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Ross L, McDonald J, Hansen D, Fairley J, Wicks C, Proudman S, Walker J, Sahhar J, Ngian GS, Host L, Stevens W, Philip J, Nikpour M. Quantifying the Need for Specialist Palliative Care Management in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2024; 76:964-972. [PMID: 38486131 DOI: 10.1002/acr.25325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The importance of early integration of palliative care in the management of complex multisystem diseases has been recognized. In this study, we aimed to quantify the need for specialist palliative care in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS Using data from 875 patients enrolled in the Australian Scleroderma Cohort Study, we defined the need for palliative care as a high symptom burden at two or more consecutive study visits, at ≥50% of overall study visits, or at the study visit immediately before death. Symptoms of interest included breathlessness, fatigue, pain, depression, anxiety, constipation, and diarrhea. Logistic regression analyses evaluated the association between individual symptoms and SSc manifestations. Linear regression analysis evaluated the relationship between palliative care needs and quality of life (QoL) and function. RESULTS Almost three-quarters of patients (72.69%) met the threshold for specialist palliative care needs. Severe fatigue (54.17%) was most common, followed by breathlessness (23.66%) and severe constipation (21.14%). Concurrent severe symptoms were frequently observed. Severe breathlessness (coefficient [coef] -7.95, P < 0.01) and pain (coef -7.70, P < 0.01) were associated with the largest reductions in physical QoL. Severe mood symptoms were associated with the greatest reduction in mental QoL (coef -12.91, P < 0.01). Severe pain (coef 0.56, P < 0.01), breathlessness (coef 0.49, P < 0.01), and mood symptoms (coef 0.40, P < 0.01) had a significant impact on function. CONCLUSION SSc is frequently associated with multiple severe symptoms that may be amenable to palliative care intervention. Given the strong association between symptom burden and impaired QoL targeted, effective symptom management in parallel with standard-of-care treatments may improve overall patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ross
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, and St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julie McDonald
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, and St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dylan Hansen
- St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jessica Fairley
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, and St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carolyn Wicks
- St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Susanna Proudman
- University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jennifer Walker
- Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Joanne Sahhar
- Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gene-Siew Ngian
- Monash Health and Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lauren Host
- Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Wendy Stevens
- St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer Philip
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne Victoria, Australia and University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mandana Nikpour
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, University of Sydney School of Public Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia and Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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2
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Chou CZ, Everett EA, McFarlin J, Ramanathan U. End-of-Life and Hospice Care in Neurologic Diseases. Semin Neurol 2024. [PMID: 38917863 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1787809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The care of a patient with neurologic disease at end-of-life requires expertise in addressing advance care planning, hospice, symptom management, and caregiver support. Neurologists caring for patients with advanced neurologic disease often identify changes in disease trajectory, functional status, or goals of care that prompt discussions of advance care planning and hospice. Patients nearing end-of-life may develop symptoms such as dyspnea, secretions, delirium, pain, and seizures. Neurologists may be the primary clinicians managing these symptoms, particularly in the hospitalized patient, though they may also lend their expertise to non-neurologists about expected disease trajectories and symptoms in advanced neurologic disease. This article aims to help neurologists guide patients and caregivers through the end-of-life process by focusing on general knowledge that can be applied across diseases as well as specific considerations in severe stroke and traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Z Chou
- Division of Community Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Elyse A Everett
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Jessica McFarlin
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Usha Ramanathan
- Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Holland AE, Spathis A, Marsaa K, Bausewein C, Ahmadi Z, Burge AT, Pascoe A, Gadowski AM, Collis P, Jelen T, Reilly CC, Reinke LF, Romero L, Russell AM, Saggu R, Solheim J, Vagheggini G, Vandendungen C, Wijsenbeek M, Tonia T, Smallwood N, Ekström M. European Respiratory Society clinical practice guideline on symptom management for adults with serious respiratory illness. Eur Respir J 2024; 63:2400335. [PMID: 38719772 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00335-2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory symptoms are ubiquitous and impair health-related quality of life in people with respiratory disease. This European Respiratory Society (ERS) task force aimed to provide recommendations for symptomatic treatment in people with serious respiratory illness. The ERS task force comprised 16 members, including representatives of people with serious respiratory illness and informal caregivers. Seven questions were formulated, six in the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) format, which were addressed with full systematic reviews and evidence assessed using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation). One question was addressed narratively. An "evidence-to-decision" framework was used to formulate recommendations. To treat symptoms in people with serious respiratory illness, the task force suggests the use of graded exercise therapy (conditional recommendation, low certainty of evidence); and suggests the use of a multicomponent services, handheld fan and breathing techniques (conditional recommendations, very low certainty of evidence). The task force suggests not to use opioids (conditional recommendation, very low certainty of evidence); and suggests either administering or not administering supplemental oxygen therapy (conditional recommendation, low certainty of evidence). The task force suggests that needs assessment tools may be used as part of a comprehensive needs assessment, but do not replace patient-centred care and shared decision making (conditional recommendation, low certainty of evidence). The low certainty of evidence, modest impact of interventions on patient-centred outcomes, and absence of effective strategies to ameliorate cough highlight the need for new approaches to reduce symptoms and enhance wellbeing for individuals who live with serious respiratory illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E Holland
- Departments of Physiotherapy and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anna Spathis
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kristoffer Marsaa
- Department of Multidisease, North Zealand Hospital, Copenhagen University, Hilleroed, Denmark
| | - Claudia Bausewein
- Department of Palliative Medicine, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Zainab Ahmadi
- Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Angela T Burge
- School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amy Pascoe
- School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adelle M Gadowski
- School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Phil Collis
- CPROR Birmingham University, Birmingham, UK
- Patient Advisory Group, European Lung Foundation, Sheffield, UK
| | - Tessa Jelen
- Patient Advisory Group, European Lung Foundation, Sheffield, UK
| | - Charles C Reilly
- Department of Physiotherapy, King's College Hospital, London, UK
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Lynn F Reinke
- College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lorena Romero
- The Ian Potter Library, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anne-Marie Russell
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Birmingham Regional NHS Interstitial Lung Disease and Occupational Lung Disease Service, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ravijyot Saggu
- Pharmacy Medicines Management Team, Central London Community Healthcare Trust, London, UK
| | - John Solheim
- EU-PFF - European Pulmonary Fibrosis Federation, Overijse, Belgium
- LHL-IPF, Jessheim, Norway
| | - Guido Vagheggini
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Respiratory Failure Pathway, Azienda USL Toscana Nordovest, Pisa, Italy
- Fondazione Volterra Ricerche ONLUS, Volterra, Italy
| | - Chantal Vandendungen
- EU-PFF - European Pulmonary Fibrosis Federation, Overijse, Belgium
- ABFFP - Association Belge Francophone Contre la Fibrose Pulmonaire, Rebecq, Belgium
| | - Marlies Wijsenbeek
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Center of Excellence for Interstitial Lung Disease, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomy Tonia
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Natasha Smallwood
- School of Translational Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Joint last authors
| | - Magnus Ekström
- Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Palliative Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Joint last authors
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Correa-Morales JE, Mantilla-Manosalva N, Rodríguez-Cardona X, Bedoya-Muñoz LJ, Florez-Vargas B, León MX, Giraldo-Moreno S, Gomezese OF, Salamanca-Balen N. Guided Imagery for Symptom Management of Patients with Life-Limiting Illnesses: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Palliat Med 2024; 27:802-812. [PMID: 38350116 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2023.0445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with life-limiting illnesses receiving palliative care have a high symptom burden that can be challenging to manage. Guided imagery (GI), a complementary and integrative therapy in which patients are induced to picture mental images with sensory components, has proven in quasi-experimental studies to be effective as a complementary therapy for symptom management. Objective: To systematically review randomized controlled trials that report evidence of guided imagery for symptom management in patients with life-limiting illnesses. Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline was followed for this review and the search strategy was applied in Medline, CINHAL, and Web of Science. The quality of articles was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk-of-Bias Tool 2 (RoB 2). The results are presented using the Guidance on the Conduct of Narrative Synthesis in Systematic Reviews. Results: A total of 8822 studies were initially identified through the search strategy, but after applying exclusion criteria, 14 randomized controlled trials were included in this review. The quality assessment revealed that four studies had a high risk of bias, nine had some concerns, and one had a low risk of bias. Out of the 14 studies, 6 evaluated oncological diagnosis, while the remaining 8 focused on nononcological diagnoses across 6 different diseases. GI was found to be effective in managing symptoms in 10 out of the 14 studies. Regardless of the disease stage, patients who received guided imagery experienced relief from anxiety, depression, pain, sleep disturbances, and fatigue. Conclusion: GI therapy has shown promising results regarding symptom management in palliative care patients with life-limiting illnesses at different stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Esteban Correa-Morales
- Palliative Care Program, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Nidia Mantilla-Manosalva
- Palliative Care Program, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ximena Rodríguez-Cardona
- Palliative Care Program, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lennis Jazmin Bedoya-Muñoz
- Palliative Care Program, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Bibiana Florez-Vargas
- Palliative Care Program, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
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Nakazawa Y, Miyashita M, Morita T, Okumura Y, Kizawa Y, Kawagoe S, Yamamoto H, Takeuchi E, Yamazaki R, Ogawa A. Dying Patients' Quality of Care for Five Common Causes of Death: A Nationwide Mortality Follow-Back Survey. J Palliat Med 2024. [PMID: 38770675 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2023.0645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The importance of high-quality care for terminal patients is being increasingly recognized; however, quality of care (QOC) and quality of death and dying (QOD) for noncancer patients remain unclear. Objectives: To clarify QOC and QOD according to places and causes of death. Design, Subjects: A nationwide mortality follow-back survey was conducted using death certificate data for cancer, heart disease, stroke syndrome, pneumonia, and kidney failure in Japan. The questionnaire was distributed to 115,816 bereaved family members between February 2019 and February 2020. Measurements included QOC, QOD, and symptoms during the last week of life. Analyses used generalized estimating equations adjusting for age, sex, and region. Results: Valid responses were returned by 62,576 (54.0%). Family-reported QOC and QOD by the place of death were significantly higher at home than in other places across all causes of death (for all combinations with hospital p < 0.01). In stroke syndrome and pneumonia, QOD significantly differed between hospital and home (stroke syndrome: 57.1 vs. 72.4, p < 0.001, effect size 0.77; pneumonia: 57.3 vs. 71.1, p < 0.001, effect size 0.78). No significant differences were observed in QOC and QOD between cancer and noncancer. The prevalence of symptoms was higher for cancer than for other causes of death. Conclusions: QOC and QOD were higher at home than in other places of death across all causes of death. The further expansion of end-of-life care options is crucial for improving QOC and QOD for all terminal patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Nakazawa
- Division of Policy Evaluation, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Miyashita
- Department of Palliative Nursing, Health Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morita
- Department of Palliative and Supportive Care, Palliative Care Team and Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Research Association for Community Health, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Okumura
- Initiative for Clinical Epidemiological Research, Machida, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kizawa
- Department of Palliative and Supportive Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Yamamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Japan
| | - Emi Takeuchi
- Division of Quality Assurance Programs, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Japan
| | - Risa Yamazaki
- Department of Medical Psychology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Asao Ogawa
- Division of Psycho-Oncology, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan
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6
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Kochovska S, Iyer R, Chang S, Ferreira D, Brunelli VN, Kinchin I, Eckert DJ, Clark J, Sandberg J, Ekström M, Currow D, Rajan S. Prevalence, severity and impacts of breathlessness in Indian adults: An exploratory, nationally representative, cross-sectional online survey. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0002655. [PMID: 38696528 PMCID: PMC11065295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
There are no known estimates of the prevalence, severity and impacts from breathlessness in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to explore the prevalence, severity, self-attributed underlying conditions and impacts of breathlessness limiting exertion in community-dwelling adults in India. This exploratory, population-based online survey recruited a pre-planned sample of 3,000 adult respondents stratified by age, sex and rurality (quotas as per the 2011 Indian National Census). Measures included: demographics; breathlessness limiting exertion (modified Medical Research [mMRC] scale); health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L); and disability (World Health Organisation's Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 12-item questionnaire [WHODAS-12]). Respondents (n = 3,046) had a mean age of 38 years (SD 15); 57% were male, 59% lived in rural areas and 33% had completed 12th grade. Breathlessness limiting exertion (mMRC ≥1) was reported by 44%, mostly attributed to poor nutrition (28%), lung conditions excluding tuberculosis (17%) or anaemia (13%). Compared to those without breathlessness, a higher proportion of people with breathlessness (mMRC ≥1) reported problems across all EQ-5D-5L dimensions. Most people reporting breathlessness (81%) indicated the symptom had adversely affected their normal activities. Disability scores (WHODAS-12 total and individual domains) increased as breathlessness worsened. To conclude, in India, conservative estimates indicate 626 million people live with breathlessness of whom 52 million people live with severe breathlessness. The symptom is associated with poorer health-related quality of life and marked disability, including reduced ability to perform daily activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slavica Kochovska
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rajam Iyer
- P.D. Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sungwon Chang
- IMPACCT, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Diana Ferreira
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vanessa N. Brunelli
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Irina Kinchin
- Centre for Health Policy and Management, Discipline of Public Health & Primary Care, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Danny J. Eckert
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Joseph Clark
- Wolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, Hull University, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob Sandberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Ekström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Faculty of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - David Currow
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sujeet Rajan
- Bombay Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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7
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Mallon T, Schulze J, Dams J, Weber J, Asendorf T, Böttcher S, Sekanina U, Schade F, Schneider N, Freitag M, Müller C, König HH, Nauck F, Friede T, Scherer M, Marx G. Evaluating palliative care case conferences in primary care for patients with advanced non-malignant chronic conditions: a cluster-randomised controlled trial (KOPAL). Age Ageing 2024; 53:afae100. [PMID: 38783755 PMCID: PMC11116821 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afae100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and dementia are underrepresented in specialist palliative home care (SPHC). However, the complexity of their conditions requires collaboration between general practitioners (GPs) and SPHC teams and timely integration into SPHC to effectively meet their needs. OBJECTIVE To facilitate joint palliative care planning and the timely transfer of patients with advanced chronic non-malignant conditions to SPHC. METHODS A two-arm, unblinded, cluster-randomised controlled trial. 49 GP practices in northern Germany were randomised using web-based block randomisation. We included patients with advanced CHF, COPD and/or dementia. The KOPAL intervention consisted of a SPHC nurse-patient consultation followed by an interprofessional telephone case conference between SPHC team and GP. The primary outcome was the number of hospital admissions 48 weeks after baseline. Secondary analyses examined the effects on health-related quality of life and self-rated health status, as measured by the EuroQol 5D scale. RESULTS A total of 172 patients were included in the analyses. 80.4% of GP practices had worked with SHPC before, most of them exclusively for cancer patients. At baseline, patients reported a mean EQ-VAS of 48.4, a mean quality of life index (EQ-5D-5L) of 0.63 and an average of 0.80 hospital admissions in the previous year. The intervention did not significantly reduce hospital admissions (incidence rate ratio = 0.79, 95%CI: [0.49, 1.26], P = 0.31) or the number of days spent in hospital (incidence rate ratio = 0.65, 95%CI: [0.28, 1.49], P = 0.29). There was also no significant effect on quality of life (∆ = -0.02, 95%CI: [-0.09, 0.05], P = 0.53) or self-rated health (∆ = -2.48, 95%CI: [-9.95, 4.99], P = 0.51). CONCLUSIONS The study did not show the hypothesised effect on hospitalisations and health-related quality of life. Future research should focus on refining this approach, with particular emphasis on optimising the timing of case conferences and implementing discussed changes to treatment plans, to improve collaboration between GPs and SPHC teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Mallon
