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Feng CH, Chang YM, Weng JR. Rapid methylation of valsartan in human plasma using evaporative derivatization reagent to improve its sensitivity in MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:3694-3701. [PMID: 36102878 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01164f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a rapid and low-solvent-consumption technique. However, almost every mass in the low mass-to-charge-ratio region of the mass spectrum appears as strongly fluctuating matrix background signals. Thus, it is difficult to identify small molecules using this technique. In this study, we used methanol to methylate valsartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker that is commonly used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. The methylation derivatization of valsartan enhanced the detection sensitivity and transformed the detection m/z ratio. The liquid-phase microextraction of valsartan in human plasma (20 μL) was achieved by acidifying valsartan with HCl aqueous solution and extracting it with toluene. An acetyl chloride/anhydrous methanol mixture was added for methylation derivatization, which was completed within 30 min at 30 °C. Finally, the residue was re-dissolved in irbesartan methanolic solution, which together with the matrix 2-mercaptobenzothiazole was spotted on an AnchorChip target plate for MALDI-TOF MS analysis. Liquid-phase microextraction was performed and the methylation-derivatization parameters were investigated. The valsartan calibration range was 0.2-10 μg mL-1 with good linearity in human plasma. In the within- and between-run analyses, the relative standard deviation and relative error were both <11.32%. This method was successfully applied to determine the valsartan concentration in the plasma of 10 patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hsien Feng
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Master Degree Program in Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Ming Chang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ru Weng
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
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2
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Photocatalytic Degradation Pathways of the Valsartan Drug by TiO2 and g-C3N4 Catalysts. REACTIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/reactions3010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The photocatalytic degradation of the valsartan (VLS) pharmaceutical using TiO2 and g-C3N4 catalysts under simulated solar light is studied in this paper by high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry. •OH radicals were the major oxidant species for the degradation of valsartan using TiO2, while positive holes (h+), followed by a much lesser amount of •OH radicals, were the major species in the case of g-C3N4. Valsartan degradation followed first order kinetics by both catalysts with TiO2 being the catalyst with the better photocatalytic efficiency. The transformation products (TPs) and their evolution profiles are identified and monitored, respectively, by means of LC-HRMS. Based on TPs identification, the degradation mechanisms are discussed. The major degradation pathways for g-C3N4 include decarboxylation and subsequent oxidation, hydroxylation, and cleavage of C–N bond, while for TiO2 cyclization, TPs are abundant and the hydroxylation occurs in the first stage products. The study highlights the complex nature of TPs formed during such processes, the different mechanisms involved and the necessity for the identification of TPs for the assessment of the treatment and the tracking of such TPs in different environmental compartments.
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Abstract
In the present study, the removal of valsartan (VLS), an antihypertensive agent, under simulated solar radiation with the use of molybdenum sulfide-bismuth oxychloride composites (MoS2/BiOCl), of variable MoS2 content (0.1–10.0 wt.%) was investigated. The physicochemical properties of the photocatalysts were examined by XRD, DRS, BET and TEM/HRTEM. Preliminary tests were conducted to examine the photocatalytic efficiency of the synthesized MoS2/BiOCl composites towards VLS degradation in ultrapure water (UPW). It was found that the activity of pure BiOCl is improved with the addition of MoS2. The degradation rate was maximized with the use of the catalyst containing 0.25 wt.% MoS2. It was also found that the increase in catalyst concentration (50–1000 mg/L) enhances VLS degradation. It was found that VLS removal decreased by increasing VLS concentration. The effect of the water matrix on VLS removal was studied by carrying out experiments in real and synthetic water matrices. VLS degradation in UPW was faster than in bottled water (BW) and wastewater (WW), mainly due to the existence of organic matter in real aqueous media. Lastly, 0.25 wt.% MoS2/BiOCl showed great stability after 360 min of irradiation, serving as a promising catalyst for water remediation of emerging contaminants under solar irradiation.
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Espinosa-Barrera PA, Delgado-Vargas CA, Martínez-Pachón D, Moncayo-Lasso A. Using computer tools for the evaluation of biodegradability, toxicity, and activity on the AT1 receptor of degradation products identified in the removal of valsartan by using photo-electro-Fenton process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:23984-23994. [PMID: 33405147 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11949-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work deals with the theoretical approach of biodegradability, lipophilicity, and physiological activity of VAL and four degradation products (DPs) detected after 20 min of the photo-electro-Fenton (PEF) process. The biodegradability calculation, taking into account the change in the theoretical oxygen demand, showed that the four DPs had a more negative value than VAL, indicating that they are more susceptible to oxidation. However, these results do not imply more accessible biotransformation pathways than VAL, as observed using the EAWAG-BBD program, through which neutral biotransformation pathway prediction for VAL and DPs was made. Subsequently, by calculating the theoretical lipophilicity of the molecules (log P), the theoretical toxicity of the DPs was proposed, where the DPs had log P values between 1 and 3, lower values than those of VAL (log P = 4), indicating that DPs could be less toxic than the original compound (VAL). Both results suggest that VAL degradation (by photo-electro-Fenton process proposed) yields a positive effect on the environment. Finally, when molecular dynamic simulations were carried out, it was observed that DP1, DP2, and DP3 maintained similar interactions to those of VAL with the binding site of the AT1R. DP4 did not show any interaction. These results indicated that, despite the presence of DPs, generated after 20 min of the treatment, they could not exert a physiological activity in any organism the same way that does VAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Andrea Espinosa-Barrera
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogota D.C., Colombia
| | - Carlos Andrés Delgado-Vargas
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogota D.C., Colombia
| | - Diana Martínez-Pachón
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogota D.C., Colombia.
| | - Alejandro Moncayo-Lasso
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Antonio Nariño, Bogota D.C., Colombia.
