1
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Garcia-Sanchez J, Lin D, Liu WW. Mechanosensitive ion channels in glaucoma pathophysiology. Vision Res 2024; 223:108473. [PMID: 39180975 PMCID: PMC11398070 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2024.108473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Force sensing is a fundamental ability that allows cells and organisms to interact with their physical environment. The eye is constantly subjected to mechanical forces such as blinking and eye movements. Furthermore, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) can cause mechanical strain at the optic nerve head, resulting in retinal ganglion cell death (RGC) in glaucoma. How mechanical stimuli are sensed and affect cellular physiology in the eye is unclear. Recent studies have shown that mechanosensitive ion channels are expressed in many ocular tissues relevant to glaucoma and may influence IOP regulation and RGC survival. Furthermore, variants in mechanosensitive ion channel genes may be associated with risk for primary open angle glaucoma. These findings suggest that mechanosensitive channels may be important mechanosensors mediating cellular responses to pressure signals in the eye. In this review, we focus on mechanosensitive ion channels from three major channel families-PIEZO, two-pore potassium and transient receptor potential channels. We review the key properties of these channels, their effects on cell function and physiology, and discuss their possible roles in glaucoma pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Garcia-Sanchez
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Danting Lin
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Wendy W Liu
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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2
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Al-Saei O, Malka S, Owen N, Aliyev E, Vempalli FR, Ocieczek P, Al-Khathlan B, Fakhro K, Moosajee M. Increasing the diagnostic yield of childhood glaucoma cases recruited into the 100,000 Genomes Project. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:484. [PMID: 38755526 PMCID: PMC11097485 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10353-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Childhood glaucoma (CG) encompasses a heterogeneous group of genetic eye disorders that is responsible for approximately 5% of childhood blindness worldwide. Understanding the molecular aetiology is key to improving diagnosis, prognosis and unlocking the potential for optimising clinical management. In this study, we investigated 86 CG cases from 78 unrelated families of diverse ethnic backgrounds, recruited into the Genomics England 100,000 Genomes Project (GE100KGP) rare disease cohort, to improve the genetic diagnostic yield. Using the Genomics England/Genomic Medicine Centres (GE/GMC) diagnostic pipeline, 13 unrelated families were solved (13/78, 17%). Further interrogation using an expanded gene panel yielded a molecular diagnosis in 7 more unrelated families (7/78, 9%). This analysis effectively raises the total number of solved CG families in the GE100KGP to 26% (20/78 families). Twenty-five percent (5/20) of the solved families had primary congenital glaucoma (PCG), while 75% (15/20) had secondary CG; 53% of this group had non-acquired ocular anomalies (including iris hypoplasia, megalocornea, ectopia pupillae, retinal dystrophy, and refractive errors) and 47% had non-acquired systemic diseases such as cardiac abnormalities, hearing impairment, and developmental delay. CYP1B1 was the most frequently implicated gene, accounting for 55% (11/20) of the solved families. We identified two novel likely pathogenic variants in the TEK gene, in addition to one novel pathogenic copy number variant (CNV) in FOXC1. Variants that passed undetected in the GE100KGP diagnostic pipeline were likely due to limitations of the tiering process, the use of smaller gene panels during analysis, and the prioritisation of coding SNVs and indels over larger structural variants, CNVs, and non-coding variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omayma Al-Saei
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Samantha Malka
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Nicholas Owen
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Elbay Aliyev
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Paulina Ocieczek
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
| | | | - Khalid Fakhro
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, PO Box 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mariya Moosajee
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, EC1V 2PD, UK.
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK.
