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Peiró-Vila P, Pérez-Gracia C, Baeza-Baeza JJ, García-Alvarez-Coque MC, Torres-Lapasió JR. Analysis and classification of tea varieties using high-performance liquid chromatography and global retention models. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1730:465128. [PMID: 38964161 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
As a result of their metabolic processes, medicinal plants produce bioactive molecules with significant implications for human health, used directly for treatment or for pharmaceutical development. Chromatographic fingerprints with solvent gradients authenticate and categorise medicinal plants by capturing chemical diversity. This work focuses on optimising tea sample analysis in HPLC, using a model-based approach without requiring standards. Predicting the gradient profile effects on full signals was the basis to identify optimal separation conditions. Global models characterised retention and bandwidth for 14 peaks in the chromatograms across varied elution conditions, facilitating resolution optimisation of 63 peaks, covering 99.95 % of total peak area. The identified optimal gradient was applied to classify 40 samples representing six tea varieties. Matrices of baseline-corrected signals, elution bands, and band ratios, were evaluated to select the best dataset. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), k-means clustering, and Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) assessed classification feasibility. Classification limitations were found reasonable due to tea processing complexities, involving drying and fermentation influenced by environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Peiró-Vila
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universitat de València, C/ Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot 46100, Spain
| | - C Pérez-Gracia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universitat de València, C/ Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot 46100, Spain
| | - J J Baeza-Baeza
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universitat de València, C/ Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot 46100, Spain
| | - M C García-Alvarez-Coque
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universitat de València, C/ Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot 46100, Spain
| | - J R Torres-Lapasió
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universitat de València, C/ Dr. Moliner 50, Burjassot 46100, Spain.
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2
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Li S, Huang X, Li Y, Ding R, Wu X, Li L, Li C, Gu R. Spectrum-Effect Relationship in Chinese Herbal Medicine: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-22. [PMID: 38127670 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2290056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The quality of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) directly impacts clinical efficacy and safety. Fingerprint technology is an internationally recognized method for evaluating the quality of CHM. However, the existing quality evaluation models based on fingerprint technology have blocked the ability to assess the internal quality of CHM and cannot comprehensively reflect the correlation between pharmacodynamic information and active constituents. Through mathematical methods, a connection between the "Spectrum" (fingerprint) and the "Effect" (pharmacodynamic data) was established to conduct a spectrum-effect relationship (SER) of CHM to unravel the active component information associated with the pharmacodynamic activity. Consequently, SER can efficiently address the limitations of the segmentation of chemical components and pharmacodynamic effect in CHM and further improve the quality evaluation of CHM. This review focuses on the recent research progress of SER in the field of CHM, including the establishment of fingerprint, the selection of data analysis methods, and their recent applications in the field of CHM. Various advanced fingerprint techniques are introduced, followed by the data analysis methods used in recent years are summarized. Finally, the applications of SER based on different research subjects are described in detail. In addition, the advantages of combining SER with other data are discussed through practical applications, and the research on SER is summarized and prospected. This review proves the validity and development potential of the SER and provides a reference for the development and application of quality evaluation methods for CHM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Wu
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Canlin Li
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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3
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Li X, Wu M, Ding H, Li W, Yin J, Lin R, Wu X, Han L, Yang W, Bie S, Li F, Song X, Yu H, Dong Z, Li Z. Integration of non-targeted multicomponent profiling, targeted characteristic chromatograms and quantitative to accomplish systematic quality evaluation strategy of Huo-Xiang-Zheng-Qi oral liquid. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 236:115715. [PMID: 37769526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Huo-Xiang-Zheng-Qi oral liquid (HXZQOL) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, with the pharmacologic effects of antiinflammatory, immune protection and gastrointestinal motility regulation. More significantly, HXZQOL is recommended for the treatment of COVID-19 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms, and it has been clinically proven to reduce the inflammatory response in patients with COVID-19. However, the effective and overall quality control of HXZQOL is currently limited due to its complex composition, especially the large amount of volatile and non-volatile active components involved. In this study, aimed to fully develop a comprehensive strategy based on non-targeted multicomponent identification, targeted authentication and quantitative analysis for quality evaluation of HXZQOL from different batches. Firstly, the non-targeted high-definition MSE (HDMSE) approach is established based on UHPLC/IM-QTOF-MS, utilized for multicomponent comprehensive characterization of HXZQOL. Combined with in house library-driven automated peak annotation and comparison of 47 reference compounds, 195 components were initially identified. In addition, HS-SPME-GC-MS was employed to analyze the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in HXZQOL, and a total of 61 components were identified by comparison to the NIST database, reference compounds as well as retention indices. Secondly, based on the selective ion monitoring (SIM) of 24 "identity markers" (involving each herbal medicine), characteristic chromatograms (CCs) were established on LC-MS and GC-MS respectively, to authenticate 15 batches of HXZQOL samples. The targeted-SIM CCs showed that all marker compounds in 15 batches of samples could be accurately monitored, which could indicate preparations authenticity. Finally, a parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) method was established and validated to quantify the nine compounds in 15 batches of HXZQOL. Conclusively, this study first reports chemical-material basis, SIM CCs and quality evaluation of HXZQOL, which is of great implication to quality control and ensuring the authenticity of the preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejuan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Mengfan Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hui Ding
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jiaxin Yin
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ruimei Lin
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xinlong Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wenzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Songtao Bie
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Fangyi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xinbo Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Heshui Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Ziliang Dong
- Chongqing Taiji Industry (Group) Co.,Ltd., 408000, China.
