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Ravera S, Pasquale C, Panfoli I, Bozzo M, Agas D, Bruno S, Hamblin MR, Amaroli A. Assessing the Effects of Curcumin and 450 nm Photodynamic Therapy on Oxidative Metabolism and Cell Cycle in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An In Vitro Study. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1642. [PMID: 38730594 PMCID: PMC11083672 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is the 16th most common malignant tumor worldwide. The risk of recurrence and mortality is high, and the survival rate is low over the following five years. Recent studies have shown that curcumin causes apoptosis in tumor cells by affecting FoF1-ATP synthase (ATP synthase) activity, which, in turn, hinders cell energy production, leading to a loss of cell viability. Additionally, irradiation of curcumin within cells can intensify its detrimental effects on cancer cell viability and proliferation (photodynamic therapy). We treated the OHSU-974 cell line, a model for human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and primary human fibroblasts. The treatment involved a 1 h exposure of cells to 0.1, 1.0, and 10 μM curcumin, followed or not by irradiation or the addition of the same concentration of pre-irradiated curcumin. Both instances involved a diode laser with a wavelength of 450 nm (0.25 W, 15 J, 60 s, 1 cm2, continuous wave mode). The treatment with non-irradiated 1 and 10 µM curcumin caused ATP synthase inhibition and a consequent reduction in the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and the ATP/AMP ratio, which was associated with a decrement in lipid peroxidation accumulation and a slight increase in glutathione reductase and catalase activity. By contrast, 60 s curcumin irradiation with 0.25 W-450 nm caused a further oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) metabolism impairment that induced an uncoupling between respiration and energy production, leading to increased oxidative damage, a cellular growth and viability reduction, and a cell cycle block in the G1 phase. These effects appeared to be more evident when the curcumin was irradiated after cell incubation. Since cells belonging to the HNSCC microenvironment support tumor development, curcumin's effects have been analyzed on primary human fibroblasts, and a decrease in cell energy status has been observed with both irradiated and non-irradiated curcumin and an increase in oxidative lipid damage and a slowing of cell growth were observed when the curcumin was irradiated before or after cellular administration. Thus, although curcumin displays an anti-cancer role on OHSU-974 in its native form, photoactivation seems to enhance its effects, making it effective even at low dosages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ravera
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Claudio Pasquale
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Isabella Panfoli
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Bozzo
- BIO-Photonics Overarching Research Laboratory (BIOPHOR), Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (M.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Dimitrios Agas
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Silvia Bruno
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2092, South Africa;
| | - Andrea Amaroli
- BIO-Photonics Overarching Research Laboratory (BIOPHOR), Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (M.B.); (A.A.)
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Hernández-Bule ML, Naharro-Rodríguez J, Bacci S, Fernández-Guarino M. Unlocking the Power of Light on the Skin: A Comprehensive Review on Photobiomodulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4483. [PMID: 38674067 PMCID: PMC11049838 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a procedure that uses light to modulate cellular functions and biological processes. Over the past decades, PBM has gained considerable attention for its potential in various medical applications due to its non-invasive nature and minimal side effects. We conducted a narrative review including articles about photobiomodulation, LED light therapy or low-level laser therapy and their applications on dermatology published over the last 6 years, encompassing research studies, clinical trials, and technological developments. This review highlights the mechanisms of action underlying PBM, including the interaction with cellular chromophores and the activation of intracellular signaling pathways. The evidence from clinical trials and experimental studies to evaluate the efficacy of PBM in clinical practice is summarized with a special emphasis on dermatology. Furthermore, advancements in PBM technology, such as novel light sources and treatment protocols, are discussed in the context of optimizing therapeutic outcomes and improving patient care. This narrative review underscores the promising role of PBM as a non-invasive therapeutic approach with broad clinical applicability. Despite the need for further research to develop standard protocols, PBM holds great potential for addressing a wide range of medical conditions and enhancing patient outcomes in modern healthcare practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefano Bacci
- Research Unit of Histology and Embriology, Department of Biology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
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Deng Y, Xiao J, Ma L, Wang C, Wang X, Huang X, Cao Z. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Periodontitis and Associated Systemic Diseases: Implications for Pathomechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1024. [PMID: 38256098 PMCID: PMC10816612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disorder damaging periodontal tissues, including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. It arises from the complex interplay between pathogenic oral bacteria and host immune response. Contrary to the previous view of "energy factories", mitochondria have recently been recognized as semi-autonomous organelles that fine-tune cell survival, death, metabolism, and other functions. Under physiological conditions, periodontal tissue cells participate in dynamic processes, including differentiation, mineralization, and regeneration. These fundamental activities depend on properly functioning mitochondria, which play a crucial role through bioenergetics, dynamics, mitophagy, and quality control. However, during the initiation and progression of periodontitis, mitochondrial quality control is compromised due to a range of challenges, such as bacterial-host interactions, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Currently, mounting evidence suggests that mitochondria dysfunction serves as a common pathological mechanism linking periodontitis with systemic conditions like type II diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, targeting mitochondria to intervene in periodontitis and multiple associated systemic diseases holds great therapeutic potential. This review provides advanced insights into the interplay between mitochondria, periodontitis, and associated systemic diseases. Moreover, we emphasize the significance of diverse therapeutic modulators and signaling pathways that regulate mitochondrial function in periodontal and systemic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Junhong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
| | - Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China; (Y.D.)
- Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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Albaqami M, Aguida B, Pourmostafa A, Ahmad M, Kishore V. Photobiomodulation effects of blue light on osteogenesis are induced by reactive oxygen species. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 39:5. [PMID: 38091111 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03951-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Blue light-mediated photobiomodulation (PBM) is a promising approach to promote osteogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms of PBM in osteogenesis are poorly understood. In this study, a human osteosarcoma cell line (i.e., Saos-2 cells) was subjected to intermittent blue light exposure (2500 µM/m2/s, 70 mW/cm2, 4.2 J/cm2, once every 48 h) and the effects on Saos-2 cell viability, metabolic activity, differentiation, and mineralization were investigated. In addition, this study addressed a possible role of blue light induced cellular oxidative stress as a mechanism for enhanced osteoblast differentiation and mineralization. Results showed that Saos-2 cell viability and metabolic activity were maintained upon blue light exposure compared to unilluminated controls, indicating no negative effects. To the contrary, blue light exposure significantly increased (p < 0.05) alkaline phosphatase activity and Saos-2 cell mediated mineralization. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay was used for measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity and showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in superoxide (O2•-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) formed after blue light exposure. Together, these results suggest that the beneficial effects of blue light-mediated PBM on osteogenesis may be induced by controlled release of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Albaqami
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W. University Blvd, Melbourne, FL, 32901, USA
| | - Blanche Aguida
- UMR8256, CNRS, IBPS, Sorbonne, Université, Paris, France
| | - Ayda Pourmostafa
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W. University Blvd, Melbourne, FL, 32901, USA
| | - Margaret Ahmad
- UMR8256, CNRS, IBPS, Sorbonne, Université, Paris, France
| | - Vipuil Kishore
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering and Sciences, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W. University Blvd, Melbourne, FL, 32901, USA.