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Taherzadeh Ghahfarrokhi M, Zeinali S, Bagheri H. Preparation of amine-modified lignin and its applicability toward online micro-solid phase extraction of valsartan and losartan in urine samples. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1643:462081. [PMID: 33780883 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, with the focus on an environmentally-friendly approach, some gels were prepared by synthesizing amine-modified lignin, extracted from sugarcane bagasse, and further esterification and subsequent freeze-drying. These lignin-based gels were implemented as extractive phases in an online micro-solid phase extraction (μSPE) setup in conjunction with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detector. The developed method was used for analytical determination of valsartan and losartan in urine samples. To study the effect of the functionalization process, the efficiency of the unmodified lignin and the functionalized lignin were compared both in the absence and the presence of graphene oxide (GO), presumably as a suitable doping agent. Surprisingly, higher extraction efficiency for the functionalized lignin, compared to both unmodified lignin and GO was observed. The amination process for the prepared gel was analyzed and proved by CHNS elemental analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The morphology of sorbet was investigated via scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging and a nanoscale cauliflower feature was observed. The method was optimized and subsequently applied to the analysis of the urine samples. Limits of detection (LOD) of 8 and 6 µg L - 1, limits of quantification (LOQ) of 27 and 20 µg L - 1 and linear dynamic range (LDR) of 27-2000 and 20-2000 µg L - 1 with intraday relative standard deviations (RSD%) of 4 and 3% were obtained for valsartan and losartan, respectively. The whole online μSPE-HPLC setup was conveniently used for the analysis of a patient urine sample and a quantity of 352 μg L - 1 of losartan was found. Acceptable relative recoveries (109-108 and 95-94% for valsartan and losartan) revealed the analytical potential of the method for the determination of drugs in complex urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnoush Taherzadeh Ghahfarrokhi
- Environmental and Bio-Analytical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11365-9516, Tehran-Iran
| | - Shakiba Zeinali
- Environmental and Bio-Analytical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11365-9516, Tehran-Iran
| | - Habib Bagheri
- Environmental and Bio-Analytical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11365-9516, Tehran-Iran.
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Kachave RN, Yelmame SS, Mundhe AG. Quantitative estimation of cilnidipine and valsartan in rat plasma by RP-HPLC: its pharmacokinetic application. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cilnidipine (CLD) and valsartan (VAL) are antihypertensive agents used in the treatment of hypertension. So, pharmacokinetic study of CLD and VAL in rat plasma was carried out using chromatographic method. The chromatographic separation was performed on the Inertsil ODS column, using mobile phase methanol: water 85:15 v/v (pH 3.0) at the flow rate of 1.1 mL/min., detected at 254 nm.
Result
Cilnidipine (CLD) (1 mg/kg) and valsartan (VAL) (1 mg/kg) was administered orally in rats, and blood samples were collected at time intervals of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, and 24 h after dosing. The retention time of plasma, CLD, and VAL was found to be 2.7, 6.6, and 4.3 min, respectively. The result was validated statistically and by recovery studies. Linearity was acceptable in the range of 1–5 and 8–40 μg/mL for CLD and VAL, respectively. Maximal concentration (Cmax) of CLD and VAL was observed to be 338 ± 13.85 and 1282.21 ± 39.23 (ng/mL). The half-life of CLD and VAL was found to be 1.08 ± 0.21 and 1.43 ± 0.12 h, respectively.
Conclusion
The present method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of cilnidipine (CLD) and valsartan (VAL) in rat plasma after oral administration.
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de Leon-Diaz de Leon EA, Gordillo-Moscoso A, Medina Ú, Hernández ÁAV, Almendra-Pegueros R, Quijano JML. New Analytical Method for Simultaneous Analysis of Losartan and E-3174 by HPLC in Human Plasma: Application in Pharmaceutical Science. CURR ANAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411015666191209111221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Losartan, one of the most frequently used drugs in Heart Failure (HF)
treatment, could be modified for its bioavailability (BA) by generic formulations and other factors.
Hence, the importance of therapeutic drug monitoring.
Objective:
Development and validation of a simplified analytical method using HPLC for simultaneous
quantification of losartan and E-3174 in human plasma samples. The method was tested for determining
the pharmacokinetics parameters of HF patients.
Methods:
Analytical conditions were optimized using a C18 column (4.6 X 50 mm, 3 μm. Thermo
Scientific) at 25ºC. Conditions of mobile phase: a phosphate buffer (0.01M), adjusted to pH 2.5 with
phosphoric acid (1M) and Acetonitrile (60:40 v/v). The flow rate was maintained at 1.2 mL/min, on a
running time of 5 min and a sample injection volume of 50 μL. Absorbance for measurement of
losartan and E-3174 was 200 nm. Pharmacokinetics profiles were determined with Phoenix Win-
Nonlin 8.1 software in a non-compartmental model.
Results:
Analytical method developed and validated in this work is precise and accurate for simultaneous
determination of losartan and E-3174 in human plasma samples in a range of 0.02 -10 μg/mL.
In HF subjects, lower Tmax and higher Cmax for losartan and E-3174 patent than generic formulation
were observed, which can be translated into less biological effect and more time to present it by
the generic drug.
