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Wang M, Ren J, Zhang G, Zhang H, Chang R, Yu H, Chen A. Simultaneous separation and determination of seven biphenyl cyclooctene lignans in Schisandra chinensis and its preparations by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with dual organic solvent system. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024; 35:1142-1151. [PMID: 38558474 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gomisin is a natural dibenzo cyclooctene lignan, which is mainly derived from the family Magnoliaceae. It has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-aging, and hypoglycemic effects. Gomisins play important roles as medicines, nutraceuticals, food additives, and cosmetics. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to establish a micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) method for simultaneous separation and determination of seven biphenyl cyclooctene lignans (Gomisin D, E, G, H, J, N, and O) in Schisandra chinensis and its preparations. METHODS The method was optimized by studying the effects of the main parameters on the separation. The method has been validated and successfully applied to the determination of seven Gomisins in S. chinensis and its preparations. RESULTS In the separation system, the running buffer was composed of 20 mM Na2HPO4, 8.0 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 11% (v/v) methanol, and 6.0% (v/v) ethanol. A diode array detector was used with a detection wavelength of 230 nm, a separation voltage of 17 kV, and an operating temperature of 25°C. Under this condition, the seven analytes were separated at baseline within 20 min, and a good linear relationship was obtained with correlation coefficient ranging from 0.9919 to 0.9992. The limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) and the limit of quantification (LOQ, S/N = 10) ranged from 0.8 to 0.9 μg/mL and from 2.6 to 3.0 μg/mL, respectively. The recovery rate was between 99.1% and 102.5%. CONCLUSION The experimental results indicated that this method is suitable for the separation and determination of seven Schisandra biphenyl cyclooctene lignan compounds in real samples. At the same time, it provides an effective reference for the quality control of S. chinensis and its preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junzhao Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Guangbin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hongfen Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruimiao Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Haixia Yu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Anjia Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Determination of Phenolic Compounds by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27144540. [PMID: 35889413 PMCID: PMC9316225 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A CZE-MS method was developed for the determination of several phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids). Since the analysis of these components necessitates the application of basic conditions for CZE separation and negative ionization mode for MS detection, the simplest choice was to use 0.5 M NH4OH and IPA:water (1:1 v/v%) as the background electrolyte and sheath liquid, respectively. The LOD values ranged between 0.004-1.9 mg/L showing that there are relatively large differences in the ionization (and chemical) features of these compounds. The precision data were better than 0.75 RSD% for migration times and were between 5-8 RSD% for peak areas. In order to test the applicability of the developed method, a honey sample was analyzed.
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Kim Y, Seo C, Lee H, Ji M, Oh S, Choi B, Kim D, Park K, Park J, Paik M. Method development of phenolic acid profiling analysis as
tert‐
butyldimethylsilyl derivative by gas chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Youngbae Kim
- College of Pharmacy Sunchon National University Suncheon Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Seo
- College of Pharmacy Sunchon National University Suncheon Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon‐Seong Lee
- College of Pharmacy Sunchon National University Suncheon Republic of Korea
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center Gangneung Institute of Natural Products, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Gangwon‐do Republic of Korea
| | - Moongi Ji
- College of Pharmacy Sunchon National University Suncheon Republic of Korea
| | - Songjin Oh
- College of Pharmacy Sunchon National University Suncheon Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong‐Chan Choi
- College of Pharmacy Sunchon National University Suncheon Republic of Korea
| | - Doo‐Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy Sunchon National University Suncheon Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung‐Wuk Park
- Suncheon Research Center for Natural Medicines Suncheon South Korea
| | - Junseong Park
- Department of Engineering Chemistry College of Engineering, Chungbuk National University Republic of Korea
| | - Man‐Jeong Paik
- College of Pharmacy Sunchon National University Suncheon Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Snake fruit (Salacca zalacca (Gaert.) Voss) is a fruit species traditionally cultivated in Indonesia and other Southeast Asian countries. The edible parts of the fruits contain a certain amount of total phenolic, flavonoid, and monoterpenoid compounds, proving them to be their perfect sources. The main goal of this work was to detect, quantify, and identify various phenolic compounds present in snake fruit pulp. Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to a Q-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometer was able to detect 19 phenolic compounds in the salak pulp, including 5 flavanols, 6 phenolic acids, 2 flavonols, 1 flavone, and also 5 presumably new phenolic compounds. Among the detected compounds, 11 were reported and quantified for the first time in salak pulp. Chlorogenic acid was by far the most predominant phenolic compound. The next relatively abundant compounds in snake fruit were epicatechin, isoquercetin, neochlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid and procyanidine B2 (levels at ca 5–10 μg/g in MeOH extract), syringic acid, and caffeic acid (levels at ca 1 μg/g in H2O extract). A significant total phenolic content (257.17 μL/mL) and antioxidant activities (10.56 μM TE/g of fruit pulp) were determined. In conclusion, S. zalacca fruit has potential to serve as a natural source of phenolic compounds with antioxidative activities which may be associated with their health benefits.