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Nie J, Xu N, Chen Z, Huang L, Jiao F, Chen Y, Pan Z, Deng C, Zhang H, Dong B, Li J, Tao T, Kang X, Chen W, Wang Q, Tong Y, Zhao M, Zhang G, Shen B. More light components and less light damage on rats’ eyes: evidence for the photobiomodulation and spectral opponency. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 22:809-824. [PMID: 36527588 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00354-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The blue-light hazard (BLH) has raised concerns with the increasing applications of white light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Many researchers believed that the shorter wavelength or more light components generally resulted in more severe retinal damage. In this study, based on the conventional phosphor-coated white LED, we added azure (484 nm), cyan (511 nm), and red (664 nm) light to fabricate the low-hazard light source. The low-hazard light sources and conventional white LED illuminated 68 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats for 7 days. Before and after light exposure, we measured the retinal function, thickness of retinal layers, and fundus photographs. The expression levels of autophagy-related proteins and the activities of oxidation-related biochemical indicators were also measured to investigate the mechanisms of damaging or protecting the retina. With the same correlated color temperature (CCT), the low-hazard light source results in significantly less damage on the retinal function and photoreceptors, even if it has two times illuminance and blue-light hazard-weighted irradiance ([Formula: see text]) than conventional white LED. The results illustrated that [Formula: see text] proposed by IEC 62471 could not exactly evaluate the light damage on rats' retinas. We also figured out that more light components could result in less light damage, which provided evidence for the photobiomodulation (PBM) and spectral opponency on light damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Ningda Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11, Xizhimennan Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zhizhong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Dongguan Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China.
- Semiconductor of PKU, Gao'an, 330800, Jiangxi, China.
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, 226000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lvzhen Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11, Xizhimennan Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Fei Jiao
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yiyong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zuojian Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chuhan Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Haodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Boyan Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11, Xizhimennan Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Tianchang Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11, Xizhimennan Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiangning Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Weihua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Dongguan Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuzhen Tong
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
- Semiconductor of PKU, Gao'an, 330800, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mingwei Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 11, Xizhimennan Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Guoyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
- Dongguan Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Dongguan, 523808, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Peking University, No. 209, Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, 226000, Jiangsu, China
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Abstract
This article focuses on the current understanding and concerns over the blue-light hazard when using dental light-curing units. It also provides information and safety protocols to guide the practitioner in making important decisions regarding dental personnel's health and the quality of dental restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayane Oliveira
- Center for Dental Biomaterials, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, University of Florida - College of Dentistry, 1395 Center Drive D9-6, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Mateus Garcia Rocha
- Center for Dental Biomaterials, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, University of Florida - College of Dentistry, 1395 Center Drive D9-6, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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Chen H, Cai Y, Sun S, Pan Z, Han Z, Liu P, Liu Y. Repair effect of photobiomodulation combined with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on rats with acute lung injury. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 234:112541. [PMID: 36029758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) impaired the function of blood oxygen exchange function, resulting in tissue hypoxia and patient death. Recently, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) are thought to mitigate the effects of ALI, which boosts researchers' interest in employing stem cell-based therapies to manage ALI. However, as a novel therapy, hUCMSCs still face various limitations such as migrating weakly and insufficient proliferation in vivo. Photobiomodulation (PBM) effciently promotes cell proliferation, migration and homing, which presents a promising strategy for overcoming above limitations. In this study, PBM was emerged to intervene hUCMSCs through detecting cell proliferation, oxidative stress-related factors and inflammatory factors. These results assuredly confirmed that PBM enhanced the antioxidant capacity of cells and improved cell survival in vitro experiments. In vivo, PBM-intervened hUCMSCs intuitively reduce thickness of alveolar septum, excessive secretion of inflammatory factors, relieves bleeding, edema and fibrosis. As a physical intervention, PBM further strengthens the therapeutic effect of hUCMSCs and depicted a hopeful therapy in ALI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Chen
- State Key Laboratry of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Engineering Technologies for Cell Pharmaceutical, National Engineering Research Center of Cell Products, AmCellGene Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Yuanhao Cai
- State Key Laboratry of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Shujie Sun
- State Key Laboratry of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Zhenhua Pan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zhibo Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Engineering Technologies for Cell Pharmaceutical, National Engineering Research Center of Cell Products, AmCellGene Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Pai Liu
- State Key Laboratry of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratry of Separation Membrane and Membrane Process, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
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A novel visible light-curing chitosan-based hydrogel membrane for Guided Tissue Regeneration. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 218:112760. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Nakayama E, Kushibiki T, Mayumi Y, Azuma R, Ishihara M, Kiyosawa T. Blue Laser Irradiation Decreases the ATP Level in Mouse Skin and Increases the Production of Superoxide Anion and Hypochlorous Acid in Mouse Fibroblasts. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020301. [PMID: 35205166 PMCID: PMC8869339 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Photobiomodulation studies have reported that blue light irradiation induces the production of reactive oxygen species. We examined the effect of blue laser (405 nm) irradiation on ATP level in the skin and measured the types of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species. The decrease in the skin ATP level due to blue light irradiation may be caused by oxidative stress due to the generation of reactive oxygen species. These findings highlight the need to consider the effects on the skin when performing photobiomodulation treatment using blue light. Abstract Photobiomodulation studies have reported that blue light irradiation induces the production of reactive oxygen species. We investigated the effect of blue laser (405 nm) irradiation on the ATP levels in mouse skin and determined the types of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species using cultured mouse fibroblasts. Blue laser irradiation caused a decrease in the ATP level in the mouse skin and triggered the generation of superoxide anion and hypochlorous acid, whereas nitric oxide and peroxynitrite were not detected. Moreover, blue laser irradiation resulted in reduced cell viability. It is believed that the decrease in the skin ATP level due to blue light irradiation results from the increased levels of oxidative stress due to the generation of reactive oxygen species. This method of systematically measuring the levels of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species may be useful for understanding the effects of irradiation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiko Nakayama
- Department of Plastic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 3598513, Japan; (R.A.); (T.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-4-2995-1596
| | - Toshihiro Kushibiki
- Department of Medical Engineering, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 3598513, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.M.); (M.I.)
| | - Yoshine Mayumi
- Department of Medical Engineering, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 3598513, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.M.); (M.I.)
| | - Ryuichi Azuma
- Department of Plastic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 3598513, Japan; (R.A.); (T.K.)
| | - Miya Ishihara
- Department of Medical Engineering, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 3598513, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.M.); (M.I.)
| | - Tomoharu Kiyosawa
- Department of Plastic Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 3598513, Japan; (R.A.); (T.K.)
