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Chrismas N, Tindall-Jones B, Jenkins H, Harley J, Bird K, Cunliffe M. Metatranscriptomics reveals diversity of symbiotic interaction and mechanisms of carbon exchange in the marine cyanolichen Lichina pygmaea. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:2243-2257. [PMID: 37840369 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Lichens are exemplar symbioses based upon carbon exchange between photobionts and their mycobiont hosts. Historically considered a two-way relationship, some lichen symbioses have been shown to contain multiple photobiont partners; however, the way in which these photobiont communities react to environmental change is poorly understood. Lichina pygmaea is a marine cyanolichen that inhabits rocky seashores where it is submerged in seawater during every tidal cycle. Recent work has indicated that L. pygmaea has a complex photobiont community including the cyanobionts Rivularia and Pleurocapsa. We performed rRNA-based metabarcoding and mRNA metatranscriptomics of the L. pygmaea holobiont at high and low tide to investigate community response to immersion in seawater. Carbon exchange in L. pygmaea is a dynamic process, influenced by both tidal cycle and the biology of the individual symbiotic components. The mycobiont and two cyanobiont partners exhibit distinct transcriptional responses to seawater hydration. Sugar-based compatible solutes produced by Rivularia and Pleurocapsa in response to seawater are a potential source of carbon to the mycobiont. We propose that extracellular processing of photobiont-derived polysaccharides is a fundamental step in carbon acquisition by L. pygmaea and is analogous to uptake of plant-derived carbon in ectomycorrhizal symbioses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Chrismas
- Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, Devon, PL1 2PB, UK
| | - Beth Tindall-Jones
- Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, Devon, PL1 2PB, UK
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Helen Jenkins
- Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, Devon, PL1 2PB, UK
| | - Joanna Harley
- Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, Devon, PL1 2PB, UK
| | - Kimberley Bird
- Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, Devon, PL1 2PB, UK
| | - Michael Cunliffe
- Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, Devon, PL1 2PB, UK
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
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Olivan-Muro I, Sarasa-Buisan C, Guio J, Arenas J, Sevilla E, Fillat MF. Unbalancing Zur (FurB)-mediated homeostasis in Anabaena sp. PCC7120: Consequences on metal trafficking, heterocyst development and biofilm formation. Environ Microbiol 2023; 25:2142-2162. [PMID: 37315963 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is required for the activity of many enzymes and plays an essential role in gene regulation and redox homeostasis. In Anabaena (Nostoc) sp. PCC7120, the genes involved in zinc uptake and transport are controlled by the metalloregulator Zur (FurB). Comparative transcriptomics of a zur mutant (Δzur) with the parent strain unveiled unexpected links between zinc homeostasis and other metabolic pathways. A notable increase in the transcription of numerous desiccation tolerance-related genes, including genes involved in the synthesis of trehalose and the transference of saccharide moieties, among many others, was detected. Biofilm formation analysis under static conditions revealed a reduced capacity of Δzur filaments to form biofilms compared to the parent strain, and such capacity was enhanced when Zur was overexpressed. Furthermore, microscopy analysis revealed that zur expression is required for the correct formation of the envelope polysaccharide layer in the heterocyst, as Δzur cells showed reduced staining with alcian blue compared to Anabaena sp. PCC7120. We suggest that Zur is an important regulator of the enzymes involved in the synthesis and transport of the envelope polysaccharide layer, influencing heterocyst development and biofilm formation, both relevant processes for cell division and interaction with substrates in its ecological niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Olivan-Muro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics and Physical of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Cristina Sarasa-Buisan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics and Physical of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jorge Guio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics and Physical of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús Arenas
