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Tan AYE, Deogracias JMC. Major stoma complications in pediatric patients in a tertiary hospital in a low-middle-income country: a retrospective cohort study. Pediatr Surg Int 2024; 40:208. [PMID: 39044020 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-024-05791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intestinal stomas are one of the most common parts of pediatric surgical care, and complications arising from it have significant impact on overall patient outcomes. However, data on major complications in low-middle-income countries remain limited. This pilot retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate the prevalence, types, and management of major stoma complications in pediatric patients at a tertiary government hospital in the Philippines. METHODS Medical records of pediatric patients with major stoma complications classified as Clavien-Dindo III-V from June 2018 to June 2023 were reviewed. Patient-related factors (age, sex, diagnosis) and surgery-related factors (stoma type and location, surgeon expertise) were analyzed. Descriptive statistics characterized demographic profiles, while Chi-square and t tests analyzed categorical and continuous variables, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated independent associations with major stoma complications. RESULTS Out of 1041 pediatric patients with stomas, 102 cases had major complications, representing a prevalence rate of 9.8%. Mortality directly attributed to stoma complications accounted for 1.3% of the total cases, or 14 deaths in 5 years. Neonates comprised a significant portion, primarily diagnosed with congenital conditions like anorectal malformation and Hirschsprung's disease. Ileostomies exhibited a higher incidence of major complications compared to other stoma types. Stomal prolapse and adhesive bowel obstruction are the most common reported stoma complications requiring surgical intervention while stoma revision is the most frequent corrective procedure. The median time from stoma creation to presentation of major complication was 14 months, with nearly half of the complications occurring within the first year. Only the presence of ileostomy had significant association with the development of major complications among the risk factors analyzed. CONCLUSIONS This study provides useful insights into stoma complications in pediatric patients in a low-middle income country. Despite the lack of significant associations between the patient-related and surgeon-related factors, and major stoma complications, further investigation into other contributing factors is warranted. Improvements in data collection methods and prospective studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to enhance understanding and optimize care of major stoma complications. Addressing the challenges identified in this study could lead to a comprehensive and tailored approach to pediatric stoma care and their complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Ynez E Tan
- University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippine General Hospital Division of Pediatric Surgery, Taft Avenue, 1000, Manila, Philippines
| | - Jan Miguel C Deogracias
- University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippine General Hospital Division of Pediatric Surgery, Taft Avenue, 1000, Manila, Philippines.
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Butt MF, Groen J, Jonker CAL, Burton-Murray H, Carrington EV, Chang L, Di Lorenzo C, Ellis J, Escher JC, Gorter RR, Jewell S, Karrento K, Koster EC, Nurko S, Rosen R, van Tilburg MAL, Zarate-Lopez N, Corsetti M, Benninga MA. Pediatric to adult transition care in neurogastroenterology and motility: A position paper from the American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society and European Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2024:e14869. [PMID: 39038114 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Transition services-programs that support adolescents and young adults (AYAs) as they move from a child-centered to a more autonomous, adult-orientated healthcare system-have been associated with improved short- and long-term healthcare outcomes. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of evidence exploring transition services within the neurogastroenterology and motility (NGM) field. The overall aim of this article, endorsed by the American Neurogastroenterology and Motility Society and European Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, is to promote a discussion about the role of transition services for patients with NGM disorders. The AYAs addressed herein are those who have: (a) a ROME positive disorder of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), (b) a primary or secondary motility disorder (including those with motility disorders that have been surgically managed), or (c) an artificial feeding requirement (parenteral or enteral tube feeding) to manage malnutrition secondary to categories (a) or (b). The issues explored in this position paper include the specific physical and psychological healthcare needs of patients with NGM disorders; key healthcare professionals who should form part of a secondary care NGM transition service; the triadic relationship between healthcare professionals, caregivers, and patients; approaches to selecting patients who may benefit most from transition care; methods to assess transition readiness; and strategies with which to facilitate transfer of care between healthcare professionals. Key areas for future research are also addressed, including the construction of NGM-specific transition readiness questionnaires, tools to assess post-transfer healthcare outcomes, and educational programs to train healthcare professionals about transition care in NGM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin F Butt
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jip Groen
- Emma Children's Hospital-Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte A L Jonker
- Emma Children's Hospital-Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Helen Burton-Murray
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emma V Carrington
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Lin Chang
- G. Oppenheimer Center for Neurobiology of Stress at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Carlo Di Lorenzo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jacob Ellis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychological Medicine, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Johanna C Escher
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ramon R Gorter
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Katja Karrento
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Emma C Koster
- Division of Dietetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Samuel Nurko
- Division of Gastroenterology, Center for Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rachel Rosen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Center for Motility and Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Miranda A L van Tilburg
- Graduate Medical Education, Cape Fear Valley Health, Fayetteville, North Carolina, USA
- Joan C Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Natalia Zarate-Lopez
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Physiology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Maura Corsetti
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Marc A Benninga
- Emma Children's Hospital-Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Pediatric Gastroenterology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Awouters M, Vanuytsel T, Huysentruyt K, De Bruyne P, Van Hoeve K, Hoffman I. Nutritional management of high-output ileostomies in paediatric patients is vital and more evidence-based guidelines are needed. Acta Paediatr 2024; 113:861-870. [PMID: 38389122 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