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3
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Micek HM, Yang N, Dutta M, Rosenstock L, Ma Y, Hielsberg C, McCord M, Notbohm J, McGregor S, Kreeger PK. The role of Piezo1 mechanotransduction in high-grade serous ovarian cancer: Insights from an in vitro model of collective detachment. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl4463. [PMID: 38669327 PMCID: PMC11051664 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl4463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Slowing peritoneal spread in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) would improve patient prognosis and quality of life. HGSOC spreads when single cells and spheroids detach, float through the peritoneal fluid and take over new sites, with spheroids thought to be more aggressive than single cells. Using our in vitro model of spheroid collective detachment, we determine that increased substrate stiffness led to the detachment of more spheroids. We identified a mechanism where Piezo1 activity increased MMP-1/MMP-10, decreased collagen I and fibronectin, and increased spheroid detachment. Piezo1 expression was confirmed in omental masses from patients with stage III/IV HGSOC. Using OV90 and CRISPR-modified PIEZO1-/- OV90 in a mouse xenograft model, we determined that while both genotypes efficiently took over the omentum, loss of Piezo1 significantly decreased ascitic volume, tumor spheroids in the ascites, and the number of macroscopic tumors in the mesentery. These results support that slowing collective detachment may benefit patients and identify Piezo1 as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. Micek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Mayuri Dutta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Lauren Rosenstock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Yicheng Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Caitlin Hielsberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Molly McCord
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Biophysics Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Jacob Notbohm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Biophysics Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Stephanie McGregor
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Pamela K. Kreeger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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4
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Munuera I, Aragon-Navas A, Villacampa P, Gonzalez-Cela MA, Subías M, Pablo LE, Garcia-Feijoo J, Herrero-Vanrell R, Garcia-Martin E, Bravo-Osuna I, Rodrigo MJ. Chronic Glaucoma Induced in Rats by a Single Injection of Fibronectin-Loaded PLGA Microspheres: IOP-Dependent and IOP-Independent Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:9. [PMID: 38203183 PMCID: PMC10779403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
To evaluate a new animal model of chronic glaucoma induced using a single injection of fibronectin-loaded biodegradable PLGA microspheres (Ms) to test prolonged therapies. 30 rats received a single injection of fibronectin-PLGA-Ms suspension (MsF) in the right eye, 10 received non-loaded PLGA-Ms suspension (Control), and 17 were non-injected (Healthy). Follow-up was performed (24 weeks), evaluating intraocular pressure (IOP), optical coherence tomography (OCT), histology and electroretinography. The right eyes underwent a progressive increase in IOP, but only induced cohorts reached hypertensive values. The three cohorts presented a progressive decrease in ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness, corroborating physiological age-related loss of ganglion cells. Injected cohorts (MsF > Control) presented greater final GCL thickness. Histological exams explain this paradox: the MsF cohort showed lower ganglion cell counts but higher astrogliosis and immune response. A sequential trend of functional damage was recorded using scotopic electroretinography (MsF > Control > Healthy). It seems to be a function-structure correlation: in significant astrogliosis, early functional damage can be detected by electroretinography, and structural damage can be detected by histological exams but not by OCT. Males presented higher IOP and retinal and GCL thicknesses and lower electroretinography. A minimally invasive chronic glaucoma model was induced by a single injection of biodegradable Ms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Munuera
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (I.M.); (M.S.); (L.E.P.); (M.J.R.)
| | - Alba Aragon-Navas
- Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-N.); (M.A.G.-C.); (R.H.-V.); (I.B.-O.)
| | - Pilar Villacampa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona and Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 l’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Miriam A. Gonzalez-Cela
- Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-N.); (M.A.G.-C.); (R.H.-V.); (I.B.-O.)
| | - Manuel Subías
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (I.M.); (M.S.); (L.E.P.); (M.J.R.)
- Biotech Vision SLP (Spin-Off Company), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis E. Pablo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (I.M.); (M.S.); (L.E.P.); (M.J.R.)
- Biotech Vision SLP (Spin-Off Company), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Thematic Research Network in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Julian Garcia-Feijoo
- Thematic Research Network in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Ophthalmology, San Carlos Clinical Hospital, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio Herrero-Vanrell
- Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-N.); (M.A.G.-C.); (R.H.-V.); (I.B.-O.)