- Department of Animal Pathology, Unit of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Emma Sevilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics and Physical of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Maria F Fillat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Institute of Bioinformatics and Physical of Complex Systems, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Feng M, Xie Y, Mao W, Lu Y, Wang Y, Li H, Zhang C. Efficient biodegradation of tris-(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate by a novel strain Amycolatopsis sp. FT-1: Process optimization, mechanism studies and toxicity changes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130149. [PMID: 36252405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a newly isolated strain Amycolatopsis sp. FT-1 was confirmed to be an efficient tris-(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCPP) degrader. The maximum degradation efficiency of 100 % was achieved when glucose concentration was 6.0 g/L, TCPP concentration was 1.1 mg/L, pH was 6.3 and temperature was 35 °C. Proteome analysis indicated that TCPP was transformed into diester, monoester and ketone product through hydrolysis by phosphoesterase and oxidation mediated by proteins involved in bio-Fenton reaction. The increased expression of proteins serving as organic hydroperoxides scavenger and two subunits of xanthine dehydrogenase enabled Amycolatopsis sp. FT-1 to defend against TCPP-induced oxidative damage. Meanwhile, proteins involved in the resistance to proteotoxic stress were found to be up-regulated, including Hsp70 protein, ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, elongation factor G and trehalose synthesis-related enzymes. The overexpression of TetR/AcrR family transcriptional regulator and multidrug efflux transporter also benefited the survival of Amycolatopsis sp. FT-1 under TCPP stress. Luminescent bacteria test showed that biotoxicity of TCPP was remarkably decreased after biodegradation by Amycolatopsis sp. FT-1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the biotransformation of TCPP by pure strain and to offer important insights into the proteomic mechanisms of TCPP microbial degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Feng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541004, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Yantian Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Mao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanqin Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanwu Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Haixia Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Chenhao Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
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Behl K, SeshaCharan P, Joshi M, Sharma M, Mathur A, Kareya MS, Jutur PP, Bhatnagar A, Nigam S. Multifaceted applications of isolated microalgae Chlamydomonas sp. TRC-1 in wastewater remediation, lipid production and bioelectricity generation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 304:122993. [PMID: 32078900 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Green microalga, Chlamydomonas sp. TRC-1 (C. TRC-1), isolated from the outlet of effluent treatment plant of textile dyeing mill, was investigated for its competence towards bioremediation. Algal biomass obtained after remediation (ABAR) was implied for bioelectricity and biofuel production. C. TRC-1 could completely decolorize the effluent in 7 days. Significant reduction in pollution-indicating parameters was observed. Chronoamperometric studies were carried out using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Maximum current density, power and power density of 3.6 A m-2, 4.13 × 10-4 W and 1.83 W m-2, respectively were generated in ABAR. EIS studies showed a decrease in resistance of ABAR, supporting better electron transfer as compared to algal biomass before remediation (ABBR). Its candidature for biofuel production was assessed by estimating the total lipid content. Results revealed enhancement in lipid content from 46.85% (ABBR) to 79.1% (ABAR). Current study advocates versatile potential of isolated C. TRC-1 for bioremediation of wastewater, bioelectricity production and biofuel generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannikka Behl
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India
| | | | - Monika Joshi
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India
| | - Mahima Sharma
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India
| | - Ashish Mathur
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India
| | - Mukul Suresh Kareya
- Omics of Algae Group, Integrative Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Pannaga Pavan Jutur
- Omics of Algae Group, Integrative Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Amit Bhatnagar
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P. O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Subhasha Nigam
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India.
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Artificial Fusion of mCherry Enhances Trehalose Transferase Solubility and Stability. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.03084-18. [PMID: 30737350 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03084-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
LeLoir glycosyltransferases are important biocatalysts for the production of glycosidic bonds in natural products, chiral building blocks, and pharmaceuticals. Trehalose transferase (TreT) is of particular interest since it catalyzes the stereo- and enantioselective α,α-(1→1) coupling of a nucleotide sugar donor and monosaccharide acceptor for the synthesis of disaccharide derivatives. Heterologously expressed thermophilic trehalose transferases were found to be intrinsically aggregation prone and are mainly expressed as catalytically active inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli To disfavor protein aggregation, the thermostable protein mCherry was explored as a fluorescent protein tag. The fusion of mCherry to trehalose transferase from Pyrobaculum yellowstonensis (PyTreT) demonstrated increased protein solubility. Chaotropic agents like guanidine or the divalent cations Mn(II), Ca(II), and Mg(II) enhanced the enzyme activity of