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HPTLC-based fingerprinting: An alternative approach for fructooligosaccharides metabolism profiling. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100451. [PMID: 36798949 PMCID: PMC9925861 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fructans are categorized as fructose-based metabolites with no more than one glucose in their structure. Agave species possess a mixture of linear and ramified fructans with different degrees of polymerization. Among them, fructooligosaccharides are fructans with low degree of polymerization which might be approachable by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). Thus, this study used two emblematic Agave species collected at different ages as models to explore the feasibility of HPTLC-based fingerprinting to characterize fructooligosaccharides (FOS) production, accumulation, and behavior through time. To do so, high performance anion exchange was also used as analytical reference to determine the goodness and robustness of HPTLC data. The multivariate data analysis showed separation of samples dictated by species and age effects detected by both techniques. Moreover, linear correlations between the increase of the age in agave and their carbohydrate fraction was established in both species by both techniques. Oligosaccharides found to be correlated to species and age factors, these suggest changes in specific carbohydrate metabolism enzymes. Thus, HPTLC was proven as a complementary or stand-alone fingerprinting platform for fructooligosaccharides characterization in biological mixtures. However, the type of derivatizing reagent and the extraction color channel determined the goodness of the model used to scrutinize agavin fructooligosaccharides (aFOS).
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Nasim N, Sandeep IS, Mohanty S. Plant-derived natural products for drug discovery: current approaches and prospects. THE NUCLEUS 2022; 65:399-411. [PMID: 36276225 PMCID: PMC9579558 DOI: 10.1007/s13237-022-00405-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature has abundant source of drugs that need to be identified/purified for use as essential biologics, either individually or in combination in the modern medical field. These drugs are divided into small bio-molecules, plant-made biologics, and a recently introduced third category known as phytopharmaceutical drugs. The development of phytopharmaceutical medicines is based on the ethnopharmacological approach, which relies on the traditional medicine system. The concept of ‘one-disease one-target drug’ is becoming less popular, and the use of plant extracts, fractions, and molecules is the new paradigm that holds promising scope to formulate appropriate drugs. This led to discovering a new concept known as polypharmacology, where natural products from varying sources can engage with multiple human physiology targets. This article summarizes different approaches for phytopharmaceutical drug development and discusses the progress in systems biology and computational tools for identifying drug targets. We review the existing drug delivery methods to facilitate the efficient delivery of drugs to the targets. In addition, we describe different analytical techniques for the authentication and fingerprinting of plant materials. Finally, we highlight the role of biopharming in developing plant-based biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noohi Nasim
- grid.412612.20000 0004 1760 9349Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751003 India
| | - Inavolu Sriram Sandeep
- grid.412612.20000 0004 1760 9349Centre for Biotechnology, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751003 India
| | - Sujata Mohanty
- grid.506052.40000 0004 4911 8595Department of Biotechnology, Rama Devi Women’s University, Vidya Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751022 India
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Application of HPTLC Multiwavelength Imaging and Color Scale Fingerprinting Approach Combined with Multivariate Chemometric Methods for Medicinal Plant Clustering According to Their Species. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237225. [PMID: 34885806 PMCID: PMC8659119 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, multiwavelength detection combined with color scales HPTLC fingerprinting procedure and chemometric approach were applied for direct clustering of a set of medicinal plants with different geographical growing areas. The fingerprints profiles of the hydroalcoholic extracts obtained after single and double development and detection under 254 nm and 365 nm, before and after selective spraying with specific derivatization reagents were evaluated by chemometric approaches. Principal component analysis (PCA) with factor analysis (FA) methods were used to reveal the contribution of red (R), green (G), blue (B) and, respectively, gray (K) color scale fingerprints to HPTLC classification of the analyzed samples. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was used to classify the medicinal plants based on measure of similarity of color scale fingerprint patterns. The 1-Pearson distance measurement with Ward’s amalgamation procedure proved to be the most convenient approach for the correct clustering of samples. Data from color scale fingerprints obtained for double development procedure and multiple visualization modes combined with appropriate chemometric methods proved to detect the similar medicinal plant extracts even though they are from different geographical regions, have different storage conditions and no specific markers are individually extracted. This approach could be proposed as a promising tool for authentication and identification studies of plant materials based on HPTLC fingerprinting analysis.
