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Osés SM, Fernández-Muiño MA, Rodríguez-Fernández A, Sancho MT, Lázaro R, Bayarri S. Phenolic Composition, Antiradical, Antimicrobial, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Propolis Extracts from North East Spain. J Med Food 2024; 27:563-574. [PMID: 38868932 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant-related parameters and anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities against Listeria monocytogenes were assessed in eight North East Spain poplar propolis samples. Propolis extracts (PEs) were obtained using 70% ethanol (PEE) and methanol (PME). Yield and total phenol compounds were higher in PEE. Phenolic acids were analyzed by a high-performance liquid chromatograph-diode array detector. Caffeic and ferulic acids were quantified in all PEE and PME. All samples contained p-coumaric acid (quantified in 6 PEE and in 3 PME). Ascorbic acid was detected in all propolis, but mainly quantified in PME (≤0.37 mg/g PE). Biological properties were tested on PEE. As for antiradical activities, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) [against 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)•+], ranged between 578 and 4620 µmol trolox/g, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (against DPPH free radical), between 0.049 and 0.094 mg/mL, antioxidant activity against hydroxyl (•OH) radical (AOA), between 0.04 and 11.01 mmol uric acid/g, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) against peroxyl (ROO•) radical between 122 and 3282 µmol trolox/g. Results of TEAC, AOA, and ORAC were significantly correlated. IC50 anti-inflammatory activity ranged from 1.08 to 6.19 mg/mL. Propolis showed higher inhibitory activity against L. monocytogenes CECT934 and L. monocytogenes CP101 by agar well diffusion (P < .05) (10.5 and 10.2 mm, respectively) than against L. monocytogenes CP102 (7.0 mm). Data of this research show that North East Spain propolis may be of interest for pharmaceutical and food industry use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M Osés
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Universidad de Burgos (University of Burgos), Burgos, Spain
| | - Miguel A Fernández-Muiño
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Universidad de Burgos (University of Burgos), Burgos, Spain
| | - Andrea Rodríguez-Fernández
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Universidad de Burgos (University of Burgos), Burgos, Spain
| | - M Teresa Sancho
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Universidad de Burgos (University of Burgos), Burgos, Spain
| | - Regina Lázaro
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2. Veterinary School. Universidad de Zaragoza (University of Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Susana Bayarri
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2. Veterinary School. Universidad de Zaragoza (University of Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
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Konsila K, Assavalapsakul W, Phuwapraisirisan P, Chanchao C. Anti- Malassezia globosa (MYA-4889, ATCC) activity of Thai propolis from the stingless bee Geniotrigona thoracica. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29421. [PMID: 38660263 PMCID: PMC11041017 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Malassezia globosa, a lipophilic pathogen, is known to be involved in various chronic skin diseases. Unfortunately, the available treatments have unwanted side effects and microbial drug resistance is evolving. As the antimicrobial activity of propolis is outstanding, this study aimed to examine the potential of propolis from the stingless bee Geniotrigona thoracica against the yeast. Anti-M. globosa growth activity was ascertained in agar well diffusion and broth microdilution assays and the inhibitory concentration value at 50 % (IC50) was determined. Since the yeast cannot synthesize its own fatty acids, extracellular lipase is important for its survival. Here, anti-M. globosa extracellular lipase activity was additionally investigated by colorimetric and agar-based methods. Compared to the crude hexane and crude dichloromethane extracts, the crude methanol partitioned extract (CMPE) exhibited the best anti-M. globosa growth activity with an IC50 of 1.22 mg/mL. After CMPE was further enriched by silica gel column chromatography, fraction CMPE1 (IC50 of 0.98 mM or 184.93 μg/mL) presented the highest activity and was later identified as methyl gallate (MG) by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Subsequently, MG was successfully synthesized and shown to have a similar activity, and a minimal fungicidal concentration of 43.44 mM or 8.00 mg/mL. However, lipase assay analysis suggested that extracellular lipase might not be the main target mechanism of MG. This is the first report of MG as a new anti-Malassezia compound. It could be a good candidate for further developing alternative therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawisara Konsila
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Wanchai Assavalapsakul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Preecha Phuwapraisirisan
- Center of Excellence in Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Chanpen Chanchao
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Meguellati H, Ouafi S, Saad S, Harchaoui L, Djemouai N. Phytochemical characterization, in vivo and in vitro biological activities of Atriplex lindleyi Moq. subsp. inflata. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117333. [PMID: 37866467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Atriplex lindleyi Moq. subsp. inflata from Algeria is known for its traditional use for therapeutic properties. AIM OF THE STUDY We analysed quantitatively and qualitatively the infusion and diethyl ether, n-butanol and ethereal extracts of A. lindleyi, as well as assessed their acute toxicity, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antioxidant activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified. The anti-inflammatory effect was assessed using a carrageenan-induced paw oedema assay and the antinociceptive effect was evaluated using an acetic acid-induced writhing method. In addition, antioxidant activity was examined by three tests: DPPH, reducing power and phenanthroline assays. RESULTS The quantity of total phenols in the roots of A. lindleyi was larger than in the aerial parts, while the amounts of total flavonoids were larger in the aerial parts than in the roots. The HPLC profiles allowed us to identify 32 compounds belonging to the phenolic acid and flavonoid classes. Intraperitoneal administration of the infusions and phenolic extracts in mice did not cause any symptoms of toxicity or mortality. Results revealed that the aerial parts and roots of A. lindleyi had potential anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities and were higher than diclofenac and paracetamol, respectively. The diethyl ether extract (DEE) of aerial parts and roots showed the greatest antioxidant activity in comparison to the other tested extracts. CONCLUSION The phenolic composition attempted to be identified by HPLC confers this plant's pharmacological potential. The antioxidant potential may be due to active ingredients, including ascorbic acid, in the two studied parts of A. lindleyi, which is a bioactive molecule with strong antioxidant properties. Also, detecting salicylic acid, the active antinociceptive ingredient of aspirin, gallic and ferulic acids may justify this subspecies' antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassina Meguellati
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Zones Arides (LRZA), Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP32 El-Alia, 16111, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Saida Ouafi
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Zones Arides (LRZA), Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP32 El-Alia, 16111, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Somia Saad
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Zones Arides (LRZA), Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP32 El-Alia, 16111, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria; Centre de Recherche Scientifique et Techniques sur les Régions Arides (CRSTRA), Biskra, Algeria.
| | - Lylia Harchaoui
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Zones Arides (LRZA), Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene (USTHB), BP32 El-Alia, 16111, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Nadjette Djemouai
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre, Université de Ghardaia, BP 455, Ghardaïa, 47000, Algeria; Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, B.P. 92, 16 050, Kouba, Algiers, Algeria.
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Cea-Pavez I, Manteca-Bautista D, Morillo-Gomar A, Quirantes-Piné R, Quiles JL. Influence of the Encapsulating Agent on the Bioaccessibility of Phenolic Compounds from Microencapsulated Propolis Extract during In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion. Foods 2024; 13:425. [PMID: 38338558 PMCID: PMC10855809 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work is to develop different encapsulated propolis ingredients by spray-drying and to evaluate their bioaccessibility using simulated in vitro digestion. To achieve these goals, first, microparticles of a propolis extract with inulin as the coating polymer were prepared under the optimal conditions previously determined. Then, a fraction of inulin was replaced with other encapsulating agents, namely sodium alginate, pectin, and chitosan, to obtain different ingredients with controlled release properties in the gastrointestinal tract. The analysis of the phenolic profile in the propolis extract and microparticles showed 58 compounds tentatively identified, belonging mainly to phenolic acid derivatives and flavonoids. Then, the behavior of the free extract and the formulated microparticles under gastrointestinal conditions was studied through an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion process using the INFOGEST protocol. Digestion of the free extract resulted in the degradation of most compounds, which was minimized in the encapsulated formulations. Thus, all developed microparticles could be promising strategies for improving the stability of this bioactive extract under gastrointestinal conditions, thereby enhancing its beneficial effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Cea-Pavez
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento 37, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.C.-P.); (D.M.-B.); (A.M.-G.); (J.L.Q.)
| | - David Manteca-Bautista
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento 37, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.C.-P.); (D.M.-B.); (A.M.-G.); (J.L.Q.)
| | - Alejandro Morillo-Gomar
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento 37, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.C.-P.); (D.M.-B.); (A.M.-G.); (J.L.Q.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Cartuja Campus, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Rosa Quirantes-Piné
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento 37, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.C.-P.); (D.M.-B.); (A.M.-G.); (J.L.Q.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avda Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - José L. Quiles
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento 37, 18016 Granada, Spain; (I.C.-P.); (D.M.-B.); (A.M.-G.); (J.L.Q.)