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Wang YC, Tsai SH, Chen MH, Hsieh FY, Chang YC, Tung FI, Liu TY. Mineral Nanomedicine to Enhance the Efficacy of Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Treating Osteosarcoma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:5586-5597. [PMID: 35050587 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c21729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
It is vital to remove residual tumor cells after resection to avoid the recurrence and metastasis of osteosarcoma. In this study, a mineral nanomedicine, europium-doped calcium fluoride (CaF2:Eu) nanoparticles (NPs), is developed to enhance the efficacy of adjuvant radiotherapy (i.e., surgical resection followed by radiotherapy) for tumor cell growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma. In vitro studies show that CaF2:Eu NPs (200 μg/mL) exert osteosarcoma cell (143B)-selective toxicity and migration-inhibiting effects at a Eu dopant amount of 2.95 atomic weight percentage. These effects are further enhanced under X-ray irradiation (6 MeV, 4 Gy). Furthermore, in vivo tests show that intraosseous injection of CaF2:Eu NPs and X-ray irradiation have satisfactory therapeutic efficacy in controlling primary tumor size and inhibiting primary tumor metastasis. Overall, our results suggest that CaF2:Eu NPs with their osteosarcoma cell (143B)-selective toxicity and migration-inhibiting effects combined with radiotherapy might be nanomedicines for treating osteosarcoma after tumor resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Han Tsai
- Department of Urology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112401, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Municipal Wanfang Hospital, Taipei 116079, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Yu Hsieh
- Franz Biotech Incorporation, Taipei 105065, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chen Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Fu-I Tung
- Department of Orthopaedics, Yang-Ming Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 111024, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Welfare, College of City Management, University of Taipei, Taipei 111036, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Ying Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
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Yoshida A, Inaba K, Sasaki H, Hamada N, Yoshino F. Impact on Porphyromonas gingivalis of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with blue light and Rose Bengal in plaque-disclosing solution. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 36:102576. [PMID: 34628072 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in periodontal pockets using lasers is difficult to perform in some cases because of the high cost of irradiation equipment and the narrow irradiation field. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of aPDT in combination with a plaque-disclosing solution and blue light-emitting diode (LED), which are used for composite resin polymerization. METHODS The reactive oxygen species generated by irradiating 0.001% RB or MB with blue light were analyzed using electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Blue-light exposure was performed at 6.92, 20.76 and 124.6 J. The microorganism to be sterilized was Porphyromonas gingivalis. After aPDT, colony-forming units (CFUs) were measured to estimate cell survival. Carbonylated protein (PC) levels were used to evaluate oxidative stress. All statistical analyses were performed with Tukey's multiple comparisons test or the unpaired t-test. RESULTS Singlet oxygen (1O2) generation was confirmed by RB+blue LED. 1O2 production was significantly greater with the blue LED irradiation of RB than that of MB (p < 0.0001). CFUs were significantly lower in the blue LED-irradiated group than in the non-LED-irradiated group (p < 0.01). The bactericidal effect increased in a time-dependent manner. aPDT increased PC levels. No morphological changes were observed in P. gingivalis. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that aPDT exerts bactericidal effects against P. gingivalis by increasing oxidative stress through the generation of 1O2 in cells. Periodontal disease may be treated by aPDT using the equipment available in dental offices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Yoshida
- Department of Dental Education, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Kanagawa, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan
| | - Keitaro Inaba
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Kanagawa, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan
| | - Haruka Sasaki
- Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan
| | - Nobushiro Hamada
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Kanagawa, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Yoshino
- Department of Pharmacology, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Kanagawa, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan.
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12
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Serrage HJ, Cooper PR, Palin WM, Horstman P, Hadis M, Milward MR. Photobiomodulation of oral fibroblasts stimulated with periodontal pathogens. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 36:1957-1969. [PMID: 33991267 PMCID: PMC8593050 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03331-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation (PBM) utilises light energy to treat oral disease, periodontitis. However, there remains inconsistency in the reporting of treatment parameters and a lack of knowledge as to how PBM elicits its molecular effects in vitro. Therefore, this study aimed to establish the potential immunomodulatory effects of blue and near infra-red light irradiation on gingival fibroblasts (GFs), a key cell involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. GFs were seeded in 96-well plates in media + / - Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS 1 μg/ml), or heat-killed Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum, 100:1MOI) or Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis, 500:1MOI). Cultures were incubated overnight and subsequently irradiated using a bespoke radiometrically calibrated LED array (400-830 nm, irradiance: 24 mW/cm2 dose: 5.76 J/cm2). Effects of PBM on mitochondrial activity (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assays, total reactive oxygen species production (ROS assay) and pro-inflammatory/cytokine response (interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumour growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1)) were assessed 24 h post-irradiation. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey test. Irradiation of untreated (no inflammatory stimulus) cultures at 400 nm induced 15%, 27% and 13% increases in MTT, ROS and IL-8 levels, respectively (p < 0.05). Exposure with 450 nm light following application of P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum or LPS induced significant decreases in TGFβ1 secretion relative to their bacterially stimulated controls (p < 0.001). Following stimulation with P. gingivalis, 400 nm irradiation induced 14% increases in MTT, respectively, relative to bacteria-stimulated controls (p < 0.05). These findings could identify important irradiation parameters to enable management of the hyper-inflammatory response characteristic of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Serrage
- Oral Microbiology Unit, Department of Oral and Dental Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS1 2LY, UK.
