1
|
Rasheed M, Perveen S, Qamar S. Theoretical Investigation of the Nonlinear General Rate Model with the Bi-Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm Using Core-Shell Adsorbents. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:43964-43977. [PMID: 38027365 PMCID: PMC10666139 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c06023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Core-shell particles enable the separation of intricate mixtures in a highly efficient and rapid manner. The porous shell particles increased the separation efficiency with expedited flow rates due to an abatement in the pore volume accessible for longitudinal diffusion and a decrease in diffusion path length. This study focuses on the numerical approximation of a nonlinear isothermal general rate model applied to stationary bed columns that are replete with inert core adsorbents featuring double adsorption sites. The transport of solute in heterogeneous porous media can be modeled by a nonlinear convection acquiescent partial differential equation system together with a specific nonlinear algebraic relation: the bi-Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Therefore, it is important to develop accurate and reliable numerical techniques that can perform accurate numerical simulations of these models. We extended and implemented a second-order, semidiscrete, high-resolution finite volume method to simulate the governing equations of the model. Single solute flow and multi component mixture flows are assessed through a series of numerical experiments to theoretically illustrate the repercussions of intraparticle diffusion, film mass resistance, axial dispersion, and the size of the inert core radius upon simulated elution curves. Standard performance criteria are assessed to determine the optimal core radius fraction range for optimizing the separation performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad
Afraz Rasheed
- Department
of Mathematics, Air University, PAF Complex, Sector E-9, Islamabad 44230, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Perveen
- Department
of Mathematics, Air University, PAF Complex, Sector E-9, Islamabad 44230, Pakistan
| | - Shamsul Qamar
- Department
of Mathematics, COMSATS University, Park Road, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ahmad AG, Perveen S, Qamar S. Numerical approximation of a two-dimensional non-equilibrium model of non-isothermal liquid chromatography considering core-shell particles. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2020.1812641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Garba Ahmad
- Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Mathematics Programme, National Mathematical Centre, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Sadia Perveen
- Department of Mathematics, Air University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shamsul Qamar
- Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ciogli A, Ismail OH, Mazzoccanti G, Villani C, Gasparrini F. Enantioselective ultra high performance liquid and supercritical fluid chromatography: The race to the shortest chromatogram. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:1307-1318. [PMID: 29319915 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201701406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The ever-increasing need for enantiomerically pure chiral compounds has greatly expanded the number of enantioselective separation methods available for the precise and accurate measurements of the enantiomeric purity. The introduction of chiral stationary phases for liquid chromatography in the last decades has revolutionized the routine methods to determine enantiomeric purity of chiral drugs, agrochemicals, fragrances, and in general of organic and organometallic compounds. In recent years, additional efforts have been placed on faster, enantioselective analytical methods capable to fulfill the high throughput requirements of modern screening procedures. Efforts in this field, capitalizing on improved chromatographic particle technology and dedicated instrumentation, have led to highly efficient separations that are routinely completed on the seconds time scale. An overview of the recent achievements in the field of ultra-high-resolution chromatography on column packed with chiral stationary phases, both based on sub-2 μm fully porous and sub-3 μm superficially porous particles, will be given, with an emphasis on very recent studies on ultrafast chiral separations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Ciogli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Omar H Ismail
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Mazzoccanti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Villani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Gasparrini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, "Sapienza" Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Analytical and numerical solutions of two-dimensional general rate models for liquid chromatographic columns packed with core–shell particles. Chem Eng Res Des 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2017.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
5
|
Qamar S, Bashir S, Perveen S, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Analysis of Linear General Rate Model of Reactive Chromatography for Core–Shell Adsorbents. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shamsul Qamar
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Seemab Bashir
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, 39106, Germany
| | - Sadia Perveen