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 301617, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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Chen Z, Vong CT, Zhang T, Yao C, Wang Y, Luo H. Quality evaluation methods of chinese medicine based on scientific supervision: recent research progress and prospects. Chin Med 2023; 18:126. [PMID: 37777788 PMCID: PMC10543864 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00836-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is increasingly getting attention worldwide, as it has played a very satisfactory role in treating COVID-19 during these past 3 years, and the Chinese government highly supports the development of TCM. The therapeutical theory and efficacies of Chinese medicine (CM) involve the safety, effectiveness and quality evaluation of CM, which requires a standard sound system. Constructing a scientific and reasonable CM quality and safety evaluation system, and establishing high-quality standards are the key cores to promote the high-quality development of CM. Through the traditional quality control methods of CM, the progress of the Q-marker research and development system proposed in recent years, this paper integrated the research ideas and methods of CM quality control and identified effective quality parameters. In addition, we also applied these effective quality parameters to create a new and supervision model for the quality control of CM. In conclusion, this review summarizes the methods and standards of quality control research used in recent years, and provides references to the quality control of CM and how researchers conduct quality control experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangmei Chen
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Teng Vong
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300462, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Yao
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yitao Wang
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hua Luo
- Macau Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, 999078, People's Republic of China.
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang J, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Zhang T, Zhou Y, Chen M, Huang Z, He Q, Long H, Hou J, Wu W, Guo D. Targeted trace ingredients coupled with chemometric analysis for consistency evaluation of Panax notoginseng saponins injectable formulations. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:631-640. [PMID: 37611981 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60396-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating the consistency of herb injectable formulations could improve their product quality and clinical safety, particularly concerning the composition and content levels of trace ingredients. Panax notoginseng Saponins Injection (PNSI), widely used in China for treating acute cardiovascular diseases, contains low-abundance (10%-25%) and trace saponins in addition to its five main constituents (notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb1, and ginsenoside Rd). This study aimed to establish a robust analytical method and assess the variability in trace saponin levels within PNSI from different vendors and formulation types. To achieve this, a liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method employing multiple ions monitoring (MIM) was developed. A "post-column valve switching" strategy was implemented to eliminate highly abundant peaks (NR1, Rg1, and Re) at 26 min. A total of 51 saponins in PNSI were quantified or relatively quantified using 18 saponin standards, with digoxin as the internal standard. This study evaluated 119 batches of PNSI from seven vendors, revealing significant variability in trace saponin levels among different vendors and formulation types. These findings highlight the importance of consistent content in low-abundance and trace saponins to ensure product control and clinical safety. Standardization of these ingredients is crucial for maintaining the quality and effectiveness of PNSI in treating acute cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Zhang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zijia Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaojun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tengqian Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization Technology of Pseudo-Ginseng, Guangxi Zhongheng Innovative Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd., Guangxi 530032, China
| | - Zhanwen Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization Technology of Pseudo-Ginseng, Guangxi Zhongheng Innovative Pharmaceutical Research Co., Ltd., Guangxi 530032, China
| | - Qingqing He
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huali Long
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinjun Hou
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Wanying Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Dean Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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6
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Lv Y, Wu H, Hong Z, Wei F, Zhao M, Tang R, Li Y, Ge W, Li C, Du W. Exploring active ingredients of anti-osteoarthritis in raw and wine-processed Dipsaci Radix based on spectrum-effect relationship combined with chemometrics. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 309:116281. [PMID: 36828196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dipsaci Radix (DR) is the dry root of the Dipsacus asper Wall. ex DC., which has the function of tonifying the liver and kidney, continuing tendons and bones, and regulating blood vessels. However, there are few reports on the main active ingredients. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to find the main active components of DR in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) by spectrum-effect relationship and compare the differences between RDR and WDR. MATERIALS AND METHODS Firstly, the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used to establish the fingerprint of DR, and 10 peaks of them were determined by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. Then, the OA rat model was established by injecting sodium iodoacetate to study the effect of DR on OA. The spectrum-effect relationship was analyzed by grey relational analysis (GRA) and Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS According to the pharmacological results, compared with the model group, the cartilage score, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Mankin score of rats in low, medium and high dose groups were decreased, and the therapeutic effect of wine-processed DR tended to be better than raw DR at the same dose. Finally, the active components of DR were preliminarily determined as 4 (loganic acid), 6 (chlorogenic acid), 8 (caffeic acid), 14 (dipsanoside B), 16, and 17 (asperosaponin VI) which had a large correlation in GRA and Pearson correlation analysis. CONCLUSION This study established the spectrum-effect relationship between the raw and wine-processed DR for the first time, which provided a theoretical basis for the study of the pharmacodynamic substance basis of DR before and after processing. This research provided a reference for the subsequent study of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China.