| | - P R Cooper
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral Biology, Sir John Walsh Research Institute University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - W M Palin
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - P Horstman
- Philips Research, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - M Hadis
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - M R Milward
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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13
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Song J, Li D, Shan Z, Kurskaya O, Sharshov K, Gao T, Bi H. Photocytotoxicity of white light-emitting diode irradiation on human lens epithelium and retinal pigment epithelium via the JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 213:112058. [PMID: 33147556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.112058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
WLEDs have lately been the preferred lighting device based on properties such as energy saving, high efficiency, longevity, and environmental protection. However, studies on the safety of white light-emitting diode (WLED) are limited. In our previous study, we found that WLED light (4000 K ± 500 K color temperature, 250 lx, and 20 min exposure) is photocytotoxic to three mammalian cell lines by causing cell lipid peroxidation. To further investigate the potential photocytotoxicity of WLEDs on the human body, we used two human eye cell lines SRA01/04 and D407 as target cells for evaluating its potential phototoxicity on the human eye in the present study based on cell viability, apoptosis, and intracellular oxidative stress assays, as well as the activation levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related apoptosis pathways, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 kinase (p38), using mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway assays. The results showed that WLED light has photocytotoxicities on SRA01/04 and D407 cells, which were both in a time-, irradiance-, and color temperature-dependent manner and strongest at the conditions of 2 h irradiation time, 60 W/m2 irradiance, and 4000 K color temperature. Moreover, the photocytotoxicity of red light-emitting diode (LED) light was the strongest in the three tested monochromatic light compositions of WLED. Mechanism studies show that the potential phototoxicity of WLED on human lens epithelium and retinal pigment epithelium may be caused by its induced oxidative stress damage via the JNK and p38 MAPKs pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Architectural Physics and Environmental Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 81008, China
| | - Daoyong Li
- College of Architecture and Art, North China University of Technology, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Zhongshu Shan
- Department of Orthopaedics, People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China
| | - Olga Kurskaya
- Department of Experimental Modeling and Pathogenesis of Infectious Diseases, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630000, Russia
| | - Kirill Sharshov
- Department of Experimental Modeling and Pathogenesis of Infectious Diseases, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630000, Russia
| | - Tingting Gao
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Hongtao Bi
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 81008, China.
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14
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Akazaki S, Aoki R, Sato K. Direct detection of diclofenac radical produced by ultraviolet irradiation using electron spin resonance method. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020; 66:193-197. [PMID: 32523245 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.19-91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is commonly used as an antipyretic analgesic owing to its strong anti-inflammatory action in clinical treatment. However, diclofenac can cause injury, with gastrointestinal mucosal lesions and skin photosensitivity as the main side effects. In general, photosensitive drugs contain photosensitive chemical sites, and form free radicals under ultraviolet irradiation, leading to phototoxic reactions. Therefore, this study focuses on free radical production in photosensitive reactions of diclofenac. The free radical production mechanism of diclofenac under ultraviolet irradiation, which might result in photo-toxicity, was clarified using a direct electron spin resonance method. When diclofenac was irradiated with ultraviolet light (254 nm), diclofenac radicals were generated depending on the ultraviolet irradiation time and stably present for 30 min at room temperature. Diclofenac radicals were produced by the ultraviolet irradiation system depending on the dose of diclofenac until 2 mM. Therefore, diclofenac radicals might directly or indirectly react with various biomolecules to cause phototoxicity, other side effects, and new diclofenac pharmacology owing to its stability of diclofenac radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Akazaki
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Clinical Pharmacy, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, Nobeoka City, Miyazaki 882-8508, Japan
| | - Ryohei Aoki
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Clinical Pharmacy, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, Nobeoka City, Miyazaki 882-8508, Japan
| | - Keizo Sato
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Graduate School of Clinical Pharmacy, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, Nobeoka City, Miyazaki 882-8508, Japan
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15
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A Macro Lens-Based Optical System Design for Phototherapeutic Instrumentation. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19245427. [PMID: 31835391 PMCID: PMC6960533 DOI: 10.3390/s19245427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Light emitting diode (LED) and ultrasound have been powerful treatment stimuli for tumor cell growth due to non-radiation effects. This research is the first preliminary study of tumor cell suppression using a macro-lens-supported 460-nm LED combined with high-frequency ultrasound. The cell density, when exposed to the LED combined with ultrasound, was gradually reduced after 30 min of induction for up to three consecutive days when 48-W DC, 20-cycle, and 50 Vp-p sinusoidal pulses were applied to the LEDs through a designed macro lens and to the ultrasound transducer, respectively. Using a developed macro lens, the non-directional light beam emitted from the LED could be localized to a certain spot, likewise with ultrasound, to avoid additional undesirable thermal effects on the small sized tumor cells. In the experimental results, compared to LED-only induction (14.49 ± 2.73%) and ultrasound-only induction (13.27 ± 2.33%), LED combined with ultrasound induction exhibited the lowest cell density (6.25 ± 1.25%). Therefore, our measurement data demonstrated that a macro-lens-supported 460-nm LED combined with an ultrasound transducer could possibly suppress early stage tumor cells effectively.