- Air University, PAF Complex,
Sector E-9 Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hetzel T, Loeker D, Teutenberg T, Schmidt TC. Characterization of the efficiency of microbore liquid chromatography columns by van Deemter and kinetic plot analysis. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:3889-3897. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Terence Hetzel
- Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V; IUTA (Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology); Bliersheimer Straße 58-60 Duisburg Germany
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 5 Essen Germany
| | - Denise Loeker
- Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V; IUTA (Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology); Bliersheimer Straße 58-60 Duisburg Germany
| | - Thorsten Teutenberg
- Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V; IUTA (Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology); Bliersheimer Straße 58-60 Duisburg Germany
| | - Torsten C. Schmidt
- Instrumental Analytical Chemistry; University of Duisburg-Essen; Universitätsstr. 5 Essen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Qamar S, Sattar FA, Abbasi JN, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Numerical simulation of nonlinear chromatography with core–shell particles applying the general rate model. Chem Eng Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
8
|
Berger TA. Instrument modifications that produced reduced plate heights <2 with sub-2 μm particles and 95% of theoretical efficiency at k = 2 in supercritical fluid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1444:129-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
9
|
Linear general rate model of chromatography for core–shell particles: Analytical solutions and moment analysis. Chem Eng Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2015.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
10
|
Development of a high-throughput UHPLC-MS/MS (SRM) method for the quantitation of endogenous glucagon from human plasma. Bioanalysis 2015; 6:3295-309. [PMID: 25534787 DOI: 10.4155/bio.14.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Published LC-MS/MS methods are not sensitive enough to quantify endogenous levels of glucagon. RESULTS An ultra high performance liquid chromatography-MS/MS (SRM) method for the quantitation of endogenous levels glucagon was successfully developed and qualified. A novel 2D extraction procedure was used to reduce matrix suppression, background noise and interferences. Glucagon levels in samples from healthy volunteers were found to agree with radioimmunoassay (RIA) derived literature values. Bland-Altman analysis showed a concentration-dependent positive bias of the LC/MS-MS assay versus an RIA. Both assays produced similar pharmacokinetic profiles, both of which were feasible considering the nature of the study. CONCLUSION Our method is the first peer reviewed LC-MS/MS method for the quantitation of endogenous levels of glucagon, and offers a viable alternative to RIA-based approaches.
Collapse
|
11
|
Fekete S, Veuthey JL, Guillarme D. Comparison of the most recent chromatographic approaches applied for fast and high resolution separations: Theory and practice. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1408:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
12
|
Jespers S, Roeleveld K, Lynen F, Broeckhoven K, Desmet G. Kinetic plots for gas chromatography: Theory and experimental verification. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1386:81-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
13
|
Yang D, Li Y, Yang F, Du Y, Li Y, Zheng X, Tang D. High-performance liquid chromatographic column packings with different particle sizes: Chromatographic behavior for the quality analysis of HuanglianShangqing pill. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:381-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongzhi Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; Xuzhou China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; Xuzhou Medical College; Xuzhou China
| | - Ying Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; Xuzhou China
| | - Fangxiu Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; Xuzhou China
| | - Yan Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; Xuzhou China
| | - Yinjie Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; Xuzhou China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; Xuzhou China
| | - Daoquan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; Xuzhou China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis; Xuzhou Medical College; Xuzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Broeckhoven K, Desmet G. The future of UHPLC: Towards higher pressure and/or smaller particles? Trends Analyt Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
15
|
Borges EM. Silica, hybrid silica, hydride silica and non-silica stationary phases for liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:580-97. [PMID: 25234386 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Free silanols on the surface of silica are the "villains", which are responsible for detrimental interactions of those compounds and the stationary phase (i.e., bad peak shape, low efficiency) as well as low thermal and chemical stability. For these reasons, we began this review describing new silica and hybrid silica stationary phases, which have reduced and/or shielded silanols. At present, in liquid chromatography for the majority of analyses, reversed-phase liquid chromatography is the separation mode of choice. However, the needs for increased selectivity and increased retention of hydrophilic bases have substantially increased the interest in hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC). Therefore, stationary phases and this mode of separation are discussed. Then, non-silica stationary phases (i.e., zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, alumina and porous graphitized carbon), which afford increased thermal and chemical stability and also selectivity different from those obtained with silica and hybrid silica, are discussed. In addition, the use of these materials in HILIC is also reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Endler M Borges
