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Aljohani A, Rashwan N, Vasani S, Alkhawashki A, Wu TT, Lu X, Castillo DA, Xiao J. The Health Benefits of Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10287-3. [PMID: 38816672 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10287-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
To ensure effective administration of probiotics in clinical practice, it is crucial to comprehend the specific strains and their association with human health. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the scientific evidence on the impact of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum probiotic consumption on human health. Out of 11,831 records, 135 studies were assessed qualitatively, and 18 studies were included in the meta-analysis. This systematic review demonstrated that probiotic supplementation with L. plantarum, either alone or in combination, can significantly improve outcomes for patients with specific medical conditions. Meta-analysis revealed notable benefits in periodontal health, evidenced by reduced pocket depth and bleeding on probing (p < 0.001); in gastroenterological health, marked by significant reductions in abdominal pain (p < 0.001); and in infectious disease, through a reduction in C-reactive protein levels (p < 0.001). Cardiovascular benefits included lowered total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the L. plantarum intervention group (p < 0.05). Our study's clinical significance highlights the importance of considering probiotic strain and their application to specific diseases when planning future studies and clinical interventions, emphasizing the need for further research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Aljohani
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Noha Rashwan
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Shruti Vasani
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ahmed Alkhawashki
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Pediatrics, King Fahd Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tong Tong Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, USA
| | - Xingyi Lu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, USA
| | - Daniel A Castillo
- Miner Library, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jin Xiao
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
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2
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Ciont C, Mesaroș A, Pop OL, Vodnar DC. Iron oxide nanoparticles carried by probiotics for iron absorption: a systematic review. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:124. [PMID: 37038224 PMCID: PMC10088223 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01880-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One-third of the world's population has anemia, contributing to higher morbidity and death and impaired neurological development. Conventional anemia treatment raises concerns about iron bioavailability and gastrointestinal (GI) adverse effects. This research aims to establish how iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) interact with probiotic cells and how they affect iron absorption, bioavailability, and microbiota variation. METHODS Pointing to the study of the literature and developing a review and critical synthesis, a robust search methodology was utilized by the authors. The literature search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Information was collected between January 2017 and June 2022 using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) protocols for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We identified 122 compatible research articles. RESULTS The research profile of the selected scientific articles revealed the efficacy of IONPs treatment carried by probiotics versus conventional treatment. Therefore, the authors employed content assessment on four topics to synthesize previous studies. The key subjects of the reviewed reports are the characteristics of the IONPs synthesis method, the evaluation of cell absorption and cytotoxicity of IONPs, and the transport of IONPs with probiotics in treating anemia. CONCLUSIONS To ensure a sufficient iron level in the enterocyte, probiotics with the capacity to attach to the gut wall transport IONPs into the enterocyte, where the maghemite nanoparticles are released.
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Affiliation(s)
- Călina Ciont
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Molecular Nutrition and Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Amalia Mesaroș
- Physics and Chemistry Department, C4S Centre, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 28 Memorandumului Street, 400114, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Molecular Nutrition and Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Lelia Pop
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Molecular Nutrition and Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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3
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Khan AZ, Badar S, O'Callaghan KM, Zlotkin S, Roth DE. Fecal Iron Measurement in Studies of the Human Intestinal Microbiome. Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzac143. [PMID: 36475017 PMCID: PMC9718653 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential micronutrient for humans and their intestinal microbiota. Host intestinal cells and iron-dependent bacteria compete for intraluminal iron, so the composition and functions of the gut microbiota may influence iron availability. Studies of the effects of the microbiota or probiotic interventions on host iron absorption may be particularly relevant to settings with high burdens of iron deficiency and gastrointestinal infections, since inflammation reduces iron bioavailability and unabsorbed intraluminal iron may modify the composition of the microbiota. The quantification of stool iron content may serve as an indicator of the amount of intraluminal iron to which the intestinal microbiota is exposed, which is particularly relevant for studies of the effect of iron on the intestinal microbiome, where fecal samples