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16
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Shehatou C, Logunov SL, Dunman PM, Haidaris CG, Klubben WS. Characterizing the Antimicrobial Properties of 405 nm Light and the Corning® Light-Diffusing Fiber Delivery System. Lasers Surg Med 2019; 51:887-896. [PMID: 31302937 PMCID: PMC6916415 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) and multidrug resistant bacteria pose a significant threat to the U.S. healthcare system. With a dearth of new antibiotic approvals, novel antimicrobial strategies are required to help solve this problem. Violet-blue visible light (400-470 nm) has been shown to elicit strong antimicrobial effects toward many pathogens, including representatives of the ESKAPE bacterial pathogens, which have a high propensity to cause HAIs. However, phototherapeutic solutions to prevention or treating infections are currently limited by efficient and nonobtrusive light-delivery mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Here, we investigate the in vitro antimicrobial properties of flexible Corning® light-diffusing fiber (LDF) toward members of the ESKAPE pathogens in a variety of growth states and in the context of biological materials. Bacteria were grown on agar surfaces, in liquid culture and on abiotic surfaces. We also explored the effects of 405 nm light within the presence of lung surfactant, human serum, and on eukaryotic cells. Pathogens tested include Enterococcus spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp., Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Candida albicans, and Escherichia coli. RESULTS Overall, the LDF delivery of 405 nm violet-blue light exerted a significant degree of microbicidal activity against a wide range of pathogens under diverse experimental conditions. CONCLUSIONS The results exemplify the fiber's promise as a non-traditional approach for the prevention and/or therapeutic intervention of HAIs. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Shehatou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, 14642
| | - Stephan L Logunov
- Division of Science and Technology, Corning Research & Development Corporation, Corning, New York, 14831
| | - Paul M Dunman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, 14642
| | - Constantine G Haidaris
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, 14642
| | - W Spencer Klubben
- Division of Science and Technology, Corning Research & Development Corporation, Corning, New York, 14831
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17
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Garza ZCF, Born M, Hilbers PAJ, van Riel NAW, Liebmann J. Visible Blue Light Therapy: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Curr Med Chem 2019; 25:5564-5577. [PMID: 28748760 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170727112206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visible light is absorbed by photoacceptors in pigmented and non-pigmented mammalian cells, activating signaling cascades and downstream mechanisms that lead to the modulation of cellular processes. Most studies have investigated the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic applications of UV and the red to near infrared regions of the visible spectrum. Considerably less effort has been dedicated to the blue, UV-free part of the spectrum. OBJECTIVE In this review, we discuss the current advances in the understanding of the molecular photoacceptors, signaling mechanisms, and corresponding therapeutic opportunities of blue light photoreception in non-visual mammalian cells in the context of inflammatory skin conditions. METHODS The literature was scanned for peer-reviewed articles focusing on the molecular mechanisms, cellular effects, and therapeutic applications of blue light. RESULTS At a molecular level, blue light is absorbed by flavins, porphyrins, nitrosated proteins, and opsins; inducing the generation of ROS, nitric oxide release, and the activation of G protein coupled signaling. Limited and contrasting results have been reported on the cellular effects of blue light induced signaling. Some investigations describe a regulation of proliferation and differentiation or a modulation of inflammatory parameters; others show growth inhibition and apoptosis. Regardless of the elusive underlying mechanism, clinical studies show that blue light is beneficial in the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions. CONCLUSION To strengthen the use of blue light for therapeutic purposes, further in depth studies are clearly needed with regard to its underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms, and their translation into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z C Félix Garza
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - M Born
- Philips GmbH, Innovative Technologies, Aachen, Germany
| | - P A J Hilbers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - N A W van Riel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - J Liebmann
- Philips GmbH, Innovative Technologies, Aachen, Germany
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18
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Oh PS, Jeong HJ. Therapeutic application of light emitting diode: Photo-oncomic approach. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 192:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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19
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Blue Light Induces Down-Regulation of Aquaporin 1, 3, and 9 in Human Keratinocytes. Cells 2018; 7:cells7110197. [PMID: 30400272 PMCID: PMC6262559 DOI: 10.3390/cells7110197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The development in digital screen technology has exponentially increased in the last decades, and many of today’s electronic devices use light-emitting diode (LED) technology producing very strong blue light (BL) waves. Long-term exposure at LED-BL seems to have an implication in the dehydration of the epidermis, in the alterations of shape and number of the keratinocytes, and in the aging of the skin. Aquaporins (AQPs) are water membrane channels that permeate both water and glycerol and play an important role in the hydration of epidermis, as well as in proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes. Thus, we have hypothesized that AQPs could be involved in the aging of the skin exposed to LED-BL. Therefore, we have examined the expression of AQPs in human keratinocytes exposed to LED-BL at dose of 45 J/cm2, used as an in vitro model to produce the general features of photo aging of the skin. The aim was to verify if LED-BL induces changes of the basal levels of AQPs. The keratinocytes exposure to LED-BL produced an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), an activation of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), an alteration of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and a down-regulation of AQP1, 3 and 9. These findings are preliminary evidences that may be used as starting points for further investigations about the mechanistic involvement of AQP1, 3, and 9 in LED-BL-induced skin aging.
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20
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Gea M, Schilirò T, Iacomussi P, Degan R, Bonetta S, Gilli G. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of light emitted by incandescent, halogen, and LED bulbs on ARPE-19 and BEAS-2B cell lines. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2018; 81:998-1014. [PMID: 30325709 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1510350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
LED technology has the extraordinary ability to reduce energy consumption, constituting an economic and ecological advantage, so it is planned to replace incandescent, halogen and other inefficient bulbs for public and domestic lighting with LEDs. LEDs present specific spectral and energetic characteristics compared with those of other domestic light sources, so the potential risks for human health of these bulbs need to be explored. The aim of this study was to assess cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of light emitted by different commercial light bulbs: incandescent, halogen, and two LED bulbs with different correlated color temperatures. The evaluation was done on ARPE-19 as a specific cell model for eye toxicity and on BEAS-2B as a good cell model for toxicology tests. Light induced mainly cytotoxic effects on ARPE-19 and DNA damage on BEAS-2B, so different cell lines showed different biological responses. Moreover, our findings indicate that among the four bulbs, cold LED caused the highest cytotoxic effect on ARPE-19 and the highest genotoxic and oxidative effect on BEAS-2B. Cold LED is probably able to cause more cellular damage because it contains more high-energy radiations (blue). These results suggest that LED technology could be a safe alternative to older technologies, but the use of warm LED should be preferred to cold LED, which can potentially cause adverse effects on retinal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gea
- a Department of Public Health and Pediatrics , University of Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Tiziana Schilirò
- a Department of Public Health and Pediatrics , University of Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Paola Iacomussi
- b Italian National Metrological Institute , INRIM , Torino , Italy
| | - Raffaella Degan
- a Department of Public Health and Pediatrics , University of Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Sara Bonetta
- a Department of Public Health and Pediatrics , University of Torino , Torino , Italy
