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Utispan K, Koontongkaew S, Niyomtham N, Yingyongnarongkul BE. Ethanolic extract of Ocimum sanctum leaf modulates oxidative stress, cell cycle and apoptosis in head and neck cancer cell lines. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15518. [PMID: 37128326 PMCID: PMC10148043 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocimum sanctum Linn. is a medicinal herb that has cytotoxic effects by inducing oxidative stress in some carcinomas. This study aimed to examine the impact of O. sanctum leaf extract on oxidative stress, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis in cell lines of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Isogenic primary (HN18/HN30) and metastatic (HN17/HN31) HNSCC cell lines were used. Preparation of the ethanolic extract of O. sanctum leaf (EEOS) was carried out. HNSCC cell lines were exposed to varying concentrations (0.1-0.8 mg/ml) of EEOS for a duration of 72 h, and the MTT assay was utilized to determine the cytotoxic doses. To assess the impact of EEOS on HNSCC cells, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde were measured using a fluorometric method. Flow cytometry was utilized to evaluate effects of EEOS on the cell cycle, DNA damage, and apoptosis in HNSCC cells. Caspase-3 and -9 levels in the EEOS-treated HNSCC cells were measured by ELISA. The chemical components in EEOS were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry. EEOS exhibited cytotoxicity against the HN18, HN17, HN30 and HN31 cells at minimum concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, 0.2 and 0.2 mg/ml, respectively. Treatment with EEOS resulted in a significant increase in ROS levels in HN18 and HN17 cells. Additionally, EEOS significantly induced the levels of malondialdehyde in HN18 and HN31 cells. Moreover, EEOS arrested the cell cycle in HN30 and HN31 cells, and significantly induced DNA damage and apoptosis in the HN18, HN30, and HN31 cells. EEOS selectively increased caspase-9 in the HN18 cells. However, caspase-3 was activated without apoptosis in the EEOS-treated HN17 cells. The constituents of EEOS were identified as rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, and apigenin. In conclusion, EEOS exhibits various prooxidative and apoptotic effects between HNSCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusumawadee Utispan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
- Corresponding author.
| | - Sittichai Koontongkaew
- Walailak University International College of Dentistry, Walailak University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Nattisa Niyomtham
- Walailak University International College of Dentistry, Walailak University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Boon-ek Yingyongnarongkul
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, Thailand
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Lv H, Suo Y, Sun Q, Fan J, Wang Q. Study on the effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy combined with cisplatin on human ovarian cancer OVCAR-3 cells. Adv Med Sci 2023; 68:147-156. [PMID: 36965469 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This article explores the effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with cisplatin (CDDP) on the apoptosis of human ovarian cancer cells and the mechanism of action of the combination therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human ovarian cancer OVCAR-3 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into 5-ALA/PDT group, CDDP group and combined treatment group (5-ALA/PDT combined with different concentrations of CDDP). After administration of the corresponding drugs, a CCK-8 assay was used to detect the inhibition rate of cell proliferation. After Rhodamine 123 staining, mitochondrial membrane potential changes were observed under fluorescence microscopy. The apoptosis rate and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content were detected by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to detect protein expression. RESULTS The CCK-8 assay showed that CDDP in combination with 5-ALA/PDT significantly enhanced cytotoxicity compared to treatment with CDDP alone and that low doses of CDDP were sufficient to induce these combination effects. The mitochondrial membrane potential in each combination treatment group gradually decreased with increasing CDDP concentration, while the apoptosis rate and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content detected by flow cytometry gradually increased. Western blotting assay showed that the expression of bax, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved PARP was increased, while the expression of bcl-2, caspase-9, caspase-3, and PARP was decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In summary, 5-ALA/PDT combined with CDDP can effectively inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis, and this combination may induce apoptosis by activating the mitochondrial pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxuan Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Fifth Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuping Suo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Qian Sun
- Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jingjing Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Fifth Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Potential Biochemical Pesticide-Synthesis of Neofuranocoumarin and Inhibition the Proliferation of Spodoptera frugiperda Cells through Activating the Mitochondrial Pathway. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14100677. [PMID: 36287946 PMCID: PMC9612269 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Furanocoumarins, the secondary metabolites of plants, are considered to be natural insecticides and fungicides because they prevent the invasion of plant pathogenic microorganisms and the predation of herbivorous insects. In this study, novel 2-arylfuranocoumarin derivatives were designed to synthesize by condensation, esterification, bromination, and Wittig reaction. The results showed an excellent photosensitive activity of 2-thiophenylfuranocoumarin (I34). Cell Counting Kit-8 detected that I34 could inhibit the proliferation of Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner under ultraviolet A (UV-A) light for 3 min. The inverted microscope revealed that cells treated with I34 swelled, the membrane was ruptured, and apoptotic bodies appeared. The flow cytometry detected that I34 could induce apoptosis of Sf9 cells, increase the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential, and block cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Transmission electron microscopy detected cell mitochondrial cristae damage, matrix degradation, and mitochondrial vacuolation. Further enzyme activity detection revealed that the enzyme activities of apoptosis-related proteins caspase-3 and caspase-9 increased significantly (p < 0.05). Finally, Western blotting analysis detected that the phosphorylation level of Akt and Bad and the expression of the apoptosis inhibitor protein Bcl-XL were inhibited, cleaved-PARP and P53 were increased, and cytochrome C was released from the mitochondria into the cytoplasm. Moreover, under UV-A irradiation, I34 promoted the increase in ROS in Sf9 cells, activated the mitochondrial apoptotic signal transduction pathway, and finally, inhibited cell proliferation. Thus, novel furanocoumarins exhibit a potential application prospect as a biochemical pesticide.