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, 18016 Armilla, Spain
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Tecnología Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Isabel Torres 21, 39011 Santander, Spain
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Chen X, Xiong P, Song W, Song Q, Zou Z, Huang J, Chen J, Xu C, Su W, Ai G, Wei Q. Dietary supplementation with honeycomb extracts positively improved egg nutritional and flavor quality, serum antioxidant and immune functions of laying ducks. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1277293. [PMID: 37901107 PMCID: PMC10600442 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1277293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Honeycomb is a traditional natural health medicine and has antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antitumor activities. It is currently unclear whether honeycomb extract supplementation has positive effects on the intensive farming laying duck production. This study aims to evaluate the effects of honeycomb extracts on the laying performance, egg nutritional and flavor quality, serum biochemical indexes, and antioxidant and immune status in laying ducks. Methods A total of 672 healthy 28-week-old Shanma laying ducks with similar laying performance and body weight were randomly distributed into four dietary treatments with 6 replicates of 28 birds. The birds in each treatment were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0 (control group), 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 g/kg honeycomb extracts, respectively. Feed and water were provided ad libitum for 45 days. Laying performance, egg quality, egg nutrition and flavor quality, serum parameters were assessed. Results The results showed that compared with the control group, honeycomb extracts addition significantly increased the average daily feed intake but did not affect the other laying performance indexes, egg quality or serum biochemical indexes of laying ducks. Dietary supplementation with honeycomb extracts significantly increased crude protein content and decreased the contents of cholesterol and trimethylamine in eggs. Diets supplemented with 1.5 g/kg honeycomb extracts significantly improved egg total amino acids and flavor amino acids contents, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids composition and enhanced the serum antioxidant activity and immune functions of ducks. Discussion Duck eggs are rich in nutrients and a valuable source of high-quality food for human, while they are rarely consumed directly by consumers because of their stronger fishy odor and lower sensory quality. Many studies have showed that the influence of dietary supplementation on egg components. This study indicated that dietary supplementation with honeycomb extracts positively reduced the contents of egg cholesterol and trimethylamine, improve egg amino acids contents and fatty acid profiles, enhanced serum antioxidant and immune status of laying ducks. The recommended supplemental level of honeycomb extracts was 1.5 g/kg in the diet of laying ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qipeng Wei
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China
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Nathani S, Das N, Katiyar P, Waghmode B, Sircar D, Roy P. Consumption of honey ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction via upregulation of tight junction proteins. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:3033-3054. [PMID: 37493680 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03203-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The leaky gut barrier is an important factor leading to various inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders. The nutritional value of honey and variety of its health benefits have long been recognized. This study was undertaken to assess the role of Indian mustard honey in preventing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction using a combination of in vitro and in vivo experimental model systems. METHODS LPS was used to induce intestinal barrier damage in a trans-well model of Caco-2 cells (1 µg/ml) and in Swiss albino mice (5 mg/kg body weight). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were used to analyse sugar and phenolic components in honey samples. The Caco-2 cell monolayer integrity was evaluated by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and paracellular permeability assays. The histopathology of intestinal tissue was analysed by haematoxylin and eosin dual staining. The quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to quantify the transcription of genes. The protein expression was analysed by immunofluorescence, western blot and ELISA-based techniques. RESULTS The in vitro data showed that honey prevented LPS-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction dose dependently as was measured by TEER and paracellular flux of FITC-dextran dye. Further, the in vivo data showed a prophylactic effect of orally administered honey as it prevented the loss of intestinal barrier integrity and villus structure. The cellular localization and expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins were upregulated along with downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to the administration of honey with LPS. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest a propitious role of honey in the maintenance of TJ protein integrity, thereby preventing LPS-induced intestinal barrier disintegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Nathani
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India
| | - Neeladrisingha Das
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India
| | - Parul Katiyar
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India
| | - Bhairavnath Waghmode
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India
| | - Debabrata Sircar
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India
| | - Partha Roy
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247 667, India.
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Kocyigit A, Guler EM, Durmus E, Yenigun VB, Kanimdan E, Ozman Z, Yasar O, Goren AC, Hekimoglu ER, Oruc HH, Aydogdu G. Propolis Enhances 5-Fluorouracil Mediated Antitumor Efficacy and Reduces Side Effects in Colorectal Cancer: An in Vitro and in Vivo Study. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300591. [PMID: 37497658 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the combined treatment of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and Anatolian propolis extract (PE) on colorectal cancer (CRC)using in vitro and in vivo studies. We exposed luciferase-transfected (Lovo-Luc CRC) cells and healthy colon cells (CCD-18Co) to varying concentrations of 5-FU and PE to assess their genotoxic, apoptotic, and cytotoxic effects, as well as their intracellular reactive oxygen species (iROS) levels. We also developed a xenograft model in nude mice and evaluated the anti-tumor effects of PE and 5-FU using various methods. Our findings showed that the combination of PE and 5-FU had selectivity against cancer cells, particularly at higher doses, and enhanced the anti-tumor effectiveness of 5-FU against colon CRC. The results suggest that PE can reduce side effects and increase the effectiveness of 5-FU through iROS generation in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahim Kocyigit
- Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
- Bezmialem Vakif University Traditional and Complementary Medicine Advanced Research Applications and Research Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eray Metin Guler
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Hamidiye School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Durmus
- Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
- Bezmialem Vakıf University Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Biochemistry, Turkey
| | - Vildan Betul Yenigun
- Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Kanimdan
- Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul University Institute of Science, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Ozman
- Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
- Bezmialem Vakıf University Institute of Health Sciences, Medical Biochemistry, Turkey
| | - Oznur Yasar
- Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biochemistry, 34093, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ceyhan Goren
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Rumeysa Hekimoglu
- Bezmialem Vakif University School of Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasan Huseyin Oruc
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Aydogdu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
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Pérez R, Burgos V, Marín V, Camins A, Olloquequi J, González-Chavarría I, Ulrich H, Wyneke U, Luarte A, Ortiz L, Paz C. Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE): Biosynthesis, Derivatives and Formulations with Neuroprotective Activities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1500. [PMID: 37627495 PMCID: PMC10451560 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by a progressive process of degeneration and neuronal death, where oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are key factors that contribute to the progression of these diseases. Therefore, two major pathways involved in these pathologies have been proposed as relevant therapeutic targets: The nuclear transcription factor erythroid 2 (Nrf2), which responds to oxidative stress with cytoprotecting activity; and the nuclear factor NF-κB pathway, which is highly related to the neuroinflammatory process by promoting cytokine expression. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a phenylpropanoid naturally found in propolis that shows important biological activities, including neuroprotective activity by modulating the Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways, promoting antioxidant enzyme expression and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine expression. Its simple chemical structure has inspired the synthesis of many derivatives, with aliphatic and/or aromatic moieties, some of which have improved the biological properties. Moreover, new drug delivery systems increase the bioavailability of these compounds in vivo, allowing its transcytosis through the blood-brain barrier, thus protecting brain cells from the increased inflammatory status associated to neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. This review summarizes the biosynthesis and chemical synthesis of CAPE derivatives, their miscellaneous activities, and relevant studies (from 2010 to 2023), addressing their neuroprotective activity in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Pérez
- Laboratory of Natural Products & Drug Discovery, Center CEBIM, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (R.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Viviana Burgos
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Rudecindo Ortega, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - Víctor Marín
- Laboratory of Natural Products & Drug Discovery, Center CEBIM, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (R.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Antoni Camins
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institut de Neurociències (UBNeuro), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Olloquequi
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Iván González-Chavarría
- Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile;
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Instituto de Química, Universidad de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Ursula Wyneke
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago 111711, Chile; (U.W.)
- Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy (IMPACT), Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Alejandro Luarte
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Los Andes, Santiago 111711, Chile; (U.W.)
- Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy (IMPACT), Santiago 7620001, Chile
| | - Leandro Ortiz
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia 5110566, Chile;
| | - Cristian Paz
- Laboratory of Natural Products & Drug Discovery, Center CEBIM, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (R.P.); (V.M.)
