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Minode M, Kadota K, Kawabata D, Yoshida M, Shirakawa Y. Enhancement in dissolution behavior and antioxidant capacity of quercetin with amino acids following radical formation via mechanochemical technique. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2022.103582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Grosu IG, Martin F, Turza A, Miclaus M, Kacso I, Borodi G. Structural studies of various olmesartan solvates. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION C STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY 2022; 78:240-249. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053229622002984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Seven solvates of the angiotensin II receptor blocker agent olmesartan (C24H26N6O3), namely, the methanol (C24H26N6O3·CH4O), ethanol (C24H26N6O3·C2H6O), isopropanol (C24H26N6O3·C3H8O), isobutanol (C24H26N6O3·C4H10O), 2-ethoxyethanol (C24H26N6O3·C4H10O2), chloroform (C24H26N6O3·CHCl3) and acetonitrile (C24H26N6O3·C2H3N) solvates, were successfully obtained. The crystal structures were determined using the single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique and the structural features are described, each solvate containing one molecule of olmesartan and one of solvent in the asymmetric unit. The samples were also analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction. Total lattice energies and binding energies between the olmesartan and solvent molecules were evaluated, which can be partitioned into electrostatic, polarization, dispersion and repulsion components. Hirshfeld and fingerprint plot analysis was performed to highlight the intermolecular contacts. Hydrogen bonding and supramolecular arrangements were comparatively studied for the seven solvates.
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Niu HZ, Liu CM, Hou WC, Li SN, Zhang YC, Liu Z, Yun HC. Development of a method to screen and isolate xanthine oxidase inhibitors from black bean in a single step: Hyphenation of semipreparative liquid chromatography and stepwise flow rate countercurrent chromatography. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:492-506. [PMID: 34799974 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Black bean, in which isoflavones are the main active constituent, also contains saponins and monoterpenes. Soybean isoflavone is a secondary metabolite that is formed during the growth of soybean; it exhibits antioxidant and cardiovascular activities and traces estrogen-like effects. In this study, black bean isoflavones were extracted with n-butanol, and ultrafiltration-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to screen their activity. Subsequently, the inhibitors were isolated and purified using semipreparative liquid chromatography and stepwise flow rate countercurrent chromatography. Thereafter, five active compounds were identified using mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. Finally, the inhibition types of the xanthine oxidase inhibitors were determined using enzymatic kinetic studies. The IC50 values of daidzin, glycitein-7-O-glucoside, genistin, daidzein, and genistein were determined to be 35.08, 56.22, 30.76, 68.79, and 95.37 μg/mL, respectively. Daidzin, genistin, and daidzein exhibited reversible inhibition, whereas glycitein-7-O-glucoside and genistein presented irreversible inhibition. This novel approach, which was based on ultrafiltration-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and stepwise flow rate countercurrent chromatography, is a powerful method for screening and isolating xanthine oxidase inhibitors from complex matrices. The study of enzyme inhibition types is helpful for understanding the underlying inhibition mechanism. Therefore, a beneficial platform was developed for the large-scale production of bioactive and nutraceutical ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Zhou Niu
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Ming Liu
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Wan-Chao Hou
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Sai-Nan Li
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Chi Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Cheng Yun
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, P. R. China
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Muresan-Pop M, Vulpoi A, Simon V, Todea M, Magyari K, Pap Z, Simion A, Filip C, Simon S. Co-Crystals of Etravirine by Mechanochemical Activation. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:1178-1186. [PMID: 34562446 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The co-crystals formation of etravirine with three carboxylic acids was investigated. New co-crystals of etravirine with adipic acid, benzoic acid, and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid have been synthesized by wet milling of ingredients for 120 min. The novelty of these solid forms was first evidenced by powder X-ray diffraction. Their different morphology was evidenced by SEM microscopy. Spectroscopic analyses (FT-IR, MAS-NMR, and XPS) highlighted the hydrogen bonds between etravirine and co-formers, as a result of the solid-state reaction of the ingredients by wet milling. Thermal analyses pointed out that the milling process caused in co-crystals a reduction in the fusion enthalpy and the melting temperature, compared to the values obtained for etravirine. These co-crystals are stable up to four months on storage under extreme conditions, excepting the co-crystal with benzoic acid which begins to transform into a polymorph of etravirine after 30 days. The UV absorption spectra of the samples tested in three simulated physiological media with pH values of 6, 6.3, and 7 have evidenced the conformation change of etravirine due to hydrogen bonds between etravirine and carboxylic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieta Muresan-Pop
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Center of Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano Interfaces, Babes-Bolyai University, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Adriana Vulpoi
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Center of Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano Interfaces, Babes-Bolyai University, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Viorica Simon
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Center of Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano Interfaces, Babes-Bolyai University, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Milica Todea
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Center of Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano Interfaces, Babes-Bolyai University, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Molecular Sciences, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Klara Magyari
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Center of Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano Interfaces, Babes-Bolyai University, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Applied and Environmental Sciences, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Pap