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Tartaglione MF, Eléxpuru Zabaleta M, Lazzarini R, Piva F, Busilacchi EM, Poloni A, Ledda C, Rapisarda V, Santarelli L, Bracci M. Apoptotic mechanism activated by blue light and cisplatinum in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:48. [PMID: 33576463 PMCID: PMC7891828 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
New approaches are being studied for the treatment of skin cancer. It has been reported that light combined with cisplatinum may be effective against skin cancer. In the present study, the effects of specific light radiations and cisplatinum on A431 cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and HaCaT non-tumorigenic cell lines were investigated. Both cell lines were exposed to blue and red light sources for 3 days prior to cisplatinum treatment. Viability, apoptosis, cell cycle progression and apoptotic-related protein expression levels were investigated. The present results highlighted that combined treatment with blue light and cisplatinum was more effective in reducing cell viability compared with single treatments. Specifically, an increase in the apoptotic rate was observed when the cells were treated with blue light and cisplatinum, as compared to treatment with blue light or cisplatinum alone. Combined treatment with blue light and cisplatinum also caused cell cycle arrest at the S phase. Treatment with cisplatinum following light exposure induced the expression of apoptotic proteins in the A431 and HaCaT cell lines, which tended to follow different apoptotic mechanisms. On the whole, these data indicate that blue light combined with cisplatinum may be a promising treatment for cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fiorella Tartaglione
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - María Eléxpuru Zabaleta
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Raffaella Lazzarini
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Piva
- Department of Specialistic Clinical and Odontostomatological Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Elena Marinelli Busilacchi
- Section of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonella Poloni
- Section of Hematology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Science, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Caterina Ledda
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Venerando Rapisarda
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Lory Santarelli
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Bracci
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, I-60126 Ancona, Italy
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ROS-Mediated Therapeutic Strategy in Chemo-/Radiotherapy of Head and Neck Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5047987. [PMID: 32774675 PMCID: PMC7396055 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5047987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer is a highly genetic and metabolic heterogeneous collection of malignancies of the lip, oral cavity, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, paranasal sinuses, and larynx with five-year survival rates ranging from 12% to 93%. Patients with head and neck cancer typically present with advanced stage III, IVa, or IVb disease and are treated with comprehensive modality including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. Despite advancements in treatment modality and technique, noisome recurrence, invasiveness, and resistance as well as posttreatment complications severely influence survival rate and quality of life. Thus, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed that offer enhanced efficacy with less toxicity. ROS in cancer cells plays a vital role in regulating cell death, DNA repair, stemness maintenance, metabolic reprogramming, and tumor microenvironment, all of which have been implicated in resistance to chemo-/radiotherapy of head and neck cancer. Adjusting ROS generation and elimination to reverse the resistance of cancer cells without impairing normal cells show great hope in improving the therapeutic efficacy of chemo-/radiotherapy of head and neck cancer. In the current review, we discuss the pivotal and targetable redox-regulating system including superoxide dismutases (SODs), tripeptide glutathione (GSH), thioredoxin (Trxs), peroxiredoxins (PRXs), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Nrf2/keap1), and mitochondria electron transporter chain (ETC) complexes and their roles in regulating ROS levels and their clinical significance implicated in chemo-/radiotherapy of head and neck cancer. We also summarize several old drugs (referred to as the non-anti-cancer drugs used in other diseases for a long time) and small molecular compounds as well as natural herbs which effectively modulate cellular ROS of head and neck cancer to synergize the efficacy of conventional chemo-/radiotherapy. Emerging interdisciplinary techniques including photodynamic, nanoparticle system, and Bio-Electro-Magnetic-Energy-Regulation (BEMER) therapy are promising measures to broaden the potency of ROS modulation for the benefit of chemo-/radiotherapy in head and neck cancer.