| | - Hangsha Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China.
| | - Zhihui Hong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China
| | - Feiyang Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China
| | - Mingfang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China
| | - Rui Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China
| | - Yafei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China
| | - Weihong Ge
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China; Research Center of TCM Processing Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311401, PR China; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Chinese Medicine Yinpian Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 311401, PR China.
| | - Changyu Li
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, PR China
| | - Weifeng Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China; Research Center of TCM Processing Technology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 311401, PR China; Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Chinese Medicine Yinpian Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 311401, PR China.
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Li W, Zhao F, Xie X, Yang J, Pan J, Qu H. Quantitative profiling of comprehensive composition in compound herbal injections: An NMR approach applied on Shenmai injection. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2022; 33:1045-1057. [PMID: 35750658 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Compound herbal injections (CHIs) can be regarded as a significant innovation in the modernisation of herbal medicine. Therefore, improving the quality control level of CHIs has always been an active research topic in traditional herbal medicine. OBJECTIVES In this study, Shenmai injection was used as a representative sample for investigating the ability of proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H NMR) in the quality evaluation of CHIs. METHODS A quantitative 1 H NMR method was developed to simultaneously determine the contents of total ginsenosides, polysorbate 80, and 20 primary metabolites in Shenmai injection. Multivariate statistical analysis was combined to compare differences between samples from different manufacturers. RESULTS It was found that the combined measurement uncertainty of each component is less than 1.61%, which demonstrates the reliability of the method. Furthermore, the components determined by this method account for up to 92.64% of the total solids, which is an unprecedented success in the analysis of Shenmai injection. In the end, the method was applied to the quality comparison of Shenmai injection from six manufacturers. The results showed that the differences among the samples from the six manufacturers were reflected in multiple types of components. CONCLUSION This study fully demonstrates the superiority of the quantitative 1 H NMR method in comprehensive composition profiling of CHIs, which is conducive to improving the quality control level of Shenmai injection. Further, the present study can be used as a reference study for the research on the quality and safety of CHIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhu Li
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Innovation Center in Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Innovation Center in Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyuan Xie
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Innovation Center in Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Yang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Innovation Center in Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianyang Pan
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Innovation Center in Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Qu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Innovation Center in Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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8
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A new strategy based on PCA for inter-batches quality consistency evaluation. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 217:114838. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Hou Y, Gao X, Li S, Cai X, Li P, Li W, Li Z. Variable Selection Based on Gray Wolf Optimization Algorithm for the Prediction of Saponin Contents in Xuesaitong Dropping Pills Using NIR Spectroscopy. J Pharm Innov 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-022-09620-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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OUP accepted manuscript. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:1006-1016. [DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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11
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Global identification and determination of the major constituents in Kai-Xin-San by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 206:114385. [PMID: 34597841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Kai-Xin-San (KXS) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula containing four herbal medicines: Ginseng Radix Rhizoma, Polygalae Radix, Poria and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma. A large number of pharmacological studies in vitro and in vivo have shown that KXS is characterized by anti-depression, anti-Alzheimer's disease, anti-oxidation and other activities. However, the pharmacodynamic substance basis studies of KXS are hitherto quite limited. Here, KXS was identified and determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Firstly, the data-dependent acquisition mode (DDA) of UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS combined with the inclusion list were used to collected the chemical composition. The chemical constituents of KXS were identified by local database on compound discoverer™ 3.1 software and Xcalibur 4.1 software. With the use of this approach, a total of 211 compounds were identified from KXS. Wherein 60 compounds were from Ginseng Radix Rhizoma, 40 compounds were from Poria, and 111 compounds were from Polygala Radix, respectively. Secondly, 105 volatile constituents were identified by GC-MS analysis, which were mainly derived from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma. Besides, an adjusted parallel reaction monitoring method was established and validated to quantify the seventeen major compounds in different herbal medicines of KXS, which were chosen as the benchmarked substances to evaluate the quality of KXS. In conclusion, this study provided a generally applicable strategy for global metabolite identification of the complicated components and determination of multi-component content in traditional Chinese medicines.