AIM Paediatric patients with high-output ileostomies (HOI) face an elevated risk of complications. This study aimed to comprehensively review the existing literature and offer nutritional management recommendations for paediatric patients with an HOI. METHODS PubMed and Embase were searched for relevant English or French language papers up to 31 June 2022. The emphasis was placed on studies involving paediatric ileostomy patients, but insights were obtained from adult literature and other intestinal failure pathologies when these were lacking. RESULTS We identified 16 papers that addressed nutritional issues in paediatric ileostomy patients. Currently, no evidence supports a safe paediatric HOI threshold exceeding 20 mL/kg/day on two consecutive days. Paediatric HOI patients were at risk of dehydration, electrolyte disturbances, micronutrient deficiencies and growth failure. The primary dietary choice for neonates is bolus feeding with breastmilk. In older children, an enteral fluid restriction should be installed favouring isotonic or slightly hypotonic glucose-electrolyte solutions. A diet that is high in calories, complex carbohydrates and proteins, low in insoluble fibre and simple carbohydrates, and moderate in fat is recommended. CONCLUSION Adequate nutritional management is crucial to prevent complications in children with an HOI. Further research is needed to establish more evidence-based guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijke Awouters
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Vanuytsel
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Huysentruyt
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pauline De Bruyne
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karen Van Hoeve
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilse Hoffman
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Mullin K, Rentea RM, Appleby M, Reeves PT. Gastrointestinal Ostomies in Children: A Primer for the Pediatrician. Pediatr Rev 2024; 45:210-224. [PMID: 38556505 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2023-006195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite the advancement of medical therapies in the care of the preterm neonate, in the management of short bowel syndrome and the control of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease, the need to create fecal ostomies remains a common, advantageous treatment option for many medically complex children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn Mullin
- Pediatric Colorectal Center, Department of Pediatrics, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX
- Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD
| | - Rebecca M Rentea
- Comprehensive Colorectal Center, Department of Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO
- University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO
| | | | - Patrick T Reeves
- Pediatric Colorectal Center, Department of Pediatrics, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, TX
- Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD
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Nakagawa Y, Uchida H, Hinoki A, Tainaka T, Shirota C, Sumida W, Makita S, Yokota K, Amano H, Yasui A, Maeda T, Kato D, Gohda Y. Preoperative management comprising tube irrigation using a trans-anal indwelling tube for infants with hirschsprung disease can allow single-stage radical surgery. BMC Surg 2023; 23:333. [PMID: 37915052 PMCID: PMC10621192 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-023-02232-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative management of Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is currently being conducted with the goal of performing single-stage radical surgery without ileostomy. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed HD cases between 2013 and 2022, as well as their outcomes related to preoperative management. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients with HD were included in this study, including short-segment HD (30 cases), long-segment HD (4 cases), and total colonic aganglionosis (5 cases). Among these 39 patients, 95% (37 of 39 patients) underwent single-stage radical surgery after management with glycerin enema use (n = 13), irrigation with tube insertion each time irrigation was performed (n = 13), and irrigation using a tube placed in the bowel (n = 11). CONCLUSIONS Preoperative management of patients with HD allowed for single-stage surgery of long-segment HD and total colonic aganglionosis. Cases that could be managed without performing an emergency enterostomy during the neonatal period were managed with irrigation until radical surgery was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Nakagawa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroo Uchida
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Akinari Hinoki
- Department of Rare/Intractable Cancer Analysis Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takahisa Tainaka
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Chiyoe Shirota
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Wataru Sumida
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Satoshi Makita
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yokota
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hizuru Amano
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yasui
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takuya Maeda
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Daiki Kato
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yousuke Gohda
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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Madadi-Sanjani O, Brendel J, Kuebler JF, Ure BM. Definition, Documentation, and Classification of Complications in Pediatric Surgical Literature-A Plea for Standardization. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2023; 33:105-113. [PMID: 36720251 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1760835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Severity grading systems for complications in surgical patients have been used since 1992. An increasing assessment of these instruments in pediatric surgery is also noticed, without their validation in children. To analyze the current practice, we performed a literature review with focus on the assessment and grading of complications. The review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies reporting on postoperative complications as a primary or secondary endpoint using a severity grading system were included. Definition for simple adverse events, classification systems used, and the time horizon of postoperative documentation were analyzed. A total of 566 articles were screened, of which 36 met the inclusion criteria. About 86.1% of the papers were retrospective and 13.9% prospective analyses. None of the studies were prospective-randomized trials. Twenty (55.6%) studies did not include a definition of adverse events, whereas the remaining 16 (44.4%) showed variations in their definitions. All studies applied the Clavien-Dindo classification, whereas five (13.9%) additionally used the Comprehensive Complication Index. One study compared alternative grading instruments with the Clavien-Dindo classification, without demonstrating the superiority of any classification in pediatric surgery. Twenty-two studies (61.1%) did not report the time horizon of perioperative complication documentation, while 8 studies (22.2%) used 30 days and 6 studies (16.7%) used 3 months of postoperative documentation. Definition and classification of postoperative complications are inconsistent in the pediatric surgical literature. Establishment of a standardized protocol is mandatory to accurately compare outcome data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Brendel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joachim F Kuebler
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Benno M Ure
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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