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Lin X, Wen G, Wang S, Lu H, Li C, Wang X. Expression and role of EGFR, cyclin D1 and KRAS in laryngocarcinoma tissues. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:782-790. [PMID: 30651863 PMCID: PMC6307426 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.7027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), cyclin D1 and KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase (KRAS) genes serve roles in the occurrence and development of tumors. The aim of the current study was to investigate the expression levels of EGFR, cyclin D1 and KRAS in laryngocarcinoma tissues and their association with clinical features. In addition, correlation between the expression levels of EGFR, cyclin D1 and KRAS was analyzed in laryngocarcinoma tissues. The expression levels of EGFR, cyclin D1 and KRAS in 46 patients with laryngocarcinoma and 20 patients with vocal cord polyps as the control group were determined using Super Vision immunohistochemical staining assay kits. The differences in clinical and pathological parameters between groups were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 16.0. The expression rates of EGFR, cyclin D1 and KRAS were 71.7, 52.2 and 39.1%, respectively in laryngocarcinoma tissues, and 10.0, 5.0 and 10.0%, respectively in vocal cord polyps. There was a positive correlation between the expression levels of EGFR, cyclin D1 and KRAS. The expression of these genes was also closely associated with the clinical stage, treatment response and prognosis of patients with laryngocarcinoma. Multivariate analysis of prognosis using the Cox regression model indicated that EGFR expression in laryngocarcinoma tissues and the clinical stage of patients with laryngocarcinoma were closely associated with patient prognosis. The results of the current study indicated that EGFR, cyclin D1 and KRAS were synergistically involved in the occurrence and development of laryngocarcinoma, directly affecting the prognosis of patients. Additionally, high expression of EGFR, cyclin D1 and KRAS facilitated the invasion and metastasis of laryngocarcinoma cells. The expression of EGFR in laryngocarcinoma tissues and clinical stage were two independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinsheng Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, P.R. China
| | - Guofeng Wen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, P.R. China
| | - Shuangle Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, P.R. China
| | - Hangui Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, P.R. China
| | - Chuangwei Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, P.R. China
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Evaluation for Synergistic Effects by Combinations of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) with Temoporfin (mTHPC) and Pt(II) Complexes Carboplatin, Cisplatin or Oxaliplatin in a Set of Five Human Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103183. [PMID: 30332729 PMCID: PMC6214074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The platinum(II) complexes carboplatin (CBDCA), cisplatin (CDDP) and oxaliplatin (1-OHP) are used as anticancer drugs in a large number of tumour chemotherapy regimens. Many attempts have been made to combine Pt(II)-based chemotherapy with alternative treatment strategies. One such alternative anticancer approach is known as photodynamic therapy (PDT), where a non-toxic photosensitizer (PS) produces oxidative stress via the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after local illumination of the affected tissue. A very promising PS is 5,10,15,20-tetra(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC, Temoporfin), which is approved for the treatment of head and neck cancer in Europe. In the present study, a combination of mTHPC-mediated PDT and either CBDCA, CDDP, or 1-OHP was applied to five human cancer cell lines from different tumour origins. Cytotoxicity was determined by the MTT assay and synergistic effects on cytotoxicity were evaluated by calculation of Combination Indices (CI). Synergy was identified in some of the combinations, for example, with 1-OHP in three of the tested cell lines but antagonism was also observed for a number of combinations in certain cell lines. In cases of synergy, elevated ROS levels were observed after combination but apoptosis induction was not necessarily increased compared to a treatment with a single compound. Cell cycle analysis revealed a formation of apoptotic subG1 populations and S phase as well as G2/M phase arrests after combination. In conclusion, pre-treatment with mTHPC-PDT has the potential to sensitize some types of tumour cells towards Pt(II) complexes, in particular 1-OHP but synergy is highly dependent on the type of cancer.
