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Yang M, Zhang Z, Fu J, Liu J, Pang J, Fan H, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Han J. Ultra-weak photon emission as a potential tool for evaluating the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine in patients with type 2 diabetes. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18055. [PMID: 37519692 PMCID: PMC10372244 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to prevent and treat type 2 diabetes (T2DM) for thousands of years. The holistic view of TCM and the "multitarget" characteristics of Chinese medicine have unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of T2DM. TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment are effective for T2DM; however, currently, the therapeutic effect of TCM is generally evaluated by asking for patients' subjective feelings, or by checking the changes in relevant indicators. The main problems are that the patient's descriptions are unclear and subjective, and although the self-reported symptoms may have improved significantly, the relevant indicators are sometimes not obvious, which cannot truly reflect the therapeutic effect of TCM. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a novel, sensitive, and noninvasive method to quantitatively evaluate the therapeutic effect of TCM. Methods In this study, ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) was measured at four sites of hands of T2DM patients with Qi-Yin deficiency before treatment and after 1 and 2 weeks of treatment with TCM. The UPE intensity and spectral distribution were calculated and analyzed using the results measured at these four sites. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to quantify the correlation between the UPE parameters and the syndrome scores of TCM. Results The UPE intensity of T2DM patients with Qi-Yin deficiency decreased gradually with the course of the treatment and was significantly lower than that before the treatment. The ratio of photon counts between the wavelength ranges of 495-550 nm and 550-610 nm after the treatment was higher than that before the treatment and negatively correlated with the corresponding syndrome scores so that the degree of symptoms improvement could be characterized by the ratio (495-550 nm/550-610 nm). Conclusions The therapeutic effect of TCM in T2DM patients with Qi-Yin deficiency can be shown at the level of UPE. UPE is a potential and noninvasive tool for evaluating the therapeutic effect of TCM in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meina Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Biomedical Sciences College, Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Jialei Fu
- Shandong Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Junyan Liu
- Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiangxiang Pang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Biomedical Sciences College, Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Hua Fan
- Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Zailin Yang
- Neck-Shoulder and Lumberjack Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanbin Zhang
- Neck-Shoulder and Lumberjack Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinxiang Han
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Biomedical Sciences College, Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
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Mothersill C, Cocchetto A, Seymour C. Low Dose and Non-Targeted Radiation Effects in Environmental Protection and Medicine-A New Model Focusing on Electromagnetic Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11118. [PMID: 36232421 PMCID: PMC9570230 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of signalling in initiating and perpetuating effects triggered by deposition of ionising radiation energy in parts of a system is very clear. Less clear are the very early steps involved in converting energy to chemical and biological effects in non-targeted parts of the system. The paper aims to present a new model, which could aid our understanding of the role of low dose effects in determining ultimate disease outcomes. We propose a key role for electromagnetic signals resulting from physico-chemical processes such as excitation decay, and acoustic waves. These lead to the initiation of damage response pathways such as elevation of reactive oxygen species and membrane associated changes in key ion channels. Critically, these signalling pathways allow coordination of responses across system levels. For example, depending on how these perturbations are transduced, adverse or beneficial outcomes may predominate. We suggest that by appreciating the importance of signalling and communication between multiple levels of organisation, a unified theory could emerge. This would allow the development of models incorporating time, space and system level to position data in appropriate areas of a multidimensional domain. We propose the use of the term "infosome" to capture the nature of radiation-induced communication systems which include physical as well as chemical signals. We have named our model "the variable response model" or "VRM" which allows for multiple outcomes following exposure to low doses or to signals from low dose irradiated cells, tissues or organisms. We suggest that the use of both dose and infosome in radiation protection might open up new conceptual avenues that could allow intrinsic uncertainty to be embraced within a holistic protection framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmel Mothersill