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Josefine Schulze
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Judith Dams
- Department of Health Economics and Health Care Research, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Weber
- Institute for General Practice and Palliative Care, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Asendorf
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Humboldtallee 32, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silke Böttcher
- Division of General Practice, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerlaender Heerstraße 114-118, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Uta Sekanina
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Humboldtallee 38, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franziska Schade
- Department of Palliative Medicine, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 3, 37075 Göttingen and Institute for General Practice and Palliative Care, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nils Schneider
- Institute for General Practice and Palliative Care, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Freitag
- Division of General Practice, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerlaender Heerstraße 114-118, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Christiane Müller
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Humboldtallee 38, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- Department of Health Economics and Health Care Research, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friedemann Nauck
- Department of Palliative Medicine, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 3, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Tim Friede
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Humboldtallee 32, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gabriella Marx
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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8
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Hassanein EHM, Althagafy HS, Baraka MA, Abd-Alhameed EK, Ibrahim IM. Pharmacological update of mirtazapine: a narrative literature review. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:2603-2619. [PMID: 37943296 PMCID: PMC11074035 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02818-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Mirtazapine (MTZ) is an antidepressant drug with an exceptional pharmacological profile. It also has an excellent safety and tolerability profile. The present review provides a pharmacological update on MTZ and summarizes the research findings of MTZ's effects on different diseases. MTZ is hypothesized to have antidepressant effects because of the synergy between noradrenergic and serotonergic actions and is effective in treating major depressive disorder and depression associated with epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease. In cancer patients, MTZ significantly reduced sadness, nausea, sleep disruption, and pain and improved quality of life. Also, it has promising effects on Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, dysthymia, social anxiety disorder, alcohol dependency, posttraumatic stress disorder, panic disorder, pain syndromes, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and sleep disorders. Additionally, MTZ is potentially therapeutic in different situations associated with depression, such as liver, kidney, cardiovascular, respiratory, infertility, heavy metal-induced neurotoxicity, and pruritus. Potent antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic bioactivities mediate these promising effects. These positive outcomes of the scientific investigations motivate more and more clinical trials for a golden exceptional antidepressant in different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
| | - Hanan S Althagafy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Baraka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Esraa K Abd-Alhameed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Islam M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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9
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Kwete XJ, Bhadelia A, Arreola-Ornelas H, Mendez O, Rosa WE, Connor S, Downing J, Jamison D, Watkins D, Calderon R, Cleary J, Friedman JR, De Lima L, Ntizimira C, Pastrana T, Pérez-Cruz PE, Spence D, Rajagopal MR, Vargas Enciso V, Krakauer EL, Radbruch L, Knaul FM. Global Assessment of Palliative Care Need: Serious Health-Related Suffering Measurement Methodology. J Pain Symptom Manage 2024:S0885-3924(24)00708-5. [PMID: 38636816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2024.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Inequities and gaps in palliative care access are a serious impediment to health systems especially in low- and middle-income countries and the accurate measurement of need across health conditions is a critical step to understanding and addressing the issue. Serious Health-related Suffering (SHS) is a novel methodology to measure the palliative care need and was originally developed by The Lancet Commission on Global Access to Palliative Care and Pain Relief. In 2015, the first iteration - SHS 1.0 - was estimated at over 61 million people worldwide experiencing at least 6 billion days of SHS annually as a result of life-limiting and life-threatening conditions. OBJECTIVES In this paper, an updated methodology - SHS 2.0 - is presented building on the work of the Lancet Commission and detailing calculations, data requirements, limitations, and assumptions. METHODS AND RESULTS The updates to the original methodology focus on measuring the number of people who die with (decedents) or live with (non-decedents) SHS in a given year to assess the number of people in need of palliative care across health conditions and populations. Detail on the methodology for measuring the number of days of SHS that was pioneered by the Lancet Commission, is also shared, as this second measure is essential for determining the health system responses that are necessary to address palliative care need and must be a priority for future methodological work on SHS. CONCLUSIONS The methodology encompasses opportunities for applying SHS to future policy making assessment of future research priorities particularly in light of the dearth of data from low- and middle-income countries, and sharing of directions for future work to develop SHS 3.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao J Kwete
- University of Miami Institute for Advanced Study of the Americas, University of Miami (X.J.K., A.B., H.A.-O., W.E.R., R.C., V.V.E., F.M.K.), Miami, Florida, USA; Yangzhou Philosophy and Social Science Research and Communication Center (X.J.K.), Yangzhou, China.
| | - Afsan Bhadelia
- University of Miami Institute for Advanced Study of the Americas, University of Miami (X.J.K., A.B., H.A.-O., W.E.R., R.C., V.V.E., F.M.K.), Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Sciences (A.B.), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Héctor Arreola-Ornelas
- University of Miami Institute for Advanced Study of the Americas, University of Miami (X.J.K., A.B., H.A.-O., W.E.R., R.C., V.V.E., F.M.K.), Miami, Florida, USA; Institute for Obesity Research, Tecnologico de Monterrey (H.A.-O.), Monterrey, Mexico; School of Government and Public Transformation, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico; Tómatelo a Pecho, A.C. (H.A-O., O.M., F.M.K.), Mexico City, Mexico; Fundación Mexicana para la Salud (FUNSALUD) (H.A.-O.), Mexico City, México
| | - Oscar Mendez
- Tómatelo a Pecho, A.C. (H.A-O., O.M., F.M.K.), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - William E Rosa
- University of Miami Institute for Advanced Study of the Americas, University of Miami (X.J.K., A.B., H.A.-O., W.E.R., R.C., V.V.E., F.M.K.), Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (W.E.R.), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stephen Connor
- Worldwide Hospice Palliative Care Alliance (S.C.), London, UK
| | - Julia Downing
- International Children's Palliative Care Network (J.D.), Bristol, UK
| | - Dean Jamison
- University of California (D.J.), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - David Watkins
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington (D.W.), Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Renzo Calderon
- University of Miami Institute for Advanced Study of the Americas, University of Miami (X.J.K., A.B., H.A.-O., W.E.R., R.C., V.V.E., F.M.K.), Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Jim Cleary
- Indiana University School of Medicine (J.C.), Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Joseph R Friedman
- Center for Social Medicine and Humanities, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Liliana De Lima
- International Association of Hospice and Palliative Care (L.D.L.), Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Tania Pastrana
- International Association of Hospice and Palliative Care (L.D.L.), Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Palliative Medicine, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Pedro E Pérez-Cruz
- Sección Medicina Paliativa, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Centro para la Prevención y el Control del Cáncer (CECAN), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Valentina Vargas Enciso
- University of Miami Institute for Advanced Study of the Americas, University of Miami (X.J.K., A.B., H.A.-O., W.E.R., R.C., V.V.E., F.M.K.), Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Eric L Krakauer
- Department of Global Health & Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School (E.L.K.), Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lukas Radbruch
- International Association of Hospice and Palliative Care (L.D.L.), Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Palliative Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Felicia Marie Knaul
- University of Miami Institute for Advanced Study of the Americas, University of Miami (X.J.K., A.B., H.A.-O., W.E.R., R.C., V.V.E., F.M.K.), Miami, Florida, USA; Tómatelo a Pecho, A.C. (H.A-O., O.M., F.M.K.), Mexico City, Mexico; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine (F.M.K.), University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA; Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine (F.M.K.), University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
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10
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Jeon MS, Allcroft P, Brown LR, Currow D, Kochovska S, Krishnan A, Webster A, Campbell R. Assessment and Management of Sleep Disturbance in Palliative Care Settings. J Palliat Med 2024. [PMID: 38466992 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2023.0537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Sleep disturbances, including insomnia, sleep-disordered breathing, and circadian rhythm disorders with potential consequences including excessive daytime somnolence and worsening fatigue, are prevalent yet largely under-measured and therefore under-managed problems in people receiving palliative care. This has the potential to negatively affect the person's functioning and quality of life. Objectives: We aimed to review the current practice of assessment and management of sleep disturbances in people with life-limiting illnesses in Australian and New Zealand palliative care settings, and to define areas for improvement in assessment and management of sleep disturbances and further research. Design: A cross-sectional, online survey was conducted with palliative care health professionals (PCHPs) to explore current approaches to routine assessment of sleep disturbances and PCHPs' awareness of, and perceived access to, evidence-based resources for assessing and managing sleep disturbances in their local settings. Results: Fifty-four PCHPs responded to the survey, including allied health professionals (44%), palliative care nurses (26%), and physicians (19%). Over 70% of PCHPs endorsed routine verbal screening of sleep symptoms, and >90% recommended management with basic behavioral strategies. However, none of PCHPs used validated patient-reported outcome measures for sleep, and <10% of PCHPs demonstrated awareness or use of sleep-specific interventions (including medications). Only 40% reported they had access to sleep specialist services for patients. Conclusion: Our findings provide a useful snapshot of current approaches to managing sleep disturbances in palliative care. Gaps in current practice are highlighted, including the lack of structured, clinical assessment, referral pathways, and PCHPs' perceived lack of access to targeted interventions for sleep disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S Jeon
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Allcroft
- Southern Adelaide Palliative Services, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network and Flinders University, South Australia, Australia
| | - Linda Ruth Brown
- The Palliative Care Clinical Studies Collaborative (PaCCSC) and Cancer Symptom Trials (CST), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Currow
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Slavica Kochovska
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- IMPACCT, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anu Krishnan
- Western Australia Country Health Service and Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Webster
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rachel Campbell
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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11
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Sun CX, Ni XY, Gui SJ, Wu F, Pan RJ, Gui M, Lei XH, Wang MY, Li XS, Zeng GQ. Effects of an explain-simulate-practice-communicate-support intervention on quality of life for patients with chronic heart failure: A randomized control trial. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25313. [PMID: 38333861 PMCID: PMC10850896 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) grade III chronic heart failure (CHF) present with low capacity for daily activities, severe self-perceived burden, and poor quality of life. Effective nursing interventions may reduce patients' self-perceived burden and improve their quality of life. Objectives To explore the effects of an explain-simulate-practice-communicate-support intervention on the self-perceived burden, cardiac function, and activities of daily living (ADL) ability in patients with New York Heart Association grade III chronic heart failure. Methods Of the 100 patients with New York Heart Association grade III chronic heart failure who were electronically randomized and equally divided into control and intervention groups, data from 88 patients who completed our study were analyzed. The primary outcome was quality of life; secondary outcomes were self-perceived burden, 6-min walking test distances, serum N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels, New York Heart Association cardiac function classification, and ability to perform activities of daily living. Results After 12 weeks' intervention, the intervention group had significantly lower self-perceived burden, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire scores, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels, and New York Heart Association grades compared with the control group, while 6-min walking test distances, left ventricular ejection fraction, and modified Barthel Index scale scores were significantly higher than those in the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusions The explain-simulate-practice-communicate-support intervention improved patients' quality of life through reducing the level of self-perceived burden, and improving cardiac function and activities of daily living ability. This intervention was found to be effective for patients with New York Heart Association grade III chronic heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Xia Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Joint Training Base for Nursing Postgraduates By University of South China and TD Care, Intelligent Nursing Research Center of Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Ni
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Si-Jie Gui
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Fei Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Joint Training Base for Nursing Postgraduates By University of South China and TD Care, Intelligent Nursing Research Center of Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Rong-Jia Pan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Min Gui
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xiu-Hong Lei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Man-Yi Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xiao-Shan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Gu-Qing Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
- Joint Training Base for Nursing Postgraduates By University of South China and TD Care, Intelligent Nursing Research Center of Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
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12
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Rojas-Concha L, Hansen MB, Groenvold M. Symptoms and problems reported by patients with non-cancer diseases through open-ended questions in specialist palliative care: a national register-based study. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:141. [PMID: 38305835 PMCID: PMC10837258 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08345-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Since 2010, a comprehensive symptom/problem (S/P) assessment has been carried out in Danish specialist palliative care using the EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL questionnaire and the open-ended "Write In three Symptoms/Problems" (WISP) instrument. On WISP patients can report up to three S/Ps not included in the EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL. However, little is known about which S/Ps patients with non-cancer diseases report using WISP. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence and severity of S/Ps reported on WISP by non-cancer patients in specialist palliative care and compared these S/Ps with those previously reported by cancer patients. METHODS This register-based study collected data from the Danish Palliative Care Database. We included adult patients with non-cancer diseases answering the EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL at admittance to specialist palliative care between 2016 and 2021. WISP responses were qualitatively categorized, and their prevalence and severity calculated. RESULTS Of the 2323 patients with non-cancer diseases answering the EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL, 812 (34.9%) reported at least one S/P using WISP. A total of 1340 S/Ps were reported on WISP, of which 56.7% were not included in the EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL (i.e., were new). Edema, existential problems, dizziness, cough, and dysphagia were the most prevalent new S/Ps. Overall, 88.7% of the S/Ps were scored as moderate-severe. The prevalence of S/Ps reported on WISP did not significantly differ between cancer and non-cancer patients, except for existential problems, dysphagia, myoclonus, speaking problems, sweats, and vomiting. CONCLUSION The similarities and differences in the prevalence of the most common S/Ps reported on WISP confirm that WISP improves symptom assessment regardless of patient diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslye Rojas-Concha
- Palliative Care Research Unit, Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine GP, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK-2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark.