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Shen B, Mao W, Ahn JC, Chung PS, He P. Mechanism of HN‑3 cell apoptosis induced by carboplatin: Combination of mitochondrial pathway associated with Ca2+ and the nucleus pathways. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4978-4986. [PMID: 30272304 PMCID: PMC6236313 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal carcinomas have been recognized as a serious health threat worldwide. In the present study, the mechanism of apoptosis in HN-3 cells induced by carboplatin (CBCDA), a widely used anti-cancer drug, was investigated. The pro-apoptotic effect of CBCDA in HN-3 cells was demonstrated to be time- and dose-dependent. Therefore, the stages of apoptosis were investigated in chronological order. The results demonstrated that excessive generation of cytosolic Ca2+ in HN-3 cells was initially triggered when cells were exposed to CBCDA, followed by the appearance of mitochondrial depolarization and oxidative stress, leading to the release of apoptosis-inducing factor. At later stages, expression of caspase-8 was increased due to the apoptotic signals originating from CBCDA-induced DNA damage, as well as caspase-9 and poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) expression upregulation. Glutathione decreased the available CBDCA concentration, decreased apoptosis and alleviating oxidative stress, thus reducing the actual effective concentration. Mechanistic research may benefit the rational design of more efficient therapeutic strategies as well as development of novel platinum-based agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shen
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Mao
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Chul Ahn
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam 330‑715, Republic of Korea
| | - Phil-Sang Chung
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam 330‑715, Republic of Korea
| | - Peijie He
- Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
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Chatterjee S, Rhee Y, Chung PS, Ge RF, Ahn JC. Sulforaphene Enhances The Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy In Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Through Ras/RAF/MEK/ERK Pathway Suppression. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 179:46-53. [PMID: 29331658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Sulforaphene (SFE), a natural isothiocyanate from cruciferous vegetables has shown a potential anticancer effect against cervical and lung cancer. Palliative treatments like photodynamic therapy (PDT) are being implemented for a long time however, the results are still not promising in case of aggressive cancers like anaplastic thyroid cancer. The objective of this work is to establish an alternative method with the combination of photofrin-PDT and sulforaphene, a natural isothiocyanate from cruciferous vegetables, against human anaplastic thyroid cancer to enhance the efficacy of PDT. In this study, cell viability of FRO cells due to combination treatment was analyzed by MTT assay, Cell cycle arrest, MMP depolarization and ROS generation, analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis of various proliferative proteins was performed to assess the activity of combination treatment against FRO cells. From the results, sulforaphene alone showed no cytotoxicity against normal cells, however, combination of sulforaphene and photofrin mediated PDT showed a noticeable decrease in cell proliferation against FRO cells. Combination treatment synergistically caused cell cycle arrest via ROS generation and MMP depolarization. The expressions of Ras, MEK, ERK, B-Raf proteins significantly modulated due to combination treatment. PDT and SFE can induce apoptosis in anaplastic thyroid cancer cells individually but while treated in combination, it enhanced the apoptotic and anti-proliferative effect, much higher than the individual doses. In summary, our work designates sulforaphene as a unique natural enhancer of efficacy with PDT against anaplastic thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswata Chatterjee
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunhee Rhee
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; Laser Translational Clinical Trial Center, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Phil-Sang Chung
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; Laser Translational Clinical Trial Center, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Rui-Feng Ge
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jin-Chul Ahn
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Pre-medical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.
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Yang X, Xue X, Luo Y, Lin TY, Zhang H, Lac D, Xiao K, He Y, Jia B, Lam KS, Li Y. Sub-100nm, long tumor retention SN-38-loaded photonic micelles for tri-modal cancer therapy. J Control Release 2017; 261:297-306. [PMID: 28700898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The tumor penetration and accumulation of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems are highly dependent on the particle size. Nanomedicines in the sub-100nm range have been suggested by previous studies to have superior antitumor efficacy on various solid tumors. SN-38 is a very important and highly potent drug for several cancers including colon cancer. However, due to the ultra-flat aromatic structure of SN-38, it is typically very difficult to produce sub-100nm, SN-38-encapsulated nanoparticles without modification of the chemical structure. Here, we report on the successful production of 20-30nm, SN-38-encapsulated photonic micelles for effectively trimodal cancer therapy. Taking advantages of the supramolecular "π-π" stacking and hydrophobicity interaction between SN-38, and a unique class of photonic nanoporphyrin micelles (NPM), the extremely hydrophobic SN-38 was successfully encapsulated into NPM with significantly increased water solubility (up to 500 times). At equivalent dose of drug, photosensitizer and light irradiation, combination therapy with SN-38-encapsulated nanoporphyrin micelles (SN-NPM) enhanced the in vitro antitumor activity by 78 and 350 times over single treatment with SN-38 and phototherapy alone, respectively. Due to the relatively small size, SN-NPM possessed superior long tumor retention time (>5days) and much higher accumulation in tumors than in normal organs, as shown by near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging. Furthermore, the trimodal therapy (photothermal-, photodynamic- and chemo-therapy) with SN-NPM demonstrated dramatically enhanced in vivo antitumor efficacy over single treatment on nude mice bearing HT-29 colon cancer xenograft. Therefore, these sub-100nm, SN-38-encapsulated photonic micelles show great promise for multimodal cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixiao Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518000, PR China
| | - Xiangdong Xue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Oncology, 153 Central Hospital, Zhengzhou 450042, PR China
| | - Tzu-Yin Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Hongyong Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Diana Lac
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Kai Xiao