Conclusion:
The pharmacokinetic profile is dependent on the type of formulation studied (generic/
patent) hence the importance of conducting evaluations in our patients to ensure that the expected
therapeutic effect is achieved with treatment administered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Alejandro de Leon-Diaz de Leon
- Laboratorio de Investigacion Traslacional en Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, S.L.P., Mexico
| | - Antonio Gordillo-Moscoso
- Laboratorio de Investigacion Traslacional en Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, S.L.P., Mexico
| | - Úrsula Medina
- Laboratorio de Investigacion Traslacional en Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, S.L.P., Mexico
| | | | - Rafael Almendra-Pegueros
- Laboratorio de Investigacion Traslacional en Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, S.L.P., Mexico
| | - Juan M. López Quijano
- Departamento de Cardiologia, Hospital Central Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto, San Luis Potosi, S.L.P., Mexico
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Raji A, Pandiyaraj KN, Vasu D, Ramkumar MC, Deshmukh RR, Kandavelu V. Non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma assisted degradation of the pharmaceutical drug valsartan: influence of catalyst and degradation environment. RSC Adv 2020; 10:35709-35717. [PMID: 35517122 PMCID: PMC9056945 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05608a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper investigated the degradation of the pharmaceutical drug Valsartan (VS) using non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma (NEAPP) with various operating conditions. The heterogeneous photocatalyst ZnO nanoparticles (NP's) were synthesized using a hydrothermal process. The morphology, chemical composition and structure of as-synthesized ZnO NPs were examined by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Then, VS degradation was examined in three subsequent treatment conditions including plasma treatment alone, the combination of plasma with as-prepared ZnO NPs and various environments (air, oxygen and hydrogen peroxide) at fixed plasma operating potential and treatment time. The degradation efficiency of plasma-treated VS by various conditions was observed using UV-visible spectroscopy. Optical Emission Spectrometry (OES) was used to characterize the distribution and emission intensity of various reactive species (OH˙, N2-SPS and O) during the degradation processes which plays a vital role in the degradation of VS. The role of OH˙ and H2O2 during the degradation process was further examined by chemical dosimetry and spectroscopic techniques. Furthermore, pH, conductivity and TOC of the untreated and plasma-treated VS were also investigated. The results on the degradation of VS showed that plasma treatment combined with ZnO NP's has a significant effect on degradation of molecules of VS than degradation processes carried out by other experimental conditions due to the formation of higher concentrations of various reactive oxygen and nitrogen species during the degradation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Raji
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore 641062 India.,Research Division of Plasma Processing (RDPP), Department of Physics, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore 641062 India +91-9786452504
| | - K Navaneetha Pandiyaraj
- Research Division of Plasma Processing (RDPP), Department of Physics, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore 641062 India +91-9786452504
| | - D Vasu
- Research Division of Plasma Processing (RDPP), Department of Physics, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore 641062 India +91-9786452504
| | - M C Ramkumar
- Department of Physics, School of Basic Sciences, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies Chennai India
| | - R R Deshmukh
- Department of Physics, Institute of Chemical Technology Matunga Mumbai 400019 India
| | - V Kandavelu
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore 641062 India
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9
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Bandopadhyay S, Beg S, Katare OP, Sharma T, Singh B. Integrated Analytical Quality by Design (AQbD) Approach for the Development and Validation of Bioanalytical Liquid Chromatography Method for Estimation of Valsartan. J Chromatogr Sci 2020; 58:606-621. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmaa024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The present studies describe the systematic development and validation of a simple, rapid, sensitive and cost-effective reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic bioanalytical method for the estimation of valsartan in rat plasma employing analytical quality by design (AQbD) principles quality risk management was applied for identifying the critical method parameters (CMPs) and subsequently method optimization was performed employing Box–Behnken design by selecting mobile phase pH, flow rate and % organic modifier as the CMPs and evaluated for critical analytical attributes (CAAs) such as peak area, retention time, peak tailing and number of theoretical plates. The developed method was then transferred to bioanalysis, where liquid–liquid extraction process was used for separating the drug from rat plasma. The optimization of extraction process was performed with the help of face-centered cubic design by selecting centrifugation speed and centrifugation time as the CMPs for maximizing % recovery, signal-to-noise ratio and purity threshold of the drug peak after extraction as the CAAs. Optimum chromatographic solution was chosen by mathematical and graphical search techniques, and design space was demarcated. Validation studies performed for the developed method indicated linearity ranging between 5 and 100 ng.mL−1, whereas accuracy and precision study showed good percent recovery (99–102%) along with % relative standard deviation within ±2%. Sensitivity evaluation revealed limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be 0.76 ng.mL−1 and 2.29 ng.mL−1, respectively. In a nutshell, the present work demonstrates significant merits of AQbD approach for holistic process understanding and analytical method development and validation with enhanced robustness and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Bandopadhyay
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Sarwar Beg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - O P Katare
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Teenu Sharma
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160014, India
- UGC Centre of Excellence in Nano Applications (Biomedical Sciences), Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160014, India
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Palakurthi AK, Dongala T, Katakam LNR. QbD based development of HPLC method for simultaneous quantification of Telmisartan and Hydrochlorothiazide impurities in tablets dosage form. Pract Lab Med 2020; 21:e00169. [PMID: 32613068 PMCID: PMC7322094 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2020.e00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A simple reverse phase liquid chromatographic gradient method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of specified & un-specified impurities of Telmisartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in combination oral solid dosage forms. The developed method is effective to separate a total of sixteen (16) peaks and quantify eleven (11) specified impurities of Telmisartan and three (3) specified impurities of Hydrochlorothiazide with a minimum chromatographic resolution of 2.5. The separation was acquired with Inertsil ODS-3V, 150 × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μm column at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min-1 with the mobile phase-A consists of 0.02 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH of 3.5) and mobile phase-B consists of a mixture of Milli-Q water and acetonitrile (100: 900 v/v) respectively. The detection of impurities was carried out at 230 nm and column temperature was maintained at 40 °C. Further optimized chromatographic conditions were applied to design of experiments to find out the critical quality attributes and established the design space. The binary combination of drug product was subjected to the different stress conditions such as acid, base, oxidation, heat and photolysis as per the recommendations of international conference on harmonization (Q2). The degradation Product found in stress patterns are well separated among main analyte compounds. The method was validated to be specific, robust and rugged in terms of change of chromatographic, instrumental and technical variables.