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Alan Cocchetto
- National CFIDS Foundation, 285 Beach Ave., Hull, MA 02045-1602, USA
| | - Colin Seymour
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
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Van Wijk R, Van Wijk EP, Pang J, Yang M, Yan Y, Han J. Integrating Ultra-Weak Photon Emission Analysis in Mitochondrial Research. Front Physiol 2020; 11:717. [PMID: 32733265 PMCID: PMC7360823 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Once regarded solely as the energy source of the cell, nowadays mitochondria are recognized to perform multiple essential functions in addition to energy production. Since the discovery of pathogenic mitochondrial DNA defects in the 1980s, research advances have revealed an increasing number of common human diseases, which share an underlying pathogenesis involving mitochondrial dysfunction. A major factor in this dysfunction is reactive oxygen species (ROS), which influence the mitochondrial-nuclear crosstalk and the link with the epigenome, an influence that provides explanations for pathogenic mechanisms. Regarding these mechanisms, we should take into account that mitochondria produce the majority of ultra-weak photon emission (UPE), an aspect that is often ignored - this type of emission may serve as assay for ROS, thus providing new opportunities for a non-invasive diagnosis of mitochondrial dysfunction. In this article, we overviewed three relevant areas of mitochondria-related research over the period 1960-2020: (a) respiration and energy production, (b) respiration-related production of free radicals and other ROS species, and (c) ultra-weak photon emission in relation to ROS and stress. First, we have outlined how these research areas initially developed independently of each other - following that, our review aims to show their stepwise integration during later stages of development. It is suggested that a further stimulation of research on UPE may have the potential to enhance the progress of modern mitochondrial research and its integration in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roeland Van Wijk
- Meluna Research, Department of Biophotonics, Geldermalsen, Netherlands
| | | | - Jingxiang Pang
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, Jinan, China
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Meina Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, Jinan, China
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Yan
- Meluna Research, Department of Biophotonics, Geldermalsen, Netherlands
| | - Jinxiang Han
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Center, Jinan, China
- Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Le M, McNeill FE, Seymour CB, Rusin A, Diamond K, Rainbow AJ, Murphy J, Mothersill CE. Modulation of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) by radiation- induced biophotons. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 163:80-87. [PMID: 29427954 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced biophotons are an electromagnetic form of bystander signalling. In human cells, biophoton signalling is capable of eliciting effects in non-irradiated bystander cells. However, the mechanisms by which the biophotons interact and act upon the bystander cells are not clearly understood. Mitochondrial energy production and ROS are known to be involved but the precise interactions are not known. To address this question, we have investigated the effect of biophoton emission upon the function of the complexes of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The exposure of bystander HCT116 p53 +/+ cells to biophoton signals emitted from β-irradiated HCT116 p53 +/+ cells induced significant modifications in the activity of Complex I (NADH dehydrogenase or NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) such that the activity was severely diminished compared to non-irradiated controls. The enzymatic assay showed that the efficiency of NADH oxidation to NAD+ was severely compromised. It is suspected that this impairment may be linked to the photoabsorption of biophotons in the blue wavelength range (492-455 nm). The photobiomodulation to Complex I was suspected to contribute greatly to the inefficiency of ATP synthase function since it resulted in a lower quantity of H+ ions to be available for use in the process of chemiosmosis. Other reactions of the ETC were not significantly impacted. Overall, these results provide evidence for a link between biophoton emission and biomodulation of the mitochondrial ATP synthesis process. However, there are many aspects of biological modulation by radiation-induced biophotons which will require further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Le
- McMaster University, 1280, Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4K1
| | - Fiona E McNeill
- McMaster University, 1280, Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4K1
| | - Colin B Seymour
- McMaster University, 1280, Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4K1
| | - Andrej Rusin
- McMaster University, 1280, Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4K1
| | - Kevin Diamond
- McMaster University, 1280, Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4K1
| | - Andrew J Rainbow
- McMaster University, 1280, Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4K1
| | - James Murphy
- Institute of Technology Sligo, F91 YW50, Ireland
| | - Carmel E Mothersill
- McMaster University, 1280, Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4K1.
