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Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhu W. Peer effects and health impacts of different body cognitive biases in children: micro evidence from China. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1305795. [PMID: 38259771 PMCID: PMC10800558 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1305795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In China, children commonly display body cognitive biases, which constitute a significant yet hidden public health issue. These biases potentially jeopardize children's well-being, hinder the cultivation of human capital, and impede societal progress. However, limited research employs theoretical analysis and econometric testing to investigate the formation of different body cognitive biases among Chinese children and their health impacts. Methods Based on a local average network model for theoretical analysis, this study utilizes a sample of 4,289 children from four phases of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) conducted from 2004 to 2011. Utilizing Logit and IV Probit models, systematically evaluate the peer effect, heterogeneity of effects, and health impacts of children's different body cognitive biases. Results (1) The peer effect contributes to the development of light- and heavy-body cognitive biases in Chinese children. (2) The heterogeneity analysis shows that the peer effect of body cognitive biases is more significant in rural and female children. (3) The influence of heavy-body cognitive bias is more pronounced in adolescent children. (4) The "eating-activity balance" is disrupted by the two body cognitive biases in children, leading to deviations from normal body type. (5) Specifically, the light-body cognitive bias leads children to intake more and burn fewer calories, increasing their risk of obesity. (6) Conversely, the heavy-body cognitive bias prompts children to intake less and expend more calories, resulting in a higher prevalence of thinness. Discussion This study innovates by exploring peer effects on body cognitive biases in Chinese children, elucidating their direction and health implications. While overweight and obesity are recognized as overt health issues, the spread and impact of implicit issues like body cognitive biases should not be overlooked. Nevertheless, the issue is largely neglected in developing countries, such as China, where existing children's health policies are inadequate in addressing it. Promoting accurate body image perception and understanding of health prevention strategies among children requires adequate attention to peer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Samson MS, Barba CVC, Africa LS, Aguilar JS, Paunlagui MM, Rola AC, Vigilla-Montecillo KR, Saludes TA, Barrio AND. Effect of Buffalo Milk Consumption on the Growth of 10 to 12 years Old Schoolgirls in Magdalena, Laguna, Philippines. Nutr Metab Insights 2023; 16:11786388231151355. [PMID: 37197267 PMCID: PMC10184191 DOI: 10.1177/11786388231151355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Milk contains essential nutrients that help can improve the growth and development of adolescent girls. Objectives The study determined the effect of milk consumption on the nutritional status of schoolgirls ages 10 to 12 years old in Magdalena, Laguna, Philippines. Methodology A quasi-experimental study design was used to determine the impact of daily consumption of 200 ml buffalo milk on the prevalence of undernutrition among the 57 schoolgirl participants before and after 160 days. One sample t-test and paired t-test were used to compare the actual and expected total increment and monthly changes in the height and body mass index (BMI) of the participants, while a one-way analysis of variance was used to compare the actual total changes in height and BMI by age. Factors that are correlated with these measurements were identified based on Spearman's correlation coefficients. Results The percentage of stunting (31.6%-22.8%) and thinness (21.1%-15.8%) decreased after the milk feeding. Significant differences were observed in the means of total actual and expected changes in height (P < .00) and BMI (P < .00). While there were significant differences in the means of actual and expected monthly changes in height every month, this was only observed in the first 2 months for BMI. Only the mean actual changes in height had significant differences when compared by age (P = .04). Lastly, the age and education of the father were found to be correlated with the height of the schoolgirls. Conclusion Buffalo milk consumption can improve the growth outcomes of schoolgirls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marivic S Samson
- University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
- Department of Health, National Nutrition Council, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Corazon VC Barba
- University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Leila S Africa
- University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Juliet S Aguilar
- University of the Philippines Manila, Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Agnes C Rola
- University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
| | - Kristine R. Vigilla-Montecillo
- University of the Philippines Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
- Department of Science and Technology – Science Education Institute, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Thelma A Saludes
- Philippine Carabao Center, Los Baños, College, Laguna, Philippines
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Li C, Zhang M, Tarken AY, Cao Y, Li Q, Wang H. Secular trends and sociodemographic determinants of thinness, overweight and obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 7-18 years from 2010 to 2018. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1128552. [PMID: 37213615 PMCID: PMC10192611 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1128552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most studies have focused on overweight/obesity and its secular trend, with insufficient studies on the factors influencing thinness and trends recently. To examine the trends of prevalence and sociodemographic determinants of thinness, overweight, and obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 years from 2010 to 2018. Methods This study was based on cross-sectional data of 11,234 children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 years from the Chinese Family Panel Studies (CFPS) in 2010, 2014, and 2018, including anthropometric and sociodemographic characteristics variables. The nutritional status of each individual was determined according to China and WHO criteria. The demographic characteristics of different subgroups were tested by chi-square, and log-binomial regression was used to analyze the trend of prevalence and the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and different nutritional statuses. Results After adjusting for age, from 2010 to 2018, the overall prevalence of thinness decreased, and the prevalence of overweight increased in Chinese children and adolescents. The overall prevalence of obesity declined in boys and increased in girls, but in adolescents aged 16-18 years, it increased significantly. Log-binomial regression analysis showed that among all subjects, time (years), 16-18 years were negatively associated with thinness, while 13-15 years, walking to school, large family size, and paternal age at childbirth older than 30 years old were positively associated with thinness; 10-12/13-15/16-18 years, boarding at school, medium and large family sizes, and mother's education at junior middle school/junior high school and above were negatively associated with overweight/obesity, while time (years), boys were positively associated with overweight/obesity in the multivariate model by adjusting for the statistically significant factors (all p < 0.05). Conclusion Chinese children and adolescents are facing a double burden of malnutrition. Future public health policies and interventions should prioritize high-risk groups specifically young age groups, boys, larger family sizes and so on.