the fusion protein. The thermodynamic equilibrium constant, K eq, for the reversible synthesis of trehalose from glucose and a nucleotide sugar was determined in both the synthesis and hydrolysis directions utilizing UDP-glucose and ADP-glucose, respectively. UDP-glucose was shown to achieve higher conversions than ADP-glucose, highlighting the importance of the choice of nucleotide sugars for LeLoir glycosyltransferases under thermodynamic control.IMPORTANCE The heterologous expression of proteins in Escherichia coli is of great relevance for their functional and structural characterization and applications. However, the formation of insoluble inclusion bodies is observed in approximately 70% of all cases, and the subsequent effects can range from reduced soluble protein yields to a complete failure of the expression system. Here, we present an efficient methodology for the production and analysis of a thermostable, aggregation-prone trehalose transferase (TreT) from Pyrobaculum yellowstonensis via its fusion with mCherry as a thermostable fluorescent protein tag. This fusion strategy allowed for increased enzyme stability and solubility and could be applied to other (thermostable) proteins, allowing rapid visualization and quantification of the mCherry-fused protein of interest. Finally, we have demonstrated that the enzymatic synthesis of trehalose from glucose and a nucleotide sugar is reversible by approaching the thermodynamic equilibrium in both the synthesis and hydrolysis directions. Our results show that uridine establishes an equilibrium constant which is more in favor of the product trehalose than when adenosine is employed as the nucleotide under identical conditions. The influence of different nucleotides on the reaction can be generalized for all LeLoir glycosyltransferases under thermodynamic control as the position of the equilibrium depends solely on the reaction conditions and is not affected by the nature of the catalyst.
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Wang H, Yang Y, Chen W, Ding L, Li P, Zhao X, Wang X, Li A, Bao Q. Identification of differentially expressed proteins of Arthrospira (Spirulina) plantensis-YZ under salt-stress conditions by proteomics and qRT-PCR analysis. Proteome Sci 2013; 11:6. [PMID: 23363438 PMCID: PMC3599948 DOI: 10.1186/1477-5956-11-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis as a representative species of cyanobacteria has been recognized and used worldwide as a source of protein in the food, which possesses some unusual and valuable physiological characteristics, such as alkali and salt tolerance. Based on complete genome sequencing of Arthrospira (Spirulina) plantensis-YZ, we compared the protein expression profiles of this organism under different salt-stress conditions (i.e. 0.02 M, 0.5 M and 1.0 M NaCl, respectively), using 2-D electrophoresis and peptide mass fingerprinting, and retrieved 141 proteins showing significantly differential expression in response to salt-stress. Of the 141 proteins, 114 Arthrospira (Spirulina) plantensis-YZ proteins were found with significant homology to those found in Arthrospira (76 proteins in Arthrospira platensis str. Paraca and 38 in Arthrospira maxima CS-328). The remaining 27 proteins belong to other bacteria. Subsequently, we determined the transcriptional level of 29 genes in vivo in response to NaCl treatments and verified them by qRT-PCR. We found that 12 genes keep consistency at both transcription and protein levels, and transcription of all of them but one were up-regulated. We classified the 141 differentially expressed proteins into 18 types of function categories using COG database, and linked them to their respective KEGG metabolism pathways. These proteins are involved in 31 metabolism pathways, such as photosynthesis, glucose metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, lysine synthesis, fatty acid metabolism, glutathione metabolism. Additionally, the SRPs, heat shock protein and ABC transporter proteins were identified, which probably render Arthrospira (Spirulina) plantensis's resistance against high salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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Singh P, Tiwari A, Singh SP, Asthana RK. Desiccation induced changes in osmolytes production and the antioxidative defence in the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 19:61-8. [PMID: 24381438 PMCID: PMC3550691 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-012-0145-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cells of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120, a low desiccation tolerant cyanobacterium, was subjected to prolonged desiccation and effect of loss of water was examined on production of osmolytes, and antioxidant response as well as on overall viability in terms of photosynthetic activity. During dehydration (22 h), the organism maintained about 98.5 % loss of cellular water, yet cells remained viable as about 30 % of photosynthetic O2-evolution activity resumed upon hydrating (1 h) such cells. In desiccated state, cyanobacterial cells accumulated osmolytes within 1 h though their contents decreased thereafter. The highest levels of trehalose (179 nmol mg(-1) protein), sucrose (805 nmol mg(-1) protein) and proline (23.2 nmol mg(-1) protein) were attained within 1 h. Chlorophyll a and carotenoid contents also increased within 1 h but phycocyanin level showed opposite trend. The oxygen-evolving activity declined in desiccated cyanobacterial biomass while rehydration led to instant recovery, indicating that cells protect the photosynthetic machinery against desiccation. Notwithstanding, activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) attained their peaks after 3 h of desiccation, though within 10 min of rehydration, their levels returned back close to basal activities of the cultured cells. We propose that onset of osmolyte production in conjunction with upshift of antioxidant enzymes apparently protects the cyanobacterial cells from desiccation stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Singh
