing on the strategic approaches to develop silver-free C-H activation, we provide the reader with the means to develop sustainable methods for C-H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup Mondal
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 3648149MünsterGermany
| | - Manuel van Gemmeren
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische ChemieChristian-Albrechts-Universität zu KielOtto-Hahn-Platz 424118KielGermany
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27
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Roy S, Anoop A. Insights into the Active Catalyst Formation from Dinuclear Palladium Acetate in Pd-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions: A DFT Study. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8562-8576. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India
| | - Anakuthil Anoop
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India
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28
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Sable DA, Gholap A, Kommyreddy SP, Fartade DJ, Gharpure SJ, Schulzke C, Kapdi AR. Heteroatom-Assisted Regio- and Stereoselective Palladium-Catalyzed Carboxylation of 9-Allyl Adenine. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12574-12585. [PMID: 36173114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Strategy for the synthesis of acyclic nucleoside analogs of biological relevance via highly regio- and stereoselective C-H functionalization employing heteroatom-assisted palladium-catalyzed carboxylation of 9-allyl adenine is disclosed. Substrate scope with different carboxylic acids was performed giving decent to good yields of the desired products. The method also allowed for the synthesis of deuterated analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanashri A Sable
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Raod, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Aniket Gholap
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Raod, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | | | - Dipak J Fartade
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Santosh J Gharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Carola Schulzke
- Institute fur Biochemie, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff Strasse 4, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anant R Kapdi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Raod, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
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29
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Saha A, Ghosh A, Guin S, Panda S, Mal DK, Majumdar A, Akita M, Maiti D. Substrate‐Rhodium Cooperativity in Photoinduced
ortho
‐Alkynylation of Arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210492. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Argha Saha
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Animesh Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Srimanta Guin
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sanjib Panda
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Dibya Kanti Mal
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Abhirup Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Munetaka Akita
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI) Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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30
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Saha A, Ghosh A, Guin S, Panda S, Mal DK, Majumdar A, Akita M, Maiti D. Substrate‐Rhodium Cooperativity in Photoinduced ortho‐Alkynylation of Arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Argha Saha
- IIT Bombay: Indian Institute of Technology Bombay CHEMISTRY INDIA
| | - Animesh Ghosh
- IIT Bombay: Indian Institute of Technology Bombay CHEMISTRY INDIA
| | - Srimanta Guin
- IIT Bombay: Indian Institute of Technology Bombay CHEMISTRY INDIA
| | - Sanjib Panda
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay CHEMISTRY INDIA
| | - Dibya Kanti Mal
- IIT Bombay: Indian Institute of Technology Bombay CHEMISTRY INDIA
| | - Abhirup Majumdar
- IIT Bombay: Indian Institute of Technology Bombay CHEMISTRY INDIA
| | - Munetaka Akita
- Tokyo Institute of Technology Chemistry and Life Science JAPAN
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay Department of Chemistry Powai 400076 Mumbai INDIA
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31
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Athavan G, Tanner TFN, Whitwood AC, Fairlamb IJS, Perutz RN. Direct Evidence for Competitive C–H Activation by a Well-Defined Silver XPhos Complex in Palladium-Catalyzed C–H Functionalization. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Robin N. Perutz
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
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32
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Ni SF, Huang G, Chen Y, Wright JS, Li M, Dang L. Recent advances in γ-C(sp3)–H bond activation of amides, aliphatic amines, sulfanilamides and amino acids. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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33
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Singh AK, Venkatesh R, Kanaujiya VK, Tiwari V, Kandasamy J. Palladium‐Catalyzed Reaction of Aryl Iodides and Glycal Enones: Application in the Preparation of Dapagliflozin Analogues. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Varsha Tiwari
- Indian Institute of Technology BHU Varanasi Chemistry INDIA
| | - Jeyakumar Kandasamy
- Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Chemistry Varanasi 221005 Varanasi INDIA
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34
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Babu SA, Aggarwal Y, Patel P, Tomar R. Diastereoselective palladium-catalyzed functionalization of prochiral C(sp 3)-H bonds of aliphatic and alicyclic compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2612-2633. [PMID: 35113087 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05649b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We highlight the reported developments of the palladium-catalyzed C-H activation and functionalization of the inactive/unreactive prochiral C(sp3)-H bonds of aliphatic and alicyclic compounds. There exist numerous classical methods for generating contiguous stereogenic centers in a compound with a high degree of stereocontrol. Along similar lines, the Pd(II)-catalyzed, directing group-aided functionalization of inactive prochiral/diastereotopic C(sp3)-H bonds have been exploited to accomplish the stereoselective construction of stereo-arrays in organic compounds. We present a concise discussion on how specific strategies consisting of Pd(II)-catalyzed, directing group-aided C(sp3)-H functionalization have been utilized to generate two or more stereogenic centers in aliphatic and alicyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasarao Arulananda Babu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Yashika Aggarwal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Pooja Patel
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - Radha Tomar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Manauli P.O., Punjab, 140306, India.