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Choudhary P, Tushir S, Bala M, Sharma S, Sangha MK, Rani H, Yewle NR, Kumar P, Singla D, Chandran D, Kumar M, Mekhemar M. Exploring the Potential of Bee-Derived Antioxidants for Maintaining Oral Hygiene and Dental Health: A Comprehensive Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1452. [PMID: 37507990 PMCID: PMC10375990 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Honey bee products comprise various compounds, including honey, propolis, royal jelly, bee pollen, bee wax and bee venom, which have long been recognized for their pharmacological and health-promoting benefits. Scientists have discovered that periodontal disorders stem from dental biofilm, an inflammatory response to bacterial overgrowth produced by dysbiosis in the oral microbiome. The bee products have been investigated for their role in prevention of oral diseases, which are attributed to a myriad of biologically active compounds including flavonoids (pinocembrin, catechin, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and galangin), phenolic acids (hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroxycinnamic acid, p-coumaric, ellagic, caffeic and ferulic acids) and terpenoids. This review aims to update the current understanding of role of selected bee products, namely, honey, propolis and royal jelly, in preventing oral diseases as well as their potential biological activities and mechanism of action in relation to oral health have been discussed. Furthermore, the safety of incorporation of bee products is also critically discussed. To summarize, bee products could potentially serve as a therapy option for people suffering from a variety of oral disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Choudhary
- Department of Agricultural Structures and Environment Control, ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Surya Tushir
- Department of Agricultural Structures and Environment Control, ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Manju Bala
- Department of Food Grain and Oilseed Processing, ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Sanjula Sharma
- Oilseeds Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Manjeet Kaur Sangha
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Heena Rani
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | | | - Parminder Kumar
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Diksha Singla
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
| | - Deepak Chandran
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Government of Kerala, Palakkad 679335, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Mohamed Mekhemar
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian-Albrecht's University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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10
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Sanyal A, Ghosh A, Roy C, Mazumder I, Marrazzo P. Revolutionizing the Use of Honeybee Products in Healthcare: A Focused Review on Using Bee Pollen as a Potential Adjunct Material for Biomaterial Functionalization. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:352. [PMID: 37504847 PMCID: PMC10381877 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of biomedical engineering highly demands technological improvements to allow the successful engraftment of biomaterials requested for healing damaged host tissues, tissue regeneration, and drug delivery. Polymeric materials, particularly natural polymers, are one of the primary suitable materials employed and functionalized to enhance their biocompatibility and thus confer advantageous features after graft implantation. Incorporating bioactive substances from nature is a good technique for expanding or increasing the functionality of biomaterial scaffolds, which may additionally encourage tissue healing. Our ecosystem provides natural resources, like honeybee products, comprising a rich blend of phytochemicals with interesting bioactive properties, which, when functionally coupled with biomedical biomaterials, result in the biomaterial exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant effects. Bee pollen is a sustainable product recently discovered as a new functionalizing agent for biomaterials. This review aims to articulate the general idea of using honeybee products for biomaterial engineering, mainly focusing on describing recent literature on experimental studies on biomaterials functionalized with bee pollen. We have also described the underlying mechanism of the bioactive attributes of bee pollen and shared our perspective on how future biomedical research will benefit from the fabrication of such functionalized biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arka Sanyal
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Anushikha Ghosh
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Chandrashish Roy
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Ishanee Mazumder
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India
| | - Pasquale Marrazzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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11
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Fathi Hafshejani S, Lotfi S, Rezvannejad E, Mortazavi M, Riahi‐Madvar A. Correlation between total phenolic and flavonoid contents and biological activities of 12 ethanolic extracts of Iranian propolis. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:4308-4325. [PMID: 37457164 PMCID: PMC10345684 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Propolis is a resinous substance produced by honey bees that is very popular as a natural remedy in traditional medicine. The current research is the first study on the biological properties of ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) from several different regions (12) of Iran. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) of Iranian EEPs were variable between 26.59-221.38 mg GAE/g EEP and 4.8-100.03 mg QE/g EEP. The DPPH scavenging assay showed all the studied EEP samples, except for the sample with the lowest TPC and TFC (P6), have suitable antioxidant activity. All the EEPs inhibited both cholinesterase enzymes (acetylcholinesterase: AChE, butyrylcholinesterase: BuChE) but most of them exhibited a distinct selectivity over BuChE. Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of the EEP samples using four pathogenic bacteria (B. cereus, S. aureus, A. baumannii, and P. aeruginosa) demonstrated that the antibacterial properties of propolis are more effective on the gram-positive bacterium. Spearman correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation between TPC and TFC of the Iranian EEPs and their antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and antibacterial activities. Considering that there is ample evidence of anticholinesterase activity of flavonoids and a significant correlation between the anticholinesterase activity of the studied Iranian EEPs and their total flavonoid content was observed, the interaction of 17 well-known propolis flavonoids with AChE and BuChE was explored using molecular docking. The results indicated that all the flavonoids interact with the active site gorge of both enzymes with high affinity. Summing up, the obtained results suggest that Iranian propolis possesses great potential for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Fathi Hafshejani
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental SciencesGraduate University of Advanced TechnologyKermanIran
| | - Safa Lotfi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental SciencesGraduate University of Advanced TechnologyKermanIran
| | - Elham Rezvannejad
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental SciencesGraduate University of Advanced TechnologyKermanIran
| | - Mojtaba Mortazavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental SciencesGraduate University of Advanced TechnologyKermanIran
| | - Ali Riahi‐Madvar
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic SciencesKosar University of BojnordBojnordIran
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12
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Afata TN, Dekebo A. Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Effect of Western Ethiopian Propolis. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200922. [PMID: 36575948 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Propolis or bee glue is commonly named as a natural resinous mixture produced by honeybees (Apis mellifera) from substances collected from parts of plants, buds, and exudate. The result of the ethyl acetate - methanol (3 : 2) volume by volume fraction yielded a total of two compounds namely betulinic acid and β-amyrin isolated from Bodji Dirmaji and Fincha'a district propolis, respectively. The crude ethanolic extract was portioned with the different solvent systems by increasing the polarities in the following order of hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Column chromatographic method on normal silica gel was used to isolate the compounds. The structures of the compounds were characterized using 1D NMR techniques. The study revealed that western Ethiopian propolis was rich in saponins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenes, and glycosides. The antibacterial activity for the isolated compound (betulinic acid) showed the highest inhibition for S. aureus (11.2±1.6), E. coli (17.7±1.1), and A. niger (12.6±1.2) mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariku Neme Afata
- Department of Environmental Health Science and Technology, Jimma University, Ethiopia.,Oromia Region, Dambi Dollo Teachers College, Ethiopia
| | - Aman Dekebo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
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13
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Inhibition of Skin Pathogenic Bacteria, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Royal Jelly from Northern Thailand. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28030996. [PMID: 36770665 PMCID: PMC9920569 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Royal jelly is a nutritious substance produced by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of honeybees. Royal jelly possesses many attractive and beneficial properties which make it an ideal component in medical and pharmaceutical products. The antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of royal jelly from honeybees (Apis mellifera) were determined in this study. Moreover, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the royal jelly were also evaluated. The effects of royal jelly on growth inhibition against skin pathogenic bacteria, including Cutibacterium acnes, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Corynebacterium spp., were investigated by the agar well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were further determined by the broth dilution method. The results indicated that royal jelly showed antibacterial activity by inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria, while the effectiveness decreased against Gram-negative bacteria. Interestingly, royal jelly from Lamphun (RJ-LP1), and Chiang Mai (RJ-CM1), presented high inhibitory efficacy against C. acnes, MRSA, and S. aureus within 4 h by a time killing assay. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory properties of royal jelly were tested using RAW264.7 macrophage cells, and results revealed that RJ-LP1 and RJ-CM1 could reduce nitric oxide (NO) production and suppress iNOS gene expression. After testing the antioxidant activity, RJ-CM1 and RJ-CM2 of royal jelly from Chiang Mai had the highest level. Additionally, RJ-CM1 also showed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid content. These findings have brought forward new knowledge of the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of royal jelly, which will improve clinical and pharmaceutical uses of royal jelly as an alternative therapy for bacterial infections, and also as a dietary supplement product.
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14
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Hernanz D, Palomar MÁ, Moujanni A, Essamadi A, Heredia FJ, Terrab A. Phenolic compounds and color of labeled resin spurge honey and their correlations with pollen content. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Sanluis-Verdes A, Colomer-Vidal P, Rodriguez-Ventura F, Bello-Villarino M, Spinola-Amilibia M, Ruiz-Lopez E, Illanes-Vicioso R, Castroviejo P, Aiese Cigliano R, Montoya M, Falabella P, Pesquera C, Gonzalez-Legarreta L, Arias-Palomo E, Solà M, Torroba T, Arias CF, Bertocchini F. Wax worm saliva and the enzymes therein are the key to polyethylene degradation by Galleria mellonella. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5568. [PMID: 36195604 PMCID: PMC9532405 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33127-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic degradation by biological systems with re-utilization of the by-products could be a future solution to the global threat of plastic waste accumulation. Here, we report that the saliva of Galleria mellonella larvae (wax worms) is capable of oxidizing and depolymerizing polyethylene (PE), one of the most produced and sturdy polyolefin-derived plastics. This effect is achieved after a few hours’ exposure at room temperature under physiological conditions (neutral pH). The wax worm saliva can overcome the bottleneck step in PE biodegradation, namely the initial oxidation step. Within the saliva, we identify two enzymes, belonging to the phenol oxidase family, that can reproduce the same effect. To the best of our knowledge, these enzymes are the first animal enzymes with this capability, opening the way to potential solutions for plastic waste management through bio-recycling/up-cycling. The crucial first step in the biodegradation of polyethylene plastic is oxidation of the polymer. This has traditionally required abiotic pre-treatment, but now Bertocchini and colleagues report two wax worm enzymes capable of catalyzing this oxidation and subsequent degradation at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sanluis-Verdes
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas-Margarita Salas (CIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Colomer-Vidal
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas-Margarita Salas (CIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Rodriguez-Ventura
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas-Margarita Salas (CIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Bello-Villarino
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas-Margarita Salas (CIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - E Ruiz-Lopez
- Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB)-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Illanes-Vicioso
- Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB)-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Castroviejo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and PCT, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | | | - M Montoya
- CIB-CSIC, Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Falabella
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - C Pesquera
- Department of Chemistry and Process & Resource Engineering, Inorganic Chemistry Group-University of Cantabria, Nanomedicine-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - L Gonzalez-Legarreta
- Department of Chemistry and Process & Resource Engineering, Inorganic Chemistry Group-University of Cantabria, Nanomedicine-IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - E Arias-Palomo
- CIB-CSIC, Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Solà
- Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB)-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Torroba
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and PCT, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | - C F Arias
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas-Margarita Salas (CIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Madrid, Spain.