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Center of Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano Interfaces, Babes-Bolyai University, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Department of Applied and Environmental Sciences, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andrea Simion
- Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudiu Filip
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simion Simon
- Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Center of Nanostructured Materials and Bio-Nano Interfaces, Babes-Bolyai University, 400271 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Hou W, Liu C, Xia J, Niu H, Li S. Rapid screening and purification of potential inhibitors from Medicago sativa by ultrafiltration-liquid chromatography combined with stepwise flow rate counter-current chromatography. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:382-394. [PMID: 32893385 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medicago sativa contains flavonoids, saponins, coumarins, sterols, monoterpenes, and organic acids, with flavonoids being the main active constituents. Flavonoids naturally contain a 2-phenylchromone structure with antioxidant, free radical scavenging, cardiovascular, and trace estrogen-like effects. OBJECTIVE Screening and isolation of neuraminidase, lipoxidase, and lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors from M. sativa via ultrafiltration-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UF-LC-MS) combined with stepwise flow rate counter-current chromatography (CCC). METHOD Utilising the medicinal plants M. sativa as the research objects and UF-LC-MS was used for activity screening followed by isolation and purification of the inhibitors by stepwise flow rate CCC. Finally, identification of the three active compounds was achieved by MS and nuclear magnetic resonance. RESULTS Three major compounds, viz. quercetin, genistein, and formononetin, were identified as potent neuraminidase, lipoxidase, and lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors, respectively. A two-phase solvent system of ethyl acetate/methanol/n-butanol/water (5.0:1.5:5.0:10; v/v/v/v) was subsequently selected for separation by stepwise flow rate CCC. CONCLUSION This novel approach based on UF-LC-MS and stepwise flow rate CCC represents a powerful tool for the screening and isolation of neuraminidase, lipoxidase, and lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors from complex matrices. Therefore, a useful platform for the large-scale production of bioactive and nutraceutical ingredients was developed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanchao Hou
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunming Liu
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianli Xia
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Huazhou Niu
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Sainan Li
- Central Laboratory, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, China
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Ramos MC, Horta BAC. Drug-Loading Capacity of PAMAM Dendrimers Encapsulating Quercetin Molecules: A Molecular Dynamics Study with the 2016H66 Force Field. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:987-1000. [PMID: 33502188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The complexation of quercetin molecules with poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers of generation 0-3 was studied by molecular dynamics simulations. Three main points were addressed: (i) the effect of starting from different initial structures; (ii) the performance of the 2016H66 force field (recently validated in the context of dendrimer simulations) in predicting the experimental drug(quercetin)-loading capacity of PAMAM dendrimers; and (iii) the stability of quercetin-PAMAM complexes and their interactions. Initial structures generated by different restraint protocols led to faster convergence compared to initial structures generated by randomly placing the drug molecules in the simulation box. The simulations yielded meta-stable complexes where the loading numbers have converged to average values and were compared to experimentally obtained values. Once the first meta-stable state was reached, the drug-dendrimer complexes did not deviate significantly throughout the simulation. They were characterized in terms of structural properties, such as the radius of gyration and radial distribution functions. The results suggest that quercetin molecules interact mostly with the internal dendrimer monomers rather than to their surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayk C Ramos
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Bruno A C Horta
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
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Fujioka S, Kadota K, Yoshida M, Shirakawa Y. Improvement in the elution behavior of rutin via binary amorphous solid with flavonoid using a mechanochemical process. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Energy of the CH⋯O H-bonds and others specific contacts in the quercetin molecule: QM/QTAIM approximation formulas. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Liu Y, Zhao X, Zhang Q, Wang L, Li Y, Li Y. Characterization and Evaluation of the Solubility and Oral Bioavailability of Rutin-Ethanolate Solvate. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:241. [PMID: 32839899 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01779-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rutin has many biological activities, but poor solubility and absorption limit its oral application. This study aimed to investigate the characterization of metastable rutin-ethanolate and its solubility and oral bioavailability. In this research, a soluble rutin/CH3CH2OH solvate (Form Π) was prepared by solvent crystallization. High-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatograph, and 1H-NMR showed that Form Π was formed by rutin and ethanol in a molar ratio of 1:1. The changes of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 1H-NMR spectrum and the density functional theory (DFT) calculation predicted hydrogen bond formation between 4'-O of rutin and -OH of ethanol. The results of morphology, solid state CP/MAS 13C-NMR, X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that Form Π is a novel polymorph that differs from Form Ι (rutin trihydrate). Form Π can be stored for a long time under sealed and dry conditions at 40°C but would gradually transform into Form Ι under humid conditions. Although Form Π is a new metastable polymorph relative to Form Ι, Form Π has better solubility and faster dissolution rate. Moreover, the bioavailability of Form Π was 2.04 times higher than that of Form Ι. This outcome implied that Form Π would be a prospective raw material of oral preparation.