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11
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Bagheri AR, Ghaedi M. Green preparation of dual-template chitosan-based magnetic water-compatible molecularly imprinted biopolymer. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 236:116102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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12
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Jadhao S, Thomas A, Raje A, Nagrik S, Kothapalli L, Shaikh A. Herb-Drug Interaction of Quercetin on the Pharmacokinetics of Losartan in Rats: A High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography Study. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2019. [DOI: 10.1556/1006.2019.32.5.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shraddha Jadhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Asha Thomas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Amol Raje
- Clinical Candidate Optimization Department, Advinus Therapeutics Ltd., Pune, India
| | - Shatrughna Nagrik
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Lata Kothapalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, India
| | - Aaftab Shaikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, Dr. D.Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pimpri, Pune, India
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Shalan S, Nasr JJ. Simultaneous evaluation of losartan and amlodipine besylate using second-derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetric technique and liquid chromatography with time-programmed fluorimetric detection. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:190310. [PMID: 31183153 PMCID: PMC6502389 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.190310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
This study is concerned with two sensitive, fast and reproducible approaches; namely, second-derivative synchronous fluorimetry (method I) and reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection (method II) for synchronized evaluation of losartan (LOS) and amlodipine besylate (AML). Method I is based on measuring second-derivative synchronous fluorescence spectra of LOS and AML at Δλ = 80 nm in water. The experimental factors influencing the synchronous fluorescence of the considered compounds were sensibly adjusted. The chromatographic analysis was executed on a Nucleodur MN-C18 column of dimensions; 250 × 4.6 mm i.d. and 5 µm particle size). The fluorimetric detection was time-programmed at λem = 440 nm for AML (0.0-7.5 min) and at λem = 400 nm for LOS (7.5-10 min) after excitation at λex = 245 nm. The mobile phase is a blend of acetonitrile with 0.02 M phosphate buffer in a proportion of 45 : 55, pH 4.0, pumped using a flow rate of 1 ml min-1. The calibration plots were established to be 0.1-4.0 µg ml-1 for both drugs in method I and 0.05-4.0 µg ml-1 for both drugs in method II. The study was extended to the evaluation of the two drugs in their co-formulated tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen Shalan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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14
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Alam MA, Abou Obaid NI, Ibrahim MA, Raish M, Al-Jenoobi FI. A Validated Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometric Method for Fast Determination of Losartan in Rabbit Plasma. J Chromatogr Sci 2019; 57:323-330. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmy114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuha Ibrahim Abou Obaid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abbas Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Raish
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Ibrahim Al-Jenoobi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Ragab MAA, Korany MA, Galal SM, Ahmed AR. Voltammetric study of valsartan–Ni complex: application to valsartan analysis in pharmaceuticals and in vivo human urine profiling. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-018-00671-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Azadi A, Ahmadi S. Simultaneous magnetic dispersive micro solid phase extraction of valsartan and atorvastatin using a CMC-coated Fe3O4 nanocomposite prior to HPLC-UV detection: multivariate optimization. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj03599k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a sensitive, rapid, accurate and practical procedure is established for determination of atorvastatin and valsartan from human biological fluids by dispersive micro solid phase extraction (D-μ-SPE) combined with HPLC-UV detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Azadi
- Department of Chemistry
- Kermanshah Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Kermanshah
- Iran
| | - Shahin Ahmadi
- Department of Chemistry
- Kermanshah Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Kermanshah
- Iran
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17
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Babarahimi V, Talebpour Z, Haghighi F, Adib N, Vahidi H. Validated determination of losartan and valsartan in human plasma by stir bar sorptive extraction based on acrylate monolithic polymer, liquid chromatographic analysis and experimental design methodology. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 153:204-213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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18
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Shah JV, Parekh JM, Shah PA, Shah PV, Sanyal M, Shrivastav PS. Application of an LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of amlodipine, valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide in polypill for a bioequivalence study. J Pharm Anal 2018; 7:309-316. [PMID: 29404054 PMCID: PMC5790699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A sensitive and selective method has been proposed for the simultaneous determination of amlodipine (AML), valsartan (VAL) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) in human plasma by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The analytes and their deuterated analogs were quantitatively extracted from 100 µL human plasma by solid phase extraction on Oasis HLB cartridges. The chromatographic separation of the analytes was achieved on a Chromolith RP18e (100 mm × 4.6 mm) analytical column within 2.5 min. The resolution factor between AML and VAL, AML and HCTZ, and VAL and HCTZ was 2.9, 1.5 and 1.4, respectively, under isocratic conditions. The method was validated over a dynamic concentration range of 0.02–20.0 ng/mL for AML, 5.00–10,000 ng/mL for VAL and 0.20–200 ng/mL for HCTZ. Ion-suppression/enhancement effects were investigated by post-column infusion technique. The mean IS-normalized matrix factors for AML, VAL and HCTZ were 0.992, 0.994 and 0.998, respectively. The intra-batch and inter-batch precision (% CV) across quality control levels was ≤ 5.56% and the recovery was in the range of 93.4%–99.6% for all the analytes. The method was successfully applied to a bioequivalence study of 5 mg AML + 160 mg VAL + 12.5 mg HCTZ tablet formulation (test and reference) in 18 healthy Indian males under fasting. The mean log-transformed ratios of Cmax, AUC0–120h and AUC0-inf and their 90% CIs were within 90.2%–102.1%. The assay reproducibility was demonstrated by reanalysis of 90 incurred samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaivik V Shah
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, India
| | - Jignesh M Parekh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, India
| | - Priyanka A Shah
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, India
| | - Priya V Shah
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, India.,Department of Chemistry, St. Xavier's College, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380009, India.,Department of Pharmacy, M. S. University, Pratapgunj, Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Mallika Sanyal