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Electrochemical Sensor for Determination of Various Phenolic Compounds in Wine Samples Using Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles Modified Carbon Paste Electrode. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12030312. [PMID: 33802703 PMCID: PMC8002544 DOI: 10.3390/mi12030312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds contain classes of flavonoids and non-flavonoids, which occur naturally as secondary metabolites in plants. These compounds, when consumed in food substances, improve human health because of their antioxidant properties against oxidative damage diseases. In this study, an electrochemical sensor was developed using a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MCPE) for the electrosensitive determination of sinapic acid, syringic acid, and rutin. The characterization techniques adapted for CPE, MCPE electrodes, and the solution interface were cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Scan rate and pH were the parameters subjected to optimization studies for the determination of phenolic compounds. The incorporation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles to the CPE as a sensor showed excellent sensitivity, selectivity, repeatability, reproducibility, stability, and low preparation cost. The limits of detection (LOD) obtained were 2.2 × 10−7 M for sinapic acid, 2.6 × 10−7 M for syringic acid, and 0.8 × 10−7 M for rutin, respectively. The fabricated electrochemical sensor was applied to determine phenolic compounds in real samples of red and white wine.
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More AS, Ranadheera CS, Fang Z, Warner R, Ajlouni S. Biomarkers associated with quality and safety of fresh-cut produce. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2019.100524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Ge L, Li SP, Lisak G. Advanced sensing technologies of phenolic compounds for pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 179:112913. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Ajay Krishna PG, Sivakumar TR, Jin C, Li SH, Weng YJ, Yin J, Jia JQ, Wang CY, Gui ZZ. Antioxidant and Hemolysis Protective Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Extract from Mulberry Fruits. Pharmacogn Mag 2018; 14:103-109. [PMID: 29576709 PMCID: PMC5858229 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_491_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mulberry fruits are a superior source of polyphenol, especially anthocyanins that contribute potentially to the beneficial effects which include reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and cancers with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and chemoprotective properties. Objectives: In this study, purification of the polyphenol-rich extract from mulberry fruit (MPE) was purified and assessed the activities of antioxidant and hemolysis protective in vivo and in vitro. Materials and Methods: Antioxidant activities in vitro was measured by quantifying its 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, reducing power and Fe2+-chelating ability. MPE was purified by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and analyzed individual polyphenols using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS. Results: The total polyphenol content was 147.69 ± 0.02 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dried weight (DW) in the extract and 403.55 ± 0.02 mg GAE/g DW in the purified extract. Further identification by HPLC-ultraviolet-visible and LC-MS/MS analysis indicated in MPE, an anthocyanin compound, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside. With regard to in vitro assays, MPE possessed antioxidant effect, especially in Fe2+ chelating ability with an IC50 value of 1.016 mg/mL. The protective effects on mouse red blood cell hemolysis and lipid peroxidation ex vivo were dose and time dependent. Conclusion: It indicates that MPE could be a good candidate for future biomedical applications to promote human health with limited side effects. SUMMARY Mulberry fruit is an excellent source of polyphenols, in particular, anthocyanins, which has infinite health benefits. This study determined the predominant anthocyanin, cyanidin-3-glucoside, could possibly be the rationale behind the antioxidant and antihemolytic effect of MPE. Results indicate that MPE could be a good candidate for future biomedical applications to promote human health with limited side effects.
