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Ibrahim F, Aboshabana R, Elmansi H. Spectroscopic strategies for quantitation of varenicline in pharmaceutical preparations and content uniformity testing. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:220628. [PMID: 36177195 PMCID: PMC9515633 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.220628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, two new facile methods were examined for varenicline determination using erythrosine. The latter is a food additive that has been recently investigated as a fluorescent dye for the determination of drugs. In the first method, the fluorescence of erythrosine B was quenched quantitatively by increasing the concentration of varenicline through ion-pair complex formation. This linear response was a basis for the spectrofluorimetric method used for varenicline quantitation in pure and dosage forms. The quenching is correlated with the concentration linearly over the range of 0.4-4.0 µg ml-1 at 550 nm after excitation at 528 nm with a correlation coefficient of 0.9993. Different parameters were investigated to reach the optimal conditions with the highest sensitivity and repeatability. The second method is depending on measuring the formed complex by spectrophotometry at 550 nm over the range of 1.0-10.0 µg ml-1 with an excellent correlation coefficient of 0.9999. The suggested methods were validated consistently with ICH guidelines, with acceptable results. The procedures were used to test the uniformity of content of Champix tablets. By comparing with the previous spectroscopic method, there was no significant difference as revealed from the calculated Student t-test and variance ratio F-test values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzia Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rasha Aboshabana
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Heba Elmansi
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
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Jahani M, Fazly Bazzaz BS, Akaberi M, Rajabi O, Hadizadeh F. Recent Progresses in Analytical Perspectives of Degradation Studies and Impurity Profiling in Pharmaceutical Developments: An Updated Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2022; 53:1094-1115. [PMID: 35108132 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.2008226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Forced degradation studies have been used to simplify analytical methodology development and achieve a deeper knowledge about the inherent stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) and drug products. This provides insight into degradation species and pathways. Identification of impurities in pharmaceutical products is closely related to the selection of the most appropriate analytical methods like HPLC-UV, LC-MS/MS, LC-NMR, GC-MS, and capillary electrophoresis. Herein, recent trends in analytical perspectives during 2018-April 14, 2021, are discussed based on forced and impurity degradation profiling of pharmaceuticals. Literature review showed that several methods have been used for experimental design and analysis conditions such as matrix type, column type, mobile phase, elution modes, detection wavelengths, and therapeutic category. Thus, since these factors influence the separation and identification of the impurities and degradation products, we attempted to perform a statistical analysis for the developed methods according to the abovementioned factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Jahani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bibi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Akaberi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Rajabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzin Hadizadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Peng M, Song D, Ling X, Jiang W, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Le J. Using thermal forced degradation approach for impurity profiling of budesonide solution-formulated metered dose inhalation with implementation of LC-QTOFMS and HPLC-UV. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 208:114445. [PMID: 34763210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The impurity profile of budesonide solution-formulated metered dose inhalation using thermal forced degradation approach was studied intensively in this article. The structural identification of 10 budesonide related impurities was conducted by LC-QTOFMS, and the impurity level in the formulations of different excipients and packing materials were compared using HPLC-UV. Based on our results, the impurities were classified into three groups: (Ⅰ) process impurities, including budesonide impurity A, C and F; (Ⅱ) degradation products, including budesonide impurity E, G, D, 17-carboxylate, and 17-ketone; (Ⅲ) not only process impurities but also degradation products, including budesonide impurity I and L. Budesonide impurity D, 17-carboxylate, 17-ketone and impurity L were found to be the major degradation products of budesonide, and the reaction pathways for the generation of these impurities were speculated. The generation of budesonide impurity D, 17-carboxylate and L was found to be an aerobic oxidation process induced by Al2O3 on the inner surface of aluminum canisters. Furthermore, an in-depth discussion on the proposed impact of the excipients on budesonide degradation, especially on the Al2O3-induced oxidation process, was provided in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Peng
- Department of Chemistry, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Analysis of Chemical Drug Preparations, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dongmei Song
- Department of Chemistry, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Analysis of Chemical Drug Preparations, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xia Ling