| | - Maiken Bang Hansen
- Palliative Care Research Unit, Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine GP, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK-2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
| | - Mogens Groenvold
- Palliative Care Research Unit, Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine GP, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK-2400, Copenhagen, NV, Denmark
- Section for Health Services Research, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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13
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Tafazoli A, Cronin-Wood K. Pediatric Oncology Hospice: A Comprehensive Review. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2024:10499091241227609. [PMID: 38225192 DOI: 10.1177/10499091241227609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pediatric hospice is a new terminology in current medical literature. Implementation of pediatric hospice care in oncology setting is a vast but subspecialized field of research and practice. However, it is accompanied by substantial uncertainties, shortages and unexplored sections. The lack of globally established definitions, principles, and guidelines in this field has adversely impacted the quality of end-of-life experiences for children with hospice needs worldwide. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive review of scientific literature, extracting and compiling the available but sparse data on pediatric oncology hospice from the PubMed database. Our systematic approach led to development of a well-organized structure introducing the foundational elements, highlighting complications, and uncovering hidden gaps in this critical area. This structured framework comprises nine major categories including general ideology, population specifications, role of parents and family, psychosocial issues, financial complications, service locations, involved specialties, regulations, and quality improvement. This platform can serve as a valuable resource in establishing a scientifically reliable foundation for future experiments and practices in pediatric oncology hospice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Tafazoli
- Healthcare administration program, St Lawrence College, Kingston Campus, ON, Canada
- Hospice Kingston, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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14
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Ekström M, Li PZ, Lewthwaite H, Bourbeau J, Tan WC, Schiöler L, Brotto A, Stickland MK, Jensen D. Normative Reference Equations for Breathlessness Intensity during Incremental Cardiopulmonary Cycle Exercise Testing. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2024; 21:56-67. [PMID: 37708387 PMCID: PMC10867914 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202305-394oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is the gold standard to evaluate exertional breathlessness, a common and disabling symptom. However, the interpretation of breathlessness responses to CPET is limited by a scarcity of normative data. Objectives: We aimed to develop normative reference equations for breathlessness intensity (Borg 0-10 category ratio) response in men and women aged ⩾40 years during CPET, in relation to power output (watts), oxygen uptake, and minute ventilation. Methods: Analysis of ostensibly healthy people aged ⩾40 years undergoing symptom-limited incremental cycle CPET (10 W/min) in the CanCOLD (Canadian Cohort Obstructive Lung Disease) study. Participants had smoking histories <5 pack-years and normal lung function and exercise capacity. The probability of each Borg 0-10 category ratio breathlessness intensity rating by power output, oxygen uptake, and minute ventilation (as an absolute or a relative value [percentage of predicted maximum]) was predicted using ordinal multinomial logistic regression. Model performance was evaluated by fit, calibration, and discrimination (C statistic) and externally validated in an independent sample (n = 86) of healthy Canadian adults. Results: We included 156 participants (43% women) from CanCOLD; the mean age was 65 (range, 42-91) years, and the mean body mass index was 26.3 (standard deviation, 3.8) kg/m2. Reference equations were developed for women and men separately, accounting for age and/or body mass. Model performance was high across all equations, including in the validation sample (C statistic for men = 0.81-0.92, C statistic for women = 0.81-0.96). Conclusions: Normative reference equations are provided to compare exertional breathlessness intensity ratings among individuals or groups and to identify and quantify abnormal breathlessness responses (scores greater than the upper limit of normal) during CPET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Ekström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine, Allergology, and Palliative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Hayley Lewthwaite
- Centre of Research Excellence in Treatable Traits, College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, New Lambton, New South Wales, Australia
- UniSA: Allied Health and Human Performance, Innovation, Implementation and Clinical Translation in Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jean Bourbeau
- Montreal Chest Institute and
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program and Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Center Research Institute, and
| | - Wan C. Tan
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Linus Schiöler
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; and
| | - Andrew Brotto
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael K. Stickland
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dennis Jensen
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program and Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, McGill University Health Center Research Institute, and
- Clinical Exercise and Respiratory Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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15
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Swerts D, Araújo A, Vulcano P, Prado B, Miyake C, Docema R, Hwang H, Peres M. Neuropalliative care in a tertiary-level hospital. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2023:spcare-2023-004499. [PMID: 38123312 DOI: 10.1136/spcare-2023-004499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Palliative care in neurology is a recent specialty to improve the quality of life of patients with severe neurological diseases. This study aims to determine the frequency of neurological inpatients who had indication of palliative care, and evaluate the symptomatology, demographic profile, the need for supportive measures, advance directives for life and medical history of patients in a tertiary hospital in Brazil. METHODS This cross-sectional analytical study evaluated all patients admitted to the neurological semi-intensive care unit (ICU) at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein with neurological conditions from February through August 2022. The Palliative Performance Scale (weight loss greater than 5% associated with body changes and a negative response to the question: 'Would you be surprised if the patient died within 1 year?') was used to indicate palliative care. Patients were divided into three groups: patients with palliative care needs (groupindication), patients without palliative care needs (groupwithout indication) and patients who received at least one assessment of a palliative care team (grouppalliative). Demographic data were analysed using the Χ2 test for qualitative and Kruskal-Wallis test for quantitative variables. RESULTS Of the 198 patients included in the study, 115 (58%) had palliative care needs. Only 6.9% received assessment by the palliative care team, and 9.56% had advance directives in their medical records. Patients in groupindication had a higher prevalence of symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, shortness of breath and lack of appetite, and required more supportive measures, such as oxygen therapy, enteral/parenteral nutrition, admissions at ICU and days in hospital. CONCLUSION Despite the high demand for palliative care in neurology, few patients receive this treatment, resulting in decreased quality of care. Therefore, greater integration and discussion of palliative care in neurology are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Swerts
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Araújo
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Polyana Vulcano
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bernard Prado
- Palliative, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Miyake
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Docema
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hye Hwang
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario Peres
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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16
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van der Stap L, de Heij AH, van der Heide A, Reyners AK, van der Linden YM. Clinical decision support system to optimise symptom management in palliative medicine: focus group study. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2023; 13:e397-e407. [PMID: 34272271 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2021-002940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Suboptimal symptom control in patients with life-limiting illnesses is a major issue. A clinical decision support system (CDSS) that combines a patient-reported symptom assessment scale (SAS) and guideline-based individualised recommendations has the potential to improve symptom management. However, lacking end-user acceptance often prevents CDSS use in daily practice.We aimed to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of a palliative care CDSS according to its targeted end-users. METHODS Six focus groups with different groups of stakeholders were conducted: (1) patient representatives; (2) community nurses; (3) hospital nurses; (4) general practitioners; (5) hospital physicians and (6) palliative care specialists. Audiotapes were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. RESULTS Fifty-one stakeholders (6-12 per focus group) participated. Six themes were discussed: effect, validity, continuity, practical usability, implementation and additional features. All participants expected a CDSS to improve symptom management, for example, by reminding clinicians of blind spots and prompting patient participation. They feared interference with professional autonomy of physicians, doubted the validity of using a patient-reported SAS as CDSS input and thought lacking care continuity would complicate CDSS use. Clinicians needed clear criteria for when to use the CDSS (eg, life-limiting illness, timing in illness trajectory). Participants preferred a patient-coordinated system but were simultaneously concerned patients may be unwilling or unable to fill out an SAS. CONCLUSIONS A palliative care CDSS was considered useful for improving symptom management. To develop a feasible system, barriers for successful implementation must be addressed including concerns about using a patient-reported SAS, lacking care continuity and unclear indications for use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte van der Stap
- Center of Expertise in Palliative Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Albert H de Heij
- Center of Expertise for Palliative Care, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Agnes van der Heide
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Kl Reyners
- Center of Expertise for Palliative Care/Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette M van der Linden
- Center of Expertise in Palliative Care/Department of Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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17
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de Oliveira R, Lobato CB, Maia-Moço L, Santos M, Neves S, Matos MF, Cardoso R, Cruz C, Silva CA, Dias J, Maçães A, Almeida S, Gonçalves AP, Gomes B, Freire E. Palliative medicine in the emergency department: symptom control and aggressive care. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2023; 13:e476-e483. [PMID: 34470770 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2021-003332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Identifying the prevalence of palliative care (PC) needs among patients who die at the emergency department (ED) and to assess symptom control and aggressiveness of care. METHODS We conducted a decedent cohort study of adults deceased at the ED of a Portuguese teaching hospital in 2016. PC needs were identified using the National Hospice Organization terminality criteria and comorbidities measurement by the Charlson's Index. RESULTS 384 adults died at the ED (median age 82 (IQR 72-89) years) and 78.4% (95% CI 73.9% to 82.2%) presented PC needs. Only 3.0% (n=9) were referred to the hospital PC team. 64.5%, 38.9% and 57.5% experienced dyspnoea, pain and confusion, respectively. Dyspnoea was commonly medicated (92%), against 56% for pain and 8% for confusion. Only 6.3% of the patients were spared from aggressive interventions, namely blood collection (86.0%) or intravenous fluid therapy (63.5%). The burden of aggressive interventions was similar between those with or without withhold cardiopulmonary resuscitation order (median 3 (2-4) vs 3 (2-5)), p=0.082. CONCLUSIONS Nearly four out of five adults who died at the ED had PC needs at the time of admission. Most experienced poor symptom control and care aggressiveness in their last hours of life and were mostly unknown to the PC team. The findings urge improvements in the care provided to patients with PC needs at the ED, focusing on patient well-being and increased PC referral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel de Oliveira
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia Espinho EPE, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Carolina B Lobato
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB) & Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto EPE, Porto, Portugal
| | - Leonardo Maia-Moço
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Santos
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Neves
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Rosa Cardoso
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Cruz
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cátia Araújo Silva
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Dias
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - André Maçães
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Soraia Almeida
- Emergency Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto EPE, Porto, Portugal
- Infectious Diseases Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto EPE, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Barbara Gomes
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation, Policy and Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Elga Freire
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Palliative Care Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto EPE, Porto, Portugal
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Ballarín Castany A, Serrà Rigol T, Cereceda Ferrés M, Serrarols Soldevila M, Oller Piqué R, Gómez-Batiste X. [Prevalence and clinical characteristics of pain in patients with advanced chronic disease]. Aten Primaria 2023; 55:102741. [PMID: 37703806 PMCID: PMC10505975 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2023.102741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Determine pain prevalence and clinical characteristics in patients with advanced chronic disease and identify breakthrough pain frequency. DESIGN Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. LOCATION Three primary care teams and one intermediate care hospital. PARTICIPANTS All patients with advanced chronic disease. MAIN MEASUREMENTS A semi-structured interview was performed to collect demographic, clinical, and specific variables of pain using validated scales. Patient location (home, nursing home or hospital) and advanced chronicity trajectory (organ failure, oncological disease, dementia, or multimorbidity) were recorded. Pain was assessed based on the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and, in cases of disabling dementia, using the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD). A statistical descriptive, comparative analysis between variables was performed using the R software. RESULTS Of all patients selected, 223 (60.4%) were included. Prevalence of pain: 83.9% (n=187), with no differences based on location or trajectory. Significant differences in pain intensity based on location (P=.0046) (moderate-severe in patients at home, moderate in hospital patients, and mild in nursing home patients) and on trajectory (P<.0001) (moderate-severe in patients with organ failure and multimorbidity, moderate in patients with cancer, and mild in patients with dementia). Global functional impact of pain was mild-moderate, emotional impact was severe in 41.5% of patients (n=51), and breakthrough pain was observed in 8.6% (n=13). CONCLUSIONS Pain must always be explored and assessed in patients with advanced chronicity, since it was highly prevalent in all locations and trajectories, being particularly intense in patients at home with organ failure and multimorbidity. Breakthrough pain was found in non-oncological trajectories.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ramon Oller Piqué
- Departamento de Economia y Empresa, Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, Vic, España
| | - Xavier Gómez-Batiste
- Cátedra de Cuidados Paliativos, Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya, Vic, España
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Ho P, Tan L, Tay EYW, Lin HH, Lim LY, Chua MJ, Low JA. A Phenomenological Investigation Into the Meaning of Food in Palliative Care Patients With Anorexia. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2023; 40:1190-1195. [PMID: 36546313 DOI: 10.1177/10499091221148141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Little has been published on the meaning of food to palliative care patients with anorexia. Our study aims to investigate the meaning of food in palliative patients with anorexia. Fifteen patients with anorexia were recruited from the Palliative Care Unit of an acute hospital in Singapore from August 2018 to August 2021. A phenomenological methodology was employed to study the lived experience of anorexia and the meaning of food to palliative care patients. Our study findings revealed that food has social, physical, and emotional meaning in palliative care patients with anorexia. The social meaning of food was the predominant theme. Food was viewed as an important tool to bond and connect with their loved ones. It was perceived to be more important than the food itself and the taste of food was enhanced through social interactions. Food intake was related to physical strength and health status. Patients regarded eating as a way to improve their health status. Emotionally, eating was associated with positive feelings like enjoyment and freedom. Half of our participants felt that anorexia contributed to their low mood. Therefore, unlike the traditional focus of modifying the taste and quality of food in patients with anorexia, the authors recommended a focused assessment and management of the social aspect of anorexia on individual. This is important to mitigate the negative impact of anorexia, thus improving the quality of life and increasing their dignity towards the end of their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyan Ho