| | - Giorgio Gilli
- a Department of Public Health and Pediatrics , University of Torino , Torino , Italy
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21
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Yoshino F, Yoshida A. Effects of blue-light irradiation during dental treatment. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2018; 54:160-168. [PMID: 30302134 PMCID: PMC6175967 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In dentistry, blue light is widely used for tooth bleaching and restoration procedures involving composite resin. In addition, many dentists use magnification loupes to enable them to provide more accurate dental treatment. Therefore, the use of light is indispensable in dental treatment. However, light can cause various toxicities, and thermal injuries caused by light irradiation are regarded as particularly important. In recent years, the eye damage and non-thermal injuries caused by blue light, the so-called "blue light hazard", have gained attention. Unfortunately, much of the research in this field has just begun, but our recent findings demonstrated that blue-light irradiation generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces oxidative stress in oral tissue. However, they also showed that such oxidative stress is inhibited by antioxidants. There have not been any reports that suggested that the ROS-induced phototoxicity associated with blue-light irradiation causes direct clinical damage, but some disorders are caused by the accumulation of ROS. Therefore, it is presumed that it is necessary to suppress the accumulation of oxidative stressors in oral tissues during treatment. In the future, we have to promote discussion about the suppression of phototoxicity in dentistry, including concerning the use of antioxidants to protect against phototoxic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Yoshino
- Division of Photomedical Dentistry, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Japan
| | - Ayaka Yoshida
- Division of Photomedical Dentistry, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, Japan
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Yoshimoto T, Morine Y, Takasu C, Feng R, Ikemoto T, Yoshikawa K, Iwahashi S, Saito Y, Kashihara H, Akutagawa M, Emoto T, Kinouchi Y, Shimada M. Blue light-emitting diodes induce autophagy in colon cancer cells by Opsin 3. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2018; 2:154-161. [PMID: 29863164 PMCID: PMC5881358 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Light emitting-diodes (LED) have various effects on living organisms and recent studies have shown the efficacy of visible light irradiation from LED for anticancer therapies. However, the mechanism of LED's effects on cancer cells remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of LED on colon cancer cell lines and the role of photoreceptor Opsin 3 (Opn3) on LED irradiation in vitro. Methods Human colon cancer cells (HT-29 or HCT-116) were seeded onto laboratory dishes and irradiated with 465-nm LED at 30 mW/cm2 for 30 minutes. Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to measure cell viability, and apoptosis and caspase 3/8 expression were evaluated by AnnexinV/PI and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. Autophagy and expression of LC-3 and beclin-1 were also evaluated by autophagy assays, RT-PCR and Western blotting. We further tested Opn3 knockdown by Opn3 siRNA and the Gi/o G-protein inhibitor NF023 in these assays. Results Viability of HT-29 and HCT-116 cells was lower in 465-nm LED-irradiated cultures than in control cultures. LC-3 and beclin-1 expressions were significantly higher in LED-irradiated cultures, and autophagosomes were detected in irradiated cells. The reductive effect of cancer cell viability following blue LED irradiation was reversed by Opn3 knockdown or NF023 treatment. Furthermore, increased LC-3 and beclin-1 expression that resulted from blue LED irradiation was suppressed by Opn3 knockdown or NF023 treatment. Conclusion Blue LED irradiation suppressed the growth of colon cancer cells and Opn3 may play an important role as a photoreceptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Yoshimoto
- Department of Surgery Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan
| | - Yuji Morine
- Department of Surgery Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan
| | - Chie Takasu
- Department of Surgery Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Surgery Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ikemoto
- Department of Surgery Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan
| | - Kozo Yoshikawa
- Department of Surgery Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan
| | - Syuichi Iwahashi
- Department of Surgery Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan
| | - Yu Saito
- Department of Surgery Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan
| | - Hideya Kashihara
- Department of Surgery Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan
| | - Masatake Akutagawa
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences Tokushima University Tokushima Japan
| | - Takahiro Emoto
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences Tokushima University Tokushima Japan
| | - Yosuke Kinouchi
- Center of Research Administration & Collaboration Tokushima University Tokushima Japan
| | - Mitsuo Shimada
- Department of Surgery Tokushima University Graduate School Tokushima Japan
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Influence of different types of light on the response of the pulp tissue in dental bleaching: a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:1825-1837. [PMID: 29230545 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2278-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic review (PROSPERO register: CRD42016053140) investigated the influence of different types of light on the pulp tissue during dental bleaching. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two independent authors conducted a systematic search and risk of bias evaluations. An electronic search was undertaken (PubMed/Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other databases) until May 2017. The population, intervention, comparison, outcomes (PICO) question was: "Does the light in dental bleaching change the response of the pulp to the bleaching procedure?" The intervention involved pulp tissue/cells after bleaching with light, while the comparison involved pulp tissue/cells after bleaching without light. The primary outcome was the inflammation/cytotoxicity observed in pulp after bleaching. RESULTS Out of 2210 articles found, 12 articles were included in the review; four were in vivo studies (one study in dogs/others in human), and eight were in vitro studies (cell culture/with artificial pulp chamber or not). The light source used was halogen, light-emitting diode (LED), and laser. Only one in vivo study that used heat to simulate light effects showed significant pulp inflammation. Only two in vitro studies demonstrated that light influenced cell metabolism; one using halogen light indicated negative effects, and the other using laser therapy indicated positive effects. Given that animal and in vitro studies have been identified, there remain some limitations for extrapolation to the human situation. Furthermore, different light parameters were used. CONCLUSIONS The effects of dental bleaching on the pulp are not influenced by different types of light, but different light parameters can influence these properties. CLINICAL RELEVANCE There is insufficient evidence about the influence of different types of light on inflammation/cytotoxicity of the pulp.
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Mikami R, Mizutani K, Aoki A, Tamura Y, Aoki K, Izumi Y. Low-level ultrahigh-frequency and ultrashort-pulse blue laser irradiation enhances osteoblast extracellular calcification by upregulating proliferation and differentiation via transient receptor potential vanilloid 1. Lasers Surg Med 2017; 50:340-352. [PMID: 29214666 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) exerts various biostimulative effects, including promotion of wound healing and bone formation; however, few studies have examined biostimulation using blue lasers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of low-level ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) and ultrashort-pulse (USP) blue laser irradiation on osteoblasts. STUDY DESIGN/ MATERIALS AND METHODS The MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cell line was used in this study. Following LLLI with a 405 nm newly developed UHF-USP blue laser (80 MHz, 100 fs), osteoblast proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were assessed. In addition, mRNA levels of the osteoblast differentiation markers, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), osterix (Osx), alkaline phosphatase (Alp), and osteopontin (Opn) was evaluated, and extracellular calcification was quantified. To clarify the involvement of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in LLLI-induced biostimulation, cells were treated prior to LLLI with capsazepine (CPZ), a selective inhibitor of TRP vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), and subsequent proliferation and ALP activity were measured. RESULTS LLLI with the 405 nm UHF-USP blue laser significantly enhanced cell proliferation and ALP activity, compared with the non-irradiated control and LLLI using continuous-wave mode, without significant temperature elevation. LLLI promoted osteoblast proliferation in a dose-dependent manner up to 9.4 J/cm2 and significantly accelerated cell proliferation in in vitro wound healing assay. ALP activity was significantly enhanced at doses up to 5.6 J/cm2 , and expression of Osx and Alp mRNAs was significantly increased compared to that of the control on days 3 and 7 following LLLI at 5.6 J/cm2 . The extent of extracellular calcification was also significantly higher as a result of LLLI 3 weeks after the treatment. Measurement of TRPV1 protein expression on 0, 3, and 7 days post-irradiation revealed no differences between the LLLI and control groups; however, promotion of cell proliferation and ALP activity by LLLI was significantly inhibited by CPZ. CONCLUSION LLLI with a 405 nm UHF-USP blue laser enhances extracellular calcification of osteoblasts by upregulating proliferation and differentiation via TRPV1. Lasers Surg. Med. 50:340-352, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risako Mikami