- Thematic Research Network in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Elena Garcia-Martin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (I.M.); (M.S.); (L.E.P.); (M.J.R.)
- Thematic Research Network in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Irene Bravo-Osuna
- Innovation, Therapy and Pharmaceutical Development in Ophthalmology (InnOftal) Research Group, UCM 920415, Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.-N.); (M.A.G.-C.); (R.H.-V.); (I.B.-O.)
- Thematic Research Network in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Maria J. Rodrigo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Miguel Servet Ophthalmology Research Group (GIMSO), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (I.M.); (M.S.); (L.E.P.); (M.J.R.)
- Thematic Research Network in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III National Institute of Health, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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Doki Y, Nakazawa Y, Sukegawa M, Petrova RS, Ishida Y, Endo S, Nagai N, Yamamoto N, Funakoshi-Tago M, Donaldson PJ. Piezo1 channel causes lens sclerosis via transglutaminase 2 activation. Exp Eye Res 2023; 237:109719. [PMID: 37951336 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Presbyopia is caused by age-related lenticular hardening, resulting in near vision loss, and it occurs in almost every individual aged ≥50 years. The lens experiences mechanical pressure during for focal adjustment to change its thickness. As lenticular stiffening results in incomplete thickness changes, near vision is reduced, which is known as presbyopia. Piezo1 is a mechanosensitive channel that constantly senses pressure changes during the regulation of visual acuity, and changes in Piezo1 channel activity may contribute to presbyopia. However, no studies have reported on Piezo1 activation or the onset of presbyopia. To elucidate the relevance of Piezo1 activation and cross-linking in the development of presbyopia, we analysed the function of Piezo1 in the lens. The addition of Yoda1, a Piezo1 activator, induced an increase in transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) mRNA expression and activity through the extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase1/2 pathways. In ex vivo lenses, Yoda1 treatment induced γ-crystallin cross-linking via TMG2 activation. Furthermore, Yoda1 eye-drops in mice led to lenticular hardening via TGM2 induction and activation in vivo, suggesting that Yoda1-treated animals could serve as a model for presbyopia. Our findings indicate that this presbyopia-animal model could be useful for screening drugs for lens-stiffening inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Doki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Rosica S Petrova
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, New Zealand Eye Centre, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yuki Ishida
- R&D Division, Hayashibara Co., Ltd, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shin Endo
- R&D Division, Hayashibara Co., Ltd, Okayama, Japan
| | - Noriaki Nagai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Research Promotion and Support Headquarters, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | | | - Paul J Donaldson
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, New Zealand Eye Centre, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
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6
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Matrongolo MJ, Ang PS, Wu J, Jain A, Thackray JK, Reddy A, Sung CC, Barbet G, Hong YK, Tischfield MA. Piezo1 agonist restores meningeal lymphatic vessels, drainage, and brain-CSF perfusion in craniosynostosis and aged mice. J Clin Invest 2023; 134:e171468. [PMID: 37917195 PMCID: PMC10866656 DOI: 10.1172/jci171468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Skull development coincides with the onset of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation, brain-CSF perfusion, and meningeal lymphangiogenesis, processes essential for brain waste clearance. How these processes are affected by craniofacial disorders such as craniosynostosis are poorly understood. We report that raised intracranial pressure and diminished CSF flow in craniosynostosis mouse models associate with pathological changes to meningeal lymphatic vessels that affect their sprouting, expansion, and long-term maintenance. We also show that craniosynostosis affects CSF circulatory pathways and perfusion into the brain. Further, craniosynostosis exacerbates amyloid pathology and plaque buildup in Twist1+/-:5xFAD transgenic Alzheimer's disease models. Treating craniosynostosis mice with Yoda1, a small molecule agonist