| | - F Bertocchini
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas-Margarita Salas (CIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Darwish H, Alharthi S, Mehanna RA, Ibrahim SS, Fawzy MA, Alotaibi SS, Albogami SM, Albogami B, Hassan SHA, Noureldeen A. Evaluation of the Anti-Cancer Potential of Rosa damascena Mill. Callus Extracts against the Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cell Line. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196241. [PMID: 36234779 PMCID: PMC9572977 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is an aggressive form of chemical drug therapy aiming to destroy cancer cells. Adjuvant therapy may reduce hazards of chemotherapy and help in destroying these cells when obtained from natural products, such as medical plants. In this study, the potential therapeutic effect of Rosa damascena callus crude extract produced in vitamin-enhanced media is investigated on colorectal cancer cell line Caco-2. Two elicitors, i.e., L-ascorbic acid and citric acid at a concentration of 0.5 g/L were added to the callus induction medium. Callus extraction and the GC–MS analysis of methanolic crude extracts were also determined. Cytotoxicity, clonogenicity, proliferation and migration of Caco-2 colorectal cancer cells were investigated using MTT cytotoxicity, colony-forming, Ki-67 flow cytometry proliferation and Migration Scratch assays, respectively. Our results indicated that L-ascorbic acid treatment enhanced callus growth parameters and improved secondary metabolite contents. It showed the least IC50 value of 137 ug/mL compared to 237 ug/mL and 180 ug/mL in the citric acid-treated and control group. We can conclude that R. damascena callus elicited by L-ascorbic acid improved growth and secondary metabolite contents as well as having an efficient antiproliferative, anti-clonogenic and anti-migratory effect on Caco-2 cancer cells, thus, can be used as an adjuvant anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer Darwish
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-55-621-4209
| | - Sarah Alharthi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Radwa A. Mehanna
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria P.O. 21544, Egypt
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications (CERRMA), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria P.O. 21544, Egypt
| | - Samar S. Ibrahim
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications (CERRMA), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria P.O. 21544, Egypt
| | - Mustafa A. Fawzy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saqer S. Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah M. Albogami
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bander Albogami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sedky H. A. Hassan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Ahmed Noureldeen
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Cross-Linked Lyotropic Liquid Crystal Particles Functionalized with Antimicrobial Peptides. Int J Pharm 2022; 627:122215. [PMID: 36152992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising alternatives to traditional antibiotics for addressing bacterial infections - including life-threatening antibiotic resistant infections. AMPs have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and show a low probability to induce resistance. However, the poor serum stability of AMPs has limited their usage in clinical treatment. To enable improved serum stability while maintaining high antibacterial effect of AMPs, this study describes a material wherein AMPs are covalently bonded to micro-sized particles of cross-linked lyotropic liquid crystals, formed by the self-assembly of the block copolymer Pluronic F-127. The liquid crystal particles were shown to have antibacterial effect corresponding to a 4 log reduction against Staphylococcus aureus. The particles were structurally and chemically analyzed by small angle X-ray scattering, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy, confirming that the liquid crystal structure was maintained within the particles with the AMPs covalently bonded. The bonding to the particles gave the AMPs improved stability in serum, as they retained almost all of the antibacterial potency for 2 days compared to free AMPs, which lost all of its antibacterial potency within a day. Furthermore, insight regarding mode of action was obtained by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, which showed the antimicrobial particles interacting with the surface of bacteria.
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18
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Dos Santos FF, Morais-Urano RP, Cunha WR, de Almeida SG, Cavallari PSDSR, Manuquian HA, Pereira HDA, Furtado R, Santos MFC, Amdrade E Silva ML. A review on the anti-inflammatory activities of Brazilian green, brown and red propolis. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14350. [PMID: 35880944 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Humanity has used propolis since ancient times, and its use as a food supplement has significantly increased. Several reports on propolis´ biological activity and toxicity have highlighted its anti-inflammatory properties, unlike many natural food supplements. This review addresses the anti-inflammatory roles of Brazilian green, brown, and red propolis produced by Apis mellifera, their extracts, isolated compounds, and their mode of action. Despite advances in anti-inflammatory therapies, the development of inflammatory processes in several diseases has been a concern for centuries. Demands for new anti-inflammatory drugs have led to studies on propolis products as diet components to treat and prevent inflammatory disorders. Brazilian green, brown, and red propolis are alternatives for obtaining extracts and compounds of valuable anti-inflammatory properties. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Currently, propolis is a food supplement, and to the best of our knowledge, several studies have shown that despite advances in anti-inflammatory therapies, the inflammatory process continues to be a significant concern. However, due to the demand for new anti-inflammatory drugs, propolis products as dietary components can be used to treat and prevent inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fransergio F Dos Santos
- Research Center in Exact and Technological Sciences, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel P Morais-Urano
- Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson R Cunha
- Research Center in Exact and Technological Sciences, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samarah G de Almeida
- Research Center in Exact and Technological Sciences, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Hallana A Manuquian
- Research Center in Exact and Technological Sciences, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henrique de A Pereira
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Center of Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Alto Universitário, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Furtado
- Research Center in Exact and Technological Sciences, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario F C Santos
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Center of Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo - UFES, Alto Universitário, Alegre, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Márcio L Amdrade E Silva
- Research Center in Exact and Technological Sciences, University of Franca, Franca, São Paulo, Brazil
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19
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Lawag IL, Lim LY, Joshi R, Hammer KA, Locher C. A Comprehensive Survey of Phenolic Constituents Reported in Monofloral Honeys around the Globe. Foods 2022; 11:foods11081152. [PMID: 35454742 PMCID: PMC9025093 DOI: 10.3390/foods11081152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the large variety of phenolic compounds that have to date been identified in a wide range of monofloral honeys found globally. The collated information is structured along several themes, including the botanical family and genus of the monofloral honeys for which phenolic constituents have been reported, the chemical classes the phenolic compounds can be attributed to, and the analytical method employed in compound determination as well as countries with a particular research focus on phenolic honey constituents. This review covers 130 research papers that detail the phenolic constituents of a total of 556 monofloral honeys. Based on the findings of this review, it can be concluded that most of these honeys belong to the Myrtaceae and Fabaceae families and that Robinia (Robinia pseudoacacia, Fabaceae), Manuka (Leptospermum scoparium, Myrtaceae), and Chestnut (Castanea sp., Fagaceae) honeys are to date the most studied honeys for phenolic compound determination. China, Italy, and Turkey are the major honey phenolic research hubs. To date, 161 individual phenolic compounds belonging to five major compound groups have been reported, with caffeic acid, gallic acid, ferulic acid and quercetin being the most widely reported among them. HPLC with photodiode array detection appears to be the most popular method for chemical structure identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Lozada Lawag
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP), University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (I.L.L.); (K.A.H.)
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Lee-Yong Lim
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Ranee Joshi
- Centre for Exploration Targeting, School of Earth Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Katherine A. Hammer
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP), University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (I.L.L.); (K.A.H.)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Cornelia Locher
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited (CRC HBP), University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; (I.L.L.); (K.A.H.)
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;
- Correspondence:
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20
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Česlová L, Pravcová K, Juričová M, Fischer J. Rapid HPLC/MS/MS analysis of phenolic content and profile for mead quality assessment. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Fouad S, El Gendy A, Monir R, Abdel-Wahhab KG, Shafei HF, Hegazi AG. Bee Products for Relieving Menopausal Symptoms. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: An overview of honey and other bee products and their health and biological health potentials was highlighted.
AIM: The aim of the study was to help females alleviate their menopausal symptoms, when estrogen hormone levels decrease at the end of their fertility phase of life using natural bee products.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Two groups of Egyptian women in the menopausal stage, suffering from different symptoms of menopause, participated as volunteers. Full clinical examination, Menopause Rating Scale, Beck anxiety score, and Beck depression score evaluations were recorded. Blood sampling and biochemical analysis were done including female sex hormones, and anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant markers. Participants consumed two tablespoon of the honey (32 ml) diluted in 250 ml of water once daily in the morning for 2 months. Control group received conventional clover honey while the other group consumed a calculated ratio of clover honey enriched with bee pollen, royal jelly, and bee gum.
RESULTS: Subjects with a mean age of 49.51 ± 0.82 years who consumed enriched clover honey had significant improvement in somatic, psychological, urogenital, and anxiety score assessment and depression score evaluation. Data from this study group showed that the women experienced the disappearance of hot flushes, night sweats, generalized body pain, and psychological symptoms such as irritability, anxiety, depression, and disturbed sleeping. As for biochemical parameters, estradiol, free testosterone, the antioxidant marker malondialdehyde (MDA), and the anti-inflammatory marker interleukin-6 (IL-6) significantly improved at the end of the study. While the control group had mean age of 48.24 ± 0.74 years, they experienced significant improvement of the somatic subscale, depression score, and MDA, and there was no significant effect on urogenital symptoms, anxiety score, IL-6, or any of the female sex hormones.
CONCLUSION: Adding Bee pollen, propolis, and royal jelly to the clover honey are more effective in slowing down menopausal symptoms.
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22
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BULUT EYÜBOĞLU G, SERİN KALAY T. THE EFFECTS OF SODIUM FLUORIDE, PROPOLIS, ER,CR:YSGG LASER AND THEIR COMBINATIONS ON DENTIN TUBULES AND SHEAR BOND STRENGTH TO DENTIN. CUMHURIYET DENTAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.7126/cumudj.1032878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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The effect of Ethanolic extract of Indonesian propolis on endothelial dysfunction and Multi Organ dysfunction syndrome in anthrax animal model. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:1118-1124. [PMID: 35197781 PMCID: PMC8847911 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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24
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Analytical methods for pesticide residues determination in propolis and propolis-based products. ACTA CHIMICA SLOVACA 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/acs-2022-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
As a result of massive bee deaths in recent years, beekeeping is raising concerns about the presence of pesticides in propolis which is considered as a safe product. The paper is focused on the analysis of bee propolis and propolis-based products using various chromatographic techniques using mass spectrometry detection predominantly. An important part of the work is an overview concerning methods of sample preparation, extraction, and purification of extracts, followed by separation and detection techniques. Positive findings of contaminants and their concentrations in propolis samples and propolis products were evaluated. Sorption based techniques such as matrix solid phase dispersion and solvent-based extraction techniques are frequently applied for propolis analysis in connection with chromatographic techniques. Liquid-based extractions, such as the QuEChERS extraction technique (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, Safe), combine extraction by solvent with several ways of extract cleaning using combinations of salts and sorbents, primary secondary amine, MgSO4, NaCl, graphitized carbon, EMR-lipid, florisil, or octadecylsilane-modified silica gel. Other extraction techniques were reviewed. The most significant problem to be considered in pesticides detection is the topic of matrix effects, which have to be solved for each sample analysis with special care.