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Chromatographic Fingerprinting Based on Column Switching Technology for Quality Evaluation of Tianmeng Oral Liquid. Int J Anal Chem 2021; 2021:2514762. [PMID: 34630567 PMCID: PMC8494583 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2514762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Separation power was limited when the conventional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprinting method based on a single column was used to analyze very complex traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparations. In this research, a novel HPLC fingerprinting method based on column switching technology by using a single pump was established for evaluating the quality of Tianmeng oral liquid (TMOL). Twelve batches of TMOL samples were used for constructing HPLC fingerprints. Compared with the 16 common peaks in fingerprinting with a single column, 25 common peaks were achieved with two columns connected through a six-way valve. The similarity analysis combined with bootstrap method was applied to determine the similarity threshold, which was 0.992 to distinguish expired samples and unexpired samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) were also applied to classify the TMOL samples, and results revealed that expired and unexpired samples are classified into two categories. The HPLC fingerprinting based on column switching technology with better separation power and higher peak capacity could characterize chemical composition information more comprehensively, providing an effective and alternative method to control and evaluate the quality of TMOL, which would offer a valuable reference for other TCM preparations.
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Wei XC, Cao B, Luo CH, Huang HZ, Tan P, Xu XR, Xu RC, Yang M, Zhang Y, Han L, Zhang DK. Recent advances of novel technologies for quality consistency assessment of natural herbal medicines and preparations. Chin Med 2020; 15:56. [PMID: 32514289 PMCID: PMC7268247 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-020-00335-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Quality consistency is one of the basic attributes of medicines, but it is also a difficult problem that natural medicines and their preparations must face. The complex chemical composition and comprehensive pharmacological action of natural medicines make it difficult to simply apply the commonly used evaluation methods in chemical drugs. It is thus urgent to explore the novel evaluation methods suitable for the characteristics of natural medicines. With the rapid development of analytical techniques and the deepening understanding of the quality of natural herbs, increasing numbers of researchers have proposed many new ideas and technologies. This review mainly focuses on the basic principles, technical characteristics and application examples of the chemical evaluation, biological evaluation methods and their combination in quality consistency evaluation of natural herbs. On the bases of chemical evaluation and clinical efficacy, new methods reflecting their pharmacodynamic mechanism and safety characteristics will be developed, and gradually towards accurate quality control, to achieve the goal of quality consistency. We hope that this manuscript can provide new ideas and technical references for the quality consistency of natural drugs and their preparations, thus better guarantee their clinical efficacy and safety, and better promote industrial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Chuan Wei
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1066 Avenue. Liutai, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Bo Cao
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1066 Avenue. Liutai, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Chuan-Hong Luo
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1066 Avenue. Liutai, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Hao-Zhou Huang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1066 Avenue. Liutai, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Peng Tan
- Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Xiao-Rong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1066 Avenue. Liutai, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Run-Chun Xu
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1066 Avenue. Liutai, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Ming Yang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004 China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Chengdu Food and Drug Control, Chengdu, 610000 China
| | - Li Han
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1066 Avenue. Liutai, Chengdu, 611137 China
| | - Ding-Kun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Drug Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1066 Avenue. Liutai, Chengdu, 611137 China
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Comprehensive quality evaluation strategy based on non-targeted, targeted and bioactive analyses for traditional Chinese medicine: Tianmeng oral liquid as a case study. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1620:460988. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.460988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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