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35
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Čorić I, Dhankhar J. Introduction to Spatial Anion Control for Direct C–H Arylation. Synlett 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractC–H activation of functionally rich molecules without the need for directing groups promises shorter organic syntheses and late-stage diversification of molecules for drug discovery. We highlight recent examples of palladium-catalyzed nondirected functionalization of C–H bonds in arenes as limiting substrates with a focus on the development of the concept of spatial anion control for direct C–H arylation.1 C–H Activation and the CMD Mechanism2 Nondirected C–H Functionalizations of Arenes as Limiting Substrates3 Nondirected C–H Arylation4 Spatial Anion Control for Direct C–H Arylation5 Coordination Chemistry with Spatial Anion Control6 Conclusion
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36
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Saha A, Guin S, Ali W, Bhattacharya T, Sasmal S, Goswami N, Prakash G, Sinha SK, Chandrashekar HB, Panda S, Anjana SS, Maiti D. Photoinduced Regioselective Olefination of Arenes at Proximal and Distal Sites. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1929-1940. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Argha Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Srimanta Guin
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Wajid Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Trisha Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sheuli Sasmal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Nupur Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Gaurav Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Soumya Kumar Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | | | - Sanjib Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - S. S. Anjana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI) Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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37
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Tomar R, Bhattacharya D, Arulananda Babu S. Direct lactamization of β‐arylated δ‐aminopentanoic acid carboxamides: En route to 4‐aryl‐ 2‐piperidones, piperidines, antituberculosis molecule Q203 (Telacebec) and its analogues. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Radha Tomar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Chemical Sciences INDIA
| | | | - Srinivasarao Arulananda Babu
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali Department of Chemical Sciences Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar,Mohali, Manauli P.O., 140306 Mohali INDIA
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38
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Rampon D, Seckler D, da Luz EQ, Paixão DB, Larroza AME, Schneider PH, Alves D. Transition metal catalysed direct sulfanylation of unreactive C-H bonds: an overview of the last two decades. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6072-6177. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00986b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal catalysed direct sulfanylations of unreactive C-H bonds have become a unique and straightforward synthetic strategy in late-stage C-S bond formation of relevant complex molecules. Such transformations have represented...
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39
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Frey J, Hou X, Ackermann L. Atropoenantioselective Palladaelectro-Catalyzed Anilide C–H Olefinations Viable with Natural Sunlight as Sustainable Power Source. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2729-2734. [PMID: 35340853 PMCID: PMC8890107 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06135f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Enantioselective electrocatalyzed transformations represent a major challenge. We herein achieved atropoenantioselective pallada-electrocatalyzed C–H olefinations and C–H allylations with high efficacy and enantioselectivity under exceedingly mild reaction conditions. With (S)-5-oxoproline as the chiral ligand, activated and non-activated olefins were suitable substrates for the electro-C–H activations. Dual catalysis was devised in terms of electro-C–H olefination, along with catalytic hydrogenation. Challenging enantiomerically-enriched chiral anilide scaffolds were thereby obtained with high levels of enantio-control in the absence of toxic and cost-intensive silver salts. The resource-economy of the transformation was even improved by directly employing renewable solar energy. Asymmetric pallada-electrocatalyzed C–H activation of achiral anilides were accomplished by catalyst control with high levels of enantioselectivity. Dual catalysis was devised, while photovoltaic cells could be used to empower the electrocatalysis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Frey
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 237077 Göttingen Germany http://www.ackermann.chemie.uni-goettingen.de/
| | - Xiaoyan Hou
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 237077 Göttingen Germany http://www.ackermann.chemie.uni-goettingen.de/
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 237077 Göttingen Germany http://www.ackermann.chemie.uni-goettingen.de/
- Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Germany
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40
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Kori S, Bhujbal Y, Vadagaonkar K, Kapdi AR, Kommyreddy SP, Gharpure SJ. Room temperature HFIP/Ag-promoted palladium-catalyzed C-H functionalization of benzothiazole with iodoarenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:847-850. [PMID: 34931644 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06063e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A versatile synthetic protocol involving the room temperature direct arylation of benzothiazole with a wide variety of iodoarenes under Ag-promoted Pd-catalyzed conditions in HFIP as the reaction solvent has been presented. A sequential HFIP-promoted selective iodination of arenes followed by Pd-catalyzed direct arylation of benzothiazole has also been disclosed. The utility of the developed protocol has been demonstrated by the synthesis of anti-tumor agents, PMX-610 and CJM-126 (precursor).