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yixuan He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Bei Jia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Kit S Lam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Yuanpei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
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Pi J, Jin H, Jiang J, Yang F, Cai H, Yang P, Cai J, Chen ZW. Single molecule force spectroscopy for in-situ probing oridonin inhibited ROS-mediated EGF-EGFR interactions in living KYSE-150 cells. Pharmacol Res 2017; 119:479-489. [PMID: 28411855 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
As the active anticancer component of Rabdosia Rubescens, oridonin has been proved to show strong anticancer activity in cancer cells, which is also found to be closely related to its specific inhibition effects on the EGFR tyrosine kinase activity. In this study, atomic force microscopy based single molecule force spectroscopy (AFM-SMFS) was used for real-time and in-situ detection of EGF-EGFR interactions in living esophageal cancer KYSE-150 cells to evaluate the anticancer activity of oridonin for the first time. Oridonin was found to induce apoptosis and also reduce EGFR expression in KYSE-150 cells. AFM-SMFS results demonstrated that oridonin could inhibit the binding between EGF and EGFR in KYSE-150 cells by decreasing the unbinding force and binding probability for EGF-EGFR complexes, which was further proved to be closely associated with the intracellular ROS level. More precise mechanism studies based on AFM-SMFS demonstrated that oridonin treatment could decrease the energy barrier width, increase the dissociation off rate constant and decrease the activation energy of EGF-EGFR complexes in ROS dependent way, suggesting oridonin as a strong anticancer agent targeting EGF-EGFR interactions in cancer cells through ROS dependent mechanism. Our results not only suggested oridonin as a strong anticancer agent targeting EGF-EGFR interactions in ROS dependent mechanism, but also highlighted AFM-SMFS as a powerful technique for pharmacodynamic studies by detecting ligand-receptor interactions, which was also expected to be developed into a promising tool for the screening and mechanism studies of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago 60612, USA
| | - Hua Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago 60612, USA
| | - Jinhuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Fen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Huaihong Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Peihui Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jiye Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Zheng W Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago 60612, USA
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12
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Cheng YS, Peng YB, Yao M, Teng JP, Ni D, Zhu ZJ, Zhuang BF, Yang ZY. Cisplatin and photodynamic therapy exert synergistic inhibitory effects on small-cell lung cancer cell viability and xenograft tumor growth. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 487:567-572. [PMID: 28431928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive type of lung cancer that shows an overall 5-year survival rate below 10%. Although chemotherapy using cisplatin has been proven effective in SCLC treatment, conventional dose of cisplatin causes adverse side effects. Photodynamic therapy, a form of non-ionizing radiation therapy, is increasingly used alone or in combination with other therapeutics in cancer treatment. Herein, we aimed to address whether low dose cisplatin combination with PDT can effectively induce SCLC cell death by using in vitro cultured human SCLC NCI-H446 cells and in vivo tumor xenograft model. We found that both cisplatin and PDT showed dose-dependent cytotoxic effects in NCI-H446 cells. Importantly, co-treatment with low dose cisplatin (1 μM) and PDT (1.25 J/cm2) synergistically inhibited cell viability and cell migration. We further showed that the combined therapy induced a higher level of intracellular ROS in cultured NCI-H446 cells. Moreover, the synergistic effect by cisplatin and PDT was recapitulated in tumor xenograft as revealed by a more robust increase in the staining of TUNEL (a marker of cell death) and decrease in tumor volume. Taken together, our findings suggest that low dose cisplatin combination with PDT can be an effective therapeutic modality in the treatment of SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Shuang Cheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, No.9 People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Yin-Bo Peng
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, No.9 People's Hospital, Institute of Traumatic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Min Yao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, No.9 People's Hospital, Institute of Traumatic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Ji-Ping Teng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, No.9 People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Da Ni
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, No.9 People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, No.9 People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Bu-Feng Zhuang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, No.9 People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China
| | - Zhi-Yin Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, No.9 People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China.
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13
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14
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Thioridazine enhances sensitivity to carboplatin in human head and neck cancer cells through downregulation of c-FLIP and Mcl-1 expression. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2599. [PMID: 28182008 PMCID: PMC5386499 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Carboplatin is a less toxic analog of cisplatin, but carboplatin also has side effects, including bone marrow suppression. Therefore, to improve the capacity of the anticancer activity of carboplatin, we investigated whether combined treatment with carboplatin and thioridazine, which has antipsychotic and anticancer activities, has a synergistic effect on apoptosis. Combined treatment with carboplatin and thioridazine markedly induced caspase-mediated apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (AMC-HN4) cells. Combined treatment with carboplatin and thioridazine induced downregulation of Mcl-1 and c-FLIP expression. Ectopic expression of Mcl-1 and c-FLIP inhibited carboplatin plus thioridazine-induced apoptosis. We found that augmentation of proteasome activity had a critical role in downregulation of Mcl-1 and c-FLIP expression at the post-translational level in carboplatin plus thioridazine-treated cells. Furthermore, carboplatin plus thioridazine induced upregulation of the expression of proteasome subunit alpha 5 (PSMA5) through mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation. In addition, combined treatment with carboplatin and thioridazine markedly induced apoptosis in human breast carcinoma (MDA-MB231) and glioma (U87MG) cells, but not in human normal mesangial cells and normal human umbilical vein cells (EA.hy926). Collectively, our study demonstrates that combined treatment with carboplatin and thioridazine induces apoptosis through proteasomal degradation of Mcl-1 and c-FLIP by upregulation of Nrf2-dependent PSMA5 expression.