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Mizutani
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Tamura
- Department of Bio-Matrix (Pharmacology), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Department of Basic Oral Health Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Izumi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Murray CK, Hamblin MR, Hooper DC, Dai T. Antimicrobial blue light inactivation of pathogenic microbes: State of the art. Drug Resist Updat 2017; 33-35:1-22. [PMID: 29145971 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
As an innovative non-antibiotic approach, antimicrobial blue light in the spectrum of 400-470nm has demonstrated its intrinsic antimicrobial properties resulting from the presence of endogenous photosensitizing chromophores in pathogenic microbes and, subsequently, its promise as a counteracter of antibiotic resistance. Since we published our last review of antimicrobial blue light in 2012, there have been a substantial number of new studies reported in this area. Here we provide an updated overview of the findings from the new studies over the past 5 years, including the efficacy of antimicrobial blue light inactivation of different microbes, its mechanism of action, synergism of antimicrobial blue light with other angents, its effect on host cells and tissues, the potential development of resistance to antimicrobial blue light by microbes, and a novel interstitial delivery approach of antimicrobial blue light. The potential new applications of antimicrobial blue light are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Wang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cancer Center, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center of Digital Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Clinton K Murray
- Infectious Disease Service, San Antonio Military Medical Center, JBSA-Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David C Hooper
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tianhong Dai
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Choe SW, Park K, Park C, Ryu J, Choi H. Combinational light emitting diode-high frequency focused ultrasound treatment for HeLa cell. Comput Assist Surg (Abingdon) 2017; 22:79-85. [PMID: 28956464 DOI: 10.1080/24699322.2017.1379158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Light sources such as laser and light emitting diode or ultrasound devices have been widely used for cancer therapy and regenerative medicines, since they are more cost-effective and less harmful than radiation therapy, chemotherapy or magnetic treatment. Compared to laser and low intensity ultrasound techniques, light emitting diode and high frequency focused ultrasound shows enhanced therapeutic effects, especially for small tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS We propose combinational light emitting diode-high frequency focused ultrasound treatment for human cervical cancer HeLa cells. Individual red, green, and blue light emitting diode light only, high frequency focused ultrasound only, or light emitting diode light combined with high frequency focused ultrasound treatments were applied in order to characterize the responses of HeLa cells. RESULTS Cell density exposed by blue light emitting diode light combined with high frequency focused ultrasound (2.19 ± 0.58%) was much lower than that of cells exposed by red and green light emitting diode lights (81.71 ± 9.92% and 61.81 ± 4.09%), blue light emitting diode light (11.19 ± 2.51%) or high frequency focused ultrasound only (9.72 ± 1.04%). CONCLUSIONS We believe that the proposed combinational blue light emitting diode-high frequency focused ultrasound treatment could have therapeutic benefits to alleviate cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Woon Choe
- a Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering , Kumoh National Institute of Technology , Gumi , Korea
| | - Kitae Park
- a Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering , Kumoh National Institute of Technology , Gumi , Korea
| | - Chulwoo Park
- a Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering , Kumoh National Institute of Technology , Gumi , Korea
| | - Jaemyung Ryu
- b Department of Optical System Engineering , Kumoh National Institute of Technology , Gumi , Korea
| | - Hojong Choi
- a Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering , Kumoh National Institute of Technology , Gumi , Korea
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Red (660 nm) or near-infrared (810 nm) photobiomodulation stimulates, while blue (415 nm), green (540 nm) light inhibits proliferation in human adipose-derived stem cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7781. [PMID: 28798481 PMCID: PMC5552860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07525-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously showed that blue (415 nm) and green (540 nm) wavelengths were more effective in stimulating osteoblast differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC), compared to red (660 nm) and near-infrared (NIR, 810 nm). Intracellular calcium was higher after blue/green, and could be inhibited by the ion channel blocker, capsazepine. In the present study we asked what was the effect of these four wavelengths on proliferation of the hASC? When cultured in proliferation medium there was a clear difference between blue/green which inhibited proliferation and red/NIR which stimulated proliferation, all at 3 J/cm2. Blue/green reduced cellular ATP, while red/NIR increased ATP in a biphasic manner. Blue/green produced a bigger increase in intracellular calcium and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Blue/green reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and lowered intracellular pH, while red/NIR had the opposite effect. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel was expressed in hADSC, and the TRPV1 ligand capsaicin (5uM) stimulated proliferation, which could be abrogated by capsazepine. The inhibition of proliferation caused by blue/green could also be abrogated by capsazepine, and by the antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine. The data suggest that blue/green light inhibits proliferation by activating TRPV1, and increasing calcium and ROS.
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Yoshida A, Sasaki H, Toyama T, Araki M, Fujioka J, Tsukiyama K, Hamada N, Yoshino F. Antimicrobial effect of blue light using Porphyromonas gingivalis pigment. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5225. [PMID: 28701797 PMCID: PMC5507902 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05706-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of antibiotics cannot keep up with the speed of resistance acquired by microorganisms. Recently, the development of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been a necessary antimicrobial strategy against antibiotic resistance. Among the wide variety of bacteria found in the oral flora, Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is one of the etiological agents of periodontal disease. aPDT has been studied for periodontal disease, but has risks of cytotoxicity to normal stained tissue. In this study, we performed aPDT using protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), an intracellular pigment of P. gingivalis, without an external photosensitizer. We confirmed singlet oxygen generation by PpIX in a blue-light irradiation intensity-dependent manner. We discovered that blue-light irradiation on P. gingivalis is potentially bactericidal. The sterilization mechanism seems to be oxidative DNA damage in bacterial cells. Although it is said that no resistant bacteria will emerge using aPDT, the conventional method relies on an added photosensitizer dye. PpIX in P. gingivalis is used in energy production, so aPDT applied to PpIX of P. gingivalis should limit the appearance of resistant bacteria. This approach not only has potential as an effective treatment for new periodontal diseases, but also offers potential antibacterial treatment for multiple drug resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Yoshida
- Division of Photomedical Dentistry, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Haruka Sasaki
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Toshizo Toyama
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Araki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Division I, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Jun Fujioka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Division I, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Koichi Tsukiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Division I, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Nobushiro Hamada
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Yoshino
- Division of Photomedical Dentistry, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan.