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Palliative Care, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Laurence Tan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Palliative Care, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | | | | | - Lee Yen Lim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Supportive Care and Palliative Medicine, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Min Jia Chua
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Palliative Care, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - James Alvin Low
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Palliative Care, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
- Department of Education Research, Geriatric and Education Research Institute, Singapore
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20
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Fox S, Drennan J, Guerin S, Kernohan WG, Murphy A, O'Connor N, Rukundo A, Timmons S. A comparison of four dementia palliative care services using the RE-AIM framework. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:677. [PMID: 37858076 PMCID: PMC10585827 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04343-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Living with a life-limiting illness, people with dementia benefit from palliative care which considers the holistic needs of the person and their family. However, little is known about how palliative care may be best provided to people living with dementia at home in the community. We examined four exemplary dementia palliative care services for people with dementia in the community, to see what activities they were providing, what were the commonalities and differences, and what lessons could be learned. METHODS A long-list of dementia palliative care services in Ireland, Northern Ireland, England, Scotland, and Wales, was identified through a survey, and four exemplar services were chosen based on criteria including: in operation >six months; provides identifiable activities; availability of routinely collected service data; not exclusively for people with dementia in final hours or days of life. Mixed-methods of data collection included interviews, focus-groups and surveys with service staff, surveys of service users, and routinely collected service data. The RE-AIM framework was used to describe and understand the sample of dementia palliative care services. RESULTS The four services had varied organisational structures and were led by different disciplines. However, they all provided common core activities including holistic and person-centred care, early advance care planning with service user involvement, carer support, integrated healthcare services, continuity of care, 24/7 support, bereavement support. All had needs-based referral criteria, accepting any age or dementia sub-type. All supported people with dementia to remain living at home and to have a comfortable, dignified death in their preferred place. CONCLUSIONS An effective dementia palliative care service may take different forms. Whether the service is dementia-led or Specialist Palliative Care-led, efficacy is associated with providing a range of key activities and implementing them effectively. The data collected strongly suggests the benefits of the dementia palliative care services to a person with dementia and their families and offers valuable insight into the key factors for the establishment and successful running of such services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan Fox
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Jonathan Drennan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Guerin
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - W George Kernohan
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, County Antrim, Ulster University, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland
| | - Aileen Murphy
- Department of Economics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Niamh O'Connor
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aphie Rukundo
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Suzanne Timmons
- Centre for Gerontology and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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21
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Mercadante S, Al-Husinat L. Palliative Care in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. J Pain Symptom Manage 2023; 66:e485-e499. [PMID: 37380145 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease of the motor neurons. Given the evolutive characteristics of this disease, palliative care principles should be a foundation of ALS care. A multidisciplinary medical intervention is of paramount importance in the different phases of disease. The involvement of the palliative care team improves quality of life and symptoms, and prognosis. Early initiation is of paramount importance to ensuring patient-centered care, when the patient has still the capability to communicate effectively and participate in his medical care. Advance care planning supports patients and family members in understanding and sharing their preferences according to their personal values and life goals regarding future medical treatment. The principal problems which require intensive supportive care include cognitive disturbances, psychological distress, pain, sialorrhrea, nutrition, and ventilatory support. Communication skills of health-care professionals are mandatory to manage the inevitability of death. Palliative sedation has peculiar aspects in this population, particularly with the decision of withdrawing ventilatory support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Mercadante
- Main Regional Center of Pain Relief and Supportive/Palliative Care (S.M.), La Maddalena Cancer Center, Palermo, Italy; Regional Home Care Program, SAMOT (S.M.), Palermo, Italy.
| | - Lou'i Al-Husinat
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences (L.A.H.), Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
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22
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Runacres F, Mathers S, Lee SC, Hearn R, Gregory S, Bear N, Aoun S. Motor neurone disease: A point-prevalence study of patient reported symptom prevalence, severity and palliative care needs. Palliat Med 2023; 37:1402-1412. [PMID: 37553906 DOI: 10.1177/02692163231191545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor neurone disease is a rare but debilitating illness with incomplete evidence regarding patients' symptom burden. Palliative care and generalist clinicians are often in-experienced in caring for these patients and assessing their needs. AIM To identify the symptom prevalence and severity experienced by patients with motor neurone disease. Secondary objectives were to examine differences in symptom burden and clusters according to phenotype, functional status, palliative care provision and those in their last months of life. DESIGN A point prevalence study assessing patient-reported symptoms using a modified IPOS-Neuro assessment tool, incorporating 41 symptom items. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS Patients with motor neurone disease attending the State-wide Progressive Neurological Disease Service or inpatient unit at Calvary Health Care Bethlehem, Melbourne Australia, from March to December 2021. RESULTS A total of 102 patients participated, the majority diagnosed with lumber-onset (30.4%), bulbar-onset (28.4%) and cervical-onset (25.5%) phenotypes. Patients experienced a median of 17 symptoms (range 2-32) with a median of 3 symptoms rated as severe/overwhelming (range 0-13). Motor and functional symptoms predominated, with differences in symptom clusters present according to phenotype. Patients had a higher number of severe/overwhelming symptoms if they were accessing palliative care services (p = 0.005), in their last 6 months of life (p = 0.003) and experiencing moderate or severe functional impairment (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Patients with motor neurone disease report high symptom burden. A validated motor neurone disease-specific symptom assessment tool is needed to accurately assess patients, including important variations in symptom clusters according to phenotype. Further research must focus on evidence-based treatment guidelines for symptoms experienced commonly and severely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Runacres
- Calvary Health Care Bethlehem, Caulfield South, VIC, Australia
- Monash Health, Supportive & Palliative Care Department, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Monash University, School of Clinical Sciences, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- The University of Notre Dame, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Susan Mathers
- Calvary Health Care Bethlehem, Caulfield South, VIC, Australia
- Monash Health, Department of Neurology, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah Cm Lee
- Calvary Health Care Bethlehem, Caulfield South, VIC, Australia
- Monash University, School of Clinical Sciences, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Rowan Hearn
- Calvary Health Care Bethlehem, Caulfield South, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Natasha Bear
- Bear Statistics, Perth, WA, Australia
- The University of Notre Dame, Institute for Health Research, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Samar Aoun
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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23
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Atreya S, Datta SS, Salins N. Using Social Constructivist Learning Theory to Unpack General Practitioners' Learning Preferences of End-of-Life Care: A Systematically Constructed Narrative Review. Indian J Palliat Care 2023; 29:368-374. [PMID: 38058487 PMCID: PMC10696355 DOI: 10.25259/ijpc_50_2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
General practitioners play a vital role in providing community-based palliative care to patients reaching end of life. In order for GPs to upgrade their skills at end-of-life care delivery, it is imperative that training programs be aligned to their learning needs and preferences. A narrative review was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane from 01/01/1990 to 31/05/2021. 23 articles (of 10037 searched) were included for the review. Following themes were generated: Value attributed to end-of-life care learning, experience and reflection as a departure point for learning, learning as embedded in the clinical context; autonomy to decide upon their learning needs and learning preferences, learning as a transformative process; and learning as embedded in social interaction and interpretation. Training programs that are aligned to the preferences of GPs will encourage a larger clientele of GPs to access them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrikant Atreya
- Department of Palliative Care and Psychooncology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumitra Shankar Datta
- Department of Palliative Care and Psychooncology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Naveen Salins
- Department of Palliative Medicine and Supportive Care, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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24
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Drury A, Goss J, Afolabi J, McHugh G, O’Leary N, Brady AM. A Mixed Methods Evaluation of a Pilot Multidisciplinary Breathlessness Support Service. EVALUATION REVIEW 2023; 47:820-870. [PMID: 37014066 PMCID: PMC10492442 DOI: 10.1177/0193841x231162402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Breathlessness support services have demonstrated benefits for breathlessness mastery, quality of life and psychosocial outcomes for people living with breathlessness. However, these services have predominantly been implemented in hospital and home care contexts. This study aims to evaluate the adaptation and implementation of a hospice-based outpatient Multidisciplinary Breathlessness Support Service (MBSS) in Ireland. A sequential explanatory mixed methods design guided this study. People with chronic breathlessness participated in longitudinal questionnaires (n = 10), medical record audit (n = 14) and a post-discharge interview (n = 8). Caregivers (n = 1) and healthcare professionals involved in referral to (n = 2) and delivery of (n = 3) the MBSS participated in a cross-sectional interview. Quantitative and qualitative data were integrated deductively via the pillar integration process, guided by the RE-AIM framework. Integration of mixed methods data enhanced understanding of factors influencing the reach, adoption, implementation and maintenance of the MBSS, and the potential outcomes that were most meaningful for service users. Potential threats to the sustainability of the MBSS related to potential preconceptions of hospice care, the lack of standardized discharge pathways from the service and access to primary care services to sustain pharmacological interventions. This study suggests that an adapted multidisciplinary breathlessness support intervention is feasible and acceptable in a hospice context. However, to ensure optimal reach and maintenance of the intervention, activities are required to ensure that misconceptions about the setting do not influence willingness to accept referral to MBSS services and integration of services is needed to enable consistency in referral and discharge processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Drury
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Julie Goss
- Our Lady’s Hospice and Care Services, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jide Afolabi
- Our Lady’s Hospice and Care Services, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Norma O’Leary
- Our Lady’s Hospice and Care Services, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anne-Marie Brady
- Trinity Centre Practice & Healthcare Innovation, School of Nursing & Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Kredentser MS, Mackenzie CS, McClement SE, Enns MW, Hiebert-Murphy D, Murphy DJ, Chochinov HM. Neuroticism as a moderator of symptom-related distress and depression in 4 noncancer end-of-life populations. Palliat Support Care 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37734916 DOI: 10.1017/s147895152300127x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neuroticism is a significant predictor of adverse psychological outcomes in patients with cancer. Less is known about how this relationship manifests in those with noncancer illness at the end-of-life (EOL). The objective of this study was to examine the impact of neuroticism as a moderator of physical symptoms and development of depression in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and frailty in the last 6 months of life. METHODS We met this objective using secondary data collected in the Dignity and Distress across End-of-Life Populations study. The data included N = 404 patients with ALS (N = 101), COPD (N = 100), ESRD (N = 101), and frailty (N = 102) in the estimated last 6 months of life, with a range of illness-related symptoms, assessed longitudinally at 2 time points. We examined neuroticism as a moderator of illness-related symptoms at Time 1 (∼6 months before death) and depression at Time 2 (∼3 months before death) using ordinary least squares regression. RESULTS Results revealed that neuroticism significantly moderated the relationship between the following symptoms and depression measured 3 months later: drowsiness, fatigue, shortness of breath, wellbeing (ALS); drowsiness, trouble sleeping, will to live, activity (COPD); constipation (ESRD); and weakness and will to live (frailty). SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS These findings suggest that neuroticism represents a vulnerability factor that either attenuates or amplifies the relationship of specific illness and depressive symptoms in these noncancer illness groups at the EOL. Identifying those high in neuroticism may provide insight into patient populations that require special care at the EOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia S Kredentser
- Department of Clinical Health Psychology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Corey S Mackenzie
- Department of Psychology, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Susan E McClement
- Research, College of Nursing, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Murray W Enns
- Department of Psychiatry, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Diane Hiebert-Murphy
- Faculty of Social Work and the Psychological Service Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Dallas J Murphy
- Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Harvey M Chochinov
- Department of Psychiatry, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Grądalski T, Kochan K. Quality of referrals to specialist palliative care and remote patient triage - a cross-sectional study. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:551. [PMID: 37658942 PMCID: PMC10474992 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Choosing the optimal moment for admission to palliative care remains a serious challenge, as it requires a systematic identification of persons with supportive care needs. Despite the screening tools available for referring physicians, revealing the essential information for preliminary admission triage is crucial for an undisturbed qualification process. The study was aimed at analysing the eligibility criteria for specialist palliative care disclosed within provided referrals, expanded when necessary by documentation and/or interview. METHODS Referral forms with the documentation of 300 patients consecutively referred to the non-profit in-patient ward and home-care team in Poland were analysed in light of prognosis, phase of the disease and supportive needs. RESULTS Half of the referrals had the sufficient information to make a justified preliminary qualification based solely on the delivered documentation. The majority lacked performance status or expected prognosis. Where some information was revealed, two-thirds were in a progressing phase of the disease, with a within-weeks life prognosis. In 53.7%, no particular reason for admission was given. Social problems were signalled as the only reason for the admission in 7.7%. Twenty-eight percent were labelled as "urgent"; however, 52.4% of them were triaged as "stable" or disqualified. Patients referred to a hospice ward received complete referral forms more often, containing all necessary information. CONCLUSIONS General physicians need practical tips to facilitate timely referrals and unburden the overloaded specialist palliative care. Dedicated referral forms extended by a checklist of typical patients' concerns should be disseminated for better use of these resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Grądalski
- Chair of Palliative Medicine, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Kraków, Poland.