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | - Anupam Tiwari
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
| | | | - Ravi Kumar Asthana
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India
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Koksharova OA. Application of molecular genetic and microbiological techniques in ecology and biotechnology of cyanobacteria. Microbiology (Reading) 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261710060020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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SINKIEWICZ IZABELA, SYNOWIECKI JÓZEF. ACTIVITY AND PRIMARY CHARACTERIZATION OF ENZYME FROM THERMUS RUBERCELLS CATALYZING CONVERSION OF MALTOSE INTO TREHALOSE. J Food Biochem 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2008.00208.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Trehalose-producing enzymes MTSase and MTHase in Anabaena 7120 under NaCl stress. Curr Microbiol 2008; 56:429-35. [PMID: 18322734 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-008-9121-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2007] [Accepted: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Salt tolerance, a multigenic trait, necessitates knowledge about biosynthesis and function of candidate gene(s) at the cellular level. Among the osmolytes, trehalose biosynthesis in cyanobacteria facing NaCl stress is little understood. Anabaena 7120 filaments exposed to 150 mM: NaCl fragmented and recovered on transfer to -NaCl medium with the increased heterocysts frequency (7%) over the control (4%). Cells failed to retain Na+ beyond a threshold [2.19 mM/cm3 (PCV)]. Whereas NaCl-stressed cells exhibited a marginal rise in K+ (1.1-fold) only at 30 h, for Na+ it was 130-fold at 48 h over cells in control. A time-course study (0-54 h) revealed reduction in intracellular Na+ beyond 48 h [0.80 mM/cm3 (PCV)] suggestive of ion efflux. The NaCl-stressed cells showed differential expression of maltooligosyltrehalose synthase (MTSase; EC 5.4.99.15) and maltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (MTHase; EC 3.2.1.141) depending on the time and the extent of intracellular Na+ buildup.
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Salzano AM, Febbraio F, Farias T, Cetrangolo GP, Nucci R, Scaloni A, Manco G. Redox stress proteins are involved in adaptation response of the hyperthermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus to nickel challenge. Microb Cell Fact 2007; 6:25. [PMID: 17692131 PMCID: PMC1995220 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-6-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2007] [Accepted: 08/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to nickel (Ni) and its chemical derivatives has been associated with severe health effects in human. On the contrary, poor knowledge has been acquired on target physiological processes or molecular mechanisms of this metal in model organisms, including Bacteria and Archaea. In this study, we describe an analysis focused at identifying proteins involved in the recovery of the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus strain MT4 from Ni-induced stress. Results To this purpose, Sulfolobus solfataricus was grown in the presence of the highest nickel sulphate concentration still allowing cells to survive; crude extracts from treated and untreated cells were compared at the proteome level by using a bi-dimensional chromatography approach. We identified several proteins specifically repressed or induced as result of Ni treatment. Observed up-regulated proteins were largely endowed with the ability to trigger recovery from oxidative and osmotic stress in other biological systems. It is noteworthy that most of the proteins induced following Ni treatment perform similar functions and a few have eukaryal homologue counterparts. Conclusion These findings suggest a series of preferential gene expression pathways activated in adaptation response to metal challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Salzano
- Laboratorio di Proteomica e Spettrometria di Massa, ISPAAM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80147 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Febbraio
- Istituto di Biochimica delle Proteine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Tiziana Farias
- Istituto di Biochimica delle Proteine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni P Cetrangolo
- Istituto di Biochimica delle Proteine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Nucci
- Istituto di Biochimica delle Proteine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Laboratorio di Proteomica e Spettrometria di Massa, ISPAAM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80147 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Manco
- Istituto di Biochimica delle Proteine, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
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