- Department of Chemistry, St. Xavier's College, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad 380009, India
| | - Pranav S Shrivastav
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, India
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19
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AQbD-Oriented Development of a New LC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Telmisartan and Its Impurities. Chromatographia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-017-3330-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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UHPLC-MS/MS method with sample dilution to test therapeutic adherence through quantification of ten antihypertensive drugs in urine samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 142:279-285. [PMID: 28538203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, hypertension represents an important health problem, particularly in developed countries. In some cases the standard therapeutic approaches are not able to reestablish the normal blood pressure values: this condition is called "resistant hypertension". However, a fraction of cases of resistant hypertension are actually due to poor adherence to the prescribed therapy. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring could represent a direct and useful tool to correctly identify non-compliant patients. Nevertheless, high throughput methods for the simultaneous monitoring of a wide panel of drugs in the same analysis are lacking and, furthermore, there is not a generally acknowledged "standard" matrix for this test (plasma or urine). In this work, we validated a UHPLC-MS/MS assay to quantify ten among the most used antihypertensive agents in urine samples, covering all the current classes: amlodipine, atenolol, clonidine, chlortalidone, doxazosin, hydrochlorothiazide, nifedipine, olmesartan, ramipril and telmisartan. Both standards and quality controls were prepared in urine matrix. Only 100μL of each sample were added with 40μL of internal standard and 860μL of water:acetonitrile 90:10, acidified with 0.05% formic acid. Chromatographic separation was performed on an Acquity® UPLC HSS T3 1.8μm 2.1×150mm column, with a gradient of water and acetonitrile, both added with 0.05% formic acid. Accuracy, intra-day and inter-day precision fitted FDA guidelines for all analytes, while matrix effects resulted reproducible among different urine lots. Method performances were tested on urine samples from hypertensive patients with good results. This simple analytical method could represent a useful tool for the management of antihypertensive therapy.
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21
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Postmortem blood concentrations of sartans measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Forensic Toxicol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11419-016-0308-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Pebdani AA, Dadfarnia S, Shabani AMH, Khodadoust S, haghgoo S. Application of modified stir bar with nickel:zinc sulphide nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon as a sorbent for preconcentration of losartan and valsartan and their determination by high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1437:15-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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23
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Al-Majed ARA, Assiri E, Khalil NY, Abdel-Aziz HA. Losartan: Comprehensive Profile. PROFILES OF DRUG SUBSTANCES, EXCIPIENTS, AND RELATED METHODOLOGY 2015; 40:159-94. [PMID: 26051686 DOI: 10.1016/bs.podrm.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Losartan (Cozaar™) is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist with antihypertensive activity. It is used in the management of hypertension and heart failure. Nomenclature, formulae, elemental analysis, and appearance of the drug are included in this review. The uses, applications, and the variety of synthetic pathways of this drug are outlined. Physical characteristics including: ionization constant, solubility, X-ray powder diffraction pattern, thermal methods of analysis, UV spectrum, IR spectrum, mass spectrum with fragmentation patterns, and NMR (1H and 13C) spectra of losartan together with the corresponding figures and/or tables are all produced. This profile also includes the monograph of British Pharmacopoeia, together with several reported analytical methods including: spectrophotometric, electrochemical, chromatographic, and capillary electrophoretic methods. The stability, the pharmacokinetic behavior and the pharmacology of the drug are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Rahman A Al-Majed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ebrahim Assiri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasr Y Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Bakheit AHH, Abd-Elgalil AA, Mustafa B, Haque A, Wani TA. Telmisartan. PROFILES OF DRUG SUBSTANCES, EXCIPIENTS, AND RELATED METHODOLOGY 2015; 40:371-429. [PMID: 26051689 DOI: 10.1016/bs.podrm.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Telmisartan is an angiotensin-II receptor antagonist (ARB) used in the treatment of hypertension. Generally, angiotensin-II receptor blockers such as telmisartan bind to the angiotensin-II type 1 receptors with high affinity, causing inhibition of the action of angiotensin II on vascular smooth muscle, ultimately leading to a reduction in arterial blood pressure. The present study gives a comprehensive profile of telmisartan, including detailed nomenclature, formulae, elemental analysis, and appearance of the drug are mentioned. The uses and applications and the several methods described for its preparation of the drug are outlined. The profile contains the physicochemical properties including: pKa value, solubility, X-ray powder diffraction, melting point, and methods of analysis (including compendial, electrochemical, spectroscopic, and chromatographic methods of analysis). Developed validated stability-indicating (HPLC and biodiffusion assay methods under accelerated acidic, alkaline, and oxidative conditions, in addition to effect of different types of light, temperature, and pH. Detailed Pharmacology also presented (Pharmacological actions, Therapeutic uses and Dosing, Interactions, and adverse effects and precautions). More than 80 references were given as a proof of the above-mentioned studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H H Bakheit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed A Abd-Elgalil
- Research Center, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bakheit Mustafa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Anzarul Haque
- Department of Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Salman bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanveer A Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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25
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Abstract
Valsartan is an antihypertensive drug which selectively inhibits angiotensin receptor type II. Generally, valsartan is available as film-coated tablets. This review summarizes thermal analysis, spectroscopy characteristics (UV, IR, MS, and NMR), polymorphism forms, impurities, and related compounds of valsartan. The methods of analysis of valsartan in pharmaceutical dosage forms and in biological fluids using spectrophotometer, CE, TLC, and HPLC methods are discussed in details. Both official and nonofficial methods are described. It is recommended to use LC-MS method for analyzing valsartan in complex matrices such as biological fluids and herbal preparations; in this case, MRM is preferred than SIM method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Febry Ardiana
- Research & Development, Bernofarm Pharmaceutical Company, Buduran-Sidoarjo, Indonesia
| | - Gunawan Indrayanto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Dharmawangsa Dalam, Surabaya, Indonesia.