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Oh PS, Kim HS, Kim EM, Hwang H, Ryu HH, Lim S, Sohn MH, Jeong HJ. Inhibitory effect of blue light emitting diode on migration and invasion of cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:3444-3453. [PMID: 28098340 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects and molecular mechanism of blue light emitting diode (LED) in tumor cells. A migration and invasion assay for the metastatic behavior of mouse colon cancer CT-26 and human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 cells was performed. Cancer cell migration-related proteins were identified by obtaining a 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) in total cellular protein profile of blue LED-irradiated cancer cells, followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) analysis of proteins. Protein levels were examined by immunoblotting. Irradiation with blue LED inhibited CT-26 and HT-1080 cell migration and invasion. The anti-metastatic effects of blue LED irradiation were associated with inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 expression. P38 MAPK phosphorylation was increased in blue LED-irradiated CT-26 and HT-1080 cells, but was inhibited after pretreatment with SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38 MAPK. Inhibition of p38 MAPK phosphorylation by SB203580 treatment increased number of migratory cancer cells in CT-26 and HT-1080 cells, indicating that blue LED irradiation inhibited cancer cell migration via phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. Additionally blue LED irradiation of mice injected with CT-26 cells expressing luciferase decreased early stage lung metastasis compared to untreated control mice. These results indicate that blue LED irradiation inhibits cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil-Sun Oh
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Cyclotron Research Center, Institute for Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Soo Kim
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Cyclotron Research Center, Institute for Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Kim
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Cyclotron Research Center, Institute for Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosook Hwang
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Cyclotron Research Center, Institute for Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang Hwa Ryu
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Cyclotron Research Center, Institute for Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - SeokTae Lim
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Cyclotron Research Center, Institute for Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Hee Sohn
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Cyclotron Research Center, Institute for Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Jeong Jeong
- Molecular Imaging and Therapeutic Medicine Research Center, Cyclotron Research Center, Institute for Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Félix Garza ZC, Liebmann J, Born M, Hilbers PAJ, van Riel NAW. A Dynamic Model for Prediction of Psoriasis Management by Blue Light Irradiation. Front Physiol 2017; 8:28. [PMID: 28184200 PMCID: PMC5266737 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical investigations prove that blue light irradiation reduces the severity of psoriasis vulgaris. Nevertheless, the mechanisms involved in the management of this condition remain poorly defined. Despite the encouraging results of the clinical studies, no clear guidelines are specified in the literature for the irradiation scheme regime of blue light-based therapy for psoriasis. We investigated the underlying mechanism of blue light irradiation of psoriatic skin, and tested the hypothesis that regulation of proliferation is a key process. We implemented a mechanistic model of cellular epidermal dynamics to analyze whether a temporary decrease of keratinocytes hyper-proliferation can explain the outcome of phototherapy with blue light. Our results suggest that the main effect of blue light on keratinocytes impacts the proliferative cells. They show that the decrease in the keratinocytes proliferative capacity is sufficient to induce a transient decrease in the severity of psoriasis. To study the impact of the therapeutic regime on the efficacy of psoriasis treatment, we performed simulations for different combinations of the treatment parameters, i.e., length of treatment, fluence (also referred to as dose), and intensity. These simulations indicate that high efficacy is achieved by regimes with long duration and high fluence levels, regardless of the chosen intensity. Our modeling approach constitutes a framework for testing diverse hypotheses on the underlying mechanism of blue light-based phototherapy, and for designing effective strategies for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zandra C Félix Garza
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Joerg Liebmann
- Philips Technologie GmbH, Innovative Technologies Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Born
- Philips Technologie GmbH, Innovative Technologies Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter A J Hilbers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Natal A W van Riel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven, Netherlands
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Oh PS, Hwang H, Jeong HS, Kwon J, Kim HS, Kim M, Lim S, Sohn MH, Jeong HJ. Blue light emitting diode induces apoptosis in lymphoid cells by stimulating autophagy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 70:13-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Yoshida A, Shiotsu-Ogura Y, Wada-Takahashi S, Takahashi SS, Toyama T, Yoshino F. Blue light irradiation-induced oxidative stress in vivo via ROS generation in rat gingival tissue. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 151:48-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lins de Sousa D, Araújo Lima R, Zanin IC, Klein MI, Janal MN, Duarte S. Effect of Twice-Daily Blue Light Treatment on Matrix-Rich Biofilm Development. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131941. [PMID: 26230333 PMCID: PMC4521953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of blue light has been proposed as a direct means of affecting local bacterial infections, however the use of blue light without a photosensitizer to prevent the biofilm development has not yet been explored. The aim of this study was to determine how the twice-daily treatment with blue light affects the development and composition of a matrix-rich biofilm. Methodology/Principal Findings Biofilms of Streptococcus mutans UA159 were formed on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs for 5 days. The biofilms were exposed twice-daily to non-coherent blue light (LumaCare; 420 nm) without a photosensitizer. The distance between the light and the sample was 1.0 cm; energy density of 72 J cm-2; and exposure time of 12 min 56 s. Positive and negative controls were twice-daily 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) and 0.89% NaCl, respectively. Biofilms were analyzed for bacterial viability, dry-weight, and extra (EPS-insoluble and soluble) and intracellular (IPS) polysaccharides. Variable pressure scanning electron microscopy and confocal scanning laser microscopy were used to check biofilm morphology and bacterial viability, respectively. When biofilms were exposed to twice-daily blue light, EPS-insoluble was reduced significantly more than in either control group (CHX and 0.89% NaCl). Bacterial viability and dry weight were also reduced relative to the negative control (0.89% NaCl) when the biofilms were treated with twice-daily blue light. Different morphology was also visible when the biofilms were treated with blue light. Conclusions Twice-daily treatment with blue light without a photosensitizer is a promising mechanism for the inhibition of matrix-rich biofilm development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Lins de Sousa
- Department of Dental Clinics, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Ramille Araújo Lima
- Department of Dental Clinics, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Iriana Carla Zanin
- Department of Dental Clinics, School of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Marlise I. Klein
- Department of Biomaterials, State University of São Paulo, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Malvin N. Janal
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, College of Dentistry, New York University, NYU, New York, United States of America
| | - Simone Duarte
- Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Oh PS, Na KS, Hwang H, Jeong HS, Lim S, Sohn MH, Jeong HJ. Effect of blue light emitting diodes on melanoma cells: Involvement of apoptotic signaling. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 142:197-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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