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15
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Oliveira LPG, Conte FL, Cardoso EDO, Conti BJ, Santiago KB, Golim MDA, Cruz MT, Sforcin JM. Immunomodulatory/inflammatory effects of geopropolis produced by Melipona fasciculata Smith in combination with doxorubicin on THP-1 cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:1551-1558. [PMID: 27747861 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Geopropolis (GEO) in combination with doxorubicin (DOX) reduced HEp-2 cells viability compared to GEO and DOX alone. A possible effect of this combination on the innate immunity could take place, and its effects were analysed on THP-1 cell - a human leukaemia monocytic cell line used as a model to study monocyte activity and macrophage activity, assessing cell viability, expression of cell markers and cytokine production. METHODS THP-1 cells were incubated with GEO, DOX and their combination. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay, cell markers expression by flow cytometry and cytokine production by ELISA. KEY FINDINGS GEO + DOX did not affect cell viability. GEO alone or in combination increased TLR-4 and CD80 but not HLA-DR and TLR-2 expression. GEO stimulated TNF-α production while DOX alone or in combination did not affect it. GEO alone or in combination inhibited IL-6 production. CONCLUSIONS GEO exerted a pro-inflammatory profile by increasing TLR-4 and CD80 expression and TNF-α production, favouring the activation of the immune/inflammatory response. GEO + DOX did not affect cell viability and presented an immunomodulatory action. Lower concentrations of DOX combined to GEO could be used in cancer patients, avoiding side effects and benefiting from the biological properties of GEO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernanda Lopes Conte
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno José Conti
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina Basso Santiago
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Center for Neurosciences and Cellular Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Maurício Sforcin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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16
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Biswas R, Mondal A, Chatterjee S, Ahn JC. Evaluation of synergistic effects of sulforaphene with photodynamic therapy in human cervical cancer cell line. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:1675-1682. [PMID: 27485253 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-2037-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sulforaphene from cruciferous vegetable has shown to modulate various signaling pathways of apoptosis. But it has not yet been studied extensively for the cervical cancer treatment. Previous studies show the promising role of photodynamic therapy for cervical cancer. Here, we confirm that sulforaphene can synergistically enhance the efficacy of photodynamic therapy. Human cervical cancer cells HeLa were treated with a very low dose of sulforaphene (2.0 μg/ml) and photodynamic therapy with radachlorin (0.5 μg/ml) at a fluence of 27 J/cm2 (30 milliwatts/cm2, λmax ∼ 670 ± 3 nm). The combination treatment showed a synergistic effect to induce apoptosis. The mitochondrial apoptotic pathway was activated via caspase 3 and caspase 9. On the other hand, caspase 12 and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) were expressed that indicated endoplasmic reticulum stress. This combination treatment also activated death receptor pathway via activation of caspase 8 and inhibited cell proliferation via down-regulation of EGFR. Thus, several apoptotic pathways were simultaneously activated in this combination treatment which results in a synergistic efficacy of sulforaphene with photodynamic therapy. Therefore, this study could be useful in the improvement of therapies for human cervical and other types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Biswas
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - A Mondal
- Department of Pre-medical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - S Chatterjee
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - J C Ahn
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Pre-medical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea. .,Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Mao W, Sun Y, Zhang H, Cao L, Wang J, He P. A combined modality of carboplatin and photodynamic therapy suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)/MMP-9 expression in HEp-2 human laryngeal cancer cells via ROS-mediated inhibition of MEK/ERK signalling pathway. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:1697-1705. [PMID: 27481258 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-2040-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been developed as a promising treatment modality for laryngeal cancer. 9-Hydroxypheophorbide α (9-HPbD), a novel chlorophyll-derived photosensitizer, has a longer absorption wavelength, which increases the penetration of light to malignant tissues. Carboplatin (CBDCA), a second-generation platinum derivative, also has gained more popularity for the treatment of laryngeal cancer. Our previous studies have elucidated that 9-HPbD-PDT could inhibit the migration and invasion of HEp-2 cells. The objective of this study is to investigate the change of migration and invasion of HEp-2 cells induced by a combined modality of CBDCA and 9-HPbD-PDT in vitro. A wound healing assay, cell migration assay and Matrigel invasion assay were used to evaluate the cellular migration and invasion. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Western blots for epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin), MMPs (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and MEK/ERK signalling pathway were performed to investigate the possible mechanisms that may be involved. We observed that CBDCA and 9-HPbD-PDT administration synergistically inhibited the migration and invasion of HEp-2 cells. Moreover, the combined modality cooperatively repressed the EMT process and down-regulated expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 via ROS-mediated inhibition of phosphorylation in the MEK/ERK signalling pathway. Our results suggested that the combination of CBDCA and 9-HPbD-PDT might be a promising therapeutic strategy for laryngeal cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Mao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, No. 83, Fenyang Rd., Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Human Anatomy & Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huankang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, No. 83, Fenyang Rd., Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Luhong Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, No. 83, Fenyang Rd., Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, No. 83, Fenyang Rd., Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Peijie He
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, No. 83, Fenyang Rd., Shanghai, 200031, China.