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kori
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Road, Matunga, Mumbai-400019, India. .,Institute of Chemical Technology-Indian Oil Odisha Campus, IIT Kharagpur Extension Centre, Mouza Samantpuri, Bhubaneswar-751013, Odisha, India
| | - Yuvraj Bhujbal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Road, Matunga, Mumbai-400019, India.
| | - Kamlesh Vadagaonkar
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Road, Matunga, Mumbai-400019, India.
| | - Anant R Kapdi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Road, Matunga, Mumbai-400019, India.
| | | | - Santosh J Gharpure
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India
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41
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Xu P, Shi S, Du Z, Bai J, Zhou P, Wang L, Dong S, Sun X, Zhou Q. Ni(II)‐Mediated Ortho C(sp2)‐H Amidation of Arenes to Synthesis Secondary Sulfonamides via Sulfonyl Azides. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Research Center of Resources and Environment School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Changzhou Institute of Technology Changzhou 213022 P. R. China
| | - Si−Yi Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Chang Zhou Institute of Technology 666 Liao he road Changzhou 213032 China
| | - Zhi‐jun Du
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 China
| | - Ji‐Rong Bai
- Research Center of Resources and Environment School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Changzhou Institute of Technology Changzhou 213022 P. R. China
| | - Pin Zhou
- Research Center of Resources and Environment School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Changzhou Institute of Technology Changzhou 213022 P. R. China
| | - Ling‐ling Wang
- Research Center of Resources and Environment School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Changzhou Institute of Technology Changzhou 213022 P. R. China
| | - Shuang Dong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Chang Zhou Institute of Technology 666 Liao he road Changzhou 213032 China
| | - Xiao‐Nan Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Chang Zhou Institute of Technology 666 Liao he road Changzhou 213032 China
| | - Quan‐Fa Zhou
- Research Center of Resources and Environment School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Changzhou Institute of Technology Changzhou 213022 P. R. China
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42
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Kong J, Jiang ZJ, Xu J, Li Y, Cao H, Ding Y, Tang B, Chen J, Gao Z. Ortho-Deuteration of Aromatic Aldehydes via a Transient Directing Group-Enabled Pd-Catalyzed Hydrogen Isotope Exchange. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13350-13359. [PMID: 34516112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A practical and scalable ortho-selective deuteration of aromatic aldehydes was accomplished by Pd-catalyzed hydrogen isotope exchange with deuterium oxide as an inexpensive deuterium source. The use of tert-leucine as a transient directing group facilitates the exchange, affording a wide range of ortho-deuterated aromatic aldehydes with deuterium incorporation up to 97%. The control experiments suggest that the addition of silver trifluoroacetate resists the unexpected reduction of Pd(II), while the theoretical study indicates a rapid reversible concerted metalation-deprotonation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Kong
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, P. R. China.,College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Jiang Jiang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, P. R. China
| | - Jiayuan Xu
- Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, P. R. China.,College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310027, P. R. China
| | - Hong Cao
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Ding
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, P. R. China
| | - Bencan Tang
- Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, P. R. China
| | - Jia Chen
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, P. R. China
| | - Zhanghua Gao
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, P. R. China
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43
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijung Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gajeong-dong, Yuseong, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Nanocatalysts, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kyu Hwang
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST), Gajeong-dong, Yuseong, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Nanocatalysts, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesung Kwak
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
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44