collected for purposes of microbiome characterization can be leveraged for stool iron analysis. However, few studies are available to guide researchers in the selection and implementation of stool iron assays, particularly because cross-comparison of available methods is limited in literature. This review aims to describe the available stool iron quantification methods and highlight their potential application in studies of iron-microbiome relationships, with a focus on pediatric research. MS-based methods offer high sensitivity and precision, but the need for expensive equipment and the high per-sample and maintenance costs may limit their widespread use. Conversely, colorimetric assays offer lower cost, ease of use, and rapid turnaround times but have thus far been optimized primarily for blood-derived matrices rather than stool. Further research efforts are needed to validate and standardize methods for stool iron assessment and to determine if the incorporation of such analyses in human microbiome studies 1) yields insights into the interactions between intestinal microbiota and iron and 2) contributes to the development of interventions that mitigate iron deficiency and promote a healthy microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afreen Z Khan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for Global Child Health and SickKids Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sayema Badar
- Centre for Global Child Health and SickKids Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Karen M O'Callaghan
- Centre for Global Child Health and SickKids Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Stanley Zlotkin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for Global Child Health and SickKids Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Daniel E Roth
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for Global Child Health and SickKids Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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4
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Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Postbiotics in the Prevention and Treatment of Anemia. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071330. [PMID: 35889049 PMCID: PMC9317605 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is very common and affects approximately 1/3 of the world’s human population. There are strong research data that some probiotics, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum improve iron absorption and influence the course of anemia. Furthermore, prebiotics, including galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and fructooligosaccharides (FOS), increase iron bioavailability and decrease its destructive effect on the intestinal microbiota. In addition, multiple postbiotics, which are probiotic metabolites, including vitamins, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and tryptophan, are involved in the regulation of intestinal absorption and may influence iron status in humans. This review presents the actual data from research studies on the influence of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics on the prevention and therapy of IDA and the latest findings regarding their mechanisms of action. A comparison of the latest research data and theories regarding the role of pre-, post-, and probiotics and the mechanism of their action in anemias is also presented and discussed.
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5
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Effects of probiotics on immunity and iron homeostasis: A mini-review. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 49:24-27. [PMID: 35623819 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency remains a major problem in both developed and developing countries. Iron supplementation has been used as a standard intervention for the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). There are many factors affecting the efficacy, including stunting, infections or inflammations, and genetics. Recently, some studies have been conducted to further investigate the effects of probiotics on immunity and iron homeostasis. This mini review discusses about some important factors that can improve the management of IDA.
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6
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Effect of Lacticaseibacillus casei Zhang on iron status, immunity, and gut microbiota of mice fed with low-iron diet. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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7
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Iron Deficiency in Celiac Disease: Prevalence, Health Impact, and Clinical Management. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103437. [PMID: 34684433 PMCID: PMC8537360 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential nutrient to life and is required for erythropoiesis, oxidative, metabolism, and enzymatic activities. It is a cofactor for mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes, the citric acid cycle, and DNA synthesis, and it promotes the growth of immune system cells. Thus, iron deficiency (ID) leads to deleterious effects on the overall health of individuals, causing significant morbidity. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most recognized type of anemia in patients with celiac disease (CD) and may be present in over half of patients at the time of diagnosis. Folate and vitamin B12 malabsorption, nutritional deficiencies, inflammation, blood loss, development of refractory CD, and concomitant Heliobacter pylori infection are other causes of anemia in such patients. The decision to replenish iron stores and the route of administration (oral or intravenous) are controversial due, in part, to questions surrounding the optimal formulation and route of administration. This paper provides an algorithm based on the severity of symptoms; its impact on the health-related quality of life (HRQL); the tolerance and efficiency of oral iron; and other factors that predict a poor response to oral iron, such as the severity of histological damage, poor adherence to GFD, and blood loss due to mucosal lesions.