- Núcleo Biotecnológico, Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina, Rua Paese, 198, Bairro Universitário-Bloco K. Videira, SC CEP 89560-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Borges EM, Rostagno MA, Meireles MAA. Sub-2 μm fully porous and partially porous (core–shell) stationary phases for reversed phase liquid chromatography. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45418e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The need for increased throughput and superior performance has increased the demand for stationary phases with improved kinetic performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Endler M. Borges
- Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (UNOESC)
- Núcleo Biotecnológico. Rua Paese
- Videira-SC, Brasil
| | - Mauricio A. Rostagno
- LASEFI
- Department of Food Engineering
- School of Food Engineering
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
- Campinas, Brazil
| | - M. Angela A. Meireles
- LASEFI
- Department of Food Engineering
- School of Food Engineering
- University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
- Campinas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cabooter D, Broeckhoven K, Sterken R, Vanmessen A, Vandendael I, Nakanishi K, Deridder S, Desmet G. Detailed characterization of the kinetic performance of first and second generation silica monolithic columns for reversed-phase chromatography separations. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1325:72-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
18
|
Fekete S, Guillarme D. Possibilities of new generation columns packed with 1.3μm core–shell particles in gradient elution mode. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1320:86-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
19
|
Vanderheyden Y, Cabooter D, Desmet G, Broeckhoven K. Isocratic and gradient impedance plot analysis and comparison of some recently introduced large size core–shell and fully porous particles. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1312:80-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
20
|
Abstract
There is increasing interest within the pharmaceutical industry in the development of proteins and peptides as drugs in addition to their use as biomarkers. Immunochemistry-based techniques have been traditionally used for the quantitation of proteins and peptides; however, LC-MS-based methodologies are being increasingly adopted as they offer several advantages. UHPLC is well established within the small-molecule community as a means to increase resolution and/or the speed of separations prior to MS detection; however, it is rarely applied to proteins or peptides separations. In this paper, current applications of UHPLC to such separations are reviewed, as well as considerations with regard to the effect of altering various chromatographic parameters.
Collapse
|
21
|
Kinetic evaluation of new generation of column packed with 1.3μm core–shell particles. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1308:104-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
22
|
Ali F, Cheong WJ, ALOthman ZA, ALMajid AM. Polystyrene bound stationary phase of excellent separation efficiency based on partially sub-2μm silica monolith particles. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1303:9-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
23
|
Borges EM, Euerby MR. An appraisal of the chemical and thermal stability of silica based reversed-phase liquid chromatographic stationary phases employed within the pharmaceutical environment. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 77:100-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
24
|
Kinetic performance comparison of fully and superficially porous particles with sizes ranging between 2.7 μm and 5 μm: Intrinsic evaluation and application to a pharmaceutical test compound. J Pharm Anal 2012; 3:313-323. [PMID: 29403833 PMCID: PMC5760962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The reintroduction of superficially porous particles has resulted in a leap forward for the separation performance in liquid chromatography. The underlying reasons for the higher efficiency of columns packed with these particles are discussed. The performance of the newly introduced 5 μm superficially porous particles is evaluated and compared to 2.7 μm superficially porous and 3.5 and 5 μm fully porous columns using typical test compounds (alkylphenones) and a relevant pharmaceutical compound (impurity of amoxicillin). The 5 μm superficially porous particles provide a superior kinetic performance compared to both the 3.5 and 5 μm fully porous particles over the entire relevant range of separation conditions. The performance of the superficially porous particles, however, appears to depend strongly on retention and analyte properties, emphasizing the importance of comparing different columns under realistic conditions (high enough k) and using the compound of interest.