- St. Lazarus Hospice, Fatimska 17, 31-831, Kraków, Poland.
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Ekström M, Li PZ, Lewthwaite H, Bourbeau J, Tan WC, Jensen D. The modified Borg/6-min walk distance ratio: a method to assess exertional breathlessness and leg discomfort using the 6-min walk test. ERJ Open Res 2023; 9:00281-2023. [PMID: 37753276 PMCID: PMC10518869 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00281-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The 6-min walk test (6MWT) is widely used to assess exercise capacity across chronic health conditions, but is currently not useful to assess symptoms, as the scores do not account for the 6-min walk distance (6MWD). We aimed to 1) develop normative reference equations for breathlessness and leg discomfort intensity expressed as modified Borg (mBorg)/6MWD ratios; and 2) validate the equations in people with COPD. Methods Analysis of people aged ≥40 years who performed two 6MWTs (on a 20-m course) in the Canadian Cohort Obstructive Lung Disease (CanCOLD) study: a healthy cohort (n=291; mean±sd age 67.5±9.4 years; 54% male) with normal 6MWD and lung function, and a COPD cohort (n=156; age 66.2±9.0 years; 56% male; forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity 56.6±8.2%; FEV1 74.4±18.6% pred). The mBorg score was calculated as the Borg 0-10 category ratio intensity rating of breathlessness or leg discomfort recorded at the end of the 6MWT +1 (range 1-11), to avoid zeros and yield ratios proportional to the symptom score and 6MWD-1. Results Using data from the healthy cohort, sex-specific normative reference equations for breathlessness and leg discomfort mBorg/6MWD ratios were developed using multivariable linear regression, accounting for age, and body mass or body mass index. In the COPD cohort, abnormal breathlessness and leg discomfort (mBorg/6MWD>upper limit of normal) showed strong concurrent validity with worse airflow limitation, Medical Research Council breathlessness and COPD Assessment Test scores. Conclusion Normative references for the mBorg/6MWD ratio are presented to assess breathlessness and leg discomfort responses to the 6MWT in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Ekström
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Palliative Medicine, Lund, Sweden
| | - Pei Zhi Li
- Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University Health Center Research Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hayley Lewthwaite
- Centre of Research Excellence Treatable Traits, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Asthma and Breathing Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
- UniSA: Allied Health and Human Performance, Innovation, Implementation and Clinical Translation in Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jean Bourbeau
- Montreal Chest Institute, McGill University Health Center Research Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program and Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Wan C. Tan
- University of British Columbia Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Department of Medicine, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dennis Jensen
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program and Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Clinical Exercise and Respiratory Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Zhao M, Chen Z, Xu T, Fan P, Tian F. Global prevalence of polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medication in older patients with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1221069. [PMID: 37693899 PMCID: PMC10483131 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1221069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Older patients with dementia always need multiple drugs due to comorbidities and cognitive impairment, further complicating drug treatment and increasing the risk of potentially inappropriate medication. The objective of our study is to estimate the global prevalence of polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) and explore the factors of PIM for older patients with dementia. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase (Ovid), and Web of Science databases to identify eligible studies from inception to 16 June 2023. We conducted a meta-analysis for observational studies reporting the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication and polypharmacy in older patients with dementia using a random-effect model. The factors associated with PIM were meta-analyzed. Results: Overall, 62 eligible studies were included, of which 53 studies reported the prevalence of PIM and 28 studies reported the prevalence of polypharmacy. The pooled estimate of PIM and polypharmacy was 43% (95% CI 38-48) and 62% (95% CI 52-71), respectively. Sixteen studies referred to factors associated with PIM use, and 15 factors were further pooled. Polypharmacy (2.83, 95% CI 1.80-4.44), diabetes (1.31, 95% CI 1.04-1.65), heart failure (1.17, 95% CI 1.00-1.37), depression (1.45, 95% CI 1.14-1.88), history of cancer (1.20, 95% CI 1.09-1.32), hypertension (1.46, 95% CI 1.05-2.03), ischemic heart disease (1.55, 95% CI 0.77-3.12), any cardiovascular disease (1.11, 95% CI 1.06-1.17), vascular dementia (1.09, 95% CI 1.03-1.16), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1.39, 95% CI 1.13-1.72), and psychosis (1.91, 95% CI 1.04-3.53) are positively associated with PIM use. Conclusion: PIM and polypharmacy were highly prevalent in older patients with dementia. Among different regions, the pooled estimate of PIM use and polypharmacy varied widely. Increasing PIM in older patients with dementia was closely associated with polypharmacy. For other comorbidities such as heart failure and diabetes, prescribing should be cautioned.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ping Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fangyuan Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Gattinger H, Ott S, Maurer C, Marty-Teuber B, Hantikainen V, Fringer A. Effect of an educational intervention on nurses' competence in activities of daily living support in end-of-life care using a pretest-posttest repeated measures design. BMC Palliat Care 2023; 22:119. [PMID: 37605181 PMCID: PMC10464419 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-023-01232-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most patients in specialized palliative care units need nursing support to perform activities of daily living (ADL), such as using a toilet or transferring out of a bed or chair. To deliver high-quality ADL support that facilitates patients' movement and protects nurses' musculoskeletal health, nurses need appropriate knowledge and skills. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of education based on the "Advanced Kinaesthetics in Palliative care (AdKinPal) program" on the competence in Kinaesthetics, self-efficacy regarding ADL support in end-of-life care and musculoskeletal complaints of nurses from specialist palliative care units. METHODS A pretest-posttest repeated measures design was applied. The study took place in three specialised units for palliative care in Switzerland between June 2018 and April 2020. All the nurses who worked in participating wards (n = 62) and fulfilled the inclusion criteria were asked to participate. The intervention - the AdKinPal program - is an education-based training program conducted for six months. We took measurements using self-administered questionnaires at three points before and after the intervention. Using descriptive statistics, repeated measurement analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent-samples t-tests, we analysed the participants' demographic characteristics as well as developments over time and relationships between the three outcome variables: Kinaesthetics competence, self-efficacy regarding ADL support in end-of-life care and musculoskeletal complaints. RESULTS Fifty-nine nurses and one physiotherapist participated, and 38 participants (63%) responded to all three questionnaires. The AdKinPal training improved the nurses' perceived Kinaesthetics competence and self-efficacy regarding ADL support in end-of-life care. Participants who reported lower back, neck or shoulder pain had a significantly lower Kinaesthetics competence. CONCLUSIONS The AdKinPal program can raise nurses' Kinaesthetics competence. Thereby, patients' autonomy and quality of life could be supported, and symptom management could be enhanced in a holistic manner. Furthermore, the AdKinPal program fosters nurses' self-efficacy in ADL support in end-of-life care. A strong sense of self-efficacy enhances professional well-being in many ways. Additionally, the nursing staff's musculoskeletal health can be promoted by enhancing their Kinaesthetics competence. TRIAL REGISTRATION DRKS00015908. Registration Date 23.11.2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidrun Gattinger
- Institut of Applied Nursing Science, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, Rosenbergstrasse 59, St. Gallen, Postfach, St. Gallen, 9001, Switzerland.
| | - Stefan Ott
- School of Management, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, Rosenbergstrasse 59, St. Gallen, Postfach, St. Gallen, 9001, Switzerland
| | - Carola Maurer
- Institut of Applied Nursing Science, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, Rosenbergstrasse 59, St. Gallen, Postfach, St. Gallen, 9001, Switzerland
| | | | - Virpi Hantikainen
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Turun yliopisto, 20014, Finland
| | - André Fringer
- ZHAW School of Health Sciences, Institute of Nursing, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, Winterthur, 8400, Switzerland
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Nkhoma KB, Farrant L, Mzimkulu O, Hunter J, Higginson I, Gao W, Maddocks M, Gwyther L, Harding R. High Prevalence and Burden of Physical and Psychological Symptoms in a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Population in Primary Care Settings in South Africa. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2023; 18:1665-1679. [PMID: 37554921 PMCID: PMC10404593 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s395834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many deaths globally are attributable to non-communicable disease, and four-fifths of these deaths are in low- and middle-income countries. Globally, COPD is currently the third leading cause of mortality. Research Question 1) To determine the prevalence and burden of symptoms and concerns, and 2) determine predicting factors of symptom burden among patients with COPD. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted at eight primary care sites in Western Cape. We collected socio-demographic data (age, gender, smoking status, number of missed doses of prescribed medication in the last seven days) and clinical data (PEF and KPS). The Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS), the Medical Outcomes Study, Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS), the London Chest Activity of Daily Living Scale (LCADLS) and the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) (impairment on person's life) were administered to patients. We conducted ordered logistic regression analysis to assess factors associated with the burden of symptoms. MSAS subscales: 1) Global symptom distress index, 2) physical symptom distress and 3) psychological symptom distress were dependent outcomes. We constructed three ordinal logistic regression models for each of the three subscales. Covariates were MOS-SSS, LCADLS, CAT, demographic and clinical variables. Results We recruited n=387 patients, mean age 59.5 years, 53.0% female. In multivariate analysis, each of the three models (ie, global, psychological and physical symptom distress) was positively associated with impairment on person's life p<0.001, difficulty to perform activities of daily living p<0.001, and low social support p<0.001. Old age was associated with lower global symptom distress (p=0.004), psychological and (0.014) physical distress (0.005). Missing 1 or more doses of medication was associated with higher levels of global (0.004) and physical (0.005) symptom distress. Interpretation The high prevalence and burden of physical and psychological symptoms provides strong evidence of the need for integrating person-centred assessment and management of symptoms in primary care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kennedy B Nkhoma
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care Policy and Rehabilitation, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Lindsay Farrant
- Division of Interdisciplinary Palliative Care & Medicine, Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Olona Mzimkulu
- Division of Interdisciplinary Palliative Care & Medicine, Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Joy Hunter
- Division of Interdisciplinary Palliative Care & Medicine, Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Irene Higginson
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care Policy and Rehabilitation, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Wei Gao
- Division of Interdisciplinary Palliative Care & Medicine, Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Matthew Maddocks
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care Policy and Rehabilitation, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Liz Gwyther
- Division of Interdisciplinary Palliative Care & Medicine, Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Richard Harding
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care Policy and Rehabilitation, King’s College London, London, UK
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Xu L, Zeng L, Chai E, Morrison RS, Gelfman LP. Functional Status Changes in Patients Receiving Palliative Care Consult During COVID-19 Pandemic. J Pain Symptom Manage 2023; 66:137-145.e3. [PMID: 37088116 PMCID: PMC10122549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hospitalized patients with functional impairment have higher symptom burden and mortality. Little is known about how increased patient volume and acuity during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected access to palliative care among patients with functional impairment. OBJECTIVES To examine changes in functional status and hospital outcomes among patients receiving inpatient palliative care consultation before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We conducted a retrospective, multisite cohort study of all adult patients (≥ 18 years) admitted to four hospitals in New York City, USA, who received inpatient palliative care consultation between March 1, 2019 and February 28, 2022 with documented functional status at the time of consultation measured by Karnofsky Performance Status scale. RESULTS Among 13,180 eligible patients identified, patients' functional status at the time of consultation decreased as palliative care consult volume increased with the onset of the pandemic. Compared to pre-pandemic, there was a statistically significant trend of lower functional status (P < 0.001) and higher in-hospital mortality (P < 0.001) among patients with noncancer and non-COVID-19 diagnoses two years after the pandemic. In contrast, patients with cancer had a statistically significant trend of higher functional status (P < 0.001) and no significant changes in in-hospital mortality over time. CONCLUSION As the healthcare system was stressed with high demand and limited resources, palliative care consultation prioritized highest acuity patients by shifting towards those with lower functional status and higher in-hospital mortality. This shift disproportionately affected noncancer patients. Innovative approaches to ensure upstream palliative care consultation during increased resource constraints are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyi Xu
- Division of Pulmonary (L.X.), Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine (L.X., L.Z., E.C., R.S.M., L.P.G.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
| | - Li Zeng
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine (L.X., L.Z., E.C., R.S.M., L.P.G.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Emily Chai
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine (L.X., L.Z., E.C., R.S.M., L.P.G.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rolfe Sean Morrison
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine (L.X., L.Z., E.C., R.S.M., L.P.G.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; National Palliative Care Research Center (R.S.M.), New York, New York, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (R.S.M., L.P.G.), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Laura P Gelfman
- Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine (L.X., L.Z., E.C., R.S.M., L.P.G.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA; Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (R.S.M., L.P.G.), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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32
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Stenman T, Näppä U, Rönngren Y, Melin-Johansson C. "Daring to deal with the difficult and unexpected" registered nurses' confidential conversations with patients with palliative care needs: a qualitative interview study. BMC Palliat Care 2023; 22:108. [PMID: 37518580 PMCID: PMC10388485 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-023-01228-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In palliative care, registered nurses provide advanced nursing care to relieve patients' symptoms and increase their quality of life based on physical, mental, social and existential dimensions. Conversations, often about existential issues, are an important part of nursing and can affect quality of life positively. Confidential conversations between patients and nurses occur naturally while other nursing activities are being performed. Despite their great importance for palliative care these are rarely described. AIM To gain a deeper understanding of how nurses in palliative care experience and describe confidential conversations with patients. METHOD Secondary analysis of data from 17 open-ended face-to-face interviews with registered nurses in palliative care was conducted. Qualitative content analysis using an inductive approach was used to gain a deeper understanding and analyse the latent content. RESULTS The confidential conversation was considered an important part of palliative care and is the nurse's responsibility. This responsibility was described as complex and placed various demands on the nurses, both personal and professional. A prerequisite for the conversation was the interpersonal relationship. The conversation allowed the patient to process important matters not previously addressed or put into words. It had no predetermined content, was unplanned and entirely on the patient's terms. For nurses the conversation could be experienced both as draining and a source of power and strength. The nurses also described safeguarding the patient through the conversation. CONCLUSION Nurses' confidential conversations with patients are essential in palliative care and must be highlighted more to increase the quality of palliative care. The confidential conversations often have an existential content and are challenging for the nurses. Therefore, nurses need time, knowledge, and supervision to increase their conversation skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tove Stenman
- Department of Health Sciences Nursing Science, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.