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8
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Talarico V, Giancotti L, Mazza GA, Miniero R, Bertini M. Iron Deficiency Anemia in Celiac Disease. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051695. [PMID: 34067622 PMCID: PMC8156426 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The iron absorption process developsmainly in the proximal duodenum. This portion of the intestine is typically destroyed in celiac disease (CD), resulting in a reduction in absorption of iron and subsequent iron deficiency anemia (IDA). In fact, the most frequent extra-intestinal manifestation (EIM) of CD is IDA, with a prevalence between 12 and 82% (in relation with the various reports) in patients with new CD diagnosis. The primary treatment of CD is the gluten-free diet (GFD), which is associated with adequate management of IDA, if present. Iron replacement treatment historically has been based on oral products containing ferrous sulphate (FS). However, the absorption of FS is limited in patients with active CD and unpredictable in patients on a GFD. Furthermore, a poor tolerability of this kind of ferrous is particularly frequent in patients with CD or with other inflammatory bowel diseases. Normalization from anemic state typically occurs after at least 6 months of GFD, but the process can take up to 2 years for iron stores to replenish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Talarico
- Department of Pediatric, Pugliese-Ciaccio Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39–34–0245–7848
| | - Laura Giancotti
- Unit of Pediatrics, University “Magna Graecia”, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Antonio Mazza
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Roberto Miniero
- Department of Pediatric, Pugliese-Ciaccio Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Marco Bertini
- R&D Department, Laboratori Baldacci SpA, 56121 Pisa, Italy;
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9
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Verna G, Sila A, Liso M, Mastronardi M, Chieppa M, Cena H, Campiglia P. Iron-Enriched Nutritional Supplements for the 2030 Pharmacy Shelves. Nutrients 2021; 13:378. [PMID: 33530485 PMCID: PMC7912282 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) affects people of all ages in many countries. Due to intestinal blood loss and reduced iron absorption, ID is a threat to IBD patients, women, and children the most. Current therapies can efficiently recover normal serum transferrin saturation and hemoglobin concentration but may cause several side effects, including intestinal inflammation. ID patients may benefit from innovative nutritional supplements that may satisfy iron needs without side effects. There is a growing interest in new iron-rich superfoods, like algae and mushrooms, which combine antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties with iron richness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Verna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Annamaria Sila
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Institute of Research, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (M.L.); (M.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Marina Liso
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Institute of Research, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (M.L.); (M.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Mauro Mastronardi
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Institute of Research, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (M.L.); (M.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Marcello Chieppa
- National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Institute of Research, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (M.L.); (M.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Hellas Cena
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri I.R.C.C.S, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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10
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Abstract
Iron supplementation and fortification are used to treat iron deficiency, which is often associated with gastrointestinal conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. Within the gut, commensal bacteria contribute to maintaining systemic iron homeostasis. Disturbances that lead to excess iron promote the replication and virulence of enteric pathogens. Consequently, research has been interested in better understanding the effects of iron supplementation and fortification on gut bacterial composition and overall gut health. While animal and human trials have shown seemingly conflicting results, these studies emphasize how numerous factors influence gut microbial composition. Understanding how different iron formulations and doses impact specific bacteria will improve the outcomes of iron supplementation and fortification in humans. Furthermore, discerning the nuances of iron supplementation and fortification will benefit subpopulations that currently do not respond well to treatment.
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11
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Rauf A, Shariati MA, Khalil AA, Bawazeer S, Heydari M, Plygun S, Laishevtcev A, Hussain MB, Alhumaydhi FA, Aljohani ASM. Hepcidin, an overview of biochemical and clinical properties. Steroids 2020; 160:108661. [PMID: 32450084 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepcidin is a peptide hormone which helps in regulating iron homeostasis in the human body. Iron obtained from daily diet is passed through the intestinal enterocyte apical membrane via divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), which is either stored as ferritin or moved into the plasma by hepcidin-ferroportin (Fpn) as an exporter. Hepcidin (hepatic bactericidal protein) is a cysteine rich peptide, was initially identified as a urinary antimicrobial peptide. It contains 25 amino acids and four disulfide bridges. It has significant role in regulation of iron in the body. Stimulation of iron in plasma and further its storage is linked with the production of hepcidin. This enhancement of iron hampers the absorption of iron from the diet. The cause of hereditary recessive anemia also known as Iron-refractory iron deficiency anemia (IRIDA) is characterized by increased hepcidin production due to a gene mutation in the suppressor matriptase-2/TMPRSS6. During infection, hepcidin plays a defensive role against various infections by depleting the extracellular iron from the body. Moreover, hepcidin lowers the concentrations of iron from the duodenal enterocytes, macrophages and also decrease its transport across the placenta.This review highlights the significant role of hepcidin in the iron homeostasis and as an antimicrobial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Laboratory of Biocontrol and Antimicrobial Resistance, Orel State University Named After I.S. Turgenev, 302026 Orel, Russia
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saud Bawazeer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, P.O. Box 42, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mojtaba Heydari
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sergey Plygun
- Laboratory of Biocontrol and Antimicrobial Resistance, Orel State University Named After I.S. Turgenev, 302026 Orel, Russia; European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Basel 4051, Switzerland; Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow Region 143050, Russia
| | - Alexy Laishevtcev
- Laboratory of Biocontrol and Antimicrobial Resistance, Orel State University Named After I.S. Turgenev, 302026 Orel, Russia; Federal Research Center - All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine named after K.I. Skryabin and Y.R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 109428, Russia
| | - Muhammad Bilal Hussain
- Institute of Home and Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Rusu IG, Suharoschi R, Vodnar DC, Pop CR, Socaci SA, Vulturar R, Istrati M, Moroșan I, Fărcaș AC, Kerezsi AD, Mureșan CI, Pop OL. Iron Supplementation Influence on the Gut Microbiota and Probiotic Intake Effect in Iron Deficiency-A Literature-Based Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1993. [PMID: 32635533 PMCID: PMC7400826 DOI: 10.3390/nu12071993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency in the human body is a global issue with an impact on more than two billion individuals worldwide. The most important functions ensured by adequate amounts of iron in the body are related to transport and storage of oxygen, electron transfer, mediation of oxidation-reduction reactions, synthesis of hormones, the replication of DNA, cell cycle restoration and control, fixation of nitrogen, and antioxidant effects. In the case of iron deficiency, even marginal insufficiencies may impair the proper functionality of the human body. On the other hand, an excess in iron concentration has a major impact on the gut microbiota composition. There are several non-genetic causes that lead to iron deficiencies, and thus, several approaches in their treatment. The most common methods are related to food fortifications and supplements. In this review, following a summary of iron metabolism and its health implications, we analyzed the scientific literature for the influence of iron fortification and supplementation on the gut microbiome and the effect of probiotics, prebiotics, and/or synbiotics in iron absorption and availability for the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Gabriela Rusu
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.G.R.); (R.S.); (D.C.V.); (C.R.P.); (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (A.D.K.); (C.I.M.)