for Piezo1, reduces intracranial pressure and improves CSF flow, in addition to restoring meningeal lymphangiogenesis, drainage to the deep cervical lymph nodes, and brain-CSF perfusion. Leveraging these findings, we show that Yoda1 treatments in aged mice with reduced CSF flow and turnover improve lymphatic networks, drainage, and brain-CSF perfusion. Our results suggest that CSF provides mechanical force to facilitate meningeal lymphatic growth and maintenance. Additionally, applying Yoda1 agonist in conditions with raised intracranial pressure and/or diminished CSF flow, as seen in craniosynostosis or with ageing, is a possible therapeutic option to help restore meningeal lymphatic networks and brain-CSF perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt J. Matrongolo
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Phillip S. Ang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Junbing Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Aditya Jain
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Joshua K. Thackray
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Genetics and the Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Akash Reddy
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Chi Chang Sung
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and
| | - Gaëtan Barbet
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and
- Department of Pharmacology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Young-Kwon Hong
- Department of Surgery, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Max A. Tischfield
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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7
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Zhu Y, Garcia-Sanchez J, Dalal R, Sun Y, Kapiloff MS, Goldberg JL, Liu WW. Differential expression of PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 mechanosensitive channels in ocular tissues implicates diverse functional roles. Exp Eye Res 2023; 236:109675. [PMID: 37820892 PMCID: PMC10843266 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 are mechanosensitive ion channels that regulate many important physiological processes including vascular blood flow, touch, and proprioception. As the eye is subject to mechanical stress and is highly perfused, these channels may play important roles in ocular function and intraocular pressure regulation. PIEZO channel expression in the eye has not been well defined, in part due to difficulties in validating available antibodies against PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 in ocular tissues. It is also unclear if PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 are differentially expressed. To address these questions, we used single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization (smFISH) together with transgenic reporter mice expressing PIEZO fusion proteins under the control of their endogenous promoters to compare the expression and localization of PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 in mouse ocular tissues relevant to glaucoma. We detected both PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 expression in the trabecular meshwork, ciliary body, and in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) of the retina. Piezo1 mRNA was more abundantly expressed than Piezo2 mRNA in these ocular tissues. Piezo1 but not Piezo2 mRNA was detected in the inner nuclear layer and outer nuclear layer of the retina. Our results suggest that PIEZO1 and PIEZO2 are differentially expressed and may have distinct roles as mechanosensors in glaucoma-relevant ocular tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Julian Garcia-Sanchez
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Roopa Dalal
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Yang Sun
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Michael S Kapiloff
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Goldberg
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Wendy W Liu
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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8