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N-Directed Pd-Catalyzed Photoredox-Mediated C–H Arylation for Accessing Phenyl-Extended Analogues of Biginelli/Suzuki-Derived Ethyl 4-Methyl-2,6-diphenylpyrimidine-5-carboxylates. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11091071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability and application of direct, functional group-compatible C–H activation methods for late-stage modification of small-molecule bioactives and other valuable materials remains an ongoing challenge in organic synthesis. In the current study, we demonstrate that a LED-activated, photoredox-mediated, Pd(OAc)2-catalyzed C–H arylation, employing a phenyldiazonium aryl source and either tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) or (2,2′-bipyridine)bis[3,5-di-fluoro-2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl-kN][phenyl-kC]iridium(III) as photoredox initiator, may successfully produce unprecedented mono- and bis-phenyl derivatives of functionality-rich 2,6-diphenylpyrimidine substrates at room temperature. The series of 19 substrates employed herein, which share the biologically-relevant 4-methyl-2,6-diphenylpyrimidine-5-carboxylate scaffold, were generated via a synthetic route involving (3-component) Biginelli condensation, oxidative dehydrogenation of the obtained 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one to 2-hydroxypyrimidine, O-sulfonylation, and Suzuki-Miyaura C–C cross-coupling. Submission of these substrates to pyrimidine-N-atom-directed C–H arylation conditions led to regioselective phenylation at the ortho site(s) of the pyrimidine-C2-connected phenyl ring, revealing substituent-dependent electronic and steric effects. A focused library of 18 mono- and 10 bis-phenyl derivatives was generated. Its members exhibit interesting 3D and peripheral substitution features that render them promising for evaluation in drug discovery efforts.
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45
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Hao W, Bay KL, Harris CF, King DS, Guzei IA, Aristov MM, Zhuang Z, Plata RE, Hill DE, Houk KN, Berry JF, Yu JQ, Blackmond DG. Probing Catalyst Speciation in Pd-MPAAM-Catalyzed Enantioselective C(sp 3)–H Arylation: Catalyst Improvement via Destabilization of Off-Cycle Species. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hao
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037 United States
| | - Katherine L. Bay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Caleb F. Harris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Daniel S. King
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Ilia A. Guzei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Michael M. Aristov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Zhe Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037 United States
| | - R. Erik Plata
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037 United States
| | - David E. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037 United States
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - John F. Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037 United States
| | - Donna G. Blackmond
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037 United States
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46
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Uttry A, Mal S, van Gemmeren M. Late-Stage β-C(sp 3)-H Deuteration of Carboxylic Acids. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10895-10901. [PMID: 34279928 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Carboxylic acids are highly abundant in bioactive molecules. In this study, we describe the late-stage β-C(sp3)-H deuteration of free carboxylic acids. On the basis of the finding that C-H activation with our catalysts is reversible, the de-deuteration process was first optimized. The resulting method uses ethylenediamine-based ligands and can be used to achieve the desired deuteration when using a deuterated solvent. The reported method allows for the functionalization of a wide range of free carboxylic acids with diverse substitution patterns, as well as the late-stage deuteration of bioactive molecules and related frameworks and enables the functionalization of nonactivated methylene β-C(sp3)-H bonds for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Uttry
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sourjya Mal
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Manuel van Gemmeren
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
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47
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Bhattacharya T, Dutta S, Maiti D. Deciphering the Role of Silver in Palladium-Catalyzed C–H Functionalizations. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trisha Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Subhabrata Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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48
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Al Mamari HH, Al Kiumi D, Al Rashdi T, Al Quraini H, Al Rashdi M, Al Sheraiqi S, Al Harmali S, Al Lamki M, Al Sheidi A, Al Zadjali A. Ru‐Catalyzed C(sp
2
)−H Bond Arylation of Benzamides Bearing a Novel 4‐Aminoantipyrine as a Directing Group. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamad H. Al Mamari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Sultan Qaboos University PO Box 36, Al Khoudh 123 Muscat Sultanate of Oman
| | - Diana Al Kiumi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Sultan Qaboos University PO Box 36, Al Khoudh 123 Muscat Sultanate of Oman
| | - Tamadher Al Rashdi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Sultan Qaboos University PO Box 36, Al Khoudh 123 Muscat Sultanate of Oman
| | - Huda Al Quraini
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Sultan Qaboos University PO Box 36, Al Khoudh 123 Muscat Sultanate of Oman
