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Smith SM, Zhao X, Kenzik K, Michael C, Jenkins K, Sanchez SE. Scheduled Follow-Up and Association with Emergency Department Use and Readmission after Trauma. J Am Coll Surg 2024; 239:234-241. [PMID: 38629706 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000001094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After traumatic injury, 13% to 14% of patients use the emergency department (ED) and 11% are readmitted within 30 days. Decreasing ED visits and readmission represents a target for quality improvement. This cohort study evaluates risk factors for ED visits and readmission after trauma, focusing on outpatient follow-up. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a retrospective chart review of adult trauma admissions from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021. Our primary exposure was outpatient follow-up, primary outcome was ED use, and secondary outcome was readmission. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated the association between primary exposure and outcomes, adjusting for factors identified on unadjusted analysis. RESULTS In total, 2,266 patients met inclusion criteria, with an 11.3% ED visit rate and 4.1% readmission rate. Attending follow-up did not have a significant association with ED visit (odds ratio 0.99, 95% CI 0.99 to 2.01, p = 0.05) or readmission rate (odds ratio 1.68, 95% CI 0.95 to 2.99, p = 0.08). Significant associations with ED use included non-White race, depression, anxiety, substance use disorder, discharge disposition, and being discharged with lines or drains. Significant associations with readmission included depression, anxiety, and discharge disposition. CONCLUSIONS Emphasizing outpatient follow-up in trauma patients is not an effective target to decrease ED use or readmission. Future studies should focus on supporting patients with mental health comorbidities and investigating interventions to optimally engage with trauma patients after hospital discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia M Smith
- From the Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA (Smith, Zhao, Kenzik, Sanchez)
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA (Smith, Zhao, Kenzik, Michael, Jenkins, Sanchez)
| | - Xuewei Zhao
- From the Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA (Smith, Zhao, Kenzik, Sanchez)
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA (Smith, Zhao, Kenzik, Michael, Jenkins, Sanchez)
| | - Kelly Kenzik
- From the Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA (Smith, Zhao, Kenzik, Sanchez)
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA (Smith, Zhao, Kenzik, Michael, Jenkins, Sanchez)
| | - Cara Michael
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA (Smith, Zhao, Kenzik, Michael, Jenkins, Sanchez)
| | - Kendall Jenkins
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA (Smith, Zhao, Kenzik, Michael, Jenkins, Sanchez)
| | - Sabrina E Sanchez
- From the Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA (Smith, Zhao, Kenzik, Sanchez)
- Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA (Smith, Zhao, Kenzik, Michael, Jenkins, Sanchez)
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Kroshus E, Steiner MK, Chrisman SPD, Lion KC, Rivara F, Lowry SJ, Strelitz B, Klein EJ. Improving post-concussion discharge education for families seeking emergency department care: intervention development. Brain Inj 2024; 38:479-488. [PMID: 38441083 PMCID: PMC11283255 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2024.2318595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric emergency departments (ED) are where many families receive post-concussion medical care and thus an important context for helping parents build skills to support their child after discharge. OBJECTIVE Develop a strategy for increasing parent provision of emotional and instrumental support to their child after discharge and conduct a pilot test of this strategy's acceptability. METHODS In a large pediatric ED in the United States, we partnered with parents (n = 15) and clinicians (n = 15) to understand needs and constraints related to discharge education and to operationalize a strategy to feasibly address these needs. This produced a brief daily text message intervention for parents for 10 days post-discharge. We used a sequential cohort design to assess the acceptability this intervention and its efficacy in changing parenting practices in the 2-weeks post-discharge (n = 98 parents). RESULTS Parents who received the messaging intervention rated it as highly acceptable and had meaningfully higher scores for emotionally supportive communication with their child in the two weeks post-discharge than parents in the control condition (Cohen's d = 0.65, p = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS This brief messaging intervention is a promising strategy for enhancing discharge education post-concussion that warrants further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Kroshus
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mary Kathleen Steiner
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sara P D Chrisman
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - K Casey Lion
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Frederick Rivara
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sarah J Lowry
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bonnie Strelitz
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Eileen J Klein
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle, WA, USA