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18
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Chatterjee S, Rhee YH, Ahn JC. Sulforaphene-Carboplatin Combination Synergistically Enhances Apoptosis by Disruption of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Cell Cycle Arrest in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma. J Med Food 2016; 19:860-9. [PMID: 27467015 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.3675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) causes substantial morbidity and mortality among human populations. Due to the severe side effects and low survival rate of patients with the conventional drugs, implementation of new combination therapies is much needed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a combination therapy with a conventional drug and a natural medicine. We compared the combination of chemotherapy drug carboplatin and the radish-derived isothiocyanate compound sulforaphene, which synergistically induces higher apoptosis and growth inhibition in A549, to the drug alone in human NSCLC cells. We found that this combination group significantly induced higher depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and intracellular reactive oxygen species generation than the single drug dose, followed by cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase after 24 h of incubation. In addition to that, the Western blot assays showed that combination treatment inhibited the expression of Bcl-2 and successively upregulated the expression of Bax, cytochrome C, apoptosis-inducing factor, caspase-9 and -3, and cleaved poly ADP ribose polymerase. It also modulated the expression of PI3K, p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (1/2), and p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase indicating the involvement of antiproliferative properties. Further pretreatment with pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-fmk was carried out to confirm the effect of caspases in the combination therapy-induced apoptosis. To summarize, this is the first report that sulforaphene-carboplatin combination treatment synergistically promotes enhanced apoptosis and antiproliferative effect over single drug treatment against A549, human NSCLC cells through caspase activation, MMP disruption, and cell cycle arrest. This study demonstrates that the duel character of this combination therapy may be an effective replacement for conventional therapy alone against NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswata Chatterjee
- 1 Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University , Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hee Rhee
- 1 Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University , Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Chul Ahn
- 1 Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University , Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,2 Department of Biomedical Science, Dankook University , Cheonan, Republic of Korea.,3 Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Dankook University , Cheonan, Republic of Korea
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19
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Liu CJ, Chang WJ, Chen CY, Sun FJ, Cheng HW, Chen TY, Lin SC, Li WC. Dynamic cellular and molecular modulations of diabetes mediated head and neck carcinogenesis. Oncotarget 2015; 6:29268-84. [PMID: 26337468 PMCID: PMC4745725 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most prevalent neoplasms worldwide. While numerous potent dietary insults were considered as oncogenic players for HNSCC development, the impact of metabolic imbalance was less emphasized during HNSCC carcinogenesis. Previous preclinical and epidemiological investigations showed that DM could possibly be correlated with greater incidence and poorer prognosis in HNSCC patients; however, the outcomes from different groups are contradictive and underlying mechanisms remains elusive. In the present study, the changes of cellular malignancy in response to prolonged glucose incubation in HNSCC cells were examined. The results demonstrated that hyperglycemia enhanced HNSCC cell malignancy over time through suppression of cell differentiation, promotion of cell motility, increased resistance to cisplatin, and up-regulation of the nutrient-sensing Akt/AMPK-mTORC1 pathway. Further analysis showed that a more aggressive tongue neoplastic progression was found under DM conditions compared to non-DM state whereas DM pathology led to a higher percentage of cervical lymph node metastasis and poorer prognosis in HNSCC patients. Taken together, the present study confirms that hyperglycemia and DM could enhance HNSCC malignancy and the outcomes are of great benefit in providing better anti-cancer treatment strategy for DM patients with HNSCC.