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Luo X, Dong Y, Gu C, Zhang X, Ma H. Processing Technologies for Bee Products: An Overview of Recent Developments and Perspectives. Front Nutr 2021; 8:727181. [PMID: 34805239 PMCID: PMC8595947 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.727181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased demand for a more balanced, healthy, and safe diet has accelerated studies on natural bee products (including honey, bee bread, bee collected pollen royal jelly, propolis, beeswax, and bee venom) over the past decade. Advanced food processing techniques, such as ultrasonication and microwave and infrared (IR) irradiation, either has gained popularity as alternatives or combined with conventional processing techniques for diverse applications in apiculture products at laboratory or industrial scale. The processing techniques used for each bee products have comprehensively summarized in this review, including drying (traditional drying, infrared drying, microwave-assisted traditional drying or vacuum drying, and low temperature high velocity-assisted fluidized bed drying), storage, extraction, isolation, and identification; the assessment methods related to the quality control of bee products are also fully mentioned. The different processing techniques applied in bee products aim to provide more healthy active ingredients largely and effectively. Furthermore, improved the product quality with a shorter processing time and reduced operational cost are achieved using conventional or emerging processing techniques. This review will increase the positive ratings of the combined new processing techniques according to the needs of the bee products. The importance of the models for process optimization on a large scale is also emphasized in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Luo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yating Dong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chen Gu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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He C, Wu H, Lv Y, You H, Zha L, Li Q, Huang Y, Tian J, Chen Q, Shen Y, Xiong S, Xue F. Gastrointestinal Development and Microbiota Responses of Geese to Honeycomb Flavonoids Supplementation. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:739237. [PMID: 34733903 PMCID: PMC8558617 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.739237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Geese are conventionally considered to be herbivorous, which could also be raised with concentrate feeding diets without green grass because of the similar gastrointestinal tract with other poultry. However, the geese gut microbiota profiles and their interactions with epithelial cells are still of limited study. Flavonoids were well-documented to shape gut microbiota and promote epithelial barrier functions individually or cooperatively with other metabolites. Therefore, in the present study, honeycomb flavonoids (HF) were supplemented to investigate the effects on growth performances, intestinal development, and gut microbiome of geese. Material and Methods: A total of 400 1-day-old male lion-head geese with similar birth weight (82.6 ± 1.4 g) were randomly divided into five treatments: the control treatment (CON) and the HF supplementation treatments, HF was supplemented arithmetically to increase from 0.25 to 1%. Growth performance, carcass performances, and intestines' development parameters were measured to determine the optimum supplement. Junction proteins including ZO-1 and ZO-2 and cecal microbiota were investigated to demonstrate the regulatory effects of HF on both microbiota and intestinal epithelium. Results: Results showed that 0.5% of HF supplement had superior growth performance, carcass performance, and the total parameters of gastrointestinal development to other treatments. Further research showed that tight junction proteins including ZO-1 and ZO-2 significantly up-regulated, while Firmicutes and some probiotics including Clostridiales, Streptococcus, Lachnoclostridium, and Bifidobacterium, remarkably proliferated after HF supplement. In conclusion, HF supplement in concentrate-diet feeding geese effectively increased the growth performances by regulating the gut microbiota to increase the probiotic abundance to promote the nutrient digestibility and fortify the epithelial development and barrier functions to facilitate the nutrient absorption and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxin He
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huadong Wu
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaning Lv
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongnan You
- School of Foreign Language, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liqing Zha
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qin Li
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yani Huang
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jinghong Tian
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiuchun Chen
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yiwen Shen
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shiyuan Xiong
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fuguang Xue
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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27
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Rechek H, Haouat A, Hamaidia K, Allal H, Boudiar T, Pinto DCGA, Cardoso SM, Bensouici C, Soltani N, Silva AMS. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of an Endemic Species from Southern Algeria: Warionia saharae. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175257. [PMID: 34500690 PMCID: PMC8434534 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Warionia saharae Benth. & Coss. (Asteraceae) is an endemic species of North Africa naturally grown in the southwest of the Algerian Sahara. In the present study, this species’ hydromethanolic leaf extract was investigated for its phenolic profile characterized by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector and an electrospray mass spectrometer (UHPLC-DAD-ESI/MS). Additionally, the chemical composition of W. saharae was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and its antioxidant potential was assessed through five in vitro tests: DPPH● scavenging activity, ABTS●+ scavenging assay, galvinoxyl scavenging activity, ferric reducing power (FRP), and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity. The UHPLC-DAD-ESI/MS analysis allowed the detection and quantification of 22 compounds, with taxifolin as the dominant compound. The GC–MS analysis allowed the identification of 37 compounds, and the antioxidant activity data indicate that W. saharae extract has a very high capacity to capture radicals due to its richness in compounds with antioxidant capacity. The extract also showed potent α-glucosidase inhibition as well as a good anti-inflammatory activity. However, weak anti-α-amylase and anticholinesterase activities were recorded. Moreover, an in silico docking study was performed to highlight possible interactions between three significant compounds identified in W. saharae extract and α-glucosidase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habiba Rechek
- Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, Mohamed Cherif Messaadia University, Souk-Ahras 41000, Algeria;
- Department of Biology of Organisms, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, University of Batna 2, Mostefa Ben Boulaid, Batna 05078, Algeria
- LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Ammar Haouat
- Unité de Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyse Physicochimiques et Biologiques (VARENBIOMOL), Université des Frères Mentouri, Constantine 25000, Algeria;
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, University of Oued Souf, Oued Souf 39000, Algeria
| | - Kaouther Hamaidia
- Faculty of Sciences of Nature and Life, Mohamed Cherif Messaadia University, Souk-Ahras 41000, Algeria;
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba 23000, Algeria;
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (D.C.G.A.P.); (A.M.S.S.); Tel.: +213-66-509-5858 (K.H.); +351-234-401407 (D.C.G.A.P.); +351-234-370714 (A.M.S.S.)
| | - Hamza Allal
- Department of Technology, Faculty of Technology, 20 August 1955 Skikda University, Skikda 21000, Algeria;
| | - Tarek Boudiar
- Centre de Recherche en Biotechnologie, Ali Mendjli Nouvelle Ville UV 03, Constantine 25000, Algeria; (T.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Diana C. G. A. Pinto
- LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (D.C.G.A.P.); (A.M.S.S.); Tel.: +213-66-509-5858 (K.H.); +351-234-401407 (D.C.G.A.P.); +351-234-370714 (A.M.S.S.)
| | - Susana M. Cardoso
- LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Chawki Bensouici
- Centre de Recherche en Biotechnologie, Ali Mendjli Nouvelle Ville UV 03, Constantine 25000, Algeria; (T.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Noureddine Soltani
- Laboratory of Applied Animal Biology, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba 23000, Algeria;
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (D.C.G.A.P.); (A.M.S.S.); Tel.: +213-66-509-5858 (K.H.); +351-234-401407 (D.C.G.A.P.); +351-234-370714 (A.M.S.S.)
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Suleiman JB, Mohamed M, Abu Bakar AB, Nna VU, Zakaria Z, Othman ZA, Aroyehun AB. Chemical Profile, Antioxidant Properties and Antimicrobial Activities of Malaysian Heterotrigona itama Bee Bread. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164943. [PMID: 34443531 PMCID: PMC8399440 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the chemical profile, antioxidant properties and antimicrobial activities of Heterotrigona itama bee bread from Malaysia. The pH, presence of phytochemicals, antioxidant properties, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), as well as antimicrobial activities, were assessed. Results revealed a decrease in the pH of bee bread water extract (BBW) relative to bee bread ethanolic extract (BBE) and bee bread hot water extract (BBH). Further, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, resins, glycosides and xanthoproteins were detected in BBW, BBH and BBE. Also, significant decreases in TPC, TFC, DPPH activity and FRAP were detected in BBW relative to BBH and BBE. We detected phenolic acids such as gallic acid, caffeic acid, trans-ferulic acid, trans 3-hydroxycinnamic acid and 2-hydroxycinnamic acid, and flavonoids such as quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin and mangiferin in BBE using high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The strongest antimicrobial activity was observed in Klebsilla pneumonia (MIC50 1.914 µg/mL), followed by E. coli (MIC50 1.923 µg/mL), Shigella (MIC50 1.813 µg/mL) and Salmonella typhi (MIC50 1.617 µg/mL). Bee bread samples possess antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Bee bread contains phenolic acids and flavonoids, and could be beneficial in the management and treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Bagi Suleiman
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (J.B.S.); (A.B.A.B.); (Z.Z.); (Z.A.O.)
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana P.M.B. 1007, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Mahaneem Mohamed
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (J.B.S.); (A.B.A.B.); (Z.Z.); (Z.A.O.)
- Unit of Integrative Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| | - Ainul Bahiyah Abu Bakar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (J.B.S.); (A.B.A.B.); (Z.Z.); (Z.A.O.)
| | - Victor Udo Nna
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar P.M.B. 1115, Cross River State, Nigeria;
| | - Zaida Zakaria
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (J.B.S.); (A.B.A.B.); (Z.Z.); (Z.A.O.)
| | - Zaidatul Akmal Othman
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (J.B.S.); (A.B.A.B.); (Z.Z.); (Z.A.O.)