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Smith SM, Zhao X, Kenzik K, Michael C, Jenkins K, Sanchez SE. Risk factors for loss to follow-up after traumatic injury: An updated view of a chronic problem. Surgery 2024; 175:1445-1453. [PMID: 38448279 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2024.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss to follow-up after traumatic injury occurs at rates of up to 47%. However, the most recent data are over a decade old, and recent changes in traumatic injury patterns necessitate an updated assessment of risk factors for loss to follow-up after trauma. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review of trauma admissions from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021. Categorical variables were compared using χ2 analyses, and continuous variables were analyzed using Mann-Whitney Wilcoxon tests. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for relevant factors identified on unadjusted analysis. RESULTS Among 3,034 patients, overall loss to follow-up was 36.9%. Non-White patients, patients who underwent operations or non-surgical procedures, and patients discharged to rehabilitation facilities were more likely to have follow-up appointments within 30 days. Patients with substance use disorder and, among White patients, those with public insurance had higher loss to follow-up rates. Having a follow-up appointment scheduled with a primary care provider was the single most significant factor associated with attending a follow-up appointment. CONCLUSION Social determinants of health, such as insurance status and substance use disorder, are associated with loss of follow-up after trauma. Primary care appointments are associated with the highest attendance rates, supporting that all patients should be offered primary care appointments after traumatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia M Smith
- Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA.
| | - Xuewei Zhao
- Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Kelly Kenzik
- Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Cara Michael
- Department of Surgery, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Kendall Jenkins
- Department of Surgery, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Sabrina E Sanchez
- Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA. https://twitter.com/SESanchezMD
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Rappaport DI, Wilding KM, Adkins L, Bourque M, Miller JM. How Will a Shift to Value-Based Financial Models Affect Care for Hospitalized Children? Hosp Pediatr 2024; 14:e177-e180. [PMID: 38351892 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2023-007400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- David I Rappaport
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics
- Utilization Management, Nemours Children's Hospital, Wilmington, Delaware
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Karen Marie Wilding
- Value-Based Services Organization, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Lisa Adkins
- Utilization Management, Nemours Children's Hospital, Wilmington, Delaware
- Value-Based Services Organization, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Maryanne Bourque
- Utilization Management, Nemours Children's Hospital, Wilmington, Delaware
- Value-Based Services Organization, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Jonathan M Miller
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Value-Based Services Organization, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, Delaware
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Linton SC, De Boer C, Tian Y, Alayleh A, Bouchard ME, Figueroa A, Kwon S, Holl JL, Ghomrawi HM, Abdullah F. Effect of consumer-grade wearable device data on clinician decision making during post-discharge telephone calls after pediatric surgery. J Pediatr Surg 2022; 57:137-142. [PMID: 34732297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During post-discharge telephone calls after pediatric surgery, clinicians must rely on parents/caregivers' assessment of symptoms, which can be inaccurate and often lead to unnecessary emergency department (ED) visits. Physiology (heart rate and physical activity) data from consumer-grade wearables, e.g., Fitbit™, may inform clinical decision making, yet there has been little study of clinician interpretation of this data. This study assessed whether wearable data availability, during simulated telephone calls about postoperative, post-discharge pediatric patients, affects clinician decision making. METHODS Three simulated telephone call scenarios were presented to a diverse group of pediatric surgery clinicians. The scenarios were based on actual postoperative patients (scenarios 1 and 3 have worrisome symptoms and scenario 2 has non-worrisome symptoms) who had worn a Fitbit™ postoperatively. Each scenario was presented to clinicians (1) without any wearable data; (2) with "concerning" wearable data; and (3) with "reassuring" wearable data. Clinicians rated their likelihood, on a scale of 1-10, of recommending an emergency department (ED) visit for the three instances of each scenario, 10 being definitely ED. RESULTS Twenty-four (24) clinicians participated in the study. When presented with "reassuring" wearable data, clinicians' likelihood of recommending an ED visit decreased from a median score of 6 to 1 (p < 0.001) for scenario 1 and from 9 to 3 (p < 0.001) for scenario 3. When presented with "concerning" wearable data, the median likelihood of recommending an ED visit increased from 1 to 6 (p = 0.003) for scenario 2. CONCLUSION This study showed that wearable data affect clinicians' decision making and may be useful in triaging postoperative, post-discharge pediatric patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel C Linton
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, United States; Department of Surgery, Northwestern School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Christopher De Boer
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, United States; Department of Surgery, Northwestern School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yao Tian
- Surgical Outcomes Quality Improvement Center, Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Amin Alayleh
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Megan E Bouchard
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Angie Figueroa
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Soyang Kwon
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Jane L Holl
- Department of Neurology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Center for Healthcare Delivery Science and Innovation, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hassan Mk Ghomrawi
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Medicine, Rheumatology division, Northwestern School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Fizan Abdullah
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, United States; Department of Surgery, Northwestern School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.