| | - Ulla Näppä
- Department of Health Sciences Nursing Science, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Ylva Rönngren
- Department of Health Sciences Nursing Science, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | - Christina Melin-Johansson
- Department of Health Sciences Nursing Science, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
- Department of Nursing, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, S-831 25, Sweden
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Clarke G, Crooks J, Bennett MI, Mirza Z, Obe RB, Nazar W, Mughal R, Ahmed S. Experiences of pain and pain management in advanced disease and serious illness for people from South Asian communities in Leeds and Bradford: a qualitative interview study. BMC Palliat Care 2023; 22:90. [PMID: 37464365 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-023-01208-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain is a significant problem for many people with advanced disease or a serious illness. Culture and ethnicity can affect the experience and management of pain. However, there is limited research in South Asian communities in the UK on their experiences of pain. The aim of this study is to explore the experiences and attitudes of patients and family carers from South Asian communities about pain and its management within advanced disease or serious illness. METHODS Qualitative thematic analysis based on descriptive phenomenology (Sundler et al. 2019). Qualitative semi-structured interviews with patients or family carers from South Asian communities (N = 15). Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed using an inductive approach. Public and Patient Involvement representatives from British South Asian communities were consulted for guidance. RESULTS There were five key themes from the interviews: The importance of communication about pain with healthcare professionals; Concerns about taking pain medication; Personal resilience, privacy and self-management; Gender, culture and pain; Home pain management as struggle and frustration. CONCLUSION To improve pain management for people from South Asian communities with advanced disease or a serious illness, there are a number of important issues for healthcare professionals from palliative and primary care services to address. These include: greater awareness around people's fears and concerns about pain medication; their potential use of alternative pain management strategies; and cultural issues such as resilience, privacy, dignity and gender roles. Effective communication between doctors, patients and family members could be improved by using a 'cultural humility' model; providing clear and accessible pain medication information; understanding and taking account of people with both low, and medium levels, of English language proficiency; and improving patient trust. Additionally, improvements to out of hours services could improve pain management for all patients managing their pain at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Clarke
- St Gemma's Academic Unit of Palliative Care, Division of Primary Care Palliative Care and Public Health, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Level 10, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK.
| | - Jodie Crooks
- Policy and Research Team, Marie Curie, London, UK
| | - Michael I Bennett
- St Gemma's Academic Unit of Palliative Care, Division of Primary Care Palliative Care and Public Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Zarina Mirza
- Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Ruby Bhatti Obe
- Independent Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) Representative, Bradford, UK
| | - Wali Nazar
- Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Rahila Mughal
- Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK
| | - Shenaz Ahmed
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Haraldsdottir E, Lloyd A, Bijak M, Milton L, Finucane AM. Inpatient hospice admissions. Who is admitted and why: a mixed-method prospective study. Palliat Care Soc Pract 2023; 17:26323524231182724. [PMID: 37440785 PMCID: PMC10333996 DOI: 10.1177/26323524231182724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Over the next two decades, the numbers of people who will need palliative care in the United Kingdom and Ireland is projected to increase. Hospices play a vital role supporting people who require specialist palliative care input through community-based and inpatient palliative care services. Evidence is needed to understand the role of these different services to inform future service development. Objectives To describe the reasons for admission, and outcomes at the end of the stay, for patients admitted to two hospice inpatient units (IPUs). Design This was a mixed-methods study using a convergent, parallel mixed-methods design. Methods We reviewed the case notes of all patients admitted to two hospice inpatient units from July to November 2019; conducted semi-structured interviews with patients and families; as well as brief structured interviews with inpatient unit staff. Results Two hundred fifty-nine patients were admitted to a hospice IPU, accounting for 276 admissions in total. Overall, 53% were female; median age was 71 years (range: 26-95 years). Most patients (95%) were White British or Scottish, and 95% had a cancer diagnosis. Most patients were admitted from the community, under one-third were admitted from hospital. Most (85%) had previous palliative care involvement. Nearly, half had district nurse support (48%). Worry and anxiety was frequently reported as a reason for admission, alongside physical concerns. Median length of stay was 12 days, and 68% died during their stay. Hospice was recorded as the preferred place of care for 56% of those who died there. Conclusions Sustained efforts to promote the hospice as place of care for people with conditions other than cancer are needed alongside greater clarity regarding of the role of the hospice IPU, and who would benefit most from IPU support.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Anne M. Finucane
- Marie Curie Hospice, Edinburgh, UK; University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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35
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Date K, Williams B, Cohen J, Chaudhuri N, Bajwah S, Pearson M, Higginson I, Norrie J, Keerie C, Tuck S, Hall P, Currow D, Fallon M, Johnson M. Modified-release morphine or placebo for chronic breathlessness: the MABEL trial protocol. ERJ Open Res 2023; 9:00167-2023. [PMID: 37583966 PMCID: PMC10423982 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00167-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic breathlessness, a persistent and disabling symptom despite optimal treatment of underlying causes, is a frightening symptom with serious and widespread impact on patients and their carers. Clinical guidelines support the use of morphine for the relief of chronic breathlessness in common long-term conditions, but questions remain around clinical effectiveness, safety and longer term (>7 days) administration. This trial will evaluate the effectiveness of low-dose oral modified-release morphine in chronic breathlessness. This is a multicentre, parallel group, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Participants (n=158) will be opioid-naïve with chronic breathlessness due to heart or lung disease, cancer or post-coronavirus disease 2019. Participants will be randomised 1:1 to 5 mg oral modified-release morphine/placebo twice daily and docusate/placebo 100 mg twice daily for 56 days. Non-responders at Day 7 will dose escalate to 10 mg morphine/placebo twice daily at Day 15. The primary end-point (Day 28) measure will be worst breathlessness severity (previous 24 h). Secondary outcome measures include worst cough, distress, pain, functional status, physical activity, quality of life, and early identification and management of morphine-related side-effects. At Day 56, participants may opt to take open-label, oral modified-release morphine as part of usual care and complete quarterly breathlessness and toxicity questionnaires. The study is powered to be able to reject the null hypothesis and an embedded normalisation process theory-informed qualitative substudy will explore the adoption of morphine as a first-line pharmacological treatment for chronic breathlessness in clinical practice if effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Date
- Hull Health Trials Unit, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Bronwen Williams
- Hull Health Trials Unit, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Judith Cohen
- Hull Health Trials Unit, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | | | - Sabrina Bajwah
- Cicely Saunders Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mark Pearson
- Wolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Irene Higginson
- Cicely Saunders Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John Norrie
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Catriona Keerie
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sharon Tuck
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter Hall
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David Currow
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Marie Fallon
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre (IGMM), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Miriam Johnson
- Wolfson Palliative Care Research Centre, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
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Lovell N, Etkind SN, Davies JM, Prentice W, Higginson IJ, Sleeman KE. Effect of listening to breathing recordings on self-reported breathlessness: a public experiment. Eur Respir J 2023; 62:2201439. [PMID: 37105574 PMCID: PMC10356964 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01439-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Breathlessness is a common and persistent symptom for those living with chronic lung conditions and advanced disease [1]. It can be distressing for those who experience it, and often results in anxiety, physical inactivity and a poorer quality of life [2, 3]. Additionally, it impacts significantly on those who are close, including friends and family, and is associated with a considerable care burden [4]. This public experiment – a collaboration between the Cicely Saunders Institute and Science Gallery London – found that listening to audio recordings of breathlessness resulted in a noticeable increase in self-reported breathlessness. https://bit.ly/3o8py2Q
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Lovell
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK
- Contributed equally
| | - Simon N Etkind
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Contributed equally
| | - Joanna M Davies
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Irene J Higginson
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Katherine E Sleeman
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK
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Nolan CM, Brighton LJ, Mo Y, Bayly J, Higginson IJ, Man WDC, Maddocks M. Meditative movement for breathlessness in advanced COPD or cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:220243. [PMID: 37343961 PMCID: PMC10282812 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0243-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of meditative movement, which includes yoga, tai chi and qi gong, on breathlessness in advanced disease is unknown. This systematic review aims to comprehensively assess the evidence on the effect of meditative movement on breathlessness (primary outcome), health-related quality of life, exercise capacity, functional performance and psychological symptoms (secondary outcomes) in advanced disease. 11 English and Chinese language databases were searched for relevant trials. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool. Standardised mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals were computed. 17 trials with 1125 participants (n=815 COPD, n=310 cancer), all with unclear or high risk of bias, were included. Pooled estimates (14 studies, n=671) showed no statistically significant difference in breathlessness between meditative movement and control interventions (SMD (95% CI) 0.10 (-0.15-0.34); Chi2=30.11; I2=57%; p=0.45), irrespective of comparator, intervention or disease category. Similar results were observed for health-related quality of life and exercise capacity. It was not possible to perform a meta-analysis for functional performance and psychological symptoms. In conclusion, in people with advanced COPD or cancer, meditative movement does not improve breathlessness, health-related quality of life or exercise capacity. Methodological limitations lead to low levels of certainty in the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M Nolan
- Brunel University London, College of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, London, UK
- Harefield Respiratory Research Group, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Lisa Jane Brighton
- Kings College London, Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, London, UK
- King's College London, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Yihan Mo
- Kings College London, Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, London, UK
| | - Joanne Bayly
- Kings College London, Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, London, UK
- St. Barnabas Hospices, Worthing, UK
| | - Irene J Higginson
- Kings College London, Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, London, UK
| | - William D-C Man
- Harefield Respiratory Research Group, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- King's College London, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Matthew Maddocks
- Kings College London, Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, London, UK
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Torreggiani M, Piccoli GB, Moio MR, Conte F, Magagnoli L, Ciceri P, Cozzolino M. Choice of the Dialysis Modality: Practical Considerations. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12093328. [PMID: 37176768 PMCID: PMC10179541 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease and the need for kidney replacement therapy have increased dramatically in recent decades. Forecasts for the coming years predict an even greater increase, especially in low- and middle-income countries, due to the rise in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and the aging population. Access to kidney replacement treatments may not be available to all patients, making it especially strategic to set up therapy programs that can ensure the best possible treatment for the greatest number of patients. The choice of the "ideal" kidney replacement therapy often conflicts with medical availability and the patient's tolerance. This paper discusses the pros and cons of various kidney replacement therapy options and their real-world applicability limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Torreggiani
- Néphrologie et Dialyse, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans, 194 Avenue Rubillard, 72037 Le Mans, France
| | | | - Maria Rita Moio
- Néphrologie et Dialyse, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans, 194 Avenue Rubillard, 72037 Le Mans, France
| | - Ferruccio Conte
- Renal Division, Department of Health Sciences, Uiniversity of Milan, San Paolo Hospital, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Magagnoli
- Renal Division, Department of Health Sciences, Uiniversity of Milan, San Paolo Hospital, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Ciceri
- Renal Division, Department of Health Sciences, Uiniversity of Milan, San Paolo Hospital, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Cozzolino
- Renal Division, Department of Health Sciences, Uiniversity of Milan, San Paolo Hospital, 20142 Milan, Italy
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Kaur P, Kannapiran P, Ng SHX, Chu J, Low ZJ, Ding YY, Tan WS, Hum A. Predicting mortality in patients diagnosed with advanced dementia presenting at an acute care hospital: the PROgnostic Model for Advanced DEmentia (PRO-MADE). BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:255. [PMID: 37118683 PMCID: PMC10148534 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03945-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Challenges in prognosticating patients diagnosed with advanced dementia (AD) hinders timely referrals to palliative care. We aim to develop and validate a prognostic model to predict one-year all-cause mortality (ACM) in patients with AD presenting at an acute care hospital. METHODS This retrospective cohort study utilised administrative and clinical data from Tan Tock Seng Hospital (TTSH). Patients admitted to TTSH between 1st July 2016 and 31st October 2017 and identified to have AD were included. The primary outcome was ACM within one-year of AD diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression was used. The PROgnostic Model for Advanced Dementia (PRO-MADE) was internally validated using a bootstrap resampling of 1000 replications and externally validated on a more recent cohort of AD patients. The model was evaluated for overall predictive accuracy (Nagelkerke's R2 and Brier score), discriminative [area-under-the-curve (AUC)], and calibration [calibration slope and calibration-in-the-large (CITL)] properties. RESULTS A total of 1,077 patients with a mean age of 85 (SD: 7.7) years old were included, and 318 (29.5%) patients died within one-year of AD diagnosis. Predictors of one-year ACM were age > 85 years (OR:1.87; 95%CI:1.36 to 2.56), male gender (OR:1.62; 95%CI:1.18 to 2.22), presence of pneumonia (OR:1.75; 95%CI:1.25 to 2.45), pressure ulcers (OR:2.60; 95%CI:1.57 to 4.31), dysphagia (OR:1.53; 95%CI:1.11 to 2.11), Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥ 8 (OR:1.39; 95%CI:1.01 to 1.90), functional dependency in ≥ 4 activities of daily living (OR: 1.82; 95%CI:1.32 to 2.53), abnormal urea (OR:2.16; 95%CI:1.58 to 2.95) and abnormal albumin (OR:3.68; 95%CI:2.07 to 6.54) values. Internal validation results for optimism-adjusted Nagelkerke's R2, Brier score, AUC, calibration slope and CITL were 0.25 (95%CI:0.25 to 0.26), 0.17 (95%CI:0.17 to 0.17), 0.76 (95%CI:0.76 to 0.76), 0.95 (95% CI:0.95 to 0.96) and 0 (95%CI:-0.0001 to 0.001) respectively. When externally validated, the model demonstrated an AUC of 0.70 (95%CI:0.69 to 0.71), calibration slope of 0.64 (95%CI:0.63 to 0.66) and CITL of -0.27 (95%CI:-0.28 to -0.26). CONCLUSION The PRO-MADE attained good discrimination and calibration properties. Used synergistically with a clinician's judgement, this model can identify AD patients who are at high-risk of one-year ACM to facilitate timely referrals to palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palvinder Kaur
- Health Services and Outcomes Research, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link, #03-08, Singapore, 138543, Singapore
| | - Palvannan Kannapiran
- Health Services and Outcomes Research, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link, #03-08, Singapore, 138543, Singapore
| | - Sheryl Hui Xian Ng
- Health Services and Outcomes Research, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link, #03-08, Singapore, 138543, Singapore
| | - Jermain Chu
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Zhi Jun Low
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Yew Yoong Ding
- Geriatric Education and Research Institute, 2 Yishun Central 2, Singapore, 768024, Singapore
| | - Woan Shin Tan
- Health Services and Outcomes Research, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link, #03-08, Singapore, 138543, Singapore
| | - Allyn Hum
- Palliative Care Centre for Excellence in Research and Education, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 10 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308436, Singapore.