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Grosu IG, Filip X, Miclăuș MO, Filip C. Hydrogen-Mediated Noncovalent Interactions in Solids: What Can NMR Crystallography Tell About? Molecules 2020; 25:E3757. [PMID: 32824749 PMCID: PMC7463941 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen atoms play a crucial role in the aggregation of organic (bio)molecules through diverse number of noncovalent interactions that they mediate, such as electrostatic in proton transfer systems, hydrogen bonding, and CH-π interactions, to mention only the most prominent. To identify and adequately describe such low-energy interactions, increasingly sensitive methods have been developed over time, among which quantum chemical computations have witnessed impressive advances in recent years. For reaching the present state-of-the-art, computations had to rely on a pool of relevant experimental data, needed at least for validation, if not also for other purposes. In the case of molecular crystals, the best illustration for the synergy between computations and experiment is given by the so-called NMR crystallography approach. Originally designed to increase the confidence level in crystal structure determination of organic compounds from powders, NMR crystallography is able now to offer also a wealth of information regarding the noncovalent interactions that drive molecules to pack in a given crystalline pattern or another. This is particularly true for the noncovalent interactions which depend on the exact location of labile hydrogen atoms in the system: in such cases, NMR crystallography represents a valuable characterization tool, in some cases complementing even the standard single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique. A concise introduction in the field is made in this mini-review, which is aimed at providing a comprehensive picture with respect to the current accuracy level reached by NMR crystallography in the characterization of hydrogen-mediated noncovalent interactions in organic solids. Different types of practical applications are illustrated with the example of molecular crystals studied by our research group, but references to other representative developments reported in the literature are also made. By summarizing the major concepts and methodological progresses, the present work is also intended to be a guide to the practical potential of this relatively recent analytical tool for the scientists working in areas where crystal engineering represents the main approach for rational design of novel materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Claudiu Filip
- National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 400293 Cluj, Romania; (I.G.G.); (X.F.); (M.O.M.)
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Hodgkinson P. NMR crystallography of molecular organics. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 118-119:10-53. [PMID: 32883448 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Developments of NMR methodology to characterise the structures of molecular organic structures are reviewed, concentrating on the previous decade of research in which density functional theory-based calculations of NMR parameters in periodic solids have become widespread. With a focus on demonstrating the new structural insights provided, it is shown how "NMR crystallography" has been used in a spectrum of applications from resolving ambiguities in diffraction-derived structures (such as hydrogen atom positioning) to deriving complete structures in the absence of diffraction data. As well as comprehensively reviewing applications, the different aspects of the experimental and computational techniques used in NMR crystallography are surveyed. NMR crystallography is seen to be a rapidly maturing subject area that is increasingly appreciated by the wider crystallographic community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Hodgkinson
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
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A Never-Ending Conformational Story of the Quercetin Molecule: Quantum-Mechanical Investigation of the O3′H and O4′H Hydroxyl Groups Rotations. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10031147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The quercetin molecule is known to be an effective pharmaceutical compound of a plant origin. Its chemical structure represents two aromatic A and B rings linked through the C ring containing oxygen and five OH hydroxyl groups attached to the 3, 3′, 4′, 5, and 7 positions. In this study, a novel conformational mobility of the quercetin molecule was explored due to the turnings of the O3′H and O4′H hydroxyl groups, belonging to the B ring, around the exocyclic C-O bonds. It was established that the presence of only three degrees of freedom of the conformational mobility of the O3′H and O4′H hydroxyl groups is connected with their concerted behavior, which is controlled by the non-planar (in the case of the interconverting planar conformers) or locally non-planar (in other cases) TSsO3′H/O4′H transition states, in which O3′H and O4′H hydroxyl groups are oriented by the hydrogen atoms towards each other. We also explored the number of the physico-chemical and electron-topological characteristics of all intramolecular-specific contacts—hydrogen bonds and attractive van der Waals contacts at the conformers and also at the transition states. Long-terms perspectives for the investigations of the structural bases of the biological activity of this legendary molecule have been shortly described.
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