Abbreviations used: MPE: Purification of the polyphenol-rich extract from mulberry fruit, LC-MS: Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, HPLC: High-pressure liquid chromatography, DPPH: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity, RBC: Red blood cell, GAE: Gallic acid equivalent, FeCl2: Ferrous chloride, H2O2: Hydrogen peroxide, EDTA-2Na: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt, PBS: Phosphate-buffered saline, TCA: Trichloroacetic acid, TBA: 2-thiobarbituric acid, FeSO4: Ferrous sulphate, MDA: Malondialdehyde, VC: Vitamin C, DW: Dried weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanigounder Ganeshan Ajay Krishna
- Lab of Hi-Tech Processing for Sericultural Resources, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Thasma Raman Sivakumar
- Lab of Hi-Tech Processing for Sericultural Resources, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Chao Jin
- Lab of Hi-Tech Processing for Sericultural Resources, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Shao-Hu Li
- Lab of Hi-Tech Processing for Sericultural Resources, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Yu-Jie Weng
- Lab of Hi-Tech Processing for Sericultural Resources, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Juan Yin
- Lab of Hi-Tech Processing for Sericultural Resources, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Jun-Qiang Jia
- Lab of Hi-Tech Processing for Sericultural Resources, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China.,Lab of Hi-Tech Processing for Sericultural Resources, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Chu-Yan Wang
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Zhong-Zheng Gui
- Lab of Hi-Tech Processing for Sericultural Resources, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China.,Lab of Hi-Tech Processing for Sericultural Resources, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang 212018, China
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Simultaneous determination of main phenolic acids and flavonoids in tomato by micellar electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis. Food Chem 2017; 221:439-446. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.10.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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The regulation by phenolic compounds of soil organic matter dynamics under a changing environment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:825098. [PMID: 26495314 PMCID: PMC4606107 DOI: 10.1155/2015/825098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Phenolics are the most abundant plant metabolites and are believed to decompose slowly in soils compared to other soil organic matter (SOM). Thus, they have often been considered as a slow carbon (C) pool in soil dynamics models. Here, however, we review changes in our concept about the turnover rate of phenolics and quantification of different types of phenolics in soils. Also, we synthesize current research on the degradation of phenolics and their regulatory effects on decomposition. Environmental changes, such as elevated CO2, warming, nitrogen (N) deposition, and drought, could influence the production and form of phenolics, leading to a change in SOM dynamics, and thus we also review the fate of phenolics under environmental disturbances. Finally, we propose the use of phenolics as a tool to control rates of SOM decomposition to stabilize organic carbon in ecosystems. Further studies to clarify the role of phenolics in SOM dynamics should include improving quantification methods, elucidating the relationship between phenolics and soil microorganisms, and determining the interactive effects of combinations of environmental changes on the phenolics production and degradation and subsequent impact on SOM processing.