Collapse
|
25
|
Comparison of the performance of Chromolith Performance RP-18e, 1.8-μm Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 and XTerra MS C18, based on modelling approaches. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 405:2219-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6448-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
26
|
Fast liquid chromatography: The domination of core?shell and very fine particles. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1228:57-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
27
|
Broeckhoven K, Cabooter D, Eeltink S, Desmet G. Kinetic plot based comparison of the efficiency and peak capacity of high-performance liquid chromatography columns: Theoretical background and selected examples. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1228:20-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
28
|
Daneyko A, Khirevich S, Höltzel A, Seidel-Morgenstern A, Tallarek U. From random sphere packings to regular pillar arrays: Effect of the macroscopic confinement on hydrodynamic dispersion. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8231-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
29
|
Gu T, Liu M, Cheng KSC, Ramaswamy S, Wang C. A general rate model approach for the optimization of the core radius fraction for multicomponent isocratic elution in preparative nonlinear liquid chromatography using cored beads. Chem Eng Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2011.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
30
|
Staub A, Zurlino D, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL, Guillarme D. Analysis of peptides and proteins using sub-2 μm fully porous and sub 3-μm shell particles. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8903-14. [PMID: 21831381 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of sub-2 μm totally porous particles and sub-3 μm shell particles for peptide and protein analysis. Specific analytical strategies must be developed for these biomolecules as their importance in the pharmaceutical industry increases and as their structural complexity involves some issues when classical LC conditions are employed. Attention was paid on comparing these different columns in various LC conditions (different temperatures, gradient times, and mobile phase flow rates). The comparison of the different supports was assessed considering columns characteristics (quality of packing, silanol activity, pore size, totally porous or shell particles). In this article, peptides were first analyzed with both column technologies. Similar results to those achieved with low molecular weight compounds were obtained (peak capacity >100 for t(grad) around 3 min and columns dimensions of 2.1 mm id × 50 mm), but specific conditions were required (elevated temperature and the use of a volatile ion-pairing reagent, namely TFA). For peptide analysis following tryptic digestion, the goal was to improve peak capacity and resolution because of the large number of generated peptides. For this purpose, longer columns packed with porous sub-2 μm or shell sub-3 μm particles (i.e., 150 mm) and gradient times (i.e., up to 30 min) were tested. On the other hand, proteins in their intact forms have higher molecular weights (MW>5000 Da) and a tertiary structure, thus requiring different conditions in terms of stationary phase hydrophobicity (C(4)vs. C(18)) and pore size (300 vs. 120 Å). In addition, there were issues with adsorption onto the LC system and/or the column itself. This study showed that proteins with MWs lower than 40,000 Da required chromatographic conditions close to those employed for peptide analysis. For larger proteins, a C(4) 300 Å stationary phase gave the best results, confirming theoretical predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline Staub
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Bd d'Yvoy 20, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Theory-guided efficient strategy to maximize speed and resolution in rapid gradient LC–MS/MS bioanalysis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:1917-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Revised: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 05/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
32
|
Advances in the analysis of steroid hormone drugs in pharmaceuticals and environmental samples (2004–2010). J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 55:728-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
33
|
Optimisation and validation of a fast HPLC method for the quantification of sulindac and its related impurities. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 54:694-700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
34
|
Chester TL, Stalcup AM. Interactions between minimum run time, modifier concentration, and efficiency parameters in a high performance liquid chromatography separation. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:218-28. [PMID: 21130461 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2010] [Revised: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We modeled and studied the separation of uracil, nicotinamide, resorcinol, theobromine, theophylline, and caffeine on four C-18 columns of different lengths packed with the same stationary phase using water/methanol mobile phase at one temperature. Predictions of retention times and peak widths were compared with experimental results and were found to be sufficiently accurate for performing optimization calculations. With limits set on the required resolution and on maximum values for pressure and flow rate, calculations were performed for numerous virtual column lengths seeking the smallest possible analysis time for each length while allowing methanol concentration and flow rate to vary as required to minimize run time. Predictions were experimentally verified for the column lengths actually available. These calculations revealed the dependence of best-possible analysis time on column length, modifier concentration, flow rate, and pressure for the real system that was modeled, and provided insight into parameter interactions with respect to analysis times meeting the needs and limits specified. We show that when these parameters are considered in concert, rather than individually, conventional guidelines regarding setting their values may not always lead to the optimum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T L Chester
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, PO Box 210172, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Oláh E, Fekete S, Fekete J, Ganzler K. Comparative study of new shell-type, sub-2μm fully porous and monolith stationary phases, focusing on mass-transfer resistance. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:3642-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Revised: 02/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
36
|
Critical topics in ensuring data quality in bioanalytical LC–MS method development. Bioanalysis 2010; 2:1051-72. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.10.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of LC–MS for bioanalysis of pharmaceuticals is entering its third decade and may be considered to be a mature technology. In many respects this is true, considering the advances made in such areas as instrument performance, electronics, software and automation of use. However, there remain instrumental and noninstrumental areas that require significant attention to ensure data quality. Increasing regulatory focus on analytical method performance and unaddressed method issues require the bioanalyst to understand those areas that most greatly impact data quality. This review will focus on instrumental and noninstrumental areas that can influence data quality, including reference standard and internal standard quality and physicochemical properties, matrix effects, stability in matrix, sample preparation, LC and MS.
Collapse
|
37
|
Jemal M, Ouyang Z, Xia YQ. Systematic LC-MS/MS bioanalytical method development that incorporates plasma phospholipids risk avoidance, usage of incurred sample and well thought-out chromatography. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 24:2-19. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|