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Li S, Liu D, Kang Y, Qu P, Mi B, Zhu Z, Han L, Zhao Y, Chen F, Pei L, Zeng L, Wang D, Yan H, Dang S. Associations of B Vitamin-Related Dietary Pattern during Pregnancy with Birth Outcomes: A Population-Based Study in Northwest China. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030600. [PMID: 35276959 PMCID: PMC8838836 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to derive a maternal dietary pattern to explain the variation in B vitamins during pregnancy and to investigate this pattern in relation to birth outcomes. A total of 7347 women who gave birth to live newborns less than one year were included. Their dietary pattern during pregnancy was derived using the reduced-rank regression method with six B vitamins as response variables. Associations between dietary pattern score and birth weight, gestational age at delivery, birth weight Z score, low birth weight, preterm, and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) were estimated using generalised linear mixed models. We identified a high B-vitamin dietary pattern characterised by high intakes of animal foods, vegetables, fungi and algae, legumes, and low intakes of oils and cereals. Women in the highest quartile of this pattern score had newborns with a 44.5 g (95% CI: 13.8, 75.2 g) higher birth weight, 0.101 (95% CI: 0.029, 0.172) higher birth weight Z score, and 27.2% (OR: 0.728; 95% CI: 0.582, 0.910) lower risk of SGA than those in the lowest quartile. Our study suggested that adherence to the high B-vitamin dietary pattern during pregnancy was associated with a higher birth weight and a lower risk of SGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271016, China;
| | - Danmeng Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (D.L.); (Y.K.); (B.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (F.C.); (L.P.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Yijun Kang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (D.L.); (Y.K.); (B.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (F.C.); (L.P.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Pengfei Qu
- Translational Medicine Center, Northwest Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Xi’an 710061, China;
| | - Baibing Mi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (D.L.); (Y.K.); (B.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (F.C.); (L.P.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Zhonghai Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (D.L.); (Y.K.); (B.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (F.C.); (L.P.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Lixin Han
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases of National Health Commission, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China;
- Disease Control and Prevention Division, Shaanxi Provincial Health Commission, Xi’an 710000, China
| | - Yaling Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (D.L.); (Y.K.); (B.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (F.C.); (L.P.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Fangyao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (D.L.); (Y.K.); (B.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (F.C.); (L.P.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Leilei Pei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (D.L.); (Y.K.); (B.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (F.C.); (L.P.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Lingxia Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (D.L.); (Y.K.); (B.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (F.C.); (L.P.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.)
| | - Duolao Wang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK;
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (D.L.); (Y.K.); (B.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (F.C.); (L.P.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.)
- Nutrition and Food Safety Engineering Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Shaonong Dang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China; (D.L.); (Y.K.); (B.M.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (F.C.); (L.P.); (L.Z.); (H.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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Chang YL, Kuan TH, Chen CH, Tsai YJ, Chen GB, Lin KL, Tuan SH. Differences in Cardiopulmonary Fitness Between Boy and Girls With Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:911825. [PMID: 35874578 PMCID: PMC9298839 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.911825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many studies have demonstrated that patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) have generally poorer cardiopulmonary fitness (CPF). However, little is known about how the disease results in different CPF in each sex. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether sex (and gender) differences affect CPF in children and adolescents with rTOF. METHODS This retrospective study recruited adolescents and children (aged 10-18) with rTOF following an acute stage of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) who received cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in the past 10 years. CPF was determined by symptom-limited CPET with a treadmill under ramped Bruce protocol. Boys and girls were categorized into groups based on body mass index (BMI) and fat mass index (FMI). The BMI was grouped by Taiwanese obesity cutoff points. The FMI was categorized by the body fat percentage. Excess adiposity was defined as (1) "overweight" and "obese" by BMI and (2) greater than the sex- and age-specific 75th percentile of whole subjects by FMI. RESULTS A total of 185 participants (104 boys and 81 girls) with rTOF were recruited for the final analysis. Within the BMI category, 76 boys and 63 girls were in the normal group, whereas 28 boys and 18 girls were in the excessive adiposity group. Within the FMI category, 77 boys and 60 girls were in the normal group, whereas 27 boys and 21 girls were in the excessive adiposity group. The analysis of the body composition of rTOF subjects showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the subgroups of the two sexes, but both showed a smaller body size than normal Taiwanese children. When comparing the CPF within different BMI and FMI groups, the children in the excessive adiposity group had significantly lower values in metabolic equivalents (MET) at anaerobic threshold, peak MET, and measured peak oxygen consumption (VO2) to predicted peak VO2, regardless of sex. Moreover, boys (60.90%) presented poorer CPF than girls (74.22%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In Taiwan, patients with rTOF had poorer CPF than healthy peers. This study found that girls with rTOF had better CPF than boys with rTOF. The effect of gender stereotypes on sports participation and self-efficacy might be one of the contributing factors; however, further investigations are warranted to determine the causal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Liang Chang
- Department of General Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Kuan
- Department of General Medicine, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Tsai
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Therapy, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Bo Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Long Lin
- School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veteran General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hui Tuan
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Cishan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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