| | - Malak Al Rashdi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Sultan Qaboos University PO Box 36, Al Khoudh 123 Muscat Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sumayya Al Sheraiqi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Sultan Qaboos University PO Box 36, Al Khoudh 123 Muscat Sultanate of Oman
| | - Sara Al Harmali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Sultan Qaboos University PO Box 36, Al Khoudh 123 Muscat Sultanate of Oman
| | - Mohammed Al Lamki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Sultan Qaboos University PO Box 36, Al Khoudh 123 Muscat Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ahmed Al Sheidi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Sultan Qaboos University PO Box 36, Al Khoudh 123 Muscat Sultanate of Oman
| | - Asma Al Zadjali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Sultan Qaboos University PO Box 36, Al Khoudh 123 Muscat Sultanate of Oman
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49
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Landge VG, Grant AJ, Fu Y, Rabon AM, Payton JL, Young MC. Palladium-Catalyzed γ,γ'-Diarylation of Free Alkenyl Amines. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10352-10360. [PMID: 34161068 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The direct difunctionalization of alkenes is an effective way to construct multiple C-C bonds in one-pot using a single functional group. The regioselective dicarbofunctionalization of alkenes is therefore an important area of research to rapidly obtain complex organic molecules. Herein, we report a palladium-catalyzed γ,γ'-diarylation of free alkenyl amines through interrupted chain walking for the synthesis of Z-selective alkenyl amines. Notably, while 1,3-dicarbofunctionalization of allyl groups is well precedented, the present disclosure allows 1,3-dicarbofunctionalization of highly substituted allylamines to give highly Z-selective trisubsubstituted olefin products. This cascade reaction operates via an unprotected amine-directed Mizoroki-Heck (MH) pathway featuring a β-hydride elimination to selectively chain walk to furnish a new terminal olefin which then generates the cis-selective alkenyl amines around the sterically crowded allyl moiety. This operationally simple protocol is applicable to a variety of cyclic, branched, and linear secondary and tertiary alkenylamines, and has a broad substrate scope with regard to the arene coupling partner as well. Mechanistic studies have been performed to help elucidate the mechanism, including the presence of a likely unproductive side C-H activation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod G Landge
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, School of Green Chemistry & Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St., Mailstop 602, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States of America
| | - Aaron J Grant
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, School of Green Chemistry & Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St., Mailstop 602, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States of America
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, School of Green Chemistry & Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St., Mailstop 602, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States of America
| | - Allison M Rabon
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, School of Green Chemistry & Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St., Mailstop 602, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States of America
| | - John L Payton
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, School of Green Chemistry & Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St., Mailstop 602, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States of America.,Department of Chemistry, Kenyon College, 106 College Park Dr., Gambier, Ohio 43022, United States of America
| | - Michael C Young
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, School of Green Chemistry & Engineering, The University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft St., Mailstop 602, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States of America
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50
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Xu JC, Yin YZ, Han ZY. Asymmetric Counteranion Directed Catalytic Heck/Tsuji-Trost Annulation of Aryl Iodides and 1,3-Dienes. Org Lett 2021; 23:3834-3838. [PMID: 33961444 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A chiral anion-mediated asymmetric Heck/Tsuji-Trost reaction of aryl iodides and 1,3-dienes is presented. Chiral indoline derivatives could be afforded with remarkably higher yields and enantioselectivities than our previous chiral ligand-based method. Silver carbonate is employed as both base and halide scavenger to ensure fast and recyclable exchange of the catalytic amount of chiral anions. Fast salt metathesis, as well as the acceleration effect of the chiral anion, could both benefit the stereocontrol of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Cheng Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yi-Zhuo Yin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Han
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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