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Yip YY, Hwong WY, McCarthy SA, Hassan Chin AA, Woon YL. Duration of Referral-to-Death and its Associated Factors Among Cancer and Noncancer Patients: Retrospective Cohort Study of a Community Palliative Care Setting in Malaysia. J Palliat Care 2023; 38:111-125. [PMID: 36464769 DOI: 10.1177/08258597221143195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Addressing timely community palliative care integration is prioritized due to the increased burden of noncommunicable diseases. Objectives: To compare referral-to-death duration among palliative cancer and noncancer patients and to determine its associated factors in a Malaysian community palliative care center. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included decedents referred to a Malaysian community palliative care center between January 2017 and December 2019. Referral-to-death is the interval between the date of community palliative care referral and to date of death. Besides descriptive analyses, negative binomial regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with referral-to-death among both groups. Results: Of 4346 patients referred, 86.7% (n = 3766) and 13.3% (n = 580) had primary diagnoses of cancer and noncancer respectively. Median referral-to-death was 32 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 12-81) among cancer patients and 19 days (IQR: 7-78) among noncancer patients. The shortest referral-to-death among cancer patients was for liver cancer (median: 22 days; IQR: 8-58.5). Noncancer patients with dementia, heart failure, and multisystem organ failure had the shortest referral-to-death at 14 days. Among cancer patients, longer referral-to-death was associated with women compared to men (IRR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.16-1.36) and patients 80 to 94 years old compared to those below 50 years old (IRR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.02-1.38). Cancer patients with analgesics prescribed before or upon referral had 29% fewer palliative care days compared to no prescribing analgesics. In contrast, noncancer patients 50 to 64 years old had shorter referral-to-death compared to those below 50 years old (IRR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.28-0.91). Conclusion: Shorter referral-to-death among noncancer patients indicated possible access inequities with delayed community palliative care integration. Factors associated with referral-to-death are considered in developing targeted approaches ensuring timely and equitable community palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yee Yip
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Institute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Wen Yea Hwong
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Institute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, 8124University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Yuan Liang Woon
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Institute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Guo P, Alajarmeh S, Alarjeh G, Alrjoub W, Al-Essa A, Abusalem L, Giusti A, Mansour AH, Sullivan R, Shamieh O, Harding R. Providing person-centered palliative care in conflict-affected populations in the Middle East: What matters to patients with advanced cancer and families including refugees? Front Oncol 2023; 13:1097471. [PMID: 37051537 PMCID: PMC10083486 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1097471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionUniversal health coverage highlights palliative care as an essential component of health services. However, it is unclear what constitutes person-centered care in populations affected by conflict, as they may have specific concerns in the dimensions of physical, emotional, social, and spiritual wellbeing. This study aimed to identify what matters to patients with advanced cancer and family caregivers in Jordan including refugees, to inform appropriate person-centered assessment and palliative care in conflict-affected populations.MethodsCross-sectional face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted at two sites in Amman. Adult patients with advanced cancer and family caregivers were purposively sampled to maximize diversity and representation. Interviews were digitally audio recorded, anonymized, and transcribed verbatim for thematic analysis.FindingsFour themes were generated from 50 patients (22 refugees; 28 Jordanians) and 20 caregivers (7 refugees; 13 Jordanians) (1). Information, communication, and decision-making. Truth-telling and full disclosure from clinicians was valued, and participants expressed concerns that information was not shared in case patients would disengage with treatment. (2) Priorities and concerns for care and support. Participants’ top priority remained cure and recovery (which was viewed as possible). Other priorities included returning to their “normal” life and their “own” country, and to continue contributing to their family. (3) Role of spirituality and Islam. Most participants had strong faith in God and felt that having faith could comfort them. For refugees whose social network was fractured due to being away from home country, prayer and Quran reading became particularly important. (4) Unmet support needs of family caregivers. Family caregivers were affected physically and emotionally by worrying about and caring for the patients. They needed support and training, but often could not access this.DiscussionTruth-telling is highly valued and essential to achieving person-centered care and informed decision-making. This study also reveals specific concerns in conflict-affected populations, reflecting the experience of prior losses and fracturing of existing social networks and support. The role of religion is crucial in supporting refugee communities, and consideration should be paid to the needs of patients and caregivers when caring for a patient at home without access to their communities of origin and the support they accessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Guo
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, Cicely Saunders Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Ping Guo, ; Omar Shamieh,
| | - Sawsan Alajarmeh
- Center for Palliative & Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Ghadeer Alarjeh
- Center for Palliative & Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Waleed Alrjoub
- Center for Palliative & Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Ayman Al-Essa
- Center for Palliative & Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Lana Abusalem
- Center for Palliative & Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Alessandra Giusti
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, Cicely Saunders Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Asem H. Mansour
- Chief Executive Office, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Richard Sullivan
- Institute of Cancer Policy, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Omar Shamieh
- Center for Palliative & Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
- Department of Palliative Care, King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
- Faculty of Medicine, the University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- *Correspondence: Ping Guo, ; Omar Shamieh,
| | - Richard Harding
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, Cicely Saunders Institute, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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Anandan S, Reyes A, Izard S, Magalee CJ, Lopez S. A Retrospective Study Analyzing a Palliative Care-Hospital Medicine Collaboration to Improve Quality of Care of Patients With Advanced Illness. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2023; 40:299-310. [PMID: 35549918 DOI: 10.1177/10499091221101566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Palliative care seeks to improve outcomes for patients with advanced illness (AI). Advocacy exists for making it part of mainstream care for hospitalized patients with AI. AIM To determine if a partnership between hospital-medicine and specialized palliative care would increase identification of AI patients with palliative care needs requiring palliative consultation. Secondary outcomes: Decreasing 30-day readmission, length of stay (LOS) and pain scores, increasing documentation reflecting goals and advanced care planning. DESIGN Retrospective chart review of patients with AI admitted to a hospitalist-resident run unit divided into Care Models, "A" and "B," and analyzed over two ten-month periods, "1" and "2." Triggers for palliative needs were provided for "A." During biweekly rounding, needs were assessed and generalist vs. specialist level palliative care concepts were used for consultation. SETTING Quaternary-level teaching center in the New York Metropolitan area. PATIENTS 3,395 AI patients were analyzed, 1,707 from "1," and 1,688 from "2." RESULTS Comparing care models and time frames, palliative care consultation increased in "A" (P-value = .0013, P-value = .0005). When investigating "A" in "1" to "2," CMI was higher. Comparing "B" between "1" and "2," found older age and lower LACE. When adjusting for confounders (LACE and CMI), our models did not show a difference. Data on discharge disposition was significant for subacute rehab but not for mortality. There were no differences between care models and time-periods for secondary outcomes. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated the demand for palliative care services integrated into hospital medicine and highlighted areas of focus for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Anandan
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Andre Reyes
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie Izard
- Center for Health Innovations and Outcomes Research, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Christopher J Magalee
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Santiago Lopez
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
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Li H, Guo P, Gao W, Normand C, Harding R. Patient-reported outcome measures for advanced cancer in China: A systematic review of cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties. J Cancer Policy 2023; 35:100371. [PMID: 36436770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2022.100371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of patients with advanced cancer in China is rapidly increasing. As services and policy evolve, it is essential to improve the quality of care by measuring outcomes of importance to patients and families by identifying patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for use with advanced cancer patients in China, and critically appraising their cross-cultural adaptation process and measurement properties. METHODS A systematic review was conducted in accordance with COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN), with quality assessment using the Guidelines for the Process of Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Self-Report Measures and COSMIN quality criteria for measurement properties. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, CNKI and WanFang were systematically searched from inception to May 2019, updated to August 2022. Supplemental searches were conducted in grey literature databases, Google scholar and hand-searching of reference lists. RESULTS From 10793 articles, 437 were selected for full-text review based on titles and abstracts. A total of 46 studies reporting 39 PROMs were retained. No articles were rated as "good quality" in more than four of the six stages of cross-cultural adaptation. At least half of the required information on psychometric properties was missing for each measure. Based on COSMIN, none identified PROMs were valid across all properties nor appropriate to use. CONCLUSION There is currently no contextually appropriate and psychometrically sound PROMs for advanced cancer patients in China. The psychometric literature suggest that adaptation of existing measures is the potential solution. POLICY SUMMARY Developing outcome measures for advanced cancer patients in China is invaluable to improve audit, clinical services and assess the quality of care, for research purposes and secure funding. Future research in measures' development, refinement and cross-cultural adaptation in this field is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houshen Li
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery, and Palliative care, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Ping Guo
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery, and Palliative care, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; School of Nursing, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Gao
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery, and Palliative care, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charles Normand
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery, and Palliative care, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Health Policy and Management, Trinity College Dublin, 3-4 Foster PlaceDublin2, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Richard Harding
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery, and Palliative care, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Namisango E, Luyirika EBK, Matovu L, Berger A. The Meaning of Healing to Adult Patients with Advanced Cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1474. [PMID: 36674226 PMCID: PMC9861899 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore the meaning of healing from the perspective of adult patients with advanced cancer. METHODS We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a primary study which used a cognitive interview approach to assess the face and content validity of a spiritual and psychological healing measure (NIH-HEALS). This analysis focused on responses to the question, "What does the term 'healing' mean to you?" Data were de-identified, transcribed verbatim, and imported in NVivo for thematic analysis in line with interpretive phenomenological methods. RESULTS Thirty-five adults with advanced cancer participated in the study. We identified nine major themes: acceptance, surrender, faith, hope, peace, freedom from suffering (e.g., pain, problems, or other bothersome factors), overcoming/transcending disease, positive emotions (e.g., happiness), recovery from illness or disease. One participant discussed healing as synonymous with death, and two associated it with social relations and social support. CONCLUSION Themes from patients' responses suggest subjective and varied definitions of healing which encompass physical, social, spiritual, and psychological domains of well-being, distinct from the physical cure of disease. Clinicians should adopt a holistic, person-centered approach to care, attending to bodily, psychosocial, spiritual, and emotional needs to help patients find meaning in their experiences, nourish resilience, and experience a sense of healing-as they define it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Namisango
- African Palliative Care Association, Kampala P.O. Box 72518, Uganda
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation, Cicely Saunders Institute King’s College London, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | | | - Lawrence Matovu
- Formerly-Department of Clinical Services, Hospice Africa Uganda, Kampala P.O. Box 7757, Uganda
| | - Ann Berger
- National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Ullrich A, Bahloul S, Bokemeyer C, Oechsle K. Evaluation of a Routine Psychosocial Screening for Patients Receiving Inpatient Specialist Palliative Care: Feasibility and Outcomes. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WORK IN END-OF-LIFE & PALLIATIVE CARE 2023; 19:33-52. [PMID: 36332103 DOI: 10.1080/15524256.2022.2139336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This prospective one-year cohort study aimed to assess the feasibility and outcomes of a routine psychosocial screening at patients' admittance to specialist inpatient palliative care. Patients admitted to an academic palliative care ward were routinely screened for self-reported distress and psychological morbidity, psychosocial stress factors, and subjective need for help from psychosocial professions. Cognitive impairments were the most common patient barrier to screening. Screenings were completed in 138 of 428 patients (32%). Based on established cutoffs, distress was indicated in 89%, depression in 51%, and anxiety in 50% of these patients. The burden on next-of-kin emerged as the most prevalent stress factor (73%). One-half of the patients disclosed a subjective need for help (53%). Possible depression (p = .023), anxiety (p < .001), and subjective need for help (p < .001) correlated positively with a higher amount of time spent by psychologists and creative arts-based therapists with small to moderate effects. Patients who completed the screening were attributed with a higher amount of time by social workers than patients who did not (p = .004), but there were no relationships between screening results and social work. Results suggest the potential of screenings for the allocation of specialist psychosocial care during specialist palliative care; however, barriers to screening do exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneke Ullrich
- Palliative Care Unit, Department of Oncology, Hematology and BMT, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Said Bahloul
- Palliative Care Unit, Department of Oncology, Hematology and BMT, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Bokemeyer
- Palliative Care Unit, Department of Oncology, Hematology and BMT, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karin Oechsle
- Palliative Care Unit, Department of Oncology, Hematology and BMT, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Kochovska S, Chang S, Olsson M, Ekström M, Currow DC. Associations in Perceived Health and Persistent Breathlessness: A Cross-Sectional Study. Palliat Med Rep 2023; 4:120-126. [PMID: 37095863 PMCID: PMC10122221 DOI: 10.1089/pmr.2022.0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Persistent breathlessness is debilitating and increases in prevalence with advanced age and at end of life. This study aimed to evaluate any relationship between self-reported global impressions of change (GIC) in perceived health and breathlessness in older men. Design Cross-sectional study of 73-year-old Swedish men in the VAScular and Chronic Obstructive Lung disease study. A postal survey included items on perceived changes in health and breathlessness (GIC scales) and breathlessness (assessed using the modified Medical Research Council [mMRC] breathlessness scale, Dyspnea-12 and Multidimensional Dyspnea Scale) since age 65. Results Of 801 respondents, breathlessness (mMRC ≥2) was reported by 17.9%, worsening breathlessness by 29.1%, and worsening perceived health by 51.3%. Worsening breathlessness was strongly correlated with worsening perceived health (Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.68 [p < 0.001] and Kendall's τ of 0.56 [p < 0.001]) and associated with more limited function (47.2% vs. 29.7%; p < 0.0001) and increased rates of anxiety/depression. Conclusion The strong correlation between perceived changes in health and persistent breathlessness helps delineate a more comprehensive picture of the challenges faced by older adults living with this disabling symptom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slavica Kochovska
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sungwon Chang
- IMPACCT, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Max Olsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Ekström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - David C. Currow
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Address correspondence to: David C. Currow, MPH, PhD, FAHMS, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.