- Department of Chemistry, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Analysis of Chemical Drug Preparations, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenming Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Analysis of Chemical Drug Preparations, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Analysis of Chemical Drug Preparations, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongjian Yang
- Department of Chemistry, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Analysis of Chemical Drug Preparations, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jian Le
- Department of Chemistry, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Analysis of Chemical Drug Preparations, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Han X, Cheng FJ, Di B, Xu H, Song M, Hang TJ, Lu YT. Identification and characterization of new impurities in zopiclone tablets by LC-QTOF-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 199:114056. [PMID: 33831736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Zopiclone, a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic, is the first-line treatment for insomnia. The quality and stability of zopiclone tablets directly affects its efficacy and safety. However, the impurity investigation in zopiclone tablets remain incomplete. In this study, the accelerated and long-term stabilities of zopiclone tablets, as well as the stability characteristics under thermal and photolytic conditions were evaluated according to the ICH guidelines. In addition, a sensitive and specific LC-QTOF-MS method was developed for the separation and identification of all the impurities in zopiclone tablets and its stability test samples. Nine impurities were found in the test samples, five among them have not been reported before. Based on the accurate mass and elemental compositions of the parent and product ions obtained, the structures of all the detected impurities were identified. Combined with the formulation composition analysis and stability studies, the origins and the formation mechanisms of these impurities were elucidated. The obtained results are useful for the establishment of the optimum formulation, storage condition, manufacturing processes and quality control of zopiclone tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Han
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fang-Jie Cheng
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bin Di
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui Xu
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China
| | - Min Song
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tai-Jun Hang
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yu-Ting Lu
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Wang Y, Xu L, Lu YT, Sun FM, Wu DF, Wang JQ, Di B, Xu H, Hang TJ, Song M. Impurity profiling of alfentanil hydrochloride by liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometric techniques for drug enforcement. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34:e8847. [PMID: 32478878 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Fentanyl and its analogues play important roles in the hospital and clinic setting as anesthetics. However, illicitly manufactured fentanyl as well as the new psychoactive substances (NPS) account for 30% of all deaths in the United States. Since fentanyl derivatives and NPS are designed to produce similar effects, their related substances are similar or even have the same active groups. A comprehensive analysis of the related substances of alfentanil hydrochloride can provide a basis for the identification and supervision of fentanyl derivatives and NPS. METHODS A liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC/QTOF-MS/MS) method was developed for the separation and characterization of related substances in alfentanil hydrochloride. Degradation studies were conducted according to the ICH-prescribed stress conditions. The compounds were identified mainly through positive electrospray ionization QTOF high-resolution mass spectrometric measurements of the accurate masses of the precursor and product ions and their calculated elemental compositions. Their formation mechanisms were also discussed. RESULTS Seventeen related substances were detected in alfentanil hydrochloride and its stressed samples. Among them, nine were process-related substances and the other eight were degradation products. The stress study results demonstrated that alfentanil hydrochloride was unstable under acid, alkaline, and oxidative stress conditions, while relatively stable under dry photolytic and thermal stress conditions. Alfentanil hydrochloride was most susceptible for degradation at the N-phenylpropanamide and piperidine sites. CONCLUSIONS Process-related alfentanil hydrochloride compounds are useful for determination of synthetic routes and entangling of fentanyl analogues. The stress study results can provide a sound scientific basis for the waste water monitoring of alfentanil. These results are important for routine quality control in the manufacturing and storage of alfentanil hydrochloride, as well as for drug enforcement of fentanyl and its analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Xu
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Ting Lu
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan-Mei Sun
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong-Feng Wu
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing-Qi Wang
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Di
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Xu
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China
| | - Tai-Jun Hang
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Song
- China National Narcotics Control Commission-China Pharmaceutical University Joint Laboratory on Key Technologies of Narcotics Control, China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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