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Zhang Y, Han R, Xu S, Chen J, Zhong Y. Matrix Metalloproteinases in Glaucoma: An Updated Overview. Semin Ophthalmol 2023; 38:703-712. [PMID: 37224230 DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2023.2211149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are important regulators of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and are involved in many stages of cellular growth and development. An imbalance of MMP expression is also the basis of many diseases, including eye diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma, dry eye, corneal ulcer, keratoconus. This paper describes the role of MMPs in the glaucoma and their role in the glaucomatous trabecular meshwork (TM), aqueous outflow channel, retina, and optic nerve (ON). This review also summarizes several treatments for glaucoma that target MMPs imbalance and suggests that MMPs may represent a viable therapeutic target for glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiqi Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shushu Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjue Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yisheng Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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9
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Matrongolo MJ, Ang PS, Wu J, Jain A, Thackray JK, Reddy A, Sung CC, Barbet G, Hong YK, Tischfield MA. Piezo1 agonist restores meningeal lymphatic vessels, drainage, and brain-CSF perfusion in craniosynostosis and aged mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.27.559761. [PMID: 37808775 PMCID: PMC10557676 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.27.559761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Skull development coincides with the onset of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation, brain-CSF perfusion, and meningeal lymphangiogenesis, processes essential for brain waste clearance. How these processes are affected by craniofacial disorders such as craniosynostosis are poorly understood. We report that raised intracranial pressure and diminished CSF flow in craniosynostosis mouse models associates with pathological changes to meningeal lymphatic vessels that affect their sprouting, expansion, and long-term maintenance. We also show that craniosynostosis affects CSF circulatory pathways and perfusion into the brain. Further, craniosynostosis exacerbates amyloid pathology and plaque buildup in Twist1 +/- :5xFAD transgenic Alzheimer's disease models. Treating craniosynostosis mice with Yoda1, a small molecule agonist for Piezo1, reduces intracranial pressure and improves CSF flow, in addition to restoring meningeal lymphangiogenesis, drainage to the deep cervical lymph nodes, and brain-CSF perfusion. Leveraging these findings, we show Yoda1 treatments in aged mice with reduced CSF flow and turnover improve lymphatic networks, drainage, and brain-CSF perfusion. Our results suggest CSF provides mechanical force to facilitate meningeal lymphatic growth and maintenance. Additionally, applying Yoda1 agonist in conditions with raised intracranial pressure and/or diminished CSF flow, as seen in craniosynostosis or with ageing, is a possible therapeutic option to help restore meningeal lymphatic networks and brain-CSF perfusion.
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10
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Liu WW, Kinzy TG, Cooke Bailey JN, Xu Z, Hysi P, Wiggs JL. Mechanosensitive ion channel gene survey suggests potential roles in primary open angle glaucoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15871. [PMID: 37741866 PMCID: PMC10517927 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43072-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although glaucoma is a disease modulated by eye pressure, the mechanisms of pressure sensing in the eye are not well understood. Here, we investigated associations between mechanosensitive ion channel gene variants and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Common (minor allele frequency > 5%) single nucleotide polymorphisms located within the genomic regions of 20 mechanosensitive ion channel genes in the K2P, TMEM63, PIEZO and TRP channel families were assessed using genotype data from the NEIGHBORHOOD consortium of 3853 cases and 33,480 controls. Rare (minor allele frequency < 1%) coding variants were assessed using exome array genotyping data for 2606 cases and 2606 controls. Association with POAG was analyzed using logistic regression adjusting for age and sex. Two rare PIEZO1 coding variants with protective effects were identified in the NEIGHBOR dataset: R1527H, (OR 0.17, P = 0.0018) and a variant that alters a canonical splice donor site, g.16-88737727-C-G Hg38 (OR 0.38, P = 0.02). Both variants showed similar effects in the UK Biobank and the R1527H also in the FinnGen database. Several common variants also reached study-specific thresholds for association in the NEIGHBORHOOD dataset. These results identify novel variants in several mechanosensitive channel genes that show associations with POAG, suggesting that these channels may be potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy W Liu
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, 2370 Watson Court, Palo Alto, CA, 94303, USA.