- Unit of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu 20400, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Abdulqudus Bola Aroyehun
- Nutrition and Dietetics Program, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
- Clinical Nutrition, The Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Scotland AB24 3FX, UK
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Lima ABSD, Batista AS, Santos MRC, Rocha RDSD, Silva MVD, Ferrão SPB, Almeida VVSD, Santos LS. Spectroscopy NIR and MIR toward predicting simultaneous phenolic contents and antioxidant in red propolis by multivariate analysis. Food Chem 2021; 367:130744. [PMID: 34384977 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Conventional methods for determining phenolics and their bioactive properties are expensive, time-consuming, and laborious. This hinders the quality control of red propolis, recognized for having different types of phenolic constituents with different bioactive properties, for example, its antioxidant properties. In this sense, we present a new application of near and medium infrared spectroscopy to predict phenolic constituents, total flavonoids, gallic acid, kaempferol, pyrocatechin, quercetin, and different antioxidant tests (DPPH radical, reducing power and protection of the β-carotene: linoleic acid system) of red propolis using chemometry. The optimized models showed good predictive capacity with a minimum correlation coefficient of 0.70, low associated error, and figures of merit that indicate the good predictive capacity in the validation of the models. These data show infrared spectroscopy as efficient to simultaneously predict nine quality analyzes of red propolis quickly and simply. This also avoids tedious procedures for traditional chromatographic and spectrophotometric tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Beatriz Sales de Lima
- Departamento de Tecnologia Rural e Animal, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Praça Primavera - 40, Bairro Primavera, 45700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil
| | - Acsa Santos Batista
- Departamento de Tecnologia Rural e Animal, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Praça Primavera - 40, Bairro Primavera, 45700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil
| | - Mariana Romana Correia Santos
- Departamento de Tecnologia Rural e Animal, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Praça Primavera - 40, Bairro Primavera, 45700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil
| | - Renata de Souza da Rocha
- Departamento de Tecnologia Rural e Animal, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Praça Primavera - 40, Bairro Primavera, 45700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil
| | - Marcondes Viana da Silva
- Departamento de Tecnologia Rural e Animal, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Praça Primavera - 40, Bairro Primavera, 45700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil
| | - Sibelli Passini Barbosa Ferrão
- Departamento de Tecnologia Rural e Animal, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Praça Primavera - 40, Bairro Primavera, 45700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Leandro Soares Santos
- Departamento de Tecnologia Rural e Animal, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Praça Primavera - 40, Bairro Primavera, 45700-000 Itapetinga, BA, Brazil.
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Christou A, Stavrou IJ, Kapnissi-Christodoulou CP. Combined use of β-cyclodextrin and ionic liquid as electrolyte additives in EKC for separation and determination of carob's phenolics-A study of the synergistic effect. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:1945-1955. [PMID: 34240758 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a simple, reliable, and fast capillary electrophoretic method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of 12 polyphenolic compounds, the most frequently found in carob's pulp and seeds. The present work deals with the development of a novel dual electrophoretic system based on the combined use of β-CD and ionic liquid (IL) as buffer additives. A baseline separation of the target analytes was achieved in less than 10 min by using a BGE consisting of 35 mM borate along with 15 mM β-CD and 3 mM l-alanine tert butyl ester lactate (l-AlaC4 Lac) IL as buffer additives at pH 9.5, a temperature of 25°C, and an applied voltage of 30 kV. The application of the developed electrophoretic method to real samples enabled the identification and quantification of the main phenolic constituents of both ripe and unripe carob pulp extracts. The results revealed the predominance of gallic acid in both ripe (183.92 μg/g carob pulp) and unripe (205.10 μg/g carob pulp) carob pulp and highlighted the great influence of the ripening stage on carobs polyphenolic composition, with unripe pods being more enriched in polyphenols (total phenolics detected: 912.58 and 283.13 μg/g unripe and ripe carob pulp).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ioannis J Stavrou
- Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Promising Antimicrobial Properties of Bioactive Compounds from Different Honeybee Products. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26134007. [PMID: 34209107 PMCID: PMC8272120 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26134007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bee products have been known for centuries for their versatile healing properties. In recent decades they have become the subject of documented scientific research. This review aims to present and compare the impact of bee products and their components as antimicrobial agents. Honey, propolis, royal jelly and bee venom are bee products that have antibacterial properties. Sensitivity of bacteria to these products varies considerably between products and varieties of the same product depending on their origin. According to the type of bee product, different degrees of activity were observed against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts, molds and dermatophytes, as well as biofilm-forming microorganisms. Pseudomonas aeruginosa turned out to be the most resistant to bee products. An analysis of average minimum inhibitory concentration values for bee products showed that bee venom has the strongest bacterial effectiveness, while royal jelly showed the weakest antibacterial activity. The most challenging problems associated with using bee products for medical purposes are dosage and safety. The complexity and variability in composition of these products raise the need for their standardization before safe and predictable clinical uses can be achieved.
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Arshad N'A, Lin TS, Yahaya MF. Stingless Bee Honey Reduces Anxiety and Improves Memory of the Metabolic Disease-induced Rats. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2021; 19:115-126. [PMID: 31957619 DOI: 10.2174/1871527319666200117105133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scientific studies support the evidence of the involvement of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases through oxidative stress. Consumption of antioxidant compounds was found to be beneficial for brain-health as it reduced the brain oxidative stress level and improved cognitive performance in animals. Stingless bee honey or locally known as Kelulut Honey (KH) has high phenolic content and is widely used as a food supplement. OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of KH on the brain of MetS-induced rats. METHODS Forty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups; 8 weeks (C8) and 16 weeks control groups (C16), groups that received High-Carbohydrate High Fructose (HCHF) diet for 8 weeks (MS8) and 16 weeks (MS16), and a group that received HCHF for 16 weeks with KH supplemented for the last 35 days (KH). RESULTS Serum fasting blood glucose decreased in the KH group compared to the MS16 group. HDL levels were significantly decreased in MetS groups compared to control groups. Open field experiments showed that KH group exhibits less anxious behavior compared to the MetS group. Probe trial of Morris water maze demonstrated significant memory retention of KH group compared to the MS16 group. Nissl staining showed a significant decrease in the pyramidal hippocampal cells in the MS16 compared to the KH group. CONCLUSION KH has the ability to normalise blood glucose and reduce serum triglyceride and LDL levels in MetS rats, while behavior studies complement its effect on anxiety and memory. This shows a promising role of KH in attenuating neurodegenerative diseases through the antioxidant activity of its polyphenolic content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul 'Ain Arshad
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,School of Nursing, Faculty of Engineering, Science & Technology, Nilai University, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Teoh Seong Lin
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Fairuz Yahaya
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Zaid SSM, Ruslee SS, Mokhtar MH. Protective Roles of Honey in Reproductive Health: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113322. [PMID: 34205972 PMCID: PMC8197897 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, most people who lead healthy lifestyles tend to use natural products as supplements, complementary medicine or alternative treatments. Honey is God's precious gift to mankind. Honey has been highly appreciated and extensively used since ancient history due to its high nutritional and therapeutic values. It is also known to enhance fertility. In the last few decades, the important role of honey in modern medicine has been acknowledged due to the large body of convincing evidence derived from extensive laboratory studies and clinical investigations. Honey has a highly complex chemical and biological composition that consists of various essential bioactive compounds, enzymes, amino and organic acids, acid phosphorylase, phytochemicals, carotenoid-like substances, vitamins and minerals. Reproductive health and fertility rates have declined in the last 30 years. Therefore, this review aimed to highlight the protective role of honey as a potential therapeutic in maintaining reproductive health. The main role of honey is to enhance fertility and treat infertility problems by acting as an alternative to hormone replacement therapy for protecting the vagina and uterus from atrophy, protecting against the toxic effects of xeno-oestrogenic agents on female reproductive functions and helping in the treatment of gynaecological disorders, such as vulvovaginal candidiasis infection, that affect women's lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Sarah Mohamad Zaid
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-9769-6742
| | - Siti Suraya Ruslee
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Mohd Helmy Mokhtar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
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Koulis GA, Tsagkaris AS, Aalizadeh R, Dasenaki ME, Panagopoulou EI, Drivelos S, Halagarda M, Georgiou CA, Proestos C, Thomaidis NS. Honey Phenolic Compound Profiling and Authenticity Assessment Using HRMS Targeted and Untargeted Metabolomics. Molecules 2021; 26:2769. [PMID: 34066694 PMCID: PMC8125859 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey consumption is attributed to potentially advantageous effects on human health due to its antioxidant capacity as well as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity, which are mainly related to phenolic compound content. Phenolic compounds are secondary metabolites of plants, and their content in honey is primarily affected by the botanical and geographical origin. In this study, a high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) method was applied to determine the phenolic profile of various honey matrices and investigate authenticity markers. A fruitful sample set was collected, including honey from 10 different botanical sources (n = 51) originating from Greece and Poland. Generic liquid-liquid extraction using ethyl acetate as the extractant was used to apply targeted and non-targeted workflows simultaneously. The method was fully validated according to the Eurachem guidelines, and it demonstrated high accuracy, precision, and sensitivity resulting in the detection of 11 target analytes in the samples. Suspect screening identified 16 bioactive compounds in at least one sample, with abscisic acid isomers being the most abundant in arbutus honey. Importantly, 10 markers related to honey geographical origin were revealed through non-targeted screening and the application of advanced chemometric tools. In conclusion, authenticity markers and discrimination patterns were emerged using targeted and non-targeted workflows, indicating the impact of this study on food authenticity and metabolomic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios A. Koulis
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (G.A.K.); (A.S.T.); (R.A.); (E.I.P.); (N.S.T.)
- Food Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Aristeidis S. Tsagkaris
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (G.A.K.); (A.S.T.); (R.A.); (E.I.P.); (N.S.T.)
- Department of Food Analysis and Nutrition, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague 6—Dejvice, 16628 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Reza Aalizadeh
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (G.A.K.); (A.S.T.); (R.A.); (E.I.P.); (N.S.T.)
| | - Marilena E. Dasenaki
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (G.A.K.); (A.S.T.); (R.A.); (E.I.P.); (N.S.T.)