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26
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Yılmaz H, Basan H. Development of a molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction sorbent for the selective extraction of telmisartan from human urine. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:1433-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201401349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hüma Yılmaz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Gazi University; Ankara Turkey
| | - Hasan Basan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Gazi University; Ankara Turkey
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27
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Abdel-Fattah L, Abdel-Aziz L, Gaied M. Enhanced spectrophotometric determination of Losartan potassium based on its physicochemical interaction with cationic surfactant. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 136 Pt B:178-184. [PMID: 25315864 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed for determination of Losartan potassium (LST K), an angiotensin-II receptor (type AT1) antagonist, in presence of cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The physicochemical interaction of LST K with CTAB was investigated. The effect of cationic micelles on the spectroscopic and acid-base properties of LST K was studied at pH 7.4. The binding constant (Kb) and the partition coefficient (Kx) of LST K-CTAB were 1.62×10(5) M(-1) and 1.38×10(5); respectively. The binding of LST K to CTAB micelles implied a shift in drug acidity constant (ΔpKa=0.422). The developed method is linear over the range 0.5-28 μg mL(-1). The accuracy was evaluated and was found to be 99.79±0.509% and the relative standard deviation for intraday and interday precision was 0.821 and 0.963; respectively. The method was successfully applied to determine LST K in pharmaceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Abdel-Fattah
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science & Technology, Al-Motamayez District, P.O. Box 77, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Lobna Abdel-Aziz
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt.
| | - Mariam Gaied
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
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28
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Farnoudian-Habibi A, Kangari S, Massoumi B, Jaymand M. Determination of losartan potassium in the presence of hydrochlorothiazide via a combination of magnetic solid phase extraction and fluorometry techniques in urine samples. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20117a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A sensitive and highly efficient method for the determination of losartan potassium (LOS) in the presence of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) via a combination of magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) and fluorometry techniques is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Farnoudian-Habibi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
- Tabriz
- Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Sahar Kangari
- Department of Chemistry
- Science and Research Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Tehran
- Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Bakhshali Massoumi
- Department of Chemistry
- Payame Noor University
- Tehran
- Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mehdi Jaymand
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
- Tabriz
- Islamic Republic of Iran
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29
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Hussein S, Abd El-Wadood H, Abou-Elwafa Abdallah M, Khorshed A. Application of high-performance thin-layer chromatography for screening and simultaneous determination of some angiotensin II receptor antagonists in dosage forms and plasma. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.27.2014.3.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Belal TS, Mahrous MS, Abdel-Khalek MM, Daabees HG, Khamis MM. Validated spectrofluorimetric determination of two pharmaceutical antihypertensive mixtures containing amlodipine besylate together with either candesartan cilexetil or telmisartan. LUMINESCENCE 2014; 29:893-900. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.2638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek S. Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry; University of Alexandria; Alexandria Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Mahrous
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Alexandria; Alexandria Egypt
| | | | - Hoda G. Daabees
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Damanhour University; Damanhour Egypt
| | - Mona M. Khamis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Alexandria; Alexandria Egypt
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31
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Muszalska I, Sobczak A, Dołhań A, Jelińska A. Analysis of Sartans: a review. J Pharm Sci 2013; 103:2-28. [PMID: 24227012 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The risk of cardiovascular diseases is closely related to hypertension, high cholesterol levels, and diabetes. When these risk factors appear together they are referred to as a metabolic syndrome. In the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, a combination of antihypertensive, hypolipemiant, and antidiabetic drugs is often applied. Diuretics (chlortalidone, hydrochlorothiazide, etc.) and angiotensin II receptors antagonist (sartans) are used to control hypertension, whereas statins (fluvastatin, simvastatin, etc.) are used to reduce cholesterol levels. This review is concerned with methods for the analysis of sartans in various matrices, such as pharmaceutical formulations, environmental and biological samples, and discusses the current status of stability studies of sartans . It also presents analytical methods for the simultaneous determination of sartans, diuretics, and statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Muszalska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, Poznań, 60-780, Poland
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32
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Yang SH, Fan H, Classon RJ, Schug KA. Restricted access media as a streamlined approach toward on-line sample preparation: Recent advancements and applications. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:2922-38. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel H. Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The University of Texas at Arlington; Arlington TX USA
| | - Hui Fan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The University of Texas at Arlington; Arlington TX USA
| | | | - Kevin A. Schug
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; The University of Texas at Arlington; Arlington TX USA
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33
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Rao RN, Raju SS, Vali RM. Ionic-liquid based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by high performance liquid chromatographic determination of anti-hypertensives in rat serum. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 931:174-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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34