| | - Tyler G Kinzy
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jessica N Cooke Bailey
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Zihe Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Pirro Hysi
- Department of Ophthalmology, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Janey L Wiggs
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School Boston, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Qin M, Yu-Wai-Man C. Glaucoma: Novel antifibrotic therapeutics for the trabecular meshwork. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 954:175882. [PMID: 37391006 PMCID: PMC10804937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells and visual field defects, and currently affects around 1% of the world's population. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the best-known modifiable risk factor and a key therapeutic target in hypertensive glaucoma. The trabecular meshwork (TM) is the main site of aqueous humor outflow resistance and therefore a critical regulator of IOP. Fibrosis, a reparative process characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components and contractile myofibroblasts, can impair TM function and contribute to the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) as well as the failure of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) devices. This paper provides a detailed overview of the current anti-fibrotic therapeutics targeting the TM in glaucoma, along with their anti-fibrotic mechanisms, efficacy as well as the current research progress from pre-clinical to clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Qin
- King's College London, London, SE1 7EH, UK
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12
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Zong B, Yu F, Zhang X, Pang Y, Zhao W, Sun P, Li L. Mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel in physiology and pathophysiology of the central nervous system. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:102026. [PMID: 37532007 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel in 2010, there has been a significant amount of research conducted to explore its regulatory role in the physiology and pathology of various organ systems. Recently, a growing body of compelling evidence has emerged linking the activity of the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel to health and disease of the central nervous system. However, the exact mechanisms underlying these associations remain inadequately comprehended. This review systematically summarizes the current research on the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel and its implications for central nervous system mechanobiology, retrospects the results demonstrating the regulatory role of the mechanosensitive Piezo1 channel on various cell types within the central nervous system, including neural stem cells, neurons, oligodendrocytes, microglia, astrocytes, and brain endothelial cells. Furthermore, the review discusses the current understanding of the involvement of the Piezo1 channel in central nervous system disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, glaucoma, stroke, and glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyi Zong
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Fengzhi Yu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaoyou Zhang
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yige Pang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255000, Shandong, China
| | - Wenrui Zhao
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Sun
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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13
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Di X, Gao X, Peng L, Ai J, Jin X, Qi S, Li H, Wang K, Luo D. Cellular mechanotransduction in health and diseases: from molecular mechanism to therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:282. [PMID: 37518181 PMCID: PMC10387486 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01501-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular mechanotransduction, a critical regulator of numerous biological processes, is the conversion from mechanical signals to biochemical signals regarding cell activities and metabolism. Typical mechanical cues in organisms include hydrostatic pressure, fluid shear stress, tensile force, extracellular matrix stiffness or tissue elasticity, and extracellular fluid viscosity. Mechanotransduction has been expected to trigger multiple biological processes, such as embryonic development, tissue repair and regeneration. However, prolonged excessive mechanical stimulation can result in pathological processes, such as multi-organ fibrosis, tumorigenesis, and cancer immunotherapy resistance. Although the associations between mechanical cues and normal tissue homeostasis or diseases have been identified, the regulatory mechanisms among different mechanical cues are not yet comprehensively illustrated, and no effective therapies are currently available targeting mechanical cue-related signaling. This review systematically summarizes the characteristics and regulatory mechanisms of typical mechanical cues in normal conditions and diseases with the updated evidence. The key effectors responding to mechanical stimulations are listed, such as Piezo channels, integrins, Yes-associated protein (YAP) /transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), and transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4). We also reviewed the key signaling pathways, therapeutic targets and cutting-edge clinical applications of diseases related to mechanical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingpeng Di
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoshuai Gao
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Liao Peng
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Jianzhong Ai
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xi Jin
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Shiqian Qi
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Kunjie Wang
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.
| | - Deyi Luo
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.