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Poplová M, Sovka P, Cifra M. Poisson pre-processing of nonstationary photonic signals: Signals with equality between mean and variance. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188622. [PMID: 29216207 PMCID: PMC5720749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Photonic signals are broadly exploited in communication and sensing and they typically exhibit Poisson-like statistics. In a common scenario where the intensity of the photonic signals is low and one needs to remove a nonstationary trend of the signals for any further analysis, one faces an obstacle: due to the dependence between the mean and variance typical for a Poisson-like process, information about the trend remains in the variance even after the trend has been subtracted, possibly yielding artifactual results in further analyses. Commonly available detrending or normalizing methods cannot cope with this issue. To alleviate this issue we developed a suitable pre-processing method for the signals that originate from a Poisson-like process. In this paper, a Poisson pre-processing method for nonstationary time series with Poisson distribution is developed and tested on computer-generated model data and experimental data of chemiluminescence from human neutrophils and mung seeds. The presented method transforms a nonstationary Poisson signal into a stationary signal with a Poisson distribution while preserving the type of photocount distribution and phase-space structure of the signal. The importance of the suggested pre-processing method is shown in Fano factor and Hurst exponent analysis of both computer-generated model signals and experimental photonic signals. It is demonstrated that our pre-processing method is superior to standard detrending-based methods whenever further signal analysis is sensitive to variance of the signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Poplová
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics, the Czech Academy of Sciences, Chaberská 57, 182 51, Prague 8, Czechia
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technická 2, 166 27, Prague 6, Czechia
| | - Pavel Sovka
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technická 2, 166 27, Prague 6, Czechia
| | - Michal Cifra
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics, the Czech Academy of Sciences, Chaberská 57, 182 51, Prague 8, Czechia
- * E-mail:
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Yang M, Ding W, Liu Y, Fan H, Bajpai RP, Fu J, Pang J, Zhao X, Han J. Ultra-weak photon emission in healthy subjects and patients with type 2 diabetes: evidence for a non-invasive diagnostic tool. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2017; 16:736-743. [PMID: 28294270 DOI: 10.1039/c6pp00431h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spontaneous ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) is a common phenomenon in biological systems and has been linked to pathological states. Researchers have always considered ultra-weak photon emission a potential non-invasive diagnostic tool, but its application in the medical field is stagnant due to the lack of relevant data for pathological states. METHODS Ultra-weak photon signals from five body sites (forehead, neck, heart, stomach, and navel) in fifty patients with type 2 diabetes and sixty age-matched healthy subjects were measured using a moveable whole-body biophoton detection system. Photon signal is measured for 10 min and detected in bins of 50 ms by a photomultiplier with a range of 290-630 nm. Each signal is a time series of 12 000 elements. Various parameters including photon intensity, Q value, squeezed state parameters (|α|, θ, ø, r) and SSI were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION we found significant differences in the abovementioned parameters between groups, and all subjects could be clustered into two groups according to the results obtained by principal component analysis. Methods and results from this study could be useful for constructing a UPE database for a range of diseases, which would promote the application of UPE in clinical diagnosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meina Yang
- Research Center for Medicinal Biotechnology, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong, Ji'nan 250062, China
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7
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Le M, Mothersill CE, Seymour CB, Rainbow AJ, McNeill FE. An Observed Effect of p53 Status on the Bystander Response to Radiation-Induced Cellular Photon Emission. Radiat Res 2017; 187:169-185. [PMID: 28118118 DOI: 10.1667/rr14342.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the potential influence of p53 on ultraviolet (UV) signal generation and response of bystander cells to the UV signals generated by beta-irradiated cells. Five cell lines of various p53 status (HaCaT, mutated; SW48, wild-type; HT29, mutated; HCT116+/+, wild-type; HCT116-/-, null) were irradiated with beta particles from tritium. Signal generation (photon emission at 340 ± 5 nm) was quantified from irradiated cells using a photomultiplier tube. Bystander response (clonogenic survival) was assessed by placing reporter cell flasks directly superior to irradiated signal-emitting cells. All cell lines emitted significant quantities of UV after tritium exposure. The magnitudes of HaCaT and HT29 photon emission at 340 nm were similar to each other while they were significantly different from the stronger signals emitted from SW48, HCT116+/+ and HCT116-/- cells. In regard to the bystander responses, HaCaT, HCT116+/+ and SW48 cells demonstrated significant reductions in survival as a result of exposure to emission signals. HCT116-/- and HT29 cells did not exhibit any changes in survival and thus were considered to be lacking the mechanisms or functions required to elicit a response. The survival response was found not to correlate with the observed signal strength for all experimental permutations; this may be attributed to varying emission spectra from cell line to cell line or differences in response sensitivity. Overall, these results suggest that the UV-mediated bystander response is influenced by the p53 status of the cell line. Wild-type p53 cells (HCT116+/+ and SW48) demonstrated significant responses to UV signals whereas the p53-null cell line (HCT116-/-) lacked any response. The two mutated p53 cell lines exhibited contrasting responses, which may be explained by unique modulation of functions by different point mutations. The reduced response (cell death) exhibited by p53-mutated cells compared to p53 wild-type cells suggests a possible role of the assessed p53 mutations in radiation-induced cancer susceptibility and reduced efficacy of radiation-directed therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Le
- a Radiation Sciences Graduate Program and Departments of
| | | | | | | | - F E McNeill
- c Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
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Sun M, Van Wijk E, Koval S, Van Wijk R, He M, Wang M, Hankemeier T, van der Greef J. Measuring ultra-weak photon emission as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for detecting early-stage type 2 diabetes: A step toward personalized medicine. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 166:86-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Burgos RCR, van Wijk EPA, van Wijk R, He M, van der Greef J. Crossing the Boundaries of Our Current Healthcare System by Integrating Ultra-Weak Photon Emissions with Metabolomics. Front Physiol 2016; 7:611. [PMID: 28018239 PMCID: PMC5156693 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The current healthcare system is hampered by a reductionist approach in which diagnostics and interventions focus on a specific target, resulting in medicines that center on generic, static phenomena while excluding inherent dynamic nature of biological processes, let alone psychosocial parameters. In this essay, we present some limitations of the current healthcare system and introduce the novel and potential approach of combining ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) with metabolomics technology in order to provide a dynamic readout of higher organizational systems. We argue that the combination of metabolomics and UPE can bring a new, broader, view of health state and can potentially help to shift healthcare toward more personalized approach that improves patient well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosilene C Rossetto Burgos