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Magaña AA, Kamimura N, Soumyanath A, Stevens JF, Maier CS. Caffeoylquinic acids: chemistry, biosynthesis, occurrence, analytical challenges, and bioactivity. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1299-1319. [PMID: 34171156 PMCID: PMC9084498 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) are specialized plant metabolites we encounter in our daily life. Humans consume CQAs in mg-to-gram quantities through dietary consumption of plant products. CQAs are considered beneficial for human health, mainly due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Recently, new biosynthetic pathways via a peroxidase-type p-coumaric acid 3-hydroxylase enzyme were discovered. More recently, a new GDSL lipase-like enzyme able to transform monoCQAs into diCQA was identified in Ipomoea batatas. CQAs were recently linked to memory improvement; they seem to be strong indirect antioxidants via Nrf2 activation. However, there is a prevalent confusion in the designation and nomenclature of different CQA isomers. Such inconsistencies are critical and complicate bioactivity assessment since different isomers differ in bioactivity and potency. A detailed explanation regarding the origin of such confusion is provided, and a recommendation to unify nomenclature is suggested. Furthermore, for studies on CQA bioactivity, plant-based laboratory animal diets contain CQAs, which makes it difficult to include proper control groups for comparison. Therefore, a synthetic diet free of CQAs is advised to avoid interferences since some CQAs may produce bioactivity even at nanomolar levels. Biotransformation of CQAs by gut microbiota, the discovery of new enzymatic biosynthetic and metabolic pathways, dietary assessment, and assessment of biological properties with potential for drug development are areas of active, ongoing research. This review is focused on the chemistry, biosynthesis, occurrence, analytical challenges, and bioactivity recently reported for mono-, di-, tri-, and tetraCQAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Alcázar Magaña
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Naofumi Kamimura
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata, Japan
| | - Amala Soumyanath
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jan F. Stevens
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Claudia S. Maier
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- BENFRA Botanical Dietary Supplements Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Gaião Calixto M, Alves Ramos H, Veríssimo LS, Dantas Alves V, D Medeiros AC, Alencar Fernandes FH, Veras G. Trends and Application of Chemometric Pattern Recognition Techniques in Medicinal Plants Analysis. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:326-338. [PMID: 34314279 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1953370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have been used and studied for ages, from very old registers to modern ethnopharmacology, which encompasses analytical chemistry, foods, and pharmacy. Based on international norms and governmental organizations of health, phytomedicine-for example, herbal drugs-needs to guarantee the quality control of products and identify contaminants, biomarkers, and chemical profiles, among other issues. In this sense, is necessary to develop advanced analytical methods that show interesting possibilities and obtain a great amount of data. In order to treat the data, a set of mathematical and statistical procedures named chemometrics is necessary. In terms of herbal drugs, chemometric tools may be used to identify the following in plants: parts, development stages, processing, geographic origin, authentication, and chemical markers. This review describes applications of chemometric pattern recognition tools to analyze herbal drugs in different conditions associated with analytical methods in the last six years (2015-2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Gaião Calixto
- Laboratório de Química Analítica e Quimiometria, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brasil
| | - Hilthon Alves Ramos
- Laboratório de Química Analítica e Quimiometria, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brasil
| | - Lucas Silva Veríssimo
- Laboratório de Química Analítica e Quimiometria, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brasil
| | - Vitor Dantas Alves
- Laboratório de Química Analítica e Quimiometria, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brasil
| | - Ana Cláudia D Medeiros
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Ensaios de Medicamentos, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brasil
| | - Felipe Hugo Alencar Fernandes
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento e Ensaios de Medicamentos, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brasil.,Centro Universitário UNIFACISA, Campina Grande, Brasil
| | - Germano Veras
- Laboratório de Química Analítica e Quimiometria, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brasil
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Ristivojević P, Trifković J, Andrić F, Milojković-Opsenica D. Recent trends in image evaluation of HPTLC chromatograms. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2020.1725555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Filip Andrić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Hawrył A, Hawrył M, Litwińczuk W, Bogucka-Kocka A. Thin-layer chromatographic fingerprint of selected Paulownia species with chemometrics and antioxidant activity. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2020.1725552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hawrył
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mirosław Hawrył
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Litwińczuk
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Anna Bogucka-Kocka
- Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Chemometrics: a complementary tool to guide the isolation of pharmacologically active natural products. Drug Discov Today 2019; 25:27-37. [PMID: 31600581 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chemometrics offers an important complementary tool to enhance the searching and isolation of bioactive natural products from natural sources.
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