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MESH Headings
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Adult
- Aged
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology
- Cisplatin/pharmacology
- Cytoskeleton/metabolism
- Diabetes Complications/etiology
- Diabetes Complications/genetics
- Diabetes Complications/metabolism
- Diabetes Complications/pathology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
- Female
- Glucose/metabolism
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/etiology
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/metabolism
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/pathology
- Humans
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Male
- Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Middle Aged
- Multiprotein Complexes/metabolism
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- Retrospective Studies
- Risk Factors
- Signal Transduction
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Transfection
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ji Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Biology and Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Jung Chang
- Institute of Oral Biology and Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Yi Chen
- Institute of Oral Biology and Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ju Sun
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Mackay College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Ying Chen
- Institute of Oral Biology and Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chun Lin
- Institute of Oral Biology and Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Stomatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chun Li
- Institute of Oral Biology and Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Deregulation of EGFR/PI3K and activation of PTEN by photodynamic therapy combined with carboplatin in human anaplastic thyroid cancer cells and xenograft tumors in nude mice. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 148:118-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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21
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Fazaeli Y, Jalilian AR, Rezaee F, Firouzyar T, Moradkhani S, Bagheri A, Majdabadi A. Development of radiolabeled radachlorin complex as a possible tumor targeting agent. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3645-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Photodynamic effect of Radachlorin on nerve and glial cells. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2014; 11:357-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Chang JE, Yoon IS, Sun PL, Yi E, Jheon S, Shim CK. Anticancer efficacy of photodynamic therapy with hematoporphyrin-modified, doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles in liver cancer. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 140:49-56. [PMID: 25090224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) in combination with chemotherapy has great potential for cancer treatment. However, there have been very few attempts to developing cancer-targeted co-delivered systems of photosensitizers and anticancer drugs. We developed hematoporphyrin (HP)-modified doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded nanoparticles (HP-NPs) to improve the therapeutic effect of PDT in treating liver cancer. HP is not only a ligand for low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors on the hepatoma cells but also a well-known photosensitizer for PDT. In vitro phototoxicity in HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma) cells and in vivo anticancer efficacy in HepG2 tumor-bearing mice of free HP and HP-NPs were evaluated. The in vitro phototoxicity in HepG2 cells determined by MTT assay, annexin V-FITC staining and FACS analysis was enhanced in HP-NPs compared with free HP. Furthermore, compared with free HP-based PDT, in vivo anticancer efficacy in HepG2 tumor-bearing mice was markedly improved by HP-NPs-based PDT. Moreover, in both cases, the therapeutic effect was increased according to the irradiation time and number of PDT sessions. In conclusion, the HP-NPs prepared in this study represent a potentially effective co-delivery system of photosensitizer (HP) and anticancer drug (DOX) which improved the effects of PDT in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Chang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Ping-Li Sun
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjue Yi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Jheon
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Koo Shim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Zhang X, Liu T, Li Z, Zhang X. Progress of photodynamic therapy applications in the treatment of musculoskeletal sarcoma (Review). Oncol Lett 2014; 8:1403-1408. [PMID: 25202342 PMCID: PMC4156214 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has clinical approval for use as a minimally invasive therapeutic procedure that is able to exert selective cytotoxic activity toward pathological cells, particularly malignant cells. Following a number of recent technological improvements, PDT has been widely applied to the diagnosis and treatment of malignancies, including lung, esophageal, gastrointestinal, bladder, prostate, head and neck, oral and skin cancer. Studies have shown that osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor afflicting young adults worldwide, and recently, the incidence of bone and soft-tissue malignant tumors has been shown to be increasing, so the use of PDT has become an area of focus for the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Tang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Xiangsheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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Combination of chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy using graphene oxide as drug delivery system. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2014; 135:7-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Biswas R, Moon JH, Ahn JC. Chlorin e6 derivative radachlorin mainly accumulates in mitochondria, lysosome and endoplasmic reticulum and shows high affinity toward tumors in nude mice in photodynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol 2014; 90:1108-18. [PMID: 24666230 DOI: 10.1111/php.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) depends upon the amount of photosensitizer accumulated in the malignant tissues. Radachlorin is a popular photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy to treat various types of cancer. In this study, we have studied the main organelles responsible for the accumulation of radachlorin in human anaplastic thyroid cancer in vitro and in vivo. The optimal time window for uptake and clearance of radachlorin also was studied. Confocal microscopic images confirmed that the radachlorin is mainly acquired by mitochondria and partially by lysosome and endoplasmic reticulum. Studies also showed that the maximum amount of radachlorin was accumulated within 3-6 h after the treatment. Radachlorin also showed a higher affinity toward malignant tumors compared to the other organs in mice xenograft model. Uptake of radachlorin reached an optimum amount within 6 h and most of the radachlorins were also cleared from the body in next 48 h. Therefore, detailed information regarding exact accumulation sites and a time window in which maximum amount of drug is accumulated and cleared were obtained by this study. Hence, not only the efficacy of the treatment can be increased but the phototoxicity after the treatment also can be controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raktim Biswas
- Beckman Laser Institute Korea, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
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