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden UniversityLeiden, Netherlands; Sino-Dutch Center for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Center for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden UniversityLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Eduard P A van Wijk
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden UniversityLeiden, Netherlands; Sino-Dutch Center for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Center for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden UniversityLeiden, Netherlands; Meluna Research in BiophotonicsGeldermalsen, Netherlands
| | - Roeland van Wijk
- Sino-Dutch Center for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Center for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden UniversityLeiden, Netherlands; Meluna Research in BiophotonicsGeldermalsen, Netherlands
| | - Min He
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden UniversityLeiden, Netherlands; Sino-Dutch Center for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Center for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden UniversityLeiden, Netherlands
| | - Jan van der Greef
- Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden UniversityLeiden, Netherlands; Sino-Dutch Center for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Center for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden UniversityLeiden, Netherlands
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Burgos RCR, Červinková K, van der Laan T, Ramautar R, van Wijk EP, Cifra M, Koval S, Berger R, Hankemeier T, van der Greef J. Tracking biochemical changes correlated with ultra-weak photon emission using metabolomics. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 163:237-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Zhao X, van Wijk E, Yan Y, van Wijk R, Yang H, Zhang Y, Wang J. Ultra-weak photon emission of hands in aging prediction. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 162:529-534. [PMID: 27472904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging has been one of the several topics intensely investigated during recent decades. More scientists have been scrutinizing mechanisms behind the human aging process. Ultra-weak photon emission is known as one type of spontaneous photon emission that can be detected with a highly sensitive single photon counting photomultiplier tube (PMT) from the surface of human bodies. It may reflect the body's oxidative damage. Our aim was to examine whether ultra-weak photon emission from a human hand is able to predict one's chronological age. Sixty subjects were recruited and grouped by age. We examined four areas of each hand: palm side of fingers, palm side of hand, dorsum side of fingers, and dorsum side of hand. Left and right hand were measured synchronously with two independent PMTs. Mean strength and Fano factor values of photon counts were utilized to compare the UPE patterns of males and females of different age groups. Subsequently, we utilized UPE data from the most sensitive PMT to develop an age prediction model. We randomly picked 49 subjects to construct the model, whereas the remaining 11 subjects were utilized for validation. The results demonstrated that the model was a good regression compared to the observed values (Pearson's r=0.6, adjusted R square=0.4, p=9.4E-7, accuracy=49/60). Further analysis revealed that the average difference between the chronological age and predicted age was only 7.6±0.8years. It was concluded that this fast and non-invasive photon technology is sufficiently promising to be developed for the estimation of biological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Eduard van Wijk
- Meluna Research, Geldermalsen, The Netherlands; Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Centre for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yu Yan
- Meluna Research, Geldermalsen, The Netherlands
| | - Roeland van Wijk
- Meluna Research, Geldermalsen, The Netherlands; Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Centre for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Huanming Yang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Rafieiolhosseini N, Poplová M, Sasanpour P, Rafii-Tabar H, Alhossaini MR, Cifra M. Photocount statistics of ultra-weak photon emission from germinating mung bean. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 162:50-55. [PMID: 27341637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) is an endogenous bioluminescence phenomenon present in all biological samples with an active oxidative metabolism, even without an external pre-illumination. To verify the potential of UPE for non-invasive monitoring of metabolism and growth in germinating plants, the aim of this study was to investigate the UPE from a model system - germinating mung bean seedlings (Vigna radiata) - and analyze the statistical properties of UPE during the growth in two different conditions of imbibition (pure water and 1% sucrose). We found that in all days and in both conditions, photocount distributions of UPE time series follow the negative binomial distribution whose parameters changed during the growth due to the increasing ratio of signal-to-detector dark count. Correspondingly for both groups, the mean values of UPE increased during the seedlings growth, while the values of Fano factor show a decreasing trend towards 1 during the 6day period. While our results do not show any significant difference in hypocotyl length and weight gain between the two groups of mung seedlings, there is an indication of a tiny suppressing effect of sucrose on UPE intensity. We believe that UPE can be exploited for a sensitive non-invasive analysis of oxidative metabolism during the plant development and growth with potential applications in agricultural research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Rafieiolhosseini
- Computational Physical Sciences Research Laboratory, School of Nano-Science, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), 19395-5531 Tehran, Iran
| | - Michaela Poplová
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Chaberská 57, 18251, Praha 8 - Kobylisy, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Circuit Theory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Technická 2, 16627, Praha 6, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pezhman Sasanpour
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1985717443 Tehran, Iran; Computational Nano-Bioelectromagnetics Research Group, School of Nano-Science, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), 19395-5531 Tehran, Iran
| | - Hashem Rafii-Tabar
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1985717443 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahsa Rafiee Alhossaini
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, 14115-111 Tehran, Iran
| | - Michal Cifra
- Institute of Photonics and Electronics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Chaberská 57, 18251, Praha 8 - Kobylisy, Prague, Czech Republic.