- Food Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Eleni I. Panagopoulou
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (G.A.K.); (A.S.T.); (R.A.); (E.I.P.); (N.S.T.)
| | - Spyros Drivelos
- Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece; (S.D.); (C.A.G.)
| | - Michał Halagarda
- Department of Food Product Quality, Cracow University of Economics, ul. Sienkiewicza 5, 30033 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Constantinos A. Georgiou
- Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece; (S.D.); (C.A.G.)
| | - Charalampos Proestos
- Food Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos S. Thomaidis
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zographou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (G.A.K.); (A.S.T.); (R.A.); (E.I.P.); (N.S.T.)
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Paulo F, Paula V, Estevinho LM, Santos L. Propolis microencapsulation by double emulsion solvent evaporation approach: Comparison of different polymeric matrices and extract to polymer ratio. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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36
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Larkem I, Tarai N, Benchikha N, Messaoudi M, Begaa S, Martins M, Silva AMS, Pinto DCGA. Chemical profile and antioxidant activity of
Sesbania
bispinosa
(Jacq.) W. Wight aerial parts and seeds extracts. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imene Larkem
- Laboratory of Diversity of Ecosystems and Dynamics of Agricultural Production Systems in Arid Zones, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Nature and Life Science Biskra University Biskra Algeria
| | - Nacer Tarai
- Laboratory of Diversity of Ecosystems and Dynamics of Agricultural Production Systems in Arid Zones, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Nature and Life Science Biskra University Biskra Algeria
| | - Naima Benchikha
- Chemistry Department University of Hamma Lakhdar El‐Oued Algeria
| | - Mohammed Messaoudi
- Chemistry Department University of Hamma Lakhdar El‐Oued Algeria
- Reactor Chemistry Department Nuclear Research Centre of Birine Djelfa Algeria
| | - Samir Begaa
- Reactor Chemistry Department Nuclear Research Centre of Birine Djelfa Algeria
| | - Miguel Martins
- Environment Department, School of Agriculture University of Lisbon (ISA) (Instituto Superior de Agronomia) Lisbon Portugal
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- LAQV‐REQUIMTE and Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
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Rapid analysis of phenyl isothiocyanate derivatives of amino acids present in Czech meads. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1644:462134. [PMID: 33848765 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids (AAs) are minor compounds occurring in meads contributing to their final organoleptic properties. Determination of AAs profile and content can help to assess the mead authenticity, adulteration and thus its quality. This work deals with the optimization of rapid analysis of 21 AAs present in mead using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography with spectrophotometric detection after simple derivatization procedure with phenyl isothiocyanate agent without any sample pre-treatment. Optimized derivatization and separation conditions have been successfully applied to the quantification of AAs present in five Czech meads using the multiple point standard addition method. The total amino acid content was in the range of 134-828 mg/L. The content of proline was confirmed by Harmonised spectrophotometric method. Both chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods provided overlapping results in the range of 30-266 mg/L.
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Bozkuş TN, Değer O, Yaşar A. Chemical characterization of water and ethanolic extracts of Turkish propolis by HPLC-DAD and GC-MS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2021.1883648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Nigar Bozkuş
- Laboratory Technology Program, Artvin Vocational School, Artvin Coruh University, Artvin, Turkey
| | - Orhan Değer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yaşar
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
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Rossi M, Marrazzo P. The Potential of Honeybee Products for Biomaterial Applications. Biomimetics (Basel) 2021; 6:biomimetics6010006. [PMID: 33467429 PMCID: PMC7838782 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics6010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of biomaterials required continuous improvements in their properties for new tissue engineering applications. Implants based on biocompatible materials and biomaterial-based dressings are susceptible to infection threat; moreover, target tissues can suffer injuring inflammation. The inclusion of nature-derived bioactive compounds usually offers a suitable strategy to expand or increase the functional properties of biomaterial scaffolds and can even promote tissue healing. Honey is traditionally known for its healing property and is a mixture of phytochemicals that have a proven reputation as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant agents. This review discusses on the potential of honey and other honeybee products for biomaterial improvements. Our study illustrates the available and most recent literature reporting the use of these natural products combined with different polymeric scaffolds, to provide original insights in wound healing and other tissue regenerative approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Pasquale Marrazzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Manjula S, Srinivas S, Gujjari A, Kenganora M, Rudraswamy S, Ravi MB. Analysis of antimicrobial activity of Karnataka propolis against oral pathogens – An in vitro study. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2021; 25:449-456. [PMID: 35281136 PMCID: PMC8859580 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_285_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Propolis, a natural antibiotic, which is in high demand in dentistry is a resinous substance. The main ingredient of propolis that is required for antibiotic effect is flavonoids and phenolic acids. Although propolis is a promising option for the control of oral microbes with lower related hazards and a good immunomodulator effect, its composition differs considerably depending on its botanical origin, the site and the season of collection. This original research aims to find the chemical composition and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of propolis procured from different places of Karnataka state. The results would help the dentist and the pharmacist to select the best propolis to use as antibiotics in treating oral disease. Materials and Methods: Propolis sample from 5 different locations of Karnataka was procured from single apiary in Bangalore. Extraction of propolis using two different extracting solvents was carried out. The total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and MIC of each sample were analyzed. Results: Water extract propolis of Sullia and Hubli was highly active against tested organism with the MIC <0.312; alcohol extract of Sullia, Hubli and Chitradurga was moderately active with the MIC between 0.312 and 5 mg/ml. Vijayapura and Bagalkot were least active with the MIC >5 mg/ml at tested concentration. Conclusion: Propolis procured from different locations of Karnataka can be used as an antimicrobial agent with varying concentrations. However, when propolis is procured for therapeutic purpose, then it needs to be tested for its chemical composition before being utilized.
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41
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Demir S, Timucin Atayoglu A, Galeotti F, Garzarella EU, Zaccaria V, Volpi N, Karagoz A, Sahin F. Antiviral activity of different extracts of standardized propolis preparations against HSV. Antivir Ther 2021; 25:353-363. [DOI: 10.3851/imp3383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Rivera-Yañez N, Rivera-Yañez CR, Pozo-Molina G, Méndez-Catalá CF, Méndez-Cruz AR, Nieto-Yañez O. Biomedical Properties of Propolis on Diverse Chronic Diseases and Its Potential Applications and Health Benefits. Nutrients 2020; 13:E78. [PMID: 33383693 PMCID: PMC7823938 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of alternative medicine products has increased tremendously in recent decades and it is estimated that approximately 80% of patients globally depend on them for some part of their primary health care. Propolis is a beekeeping product widely used in alternative medicine. It is a natural resinous product that bees collect from various plants and mix with beeswax and salivary enzymes and comprises a complex mixture of compounds. Various biomedical properties of propolis have been studied and reported in infectious and non-infectious diseases. However, the pharmacological activity and chemical composition of propolis is highly variable depending on its geographical origin, so it is important to describe and study the biomedical properties of propolis from different geographic regions. A number of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, and cancer, are the leading causes of global mortality, generating significant economic losses in many countries. In this review, we focus on compiling relevant information about propolis research related to diabetes, obesity, and cancer. The study of propolis could generate both new and accessible alternatives for the treatment of various diseases and will help to effectively evaluate the safety of its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly Rivera-Yañez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México 54090, Mexico; (N.R.-Y.); (C.R.R.-Y.)
| | - C. Rebeca Rivera-Yañez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México 54090, Mexico; (N.R.-Y.); (C.R.R.-Y.)
| | - Glustein Pozo-Molina
- Laboratorio de Genética y Oncología Molecular, Laboratorio 5, Edificio A4, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México 54090, Mexico; (G.P.-M.); (C.F.M.-C.)
| | - Claudia F. Méndez-Catalá
- Laboratorio de Genética y Oncología Molecular, Laboratorio 5, Edificio A4, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México 54090, Mexico; (G.P.-M.); (C.F.M.-C.)