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Sharif NA, Odani-Kawabata N, Lu F, Pinchuk L. FP and EP2 prostanoid receptor agonist drugs and aqueous humor outflow devices for treating ocular hypertension and glaucoma. Exp Eye Res 2023; 229:109415. [PMID: 36803996 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG) receptors represent important druggable targets due to the many diverse actions of PGs in the body. From an ocular perspective, the discovery, development, and health agency approvals of prostaglandin F (FP) receptor agonists (FPAs) have revolutionized the medical treatment of ocular hypertension (OHT) and glaucoma. FPAs, such as latanoprost, travoprost, bimatoprost, and tafluprost, powerfully lower and control intraocular pressure (IOP), and became first-line therapeutics to treat this leading cause of blindness in the late 1990s to early 2000s. More recently, a latanoprost-nitric oxide (NO) donor conjugate, latanoprostene bunod, and a novel FP/EP3 receptor dual agonist, sepetaprost (ONO-9054 or DE-126), have also demonstrated robust IOP-reducing activity. Moreover, a selective non-PG prostanoid EP2 receptor agonist, omidenepag isopropyl (OMDI), was discovered, characterized, and has been approved in the United States, Japan and several other Asian countries for treating OHT/glaucoma. FPAs primarily enhance uveoscleral (UVSC) outflow of aqueous humor (AQH) to reduce IOP, but cause darkening of the iris and periorbital skin, uneven thickening and elongation of eyelashes, and deepening of the upper eyelid sulcus during chronic treatment. In contrast, OMDI lowers and controls IOP by activation of both the UVSC and trabecular meshwork outflow pathways, and it has a lower propensity to induce the aforementioned FPA-induced ocular side effects. Another means to address OHT is to physically promote the drainage of the AQH from the anterior chamber of the eye of patients with OHT/glaucoma. This has successfully been achieved by the recent approval and introduction of miniature devices into the anterior chamber by minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries. This review covers the three major aspects mentioned above to highlight the etiology of OHT/glaucoma, and the pharmacotherapeutics and devices that can be used to combat this blinding ocular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najam A Sharif
- Ophthalmology Innovation Center, Santen Inc., Emeryville, CA, USA; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Eye-ACP Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Sciences Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacy Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA; Imperial College of Science and Technology, St. Mary's Campus, London, UK; Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.
| | | | - Fenghe Lu
- Product Development Division, Santen Inc., Emeryville, CA, USA
| | - Leonard Pinchuk
- Ophthalmology Innovation Center, Santen Inc., Emeryville, CA, USA; Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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15
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Shahidullah M, Rosales JL, Delamere N. Activation of Piezo1 Increases Na,K-ATPase-Mediated Ion Transport in Mouse Lens. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12870. [PMID: 36361659 PMCID: PMC9656371 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Lens ion homeostasis depends on Na,K-ATPase and NKCC1. TRPV4 and TRPV1 channels, which are mechanosensitive, play important roles in mechanisms that regulate the activity of these transporters. Here, we examined another mechanosensitive channel, piezo1, which is also expressed in the lens. The purpose of the study was to examine piezo1 function. Recognizing that activation of TRPV4 and TRPV1 causes changes in lens ion transport mechanisms, we carried out studies to determine whether piezo1 activation changes either Na,K-ATPase-mediated or NKCC1-mediated ion transport. We also examined channel function of piezo1 by measuring calcium entry. Rb uptake was measured as an index of inwardly directed potassium transport by intact mouse lenses. Intracellular calcium concentration was measured in Fura-2 loaded cells by a ratiometric imaging technique. Piezo1 immunolocalization was most evident in the lens epithelium. Potassium (Rb) uptake was increased in intact lenses as well as in cultured lens epithelium exposed to Yoda1, a piezo1 agonist. The majority of Rb uptake is Na,K-ATPase-dependent, although there also is a significant NKCC-dependent component. In the presence of ouabain, an Na,K-ATPase inhibitor, Yoda1 did not increase Rb uptake. In contrast, Yoda1 increased Rb uptake to a similar degree in the presence or absence of 1 µM bumetanide, an NKCC inhibitor. The Rb uptake response to Yoda1 was inhibited by the selective piezo1 antagonist GsMTx4, and also by the nonselective antagonists ruthenium red and gadolinium. In parallel studies, Yoda1 was observed to increase cytoplasmic calcium concentration in cells loaded with Fura-2. The calcium response to Yoda1 was abolished by gadolinium or ruthenium red. The calcium and Rb uptake responses to Yoda1 were absent in calcium-free bathing solution, consistent with calcium entry when piezo1 is activated. Taken together, these findings point to stimulation of Na,K-ATPase, but not NKCC, when piezo1 is activated. Na,K-ATPase is the principal mechanism responsible for ion and water homeostasis in the lens. The functional role of lens piezo1 is a topic for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shahidullah
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Joaquin Lopez Rosales