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Lucca BG, Lunte SM, Tomazelli Coltro WK, Ferreira VS. Separation of natural antioxidants using PDMS electrophoresis microchips coupled with amperometric detection and reverse polarity. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:3363-70. [PMID: 25224541 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the use of PDMS ME coupled with amperometric detection for rapid separation of ascorbic, gallic , ferulic, p-coumaric acids using reverse polarity. ME devices were fabricated in PDMS by soft lithography and detection was accomplished using an integrated carbon fiber working electrode aligned in the end-channel configuration. Separation and detection parameters were investigated and the best conditions were obtained using a run buffer consisting of 5 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.9) and a detection voltage of 1.0 V versus Ag/AgCl reference electrode. All compounds were separated within 70 s using gated injection mode with baseline resolution and separation efficiencies between 1200 and 9000 plates. Calibration curves exhibited good linearity and the LODs achieved ranged from 1.7 to 9.7 μM. The precision for migration time and peak height provided maximum values of 4% for the intrachip studies. Lastly, the analytical method was successfully applied for the analysis of ascorbic and gallic acids in commercial beverage samples. The results achieved using ME coupled with amperometric detection were in good agreement with the values provided by the supplier. Based on the data reported here, the proposed method shows suitability to be applied for the routine analysis of beverage samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Gabriel Lucca
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
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Gatea F, Teodor ED, Matei AO, Badea GI, Radu GL. Capillary Electrophoresis Method for 20 Polyphenols Separation in Propolis and Plant Extracts. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-014-0006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Zheng X, Chen S, Li Q, Lin R, Lin W. Determination of Phenolic Acids in Root Exudates of Allelopathic Rice by Solid Phase Extraction-Ion Chromatography with Conductivity Detection. ANAL LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2014.900778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ballus CA, Meinhart AD, de Souza Campos FA, Bruns RE, Godoy HT. Doehlert design-desirability function multi-criteria optimal separation of 17 phenolic compounds from extra-virgin olive oil by capillary zone electrophoresis. Food Chem 2014; 146:558-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 09/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Piovezan M, García-Seco D, Micke GA, Gutiérrez-Mañero J, Ramos-Solano B. Method development for determination of (+)-catechin and (−)-epicatechin by micellar electrokinetic chromatography: Annual characterization of field grown blackberries. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:2251-8. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gustavo Amadeu Micke
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Santa Catarina; Florianópolis; SC; Brazil
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Hurtado-Fernández E, Contreras-Gutiérrez PK, Cuadros-Rodríguez L, Carrasco-Pancorbo A, Fernández-Gutiérrez A. Merging a sensitive capillary electrophoresis-ultraviolet detection method with chemometric exploratory data analysis for the determination of phenolic acids and subsequent characterization of avocado fruit. Food Chem 2013; 141:3492-503. [PMID: 23993512 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2013] [Revised: 04/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Herein we present the development of a powerful CE-UV method able to detect and quantify an important number of phenolic acids in 13 varieties of avocado fruits at 2 ripening stages. All the variables involved in CE separation were exhaustively optimized and the best results were obtained with a capillary of 50 μm i.d. × 50 cm effective length, sodium tetraborate 40 mM at a pH of 9.4, 30 kV, 25 °C, 10s of hydrodynamic injection (0.5 psi) and UV detection at 254 nm. This optimal methodology was fully validated and then applied to different avocado samples. The number of phenolic acids determined varied from 8 to 14 compounds; in general, they were in concentrations ranging from 0.13 ppm to 3.82 ppm, except p-coumaric, benzoic and protocatechuic acids, which were found at higher concentrations. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to highlight the differences between varieties and ripening degrees, looking for the most influential analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Hurtado-Fernández
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Ave. Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
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Castro-Puyana M, García-Cañas V, Simó C, Cifuentes A. Recent advances in the application of capillary electromigration methods for food analysis and Foodomics. Electrophoresis 2011; 33:147-67. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Rabanes HR, Guidote AM, Quirino JP. Capillary electrophoresis of natural products: Highlights of the last five years (2006-2010). Electrophoresis 2011; 33:180-95. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Chen XJ, Zhao J, Wang YT, Huang LQ, Li SP. CE and CEC analysis of phytochemicals in herbal medicines. Electrophoresis 2011; 33:168-79. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 09/25/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Piñero MY, Bauza R, Arce L. Thirty years of capillary electrophoresis in food analysis laboratories: potential applications. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:1379-93. [PMID: 21538397 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2010] [Revised: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
CE has generated considerable interest in the research community since instruments were introduced by different trading companies in the 1990s. Nowadays, CE is popular due to its simplicity, speed, highly efficient separations and minimal solvent and reagent consumption; it can also be included as a useful technique in the nanotechnology field and it covers a wide range of specific applications in different fields (chemical, pharmaceutical, genetic, clinical, food and environmental). CE has been very well evaluated in research laboratories for several years, and different new approaches to improve sensitivity (one of the main drawbacks of CE) and robustness have been proposed. However, this technique is still not well accepted in routine laboratories for food analysis. Researching in data bases, it is easy to find several electrophoretic methods to determine different groups of analytes and sometimes they are compared in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, precision and applicability with other separation techniques. Although these papers frequently prove the potential of this methodology in spiked samples, it is not common to find a discussion of the well-known complexity of the matrices to extract analytes from the sample and/or to study the interferences in the target analytes. Summarizing, the majority of CE scientific papers focus primarily on the effects upon the separation of the analytes while ignoring their behavior if these analytes are presented in real samples.