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Correa-Morales JE, Cuellar-Valencia L, Mantilla-Manosalva N, Quintero-Muñoz E, Iriarte-Aristizábal MF, Giraldo-Moreno S, Rodríguez-Campos LF. Cancer and Non-cancer Fatigue Treated With Bupropion: A Systematic Review. J Pain Symptom Manage 2023; 65:e21-e28. [PMID: 36198335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Fatigue is a predominant and distressing symptom in cancer and non-cancer conditions for which there is a paucity of recommendations for pharmacological interventions. Bupropion is a novel treatment whose efficacy and safety in the treatment of fatigue are unknown. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to systematically assess the evidence on the efficacy and safety of bupropion in the treatment of fatigue in people with cancer and non-cancer conditions. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, and Ovid Medline databases were searched up to July 26, 2022. Studies were included if they reported bupropion as an intervention for cancer and non-cancer-related fatigue and used an objective scale to assess symptom outcomes. Experimental and quasi-experimental studies in adult patients published in English were included. RESULTS This review reports on seven studies (three randomized studies, three non-randomized studies, and one case series) that enrolled a total of 584 patients. Bupropion was tested in five studies for treating cancer-related fatigue and in two studies for treating fatigue in non-cancer conditions. The reviewed studies were heterogeneous in relation to the scales used to assess fatigue. Six out of seven studies reported that bupropion significantly reduced the fatigue burden without causing major adverse effects. These positive results must be taken with caution caused by the small sample sizes and low quality of the studies reviewed. CONCLUSION Bupropion may prove to be an effective and safe intervention for fatigue in cancer and non-cancer conditions. A high-quality randomized trial is warranted to test current preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Esteban Correa-Morales
- Universidad de La Sabana, (J.E.C.M., L.C.-V., N.M.-M., E.Q.-M., M.F.I.-A., L.F.R.-C.) Bogotá D.C., Colombia; Colombian National Cancer Institute, (J.E.C.M., L.C.-V., N.M.-M.) Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
| | - Laura Cuellar-Valencia
- Universidad de La Sabana, (J.E.C.M., L.C.-V., N.M.-M., E.Q.-M., M.F.I.-A., L.F.R.-C.) Bogotá D.C., Colombia; Colombian National Cancer Institute, (J.E.C.M., L.C.-V., N.M.-M.) Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Nidia Mantilla-Manosalva
- Universidad de La Sabana, (J.E.C.M., L.C.-V., N.M.-M., E.Q.-M., M.F.I.-A., L.F.R.-C.) Bogotá D.C., Colombia; Colombian National Cancer Institute, (J.E.C.M., L.C.-V., N.M.-M.) Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Elias Quintero-Muñoz
- Universidad de La Sabana, (J.E.C.M., L.C.-V., N.M.-M., E.Q.-M., M.F.I.-A., L.F.R.-C.) Bogotá D.C., Colombia
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Namisango E, Powell RA, Taylor S, Radbruch L, Freeman R, Haufiku D, Mwagomba BM, Acuda W, Thambo L, Kambiya I, Luyirika EBK, Mwangi-Powell FN, Harding R. Depressive Symptoms and Palliative Care Concerns Among Patients With Non-communicable Diseases in Two Southern African Countries. J Pain Symptom Manage 2023; 65:26-37. [PMID: 36162705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), associated with health-related suffering, can benefit from palliative care in resource-limited settings, where over four-fifths of these deaths occur. OBJECTIVE To measure the prevalence of depressive symptoms, palliative care-related concerns, physical and other psychological symptoms among adult patients with NCDs in Malawi and Namibia. METHODS This multi-center, cross-sectional study consecutively recruited outpatients from four tertiary referral hospitals. Stepwise regression analysis was used to assess factors associated with physical and psychological symptom burden. RESULTS Among 457 participants, primary diagnosis was cancer (n=147, 32%); cardiovascular disease (CVD) (n=130, 28%), chronic respiratory disease (CRESD) (n=73, 16%) or diabetes (n=107, 23%). Over half were female (58.9%; n=269), mean age was 48 (SD=15.7). Clinically significant psychological distress was identified among cancer (57.2%), diabetes (57.0%), CRESD (45.2%) and CVD patients (43.1%), with criterion for major depression symptoms met for cancer (42.9%), diabetes (39.2%), CVD (30.0%) and CRESD (28.8%). Most severe palliative care concerns were: first sharing feelings (i.e., not at all/not very often), reported by CVD (28%), CRESD (23%), cancer (22%) and diabetes (21%) patients; second help and advice (i.e., none/very little), among cancer (28%), CVD (26%), diabetes (22%), and CRESD (16%) patients. High prevalence of moderate-to-severe pain was reported (cancer 54%, CVD 41%, CRESD 38%, diabetes 38%). Functional status, age, and presence of comorbidities were associated with physical and psychological symptom distress. CONCLUSION Given the high burden of physical and psychosocial symptoms and symptom distress, the findings highlight the need for integrated person-centered palliative care for NCDs to optimize care outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve Namisango
- African Palliative Care Association, Kampala Uganda and King's College London, Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care (E.N.), Policy & Rehabilitation, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Richard A Powell
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health (R.A.P.), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, England
| | - Steve Taylor
- Auckland University of Technology (S.T.), Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lukas Radbruch
- Department of Palliative Medicine, University Hospital Bonn (L.R.), Bonn, Germany
| | - Rachel Freeman
- School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Namibia (R.F.), Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Desderius Haufiku
- School of Public Health, University of Namibia (D.H.), Windhoek, Namibia
| | | | - Wilson Acuda
- Institute of Hospice and Palliative Care in Africa, Hospice Africa Uganda (W.A.), Kampala, Uganda
| | - Lameck Thambo
- Palliative Care Association of Malawi (L.T.), Blantyre, Malawi
| | | | | | | | - Richard Harding
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing Midwifery and Palliative Care (R.H.), Cicely Saunders Institute, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Sobanski PZ, Currow DC. Regular, low-dose methadone for reducing breathlessness in people experiencing or at risk of neurotoxic effects from morphine: A single-center case series. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:925787. [PMID: 36544498 PMCID: PMC9760708 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.925787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Breathlessness is a common symptom suffered by people living with advanced malignant and non-malignant diseases, one which significantly limits their quality of life. If it emerges at minimal exertion, despite the maximal, guidelines-directed, disease-specific therapies, it should be considered persistent and obliges clinicians to prescribe symptomatic, non-pharmacological, and pharmacological treatment to alleviate it. Opioids are recommended for the symptomatic treatment of persistent breathlessness, with morphine most extensively studied for this indication. It is extensively metabolized in the liver into water-soluble 3- and 6-glucuronides, excreted by the kidneys. In the case of advanced renal failure, the glucuronides accumulate, mainly responsible for toxicity 3-glucuronides. Some people, predominantly those with advanced renal failure, develop neurotoxic effects after chronic morphine, even when prescribed at a very low dose. A single-center case series of consecutive patients experiencing neurotoxic effects after long-term, low-dose morphine or at risk of such effects were transferred to methadone to avoid the accumulation of neurotoxic metabolites. Over the course of 4.5 years, 26 patients have been treated with methadone in the median dose of 3.0 mg/24 h p.o., for persisting breathlessness. Sixteen of them had been treated previously with an opioid (usually morphine) at the median dose of 7.0 mg/24 h (morphine oral daily dose equivalent). They were transferred to methadone, with the median dose of 3.0 mg/24 h orally (methadone oral daily dose equivalent), and the median morphine-to-methadone dose ratio was 2.5:1. All patients experienced a meaningful improvement in breathlessness intensity after methadone, by a median of 5 points (range 1-8) on the 0-10 numerical rating scale (NRS) in the whole group, and by 2 points (range 0-8) in those pretreated with other opioids, mainly morphine. Low-dose methadone can be considered an efficient alternative to morphine for reducing breathlessness in people experiencing neurotoxic effects or at risk of developing them following treatment with morphine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Z. Sobanski
- Palliative Care Unit and Competence Centre, Department of Internal Disease, Schwyz Hospital, Schwyz, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Piotr Z. Sobanski,
| | - David C. Currow
- Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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50
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Zehnder AR, Pedrosa Carrasco AJ, Etkind SN. Factors associated with hospitalisations of patients with chronic heart failure approaching the end of life: A systematic review. Palliat Med 2022; 36:1452-1468. [PMID: 36172637 PMCID: PMC9749018 DOI: 10.1177/02692163221123422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure has high mortality and is linked to substantial burden for patients, carers and health care systems. Patients with chronic heart failure frequently experience recurrent hospitalisations peaking at the end of life, but most prefer to avoid hospital. The drivers of hospitalisations are not well understood. AIM We aimed to synthesise the evidence on factors associated with all-cause and heart failure hospitalisations of patients with advanced chronic heart failure. DESIGN Systematic review of studies quantitatively evaluating factors associated with all-cause or heart failure hospitalisations in adult patients with advanced chronic heart failure. DATA SOURCES Five electronic databases were searched from inception to September 2020. Additionally, searches for grey literature, citation searching and hand-searching were performed. We assessed the quality of individual studies using the QualSyst tool. Strength of evidence was determined weighing number, quality and consistency of studies. Findings are reported narratively as pooling was not deemed feasible. RESULTS In 54 articles, 68 individual, illness-level, service-level and environmental factors were identified. We found high/moderate strength evidence for specialist palliative or hospice care being associated with reduced risk of all-cause and heart failure hospitalisations, respectively. Based on high strength evidence, we further identified black/non-white ethnicity as a risk factor for all-cause hospitalisations. CONCLUSION Efforts to integrate hospice and specialist palliative services into care may reduce avoidable hospitalisations in advanced heart failure. Inequalities in end-of-life care in terms of race/ethnicity should be addressed. Further research should investigate the causality of the relationships identified here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina R Zehnder
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK.,Rautipraxis, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Simon N Etkind
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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