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A Chinese literature overview on ultra-weak photon emission as promising technology for studying system-based diagnostics. Complement Ther Med 2016; 25:20-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Le M, Mothersill CE, Seymour CB, Ahmad SB, Armstrong A, Rainbow AJ, McNeill FE. Factors affecting ultraviolet-A photon emission from β-irradiated human keratinocyte cells. Phys Med Biol 2015; 60:6371-89. [PMID: 26237407 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/60/16/6371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The luminescence intensity of 340±5 nm photons emitted from HaCaT (human keratinocyte) cells was investigated using a single-photon-counting system during cellular exposure to (90)Y β-particles. Multiple factors were assessed to determine their influence upon the quantity and pattern of photon emission from β-irradiated cells. Exposure of 1 x 10(4) cells/5 mL to 703 μCi resulted in maximum UVA photoemission at 44.8 x 10(3)±2.5 x 10(3) counts per second (cps) from live HaCaT cells (background: 1-5 cps); a 16-fold increase above cell-free controls. Significant biophoton emission was achieved only upon stimulation and was also dependent upon presence of cells. UVA luminescence was measured for (90)Y activities 14 to 703 μCi where a positive relationship between photoemission and (90)Y activity was observed. Irradiation of live HaCaT cells plated at various densities produced a distinct pattern of emission whereby luminescence increased up to a maximum at 1 x 10(4) cells/5 mL and thereafter decreased. However, this result was not observed in the dead cell population. Both live and dead HaCaT cells were irradiated and were found to demonstrate different rates of photon emission at low β activities (⩽400 μCi). Dead cells exhibited greater photon emission rates than live cells which may be attributable to metabolic processes taking place to modulate the photoemissive effect. The results indicate that photon emission from HaCaT cells is perturbed by external stimulation, is dependent upon the activity of radiation delivered, the density of irradiated cells, and cell viability. It is postulated that biophoton emission may be modulated by a biological or metabolic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Le
- Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences Department, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton Ontario, L8S 4L8, Canada
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Van Wijk R, Van Wijk EPA, van Wietmarschen HA, van der Greef J. Towards whole-body ultra-weak photon counting and imaging with a focus on human beings: a review. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2013; 139:39-46. [PMID: 24359911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2013.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
For decades, the relationship between ultra-weak photon emission (UPE) and the health state of the body is being studied. With the advent of systems biology, attention shifted from the association between UPE and reactive oxygen species towards UPE as a reflection of changed metabolic networks. Essential for this shift in thinking is the development of novel photon count statistical methods that more reflect the dynamics of the systems organization. Additionally, efforts to combine and correlate UPE data with other types of measurements such as metabolomics be key to understand the complexity of the human body. This review describes the history and developments in the area of human UPE research from a technical - methodological perspective, an experimental perspective and a theoretical perspective. There is ample evidence that human UPE research will allow a better understanding of the body as a complex dynamical system. The future lies in the further development of an integrated UPE and metabolomics platform for a personalized monitoring of changes of the system towards health or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roeland Van Wijk
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Centre for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Meluna Research, Geldermalsen, The Netherlands.
| | - Eduard P A Van Wijk
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Centre for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Meluna Research, Geldermalsen, The Netherlands; Division of Analytical Biosciences, LACDR, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Samueli Institute, 1737 King Street, Suite 600, Alexandria, VA 22314, USA
| | - Herman A van Wietmarschen
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Centre for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; TNO Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Jan van der Greef
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Centre for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; Division of Analytical Biosciences, LACDR, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands; TNO Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Zeist, The Netherlands
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