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Hurtado-Fernández E, Carrasco-Pancorbo A, Fernández-Gutiérrez A. Profiling LC-DAD-ESI-TOF MS method for the determination of phenolic metabolites from avocado (Persea americana). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:2255-2267. [PMID: 21332177 DOI: 10.1021/jf104276a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A powerful HPLC-DAD-ESI-TOF MS method was established for the efficient identification of the chemical constituents in the methanolic extracts of avocado (Persea americana). Separation and detection conditions were optimized by using a standard mix containing 39 compounds belonging to phenolic acids and different categories of flavonoids, analytes that could be potentially present in the avocado extracts. Optimum LC separation was achieved on a Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 analytical column (4.6×150 mm, 1.8 μm particle size) by gradient elution with water+acetic acid (0.5%) and acetonitrile as mobile phases, at a flow rate of 1.6 mL/min. The detection was carried out by ultraviolet-visible absorption and ESI-TOF MS. The developed method was applied to the study of 3 different varieties of avocado, and 17 compounds were unequivocally identified with standards. Moreover, around 25 analytes were tentatively identified by taking into account the accuracy and isotopic information provided by TOF MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Hurtado-Fernández
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, c/Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
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Hefnawy MM, Sultan MA, Al-Johar HI, Kassem MG, Aboul-Enein HY. Multi-objective optimization strategy based on desirability functions used for electrophoratic separation and quantification of rosiglitazone and glimepiride in plasma and formulations. Drug Test Anal 2011; 4:39-47. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2010] [Revised: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Khadem S, Marles RJ. Monocyclic phenolic acids; hydroxy- and polyhydroxybenzoic acids: occurrence and recent bioactivity studies. Molecules 2010; 15:7985-8005. [PMID: 21060304 PMCID: PMC6259451 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15117985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Revised: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the wide diversity of naturally occurring phenolic acids, at least 30 hydroxy- and polyhydroxybenzoic acids have been reported in the last 10 years to have biological activities. The chemical structures, natural occurrence throughout the plant, algal, bacterial, fungal and animal kingdoms, and recently described bioactivities of these phenolic and polyphenolic acids are reviewed to illustrate their wide distribution, biological and ecological importance, and potential as new leads for the development of pharmaceutical and agricultural products to improve human health and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahriar Khadem
- Natural Health Products Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, 2936 Baseline Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0K9, Canada.
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Xie F, Yu A, Cheng Y, Qi R, Li Q, Liu H, Zhang S. Rapid Separation and Determination of Five Phenolic Acids in Tobacco by CE. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1781-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Application and potential of capillary electroseparation methods to determine antioxidant phenolic compounds from plant food material. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 53:1130-60. [PMID: 20719447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2010] [Revised: 07/09/2010] [Accepted: 07/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidants are one of the most common active ingredients of nutritionally functional foods which can play an important role in the prevention of oxidation and cellular damage inhibiting or delaying the oxidative processes. In recent years there has been an increased interest in the application of antioxidants to medical treatment as information is constantly gathered linking the development of human diseases to oxidative stress. Within antioxidants, phenolic molecules are an important category of compounds, commonly present in a wide variety of plant food materials. Their correct determination is pivotal nowadays and involves their extraction from the sample, analytical separation, identification, quantification and interpretation of the data. The aim of this review is to provide an overview about all the necessary steps of any analytical procedure to achieve the determination of phenolic compounds from plant matrices, paying particular attention to the application and potential of capillary electroseparation methods. Since it is quite complicated to establish a classification of plant food material, and to structure the current review, we will group the different matrices as follows: fruits, vegetables, herbs, spices and medicinal plants, beverages, vegetable oils, cereals, legumes and nuts and other matrices (including cocoa beans and bee products). At the end of the overview, we include two sections to explain the usefulness of the data about phenols provided by capillary electrophoresis and the newest trends.
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