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Wesevich A, Key-Solle M, Kandakatla A, Feeney C, Pollak KI, LeBlanc TW. Utilization of Text Messages to Supplement Rounding Communication: a Randomized Feasibility Study. J Gen Intern Med 2022; 37:2991-2997. [PMID: 35212877 PMCID: PMC9485328 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-021-07285-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fragmented communication with patients and families during hospitalizations often leaves patients confused about the daily plan. OBJECTIVE To pilot a supplemental text message-based platform for improving bidirectional communication about the clinical plan and patients' goals. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial PARTICIPANTS: Thirty adult patients, thirty caregivers of pediatric patients, and the interns caring for them on inpatient general medicine and pediatric services. INTERVENTIONS Patients and caregivers were texted or emailed daily to report their personal goal and assess their understanding of the team's clinical plan. Interns were texted daily to report the team's clinical plan and to assess their understanding of the patient's personal goal. MAIN MEASURES Primary outcomes were feasibility, defined as survey response rates, and acceptability. Secondary outcomes were patient comprehension of the clinical plan, trainee comprehension of the patient's goal, patient-centered communication scores, and educational satisfaction scores. KEY RESULTS Thirty adult patients, thirty caregivers of pediatric patients, fourteen general medicine interns, and six general pediatric interns enrolled. Intervention feasibility was met, with survey response rates of 80% for general medicine trainees, 67% for general pediatric trainees, 58% for adult patients, and 70% for caregivers. Patients and caregivers in the intervention arm had higher understanding of medication changes (76% vs 50%, p = 0.02) and new consultations (90% vs 61%, p = 0.002). Interns had higher understanding of patients' goals in the intervention arm (93% vs 40%, p < 0.001), particularly for adult patients (97% vs 17%, p < 0.001). Caregivers rated communication higher regarding information to help make decisions (p = 0.04). Interviews demonstrated high acceptability. CONCLUSIONS Our text message-based communication intervention was feasible and acceptable to all involved participants, with preliminary signals of efficacy. The intervention may contribute to improved understanding of medication changes and new consultations, as well as help in making decisions. A large, randomized efficacy trial of this intervention is warranted. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Wesevich
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Mikelle Key-Solle
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Colby Feeney
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kathryn I Pollak
- Cancer Prevention and Control, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Thomas W LeBlanc
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapy, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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The Severity of Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula Predicts 30-Day Unplanned Hospital Visit and Readmission after Pancreaticoduodenectomy: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10010126. [PMID: 35052290 PMCID: PMC8775671 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Unplanned hospital visits (UHV) and readmissions after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) impact patients’ postoperative recovery and are associated with increased financial burden and morbidity. The aim of this study is to identify predictive factors related to these events and target the potentially preventable UHV and readmissions. Methods: We enrolled 518 patients in this study. Characteristics were compared between patients with or without UHV and readmissions. Results: The unplanned visit and readmission rate was 23.4% and 15.8%, respectively. Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) grade B or C, the presence of postoperative biliary drainage, and reoperation were found to be predictive factors for UHV, whereas POPF grade B or C and the presence of postoperative biliary drainage were independently associated with hospital readmission. The most common reason for readmission was an infection, followed by failure to thrive. The overall mortality rate in the readmission group was 4.9%. Conclusions: UHV and readmissions remain common among patients undergoing PD. Patients with grade B or C POPF assessed during index hospitalization harbor an approximately two-fold increased risk of subsequent unplanned visits or readmissions compared to those with no POPF or biochemical leak. Proper preventive strategies should be adopted for high-risk patients in this population to maintain the continuum of healthcare and improve quality.
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