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El-Shaboury SR, Hussein SA, Mohamed NA, El-Sutohy MM. Stability-indicating densitometric determination of some angiotensin II receptor antagonists in presence of their degradation products. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2013. [DOI: 10.1556/achrom.25.2013.1.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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35
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Baranowska I, Magiera S, Baranowski J. Clinical applications of fast liquid chromatography: a review on the analysis of cardiovascular drugs and their metabolites. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 927:54-79. [PMID: 23462623 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Revised: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
One of the major challenges facing the medicine today is developing new therapies that enhance human health. To help address these challenges the utilization of analytical technologies and high-throughput automated platforms has been employed; in order to perform more experiments in a shorter time frame with increased data quality. In the last decade various analytical strategies have been established to enhance separation speed and efficiency in liquid chromatography applications. Liquid chromatography is an increasingly important tool for monitoring drugs and their metabolites. Furthermore, liquid chromatography has played an important role in pharmacokinetics and metabolism studies at these drug development stages since its introduction. This paper provides an overview of current trends in fast chromatography for the analysis of cardiovascular drugs and their metabolites in clinical applications. Current trends in fast liquid chromatographic separations involve monolith technologies, fused-core columns, high-temperature liquid chromatography (HTLC) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC). The high specificity in combination with high sensitivity makes it an attractive complementary method to traditional methodology used for routine applications. The practical aspects of, recent developments in and the present status of fast chromatography for the analysis of biological fluids for therapeutic drug and metabolite monitoring, pharmacokinetic studies and bioequivalence studies are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Baranowska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, 7M. Strzody Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
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36
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A simple and precise conductometric method for the determination of losartan in pharmaceutical products. OPEN CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-012-0110-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractLosartan is an antihypertensive agent that lost its patent protection in 2010, and, consequently, it has been available in generic form. The latter motivated the search for a rapid and precise alternative method. Here, a simple conductometric titration in aqueous medium is described for the losartan analysis in pharmaceutical formulations. The first step of the titration occurs with the protonation of losartan producing a white precipitate and resulting in a slow increase in conductivity. When the protonation stage is complete, a sharp increase in conductivity occurs which was determined to be due to the presence of excess of acid. The titrimetric method was applied to the determination of losartan in pharmaceutical products and the results are comparable with values obtained using a chromatographic method recommended by the United States Pharmacopoeia. The relative standard deviation for successive measurements of a 125 mg L−1 (2.71×10−4 mol L−1) losartan solution was approximately 2%. Recovery study in tablet samples ranged between 99 and 102.4%. The procedure is fast, simple, and represents an attractive alternative for losartan quantification in routine analysis. In addition, it avoids organic solvents, minimizes the risk of exposure to the operator, and the waste treatment is easier compared to classical chromatographic methods.
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37
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Santhana Lakshmi K, Lakshmi S. Simultaneous Analysis of Losartan Potassium, Amlodipine Besylate, and Hydrochlorothiazide in Bulk and in Tablets by High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography with UV-Absorption Densitometry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2012; 2012:108281. [PMID: 22567550 PMCID: PMC3335319 DOI: 10.1155/2012/108281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A Simple high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for separation and quantitative analysis of losartan potassium, amlodipine, and hydrochlorothiazide in bulk and in pharmaceutical formulations has been established and validated. After extraction with methanol, sample and standard solutions were applied to silica gel plates and developed with chloroform : methanol : acetone : formic acid 7.5 : 1.3 : 0.5 : 0.03 (v/v/v/v) as mobile phase. Zones were scanned densitometrically at 254 nm. The R(f) values of amlodipine besylate, hydrochlorothiazide, and losartan potassium were 0.35, 0.57, and 0.74, respectively. Calibration plots were linear in the ranges 500-3000 ng per spot for losartan potassium, amlodipine and hydrochlorothiazide, the correlation coefficients, r, were 0.998, 0.998, and 0.999, respectively. The suitability of this method for quantitative determination of these compounds was by validation in accordance with the requirements of pharmaceutical regulatory standards. The method can be used for routine analysis of these drugs in bulk and in formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sivasubramanian Lakshmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM University, Tamilnadu, Kattankulathur 603 203, India
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38
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Bhatia NM, Gurav SB, Jadhav SD, Bhatia MS. RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ATORVASTATIN CALCIUM, LOSARTAN POTASSIUM, ATENOLOL, AND ASPIRIN FROM TABLET DOSAGE FORM AND PLASMA. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.601495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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39
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El-Shaboury SR, Hussein SA, Mohamed NA, El-Sutohy MM. Spectrofluorimetric method for determination of some angiotensin II receptor antagonists. J Pharm Anal 2012; 2:12-18. [PMID: 29403715 PMCID: PMC5760827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, rapid, accurate and highly sensitive spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for determination of some angiotensin II receptor antagonists (AIIRA's), namely Losartan potassium (Los-K), Irbesartan (Irb), Valsartan (Val) and Candesartan cilexetil (Cand) in pure forms as well as in their pharmaceutical dosage forms. All the variables affecting the relative fluorescence intensity (RFI) were studied and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, linear relationships with good correlation coefficients (0.9982-0.9991) were obtained over the concentration range from 0.006 μg/mL to 1.7 μg/mL. Good accuracy and precision were successfully obtained for the analysis of tablets containing each drug alone or combined with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) without interferences from the co-formulated HCTZ or the additives commonly present in tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa R. El-Shaboury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Samiha A. Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Niveen A. Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. El-Sutohy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