| | - Adolfo R. Méndez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Unidad de Morfofisiología y Función, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México 54090, Mexico;
| | - Oscar Nieto-Yañez
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México 54090, Mexico
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43
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Galgowski C, Pavanelo Frare S, Rau M, Debiase Alberton M, Althoff S, Guedes A, Mendes de Cordova CM. Mollicute Anti-Adhesive and Growth Inhibition Properties of the Methanolic Extract of Propolis from the Brazilian Native Bee Melipona quadrifasciata. Chem Biodivers 2020; 18:e2000711. [PMID: 33200537 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hydroalcoholic propolis extracts from the bee species Melipona quadrifasciata have been shown to possess antimicrobial activity against different mollicute strains, but a methanolic extract (ME) could contain an increased diversity of nonpolar bioactive components with a potentially higher antimicrobial activity. The ME obtained by maceration of the propolis sample was fractionated with solvents of different polarities and then, purified by silica gel column chromatography through biomonitoring of its antimicrobial activity against mollicute strains. Analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) enabled the identification of compounds using the NIST library. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the samples were determined by broth microdilution. Anti-adhesive assays were performed with Mycoplasma pneumoniae cells. The hexane (MIC=62.5 mg/L) and dichloromethane (MIC=125 mg/L) fractions presented the most promising results against M. pneumoniae. They were fractionated into 74 subfractions, and even the best ones did not show better results (MIC>250 mg/L) than their original fractions, likely due to the loss of terpene compounds that seem to act in synergy. The dichloromethane subfraction FD4 was highlighted in the anti-adhesive assay with an inhibitory activity of 21.6 %. A synergistic effect of the nonpolar compounds in M. quadrifasciata propolis may be responsible for its antibacterial activity, but several purified components can improve its anti-adhesive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Galgowski
- Graduation Program in Chemistry, University of Blumenau, Rua Antonio da Veiga 140, 89030-903, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Sara Pavanelo Frare
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Blumenau, Rua São Paulo 2171, Campus 3, 89030-001, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Martinho Rau
- Graduation Program in Chemistry, University of Blumenau, Rua Antonio da Veiga 140, 89030-903, Blumenau, SC, Brazil.,Department of Chemistry, University of Blumenau, Rua Antonio da Veiga 140, 89030-903, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Michele Debiase Alberton
- Graduation Program in Chemistry, University of Blumenau, Rua Antonio da Veiga 140, 89030-903, Blumenau, SC, Brazil.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Blumenau, Rua São Paulo 2171, Campus 3, 89030-001, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Althoff
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Blumenau, Rua Antonio da Veiga 140, 89030-903, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Guedes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Blumenau, Rua São Paulo 2171, Campus 3, 89030-001, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Caio Mauricio Mendes de Cordova
- Graduation Program in Chemistry, University of Blumenau, Rua Antonio da Veiga 140, 89030-903, Blumenau, SC, Brazil.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Blumenau, Rua São Paulo 2171, Campus 3, 89030-001, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
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Rojczyk E, Klama-Baryła A, Łabuś W, Wilemska-Kucharzewska K, Kucharzewski M. Historical and modern research on propolis and its application in wound healing and other fields of medicine and contributions by Polish studies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 262:113159. [PMID: 32736052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The history of medical application of propolis (also known as bee glue) dates back to the times of ancient Greeks, Romans, Persians and Egyptians. Honey and other bee products, including propolis, occupy an important place in Polish folk medicine. Scientific research on propolis in Poland began in the early 1960s in Zabrze and continues until now. AIM OF THE REVIEW The aim of this review is to provide an overview of information on Polish research on propolis and its medical application with particular emphasis on studies concerning wound healing. Consequently, our goal is also to shed a new light on therapeutic potential of Polish propolis in order to support future research in the field. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review of scientific literature on propolis and its medical application was performed by using the literature databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar). We paid special attention to papers describing the effect of propolis on skin wound healing as well as to Polish contribution to research on propolis. RESULTS Professor Stan Scheller was the first Polish scientist dealing with propolis and its medical potential. His legacy was continued by several research teams that studied the topic in various aspects. They analyzed propolis composition, its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiapoptotic and anticancer properties as well as its application in dentistry and wound treatment. Burn wound healing physiology after propolis administration was thoroughly studied on pig model, whereas research on patients proved the efficacy of propolis in chronic venous leg ulcer treatment. CONCLUSION Polish scientists have made a significant contribution to the research on propolis, its biological properties and influence on wound healing. Propolis ointments can effectively accelerate the healing process and improve healing physiology, so they can be recommended as a promising topical medication for wound treatment in the future clinical and preclinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Rojczyk
- Department of Descriptive and Topographic Anatomy, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana Street, 41-808, Zabrze, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Klama-Baryła
- The Burn Centre of Stanisław Sakiel, 2 Jana Pawła II Street, 41-100, Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Łabuś
- The Burn Centre of Stanisław Sakiel, 2 Jana Pawła II Street, 41-100, Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Wilemska-Kucharzewska
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, 7 Żeromskiego Street, 41-902, Bytom, Poland.
| | - Marek Kucharzewski
- Department of Descriptive and Topographic Anatomy, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 19 Jordana Street, 41-808, Zabrze, Poland; The Burn Centre of Stanisław Sakiel, 2 Jana Pawła II Street, 41-100, Siemianowice Śląskie, Poland.
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González-Ceballos L, Cavia MDM, Fernández-Muiño MA, Osés SM, Sancho MT, Ibeas S, García FC, García JM, Vallejos S. A simple one-pot determination of both total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of honey by polymer chemosensors. Food Chem 2020; 342:128300. [PMID: 33060001 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a new method for the rapid (2 h) and inexpensive (materials cost < 0.02 €/sample) "2-in-1" determination of the total phenolic content (TPC) and the antioxidant activity (AOX) in honey samples. The method is based on hydrophilic colorimetric films with diazonium groups, which react with phenols rendering highly colored azo groups. The TPC of the sample is correlated to its trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). The intensity of the color allows us to determine both TPC and TEAC of the sample by the analysis of a picture taken with a smartphone that is analysed by the use of the color-definition-parameters (RGB). The controlled light conditions and the systematic use of the same camera avoid the periodical calibration of the system improving the efficiency of the method. Thus, it is a simple method carried out by non-specialized personnel and it involves much lower money and time investment compared to traditional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara González-Ceballos
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Maria Del Mar Cavia
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Miguel A Fernández-Muiño
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Sandra M Osés
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - M Teresa Sancho
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Saturnino Ibeas
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Félix C García
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - José M García
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Saúl Vallejos
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
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Qiao J, Chen L, Kong L, Dong J, Zhou Z, Zhang H. Characteristic Components and Authenticity Evaluation of Rape, Acacia, and Linden Honey. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:9776-9788. [PMID: 32790307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Honey fraud has an extensive global magnitude and impacts both honey price and beekeeper viability. This study aimed at investigating the characteristic phytochemicals of rape, acacia, and linden honey to verify honey authenticity. We discovered methyl syringate, phaseic acid, and lindenin (4-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl) cyclohexa-1,3-diene-1-carboxylic acid) as particular or unique phytochemicals of rape, acacia, and linden honey. Methyl syringate and lindenin were the most abundant components in rape and linden honey; moreover, their average contents reached up to 10.44 and 21.25 mg/kg, respectively. The average content of phaseic acid was 0.63 mg/kg in acacia honey. To our knowledge, the presence of phaseic acid in honey is a novel finding. Furthermore, we established the HPLC fingerprints of three monofloral honeys. We offered assessment criteria and combined characteristic components with standard fingerprints to evaluate the authenticity of commercial rape, acacia, and linden honeys. For uncertain commercial honey samples, genuine pure honeys constituted nearly 70%. We differentiate the adulteration of acacia and linden honeys with low-price rape honey. Our results reveal that 10% of commercial honeys were pure syrups. Overall, we seem to propose a novel and reliable solution to assess the authenticity of monofloral honey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Qiao
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Lihong Chen
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Apicultural Science Association of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lingjie Kong
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Zhuoqiang Zhou
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Hongcheng Zhang
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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Gao Y, Xue A, Li X, Huang X, Ning F, Zhang X, Liu T, Chen H, Luo L. Analysis of chemical composition of nectars and honeys from Citrus by extractive electrospray ionization high resolution mass spectrometry. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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48
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Zhang XH, Ma YX, Yi C, Qing XD, Liu Z, Zheng JJ, Lin F, Lv TF. Chemometrics-enhanced HPLC–DAD as a rapid and interference-free strategy for simultaneous quantitative analysis of flavonoids in Chinese propolis. Eur Food Res Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-020-03543-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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49
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Composition of Royal Jelly (RJ) and Its Anti-Androgenic Effect on Reproductive Parameters in a Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Animal Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060499. [PMID: 32517356 PMCID: PMC7346114 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Royal jelly (RJ) has been shown to contribute its positive effects upon imbalance in the reproductive system. However, it remains unknown as to whether RJ has an anti-androgenic effect on reproductive parameters in a polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) animal model. Composition of RJ was assessed by phytochemical screening and the LC–MS method. Forty immature female rats (3 weeks, 40–50 g) were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8 per group), i.e., control, testosterone (T), T+100RJ (100 mg/kg/day), T+200RJ (200 mg/kg/day RJ), and T+400RJ (400 mg/kg/day RJ) groups. Hyperandrogenism was induced by daily subcutaneous injection of T propionate for 3 weeks, followed by oral RJ for 4 weeks. The T+200RJ group had a significantly higher follicle-stimulating hormone level, and significantly lower luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and estradiol levels in comparison to the T group. Malondialdehyde level and glutathione peroxidase activity were significantly lower, while total antioxidant capacity level was significantly higher in the T+200RJ group compared to the T group. Histologically, the T+200RJ group showed recovery of various stages of ovarian follicular development. RJ at 200 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks significantly improved reproductive parameters in PCOS rats partly due to its anti-androgenic effect through antioxidant action and probably due to modulation on estrogenic activity, which needs further study to evaluate its exact mechanism of action.
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Extraction, Antioxidant Capacity, 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibition, and Phytochemical Composition of Propolis from Eastern Canada. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102397. [PMID: 32455632 PMCID: PMC7287732 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Soxhlet (SE), microwave-assisted (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted (UAE) extraction were compared using ten extraction solvents for their efficiency to extract phenolic and flavonoid antioxidants from Eastern Canada propolis. Extracts were compared for total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) content, and radical scavenging activities. Anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) products biosynthesis in HEK293 cells was also evaluated. The results showed that SE extracts using polar solvents had the highest TPC and TFC. Extracts obtained with ethanol, methanol and acetone were effective free radical scavengers, and showed 5-LO inhibition similar to zileuton. UAE was an effective extraction method since the extracts obtained were comparable to those using SE and the MAE while being done at room temperature. With UAE, extracts of less polar solvents showed similar free radical scavenging and 5-LO inhibition to extracts of much more polar solvents such as methanol or ethanol. Reversed-phase liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry confirmed the presence of 21 natural compounds in the propolis extracts based on the comparison of intact mass, chromatographic retention time and fragmentation patterns derived from commercial analytical standards. The current study is the first of its kind to concurrently investigate solvent polarity as well as extraction techniques of propolis.
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