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Nicholas Delamere
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
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16
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Chen Y, Su Y, Wang F. The Piezo1 ion channel in glaucoma: a new perspective on mechanical stress. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1307-1322. [PMID: 35767143 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00738-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Glaucomatous optic nerve damage caused by pathological intraocular pressure elevation is irreversible, and its course is often difficult to control. This group of eye diseases is closely related to biomechanics, and the correlation between glaucoma pathogenesis and mechanical stimulation has been studied in recent decades. The nonselective cation channel Piezo1, the most important known mechanical stress sensor, is a transmembrane protein widely expressed in various cell types. Piezo1 has been detected throughout the eye, and the close relationship between Piezo1 and glaucoma is being confirmed. Pathological changes in glaucoma occur in both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye, and it is of great interest for researchers to determine whether Piezo1 plays a role in these changes and how it functions. The elucidation of the mechanisms of Piezo1 action in nonocular tissues and the reported roles of similar mechanically activated ion channels in glaucoma will provide an appropriate basis for further investigation. From a new perspective, this review provides a detailed description of the current progress in elucidating the role of Piezo1 in glaucoma, including relevant questions and assumptions, the remaining challenging research directions and mechanism-related therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Yiyuan Road, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Ying Su
- Eye Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Yiman Road, Harbin, 150007, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Yiyuan Road, Harbin, 150001, China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Biomechanics is an important aspect of the complex family of diseases known as the glaucomas. Here, we review recent studies of biomechanics in glaucoma. RECENT FINDINGS Several tissues have direct and/or indirect biomechanical roles in various forms of glaucoma, including the trabecular meshwork, cornea, peripapillary sclera, optic nerve head/sheath, and iris. Multiple mechanosensory mechanisms and signaling pathways continue to be identified in both the trabecular meshwork and optic nerve head. Further, the recent literature describes a variety of approaches for investigating the role of tissue biomechanics as a risk factor for glaucoma, including pathological stiffening of the trabecular meshwork, peripapillary scleral structural changes, and remodeling of the optic nerve head. Finally, there have been advances in incorporating biomechanical information in glaucoma prognoses, including corneal biomechanical parameters and iridial mechanical properties in angle-closure glaucoma. SUMMARY Biomechanics remains an active aspect of glaucoma research, with activity in both basic science and clinical translation. However, the role of biomechanics in glaucoma remains incompletely understood. Therefore, further studies are indicated to identify novel therapeutic approaches that leverage biomechanics. Importantly, clinical translation of appropriate assays of tissue biomechanical properties in glaucoma is also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak N. Safa
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta GA, USA
| | - Cydney A. Wong
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta GA, USA
| | - Jungmin Ha
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta GA, USA
| | - C. Ross Ethier
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology/Emory University, Atlanta GA, USA
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Piezo1 activation induces fibronectin reduction and PGF2α secretion via arachidonic acid cascade. Exp Eye Res 2021; 215:108917. [PMID: 34973946 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease that leads to blindness, and lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) is very important in glaucoma treatment. The trabecular meshwork is responsible for aqueous humor outflow, and the accumulation of fibronectin in trabecular meshwork is known to cause ocular hypertension. We have already shown that Piezo1 activation has an IOP lowering effect in mice and suppresses fibronectin expression level in human trabecular meshwork cells (HTMC). In this study, we report the mechanism of the reduction of fibronectin caused by Piezo1 activation. Activation of Piezo1 in HTMC showed increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and decreased fibronectin expression. In addition, Piezo1 activation enhanced phosphorylation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), and inhibitors targeting cPLA2 and COX-2 suppressed Yoda 1, a Piezo1 agonist, induced fibronectin reduction. These results indicate that the arachidonic acid cascade underlies this reaction, and, in support of this hypothesis, activation of Piezo1 promoted secretion of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) in HTMC. These results indicate that the activation of Piezo1 in HTMC promotes the degrading of fibronectin by promoting the arachidonic acid cascade and increasing the expression of PGF2α and MMP-2.
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