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Rote AR, Sonavane PR. Development and Validation of Bioanalytical Method for Determination of Telmisartan and Hydrochlorothiazide Using HPTLC in Human Plasma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2012.311103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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41
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Kumar KK, Rao CK, Madhusudan G, Mukkanti K. Rapid Simultaneous Determination of Olmesartan, —Amlodipine and Hydrochlorothiazide in Combined Pharmaceutical Dosage form by Stability-Indicating Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2012.31008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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42
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Nageswara Rao R, Guru Prasad K, Gangu Naidu C, Maurya PK. Development of a validated liquid chromatographic method for determination of related substances of telmisartan in bulk drugs and formulations. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 56:471-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2011] [Revised: 05/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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43
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Bunch DR, Wang S. Applications of monolithic columns in liquid chromatography-based clinical chemistry assays. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:2003-12. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Nalwade S, Ranga Reddy V, Durga Rao D, Koteswara Rao I. Rapid simultaneous determination of telmisartan, amlodipine besylate and hydrochlorothiazide in a combined poly pill dosage form by stability-indicating ultra performance liquid chromatography. Sci Pharm 2011; 79:69-84. [PMID: 21617773 PMCID: PMC3097503 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1006-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, precise and rapid stability-indicating ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method is developed for the simultaneous quantitative determination of Telmisartan, Amlodipine besylate and Hydrochlorothiazide from their innovative poly pill combination drug product in the presence of degradation products. It involves a 100 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm C-18 column. The separation is achieved on a simple gradient method. The mobile phase A contains a mixture of sodium perchlorate buffer pH 3.2 (0.053M): acetonitrile in the ratio 90:10, v/v, and mobile B contains a mixture of sodium perchlorate buffer pH 3.2 (0.053M): acetonitrile in the ratio 20:80, v/v. The flow rate is 0.6 mL min(-1) and the column temperature is maintained at 55°C.The gradient program (T/%B) is set as 0/5, 1.2/5, 1.6/40, 4/40, 4.1/5 and 4.5/5. The detector wavelength is 271 nm for Hydrochlorothiazide and Telmisartan and 237 nm for Amlodipine. The retention times of Telmisartan, Amlodipine, and Hydrochlorothiazide are 3.6 minutes, 3.2 minutes and 0.9 minutes; respectively. The total runtime for the separation of the three active compounds and their degradation products is 4.5 minutes. The described method is validated with respect to system suitability, specificity, linearity, precision and accuracy. The precision of the assay method is evaluated by carrying out six independent assays of T, A and H (0.032 mg mL(-1) of T, 0.004 mg mL(-1) of A, 0.01 mg mL(-1) of H). The accuracy of the method is evaluated in triplicate at three concentration levels, i.e. 50%, 100% and 150% of target test concentration (0.64 mg mL(-1) of T, 0.08 mg mL(-1) of A, 0.2 mg mL(-1) of H). The described method is linear over the range, 16 to 48 μg mL(-1) for T, 2 to 6 μg mL(-1)A and 5 to 15 μg mL(-1) for H. The method is fast and suitable for high-throughput analysis allowing the analysis of about 250 samples per working day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santaji Nalwade
- Analytical Research and Development, Integrated Product Development, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd., Bachupally, Hyderabad-500 072, India.
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Taşdemir İH, Akay MA, Erk N, Kılıç E. Voltammetric Behavior of Telmisartan and Cathodic Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetric Method for Its Assay in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Biological Fluids. ELECTROANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201000100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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46
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Shah RP, Singh S. Identification and characterization of a photolytic degradation product of telmisartan using LC-MS/TOF, LC-MSn, LC-NMR and on-line H/D exchange mass studies. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 53:755-61. [PMID: 20554147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Revised: 04/29/2010] [Accepted: 05/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Telmisartan, an anti-hypertensive drug, was subjected to stress studies under ICH prescribed conditions of hydrolysis (acidic, neutral and basic), photolysis, oxidation and thermal stress. The drug showed labiality under only photo-acidic condition by forming a single degradation product. HPLC separation of the drug and the degradation product was achieved on C-8 column using gradient method. To characterize the product, a complete mass fragmentation pathway of the drug was initially established. Subsequently, the degradation product peak was subjected to LC-MS/TOF and on-line H/D exchange mass studies. Based on these studies, a tentative structure was assigned to the product as 3-((1,7'-dimethyl-2'-propyl-1H,3'H-2,5'-bibenzo[d]imidazol-3'-yl)methyl)-6H-benzo[c]chromen-6-one, which was verified through (1)H LC-NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi P Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research NIPER, Sector 67, SAS Nagar 160 062, Punjab, India
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Determination of vancomycin in human plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 395:527-32. [PMID: 19655128 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2009] [Revised: 06/13/2009] [Accepted: 07/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with fluorescence detection for the quantification of vancomycin in human plasma was developed and validated. The method includes an extraction of vancomycin by deproteinization with acetonitrile. The analyses were carried out at 258 nm as the emission wavelength while exciting at 225 nm on a reversed-phase column (30 cm x 4 mm i.d. x 10 microm Waters Associates microBondapak C18) using a mobile phase composed of methanol and phosphate buffer at pH 6.3. Vancomycin was quantitatively recovered from human plasma samples (>96%) with high values of precision. The separation was completed within 27 min. The calibration curve was linear over the range from 5 to 1,000 ng/mL with the detection and quantification limits of 2 ng/mL and 5 ng/mL, respectively. This method is suitable for the routine assay of plasma samples.
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