| | - Ramona Suharoschi
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.G.R.); (R.S.); (D.C.V.); (C.R.P.); (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (A.D.K.); (C.I.M.)
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.G.R.); (R.S.); (D.C.V.); (C.R.P.); (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (A.D.K.); (C.I.M.)
| | - Carmen Rodica Pop
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.G.R.); (R.S.); (D.C.V.); (C.R.P.); (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (A.D.K.); (C.I.M.)
| | - Sonia Ancuța Socaci
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.G.R.); (R.S.); (D.C.V.); (C.R.P.); (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (A.D.K.); (C.I.M.)
| | - Romana Vulturar
- Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, University Babes-Bolyai, 400327 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Magdalena Istrati
- Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology “Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor”, 400158 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ioana Moroșan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Anca Corina Fărcaș
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.G.R.); (R.S.); (D.C.V.); (C.R.P.); (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (A.D.K.); (C.I.M.)
| | - Andreea Diana Kerezsi
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.G.R.); (R.S.); (D.C.V.); (C.R.P.); (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (A.D.K.); (C.I.M.)
| | - Carmen Ioana Mureșan
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.G.R.); (R.S.); (D.C.V.); (C.R.P.); (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (A.D.K.); (C.I.M.)
| | - Oana Lelia Pop
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.G.R.); (R.S.); (D.C.V.); (C.R.P.); (S.A.S.); (A.C.F.); (A.D.K.); (C.I.M.)
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13
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Vonderheid SC, Tussing-Humphreys L, Park C, Pauls H, OjiNjideka Hemphill N, LaBomascus B, McLeod A, Koenig MD. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Probiotic Species on Iron Absorption and Iron Status. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11122938. [PMID: 31816981 PMCID: PMC6949908 DOI: 10.3390/nu11122938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Strategies to prevent iron deficiency anemia (IDA) have varying effectiveness. The purpose of this systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis was to examine the effects of probiotics on iron absorption and iron status-related markers in humans. Methods: We followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines. Relevant articles were identified from Embase, Pubmed, Scopus, and CINAHL from inception to February, 2019. We conducted a meta-analysis for eight studies examining the effect of the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum 299v (Lp299v) on iron absorption. Results: Fifteen studies reported in 12 articles were identified (N = 950). Our meta-analysis of eight studies using a random-effects model demonstrated a significant increase in iron absorption following administration of the probiotic Lp299v with a pooled standardized mean difference (an average intervention effect size) of 0.55 (95% CI 0.22–0.88, p = 0.001). Of the seven randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized clinical trials examining a range of probiotic species on iron status, only one study supplementing with Lp299v showed improvement in serum iron; no other studies reported improvement in iron status-related indices with probiotic treatment. Conclusions: Lp299v significantly improved iron absorption in humans. Future research should include the assessment of Lp299v effect on iron absorption and iron status in populations at high risk of IDA, including pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan C. Vonderheid
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.C.V.); (C.P.); (H.P.)
| | - Lisa Tussing-Humphreys
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA;
| | - Chang Park
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.C.V.); (C.P.); (H.P.)
| | - Heather Pauls
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.C.V.); (C.P.); (H.P.)
| | - Nefertiti OjiNjideka Hemphill
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (N.O.H.); (B.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Bazil LaBomascus
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (N.O.H.); (B.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Andrew McLeod
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (N.O.H.); (B.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Mary Dawn Koenig
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.C.V.); (C.P.); (H.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-312-996-7942
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